A new type of waveguide with pupil exit and pupil entry

Abstract

The application provides a novel waveguide with an out-pupil-in-pupil mode, which comprises a coupling-in module, a coupling-out module and a turning module, wherein the coupling-out module is composed of a glue layer with a specific refractive index and a sawtooth-shaped light splitting surface array, the coupling-in module is composed of a glue layer with a lower refractive index and a prism, the turning module is a series of film-coated surfaces with a certain light splitting ratio, light rays respectively start from corresponding projection light machines of the waveguide elements, propagate by total reflection in the waveguide elements, are reflected in the turning area and the coupling-out area respectively, and finally enter the human eyes, the micro-tooth-shaped coupling-out light splitting surface array and the coupling-in and coupling-out modules with high and low refractive index glue layers are innovatively used to expand the field of view angle of the waveguide, and high transmittance, light and thin display exceeding 70° can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of optical device technology, and in particular relates to a new type of waveguide with an exit pupil and an entrance pupil. Background Technology

[0002] Since the concepts of virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) were introduced, the market for near-eye display devices based on VR or AR modes has also developed significantly. Among the many hardware implementations of AR or VR technology, near-eye displays (NEDs) are the most effective and currently offer the best user experience.

[0003] Near-eye displays (NEDs) are head-mounted displays that project images directly into the viewer's eyes. The NED screen is very close to the eye, less than visual distance, making it impossible for the human eye to directly discern the image content. Through the NED's optical system, the image is magnified to a greater distance and refocused onto the retina, making the image appear as if it were several meters away, thus achieving the display effects of AR and VR technologies.

[0004] Because near-eye displays need to be worn on the head, their small size and good display effect are particularly important. Waveguide display systems are one of the solutions for achieving near-eye displays. For traditional two-dimensional geometric waveguides, based on the principle of total internal reflection propagation, the limitation of the glass refractive index leads to a limitation on the field of view, making it impossible to obtain a large field of view. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention provides a novel waveguide with an exit pupil and entry pupil design, enabling a high transmittance exceeding 70° and a lightweight display system.

[0006] A new type of waveguide with an exit pupil and an entrance pupil, comprising a waveguide body, a coupling module, a coupling module, and a steering module;

[0007] The coupling module is used to couple light into the waveguide body;

[0008] The waveguide body is used to propagate light through total internal reflection to the steering module located inside the waveguide body;

[0009] The steering module is used to change the direction of the received light, so that the light with the changed direction propagates to the coupling module in the waveguide body by total internal reflection.

[0010] The coupling module is located on the opposite side of the steering module in the waveguide body, and the coupling module includes an adhesive layer and a sawtooth beam splitter. The adhesive layer is located inside the waveguide body and forms a set angle with the lower surface of the waveguide body. The sawtooth beam splitter is bonded to the lower surface of the waveguide body by the adhesive layer, and the projections of the adhesive layer and the sawtooth beam splitter on the lower surface of the waveguide body coincide.

[0011] When light propagating from the waveguide body is incident on the adhesive layer, it undergoes multiple total internal reflections between the adhesive layer and the sawtooth beam splitter. This continues until the angle of incidence of the light that is totally reflected from the sawtooth beam splitter to the adhesive layer no longer satisfies the total internal reflection condition due to the wedge angle effect of the adhesive layer. As a result, light with a larger field of view is transmitted from the adhesive layer to the waveguide body and finally exits from the waveguide body.

[0012] Furthermore, one side of the sawtooth beam-splitting surface is a sawtooth structure, and the other side is a plane. The sawtooth structure consists of periodic sawtooths with a set angle. Each period of sawtooths is divided into a rising edge beam-splitting surface 208 and a falling edge beam-splitting surface 207, with the rising edge beam-splitting surface 208 being shorter than the falling edge beam-splitting surface 207. The transmittance of the falling edge beam-splitting surface 207 is greater than its reflectance, and the angle between the falling edge beam-splitting surface 207 and the plane of the sawtooth beam-splitting surface is 30°. The rising edge beam-splitting surface 208 is a completely transparent plane, and the angle between the rising edge beam-splitting surface 208 and the plane of the sawtooth beam-splitting surface is greater than 60°.

[0013] Furthermore, the short side length L of the sawtooth beam-splitting surface satisfies the following relationship:

[0014] L>d1 / tan(θ2)–d1 / tan(i4)

[0015] Where d1 is the thickness of the waveguide body, θ2 is the angle between the falling edge beam splitter 207 and the plane of the sawtooth beam splitter, and i4 is the incident angle of the first light received by the sawtooth beam splitter from the total internal reflection of the adhesive layer.

[0016] Furthermore, the transmittance of the falling edge beam-splitting surface 207 is 70%, and the reflectance is 30%.

[0017] Furthermore, the incident angle i5 of the light propagating from the waveguide body onto the adhesive layer is greater than the sum of the total internal reflection angles of the adhesive layer and the waveguide body.

[0018] Furthermore, the steering module consists of a series of beam-splitting surfaces with set reflectance and transmittance ratios and forming a set angle with the edge of the waveguide body.

[0019] Furthermore, the coupling module includes a wedge prism 101 located on the surface of the waveguide body and a coupling adhesive layer 102 located inside the waveguide body;

[0020] The refractive index of the coupling adhesive layer 102 is the same as that of the coupling adhesive layer 104 of the coupling module, and the tilt angle of the coupling adhesive layer 102 is a mirror image of the tilt angle of the coupling adhesive layer 104 of the coupling module.

[0021] The upper surface 304 of the wedge prism 101 is coated with a total reflection film;

[0022] When light rays with an incident angle not greater than the total internal reflection angle of the coupling adhesive layer 102 enter the waveguide body, they are transmitted from the coupling adhesive layer 102 to the upper surface 304 of the wedge prism 101, and then reflected back into the waveguide body by the total internal reflection film on the upper surface 304. The reflected light rays pass through the coupling adhesive layer 102 and are incident on the bottom surface of the waveguide body for total internal reflection. After multiple transmissions through the coupling adhesive layer 102 and multiple total internal reflections by the total internal reflection film on the upper surface 304, the incident angle of the light rays that are completely reflected from the bottom surface of the waveguide body to the coupling adhesive layer 102 will be greater than the total internal reflection angle of the coupling adhesive layer 102. At this time, the light rays will propagate through total internal reflection between the coupling adhesive layer 102 and the bottom surface of the waveguide body, thus completing the coupling of the light rays into the waveguide body.

[0023] Furthermore, a new type of waveguide with an exit pupil and an entrance pupil also includes a display screen 108 and a projection optical engine 107, wherein the display screen 108 and the projection optical engine 107 are located on the other side of the coupling module on the waveguide body, and light is emitted from the micro display screen 108, passes through the projection optical engine 107 and enters the coupling module.

[0024] Furthermore, a compensating prism array with an angle complementary to the sawtooth angle is also bonded below the sawtooth beam-splitting surface.

[0025] Furthermore, the refractive index n1 of the waveguide body is 2.0, the refractive index n3 of the adhesive layer in the coupling module is 1.31, and the refractive index n2 of the sawtooth beam splitter in the coupling module is 1.51.

[0026] Beneficial effects:

[0027] 1. This invention provides a novel waveguide with an entrance and exit pupil design, comprising an input module, an output module, and a steering module. The output module consists of a film layer with a specific refractive index and a sawtooth beam-splitting array. The input module consists of a film layer with a lower refractive index and a prism. The steering module consists of a series of coated surfaces with a certain beam splitting ratio. Light rays originate from the projection optical engine corresponding to the waveguide element, propagate by total internal reflection within the waveguide element, and are reflected in the steering and output regions respectively, ultimately entering the human eye. This invention innovatively uses a micro-toothed output beam-splitting array and an input / output module with high and low refractive index film layers to expand the waveguide's field of view, enabling high transmittance and thin displays exceeding 70°, and can be applied to near-eye display devices.

[0028] 2. The present invention provides a new type of waveguide with an exit pupil and an entrance pupil. Below the sawtooth beam splitter, a compensating prism array with an angle complementary to the sawtooth angle is also bonded to ensure that there is no optical distortion in the transmitted light path. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 A three-dimensional diagram of the overall waveguide component provided by this invention;

[0030] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the principle of light transmission from the input module to the output module provided by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a side view of the waveguide coupling module provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the coupling module provided by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 A partially enlarged view of the schematic diagram of the coupling module provided by the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the coupling module and compensating prism array provided by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 The schematic diagram of the coupling module provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] In this invention, a Cartesian coordinate system is established with the waveguide element positioned in front of the human eye. The Z-axis is the direction of the line of sight, the X-axis is the vertical direction perpendicular to the line of sight, and the Y-axis is the horizontal direction perpendicular to the line of sight. The XY plane is perpendicular to the direction of the line of sight.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention provides a waveguide system applicable to near-eye display applications. Traditional geometric waveguides, due to the need to consider the matching of adhesive and refractive index, as well as material stability issues during multilayer bonding, are mostly made of low-refractive-index materials, with refractive indices generally below 1.7. When the refractive index of the waveguide substrate is low, the field of view that the waveguide can accommodate is small. This embodiment proposes a glass based on a high-refractive-index material with a refractive index of 2.0, thereby improving the field of view range of the waveguide.

[0039] Specifically, the present invention provides a novel waveguide with an entrance pupil and exit pupil configuration, comprising a waveguide body 106, a coupling module, a coupling-out module, a steering module 103, a display screen 108, and a projection optical engine 107. The display screen 108 and the projection optical engine 107 are located on the waveguide body on the opposite side of the coupling module. Light is emitted from the micro-display screen 108, passes through the projection optical engine 107, and then enters the coupling module.

[0040] The coupling module is used to couple light into the waveguide body 106; wherein, as shown in the example Figure 2 As shown, the waveguide body 106 is used to provide total internal reflection for light;

[0041] The waveguide body 106 is used to propagate light to the steering module 103 located inside the waveguide body by total internal reflection; wherein, the steering module 103 is composed of a series of beam-splitting surfaces with a set reflectance and transmittance and forming a set angle with the edge of the waveguide body, and the beam-splitting surfaces are vertically arranged inside the waveguide body 106.

[0042] The steering module 103 is used to change the direction of the received light, so that the light with the changed direction propagates to the coupling module in the waveguide body by total internal reflection.

[0043] The coupling module is located on the opposite side of the steering module in the waveguide body, and the coupling module includes an adhesive layer 104 and a sawtooth beam splitter 105; wherein, the adhesive layer 104 is located inside the waveguide body and forms a set angle with the lower surface of the waveguide body, that is, the adhesive layer 104 is inclinedly arranged in the waveguide body 106; the sawtooth beam splitter 105 is bonded to the lower surface of the waveguide body by an adhesive layer 203, and the projections of the adhesive layer 104 and the sawtooth beam splitter 105 on the lower surface of the waveguide body 106 coincide.

[0044] Light rays propagating from the waveguide body 106 are incident on the adhesive layer 104 and undergo multiple total internal reflections between the adhesive layer 104 and the sawtooth beam-splitting surface 105. This continues until the wedge angle of the adhesive layer 104 causes the incident angle of the light rays from the sawtooth beam-splitting surface 105 to the adhesive layer 104 to no longer satisfy the total internal reflection condition. As a result, light rays with a larger field of view are transmitted from the adhesive layer 104 to the waveguide body 106 and finally exit from the waveguide body 106. It should be noted that the incident angle i5 of the light rays propagating from the waveguide body to the adhesive layer is greater than the sum of the total internal reflection angles of the adhesive layer and the waveguide body.

[0045] The coupling module of the present invention will be described in detail below.

[0046] like Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, one side of the sawtooth beam-splitting surface in the coupling module is a sawtooth structure, and the other side is a flat glass or resin optical component. The sawtooth structure consists of periodic sawtooths with a set angle. Each period of sawtooths is divided into a rising edge beam-splitting surface 208 and a falling edge beam-splitting surface 207, with the rising edge beam-splitting surface 208 being shorter than the falling edge beam-splitting surface 207. The transmittance of the falling edge beam-splitting surface 207 is greater than its reflectance; optionally, the transmittance of the falling edge beam-splitting surface 207 is 70%, and the reflectance is 30%. The angle between the falling edge beam-splitting surface 207 and the plane of the sawtooth beam-splitting surface is 30°. The rising edge beam-splitting surface 208 is a completely transparent plane, and the angle between the rising edge beam-splitting surface 208 and the plane of the sawtooth beam-splitting surface is greater than 60° to ensure that no undercut surfaces appear during processing. In this embodiment, this angle is 80°.

[0047] Due to the presence of a prism array with a specific angle, namely the sawtooth beam-splitting surface 105, the transmitted light rays will be refracted, resulting in distortion of the real image. Here, 205 is a prism compensation array element corresponding to the sawtooth beam-splitting surface 105 element. The angles of each prism array and the angle of the sawtooth beam-splitting surface 105 are complementary. Figure 6 As shown, the sawtooth beam-splitting surface 105 and the prism compensation array element 205 can be directly bonded together; at the same time, in order to ensure that all the emitted light from the coupling layer can be reflected on the surface of the adhesive layer 104, the short side length L of the sawtooth beam-splitting surface satisfies the following relationship:

[0048] L>d1 / tan(θ2)–d1 / tan(i4)

[0049] Where d1 is the thickness of the waveguide body, θ2 is the angle between the falling edge beam splitter 207 and the plane of the sawtooth beam splitter, and i4 is the incident angle of the first light received by the sawtooth beam splitter from the total internal reflection of the adhesive layer.

[0050] It should be noted that, due to the bidirectional nature of light, in order to better analyze the characteristics of the light rays, the decoupled module is analyzed by reverse tracing of the light rays, such as... Figure 4As shown, the light ray is a reverse-tracing ray; the overall waveguide system operates in air, with an air refractive index of n0; the waveguide body 106 has a thickness of d1 and an optical refractive index of n1; the sawtooth beam splitter 105 has a thickness of d2 and an optical refractive index of n2; the adhesive layer 104 is a thin layer and can be considered as a flat plate parallel to the waveguide body, so its thickness is negligible, and its optical refractive index is n3. The light ray enters the waveguide body from the exit pupil, with the incident and exit media being n1 and air n0, respectively. At this point, the incident angle of the light ray relative to the upper surface of the waveguide body 106 is i0, and its refraction angle is i1. The light ray continues to propagate, and when it strikes the surface of the adhesive layer 104, since the surface of the adhesive layer 104 can be considered as a parallel plate with a certain refractive index, the propagation angle of the light ray will not change; the light ray continues to propagate, passing through the surface of the adhesive layer 203, with the incident and exit media being n2 and n1, the incident angle being i1, and the exit angle being i2; as... Figure 5 As shown, the light continues to propagate, and after reflection by the inner beam-splitting surface 105, it reaches the surface of the adhesive layer 203 again. The angle θ2 between the sawtooth beam-splitting surface 105 and the surface of the adhesive layer 203 is θ2, and it re-enters the waveguide body 106. The incident and exit media are n1 and n2, the incident angle is i3, and the exit angle is i4. The light continues to propagate, and when it is incident on the adhesive layer 104, the angle between the adhesive layer 104 and the adhesive layer 203 is θ1, and the incident angle with respect to the sawtooth beam-splitting surface 105 is i5. At this time, in order to ensure total internal reflection, i5 needs to be greater than the total internal reflection angle of the adhesive layer 104 and the waveguide body 106. The refractive index of the material of the adhesive layer 104 is n3.

[0051] i5 > arcsin(n3 / n2)

[0052] After being reflected by the adhesive layer 104, the light propagates into the waveguide body 106. Table 1 shows the calculation formulas and explanations for various angles during propagation:

[0053] Table 1

[0054]

[0055]

[0056] In this embodiment, the refractive index n1 of material 106 is 2.0, the refractive index n3 of material 104 is 1.31, the refractive index n2 of material 105 is 1.51, the angle θ2 between the inner beam-dividing surfaces of 105 is 30°, the angle θ1 between 104 and the surface of 203 is 7°, the thickness d1 of 106 is 2.0 mm, and the thickness d2 of 105 is 0.5 mm. Within this angular range, the achievable field of view in this direction is 71°, which is greater than the current field of view of arrayed waveguides.

[0057] The coupling module of the present invention will be described in detail below.

[0058] like Figure 7 As shown, the coupling module includes a wedge prism 101 located on the surface of the waveguide body and a coupling adhesive layer 102 located inside the waveguide body.

[0059] The refractive index of the coupling adhesive layer 102 is the same as that of the coupling adhesive layer 104 of the coupling module, and the tilt angle of the coupling adhesive layer 102 is a mirror image of the tilt angle of the coupling adhesive layer 104 of the coupling module.

[0060] The upper surface 304 of the wedge prism 101 is coated with a total reflection film;

[0061] When light rays with an incident angle not greater than the total internal reflection angle of the coupling adhesive layer 102 enter the waveguide body, they are transmitted from the coupling adhesive layer 102 to the upper surface 304 of the wedge prism 101, and then reflected back into the waveguide body by the total internal reflection film on the upper surface 304. The reflected light rays pass through the coupling adhesive layer 102 and are incident on the bottom surface of the waveguide body for total internal reflection. After multiple transmissions through the coupling adhesive layer 102 and multiple total internal reflections by the total internal reflection film on the upper surface 304, the incident angle of the light rays that are completely reflected from the bottom surface of the waveguide body to the coupling adhesive layer 102 will be greater than the total internal reflection angle of the coupling adhesive layer 102. At this time, the light rays will propagate through total internal reflection between the coupling adhesive layer 102 and the bottom surface of the waveguide body, thus completing the coupling of the light rays into the waveguide body.

[0062] Furthermore, this invention employs a reverse-tracking model to conduct a detailed analysis of the coupled-in module, as follows:

[0063] like Figure 7 As shown, 106 is the main body of the waveguide, and 102 is the adhesive layer in the coupling part. Its refractive index is the same as that of the adhesive layer 104, but its tilt angle is a mirror image of the adhesive layer 104, that is, the included angle is 180°-2×7°=166°. When the light propagates to the coupling part of the waveguide, it is reflected for the first time by the main body 106 and then encounters the adhesive layer 102. Since the incident angle is greater than the total internal reflection angle at this interface, the light continues to propagate after total internal reflection at the adhesive layer 102, and is reflected again at the lower surface of the main waveguide 106. At this time, due to the wedge angle of 102, the incident angle at 102 becomes smaller and no longer meets the total internal reflection condition. The light is transmitted into the wedge prism 101. This prism is an angled wedge prism, and the angle of the prism here is 22°. The surface of 304 is coated with a total internal reflection film. After the light is reflected by 304, it exits from the main body 106 of the waveguide.

[0064] Therefore, the optical path of the waveguide of the present invention is as follows: light enters from the coupling modules, namely 101 and 102, and propagates through total internal reflection in the waveguide body 106. It then undergoes reflection or transmission through the steering module 103, and propagates again through total internal reflection in the waveguide body 106, finally reaching the coupling modules, namely 104 and 105. Here, 101 is the coupling wedge prism in the waveguide coupling module, and 102 is a low-refractive-index thin layer in the waveguide coupling module, preferably with a refractive index of less than 1.5. In this example, the thin layer is an adhesive layer with a refractive index of 1.31; 103 is a turning region array with a certain beam splitting ratio, and all are arranged at 45° angles; 104 is a low-refractive-index thin layer in the waveguide coupling module, and the refractive index of this thin layer should not be greater than the refractive index of 102. In this embodiment, this thin layer is also an adhesive layer with a refractive index of 1.31; 105 is the coupling beam splitting surface layer in the waveguide coupling module; 108 is a microdisplay screen; and 107 is a micro-projection optical engine. 101 and 107 are located on opposite sides of the waveguide body 106. Light is emitted from the microdisplay screen 106, enters through the coupling module, and preferably, the coupling module is a combination of an optical prism and an adhesive layer. The coupling wedge prism can be located on the same side or opposite side of the micro-projection optical engine 107. After being turned by a series of beam splitting surfaces in the turning module, the light enters the coupling module and exits through the sawtooth beam splitting surface of the coupling module.

[0065] In summary, this invention provides a novel waveguide with an entrance and exit pupil configuration, comprising an input module, an output module, and a steering module. The output module is a combination of a thin layer with an optical refractive index difference from the adjacent medium and an angled reflective surface. The input module is also a combination of a thin layer with an optical refractive index difference from the adjacent medium and an angled reflective surface. The steering module is an array of beam-splitting surfaces with specific reflectance and transmittance ratios. Light rays originate from the projection optical engine corresponding to the waveguide element, propagate through total internal reflection within the waveguide element, and are reflected in the steering and output regions, respectively. The light ultimately enters the human eye; however, for near-eye displays, it is difficult to simultaneously achieve the characteristics of a large field of view, high transmittance, and thinness. Waveguide systems, due to their propagation through total internal reflection and geometric or diffraction coupling-in and coupling-out, can achieve pupil expansion and are one of the key solutions for achieving thinness. However, due to the limitation of material refractive index, geometric waveguides are difficult to achieve a large field of view. Based on this, the present invention innovatively uses a micro-toothed coupling-out beam-splitting array and a coupling-in and coupling-out module with high and low refractive index adhesive layers to expand the field of view of the waveguide, enabling a high transmittance and thin display system exceeding 70°.

[0066] Of course, the present invention may have other various embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various corresponding changes and modifications according to the present invention, but these corresponding changes and modifications should all fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A novel waveguide of exit pupil-in pupil method, characterized in that, The waveguide body, the in-coupling module, the out-coupling module and the turning module are included. The in-coupling module is configured to couple light into the waveguide body. The waveguide body is configured to propagate light in the waveguide body by total reflection to the turning module inside the waveguide body. The turning module is configured to change the direction of the received light, so that the light changes direction and propagates in the waveguide body by total reflection to the out-coupling module. The out-coupling module is located on the other side of the waveguide body opposite to the turning module, and includes a glue layer and a sawtooth-shaped light splitting surface; the glue layer is located inside the waveguide body and forms a set angle with the lower surface of the waveguide body; the sawtooth-shaped light splitting surface is bonded to the lower surface of the waveguide body through the glue layer, and the projection of the glue layer and the sawtooth-shaped light splitting surface on the lower surface of the waveguide body is coincident. The light propagating from the waveguide body is incident on the glue layer, and multiple total reflections occur between the glue layer and the sawtooth-shaped light splitting surface, until the incident angle of the light totally reflected from the sawtooth-shaped light splitting surface to the glue layer no longer satisfies the total reflection condition due to the wedge angle of the glue layer, so that the light with a larger field of view is transmitted from the glue layer to the waveguide body, and finally emitted from the waveguide body.

2. A novel pupil-in and pupil-out way waveguide as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The sawtooth-shaped light splitting surface has a sawtooth structure on one side and a flat surface on the other side, and the sawtooth structure is a periodic sawtooth with a set angle; each period of the sawtooth is divided into a rising edge light splitting surface (208) and a falling edge light splitting surface (207), and the rising edge light splitting surface (208) is shorter than the falling edge light splitting surface (207); the transmittance of the falling edge light splitting surface (207) is greater than the reflectance, and the angle between the falling edge light splitting surface (207) and the flat surface of the sawtooth-shaped light splitting surface is 30°; the rising edge light splitting surface (208) is a completely transparent flat surface, and the angle between the rising edge light splitting surface (208) and the flat surface of the sawtooth-shaped light splitting surface is greater than 60°.

3. A novel pupil-in and pupil-out way waveguide as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that, The short side length L of the sawtooth-shaped light splitting surface satisfies the following relationship: L > d1 / tan(θ2) - d1 / tan(i4) where d1 is the thickness of the waveguide body, θ2 is the angle between the falling edge light splitting surface (207) and the flat surface of the sawtooth-shaped light splitting surface, and i4 is the incident angle of the light first received by the sawtooth-shaped light splitting surface from the glue layer.

4. A novel pupil-in and pupil-out waveguide of the type defined in claim 2, characterized by, The transmittance of the falling edge light splitting surface (207) is 70%, and the reflectance is 30%.

5. A novel pupil-in and pupil-out way waveguide as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The incident angle i5 of the light propagating from the waveguide body to the glue layer is greater than the sum of the total reflection angles of the glue layer and the waveguide body.

6. A novel pupil-in and pupil-out way waveguide as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The turning module is composed of a series of light splitting surfaces with a set reflectance and transmittance and a set angle with the edge of the waveguide body.

7. A novel pupil-in and pupil-out way waveguide as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The in-coupling module includes a wedge prism (101) on the surface of the waveguide body and an in-coupling glue layer (102) inside the waveguide body. The refractive index of the in-coupling glue layer (102) is the same as that of the glue layer (104) of the out-coupling module, and the inclination angle of the in-coupling glue layer (102) is in a mirror relationship with the inclination angle of the glue layer (104) of the out-coupling module. The upper surface (304) of the wedge prism (101) is coated with a total reflection film. The light with the incident angle not greater than the total reflection angle of the coupling-in adhesive layer (102) enters the waveguide body, is transmitted to the upper surface (304) of the wedge prism (101) from the coupling-in adhesive layer (102), is reflected back to the inside of the waveguide body via the total reflection film on the upper surface (304), is transmitted to the bottom surface of the waveguide body after the reflection light transmits through the coupling-in adhesive layer (102), is totally reflected from the bottom surface of the waveguide body, and has the incident angle greater than the total reflection angle of the coupling-in adhesive layer (102) after the totally reflected light transmits through the coupling-in adhesive layer (102) and the total reflection film on the upper surface (304) multiple times, so that the light is totally reflected between the coupling-in adhesive layer (102) and the bottom surface of the waveguide body, and the coupling-in of the light into the waveguide body is completed.

8. A novel pupil-in and pupil-out way waveguide as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The display screen (108) and the projection light machine (107) are further included, wherein the display screen (108) and the projection light machine (107) are located on the other side of the coupling-in module on the waveguide body, the light is emitted from the micro display screen (108), enters the coupling-in module after passing through the projection light machine (107), and is coupled into the waveguide body.

9. A novel pupil-in and pupil-out way waveguide as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The sawtooth-shaped light splitting surface is further bonded with a compensatory prism array with an angle complementary to the sawtooth angle.

10. A novel pupil-in and pupil-out waveguide according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The refractive index n1 of the waveguide body is 2.0, the refractive index n3 of the adhesive layer in the coupling-out module is 1.31, and the refractive index n2 of the sawtooth-shaped light splitting surface is 1.51.

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