A side-mounted spindle box structure for a machine tool

Abstract

The application discloses a side-hung spindle box structure of a machine tool, which is arranged on the side wall of a column of the machine tool and is balanced by a weight, and comprises an L-shaped cross-section spindle box body, a ram and a hanger. The L-shaped cross-section spindle box body is arranged as a semi-open structure, and the ram is installed on the L-shaped cross-section spindle box body through a plurality of linear guide rail pairs, so that the lightweight design of the spindle box is realized while the strength and stability of the L-shaped cross-section spindle box body are ensured. First and second hangers are respectively arranged at the front and rear positions of the L-shaped cross-section spindle box body, and first and second lifting piles are respectively arranged at positions coinciding with the gravity center of the side-hung spindle box structure along the horizontal movement direction of the machine tool, so that the overturning moment generated by the gravity center load deviation of the side-hung spindle box structure is eliminated, the stability of the overall structure of the machine tool is improved, and the machining effect is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machine tool technology, and in particular to a side-mounted spindle box structure for a machine tool. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of technology, the manufacturing industry places increasingly higher demands on machine tools. Machine tools are increasingly developing towards high speed, high efficiency, precision, and lightweight design, requiring rigorous analysis and design of their components to meet the needs of the manufacturing industry. The spindle box is a crucial component of a machine tool, used to house the machine tool's working spindle, its transmission parts, and corresponding auxiliary mechanisms. The spindle box is a complex transmission component whose main function is to support the spindle and enable its rotation, realizing functions such as spindle starting, braking, speed changing, and reversing. Existing spindle boxes, to ensure the strength of the housing, use a heavy, enclosed solid structure, resulting in a bulky spindle box. This traditional machine tool spindle box structure not only has high manufacturing costs but also causes slow component movement and poor flexibility during machine tool operation, affecting machining efficiency and accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem this invention aims to solve is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a side-mounted spindle box structure for machine tools. This structure designs the spindle box body as an L-shaped semi-open structure to adapt to lightweight design principles, while maintaining the center of gravity balance of the side-mounted spindle box structure. This ensures the machining strength and structural stability of the side-mounted spindle box structure, meeting the requirements for machining and use. The side-mounted spindle box structure for machine tools provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0004] A side-mounted spindle box structure for a machine tool, the machine tool including a column, the side-mounted spindle box structure comprising:

[0005] L-shaped cross-section spindle housing, the L-shaped cross-section spindle housing being installed on the side wall of the column;

[0006] The slide is slidably mounted on the vertical and horizontal surfaces inside the L-shaped section spindle box via several sets of linear guide rails.

[0007] The hanger includes a first hanger and a second hanger respectively installed at the front and rear of the L-shaped spindle box. The top of the first hanger and the second hanger are respectively equipped with a first lifting pile and a second lifting pile. The first lifting pile and the second lifting pile are both located at a position that coincides with the center of gravity of the side-mounted spindle box structure along the horizontal movement direction of the machine tool.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution, the linear guide pair includes a linear guide and a slider. The linear guide is respectively installed on the side and bottom of the slide block near the L-shaped section spindle housing. The vertical and horizontal surfaces inside the L-shaped section spindle housing are respectively equipped with sliders that cooperate with the linear guide.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution, a lead screw nut seat is fixedly installed at the bottom of the slide block, and a lead screw nut is installed on the lead screw nut seat. A slide block feed screw and a drive mechanism that cooperate with the lead screw nut are fixedly installed on the side of the L-shaped section spindle housing away from the column. The drive mechanism is installed at the end of the slide block feed screw near the second hanger.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution, both the first hanger and the second hanger include an upper horizontal plate, a lower horizontal plate, and a connecting plate. One end of the upper horizontal plate is installed on the top of the L-shaped cross-section spindle box, and one end of the lower horizontal plate is installed on the bottom side of the L-shaped cross-section spindle box away from the column. Both ends of the connecting plate are fixed to the ends of the upper horizontal plate and the lower horizontal plate away from the L-shaped cross-section spindle box, respectively.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution, both the upper and lower horizontal plates are solid plates, the connecting plate is a hollow plate, and several ribs are welded inside the connecting plate.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution, a groove is provided on the side of the L-shaped cross-section spindle box that connects to the lower horizontal plate, and an end face key is provided at the corresponding position where the lower horizontal plate connects to the L-shaped cross-section spindle box. A beveled strip that mates with the end face key is installed in the groove.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution, a balance cylinder is installed on the first hanger.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution, the column is a hollow structure, and a counterweight is installed inside the column. The top of the column is provided with a first pulley group, a first connector, a second pulley group, and a second connector. The first connector bypasses the first pulley group and its two ends are respectively connected to the top of the counterweight and the first lifting pile. The second connector bypasses the second pulley group and its two ends are respectively connected to the top of the counterweight and the second lifting pile.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution, the first pulley group and the second pulley group are configured to have different directions.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution, a magnetic scale is integrated into the linear guide pair at the bottom of the slide block.

[0017] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0018] 1. This invention sets the spindle box as an L-shaped semi-open structure, and slides the ram slidably on the vertical and horizontal surfaces inside the L-shaped spindle box via several sets of linear guide pairs. The semi-open L-shaped spindle box not only provides stable support for large-size, long-stroke rams, enabling stable horizontal feed of the rams on the L-shaped spindle box, thus improving the reliability of the support and transmission structure for large-size, long-stroke rams, but also significantly reduces the weight of the side-mounted spindle box structure, simplifies the machine tool design, achieves lightweight design, reduces manufacturing and assembly costs, and improves processing efficiency and accuracy.

[0019] 2. This invention eliminates the overturning moment caused by the eccentric loading of the center of gravity of the side-mounted spindle box structure by designing a first hanger and a second hanger at the front and rear positions of the L-shaped cross-section spindle box body, and setting the first and second lifting piles at positions that coincide with the center of gravity of the side-mounted spindle box structure along the horizontal movement direction of the machine tool. This improves the stability of the overall structure of the machine tool and ensures the machining effect.

[0020] 3. This invention designs the upper and lower horizontal plates of the hanger as solid plates and the connecting plate as a hollow plate. By combining the solid and hollow plate structures of the hanger, the overall strength of the hanger can be guaranteed, while the overall weight of the side-mounted spindle box structure can be further reduced, achieving a lightweight design. By welding several ribs inside the hollow plate, the ribs can reinforce the connecting plate, enhance its strength, and further improve the strength and stability of the hanger.

[0021] 4. The present invention provides an end face key and a beveled strip on the connection surface between the lower horizontal plate of the hanger and the L-shaped section spindle box. The cooperation of the end face key and the beveled strip facilitates the positioning and installation of the hanger. On the other hand, the end face key can withstand a certain torque, and the cooperation of the end face key and the beveled strip can also withstand greater shear force, thereby improving the connection strength between the L-shaped section spindle box and the hanger. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a side-mounted spindle box structure for a machine tool according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a side view diagram of the side-mounted spindle box structure of a machine tool according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a side cross-sectional view of a side-mounted spindle box structure for a machine tool according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a partially enlarged view of the key connection on the end face of the hanger of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the operation of the first pulley system of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the operation of the second pulley block of the present invention.

[0028] Figure label:

[0029] 1-L-shaped cross-section spindle box, 2-slide block, 31-first hanger, 311-first lifting pile, 32-second hanger, 321-second lifting pile, 33-upper horizontal plate, 34-lower horizontal plate, 35-connecting plate, 36-rib plate, 37-balance cylinder, 41-screw nut seat, 42-screw nut, 43-slide block feed screw, 44-drive mechanism, 45-cylindrical pin, 5-linear guide pair, 51-linear guide, 52-slider, 61-groove, 62-end key, 63-diagonal strip, 7-column, 71-counterweight, 72-first pulley block, 73-first connector, 74-second pulley block, 75-second connector, 8-lifting feed drive mechanism, 9-screw. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0032] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1 to 6 This application will be described in further detail.

[0033] This invention provides a side-mounted spindle box structure for a machine tool, the machine tool including a column, and the side-mounted spindle box structure including:

[0034] L-shaped cross-section spindle housing 1, the L-shaped cross-section spindle housing 1 is installed on the side wall of the column 7;

[0035] The slide ram 2 is slidably mounted on the vertical and horizontal surfaces inside the L-shaped cross-section spindle box 1 via several sets of linear guide rail pairs 5;

[0036] The hanger includes a first hanger 31 and a second hanger 32 respectively installed at the front and rear of the L-shaped spindle box 1. The top of the first hanger 31 and the second hanger 32 are respectively equipped with a first lifting pile 311 and a second lifting pile 321. The first lifting pile 311 and the second lifting pile 321 are both located at a position that coincides with the center of gravity of the side-mounted spindle box structure along the horizontal movement direction of the machine tool.

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention sets the spindle box as an L-shaped semi-open structure, and the ram 2 is slidably mounted on the vertical and horizontal surfaces inside the L-shaped spindle box 1 via several sets of linear guide pairs 5. The semi-open L-shaped spindle box 1 can significantly reduce the weight of the side-mounted spindle box structure, simplify the machine tool design structure, achieve lightweight design, reduce manufacturing and assembly costs, and improve processing efficiency and accuracy. On the other hand, it can provide stable support for the large-size, long-stroke ram 2. By setting several sets of linear guide pairs 5 on the vertical and horizontal surfaces inside the L-shaped spindle box 1 to install and support the ram 2, the ram 2 can perform stable horizontal feed on the L-shaped spindle box 1, which improves the reliability of the support and transmission structure of the large-size, long-stroke ram 2. By designing a first hanger 31 and a second hanger 32 at the front and rear positions of the L-shaped spindle box 1, and setting the first lifting pile 311 and the second lifting pile 321 at the top of the hanger and the position where the center of gravity of the side-mounted spindle box structure coincides with the center of gravity of the machine tool along the horizontal movement direction, it is possible to avoid the additional overturning moment of the spindle box structure during the lifting process due to the non-coincidence of the balance lifting point and the center of gravity of the spindle box. This would affect the static pressure effect of the guide rail surface of the column 7 or prevent the static pressure from being established. It can eliminate the overturning moment caused by the eccentric loading of the center of gravity of the side-mounted spindle box structure, improve the stability of the overall structure of the machine tool, and ensure the processing effect.

[0038] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the linear guide pair 5 includes a linear guide 51 and a slider 52. The linear guide 51 is respectively installed on the side and bottom of the slide block 2 near the L-shaped section spindle housing 1. The slider 52, which cooperates with the linear guide 51, is respectively installed on the vertical and horizontal surfaces inside the L-shaped section spindle housing 1. By using several sets of linear guide pairs 5 in the vertical and horizontal directions inside the L-shaped section spindle housing 1, on the one hand, the L-shaped section spindle housing 1 can stably support the slide block 2, and on the other hand, the slide block 2 can perform stable horizontal feed motion on the L-shaped section spindle housing 1.

[0039] As a preferred embodiment, such as Figure 3As shown, the present invention provides two sets of linear guide rail pairs 5 at the upper and lower positions of the side of the slide ram 2 near the L-shaped cross-section spindle housing 1, and a set of linear guide rail pairs 5 at the middle of the bottom of the slide ram 2. The slide ram 2 is supported at three points by the three sets of linear guide rail pairs 5, which improves the support stability and horizontal feed accuracy.

[0040] As a preferred embodiment, each linear guide 51 in the plurality of linear guide pairs 5 is fixed to the side and bottom of the slide block 2 near the L-shaped section spindle housing 1 by a plurality of screws 9. A slider 52 that mates with the linear guide 51 is fixed to the corresponding position of the L-shaped section spindle housing 1 by a plurality of screws 9. The mounting screws 9 are preferably M16 hexagon socket head cap screws. This screw installation not only ensures the linear guide 51 and slider 52 are securely installed but also facilitates disassembly, making later maintenance and replacement easier.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, a lead screw nut seat 41 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the ram 2, and a lead screw nut 42 is fixed on the lead screw nut seat 41. A ram feed screw 43 and a drive mechanism 44 that cooperate with the lead screw nut 42 are fixedly installed on the side of the L-shaped spindle housing 1 away from the column 7. The drive mechanism 44 is installed at the end of the ram feed screw 43 near the second hanger 32. The lead screw nut 42 is preferably a ball screw nut. The drive mechanism 44 includes a drive motor and a reducer. The drive motor and the reducer are installed at the end of the ram feed screw 43 near the second hanger 32 through a coupling. When the drive motor is working, after being reduced in speed by the reducer, it drives the ram feed screw 43 to rotate, and then drives the ram 2 to slide on the L-shaped spindle housing 1 through the lead screw nut 42, realizing the feed movement of the ram 2 in the horizontal direction.

[0042] As a preferred option, such as Figure 2 As shown, the lead screw nut seat 41 is installed in the middle of the bottom of the slide block 2 by a cylindrical pin 45. The cylindrical pin 45 can not only facilitate the positioning and installation of the lead screw nut seat 41, but also transmit force and torque, increase the shear resistance of the lead screw nut seat 41 during the feed motion of the slide block 2, and improve the feed stiffness of the slide block.

[0043] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, in some embodiments, the first hanger 31 and the second hanger 32 both include an upper horizontal plate 33, a lower horizontal plate 34 and a connecting plate 35. One end of the upper horizontal plate 33 is installed on the top of the L-shaped cross-section spindle housing 1, and one end of the lower horizontal plate 34 is installed on the bottom side of the L-shaped cross-section spindle housing 1 away from the column 7. The two ends of the connecting plate 35 are welded and fixed to the ends of the upper horizontal plate 33 and the lower horizontal plate 34 away from the L-shaped cross-section spindle housing 1, respectively. The first lifting pile 311 and the second lifting pile 321 are respectively installed on the top of the upper horizontal plate 33 of the first hanger 31 and the second hanger 32.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, as a preferred embodiment, two rows of screw 9 mounting holes are provided on both the upper horizontal plate 33 and the lower horizontal plate 34. The hanger is fixed to the L-shaped cross-section spindle housing 1 by screws 9, preferably a number of M36 internal hexagon socket head cap screws. Installing the hanger by two rows of screws 9 not only ensures a stable connection between the hanger and the L-shaped cross-section spindle housing 1, but also facilitates disassembly and subsequent maintenance.

[0045] As a preferred option, such as Figure 3 As shown, the upper horizontal plate 33 and the lower horizontal plate 34 are both solid plates, while the connecting plate 35 is a hollow plate with several ribs 36 welded inside. By designing the hanger as a structure combining solid and hollow plates, the overall strength of the hanger can be guaranteed, while the overall weight of the side-mounted spindle box structure can be further reduced, achieving a lightweight design. By welding several ribs 36 inside the hollow plate, the ribs 36 can reinforce the connecting plate 35, strengthening its load-bearing capacity and further enhancing the strength and stability of the hanger.

[0046] As a preferred embodiment, the first hanger 31 and the second hanger 32 are preferably welded structural components made of Q345B to obtain higher tensile strength.

[0047] like Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, in some embodiments, a groove 61 is provided on the side of the L-shaped spindle housing 1 that connects to the lower horizontal plate 34. An end-face key 62 is provided at the corresponding position where the lower horizontal plate 34 connects to the L-shaped spindle housing 1. A beveled strip 63 that mates with the end-face key 62 is installed in the groove 61. The beveled strip 63 is connected and fixed to the end-face key 62 by a round pin. The cooperation of the end-face key 62 and the beveled strip 63 facilitates the positioning and installation of the hanger and ensures a tight fit between the hanger and the L-shaped spindle housing 1, improving the connection strength between the L-shaped spindle housing 1 and the hanger. Since the screw 9 does not have sufficient strength to withstand large shear forces, to prevent the screw 9 from breaking under excessive shear forces, the cooperation of the end-face key 62 and the beveled strip 63 concentrates the shear force on the end-face key 62 and the beveled strip 63, thereby improving the connection strength between the L-shaped spindle housing 1 and the hanger.

[0048] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments, the column 7 is a hollow structure, and a counterweight 71 is disposed inside the column 7. A first pulley block 72, a first connecting member 73, a second pulley block 74, and a second connecting member 75 are respectively disposed on the top of the column 7. The first connecting member 73 bypasses the first pulley block 72 and connects to the top of the counterweight 71 and the first lifting pile 311 at both ends. The second connecting member 75 bypasses the second pulley block 74 and connects to the top of the counterweight 71 and the second lifting pile 321 at both ends. The L-shaped cross-section spindle box 1 of the present invention is disposed on the side wall of the column 7 of the machine tool. The weight of the side-mounted spindle box structure is balanced by the counterweight 71 inside the column 7, as shown... Figure 1 As shown, a lifting feed drive mechanism 8 is installed at the bottom of the L-shaped spindle box 1. The lifting feed drive mechanism 8 can control the side-mounted spindle box structure to move vertically along the side wall of the column 7.

[0049] As a preferred embodiment, the first connector 73 and the second connector 75 may be configured as wire rope, lifting chain or sling.

[0050] As a preferred embodiment, the first pulley group 72 and the second pulley group 74 are configured in different directions to avoid mutual interference between the first connecting member 73 and the second connecting member 75 and to improve the performance of the machine tool.

[0051] As a preferred embodiment, such as Figure 1As shown, a balancing cylinder 37 is installed on the first hanger 31. During the horizontal feed motion of the slide 2, as the slide 2 extends, the center of gravity of the side-mounted spindle box structure gradually shifts forward, generating a forward tilting moment on the side-mounted spindle box structure. By gradually increasing the oil pressure in the balancing cylinder 37, the tension of the first connecting piece 73 also gradually increases. This tension acts on the front end of the side-mounted spindle box structure, generating a moment opposite to the forward tilting moment, thereby achieving the compensation purpose. Conversely, as the slide 2 retracts, by gradually decreasing the oil pressure in the balancing cylinder 37, the compensation force also gradually decreases, ensuring that the side-mounted spindle box structure always maintains a balanced center of gravity, thus preventing changes in the machine tool's accuracy due to center of gravity shift and improving the overall performance of the machine tool.

[0052] In a preferred embodiment, a magnetic scale is integrated in the linear guide pair 5 at the bottom of the slide ram 2, which can realize the full closed-loop position feedback of the linear feed of the slide ram 2.

[0053] As a preferred option, the L-shaped cross-section spindle housing 1 is made of high-quality cast iron.

[0054] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the implementation methods and protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should recognize that any equivalent substitutions and obvious changes made based on the content of this specification should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A structure of a side-mounted headstock of a machine tool, the machine tool including a column, characterized by, The side-hung spindle box structure comprises: An L-shaped cross-section spindle box body mounted on the side wall of the column; A ram slidably mounted on the vertical and horizontal faces inside the L-shaped cross-section spindle box body through a plurality of groups of linear guide rail pairs; A hanger comprising a first hanger and a second hanger respectively mounted on the front and rear parts of the L-shaped cross-section spindle box body, the first hanger and the second hanger each having a first lifting pile and a second lifting pile respectively mounted on the top part thereof, the first lifting pile and the second lifting pile each being arranged at a position coinciding with the center of gravity of the side-hung spindle box structure in the horizontal movement direction of the machine tool; The first hanger and the second hanger each comprise an upper horizontal plate, a lower horizontal plate and a connecting plate, the upper horizontal plate being mounted at one end on the top part of the L-shaped cross-section spindle box body, the lower horizontal plate being mounted at one end on the bottom part of the side face of the L-shaped cross-section spindle box body away from the column, and the connecting plate being fixed at both ends to the upper horizontal plate and the lower horizontal plate away from the L-shaped cross-section spindle box body; The upper horizontal plate and the lower horizontal plate are solid plates, and the connecting plate is a hollow plate, and a plurality of rib plates are welded inside the connecting plate; A groove is arranged on the side face of the L-shaped cross-section spindle box body connected to the lower horizontal plate, an end face key is arranged at the corresponding position of the L-shaped cross-section spindle box body connected to the lower horizontal plate, and an inclined inlay strip cooperating with the end face key is mounted in the groove; A balance oil cylinder is mounted on the first hanger.

2. A structure of a side-mounted headstock of a machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The linear guide rail pair comprises a linear guide rail and a sliding block, the linear guide rail is mounted on the side face and the bottom part of the ram close to the L-shaped cross-section spindle box body, and the vertical and horizontal faces inside the L-shaped cross-section spindle box body are respectively provided with sliding blocks cooperating with the linear guide rail.

3. A structure of a side-mounted headstock of a machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that, A lead screw nut seat is fixedly mounted on the bottom part of the ram, a lead screw nut is mounted on the lead screw nut seat, a ram feed lead screw cooperating with the lead screw nut and a driving mechanism are fixedly mounted on the side face of the L-shaped cross-section spindle box body away from the column, and the driving mechanism is mounted on the ram feed lead screw close to one end of the second hanger.

4. A structure of a side headstock of a machine tool according to claim 1, wherein The column is a hollow structure, a weight is arranged inside the column, a first pulley block, a first connecting piece and a second pulley block, a second connecting piece are respectively arranged on the top part of the column, the first connecting piece passes around the first pulley block and is connected at both ends to the top part of the weight and the first lifting pile, and the second connecting piece passes around the second pulley block and is connected at both ends to the top part of the weight and the second lifting pile.

5. A structure of a side headstock of a machine tool according to claim 4, wherein The first pulley block and the second pulley block are arranged in different directions.

6. A structure of a side headstock of a machine tool according to claim 2, wherein A magnetic grating ruler is integrated in the linear guide rail pair on the bottom part of the ram.

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