An air spring suspension independent cab

Abstract

The application discloses an air spring suspension independent cab, which comprises an air spring pull rod vibration isolation structure, the air spring pull rod vibration isolation structure comprises a pull rod limiting structure and a plurality of air springs, the air spring comprises a base and a top cover, the base is installed on a locomotive chassis, and the top cover is installed at the bottom of the independent cab; the pull rod limiting structure comprises a limiting rod, one end of the limiting rod is hinged to the top of the independent cab, and the other end of the limiting rod is hinged to a vertical support of the locomotive chassis. The air spring suspension independent cab can better isolate the vibration of the diesel engine set transmitted to the cab through the chassis, and the comfort of the cab is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rail vehicle technology, specifically to an air-spring suspended independent driver's cab. Background Technology

[0002] Railway diesel locomotives typically require the installation of high-power diesel generator sets. When the diesel generator set is running, the locomotive body will generate significant vibration input, which is transmitted to the driver's cab through the underframe, directly affecting the driver's vibration comfort.

[0003] Currently, to mitigate the vibrations caused by diesel generator sets, the driver's cab is installed independently, with a ball joint and spring structure added to the bottom to isolate vibrations. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the ball-joint-spring vibration isolation structure of the independent driver's cab of a diesel locomotive includes a ball-joint structure at the rear end of the cab and a spring support at the front end. To prevent excessive structural deformation of the driver's cab under track superelevation conditions, the ball-joint needs to have high rigidity, but high rigidity weakens the vibration isolation effect. With the improvement of people's living standards, drivers and passengers have increasingly higher requirements for vehicle comfort, making it imperative to reduce driver's cab vibration.

[0004] The primary goal of the vibration isolation structure is to isolate vertical vibrations transmitted through the underframe, achieving decoupling of vertical vibrations. The ball joint uses a rigid rubber bushing for limiting movement, allowing only the independent driver's cab to rotate in the vertical plane. Horizontal rotation and translation in all directions are limited by the ball joint; vertical vibration decoupling is provided by the front-end spring. The existing vibration isolation structure is simply called a ball joint-spring structure. Although it isolates some vibrations through the front driver's cab, the rigidity of the rear ball joint structure is relatively high, resulting in poor vibration isolation. Based on comparative measurements, the vibration isolation efficiency is below 20%. The ball joint-spring structure ensures the natural frequency of the independent driver's cab is around 5Hz through stiffness matching, primarily isolating the first-order (minimum 6.67Hz) vibration of the diesel generator unit. However, due to the high stiffness of the ball joint, its isolation effect on components above 20Hz is relatively poor, resulting in significant low-frequency noise transmitted to the driver's cab. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an air-spring suspended independent driver's cab, which can better isolate the vibration transmitted from the diesel generator unit to the driver's cab through the underframe and improve the comfort of the driver's cab.

[0006] To achieve the aforementioned objectives, this invention provides a spring-suspended independent driver's cab, comprising a spring-pull rod vibration isolation structure. The spring-pull rod vibration isolation structure includes several springs and a rod limiting structure, wherein the springs are disposed between the driver's cab and the locomotive underframe.

[0007] The air spring includes a base and a top cover. The base is mounted on the locomotive underframe, and the top cover is mounted on the bottom of the independent driver's cab. A mounting body is provided between the base and the top cover. A mounting hole is located at the center of the upper side of the mounting body. A mounting shaft is located on the lower side of the top cover, with its bottom end extending into the mounting hole. A vertical limiting mechanism is provided at the bottom end of the mounting shaft within the mounting hole to limit the vertical movement of the mounting shaft within the mounting hole. An annular airbag is fitted onto the mounting shaft, supporting the top cover above the mounting body through the top and sides of the annular airbag and preventing rigid contact between the top cover and the mounting body. The annular airbag is equipped with a gas pipeline for inflation and deflation.

[0008] The tie rod limiting structure includes a limiting rod, one end of which is hinged to the top of the independent driver's cab, and the other end of which is hinged to the upright of the locomotive underframe.

[0009] In the driver's cab of this invention, the air spring itself has relatively low stiffness. To suppress rigid body displacement under impact conditions, a horizontal limiting stop is installed inside the air spring to restrict the amount of displacement in the horizontal plane. Since the center of gravity of the driver's cab is higher than the plane of the air spring, it may tilt when parked on an inclined track. Therefore, a lateral tie rod is installed between the top and rear end of the driver's cab to limit the lateral translational degree of freedom, which, together with the lateral limiting mechanism of the air spring, suppresses the tilt of the driver's cab.

[0010] According to the present invention, in a spring-loaded independent driver's cab, preferably, an elastic limiting sleeve is fitted on the outer side of the mounting shaft, the elastic limiting sleeve being clamped between the mounting shaft and the mounting body to restrict the horizontal movement of the mounting shaft.

[0011] According to the present invention, in a spring-loaded independent driver's cab, preferably, an annular protrusion is provided on the upper side of the mounting body around the mounting hole, and the elastic limiting sleeve is clamped between the mounting shaft and the annular protrusion.

[0012] According to the present invention, in a preferred embodiment, the annular airbag is provided with an annular air inlet, the lower edge of the annular air inlet is installed on the outer side of the annular protrusion, and the upper edge of the annular air inlet is installed on the lower side of the top cover, forming a sealed space capable of containing gas surrounded by the lower side of the top cover, the mounting shaft, the elastic limiting sleeve, the annular protrusion and the annular airbag.

[0013] According to the present invention, in a spring-loaded independent driver's cab, preferably, the first outlet of the gas pipeline passes through the top cover and connects to the sealed space.

[0014] According to the present invention, in a spring-loaded independent driver's cab, preferably, the elastic limiting sleeve and the mounting hole of the mounting shaft sealing body form a buffer space, and the second outlet of the gas pipeline passes through the mounting shaft and connects to the buffer space.

[0015] According to the present invention, in a spring-loaded independent driver's cab, preferably, the elastic limiting sleeve is a rubber sleeve.

[0016] According to the present invention, in a spring-loaded independent driver's cab, preferably, the vertical limiting mechanism includes an adjusting bolt threaded to the bottom of the mounting shaft, and a limiting block is fixed to the upper side of the adjusting bolt.

[0017] According to the present invention, in a spring-loaded independent driver's cab, preferably, the distance the mounting shaft moves vertically within the mounting hole is limited to 3-6 mm by adjusting the adjusting bolt.

[0018] According to the air-spring suspended independent driver's cab of the present invention, preferably, it further includes a pneumatic control system and a measurement and control system; wherein...

[0019] The pneumatic control system includes an air compressor and an air cylinder. The outlet of the air compressor is connected to the first inlet and outlet of the air cylinder through a pipeline. The second inlet and outlet of the air cylinder are connected in sequence to a valve group, a solenoid valve, and a gas pipeline. The valve group includes a parallel check valve and an electronic reversing valve. The inlet pipeline of the electronic reversing valve is connected to the inlet and outlet pipelines of the air compressor, respectively. The inlet pipeline of the electronic reversing valve is also connected to the discharge pipe.

[0020] The measurement and control system includes a position sensor, a pressure sensor, and a main controller. The position sensor is used to detect the distance between the independent driver's cab and the locomotive underframe at each air spring. The pressure sensor is used to detect the gas pressure inside the air spring. The position sensor, pressure sensor, air compressor, electronic reversing valve, and solenoid valve communicate with the main controller.

[0021] The distance between the independent driver's cab and the locomotive underframe, obtained by the position sensor, represents the height of the air spring at that location. In this invention, the distance detected by the position sensor can be the distance to other components or locations, as long as it reflects the height of the air spring, it is within the protection scope of this invention.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0023] The present invention discloses an air-spring suspended independent driver's cab. The air spring is set at the bottom of the completely suspended independent driver's cab, providing overall vertical support and meeting the vertical vibration isolation requirements of the system. The tie rod is arranged at the top of the driver's cab to suppress the overall lateral movement. Through the cooperation between the tie rod and the air spring lateral limit, the rotational degree of freedom of the driver's cab in the horizontal plane can be suppressed. Through the cooperation of the air spring and tie rod structure, the degree of freedom except for the vertical translational direction can be decoupled. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other embodiments can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air spring in component A of an independent driver's cab with air spring suspension according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a side view of a spring-loaded, independent driver's cab according to the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rear structure of an air-spring suspended independent driver's cab according to the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a simplified structural diagram of a pneumatic control system for an air-spring-suspended independent driver's cab according to the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a logic control diagram of a pneumatic control system for an air-spring suspended independent driver's cab according to the present invention.

[0030] Among them, 1-base, 2-mounting body, 3-annular airbag, 4-rubber sleeve, 5-top cover, 6-gas pipeline, 7-limiting block, 8-adjusting bolt, 9-second outlet, 10-buffer space, 11-sealed space, 12-first outlet, 13-limiting rod, 14-independent driver's cab, 15-locomotive underframe, 16-upright frame, 17-annular protrusion, 18-mounting shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific examples and the accompanying drawings.

[0032] It should be noted that all uses of "first" and "second" in the embodiments of the present invention are for the purpose of distinguishing two entities or parameters with the same name but different names. It is clear that "first" and "second" are only for the convenience of expression and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention. Subsequent embodiments will not explain this in detail.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] like Figure 1-3 As shown, in this embodiment 1, a spring-suspended independent driver's cab includes a spring-pull rod vibration isolation structure. The spring-pull rod vibration isolation structure includes four springs A and a rod limiting structure. The four springs A are arranged in pairs between the independent driver's cab 14 and the locomotive underframe 15, thereby suspending the independent driver's cab 14.

[0035] Each air spring A includes a base 1 and a top cover 5. The base 1 is fixedly mounted on the locomotive underframe 15 by bolts, and the top cover 5 is mounted on the bottom of the independent driver's cab 14. A mounting body 2 is provided between the base 1 and the top cover 5. A mounting hole is provided at the center of the upper side of the mounting body 2. A mounting shaft 18 is provided on the lower side of the top cover 5. The bottom end of the mounting shaft 18 extends into the mounting hole. An adjusting bolt 8 is threadedly connected to the bottom end of the mounting shaft 18 in the mounting hole. A limit block 7 is fixed on the upper side of the adjusting bolt 8. The limit block 7 is used to restrict the bottom end of the mounting shaft 18 from coming out of the mounting hole. The setting of the adjusting bolt 8 can adjust the distance that the mounting shaft 18 moves vertically in the mounting hole. An annular protrusion 17 is provided around the mounting hole on the upper side of the mounting body 2. A rubber sleeve 4 and an annular airbag 3 are fitted on the mounting shaft 18. The rubber sleeve 4 is clamped between the annular protrusion 17 and the mounting shaft 18 to restrict the installation. The horizontal movement of shaft 18; the annular airbag 3 is provided with an annular air inlet, the lower edge of the annular air inlet is installed on the outside of the annular protrusion 17, and the upper edge of the annular air inlet is installed on the lower side of the top cover 5, forming a sealed space 11 that can accommodate gas, surrounded by the lower side of the top cover 5, the mounting shaft 18, the rubber sleeve 4, the annular protrusion 17 and the annular airbag 3; the rubber sleeve 4 and the mounting shaft 18 seal the mounting hole of the mounting body 2 to form a buffer space 10; the annular airbag 3 is equipped with a gas pipeline 6 for inflating and deflating the annular airbag 3, the first outlet 12 of the gas pipeline 6 passes through the top cover 5 and connects to the sealed space 11; the second outlet 9 of the gas pipeline 6 passes through the mounting shaft 18 and connects to the buffer space 10; the sealed space 11 and the buffer space 10 are connected through the gas pipeline 6; the top cover 5 is supported above the mounting body 2 by the top and side of the annular airbag 3 and avoids rigid contact between the top cover 5 and the mounting body 2;

[0036] The lever limiting structure includes a limiting rod 13, one end of which is hinged to the top of the independent driver's cab 14, and the other end of which is hinged to the upright 16 of the locomotive underframe 15.

[0037] This invention uses air springs to isolate vertical vibrations. The air springs, combined with the tie rod limiting structure, possess ideal inverse S-shaped nonlinear stiffness characteristics. Within the normal operating range, the stiffness is very low, while it increases sharply with larger amplitudes, effectively limiting excessive displacement of the vehicle body. The air springs also effectively absorb high-frequency vibrations and noise.

[0038] Because the human body is more sensitive to low-frequency vibrations, the lower the frequency of the vibration isolation system, the more significant its impact on the vibration of the diesel generator set, and the more significant its improvement in driver's cab comfort. The natural frequency of the independent driver's cab is reduced from 5Hz to <3Hz, and there is no rigid connection between the bottom of the driver's cab and the chassis frame, increasing the vibration isolation efficiency from less than 20% to over 80%.

[0039] Example 2

[0040] Example 2 is a spring-loaded, independent driver's cab, which is identical to Example 1 except for the following structural features:

[0041] It also includes pneumatic control systems and measurement and control systems;

[0042] The pneumatic control system includes an air compressor and an air cylinder. The outlet of the air compressor is connected to the first inlet and outlet of the air cylinder through a pipeline. The second inlet and outlet of the air cylinder are connected in sequence to a valve group, a solenoid valve, and a gas pipeline. The valve group includes a parallel check valve and an electronic directional valve. The inlet pipeline of the electronic directional valve is connected to the inlet and outlet pipelines of the air compressor, respectively. The inlet pipeline of the electronic directional valve is also connected to the discharge pipe.

[0043] The measurement and control system includes position sensors, pressure sensors, and a main controller. The position sensors are used to detect the distance between the independent driver's cab and the locomotive underframe at each air spring, and the pressure sensors are used to detect the gas pressure inside the air spring. The position sensors, pressure sensors, air compressor, electronic reversing valve, and solenoid valve are connected to the main controller for signals.

[0044] The operating status of the driver's cab is measured by position and pressure sensors, and the adjustment amount output to the solenoid valve is determined by a proportional-integral-derivative PID algorithm. The adjustment effect is determined by the feedback signal from the position sensor, ensuring that the air spring operates within the preset height range.

[0045] like Figure 4 This is a simplified structural diagram of the pneumatic control system for an air-spring-suspended independent driver's cab according to Example 2. Figure 5 This is a logic control diagram; its control logic is as follows:

[0046] (1) Determine the initial height, allowable height, and allowable angle of each air spring as input conditions for the system default parameters.

[0047] (2) When the position sensor collects the distance between the driver's cab and the locomotive underframe, it sends the data to the main controller to determine the height between the four air springs, thereby calculating the angle of the driver's cab;

[0048] (3) Determine whether the value calculated in step (2) is within the initial allowable range. If it exceeds the initial allowable range, the main controller outputs a control signal to the pneumatic control system to perform inflation / deflation operations, thereby realizing the rise / fall of the air spring and keeping the height of the air spring and the angle of the driver's cab within the design range.

[0049] The PID algorithm uses closed-loop control to avoid overshoot of the air spring and ensure that the height of the air spring is within the allowable range.

[0050] The pneumatic control system is the actuator for controlling the height of the air springs, ensuring a consistent height in the driver's cab under different load conditions. The pneumatic control system uses compressed air as its power source and obtains the air spring height through a position sensor. When the air spring height is too low, the pneumatic control system pressurizes the air spring to increase pressure and raise its height; conversely, it releases air through an electronic reversing valve to lower the air spring height.

[0051] It should be noted that the components or steps in the above embodiments can be interchanged, substituted, added, or deleted. Therefore, the combinations formed by these reasonable permutations and transformations should also fall within the protection scope of this invention, and the protection scope of this invention should not be limited to the above embodiments.

[0052] The above are exemplary embodiments disclosed in this invention. The order of the disclosed embodiments is merely for descriptive purposes and does not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments. However, it should be noted that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely exemplary and is not intended to imply that the scope of the disclosed embodiments of this invention (including the claims) is limited to these examples. Various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the scope defined by the claims. The functions, steps, and / or actions of the methods according to the disclosed embodiments described herein do not need to be performed in any particular order. Furthermore, although the elements disclosed in the embodiments of this invention may be described or claimed individually, they may be understood as multiple unless explicitly limited to a singular.

[0053] Those skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely exemplary and is not intended to imply that the scope of the invention (including the claims) is limited to these examples. Within the framework of the invention, technical features of the above embodiments or different embodiments can be combined, and many other variations of the different aspects of the invention as described above exist, which are not provided in the details for the sake of brevity. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the invention should be included within the protection scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A spring-loaded, independent driver's cab, characterized in that, The system includes a spring-loaded tie rod vibration isolation structure, which comprises a tie rod limiting structure and several springs, the springs being positioned between the independent driver's cab and the locomotive underframe; wherein... The air spring includes a base and a top cover. The base is mounted on the locomotive underframe, and the top cover is mounted on the bottom of the independent driver's cab. A mounting body is provided between the base and the top cover. A mounting hole is located at the center of the upper side of the mounting body. A mounting shaft is located on the lower side of the top cover, with its bottom end extending into the mounting hole. A vertical limiting mechanism is provided at the bottom end of the mounting shaft within the mounting hole to limit the vertical movement of the mounting shaft within the mounting hole. An annular airbag is fitted onto the mounting shaft, supporting the top cover above the mounting body through the top and sides of the annular airbag and preventing rigid contact between the top cover and the mounting body. The annular airbag is equipped with a gas pipeline for inflation and deflation. The tie rod limiting structure includes a limiting rod, one end of which is hinged to the top of the independent driver's cab, and the other end of which is hinged to the upright of the locomotive underframe. An elastic limiting sleeve is fitted on the outer side of the mounting shaft. The elastic limiting sleeve is clamped between the mounting shaft and the mounting body to limit the horizontal movement of the mounting shaft. The upper side of the mounting body is provided with an annular protrusion around the mounting hole, and the elastic limiting sleeve is clamped between the mounting shaft and the annular protrusion. The annular airbag is provided with an annular air inlet. The lower edge of the annular air inlet is installed on the outside of the annular protrusion, and the upper edge of the annular air inlet is installed on the lower side of the top cover, forming a sealed space that can contain gas, surrounded by the lower side of the top cover, the mounting shaft, the elastic limiting sleeve, the annular protrusion and the annular airbag. The first outlet of the gas pipeline passes through the top cover and connects to the sealed space; The elastic limiting sleeve and the mounting shaft seal the mounting hole of the mounting body to form a buffer space, and the second outlet of the gas pipeline passes through the mounting shaft and connects to the buffer space.

2. The air-spring suspended independent driver's cab according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic limiting sleeve is a rubber sleeve.

3. The air-spring suspended independent driver's cab according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vertical limiting mechanism includes an adjusting bolt threaded to the bottom of the mounting shaft, and a limiting block is fixed to the upper side of the adjusting bolt.

4. A spring-loaded independent driver's cab according to claim 3, characterized in that, The distance the mounting shaft can move vertically within the mounting hole is limited to 3-6 mm by adjusting the adjusting bolt.

5. A spring-loaded independent driver's cab according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, It also includes pneumatic control systems and measurement and control systems; among which, The pneumatic control system includes an air compressor and an air cylinder. The outlet of the air compressor is connected to the first inlet and outlet of the air cylinder through a pipeline. The second inlet and outlet of the air cylinder are connected in sequence to a valve group, a solenoid valve, and a gas pipeline. The valve group includes a parallel check valve and an electronic directional valve. The inlet pipeline of the electronic directional valve is connected to the inlet and outlet pipelines of the air compressor, respectively. The inlet pipeline of the electronic directional valve is also connected to the discharge pipe. The measurement and control system includes a position sensor, a pressure sensor, and a main controller. The position sensor is used to detect the distance between the independent driver's cab and the locomotive underframe at each air spring. The pressure sensor is used to detect the gas pressure inside the air spring. The position sensor, pressure sensor, air compressor, electronic reversing valve, and solenoid valve communicate with the main controller.

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