A segmented harvesting device and control method suitable for tall crops

Abstract

The present invention provides a segmented harvesting device and control method suitable for tall crops, including a cutting device, a conveying and clamping device, a top cutting and diverting device, and a bottom cutting and crushing device; two groups of the cutting devices are symmetrically arranged in front of the conveying and clamping device, and the two groups of cutting devices move in opposite directions to cut and harvest the crops and enter the conveying and clamping device from between the two cutting devices; the top cutting and diverting device is located above and behind the conveying and clamping device, and is used to cut and divert the top of the crop stem; the bottom cutting and crushing device is located below and behind the conveying and clamping device, and is used to cut and crush the bottom of the crop stem. The present invention can achieve segmented harvesting of tall crops, the cut crop tail is conveyed to the bottom to be crushed and thrown back to the field, and the cut crop top can enter the top material box or be crushed and returned to the field along the drainage plate, and the middle section is stacked in the middle end material box through subsequent baling, which is particularly suitable for tall crops such as sugarcane and reeds.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery and equipment, and in particular relates to a segmented harvesting device suitable for high-stem crops and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Tall crops include reeds, sugarcane, sorghum, etc. Although there are special sugarcane combine harvesters, their structures are relatively complex and their costs are very high. Reeds are mostly harvested by modifying traditional harvesters, while sorghum is harvested by traditional rice and wheat harvesters. However, this will result in the overall harvesting height of traditional harvesters being insufficient, resulting in large losses. In addition, for crops like sorghum, not only can their seeds be used as food, but their stems can also be used as raw materials for manufacturing objects. However, when traditional tall crop harvesters harvest crops, they mostly harvest the entire stalk. After harvesting, the top and tail are either directly crushed to cause waste, or require additional processing, which greatly increases the harvesting cost and reduces the harvesting quality. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above technical problems, one object of the present invention is to provide a segmented harvesting device suitable for tall crops, which can realize segmented harvesting of tall crops and improve harvesting efficiency and quality. Another object of the present invention is to provide a control method for the segmented harvesting device suitable for tall crops.

[0004] Note that the description of these objectives does not prevent the existence of other objectives. One embodiment of the present invention does not need to achieve all of the above objectives. Objectives other than the above objectives can be extracted from the description of the specification, drawings, and claims.

[0005] The present invention achieves the above technical objectives through the following technical means.

[0006] A segmented harvesting device suitable for tall crops, comprising a cutting device, a conveying and clamping device, a top cutting and guiding device, and a bottom cutting and crushing device;

[0007] The two groups of cutting devices are symmetrically arranged in front of the conveying and clamping device. The two groups of cutting devices move in opposite directions to cut and harvest the crops and enter the conveying and clamping device from between the two cutting devices.

[0008] The top cutting and diverting device is located above and behind the conveying and clamping device, and is used to cut and divert the top of the crop stem;

[0009] The bottom cutting and crushing device is located at the rear and lower part of the conveying and clamping device, and is used for cutting and crushing the bottom of the crop stems.

[0010] In the above scheme, the cutting device includes a first disc cutter, a first driving device, a chain, a sprocket, a transmission shaft and a lateral transmission device;

[0011] Multiple first disc cutters are installed on a chain, and each first disc cutter is provided with a first driving device, which is used to drive the first disc cutter to rotate; the chain is located below the horizontal shifting device, the chain is meshed with a sprocket, the sprocket is connected to one end of the transmission shaft, and the other end of the transmission shaft is connected to the shifting device.

[0012] Furthermore, the lateral shifting device includes a second driving device, a shifting device driving pulley, a lower shifting tooth, an upper shifting tooth, a shifting device fixing bracket, and a shifting device belt;

[0013] The upper part of the conveying device belt is provided with a plurality of upper conveying teeth, and the lower part is provided with a plurality of lower conveying teeth, and the positions of the upper conveying teeth and the lower conveying teeth correspond to each other; the inner side of the conveying device belt contacts with the conveying device transmission pulley, and the conveying device transmission pulley is connected to the other end of the transmission shaft, and the second driving device is connected to the conveying device transmission pulley, and the second driving device is used to drive the conveying device transmission pulley to drive the conveying device belt to rotate, thereby driving the lower conveying teeth and the upper conveying teeth to move laterally; the second driving device is also used to transmit power to the sprocket through the transmission shaft to drive the chain to rotate, thereby driving the first disc cutter to rotate laterally.

[0014] In the above scheme, the top cutting guide device includes a second disc cutter, a third driving device, a lever wheel, a support frame, a material conveying plate, and a guide plate;

[0015] The second disc cutter, the third driving device, the lever wheel, the material conveying plate and the drainage plate are respectively installed on the support frame; the second disc cutter is located above and behind the conveying clamping device, the second disc cutter is connected to the third driving device, the third driving device drives the second disc cutter to rotate to cut the top of the crop, the lever wheel is located above the second disc cutter, and the lever wheel is connected to the lever wheel driving mechanism; the material conveying plate is located behind the second disc cutter, and the drainage plate is located on the side of the material conveying plate, and the material conveying plate is used to convey the material cut by the second disc cutter to the drainage plate.

[0016] Furthermore, the support frame is a liftable support frame.

[0017] In the above solution, a crushing mechanism or a material box is connected below the guide plate.

[0018] In the above scheme, the bottom cutting and crushing device includes a bottom material conveyor belt, a bottom material conveyor belt pulley, a crushing knife group, a crushing knife group driving device, a pulley driving device and a third disc cutter;

[0019] The third disc cutter is located at the lower rear of the conveying and clamping device and is used for cutting the bottom of the crop. The bottom material conveyor belt is located at the lower front of the third disc cutter. The crushing knife group is located in front of the bottom material conveyor belt. The crushing knife group driving device is connected to the crushing knife group. The inner side of the bottom material conveyor belt contacts the bottom material conveyor belt pulley, and the bottom material conveyor belt pulley is connected to the crushing knife group driving device. The bottom material conveyor belt is used to transport the material cut by the third disc cutter to the crushing knife group, and the crushing knife group crushes the material.

[0020] The above scheme also includes a control system and a detection mechanism;

[0021] The detection mechanism includes a first speed sensor, a second speed sensor and a third speed sensor. The first speed sensor is used to measure the speed of the first disc cutter, the second speed sensor is used to measure the speed of the transmission shaft, and the third speed sensor is used to measure the forward speed of the harvester. The first speed sensor, the second speed sensor and the third speed sensor are respectively connected to the control system and transmit the detection values ​​to the control system. The control system compares the detection values ​​of the speed of the first disc cutter and the speed of the transmission shaft with preset values. When the detection value is not equal to the preset value, the first drive device is controlled to adjust the speed of the first disc cutter, and the second drive device is controlled to adjust the speed of the sprocket.

[0022] Furthermore, the preset value of the control system is calculated by the following speed matching mathematical model:

[0023]

[0024]

[0025] Where n1 is the preset value of the rotation speed of the first disc cutter, n2 is the preset value of the rotation speed of the sprocket, V m is the forward speed of the harvester, α is the stalk proportional factor, R is the crop stalk radius, r is the radius of the first disc cutter, r0 is the stalk radius of rice and wheat crops, and r1 is the radius of the sprocket.

[0026] A control method for the segmented harvesting device suitable for tall crops comprises the following steps:

[0027] The first disc cutter of the cutting device moves in the reverse direction to cut the crop, and the upper and lower teeth laterally transfer the cut crop to the conveying and clamping device;

[0028] The second disc cutter of the top cutting and diversion device cuts the top of the crop stem, and the lever wheel sends the cut material to the material conveying plate, and the material conveying plate conveys the material to the diversion plate, and the diversion plate completes the diversion of the material;

[0029] The bottom cutting and crushing device cuts and crushes the bottom of the crop stems;

[0030] The first speed sensor of the detection mechanism measures the speed of the first disc cutter, the second speed sensor measures the speed of the transmission shaft, and the third speed sensor measures the forward speed of the harvester, and transmits the detection value to the control system. The control system compares the detection value of the speed of the first disc cutter and the speed of the transmission shaft with the preset value. When the detection value is not equal to the preset value, the first drive device is controlled to adjust the speed of the first disc cutter, and the second drive device is controlled to adjust the speed of the sprocket.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0032] 1. The present invention can realize segmented harvesting, remove the bottom and top of the crop, and tie a knot in the middle section, which is beneficial to the subsequent bundling and stacking, greatly shortening the subsequent working time, and helping to solve the problem that when traditional high-stalk crop harvesters harvest crops, most of them are harvested as whole stalks, and the top and tail after harvesting need to be processed separately, which greatly increases the harvesting cost and reduces the harvesting quality.

[0033] 2. The cutting devices of the present invention all adopt disc cutters, and the first disc cutter can realize self-rotation to adjust the speed, and the first disc cutter "revolves" with the horizontal transmission device. The self-rotation and "revolution" can realize separate speed regulation to adapt to the harvesting requirements of different crops, which is beneficial to ensure the cutting effect.

[0034] 3. The bottom cutting and crushing device of the present invention is designed and installed with a bottom material conveyor belt and a crushing knife group. The bottom stems are conveyed to the crushing knife group and directly crushed and then thrown back into the field. In particular, stems with a high sugar content such as sugarcane can be directly crushed and returned to the field as organic nutrients, which is also beneficial to environmental protection.

[0035] 4. After the top cutting and diversion device of the present invention cuts the top of the tall crops, it can be drained to a designated location through a drainage plate, such as a crushing mechanism or a material box, for crushing and spreading, or collected as raw materials. For example, the reed flowers at the top of the reed can be collected to make pillow cores, and the sugarcane heads can be crushed and scattered, or collected to make feed, etc.

[0036] 5. The present invention can adjust the rotation speed and "revolution" speed of the first disc cutter according to the speed matching mathematical model, so as to achieve high-efficiency harvesting of crops, avoid missed harvesting due to the fast or slow forward speed of the harvester, and secondly avoid the increase in harvest loss rate due to the cutter speed being too low to cut off the crop stems.

[0037] Note that the description of these effects does not prevent the existence of other effects. One embodiment of the present invention does not necessarily have all of the above effects. Effects other than the above can be clearly seen and extracted from the description of the specification, drawings, claims, etc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a high-stem crop segmented harvesting device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a pair of disc cutters moving in opposite directions according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a top cutting guide device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 It is a partial schematic diagram of the structure of a top cutting guide device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of a bottom cutting and crushing device according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of vertical installation of a shifting tooth and a first disc cutter according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of speed regulation according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a speed regulation process according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] 1. Cutting device; 101. First disc cutter; 102. First driving device; 103. Chain; 104. Sprocket; 105. Transmission shaft; 106. Second driving device; 107. Transmission belt pulley of the transmission device; 108. Lower transmission gear; 109. Upper transmission gear; 110. Transmission device fixing bracket; 111. Transmission device belt; 2. Conveying clamping device; 3. Top cutting guide device; 301. Second disc cutter; 302. Third driving device; 303. Transmission lever wheel; 304. 04. Support frame; 305. Material conveying plate; 306. Reed wheel driving mechanism; 307. Drainage plate; 4. Bottom cutting and crushing device; 5. Knotter; 401. Bottom material conveying belt; 402. Bottom material conveying belt pulley; 403. Crushing knife group; 404. Crushing knife group driving device; 405. Pulley driving device; 406. Third disc cutter; 601. First speed sensor, 602. Second speed sensor, 603. Third speed sensor, 604. Control system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0048] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "front", "back", "left", "right", "up", "down", "axial", "radial", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0049] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0050] like Figure 1 The figure shows a preferred embodiment of the segmented harvesting device suitable for tall crops of the present invention, which comprises a cutting device 1, a conveying and clamping device 2, a top cutting and diverting device 3 and a bottom cutting and crushing device 4; two groups of the cutting devices 1 are symmetrically arranged in front of the conveying and clamping device 2, and the two groups of cutting devices 1 move in opposite directions to cut and harvest crops and enter the conveying and clamping device 2 from between the two cutting devices 1; the top cutting and diverting device 3 is located at the upper rear of the conveying and clamping device 2, and is used to cut and divert the top of the crop stems; the bottom cutting and crushing device 4 is located at the lower rear of the conveying and clamping device 2, and is used to cut and crush the bottom of the crop stems.

[0051] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the cutter on the left side of the cutting device 1 moves counterclockwise, and the cutter on the right side moves clockwise. The crop is first cut upright by the cutting device 1 and then transported to the rear of the cutting table by the conveying and clamping device 2. After the stalk reaches the rear of the cutting table, the top cutting and guide device 3 cuts the top of the stalk and sends it backward to the conveyor belt, and then it is drained to the material box for recovery or crushing and throwing through the drainage plate. At the same time, the bottom cutting and crushing device 4 cuts the bottom at the root, and the cut material is transported downward and crushed and thrown. Finally, the middle section of the stalk is knotted under the action of the knotter 5 to facilitate stacking in subsequent processes.

[0052] like Figure 2 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a pair of cutting devices 1 moving in opposite directions. Taking the left part of the cutting device 1 as an example, the cutting device 1 comprises a first disc cutter 101, a first driving device 102, a chain 103, a sprocket 104, a transmission shaft 105 and a transverse transmission device; a plurality of the first disc cutters 101 are mounted on the chain 103, each of the first disc cutters 101 is respectively provided with a first driving device 102, and the first driving device 102 is used to drive the first disc cutter 101 to rotate; the chain 103 is located below the transverse transmission device, the chain 103 is meshed with the sprocket 104, the sprocket 104 is connected to one end of the transmission shaft 105, and the other end of the transmission shaft 105 is connected to the transmission device.

[0053] The lateral shifting device comprises a second driving device 106, a shifting device driving pulley 107, a lower shifting tooth 108, an upper shifting tooth 109, a shifting device fixing bracket 110, and a shifting device belt 111; the upper portion of the shifting device belt 111 is provided with a plurality of upper shifting teeth 109, and the lower portion is provided with a plurality of lower shifting teeth 108, and the positions of the upper shifting teeth 109 and the lower shifting teeth 108 correspond to each other; the inner side of the shifting device belt 111 contacts the shifting device driving pulley 107, and the shifting device driving belt The wheel 107 is connected to the other end of the transmission shaft 105, and the second driving device 106 is connected to the transmission pulley 107 of the sending device. The second driving device 106 is used to drive the transmission pulley 107 of the sending device to drive the sending device belt 111 to rotate, thereby driving the lower shifting tooth 108 and the upper shifting tooth 109 to move laterally; the second driving device 106 is also used to transmit power to the sprocket 104 through the transmission shaft 105 to drive the chain 103 to rotate, thereby driving the first disc cutter 101 to rotate laterally.

[0054] The crop stems are cut by the first disc cutter 101, and the lower teeth 108 and the upper teeth 109 support the stems. The first disc cutter 101 is installed on the chain 103 that moves in a circular motion. As the chain 103 rotates, each first disc cutter 101 is installed with a first driving device 102. The first disc cutter 101 is driven by a separate driving device, and can achieve speed-adjustable cutting to adapt to the cutting of different stem crops to ensure a good harvesting effect. The second driving device 106 can achieve speed regulation of the lateral transmission device. Since the sprocket 104 is connected to the transmission device drive pulley 107 through the transmission shaft 105, that is, the sprocket 104 moves at the same speed as the lateral transmission device, the lateral transmission device can be fixedly installed on the cutting table through the transmission device fixing bracket 110.

[0055] like Figure 3 and 4 As shown, the top cutting guide device 3 includes a second disc cutter 301, a third driving device 302, a lever wheel 303, a support frame 304, a material conveying plate 305, and a guide plate 307; the second disc cutter 301, the third driving device 302, the lever wheel 303, the material conveying plate 305, and the guide plate 307 are respectively installed on the support frame 304; the second disc cutter 301 is located at the upper rear of the conveying clamping device 2, and the second disc cutter 301 and the third driving device 302 are connected. The third driving device 302 drives the second disc cutter 301 to rotate to cut the top of the crop. The lever wheel 303 is located above the second disc cutter 301, and the lever wheel 303 is connected to the lever wheel driving mechanism 306; the material conveying plate 305 is located behind the second disc cutter 301, and the guide plate 307 is located on the side of the material conveying plate 305. The material conveying plate 305 is used to convey the material cut by the second disc cutter 301 to the guide plate 307.

[0056] When the crop stems are transported to the tail end of the conveying and clamping device 2, the second disc cutter 301 in the top cutting and guiding device 3 cuts the top stems. During the cutting process, in order to ensure that the materials smoothly enter the rear material conveying plate 305, the top of the crop is transported by the lever wheel 303. The third driving device 302 can adjust the speed of the second disc cutter 301 to adapt to crops with different stems to ensure a good harvesting effect. The entire top cutting device is installed on the cutting platform through a support frame 304. Preferably, the support frame 304 is a liftable support frame to adapt to crops of different heights. After the top stem is cut, it is pushed to the material conveying plate 305 by the lever wheel 303, and under the action of the material conveying plate 305, it is transported to the drainage plate 307. Preferably, the drainage plate 307 can be connected to a crushing mechanism or a top collection box under it, depending on the requirements of different crops. Taking reeds as an example, the reed flowers cut at the top can be drained to a separate collection box for collection, and can be used for pillow core making later. Taking sugarcane as an example, after the top is cut, it is drained to the crushing mechanism, and after being crushed and scattered back to the field, it becomes organic nutrients for the second season of sugarcane.

[0057] like Figure 5 As shown, the bottom cutting and crushing device 4 includes a bottom material conveyor belt 401, a bottom material conveyor belt pulley 402, a crushing knife group 403, a crushing knife group driving device 404, a pulley driving device 405 and a third disc cutter 406; the third disc cutter 406 is located at the rear and lower part of the conveying and clamping device 2, and is used to cut the bottom of the crop, the bottom material conveyor belt 401 is located in front and lower of the third disc cutter 406, the crushing knife group 403 is located in front of the bottom material conveyor belt 401, the crushing knife group driving device 404 is connected to the crushing knife group 403, the inner side of the bottom material conveyor belt 401 is in contact with the bottom material conveyor belt pulley 402, and the bottom material conveyor belt pulley 402 is connected to the crushing knife group driving device 404; the bottom material conveyor belt 401 is used to convey the material cut by the third disc cutter 406 to the crushing knife group 403, and the crushing knife group 403 crushes the material.

[0058] When the crop stems are transported to the tail end of the conveying and clamping device 2, the third disc cutter 406 cuts the bottom of the crop stems straight, and the cut stems are transported to the crushing knife group 403 through the bottom material conveyor belt 401 for crushing and scattering. The bottom material conveyor belt 401 is driven by the bottom material conveyor belt pulley 402, and the pulley drive device 405 is used to adjust the rotation speed of the bottom material conveyor belt 401, and the crushing knife group drive device 404 is used to adjust the rotation speed of the crushing knife group 403.

[0059] like Figure 6The figure shows a schematic diagram of the vertical installation of the lower shifting teeth 108, the upper shifting teeth 109 and the first disc cutter 101. The crop stems are transported and cut upright, making it less likely for the crops to fall over, which is more conducive to the efficient harvesting of tall crops.

[0060] like Figure 7 As shown, it also includes a control system 604 and a detection mechanism; the detection mechanism includes a first speed sensor 601, a second speed sensor 602 and a third speed sensor 603, the first speed sensor 601 is used to measure the speed of the first disc cutter 101, the second speed sensor 602 is used to measure the speed of the transmission shaft 105, and the third speed sensor 603 is used to measure the forward speed of the harvester; the first speed sensor 601, the second speed sensor 602 and the third speed sensor 603 are respectively connected to the control system 604, and the detection values ​​are transmitted to the control system 604, the control system 604 compares the detection values ​​of the speed of the first disc cutter 101 and the speed of the transmission shaft 105 with the preset values, when the detection value is not equal to the preset value, the first drive device 102 is controlled to adjust the speed of the first disc cutter 101, and the second drive device 106 is controlled to adjust the speed of the sprocket 104.

[0061] like Figure 8 As shown, it is a schematic diagram of the process of adjusting the rotation speed of the first disc cutter 101 and the rotation speed of the sprocket 104 according to the crop characteristics of the high-stalk crop harvesting platform. When harvesting traditional rice and wheat crops, the rotation speed of the cutter is:

[0062]

[0063] Among them, V m is the forward speed of the harvester, V a is the linear velocity of the first disc cutter 101, and R is the radius of the crop stem, which can be averaged by sampling and measurement. a =2πn1r, where r is the radius of the first disc cutter 101, that is,

[0064]

[0065] Since the tall crops to be harvested are sugarcane, reeds, etc., whose stems are thicker than those of ordinary rice and wheat crops, a proportional correction is made to the rotation speed, and a stem proportional factor α is introduced, namely:

[0066]

[0067] Wherein, n1 is the preset value of the rotation speed of the first disc cutter 101, r0 is the radius of the stem of a general rice or wheat crop. Preferably, r0 is 0.5-1 cm. In order to ensure uniform force transmission and cutting of the crop stem, the horizontal conveying line speed must be equal to the line speed of the disc cutter, that is, V a＝ V b , where V b is the linear speed of the transverse conveying device.

[0068] That is: given V a =2πn1r, assuming that the radius of the sprocket 104 of the transverse transmission device is r1, then V a =V b =2πn1r=2πn2r1, the rotation speed of the sprocket 104 of the transverse transmission device at this time can be obtained When harvesting crops, the disc cutter speed is mainly adjusted according to the crops, and then the horizontal feeding device speed is calculated based on the calculated disc cutter speed, that is, the following equation is obtained:

[0069]

[0070] The specific process is that first, the control system 604 measures the rotation speed of each component of the first rotation speed sensor 601, the second rotation speed sensor 602 and the third rotation speed sensor 603, and then compares the detected value with the preset value n1 of the rotation speed of the first disc cutter 101 at this time, and finally outputs the corresponding signal through the control system 604 to adjust each drive device to ensure that the cutter cuts the crop according to the rotation speed of the speed matching mathematical model, and finally ensures that the linear speed of the horizontal feeding device is consistent with the linear speed of the first disc cutter 101, thereby ensuring the harvesting efficiency.

[0071] The preset value in the control system 604 is calculated by the following speed matching mathematical model:

[0072]

[0073]

[0074] Wherein, n1 is the preset value of the rotation speed of the first disc cutter 101, n2 is the preset value of the rotation speed of the sprocket 104, V m is the forward speed of the harvester, α is the stem proportional factor, R is the crop stem radius, r is the radius of the first disc cutter 101 , r0 is the stem radius of the rice and wheat crops, and r1 is the radius of the sprocket 104 .

[0075] A control method for the segmented harvesting device suitable for tall crops comprises the following steps:

[0076] The first disc cutter 101 of the cutting device 1 moves in the reverse direction to cut the crop, and the upper shifting teeth 109 and the lower shifting teeth 108 shift the cut crop laterally to the conveying and clamping device 2; the second disc cutter 301 of the top cutting and diverting device 3 cuts the top of the crop stem, and the shifting rod wheel 303 shifts the cut material to the material conveying plate 305, and the material conveying plate 305 conveys the material to the diversion plate 307, and the diversion plate 307 completes the diversion of the material; the bottom cutting and crushing device 4 cuts and crushes the bottom of the crop stem; the detection machine The first speed sensor 601 measures the speed of the first disc cutter 101, the second speed sensor 602 measures the speed of the transmission shaft 105, and the third speed sensor 603 measures the forward speed of the harvester, and transmits the detection value to the control system 604. The control system 604 compares the detection value of the speed of the first disc cutter 101 and the speed of the transmission shaft 105 with the preset value. When the detection value is not equal to the preset value, the first drive device 102 is controlled to adjust the speed of the first disc cutter 101, and the second drive device 106 is controlled to adjust the speed of the sprocket 104.

[0077] The present invention can realize the segmented harvesting of tall crops. Through the bottom cutting and crushing device 4, the cut crop tail is transported to the bottom for crushing and throwing back to the field, and the crop top can enter the top material box or be crushed and returned to the field along the drainage plate 307 after being cut by the top cutting and guide device 3. The middle section is subsequently baled and stacked in the middle end material box. The invention is particularly suitable for tall crops such as sugarcane and reeds.

[0078] It should be understood that although this specification is described according to various embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0079] The series of detailed descriptions listed above are only specific descriptions of feasible embodiments of the present invention. They are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent embodiments or changes that do not deviate from the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A segmented harvesting device suitable for tall crops, characterized in that: It comprises a cutting device (1), a conveying and clamping device (2), a top cutting and guiding device (3) and a bottom cutting and crushing device (4); The two groups of cutting devices (1) are symmetrically arranged in front of the conveying and clamping device (2); the two groups of cutting devices (1) move in opposite directions to cut and harvest the crops and enter the conveying and clamping device (2) from between the two cutting devices (1); The top cutting and diverting device (3) is located above and behind the conveying and clamping device (2) and is used to cut and divert the top of the crop stem; The bottom cutting and crushing device (4) is located at the rear and lower part of the conveying and clamping device (2) and is used to cut and crush the bottom of the crop stems; The cutting device (1) comprises a first disc cutter (101), a first driving device (102), a chain (103), a sprocket (104), a transmission shaft (105) and a transverse transmission device; A plurality of the first disc cutters (101) are mounted on a chain (103), each of the first disc cutters (101) being provided with a first driving device (102), the first driving device (102) being used to drive the first disc cutter (101) to rotate; the chain (103) is located below the transverse transmission device, the chain (103) is meshed with a sprocket (104), the sprocket (104) is connected to one end of a transmission shaft (105), and the other end of the transmission shaft (105) is connected to the transmission device; The lateral shifting device comprises a second driving device (106), a shifting device driving pulley (107), a lower shifting tooth (108), an upper shifting tooth (109), a shifting device fixing bracket (110), and a shifting device belt (111); The upper portion of the conveying device belt (111) is provided with a plurality of upper teeth (109), and the lower portion is provided with a plurality of lower teeth (108), and the positions of the upper teeth (109) and the lower teeth (108) correspond to each other; the inner side of the conveying device belt (111) contacts the conveying device drive pulley (107), the conveying device drive pulley (107) is connected to the other end of the transmission shaft (105), and the second driving device (106) is connected to the conveying device drive pulley (107), and the second driving device (106) is used to drive the conveying device drive pulley (107) to drive the conveying device belt (111) to rotate, thereby driving the lower teeth (108) and the upper teeth (109) to move laterally; the second driving device (106) is also used to transmit power to the sprocket (104) through the transmission shaft (105) to drive the chain (103) to rotate, thereby driving the first disc cutter (101) to rotate laterally; The top cutting and guiding device (3) comprises a second disc cutter (301), a third driving device (302), a lever wheel (303), a support frame (304), a material conveying plate (305), and a guiding plate (307); The second disc cutter (301), the third driving device (302), the lever wheel (303), the material conveying plate (305), and the drainage plate (307) are respectively mounted on the support frame (304); the second disc cutter (301) is located above and behind the conveying clamping device (2); the second disc cutter (301) is connected to the third driving device (302); the third driving device (302) drives the second disc cutter (301) to rotate to cut the top of the crop; the lever wheel (303) is located above the second disc cutter (301); the lever wheel (303) is connected to the straw driving mechanism (306); the material conveying plate (305) is located behind the second disc cutter (301); the drainage plate (307) is located on the side of the material conveying plate (305); the material conveying plate (305) is used to convey the material cut by the second disc cutter (301) to the drainage plate (307); The first disc cutter (101) of the cutting device (1) moves in the reverse direction to cut the crop, and the upper shifting teeth (109) and the lower shifting teeth (108) shift the cut crop laterally to the conveying and clamping device (2); The second disc cutter (301) of the top cutting and diverting device (3) cuts the top of the crop stem, the lever wheel (303) sends the cut material to the material conveying plate (305), the material conveying plate (305) conveys the material to the diversion plate (307), and the diversion plate (307) completes the diversion of the material; The machine also includes a control system (604) and a detection mechanism; the detection mechanism includes a first rotation speed sensor (601), a second rotation speed sensor (602) and a third rotation speed sensor (603); the first rotation speed sensor (601) is used to measure the rotation speed of the first disc cutter (101); the second rotation speed sensor (602) is used to measure the rotation speed of the transmission shaft (105); and the third rotation speed sensor (603) is used to measure the forward speed of the harvester; the first rotation speed sensor (601), the second rotation speed sensor (602) and the third rotation speed sensor (603) are respectively connected to the control system (604) and transmit the detection values ​​to the control system (604); the control system (604) compares the detection values ​​of the rotation speed of the first disc cutter (101) and the rotation speed of the transmission shaft (105) with theoretical values; when the detection values ​​are not equal to the preset values, the first driving device (102) is controlled to adjust the rotation speed of the first disc cutter (101); and the second driving device (106) is controlled to adjust the rotation speed of the sprocket (104); The preset value of the control system (604) is calculated by the following speed matching mathematical model: ； in, n 1 is a preset value of the rotation speed of the first disc cutter (101), n 2 is the preset value of the rotation speed of the sprocket (104), V m is the forward speed of the harvester, is the stem scale factor, R is the crop stem radius, r is the radius of the first disc cutter (101), r 0 is the stem radius of rice and wheat crops, r 1 is the radius of the sprocket (104).

2. The segmented harvesting device suitable for tall crops according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support frame (304) is a liftable support frame.

3. The segmented harvesting device suitable for tall crops according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide plate (307) is connected below a crushing mechanism or a material box.

4. The segmented harvesting device suitable for tall crops according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom cutting and crushing device (4) comprises a bottom material conveying belt (401), a bottom material conveying belt pulley (402), a crushing knife group (403), a crushing knife group driving device (404), a pulley driving device (405) and a third disc cutting knife (406); The third disc cutter (406) is located at the lower rear of the conveying and clamping device (2) and is used to cut the bottom of the crop; the bottom material conveyor belt (401) is located at the lower front of the third disc cutter (406); the crushing knife group (403) is located in front of the bottom material conveyor belt (401); the crushing knife group driving device (404) is connected to the crushing knife group (403); the inner side of the bottom material conveyor belt (401) is in contact with the bottom material conveyor belt pulley (402); the bottom material conveyor belt pulley (402) is connected to the crushing knife group driving device (404); the bottom material conveyor belt (401) is used to convey the material cut by the third disc cutter (406) to the crushing knife group (403); and the crushing knife group (403) crushes the material.

5. A control method for a segmented harvesting device suitable for tall crops according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The first disc cutter (101) of the cutting device (1) moves in the reverse direction to cut the crop, and the upper shifting teeth (109) and the lower shifting teeth (108) shift the cut crop laterally to the conveying and clamping device (2); The second disc cutter (301) of the top cutting and diverting device (3) cuts the top of the crop stem, the lever wheel (303) sends the cut material to the material conveying plate (305), the material conveying plate (305) conveys the material to the diversion plate (307), and the diversion plate (307) completes the diversion of the material; The bottom cutting and crushing device (4) cuts and crushes the bottom of the crop stems; The first speed sensor (601) of the detection mechanism measures the speed of the first disc cutter (101), the second speed sensor (602) measures the speed of the transmission shaft (105), and the third speed sensor (603) measures the forward speed of the harvester, and transmits the detection values ​​to the control system (604). The control system (604) compares the detection values ​​of the speed of the first disc cutter (101) and the speed of the transmission shaft (105) with preset values. When the detection values ​​are not equal to the preset values, the first driving device (102) is controlled to adjust the speed of the first disc cutter (101), and the second driving device (106) is controlled to adjust the speed of the sprocket (104).

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