Device and method for simulating underground root growth in karst areas

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of simulation experiment technology, and discloses a device and method for simulating underground root growth in karst areas. The device comprises a groundwater simulation layer disposed within a water tank, wherein a water circulation mechanism is provided within the water tank so that the groundwater simulation layer simulates the flow of groundwater; a rock-soil mixture layer disposed within the tank, wherein the top and bottom surfaces of the tank are both open, and the bottom surface of the tank is provided with a communication mechanism, and the tank is connected to the inner cavity of the water tank via the communication mechanism so that the rock-soil mixture layer and the groundwater simulation layer are connected; a simulation chamber for filling the rock-soil mixture layer; a plurality of simulated karst caves, wherein the plurality of simulated karst caves are spaced apart within the rock-soil mixture layer; and a vegetation simulation layer, wherein the vegetation simulation layer is provided on the top surface of the rock-soil mixture layer. The present invention simulates the influence of different karst bedrock crack widths and crack directions on the underground root growth changes, thereby achieving accurate dynamic monitoring of plant root growth in two-dimensional and three-dimensional structures in karst areas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of simulation experiments, and in particular to a device and method for simulating underground root growth in karst areas. Background Art

[0002] Roots are the primary water-absorbing organs of plants, continuously acquiring nutrients and water from the soil in their habitat. Their morphology and distribution directly reflect how plants use their sites and play a decisive role in plant growth. They also directly participate in two major ecological processes: material cycling and energy flow within the soil. They are crucial for improving soil structure, developing fertility, and enhancing soil productivity. They also serve as the sole bridge for material and energy exchange between vegetation and the soil. The unique geological conditions and physiographic features of karst regions create a two-dimensional and three-dimensional structure above and below ground. The complex habitats, the development of underground fissures, and the downward movement of surface soil in karst regions create a heterogeneous subsurface space. Plant roots not only exist on the surface and in the soil but also grow and distribute within the complex, multi-layered spaces formed by the various rock masses below. This two-dimensional and three-dimensional structure in karst regions significantly influences plant root growth. Rock exposure and spatial variations in underground fissures drive the distribution of soil and plant roots. Therefore, in-depth research on the underground distribution and growth characteristics of roots in karst regions is a key and challenging issue for researchers in this region.

[0003] Currently, research on plant root growth and its interaction with the underground environment, both domestically and internationally, typically involves field soil sampling or the deployment of root growth monitoring systems. However, in karst areas, due to their unique geological structure and developmental characteristics, a two- or three-layered surface karst zone forms beneath the surface, distinct from other environments. Plant roots are distributed within rock crevices beneath the thin soil layer, even within the groundwater layer. Consequently, it is difficult to observe and collect complete root samples during root studies. Currently, research on plant root growth and development characteristics and plant stress tolerance in karst areas typically relies on direct field observation and sampling, as well as controlled laboratory experiments. However, field observation and sampling are difficult to control, and while conventional controlled laboratory experiments can provide controlled experimental conditions, they fail to simulate the rock and water layers beneath the soil, often resulting in significant deviations from reality. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and method for simulating underground root growth in karst areas to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides a device and method for simulating underground root growth in karst areas, comprising:

[0006] A groundwater simulation layer is provided in a water tank, wherein a water circulation mechanism is provided in the water tank so that the groundwater simulation layer simulates the flow of groundwater;

[0007] A rock-soil mixed layer is provided in a box body, the top and bottom surfaces of the box body are both open, a connecting mechanism is provided on the bottom surface of the box body, and the box body is connected to the inner cavity of the water tank through the connecting mechanism, so that the rock-soil mixed layer is connected to the groundwater simulation layer; the connecting mechanism is used to adjust the area of ​​the connecting gap between the inner cavity of the box body and the water tank, and the connecting mechanism blocks the bottom of the inner cavity of the box body to form a simulation chamber, and the simulation chamber is used to fill the rock-soil mixed layer;

[0008] A plurality of simulated caves are arranged at intervals in the rock-soil mixed layer, and a plurality of cave making mechanisms are arranged at equal intervals in the vertical direction in the box body to form the simulated caves;

[0009] A vegetation simulation layer, the vegetation simulation layer being arranged on the top surface of the rock-soil mixed layer;

[0010] Wherein, an observation mechanism is provided on the outer wall of the box, and a carbonate replenishing mechanism is provided on the inner wall of the water tank, so as to replenish carbonate in the rock-soil mixed layer.

[0011] Preferably, the cave making mechanism includes:

[0012] A transverse screw rod is provided on one side of the inner cavity of the box body, one end of the transverse screw rod is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the box body, the other end of the transverse screw rod passes through the box body and is rotatably connected to the box body, and a handle is fixed to the end of the transverse screw rod;

[0013] A guide rod, the guide rod being arranged on the other side of the inner cavity of the box, with both ends of the guide rod being fixedly connected to the inner wall of the box, and the guide rod being arranged parallel to the transverse screw;

[0014] A connecting rod, wherein both ends of the connecting rod are fixedly connected with a threaded sleeve and a guide sleeve, the threaded sleeve is sleeved on the transverse screw and connected to the transverse screw through a thread, and the guide sleeve is sleeved on the guide rod and is in sliding contact with the guide rod;

[0015] The adjusting sleeve is sleeved on the connecting rod and is in sliding contact with the connecting rod. The adjusting sleeve is connected to a shielding platform via a thread, and a plurality of through holes are opened on the shielding platform.

[0016] Preferably, the carbonate replenishing mechanism comprises:

[0017] A plurality of annular tubes are vertically and evenly spaced on the inner wall of the box, the inner wall of the annular tube is connected to a plurality of liquid spray heads, the annular tube is connected to one end of a diversion tube, the other ends of the diversion tubes pass through the box and are connected to the same manifold, and the manifold is connected to an external liquid supply device.

[0018] Preferably, the simulated rock blocks are made of acrylic material.

[0019] Preferably, the communication mechanism includes:

[0020] A partition, wherein a plurality of connecting holes are opened on the partition, a plurality of sealing frames are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the partition, a plurality of sealing screws are connected to the sealing frames through threads, a plurality of the sealing screws are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with a plurality of the connecting holes, one end of the sealing screw is fixedly connected to a sealing turntable, and the other end of the sealing screw passes through the connecting hole and is fixedly connected to a sealing ball, so that the sealing ball can adjust the open area of ​​the connecting hole through the sealing screw.

[0021] Preferably, it also includes:

[0022] A lower limit frame, wherein a limit through hole is provided on the top surface of the water tank, the lower limit frame is fixedly connected to the edge of the bottom surface of the partition, and the lower limit frame is plugged into the limit through hole;

[0023] An upper limit frame is fixed to the edge of the top surface of the partition, the upper limit frame is plugged into the bottom inner cavity of the box body, and the upper limit frame and the box body are fixedly connected by a plurality of limiting bolts.

[0024] Preferably, a limiting ring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bottom of the water tank, and the limiting ring abuts against the top surface of the water tank.

[0025] Preferably, the water circulation mechanism includes:

[0026] A water inlet pipe and a drain pipe are respectively arranged at both ends of the inner cavity of the water tank, the water inlet pipe is connected to a plurality of water inlet nozzles, and the drain pipe is connected to a plurality of drain suction nozzles. A water pump is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the water tank, and the output end of the water pump is connected to the water inlet pipe through a pipe, and the input end of the water pump is connected to the drain pipe through a pipe.

[0027] A method for simulating underground root growth in karst areas comprises the following steps:

[0028] Install the connecting mechanism on the bottom of the box body, and place the box body on the water tank for assembly;

[0029] Adjust the position of the cave making mechanism within the box;

[0030] Simulated rock blocks of different particle sizes are arranged layer by layer in the box and mixed with soil to establish a rock-soil mixed layer and form several simulated caves. The particle size of the simulated rock increases from bottom to top.

[0031] Laying soil on top of the rock-soil mixture layer and planting vegetation to establish a vegetation simulation layer;

[0032] Add water to the water tank and start the water circulation mechanism to establish a groundwater simulation layer and simulate the groundwater flow posture;

[0033] Observations are made through observing agencies.

[0034] Preferably, a frame is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the water tank, and a water supply port is provided on the top of the water tank.

[0035] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0036] 1. The water circulation mechanism can simulate groundwater. The connecting mechanism can not only seal the bottom of the box, but also adjust the size of the connecting gap with the water tank. It can dynamically observe the growth of roots in different cracks and dynamically detect the growth rate and morphological changes of the roots. It can also realize dynamic monitoring of the root growth process and morphological changes in the two-dimensional and three-dimensional structures in the karst area.

[0037] 2. The karst cave-making mechanism is set up to adjust its position before the simulated rock blocks and soil are loaded, thereby adjusting the position of the simulated cave. Then, the simulated rock blocks and soil are loaded. Under the shielding effect of the karst cave-making mechanism, a cavity is formed at the bottom to simulate the location of the karst cave. The influence of the complex habitat, underground crack development, and underground soil movement space changes on root ecological changes in the karst area are identified. The parameters of root creep and growth characteristics under different rock exposure rates, crack widths, and crack directions are quantitatively obtained, thereby dynamically, quantitatively, and accurately monitoring the root growth rate in karst bedrock cracks.

[0038] 3. After completing the loading of simulated rock blocks and soil, this patent can continue to adjust the position of the cave simulation mechanism, disturb the simulated rock blocks, and adjust the direction of the cracks between the rocks. The observation mechanism can actually observe the direction of plant roots, and the carbonate replenishment mechanism can be set to fill carbonates, thereby achieving a true simulation of the karst area. The adjustable structure of the present invention is no longer limited to rigid simulation under fixed condition values. It can flexibly realize environmental conditions such as different rock exposures, different crack widths, and different bedrock crack directions in the natural environment according to the needs of scientific research, and also reduce unnecessary costs in the simulation of two-dimensional and three-dimensional structures above and below the ground in the karst area. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0040] Figure 1 A simulated topographic cross-section diagram obtained by the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 It is an axial view of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the shielding platform in the present invention;

[0044] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the annular tube in the present invention;

[0045] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the blocking ball in the present invention;

[0046] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the blocking frame in the present invention;

[0047] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the observation mechanism of the present invention;

[0048] Among them, 1. water tank; 2. box body; 3. transverse screw; 4. handle; 5. guide rod; 6. connecting rod; 7. threaded sleeve; 8. guide sleeve; 9. adjustment sleeve; 10. shielding platform; 11. annular pipe; 12. spray head; 13. diversion pipe; 14. confluence pipe; 15. box door; 16. tempered glass; 17. partition; 18. sealing frame; 19. sealing screw; 20. sealing turntable; 21. sealing ball; 22. lower limit frame; 23. upper limit frame; 24. limit ring; 25. water inlet pipe; 26. drainage pipe; 27. water inlet nozzle; 28. drainage suction head; 29. ​​water pump; 30. frame; 31. water supply port; 32. viewing window; 33. groundwater simulation layer; 34. rock-soil mixed layer; 35. simulated cave; 36. vegetation simulation layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0051] Reference Figures 1-6 The present invention provides a device and method for simulating underground root growth in karst areas, comprising:

[0052] A groundwater simulation layer 33 is provided in the water tank 1. A water circulation mechanism is provided in the water tank 1 so that the groundwater simulation layer 33 simulates the flow of groundwater.

[0053] The rock-soil mixed layer 34 is disposed within the box body 2. The top and bottom surfaces of the box body 2 are both open. A communication mechanism is provided on the bottom surface of the box body 2, and the box body 2 is connected to the inner cavity of the water tank 1 through the communication mechanism, so that the rock-soil mixed layer 34 is connected to the groundwater simulation layer 33. The communication mechanism is used to adjust the area of ​​the communication gap between the inner cavity of the box body 2 and the water tank 1. The communication mechanism blocks the bottom of the inner cavity of the box body 2 to form a simulation chamber, which is used to fill the rock-soil mixed layer 34.

[0054] Several simulated caves 35 are arranged at intervals in the rock-soil mixed layer 34, and several cave making mechanisms are arranged at equal intervals in the vertical direction in the box body 2 to form the simulated caves 35;

[0055] The vegetation simulation layer 36 is arranged on the top surface of the rock-soil mixed layer 34;

[0056] Among them, an observation mechanism is provided on the outer wall of the box body 2, and a carbonate replenishing mechanism is provided on the inner wall of the water tank 1, so as to replenish carbonate in the rock-soil mixed layer 34.

[0057] The water circulation mechanism provided can simulate groundwater, and the connecting mechanism provided can not only seal the bottom of the box body 2 but also adjust the size of the connecting gap with the water tank 1. The cave making mechanism provided can adjust the position before the simulated rock blocks and soil are loaded, thereby realizing the adjustment of the position of the simulated cave, and then the simulated rock blocks and soil are loaded. Under the shielding effect of the cave making mechanism, a cavity is formed at the bottom to simulate the position of the cave. At the same time, after the loading of the simulated rock blocks and soil is completed, a rock-soil mixed layer 34 is formed. The position of the cave simulation mechanism can also be further adjusted to disturb the simulated rock blocks to realize the adjustment of the direction of the cracks between the rocks. The observation mechanism provided can actually observe the direction of the plant roots, and the carbonate supplement mechanism provided can fill carbonates, thereby realizing a real simulation of the karst area.

[0058] To further optimize the solution, the cave manufacturing mechanism includes:

[0059] A transverse screw rod 3 is provided on one side of the inner cavity of the box body 2. One end of the transverse screw rod 3 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the box body 2. The other end of the transverse screw rod 3 passes through the box body 2 and is rotatably connected to the box body 2. A handle 4 is fixed to the end of the transverse screw rod 3.

[0060] The guide rod 5 is arranged on the other side of the inner cavity of the box body 2. Both ends of the guide rod 5 are fixed to the inner wall of the box body 2. The guide rod 5 is arranged parallel to the transverse screw 3.

[0061] Connecting rod 6, with threaded sleeve 7 and guide sleeve 8 fixed to both ends of connecting rod 6, threaded sleeve 7 is sleeved on traverse screw 3 and connected to traverse screw 3 by thread, and guide sleeve 8 is sleeved on guide rod 5 and in sliding contact with guide rod 5;

[0062] The adjusting sleeve 9 is sleeved on the connecting rod 6 and is in sliding contact with the connecting rod 6. The adjusting sleeve 9 is connected to a shielding platform 10 through a thread, and a plurality of through holes are opened on the shielding platform 10.

[0063] By turning the handle 4, the transverse screw 3 can be rotated, and the guiding effect of the guide rod 5 can be used to adjust the position of the connecting rod 6. Then, by adjusting the position of the adjusting sleeve 9 on the connecting rod 6, the position of the shielding platform 10 can be adjusted. After loading simulated rock blocks and soil, a simulated cave can be formed at the bottom of the shielding platform 10 under the shielding effect of the shielding platform 10.

[0064] After the simulated rock blocks and soil are loaded, the handle 4 is continuously twisted to cause the connecting rod 6 to move, thereby disturbing the simulated rock blocks and soil and adjusting the direction of the cracks.

[0065] To further optimize the program, carbonate supplementation mechanisms include:

[0066] A plurality of annular tubes 11 are arranged vertically and evenly spaced on the inner wall of the box body 2. The inner wall of the annular tube 11 is connected to a plurality of liquid spray heads 12. The annular tube 11 is connected to one end of a diverter tube 13. The other ends of the diverter tubes 13 pass through the box body 2 and are connected to the same manifold 14. The manifold 14 is connected to an external liquid supply device.

[0067] By setting up a carbonate replenishment mechanism, carbonate replenishment can be achieved, thereby enhancing the authenticity of the simulation device and improving the accuracy of the experiment.

[0068] To further optimize the plan, the observation agencies include:

[0069] The box door 15 is arranged on the outer wall of the box body 2. A viewing hole is provided on the box door 15, and a tempered glass 16 is provided in the viewing hole.

[0070] To further optimize the solution, the simulated rock blocks are made of acrylic. Acrylic is transparent, allowing for intuitive observation of plant roots. Water tank 1 and housing 2 can also be made of transparent materials for easier overall observation.

[0071] To further optimize the solution, the connected institutions include:

[0072] The partition 17 has several connecting holes, and several sealing frames 18 are fixed to the bottom surface of the partition 17. Several sealing screws 19 are connected to the sealing frames 18 through threads. The several sealing screws 19 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the several connecting holes. One end of the sealing screw 19 is fixedly connected to the sealing turntable 20, and the other end of the sealing screw 19 passes through the connecting hole and is fixedly connected to a sealing ball 21, so that the sealing ball 21 can adjust the open area of ​​the connecting hole through the sealing screw 19.

[0073] By screwing the sealing screw 19, the relative position between the sealing ball 21 and the communicating hole is adjusted, thereby adjusting the size of the communicating gap.

[0074] The setting of the connecting mechanism also facilitates the subsequent disassembly. After the connecting mechanism and the water tank 1 are disassembled as a whole, the rocks and soil inside the box body 2 can be removed from the bottom of the box body 2, thereby improving work efficiency.

[0075] Further optimization plans also include:

[0076] A lower limit frame 22 is provided with a limit through hole on the top surface of the water tank 1. The lower limit frame 22 is fixedly connected to the bottom edge of the partition 17, and the lower limit frame 22 is plugged into the limit through hole;

[0077] The upper limit frame 23 is fixed to the edge of the top surface of the partition 17. The upper limit frame 23 is plugged into the bottom inner cavity of the box body 2, and the upper limit frame 23 and the box body 2 are fixed by a plurality of limiting bolts.

[0078] According to a further optimized solution, a limit ring 24 is fixed to the outer wall of the bottom of the water tank 1 , and the limit ring 24 abuts against the top surface of the water tank 1 .

[0079] To further optimize the solution, the water circulation mechanism includes:

[0080] The water inlet pipe 25 and the drain pipe 26 are respectively arranged at both ends of the inner cavity of the water tank 1. The water inlet pipe 25 is connected to a plurality of water inlet nozzles 27, and the drain pipe 26 is connected to a plurality of drain suction nozzles 28. A water pump 29 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the water tank 1. The output end of the water pump 29 is connected to the water inlet pipe 25 through a pipe, and the input end of the water pump 29 is connected to the drain pipe 26 through a pipe.

[0081] According to a further optimized solution, a frame 30 is fixed to the bottom surface of the water tank 1 , a water supply port 31 is provided on the top of the water tank 1 , and a visual window 32 is provided on the side of the water tank 1 .

[0082] A method for simulating underground root growth in karst areas comprises the following steps:

[0083] Install the connecting mechanism at the bottom of the box body 2, and place the box body 2 on the water tank 1 for assembly;

[0084] Adjust the position of the cave making mechanism in the box 1;

[0085] Simulated rock blocks of different particle sizes are arranged layer by layer in the box 2 and mixed with soil to establish a rock-soil mixed layer 34 and form a number of simulated caves 35, wherein the particle size of the simulated rock increases from bottom to top;

[0086] Laying soil on top of the rock-soil mixed layer 34 and planting vegetation to establish a vegetation simulation layer 36;

[0087] Add water to the water tank 1 and start the water circulation mechanism to establish a groundwater simulation layer 33 and simulate the groundwater flow posture;

[0088] Observations are made through observing agencies.

[0089] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0090] The embodiments described above are merely descriptions of preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by persons skilled in the art should fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for simulating underground root growth in karst areas, characterized in that: include: A groundwater simulation layer (33), the groundwater simulation layer (33) being arranged in a water tank (1), and a water circulation mechanism being arranged in the water tank (1) so that the groundwater simulation layer (33) simulates the flow posture of groundwater; A rock-soil mixed layer (34), the rock-soil mixed layer (34) is arranged in a box body (2), the top surface and the bottom surface of the box body (2) are both open, the bottom surface of the box body (2) is provided with a communication mechanism, and the box body (2) is connected to the inner cavity of the water tank (1) through the communication mechanism, so that the rock-soil mixed layer (34) is connected to the groundwater simulation layer (33); the communication mechanism is used to adjust the area of ​​the communication gap between the inner cavity of the box body (2) and the water tank (1), and the communication mechanism blocks the bottom of the inner cavity of the box body (2) to form a simulation chamber, and the simulation chamber is used to fill the rock-soil mixed layer (34); A plurality of simulated karst caves (35), wherein the plurality of simulated karst caves (35) are arranged at intervals in the rock-soil mixed layer (34), and a plurality of karst cave manufacturing mechanisms are arranged at equal intervals in the vertical direction in the box (2) to form the simulated karst caves (35); A vegetation simulation layer (36) is provided on the top surface of the rock-soil mixed layer (34); wherein an observation mechanism is provided on the outer wall of the box body (2), and a carbonate replenishing mechanism is provided on the inner wall of the water tank (1), so as to replenish carbonate in the rock-soil mixed layer (34); The cave manufacturing mechanism comprises: a transverse screw (3), the transverse screw (3) being arranged on one side of the inner cavity of the box (2), one end of the transverse screw (3) being rotatably connected to the inner wall of the box (2), the other end of the transverse screw (3) passing through the box (2) and being rotatably connected to the box (2), and a handle (4) being fixed to the end of the transverse screw (3); A guide rod (5), the guide rod (5) being arranged on the other side of the inner cavity of the box body (2), both ends of the guide rod (5) being fixedly connected to the inner wall of the box body (2), and the guide rod (5) being arranged parallel to the transverse screw rod (3); A connecting rod (6), wherein both ends of the connecting rod (6) are respectively fixed with a threaded sleeve (7) and a guide sleeve (8), the threaded sleeve (7) is sleeved on the transverse screw (3) and connected to the transverse screw (3) through a thread, and the guide sleeve (8) is sleeved on the guide rod (5) and is in sliding contact with the guide rod (5); an adjusting sleeve (9), the adjusting sleeve (9) being sleeved on the connecting rod (6) and in sliding contact with the connecting rod (6); a shielding platform (10) being connected to the adjusting sleeve (9) via a thread; and a plurality of through holes being formed on the shielding platform (10); The connecting mechanism comprises: a partition (17), a plurality of connecting holes are opened on the partition (17), a plurality of sealing frames (18) are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the partition (17), a plurality of sealing screws (19) are connected to the sealing frames (18) by threads, the plurality of sealing screws (19) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of connecting holes, one end of the sealing screw (19) is fixedly connected to a sealing turntable (20), and the other end of the sealing screw (19) passes through the connecting hole and is fixedly connected to a sealing ball (21), so that the sealing ball (21) can adjust the open area of ​​the connecting hole through the sealing screw (19).

2. The device for simulating underground root growth in karst areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carbonate replenishment mechanism includes: A plurality of annular tubes (11) are vertically arranged at equal intervals on the inner wall of the box body (2); the inner wall of the annular tubes (11) is connected to a plurality of liquid spray heads (12); the annular tubes (11) are connected to one end of a diversion tube (13); the other ends of the diversion tubes (13) pass through the box body (2) and are connected to a common manifold (14); the manifold (14) is connected to an external liquid supply device.

3. The device for simulating underground root growth in karst areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A lower limit frame (22), a limit through hole is provided on the top surface of the water tank (1), the lower limit frame (22) is fixedly connected to the edge of the bottom surface of the partition (17), and the lower limit frame (22) is plugged into the limit through hole; An upper limit frame (23), the upper limit frame (23) is fixed to the edge of the top surface of the partition (17), the upper limit frame (23) is plugged into the bottom inner cavity of the box body (2), and the upper limit frame (23) and the box body (2) are fixedly connected by a plurality of limit bolts.

4. The device for simulating underground root growth in karst areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting ring (24) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bottom of the water tank (1), and the limiting ring (24) abuts against the top surface of the water tank (1).

5. The device for simulating underground root growth in karst areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water circulation mechanism comprises: A water inlet pipe (25) and a drainage pipe (26) are respectively arranged at two ends of the inner cavity of the water tank (1); a plurality of water inlet nozzles (27) are connected to the water inlet pipe (25); a plurality of drainage nozzles (28) are connected to the drainage pipe (26); a water pump (29) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the water tank (1); the output end of the water pump (29) is connected to the water inlet pipe (25) through a pipeline, and the input end of the water pump (29) is connected to the drainage pipe (26) through a pipeline.

6. The device for simulating underground root growth in karst areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the water tank (1) is fixedly connected to a frame (30), and the top of the water tank (1) is provided with a water supply port (31).

7. A method for simulating underground root growth in karst areas, according to the device for simulating underground root growth in karst areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps include: Installing the communication mechanism at the bottom of the box body (2), and placing the box body (2) on the water tank (1) for assembly; Adjusting the position of the cave making mechanism within the box (2); Simulated rock blocks of different particle sizes are arranged layer by layer in the box (2) and mixed with soil to establish a rock-soil mixed layer (34) and form a plurality of simulated caves (35), wherein the particle size of the simulated rock increases from bottom to top, and the simulated rock blocks are made of acrylic material; laying soil and planting vegetation on top of the rock-soil mixed layer (34) to establish a vegetation simulation layer (36); Add water to the water tank (1) and start the water circulation mechanism to establish a groundwater simulation layer (33) and simulate the groundwater flow posture; Observations are made through observing agencies.

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