Modular regulation and storage tunnel and ecological landscape integrated system

Abstract

The invention discloses a modularized regulation and storage tunnel and ecological landscape integrated system, which relates to the technical field of ecological water conservancy projects and comprises a regulation and storage tunnel module, an ecological landscape module and an intelligent regulation and control module, the regulation and storage tunnel module comprises an electroactive biological membrane-plant root system coupling reactor and an intelligent secretion capture-slow release module and is used for realizing regulation and storage of water and treatment of heavy metal ion pollutants; according to the method, the problem of bioelectrochemical coupling failure of a microorganism-plant interface is solved through construction of an artificial electron transfer path, intelligent regulation and control of the phenol concentration and multi-field coupling simulation, the heavy metal ion removal rate is stably increased, pipeline scaling is reduced, and traditional monitoring and model limitation is broken through; meanwhile, by means of ecological module collaboration, the biological diversity and the system stability are enhanced, the operation and maintenance cost is reduced, the service life of materials is prolonged, and a new interdisciplinary precise regulation and control solution is provided for urban water environment treatment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ecological water conservancy engineering technology, specifically to a modular water storage tunnel and ecological landscape integrated system. Background Technology

[0002] In urban water environment management, stormwater storage tunnels serve as crucial infrastructure, playing a vital role in rainwater storage, pollutant purification, and ecological landscape synergy. However, existing stormwater storage systems generally suffer from material transport imbalances caused by the failure of bioelectrochemical coupling at the microbial-plant interface, specifically manifested as follows:

[0003] Bioelectric signal coupling mechanism failure: Electrogenic bacteria (such as Geobacter and Shewanella) drive heavy metal ions (such as Cu) through the extracellular electron transport chain (EET). 2+ The valence state transformation and migration of ions, and the phenolic compounds (such as ferulic acid and p-coumaric acid) secreted by the roots of wetland plants (such as reeds and cattails) have a dual role as electron shuttles and metabolic disruptors—at low concentrations, they promote EET to accelerate heavy metal precipitation, while at high concentrations, they inhibit the activity of electrogenic bacteria, leading to abnormal electrochemical gradients. Existing designs completely ignore this cross-species electrical signal interaction, resulting in Cu within the tunnel... 2+ Abnormal enrichment occurs due to drastic changes in valence state (e.g., Cu). 0 (deposition clogging pipes) or loss (such as Cu) 2+ Excessive emissions severely impact the system's purification efficiency and operational stability.

[0004] An abnormal electrochemical gradient triggers a chain reaction: Under normal EET-driven conditions, Cu 2+ The dynamic balance between reduction and precipitation in the cathode region and dissolution and migration in the anodic region is disrupted. When phenols are in excess, if they over-activate cathode reduction as electron shuttles, it leads to excessive precipitation of heavy metal ions in the upstream section of the tunnel and ion depletion in the downstream water. If EET is inhibited, it causes a sharp rise in the anodic oxidation potential, and the precipitated heavy metals redissolve, resulting in excessive outlet concentrations. The mV-level potential difference at the microscopic level forms a centimeter-level redox gradient through the accumulation of community electron flow, directly regulating the adsorption-desorption balance of heavy metal ions in porous media. Traditional water quality models only focus on macroscopic parameters such as pH and Eh, and cannot capture the abnormal material transport caused by such fine potential fluctuations.

[0005] The necessity of solving the problem:

[0006] Hidden risks at the engineering level urgently need to be avoided: abnormal accumulation of heavy metals leads to scaling on the tunnel walls (such as Cu(OH)2 deposition), increasing hydraulic resistance and inducing structural safety hazards; leakage may cause downstream water pollution incidents, especially posing ecological risks in drinking water source protection areas. Traditional chemical cleaning (such as EDTA chelation) destroys the microbial community, forming a vicious cycle of "cleaning-pollution rebound," which leads to a surge in operation and maintenance costs and fails to solve the fundamental problem.

[0007] The need for synergistic ecological and environmental benefits: As a key node in the urban aquatic ecosystem, the water storage tunnel must balance pollution control and landscape functions. Existing systems suffer from fluctuations in purification efficiency due to imbalances in bioelectrical signal regulation, making it difficult to achieve long-term stable operation. At the same time, neglecting the synergistic effects of plants and microorganisms fails to fully realize the ecological value of wetland plants in water purification, biodiversity maintenance, and other aspects.

[0008] Therefore, a modular storage tunnel and ecological landscape integrated system is provided to overcome the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to provide a modular storage tunnel and ecological landscape integrated system to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0010] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a modular storage tunnel and ecological landscape integrated system, including a storage tunnel module, an ecological landscape module and an intelligent control module;

[0011] The water storage tunnel module includes an electroactive biofilm-plant root coupled reactor and an intelligent secretion capture-slow release module, which are used to achieve water storage and treatment of heavy metal ion pollutants.

[0012] The ecological landscape module is set around and on top of the water storage tunnel. Through the configuration of wetland plants and the construction of ecological slope protection, it works in synergy with the water storage tunnel module to enhance the ecological function of the system.

[0013] The intelligent control module monitors and controls the system operation in real time through a bio-electromechanical coupling model and an adaptive feedback control algorithm.

[0014] Furthermore, the electroactive biofilm-plant root coupled reactor includes:

[0015] Chitosan conductive hydrogel lining doped with carbon nanotubes serves as a tunnel inner wall material, providing a growth environment for wetland plant roots and acting as an extracellular electron transport medium for microorganisms, thus constructing an artificial electron transport pathway.

[0016] A biodegradable flexible microelectrode embedded in conductive hydrogel is used to monitor the redox potential of a micro-region in real time and to modulate the local electrochemical gradient by releasing pulse current.

[0017] Furthermore, the intelligent secretion capture-slow release module includes a molecularly imprinted polymer film coated on the inner wall of the tunnel.

[0018] Furthermore, the bio-electromechanical coupling model integrates fluid-solid-electric multi-field coupling simulations, embeds electrochemical impedance spectroscopy data of conductive hydrogels, and combines the Michaelis-Menten kinetic equation with electrical signal correction to quantify the effects of electrical signals and phenol concentration on the extracellular electron transfer rate of microorganisms, enabling accurate prediction of heavy metal ion migration.

[0019] Furthermore, the adaptive feedback control algorithm integrates μ-Eh microelectrodes, Raman spectrometers, and LC-MS microprobes to construct a three-dimensional electrochemical state space, enabling real-time monitoring of redox potential and Cu. 2+ Valence state and dynamic parameters of phenols were determined, and the micro-region electrochemical environment was reset by pulsed current intervention.

[0020] Furthermore, the molecularly imprinted polymer film's specific recognition ability of ferulic acid and coumaric acid enables the switching of phenolic compounds between electron shuttle and metabolic disruptor functions through voltage regulation, thereby maintaining the stability of the redox microenvironment within the tunnel.

[0021] Furthermore, the water storage tunnel module, ecological landscape module, and intelligent control module form a closed loop of monitoring-control-treatment through data interaction and functional synergy.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0023] I. Solving the failure of bioelectrochemical coupling and precisely controlling heavy metal migration:

[0024] 1. Stabilizes the redox microenvironment:

[0025] By using conductive hydrogel lining of an electroactive biofilm-plant root coupled reactor, an artificial electron transport pathway is constructed, connecting plant root exudates to a conductive matrix and then to electrogenic bacteria. This overcomes the insulation limitations of traditional concrete linings, enabling efficient interaction of electrical signals between microorganisms and plants and avoiding Cu2+ degradation caused by cross-species signal imbalance. 2+ Dramatic changes in valence state and abnormal enrichment / loss (e.g., reduced Cu) 0 Deposited blockage or oxidized Cu 2+ (Excessive emissions), to maintain a stable redox gradient (ΔE) within the tunnel.

[0026] The intelligent secretion capture-release module specifically regulates phenolic concentration through molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) films, releasing phenols at low concentrations to act as electron shuttles and promote Cu production. 2+ Reduction precipitation; at high concentrations, it captures excess phenols to prevent inhibition of electrogenic bacteria.

[0027] 2. Dynamically controlling the electrochemical gradient:

[0028] The biodegradable flexible microelectrode embedded in conductive hydrogel monitors the redox potential (μ-Eh) of the micro-region in real time. By intervening with pulsed current (such as releasing a weak reverse current to inhibit the overactivation of electrogenic bacteria), the local electrochemical environment can be precisely adjusted to solve the problem of excessive reduction of the cathode or sudden rise of the anodic oxidation potential caused by fluctuations in phenol concentration, and to avoid the "unintended migration" of heavy metal ions (such as downstream ion deficiency or excessive outlet concentration).

[0029] II. Breaking through cross-disciplinary cognitive blind spots to achieve multidisciplinary collaborative innovation:

[0030] 1. Cross-scale coupling regulation:

[0031] The bio-electromechanical coupling model integrates fluid-solid-electric multi-field coupling simulation, embeds electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) data of conductive hydrogels, and combines the Michaelis-Menten kinetic equation with electrical signal correction. For the first time, it quantifies the influence of electrical signals and phenol concentration on the extracellular electron transfer rate of microorganisms, breaking through the limitation of traditional hydrodynamic models that only focus on macroscopic parameters. It accurately predicts the migration behavior of heavy metals under different flow velocities and substrate distributions (such as dynamic compensation of electrode current under turbulent conditions).

[0032] The adaptive feedback control algorithm (AFCA) integrates multimodal sensors such as μ-Eh microelectrodes and Raman spectrometers to construct a three-dimensional electrochemical state space, captures mV-level potential differences and nM-level phenolic dynamics in real time, and realizes a closed loop of "monitoring-regulation-repair" to solve the problem of the monitoring lag of traditional monitoring methods on microscopic mechanisms.

[0033] 2. Ecological-Engineering Synergistic Effect

[0034] Wetland plant configurations reduce the risk of eutrophication by absorbing nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients and heavy metal ions through the roots of reeds, cattails, and other plants; transpiration regulates the local climate, and root exudates provide nutrients for microorganisms, promoting the synergistic purification of plants and microorganisms, thus making up for the shortcomings of traditional designs where plants only serve as physical adsorption barriers.

[0035] Ecological slope protection construction enhances the slope's resistance to erosion and improves biodiversity through the root network of herbaceous plants and shrubs, providing a stable habitat for electrogenic bacteria and indirectly ensuring the sustainability of the microbial EET process.

[0036] III. Significantly improve system performance and reduce operational risks and costs.

[0037] 1. Breakthrough in performance metrics:

[0038] The stability of heavy metal treatment is improved, the rate of pipe scaling decreases, no chemical agents are required, and the damage to the microbial community caused by traditional cleaning methods such as EDTA chelation is avoided, forming a "self-sustaining" purification system.

[0039] Multimodal sensor fusion technology enables high-frequency monitoring of micro-area redox potential and phenol concentration, and real-time response to abnormal changes.

[0040] 2. Full lifecycle optimization:

[0041] The biocompatibility and self-healing properties of conductive hydrogels extend the lifespan of lining materials and reduce structural maintenance costs.

[0042] The self-calibration mechanism reduces the frequency of manual monitoring and maintenance costs, while avoiding the vicious cycle of "cleaning-contamination rebound" and improving the long-term reliability of the system.

[0043] IV. Reconstructing the plant-microbe synergistic mechanism, overturning traditional understanding of purification:

[0044] 1. The role of plants changes:

[0045] This study clarifies the active role of root exudates in wetland plants as "electrochemical regulators," quantifies the concentration-dependent regulatory threshold of phenols on EET using intelligent modules, resolves the ambiguity between "beneficial interference" and "harmful interference," and avoids Cu levels caused by improper plant density design. 2+ Leakage risk.

[0046] 2. Interdisciplinary technology integration:

[0047] By integrating technologies from fields such as microbial electrochemistry, smart materials (conductive hydrogels, molecularly imprinted polymers), and flexible electronics (biodegradable microelectrodes), a new architecture of "bioelectric signal monitoring - chemical gradient regulation - ecological function synergy" is constructed. This provides a cross-scale design framework for ecological water conservancy projects, from molecular signals to macroscopic transmission, and promotes the transformation of urban water environment governance towards precision and intelligence.

[0048] This system, through four core innovations—artificial electronic pathway construction, dynamic phenol buffering, multi-field coupling simulation, and ecological function synergy—systematically solves the problem of bioelectric signal coupling failure in traditional water storage tunnels. It achieves multiple breakthroughs in heavy metal treatment efficiency, system stability, ecological benefits, and operation and maintenance costs, demonstrating significant technological advancements and engineering application value. Attached Figure Description

[0049] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the modular water storage tunnel and ecological landscape integrated system of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 2This is a block diagram of the bio-electromechanical coupling model of the modular water storage tunnel and ecological landscape integrated system of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 3 This is a block diagram of the adaptive feedback control algorithm for the modular water storage tunnel and ecological landscape integrated system of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0052] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0053] Please see Figures 1-3 The present invention provides a technical solution:

[0054] See Figures 1-3 As shown, an example of a modular water storage tunnel integrated with an ecological landscape system is presented:

[0055] I. System Overall Architecture:

[0056] The modular water storage tunnel and ecological landscape integrated system consists of a water storage tunnel module, an ecological landscape module, and an intelligent control module. The water storage tunnel module, as the core, utilizes the bioelectrochemical coupling principle of the microbial-plant interface to handle water storage and the treatment of pollutants such as heavy metal ions. The ecological landscape module beautifies the environment and enhances the system's ecological function through the synergy between the ecological functions of plants and the water storage tunnel module. The intelligent control module monitors and regulates the system's operation in real time, ensuring efficient and stable operation through sensors and algorithms. This architectural design breaks away from the traditional model of independent operation of various parts in water conservancy projects, constructing a new system of multi-module collaboration and multi-disciplinary integration.

[0057] II. Storage Tunnel Module:

[0058] (a) Electroactive biofilm-plant root coupled reactor:

[0059] Conductive hydrogel lining:

[0060] A carbon nanotube-doped chitosan conductive hydrogel was used as the lining material for the tunnel wall. This material possesses excellent biocompatibility and conductivity, providing a suitable growth environment for wetland plant roots (such as reeds) while simultaneously acting as a medium for extracellular electron transport (EET) by microorganisms. Phenolic compounds and other substances secreted by reed roots can be transferred to electrogenic bacteria (such as Geobacter) through the conductive hydrogel, constructing an artificial electron transport pathway of "plant root secretions → conductive matrix → electrogenic bacteria". Compared to traditional concrete lining, this design breaks through the limitations of natural interaction between plants and microorganisms, making electron transport more efficient and controllable, and avoiding the electron transport obstacles caused by the insulation properties of traditional lining materials.

[0061] From the perspective of the bioelectrochemical coupling mechanism at the microbial-plant interface, traditional concrete lining cannot form an effective electron transport pathway, resulting in limited microbial EET processes and difficulty in controlling the valence state transformation and migration behavior of heavy metal ions. However, the artificial electron transport pathway constructed by conductive hydrogels can stabilize the redox microenvironment within the tunnel. Studies on the metabolic processes of electrogenic bacteria show that stable electron transport helps maintain the normal metabolism of electrogenic bacteria, thereby reducing drastic changes in the valence state of heavy metal ions. For example, in the case of heavy metal ions Cu... 2+ In the process, stable electron transfer can promote its transformation to the reduced state and prevent the reduced Cu from being converted to a reduced state. 0 Deposits clogging pipes and oxidized Cu 2+ It migrates with the water flow, thereby enhancing the ability to treat heavy metal ions.

[0062] Imbalance in material transport within the regulation tunnel is essentially a failure of bioelectrochemical coupling at the microbial-plant interface. Traditional designs neglect cross-species electrical signal interaction, while conductive hydrogel lining, by constructing artificial electron transport pathways, enables effective interaction of electrical signals between microorganisms and plants, avoiding abnormal enrichment or loss of heavy metal ions due to imbalances in cross-species electrical signal interaction, and maintaining a stable redox microenvironment within the tunnel.

[0063] Dynamic electrode array:

[0064] Biodegradable flexible microelectrodes are embedded in conductive hydrogels to monitor the redox potential (μ-Eh) of microregions in real time. These microelectrodes possess high sensitivity and good flexibility, enabling them to adapt to the complex environment within tunnels. When excessive phenol concentration is detected, the electrode releases a weak reverse current according to preset control logic to inhibit the overactivation of electrogenic bacteria. For example, when the coumaric acid concentration exceeds the limit, the electrode releases a reverse current to maintain Cu 2+ Reduction-dissolution dynamic equilibrium.

[0065] Phenolic compounds have a dual effect on electrogenic bacteria. High concentrations of phenols may inhibit cytochrome expression or cell membrane integrity, leading to decreased EET efficiency and electron accumulation causing abnormal local electrochemical gradients. Releasing a weak reverse current through a dynamic electrode array allows for precise control of the micro-region redox potential. An appropriate redox potential optimizes the metabolic environment of electrogenic bacteria, preventing excessive local cathodic reduction or a sudden surge in oxidation potential in the anodic region. Through this control method, the Cu in downstream water... 2+ Abnormal concentration changes can be effectively controlled, ensuring the balance of material transport within the storage tunnel and reducing engineering risks caused by abnormal migration of heavy metal ions.

[0066] Anomalies in electrochemical gradients can lead to the "unintended migration" of heavy metal ions. The dynamic electrode array, by real-time monitoring and precise control of the micro-region redox potential, solves this problem caused by fluctuations in phenol concentration. In traditional storage tunnels, the lack of effective monitoring and control of the micro-region redox potential makes it impossible to respond promptly to changes in phenol concentration. The dynamic electrode array in this system can quickly respond to changes in phenol concentration, maintaining a stable redox potential by adjusting the current, thus preventing the "unintended migration" of heavy metal ions and ensuring the normal transport of substances within the storage tunnel.

[0067] (II) Intelligent secretion capture-slow release module:

[0068] Molecularly imprinted polymer film coating:

[0069] A molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) film targeting ferulic acid and p-coumaric acid is coated on the inner wall of the storage tunnel. This film has a highly specific recognition and adsorption capacity. When the phenol concentration exceeds a threshold, a voltage is applied to cause the pore size of the MIP film to shrink, specifically capturing excess phenols; when the concentration is below the preset threshold, a voltage is applied to cause the pore size to expand, releasing pre-stored phenols as electron shuttles.

[0070] It should be noted here that:

[0071] The preparation method of molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) films is as follows:

[0072] Using ferulic acid and p-coumaric acid as template molecules, methacrylic acid as a functional monomer, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as a crosslinking agent, and azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as an initiator, the template molecules, functional monomers, and crosslinking agents were dissolved in acetonitrile porogen at a molar ratio of 1:4:20. The polymerization reaction was initiated at 60°C in the dark under nitrogen protection for 24 hours. After polymerization, a methanol-acetic acid mixture (9:1 volume ratio) was used as the eluent, and the template molecules were removed by Soxhlet extraction. After vacuum drying, a MIP film with specific hole recognition was obtained. This film was then uniformly coated onto the inner wall of a storage tunnel using spin coating.

[0073] Phenolic compounds, acting as electron shuttles and metabolic disruptors, can significantly impact the electrogenic electrotransfer (EET) process of electrogenic bacteria if their concentration is uncontrollable. High concentrations of phenols inhibit the activity of electrogenic bacteria, leading to a decrease in EET efficiency. Precise control of phenol concentration through molecularly imprinted polymer films can prevent the inhibition of EET by high concentrations of phenols, thus stabilizing the microbial EET process. From the perspective of electron transfer, appropriate concentrations of phenols, acting as electron shuttles, can promote the transfer of electrons from electrogenic bacteria to heavy metal ions, thereby promoting Cu... 2+ Reduce precipitation.

[0074] Traditional water storage tunnel designs lack quantification of the threshold for plant-microbe synergy, leading to unstable regulatory effects of phenols on electrogenic emulsions (EET). The intelligent secretion capture-slow-release module quantifies the promoting / inhibiting thresholds of phenols on EET using a molecularly imprinted polymer film. When the phenol concentration exceeds the threshold, the film can promptly capture excess phenols, preventing their inhibition of electrogenic bacteria; when the phenol concentration is too low, it releases pre-stored phenols as electron shuttles, achieving precise regulation of plant secretions, promoting synergistic effects between plants and microorganisms, and ensuring the normal operation of the water storage tunnel.

[0075] Synergistic effect:

[0076] This module, in synergy with the electroactive biofilm-plant root coupled reactor EBP-Cell, significantly enhances Cu 2+ Remove instability and enhance the stability of electrogenic bacterial communities.

[0077] The artificial electron transport pathway constructed by the electroactive biofilm-plant root coupled reactor EBP-Cell provides a favorable electron transport environment for microbial metabolism, while the intelligent secretion capture-slow release module SECM ensures the stability of phenol concentration. The synergistic effect of both modules maintains a stable electrochemical gradient within the tunnel. Under this stable electrochemical gradient, the electrogenic bacterial community can maintain good metabolic activity, thereby enhancing the storage capacity of the tunnel for Cu. 2+ The stability of removal is improved, reducing fluctuations in treatment efficiency. From a microbial ecology perspective, a stable environment is conducive to the growth and reproduction of electrogenic bacteria, thereby ensuring the effective treatment of heavy metal ions. The synergistic effect of both significantly enhances the metabolic activity and stability of the electrogenic bacterial community.

[0078] The failure of bioelectrochemical coupling at the microbial-plant interface is a key factor leading to imbalances in mass transport within the storage tunnel. The synergistic effect of the EBP-Cell and SECM modules stabilized the bioelectrochemical coupling process at the microbial-plant interface. By constructing an artificial electron transport pathway and precisely controlling phenol concentration, the inhibition of electrogenic bacteria due to fluctuations in phenol concentration was avoided, maintaining a stable electrochemical gradient and ensuring the balance and stability of mass transport within the storage tunnel, effectively solving the problem of mass transport imbalance.

[0079] III. Ecological Landscape Module:

[0080] (a) Wetland plant configuration:

[0081] Wetland plant areas, including reeds and cattails, are set up around and above the water storage tunnel. These plants have strong root absorption and transpiration capabilities. By absorbing water and nutrients through their roots, they can reduce the concentration of pollutants inside the tunnel; at the same time, their transpiration can regulate the local climate.

[0082] From the perspective of plant physiology and ecology, wetland plants have rich root hair structures, which increase the contact area with water, thereby efficiently absorbing nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus, as well as some heavy metal ions, reducing the risk of eutrophication. Plant transpiration promotes water circulation, regulates local humidity and temperature, and improves local climate conditions. Furthermore, root exudates from wetland plants provide nutrients for microorganisms, creating a suitable environment for their survival and promoting synergistic effects between microorganisms and plants.

[0083] The imbalance in material transport within the storage tunnel is not merely a matter of microorganisms and heavy metal ions; it is also related to the entire ecological environment. Wetland vegetation configuration ecologically assists the storage tunnel module, improving the overall ecological environment of the system through the absorption and regulation functions of plants. A stable ecological environment is conducive to the growth and metabolism of microorganisms, promoting a virtuous cycle of matter and energy, enhancing the system's comprehensive capacity to treat pollutants, further ensuring the stable operation of the storage tunnel, and resolving the problem of material transport imbalance caused by an unstable ecological environment.

[0084] (II) Construction of ecological slope protection:

[0085] Ecological slope protection technology is used to plant herbaceous plants and low shrubs on the slopes of the water storage tunnel to prevent slope collapse and increase biodiversity.

[0086] The root systems of herbaceous plants and low shrubs can penetrate deep into the soil, forming a root network that enhances the soil's resistance to erosion, thereby ensuring slope stability and reducing the engineering risks associated with slope collapse. From a biodiversity perspective, different plant species provide diverse habitats and food sources for insects, birds, and other organisms, attracting more species to live and reproduce, thus increasing biodiversity. Rich biodiversity contributes to the balance and stability of the ecosystem, promotes the healthy cycle of matter and energy, and enhances the ecological functions of the system.

[0087] The stability of the slopes of a water storage tunnel directly affects its normal operation. Slope collapse can damage the tunnel structure and affect material transport. Ecological slope protection solves the slope stability problem of water storage tunnels, preventing slope collapse from affecting their normal operation. At the same time, the increased biodiversity improves the ecological environment, providing better ecological conditions for the synergistic effect of microorganisms and plants within the tunnel, further ensuring the stability of material transport within the tunnel.

[0088] IV. Intelligent Control Module:

[0089] (a) Bio-electromechanical coupling model:

[0090] Multiphysics Coupled Simulation:

[0091] Based on traditional hydrodynamic models (such as SWMM), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) data of conductive hydrogels are embedded to construct a fluid-solid-electric multi-field coupling model. This model fully considers the interaction between water flow, solid medium, and electrical signals within the storage tunnel.

[0092] Traditional hydrodynamic models focus only on macroscopic parameters such as water flow and pollutant concentration, failing to accurately simulate the complex electrochemical reactions and mass transport processes within storage tunnels. In contrast, the fluid-solid-electric multi-field coupling model, by considering the interactions of multiple physics fields, can accurately predict and regulate processes such as electric field distribution and heavy metal ion migration within the tunnel. Different water flow velocities affect electron transfer efficiency; through model prediction, the current in the electrode array can be adjusted in advance to adapt to electron transfer requirements under different operating conditions, accurately simulating actual operating conditions. This provides a theoretical basis for system optimization design and improves the system's adaptability to complex operating conditions.

[0093] In hydraulic engineering design, there is a "black box" understanding of bioelectrical signals. Traditional designs neglect the coupling of microbial EET (exudative estradiol) with plant metabolic electrical signals, as well as the influence of three-dimensional flow fields and substrate distribution heterogeneity on bioelectrical signals. The BEMCM model, through multiphysics coupling simulation, breaks through this cognitive blind spot, quantifying the cascade reaction pathway of "plant exudates → EET regulation → electrochemical gradient → heavy metal migration". This model can accurately predict the migration behavior of heavy metal ions under different operating conditions, providing a scientific basis for system regulation and solving the problem of neglecting the coupling of microbial EET with plant metabolic electrical signals in traditional designs.

[0094] Application of Michaelis-Menten dynamics with electrical signal correction:

[0095] Michaelis-Menten dynamic equations with electrical signal correction:

[0096] ,

[0097] Based on real-time monitored electrical signals phenol concentration Parameters such as these can be used to precisely regulate the microbial EET rate.

[0098] in:

[0099] It represents the rate of extracellular electron transfer (EET) in microorganisms. In the modular storage tunnel and ecological landscape integrated system, EET is the process by which electrogenic bacteria and other microorganisms transfer electrons to the extracellular space. This process is crucial for the treatment of pollutants such as the reduction and precipitation of heavy metal ions. The value of reflects the rate of electron transfer and directly affects the system's removal efficiency of heavy metal ions. When A higher level means that microorganisms can transfer electrons to heavy metal ions more quickly, causing them to be reduced and precipitated, thereby improving the removal effect of heavy metal ions.

[0100] This represents the maximum rate of extracellular electron transfer in microorganisms. This is the maximum electron transfer rate that microorganisms can achieve under sufficiently high substrate concentrations and other suitable conditions. It is an inherent characteristic of the microbial system and is determined by factors such as the type and activity of the microorganism. Different types of electrogenic bacteria exhibit different rates of electron transfer. Different values. Electrogenic bacteria with strong electrogenic capacity, It is relatively large, and its ability to process heavy metal ions in the system may be stronger.

[0101] : This refers to the concentration of the substrate. A substrate is a substance utilized by microorganisms during metabolism. In this system, the substrate may be substances such as plant root exudates that can provide energy and electrons to the microorganisms. If phenolic compounds secreted by reed roots are used as substrates, the higher their concentration, the more substances the microorganisms can utilize, which will promote an increase in the EET rate within a certain range.

[0102] : This refers to the Michaelis constant. It is an important parameter in enzyme reaction kinetics, representing the affinity of microorganisms for substrates in this equation. The smaller the value, the stronger the affinity of the microorganism for the substrate, indicating that a higher reaction rate can be achieved with a lower substrate concentration. If a certain electrogenic bacterium... If the value is small, then even if the substrate concentration is not high, the electrogenic bacteria can efficiently utilize the substrate for electron transfer.

[0103] This is the electrical signal influence factor, a proportionality coefficient. It reflects the degree to which the electrical signal (E) affects the extracellular electron transport rate of microorganisms. Its specific value needs to be determined experimentally and is related to factors such as the type of microorganism and its environment. A larger value indicates that the electrical signal has a significant impact on the EET rate; a small change in the electrical signal may cause a large change in the EET rate.

[0104] This represents the electrical signal monitored in real time. In a storage tunnel system, the electrical signal reflects the electrochemical state within the system, such as redox potential. By monitoring the electrical signal, the system's operating status can be understood in real time, thereby allowing for the regulation of the EET rate of microorganisms. When the electrical signal changes, adjustments are made accordingly based on the equation. In order to maintain the stable operation of the system.

[0105] This is a proportionality coefficient, representing the influence factor on phenol concentration. It reflects the concentration of phenols. The extent to which it affects the rate of extracellular electron transport in microorganisms also needs to be determined experimentally, as it is influenced by factors such as microbial characteristics and the type of phenols. A large value indicates that changes in phenol concentration have a significant impact on the EET rate, and the system needs to more precisely control the phenol concentration to maintain a stable EET rate.

[0106] The value indicates the concentration of phenols. In the system, phenolic compounds (such as ferulic acid and p-coumaric acid) can either act as electron shuttles to promote the EET process or inhibit the activity of electrogenic bacteria at high concentrations. Therefore, real-time monitoring and regulation of phenol concentration is crucial for maintaining stable system operation. When the phenol concentration exceeds a certain threshold, it may inhibit the EET process of electrogenic bacteria. In this case, the phenol concentration can be regulated using a smart secretion capture-release module (SECM).

[0107] Traditional water quality models' biogeochemical modules only include microbial-substrate reaction kinetics, neglecting the influence of electrical signals on microbial energy exchange rate (EET). However, the electrically modified Michaelis-Menten kinetic equation quantifies the impact of electrical signals on microbial EET, overcoming the limitations of traditional models. By real-time monitoring of parameters such as electrical signals and phenol concentrations, the microbial EET rate can be precisely controlled according to the equation. A suitable EET rate helps optimize the removal process of heavy metal ions and improve treatment capacity.

[0108] Traditional water quality models lack the ability to monitor and simulate microscopic potential fluctuations and complex reaction pathways, making it impossible to accurately predict and regulate the removal process of heavy metal ions. The Michaelis-Menten kinetics application with electrical signal correction quantifies the impact of electrical signals on microbial energy transfer efficiency (EET), enabling precise regulation of the heavy metal ion removal process. It can adjust the microbial EET rate in a timely manner based on real-time monitoring data, ensuring the stability of material transport within the storage tunnel and overcoming the shortcomings of traditional models in this regard.

[0109] (II) Adaptive Feedback Control Algorithm:

[0110] Multimodal sensor fusion:

[0111] Integrating multimodal sensors such as μ-Eh microelectrodes, Raman spectrometers, and LC-MS microprobes, this system monitors the redox potential and Cu content within the tunnel in real time. 2+ A three-dimensional electrochemical state space is constructed using parameters such as valence state and phenol dynamics. When Cu is detected... 2+ The "electric pulse cleaning program" is triggered when the valence state changes drastically.

[0112] Current water quality monitoring methods mainly focus on macroscopic parameters such as pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), and total heavy metals, lacking high-frequency monitoring capabilities for micro-area redox potential, extracellular electron transport rate, and dynamic concentration of root exudates. Multimodal sensor fusion technology can comprehensively acquire electrochemical information and promptly capture parameter changes. By constructing a three-dimensional electrochemical state space, it can more accurately reflect the electrochemical state within the storage tunnel, providing accurate data support for adaptive feedback control. When abnormal parameter changes are detected, it can quickly respond and adjust the system's operating state, ensuring system stability and treatment effectiveness.

[0113] Traditional monitoring methods are insufficient for detecting microscopic mechanisms, making it impossible to promptly detect and respond to anomalies within the storage tunnel. Multimodal sensor fusion technology solves this problem by enabling high-frequency monitoring of micro-region redox potential, extracellular electron transport rate, and dynamic concentration of root exudates. Through real-time monitoring and data analysis, abnormal changes at the micro-plant interface can be detected promptly, providing a data foundation for precise system regulation and ensuring the normal transport of substances within the storage tunnel.

[0114] Impulse response compensation:

[0115] When the system detects an anomaly, it automatically triggers the "electro-pulse cleaning program," applying a pulse voltage and continuing for a period of time to reset the micro-area electrochemical environment.

[0116] Abnormal electronic coupling between electrogenic bacteria and the root system leads to decreased system performance and affects the heavy metal ion treatment capacity. Pulse response compensation, by applying a pulse voltage, can disrupt the abnormal electronic coupling between electrogenic bacteria and the root system, resetting the micro-area electrochemical environment. From the perspective of microbial electrochemistry, an appropriate pulse voltage can adjust the metabolic environment of microorganisms, restoring their normal metabolic activity, rapidly restoring their heavy metal ion treatment capacity, and maintaining the normal operation of the system.

[0117] Anomaly in electronic coupling at the microbial-plant interface is a significant cause of system failures, a problem that traditional methods cannot effectively address. The impulse response compensation function of an adaptive feedback control algorithm can effectively mitigate system failures caused by anomaly in electronic coupling at the microbial-plant interface. By resetting the micro-area electrochemical environment, normal system operation is restored, ensuring stable and efficient material transport within the storage tunnel.

[0118] Summarize:

[0119] This system effectively solves the problem of material transport imbalance within water storage tunnels. Regarding the failure of bioelectric signal coupling, it constructs artificial electron transport pathways and precisely regulates phenolic concentration through EBP-Cell and SECM modules, fundamentally resolving the problem of bioelectrochemical coupling failure at the microbial-plant interface and maintaining a stable redox microenvironment. Addressing cross-disciplinary knowledge gaps, it integrates multidisciplinary knowledge, utilizing BEMCM and AFCA to consider complex influencing factors and quantify cascade reaction pathways, breaking down the disciplinary barriers between hydraulic engineering and microbial electrochemistry. For the concealment of microscopic mechanisms, it achieves high-frequency monitoring and precise simulation through multimodal sensor fusion and BEMCM, compensating for the shortcomings of traditional monitoring and models. Regarding the issues of plant role transformation and threshold ambiguity, it clarifies the plant's regulatory role and quantifies the phenolic action threshold through SECM, achieving precise regulation. This provides a novel technological path for the design and operation of future ecological water conservancy projects.

Claims

1. A modular water storage tunnel and ecological landscape integrated system, characterized in that, It includes a water storage tunnel module, an ecological landscape module, and an intelligent control module; The water storage tunnel module includes an electroactive biofilm-plant root coupled reactor and an intelligent secretion capture-slow release module, which are used to achieve water storage and treatment of heavy metal ion pollutants. The ecological landscape module is set around and on top of the water storage tunnel. Through the configuration of wetland plants and the construction of ecological slope protection, it works in synergy with the water storage tunnel module to enhance the ecological function of the system. The intelligent control module monitors and controls the system operation in real time through a bio-electromechanical coupling model and an adaptive feedback control algorithm.

2. The modular water storage tunnel and ecological landscape integrated system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The electroactive biofilm-plant root coupled reactor includes: Chitosan conductive hydrogel lining doped with carbon nanotubes serves as a tunnel inner wall material, providing a growth environment for wetland plant roots and acting as an extracellular electron transport medium for microorganisms, thus constructing an artificial electron transport pathway. A biodegradable flexible microelectrode embedded in conductive hydrogel is used to monitor the redox potential of a micro-region in real time and to modulate the local electrochemical gradient by releasing pulse current.

3. The modular water storage tunnel and ecological landscape integrated system as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The intelligent secretion capture-slow release module includes a molecularly imprinted polymer film coated on the inner wall of the tunnel.

4. The modular water storage tunnel and ecological landscape integrated system as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The bio-electromechanical coupling model integrates fluid-solid-electric multi-field coupling simulations, embeds electrochemical impedance spectroscopy data of conductive hydrogels, and combines the Michaelis-Menten kinetic equation with electrical signal correction to quantify the effects of electrical signals and phenol concentration on the extracellular electron transfer rate of microorganisms, enabling accurate prediction of heavy metal ion migration.

5. The modular water storage tunnel and ecological landscape integrated system as described in claim 4, characterized in that: An adaptive feedback control algorithm integrates μ-Eh microelectrodes, Raman spectrometers, and LC-MS microprobes to construct a three-dimensional electrochemical state space, enabling real-time monitoring of redox potential and Cu. 2+ Valence state and dynamic parameters of phenols were determined, and the micro-region electrochemical environment was reset by pulsed current intervention.

6. The modular water storage tunnel and ecological landscape integrated system as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The molecularly imprinted polymer film has the ability to specifically recognize ferulic acid and coumaric acid. By voltage regulation, it enables phenolic compounds to switch between the functions of electron shuttle and metabolic disruptor, thus maintaining the stability of the redox microenvironment within the tunnel.

7. The modular water storage tunnel and ecological landscape integrated system as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The water storage tunnel module, ecological landscape module, and intelligent control module form a closed loop of monitoring-control-treatment through data interaction and functional synergy.

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