Multi-layer parallel 3D printing device and printing method

Abstract

The present invention provides a multi-layer parallel 3D printing device, which includes a translation component and a laser component, and also includes a doctor blade component, an air path system and a lifting system; the air path system includes at least two groups of smoke blowing components, and each group of smoke blowing components is used to absorb the soot generated in the corresponding laser processing area; there are multiple groups of doctor blade components, and each laser processing area is located on the moving track of one of the doctor blade components; the lifting system is used to separately adjust the height of each doctor blade component relative to the printing surface; the laser component includes at least two groups of laser output heads, each laser output head corresponds to a smoke blowing component one by one, and each laser output head faces the laser processing area of the corresponding smoke blowing component; the translation component is used to drive the smoke blowing component, the doctor blade component and the laser output head to move horizontally synchronously. The provided printing device is very suitable for the processing of large-size parts, not only with very high processing efficiency, but also effectively ensuring the processing quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to additive manufacturing equipment, and in particular to a multi-layer parallel 3D printing device and a printing method. Background Art

[0002] 3D printing is a high-end digital manufacturing technology that has rapidly developed in recent years. It is a rapid prototyping method that uses materials to accumulate layer by layer to manufacture solid parts. As the most cutting-edge and potential technology in the entire 3D printing system, metal 3D printing is an important development direction of the intelligent manufacturing industry.

[0003] In selective laser melting (SLM) for ensuring uniform powder spreading on the forming platform, the speed of the doctor blade cannot be set too fast. Therefore, too much time is consumed for powder spreading, resulting in a decrease in the final forming efficiency. In continuous powder spreading additive manufacturing equipment, powder spreading and scanning are carried out simultaneously during the SLM forming process, that is, a high-efficiency printing process of spreading powder while scanning.

[0004] When a metal SLM forming equipment processes parts, laser melting of powder will generate a phenomenon of spark sputtering and form soot. When the equipment processes parts for a long time, the soot is extremely likely to adhere to the laser protective mirror, resulting in unnecessary damage caused by the lens heating up; the soot blocks the laser irradiated from above, which is very likely to cause attenuation of the laser, reduce the laser energy in the powder bed area, and the powder cannot be melted as expected; the soot has a great impact on the printing quality of the workpiece. If the soot particles in a local area cannot be effectively sucked away, it will affect the printing quality. Currently, when processing large-sized parts, on the one hand, due to the large wind field, the air flow distribution is uneven, and the soot removal effect is not good, thus affecting the printing quality. On the other hand, the processing efficiency is relatively low. Summary of the Invention

[0005] An object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a multi-layer parallel 3D printing device for solving the problems of poor soot removal effect and relatively low processing efficiency when existing 3D printing equipment processes large-sized parts.

[0006] The present invention is implemented as follows:

[0007] An embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-layer parallel 3D printing device, including a translation component and a laser component, and further including a doctor blade component, an air duct system, and a lifting system;

[0008] The air duct system includes at least two groups of soot blowing components, and each group of the soot blowing components is used to absorb the soot generated in the corresponding laser processing area;

[0009] The doctor blade component has multiple groups, and each laser processing area is located on the moving track of one of the doctor blade components; the lifting system is used to independently adjust the height of each doctor blade component relative to the printing surface;

[0010] The laser assembly includes at least two sets of laser output heads, and each laser output head corresponds to a blowing and smoking assembly one by one. Each laser output head faces the laser processing area of the corresponding blowing and smoking assembly.

[0011] The translation assembly is used to drive the blowing and smoking assembly, the scraping blade assembly, and the laser output heads to move horizontally synchronously.

[0012] Further, the lifting system includes multiple sets of lifting platforms, and the lifting platforms correspond to the scraping blade assemblies one by one. The scraping blade assemblies are installed on the corresponding lifting platforms.

[0013] Further, the translation assembly includes an X-direction guide rail, and each blowing and smoking assembly is sequentially slidably arranged on the X-direction guide rail.

[0014] Further, there are n sets of blowing and smoking assemblies and n + 1 sets of scraping blade assemblies. Along the X direction, two sets of scraping blade assemblies are installed on the blowing and smoking assembly at one end, and the blowing and smoking assembly is located between the two sets of scraping blade assemblies; in addition, one set of scraping blade assembly is installed on each of the other blowing and smoking assemblies.

[0015] Further, the laser assembly further includes a fiber laser, a beam splitter, and multiple optical splitting paths. The beam splitter is connected to the fiber laser; each optical splitting path corresponds to a laser output head, and each optical splitting path connects the beam splitter to the corresponding laser output head, and a light shutter is arranged on each optical splitting path.

[0016] Further, the blowing and smoking assembly includes a blowing member and a suction member, and the blowing member and the suction member are arranged opposite to each other and a laser processing area is formed between the two.

[0017] Further, the blowing member includes a first box body, the first box body has an air outlet plate facing the suction member, and a plurality of air outlet holes are uniformly distributed in the air outlet area of the air outlet plate; the suction member includes a second box body, the second box body has a suction plate facing the blowing member, the suction plate has a suction area facing the air outlet area, and a plurality of suction holes are uniformly distributed in the suction area.

[0018] Further, a wind guiding plate is arranged in the first box body, and the wind guiding plate divides the internal space of the first box body into a plurality of wind guiding grooves; one end of each wind guiding groove communicates with the air inlet of the first box body, and the other end extends to the air outlet plate, and the wind guiding plate divides the air outlet area.

[0019] Further, the wind guiding grooves extend in an arc shape in the first box body.

[0020] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a multi-layer parallel 3D printing method, which uses the above printing device;

[0021] Adjust the height of each scraper assembly through the lifting system, and the height of each scraper assembly from the printing surface increases successively along the powder spreading direction. The translation assembly drives the smoke blowing assembly, the scraper assembly, and the laser head to move horizontally synchronously, and the laser assembly processes the printing surface during the horizontal movement.

[0022] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] In the present invention, the printing device has multiple groups of scraper assemblies, and the height of each scraper assembly relative to the printing surface can be controlled by the lifting system. Thus, the height of each scraper assembly can be adjusted according to the powder spreading thickness. The translation assembly drives the smoke blowing assembly, the scraper assembly, and the laser head to move horizontally synchronously, so that the printing device can perform multi-layer parallel printing, and the printing efficiency is very high. In addition, each group of smoke blowing assemblies corresponds to a laser processing area. The smoke blowing assembly is only used to absorb the smoke and dust generated in its corresponding laser processing area. The wind field area generated by the smoke blowing assembly is small, which can ensure the uniformity of the wind field airflow, and the smoke and dust removal effect is very good. Based on this, the printing device provided by the present invention is very suitable for processing large-format parts, not only with very high processing efficiency, but also effectively ensuring the processing quality. Description of the Drawings

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-layer parallel 3D printing device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the cooperation of the smoke blowing assembly, the lifting system, and the scraper assembly of a multi-layer parallel 3D printing device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the laser assembly of a multi-layer parallel 3D printing device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the back-and-forth printing of a multi-layer parallel 3D printing device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the air duct system of a multi-layer parallel 3D printing device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6Schematic diagram of the air blowing component structure of the multi-layer parallel 3D printing device provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the air suction component structure of the multi-layer parallel 3D printing device provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the cooperation structure between the air blowing component and the X-direction guide rail of the multi-layer parallel 3D printing device provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the cooperation structure between the air suction component and the X-direction guide rail of the multi-layer parallel 3D printing device provided by the embodiment of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0034] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0035] See Figures 1 - 3 , the embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-layer parallel 3D printing device, including a translation component 1, a laser component 5, a doctor blade component 2, an air path system 3, and a lifting system.

[0036] Among them,

[0037] The translation component 1 is a guiding component, which can control the laser component 5, the doctor blade component 2, the air path system 3, and the lifting system to move horizontally along the printing surface.

[0038] The laser component 5 is the main processing component. After powder is spread on the printing surface, the laser component 5 can emit a laser beam to melt and process the powder on the printing surface; in the present invention, the laser component 5 has at least two sets of laser output heads, and each laser output head can emit a laser. Therefore, in the present invention, the laser component 5 can realize multi-channel light output, and the above translation component 1 can drive the laser output heads to move horizontally.

[0039] The air duct system 3 is used to absorb the soot generated by powder sintering during the printing process. In the present invention, the air duct system 3 includes at least two sets of smoke blowing components 31. The light emitting head of the laser component 5 corresponds to each smoke blowing component 31 one by one. Each smoke blowing component 31 corresponds to a laser processing area. Specifically, the smoke blowing component 31 has an enclosed area, which is the laser processing area. The light emitting head of the laser component 5 faces the laser processing area. After the laser component 5 works, the light emitting head emits laser light to melt the powder in the laser processing area. At the same time, the smoke blowing component 31 can absorb the soot generated in the corresponding laser processing area. And because the translation component 1 drives the smoke blowing component 31 to move horizontally, the laser processing area of each smoke blowing component 31 is not a fixed position on the printing surface, but different areas of the printing surface corresponding to different translation positions. Under the action of the translation component 1, the light emitting head and the smoke blowing component 31 move horizontally synchronously. That is, during the horizontal movement, the relative position between the light emitting head and the laser processing area of the smoke blowing component 31 does not change, and the light emitting head can continuously emit laser light to its corresponding laser processing area.

[0040] The doctor blade assembly 2 corresponds to the powder spreading component. After the powder is spread on the printing surface, the powder can be evenly spread through the doctor blade assembly 2. The height between the doctor blade assembly 2 and the printing surface is the powder spreading thickness. In the present invention, the doctor blade assembly 2 also has multiple groups. Each laser processing area is located on the movement track of one of the doctor blade assemblies 2. Specifically, each smoke blowing component 31 corresponds to at least one doctor blade assembly 2, and the laser processing area of the smoke blowing component 31 moves horizontally along the track of the corresponding doctor blade assembly 2. That is, after the powder is spread by the doctor blade assembly 2, the laser processing area of the corresponding smoke blowing component 31 moves to the area after the action of the doctor blade assembly 2.

[0041] The lifting system is a newly added component of the present invention. It drives each doctor blade assembly 2 to move in the vertical direction. Specifically, it can drive each doctor blade assembly 2 to move vertically independently, so as to adjust the height between the doctor blade assembly 2 and the printing surface. In actual application, the height of each doctor blade assembly 2 can be adjusted. The height is related to the powder spreading thickness. Each doctor blade assembly 2 corresponds to a layer of powder spreading thickness. For example, when both the smoke blowing component 31 and the light emitting head are in three groups, along the powder spreading direction, the three doctor blade assemblies 2 correspond to the three smoke blowing components 31 one by one, and the three doctor blade assemblies 2 are arranged at intervals in sequence along the powder spreading direction. By adjusting the height difference between the three doctor blade assemblies 2 and the printing surface through the lifting system, assuming that the powder spreading thickness of each layer is 30 μm, then along the powder spreading direction, the height difference between the front doctor blade assembly 2 and the printing surface is 30 μm, the height difference between the middle doctor blade assembly 2 and the printing surface is 60 μm, and the height difference between the end doctor blade assembly 2 and the printing surface is 90 μm. And each doctor blade assembly 2 is located in front of the corresponding laser processing area.

[0042] In the present invention, multiple sets of blowing and smoking components 31, scraping blade components 2, and laser output heads are provided. Under the action of the translation component 1, all three can move horizontally along the printing surface. Since the scraping blade component 2 can adjust its height through a lifting system, different layers of printing can be achieved. Specifically, the part to be printed is pre-divided into multiple layers in the height direction, with each layer having the same thickness, such as the aforementioned 30 μm. Along the powder spreading direction, the height difference between each scraping blade component 2 and the printing surface increases by one powder spreading thickness in sequence. Thus, after the scraping blade component 2 at the front flattens the powder on the printing surface, the corresponding laser output head performs laser processing on the spread powder. The subsequent scraping blade components 2 and laser output heads continue to spread and process the powder on the layer processed by the previous adjacent laser output head. Due to the driving action of the translation component 1, all the blowing and smoking components 31, scraping blade components 2, and laser output heads move synchronously, so the processing of each layer is approximately synchronous, that is, multi-layer parallel 3D printing can be achieved, and the printing efficiency is greatly improved. In addition, there are multiple sets of blowing and smoking components 31 and they can translate. The laser processing area corresponding to each blowing and smoking component 31 is small, that is, the wind field generated by the blowing and smoking component 31 is relatively small, which can ensure the uniformity of the wind field airflow and has a very good effect on removing dust.

[0043] Based on the above analysis, the printing device provided by the present invention is very suitable for processing large-format parts, not only with very high processing efficiency, but also capable of ensuring the processing quality.

[0044] In a preferred solution, the lifting system includes multiple sets of lifting platforms 4, and the lifting platforms 4 correspond to the scraping blade components 2 one by one. The scraping blade components 2 are installed on the corresponding lifting platforms 4. In this embodiment, the lifting platforms 4 adopt high-precision vertical lifting platforms 4, which are precision adjustment devices. The scraping blades of the scraping blade components 2 are installed on the corresponding lifting platforms 4, and the lifting is adjusted by a pulse control motor, with an accuracy that can reach 5 μm, which is sufficient to control the powder spreading layer thickness requirements in the metal 3D printing process. Moreover, each pulse control motor is connected to the control center of the printing device, and the height of the vertical lifting platform 4 is accurately controlled electrically, thereby achieving high-precision adjustment of the scraping blade height. For the lifting platform 4, it can be installed on the corresponding blowing and smoking component 31, and along the powder spreading direction, the lifting platform 4 is located in front of the blowing and smoking component 31.

[0045] In an embodiment provided by the present invention, the translation component 1 includes an X-direction guide rail 11, and each blowing and smoking component 31 is sequentially slidably arranged on the X-direction guide rail 11. Thus, the blowing and smoking component 31 can translate along the X direction, where the extending direction of the X-direction guide rail 11 is the powder spreading direction. Of course, in an embodiment, the translation component 1 further includes a Y-direction guide rail, and the X-direction guide rail 11 is slidably arranged on the Y-direction guide rail. Thus, the blowing and smoking component 31, etc. can move horizontally in both the X and Y directions.

[0046] See Figures 2 - 4, Optimize the above embodiment. There are n sets of blowing and smoking components 31 and n + 1 sets of scraping knife components 2, that is, the scraping knife components 2 are one set more than the blowing and smoking components 31. Specifically along the X direction, two sets of scraping knife components 2 are installed on the blowing and smoking component 31 at one end, and the blowing and smoking component 31 is located between the two sets of scraping knife components 2, that is, it is installed in front of and behind the blowing and smoking component 31, and one set of scraping knife components 2 is installed on each of the other blowing and smoking components 31.

[0047] In this embodiment, when n is 3, there are three sets of blowing and smoking components 31 and the light emitting heads, and four sets of scraping knife components 2. Assume that the three sets of blowing and smoking components 31 are the 1st blowing and smoking component 31, the 2nd blowing and smoking component 31, and the 3rd blowing and smoking component in sequence, and the four sets of scraping knife components 2 are the 1st scraping knife component 2, the 2nd scraping knife component 2, the 3rd scraping knife component 2, and the 4th scraping knife component 2 in sequence. Among them, the 1st scraping knife component 2 is installed on the 1st blowing and smoking component 31, the 2nd scraping knife component 2 is installed on the 2nd blowing and smoking component 31, and both the 3rd scraping knife component 2 and the 4th scraping knife component 2 are installed on the 3rd blowing and smoking component 31. Taking one direction of the X-direction guide rail 11 as the powder spreading direction, the 1st scraping knife component 2 is located in front of the 1st blowing and smoking component 31, the 2nd scraping knife component 2 is located in front of the 2nd blowing and smoking component 31, the 3rd scraping knife component 2 is located in front of the 3rd blowing and smoking component 31, and the 4th scraping knife component 2 is located behind the 3rd blowing and smoking component 31, that is, the 2nd scraping knife component 2 is located between the 1st blowing and smoking component 31 and the 2nd blowing and smoking component 31, and the 3rd scraping knife component 2 is located between the 2nd blowing and smoking component 31 and the 3rd blowing and smoking component 31.

[0048] When moving along the above powder spreading direction, adjust the height of each scraping knife component 2. The height between the 1st scraping knife component 2 and the printing surface is 30 μm, the height between the 2nd scraping knife component 2 and the printing surface is 60 μm, the height between the 3rd scraping knife component 2 and the printing surface is 90 μm, and the height between the 4th scraping knife component 2 and the printing surface is not less than 90 μm. Drive each blowing and smoking component 31, the light emitting head, and the scraping knife component 2 to move synchronously along the powder spreading direction through the translation component 1. The 1st blowing and smoking component 31 corresponds to the light emitting head to process the powder after being flattened by the 1st scraping knife component 2, the 2nd blowing and smoking component 31 corresponds to the light emitting head to process the powder after being flattened by the 2nd scraping knife component 2, the 3rd blowing and smoking component 31 corresponds to the light emitting head to process the powder after being flattened by the 3rd scraping knife component 2, and the 1st scraping knife component 2 spreads the powder on the printing surface, the 2nd scraping knife component 2 spreads the powder on the layer after being processed by the corresponding light emitting head of the 1st blowing and smoking component 31, the 3rd scraping knife component 2 spreads the powder on the layer after being processed by the corresponding light emitting head of the 2nd blowing and smoking component 31. Although there is a certain sequence in the powder spreading actions of the 1st scraping knife component 2, the 2nd scraping knife component 2, and the 3rd scraping knife component 2, the overall actions are basically the same, that is, at this time, the printing device can print three layers simultaneously. The 1st scraping knife component 2 corresponds to layer 1, the 2nd scraping knife component 2 corresponds to layer 2, and the 3rd scraping knife component 2 corresponds to layer 3.

[0049] When it moves to the end along the above powder spreading direction, the other direction of the X-direction guide rail 11 is taken as the powder spreading direction (opposite to the previous powder spreading direction), and the heights of each blade assembly 2 are adjusted. The height of the No. 4 blade assembly 2 from the printing surface is 120 μm (the layer height after the above printing process is 30 μm), the height of the No. 3 blade assembly 2 from the printing surface is 150 μm, the height of the No. 2 blade assembly 2 from the printing surface is 180 μm, and the height of the No. 1 blade assembly 2 from the printing surface is not less than 180 μm. However, in the actual processing, it is not only to control the movement of the blade assembly 2 in the vertical direction, but to control the vertical downward movement of the printing surface and the printed layers thereon by 30 μm, and then adjust the height difference between each blade assembly 2 and the printing surface. Thus, the height adjustment range (0-60 μm) of each printing assembly is relatively small. The translation component 1 drives each smoke blowing component 31, the laser output head and the blade assembly 2 to move synchronously along the current powder spreading direction. The No. 3 smoke blowing component 31 corresponds to the laser output head to process the powder spread by the No. 4 blade assembly 2, the No. 2 smoke blowing component 31 corresponds to the laser output head to process the powder spread by the No. 3 blade assembly 2, and the No. 1 smoke blowing component 31 corresponds to the laser output head to process the powder spread by the No. 2 blade assembly 2. Moreover, the No. 4 blade assembly 2 spreads powder on the 3rd layer, the No. 3 blade assembly 2 spreads powder on the layer after being processed by the corresponding laser output head of the No. 3 smoke blowing component 31, and the No. 2 blade assembly 2 spreads powder on the layer after being processed by the corresponding laser output head of the No. 2 smoke blowing component 31. That is, at this time, the printing device can also print three layers simultaneously. The No. 4 blade assembly 2 corresponds to the 4th layer, the No. 3 blade assembly 2 corresponds to the 5th layer, and the No. 2 blade assembly 2 corresponds to the 6th layer.

[0050] Thus, in this embodiment, by setting the number and layout positions of the doctor blade assemblies 2, multi-layer parallel printing can be achieved during the reciprocating movement of the smoke blowing assembly 31 along the X-direction guide rail 11. Additionally, based on the above analysis, the number of layers of the part to be printed is pre-separated according to the powder spreading layer thickness. For example, when the number of layers is n, each layer is sequentially marked as 1, 2, 3,......, n. Additionally, according to the number of groups of the doctor blade assemblies 2, the corresponding layers are allocated. For example, when the number of groups of the doctor blade assemblies 2 is m, the 1st doctor blade assembly 2 corresponds to layer 1, the 2nd doctor blade assembly 2 corresponds to layer 2,......, the (m - 1)th doctor blade assembly 2 corresponds to layer (m - 1), the mth doctor blade assembly 2 corresponds to layer m, the (m - 1)th doctor blade assembly 2 corresponds to layer (m + 1),......, the 2nd doctor blade assembly 2 corresponds to layer 2(m - 1), the 1st doctor blade assembly 2 corresponds to layer (2m - 1), the 2nd doctor blade assembly 2 corresponds to layer 2m, and so on until the allocation of all n layers is completed; and when the 1st doctor blade assembly 2 and the mth doctor blade assembly 2 spread the powder, the lifting table 4 controls them to be at the lowest position of all the doctor blade assemblies 2, and along the powder spreading direction, the layer thickness height of each doctor blade assembly 2 increases in sequence, and the height of the doctor blade assembly 2 at the end is not lower than the height of the penultimate doctor blade assembly 2. The printing device provided by the present invention pre-stores the above control logic in its control center, and thus can realize the automatic control of the height of each doctor blade assembly 2 during the printing process to ensure its printing efficiency.

[0051] See Figure 3 , in an embodiment of the present invention, the laser assembly 5 further includes a fiber laser 51, a beam splitter 52, and multiple optical splitting paths 53, where the optical splitting paths 53 correspond to the output heads one by one. The light emitted by the fiber laser 51 is split by the beam splitter 52 into each optical splitting path 53, and then transmitted to the corresponding output head through the optical splitting path 53. In this embodiment, the printing device uses one fiber laser 51 corresponding to multiple output heads, that is, one fiber laser 51 is used to achieve multi-layer parallel laser processing, and a shutter 54 is provided on each optical splitting path 53 to control the on / off of the optical path of the corresponding optical splitting path 53, and the shutter 54 can be controlled to be switched on or off according to the powder spreading pattern of the corresponding layer in actual printing. Of course, a scanning galvanometer 55 should be provided on each optical splitting path 53.

[0052] See Figure 1 and Figure 5, in an embodiment of the present invention, the smoke blowing assembly 31 includes a blowing member 32 and a suction member 33. The blowing member 32 and the suction member 33 are oppositely arranged, and a laser processing area is formed therebetween. In this embodiment, the structure of the smoke blowing assembly 31 is refined. The blowing member 32 is used to blow air into the suction member 33, so that a wind field can be formed between the blowing member 32 and the suction member 33. The laser processing area is located in this wind field, and thus the smoke and dust generated in the laser processing area can enter the suction member 33. Based on this, when there are multiple groups of the smoke blowing assembly 31, the blowing member 32 and the suction member 33 are alternately arranged in sequence along the X-direction guide rail 11, and a scraper assembly 2 is arranged between adjacent blowing members 32 and suction members 33.

[0053] See Figures 5 - 9 , both the blowing member 32 and the suction member 33 are box structures, and both are slidably arranged on the X-direction guide rail 11. During the translation process, they move synchronously, so that the distance between them can be controlled to be relatively small. For example, in a preferred solution, the distance between the blowing member 32 and the suction member 33 is 10 cm, that is, the width of the wind field between them can be controlled to be 10 cm to ensure the uniformity of the wind field between them. In a specific solution, the blowing member 32 includes a first box body 321. The first box body 321 has an air outlet plate 322 facing the suction member 33, and a plurality of air outlet holes 323 are uniformly distributed in the air outlet area of the air outlet plate 322; correspondingly, the suction member 33 includes a second box body 331. The second box body 331 has a suction plate 332 facing the blowing member 32. The suction plate 332 has a suction area facing the air outlet area, and a plurality of suction holes are uniformly distributed in the suction area.

[0054] In the preferred above embodiment, a wind guide plate 324 is arranged in the first box body 321. The wind guide plate 324 divides the internal space of the first box body 321 into a plurality of wind guide grooves 325; one end of each wind guide groove 325 communicates with the air inlet 326 of the first box body 321, and the other end extends to the air outlet plate 322, and the wind guide plate 324 divides the air outlet area. In this embodiment, the air inlet 326 of the first box body 321 is located on one side of the X-direction guide rail 11, which can avoid interference between the external air inlet pipe and the suction member 33 of the adjacent smoke blowing assembly 31 (since multiple groups of smoke blowing assemblies 31 are provided in the present invention, when the air inlet 326 of the first box body 321 faces the extension direction of the X-direction guide rail 11, the interval space between two adjacent groups of smoke blowing assemblies 31 will affect the installation of the external air inlet pipe). Therefore, it is not in the same direction as the air outlet holes 323 of the air outlet plate 322. Through multiple arc-shaped wind guide plates 324, the wind guide grooves 325 in the first box body 321 are enclosed into an arc shape. Of course, the so-called arc shape does not mean that the whole wind guide plate 324 extends in an arc shape, but only part of the area extends in an arc shape to change the air flow direction in the wind guide groove 325 and reduce the air flow impact, so that the air flow discharged from the air outlet plate 322 can be uniform and stable.

[0055] Correspondingly, the air outlet 336 of the second box body 331 is also arranged on one side of the X-direction guide rail 11, which can also avoid the interference between the externally connected air outlet pipe and the blowing member 32 of the adjacent smoke blowing assembly 31. Therefore, it is not in the same direction as the air suction holes of the air suction plate 332. Thus, an arc-shaped air guiding structure 333 similar to the air guiding groove 325 in the first box body 321 is formed in the second box body 331, which can also reduce the air flow impact in the second box body 331. Specifically, the air inlet 326 of the first box body 321 is connected to the air inlet pipe through a stainless steel pipe clamp 327, and the externally connected exhaust pipe is connected to the air outlet 336 of the second box body 331 through a stainless steel pipe clamp 334. A first support shaft 328 can be arranged on the first box body 321, the air inlet 326 is arranged on the first support shaft 328, and the first support shaft 328 is fixed to the first slider 111 of the X-direction guide rail 11 through a stainless steel pipe clamp 327; similarly, a second support shaft 335 is arranged on the second box body 331, the air outlet 336 is arranged on the second support shaft 335, and the second support shaft 335 is fixed to the second slider 112 of the X-direction guide rail 11 through a stainless steel pipe clamp 334. In a preferred solution, two X-direction guide rails 11 are arranged, and the two X-direction guide rails 11 jointly support each smoke blowing assembly 31, and the first slider 111 and the second slider 112 are respectively located on the two X-direction guide rails 11.

[0056] In this embodiment, through the cooperation of the blowing member 32 and the air suction member 33 with such a structure, the uniformity of the air field between the two can be further enhanced, and the negative effect of air volume disturbance on the air flow can be reduced to the greatest extent; it can effectively remove the soot and splashes during the printing process, protect the laser goggles, improve the printing quality, and ensure the uniform molding of the parts.

[0057] See Figures 1 - 4 , the embodiment of the present invention also provides a multi-layer parallel 3D printing method. Using the above printing device, during printing, the height between each blade assembly 2 and the printing surface is adjusted through the lifting system, and the height of each blade assembly 2 from the printing surface increases in sequence along the powder spreading direction, and the sequentially increased height is the printing layer thickness. And under the driving action of the translation assembly 1, each smoke blowing assembly 31, blade assembly 2, and laser head move horizontally synchronously, and during the horizontal movement, the laser assembly 5 processes the printing surface, thereby realizing multi-layer parallel 3D printing. By using this printing method to process large-format parts, not only the processing efficiency is very high, but also the processing quality is effectively guaranteed. In addition, for the printing method provided by the embodiment of the present invention, according to the number and setting method of the blade assemblies 2, multi-layer parallel printing can be realized when the smoke blowing assembly 31 moves back and forth along the X-direction guide rail 11. The specific implementation method will not be elaborated here.

[0058] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-layer parallel 3D printing device, comprising a translation component and a laser component, characterized in that: It also includes a scraper assembly, an air duct system, and a lifting system; The wind duct system includes at least two groups of smoke blowing components, each group of the smoke blowing components is used to absorb smoke generated in the corresponding laser processing area; The scraper assembly has multiple groups, and each of the laser processing areas is located on the moving track of one of the scraper assemblies; the lifting system is used to individually adjust the height of each scraper assembly relative to the printing surface; The laser assembly includes at least two groups of light emitting heads, each of which corresponds to a smoke blowing assembly one by one, and each of which faces the laser processing area of ​​the corresponding smoke blowing assembly; The translation assembly is used to drive the smoke blowing assembly, the scraper assembly and the light output head to move horizontally synchronously; The translation assembly includes an X-guide rail, and each of the smoke blowing assemblies is slidably arranged on the X-guide rail in sequence; the X-guide rail has two rails; The smoke blowing components are n groups, and the scraper components are n+1 groups; along the X direction, two groups of scraper components are installed on the smoke blowing components located at one end, and the smoke blowing component is located between the two groups of scraper components; in addition, each of the smoke blowing components is installed with a group of scraper components, and the smoke blowing component is located between the scraper components of the corresponding scraper component and the adjacent smoke blowing component; the smoke blowing component includes a blowing member and an air suction member, the blowing member and the air suction member are arranged opposite to each other and the laser processing area is formed therebetween, the blowing member is slidably arranged on one of the X-direction guide rails through a first supporting shaft, and the air suction member is slidably arranged on the other X-direction guide rail through a second supporting shaft, the first supporting shaft is provided with an air inlet connected to the blowing member, and the second supporting shaft is provided with an air outlet connected to the air suction member.

2. The multi-layer parallel 3D printing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting system comprises a plurality of lifting platforms, each of which corresponds to a scraper assembly one by one, and each scraper assembly is mounted on a corresponding lifting platform.

3. The multi-layer parallel 3D printing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser assembly also includes a fiber laser, a beam splitter and multiple branch light paths, the beam splitter is connected to the fiber laser; each branch light path corresponds to a light output head one by one, each branch light path connects the beam splitter and the corresponding light output head, and an optical gate is arranged on each branch light path.

4. The multi-layer parallel 3D printing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blowing member includes a first box body, the first box body has an air outlet plate facing the air suction member, and a plurality of air outlet holes are evenly distributed in the air outlet area of ​​the air outlet plate; the air suction member includes a second box body, the second box body has an air suction plate facing the air outlet member, the air suction plate has an air suction area facing the air outlet area, and a plurality of air suction holes are evenly distributed in the air suction area.

5. The multi-layer parallel 3D printing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: An air guide plate is arranged in the first box body, and the air guide plate divides the internal space of the first box body into a plurality of air guide grooves; one end of each of the air guide grooves is connected to the air inlet of the first box body, and the other end extends to the air outlet plate, and the air guide plate is divided into air outlet areas.

6. The multi-layer parallel 3D printing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The air guide groove extends in an arc shape inside the first box.

7. A multi-layer parallel 3D printing method, characterized in that: Using the printing device as described in any one of claims 1 to 6; The height of each scraper assembly is adjusted by the lifting system, and the height of each scraper assembly from the printing surface increases successively along the powder spreading direction. The translation assembly drives the smoke blowing assembly, the scraper assembly and the laser head to move horizontally synchronously, and the laser assembly processes the printing surface during the horizontal movement.

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