A screening machine for recycling scrap aluminum

Abstract

The invention discloses a screening machine for recycling waste aluminum, which belongs to the technical field of waste aluminum recycling, and comprises a melting furnace, a granulating device, a vibrating device and a melting traction device. A plurality of vibration source components are arranged on the bottom wall of the vibrating device. The melting traction device comprises a conveying pump, a smelting chamber, a cooling channel and a traction port which are sequentially connected along the material conveying direction, and a plurality of melting traction devices are arranged on the side wall of the vibrating device, and the conveying pump is connected to the inside of the vibrating device. The melting furnace is used for the preliminary purification of waste aluminum, and the impurities in the waste aluminum are formed into slag and gas for removal. The molten aluminum liquid enters the granulating device for treatment to form mixed particles, and the mixed particles enter the vibrating device and are stratified by vibration. The aluminum is then pulled out in a rod shape by the melting traction device to complete the purification and recycling of the waste aluminum. The aluminum recovered by the screening machine has a high recovery rate and purity, and the equipment is automated, which can effectively improve the recyclability of waste aluminum.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of waste aluminum recycling, in particular to a screening machine for waste aluminum recycling. Background Art

[0002] Aluminum is an important metal resource, widely used in construction, transportation, electronic products and other fields. However, the mining and production process of aluminum consumes a lot of energy, and produces a lot of waste and wastewater, which has a serious impact on the environment. In order to reduce resource waste and environmental pollution and improve resource utilization efficiency, waste aluminum recycling has become a top priority.

[0003] Scrap aluminum comes from a wide range of sources, including construction waste, auto parts, packaging materials, etc., which contain a large amount of non-metallic and metallic compounds. Therefore, in the process of recycling scrap aluminum, it is necessary to separate aluminum from impurities through a purification process, and further refine aluminum metal with higher purity through a refining process.

[0004] The scrap aluminum to be screened needs to be broken into particles of appropriate size, usually by mechanical crushing or shearing. However, the particle size produced by this crushing method is unstable, and a large amount of compounds, especially iron and other heavy metals, will still remain in the scrap aluminum particles and cannot be removed. Screening such scrap aluminum particles through a magnetic separator will reduce the aluminum recovery rate. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a screening machine for recycling scrap aluminum to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0006] Provided is a screening machine for recycling scrap aluminum, comprising:

[0007] Melting furnace;

[0008] A granulation device, wherein an input port of the granulation device is connected to the melting furnace;

[0009] A vibration device, the vibration device is connected to the output port of the granulation device, and a plurality of vibration source components are arranged on the bottom wall of the vibration device;

[0010] The molten traction equipment comprises a conveying pump, a smelting chamber, a cooling channel and a traction port which are sequentially connected along the material conveying direction. Several of the molten traction equipment are arranged on the side wall of the vibration equipment, and the conveying pump is connected to the inside of the vibration equipment.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention: the granulation equipment includes a control valve, an ultrasonic transducer and a high-pressure air gun, the control valve is connected to the melting furnace, the ultrasonic transducer is externally connected to an ultrasonic generator, the ultrasonic transducer is inclined relative to the output valve port of the control valve and is arranged opposite to the valve port, and the high-pressure air gun is used to output high-pressure airflow.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: the vibration source component is used to generate vibration in the horizontal direction and vibration in the vertical direction.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: the shell of the vibration equipment is composed of a vibration shaker and a fixed top cover, the vibration source component is arranged on the bottom wall of the vibration shaker, a plurality of the melt pulling devices are fixedly connected to the fixed top cover, and a first buffer device is arranged between the vibration shaker and the fixed top cover.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention: the vibration source assembly includes a plurality of horizontal vibration sources and an axial vibration source, wherein the plurality of horizontal vibration sources are arranged on the inner bottom wall of the vibration shaker for outputting horizontal vibrations, and the axial vibration source is arranged on the outer bottom wall of the vibration shaker for outputting vertical vibrations, and a second buffer device is arranged between the axial vibration source and the bottom wall of the vibration shaker.

[0015] As a further solution of the present invention: the aluminum particles produced by the granulation equipment have a particle size range of 0.5mm to 3mm, a horizontal vibration amplitude of 0.5mm to 3mm, a horizontal vibration frequency of 6Hz to 10Hz, a vertical vibration amplitude of 0.5mm to 3mm, and a vertical vibration frequency of 6Hz to 10Hz.

[0016] As a further solution of the present invention: an electromagnetic heating coil is arranged on the periphery of the smelting chamber, and a conical necking with a gradually decreasing inner diameter is formed at one end of the smelting chamber close to the cooling channel.

[0017] As a further solution of the present invention: a cooling liquid delivery coil is arranged on the periphery of the cooling channel.

[0018] As a further solution of the present invention: the molten traction equipment also includes a plurality of traction machines, and the plurality of traction machines are located at the output port of the traction port and are used for traction of the cooled aluminum rods.

[0019] As a further solution of the present invention: the traction machine includes a crawler and a plurality of rollers, the crawler is drivingly connected to the plurality of rollers, and the crawlers on the plurality of traction machines are in contact with the surface of the aluminum rod.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] The melting furnace is used for the preliminary purification of waste aluminum, and the impurities in the waste aluminum are formed into slag and gas to remove them, including some oxides, organic compounds, coatings and non-metallic impurities. The molten aluminum liquid enters the granulation equipment for processing, so that the aluminum liquid forms aluminum particles with a certain particle size, which can change some heavy metals such as aluminum and iron from the adhesion state to the separation state. After the mixed particles enter the vibration equipment, the aluminum particles and other heavy metals are separated and layered by vibration to achieve the purification of aluminum particles. After the metal particles are layered to a certain extent, the aluminum is pulled out into a rod shape through the melting traction equipment to complete the purification and recovery of the waste aluminum. The aluminum recovered by the screening machine has a high recovery rate and purity, and the equipment is automated, which can effectively improve the recyclability of waste aluminum. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 The overall structure diagram of a screening machine for recycling scrap aluminum is shown;

[0024] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the granulation equipment provided by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the vibration device provided by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the melt pulling equipment provided by the present invention.

[0027] In the figure: 1. melting furnace; 2. granulation equipment; 21. control valve; 22. ultrasonic transducer; 23. high-pressure air gun; 3. vibration equipment; 31. vibration source assembly; 311. horizontal vibration source; 312. axial vibration source; 32. vibrating shaker; 33. fixed top cover; 34. first buffer device; 35. second buffer device; 4. melting traction equipment; 41. conveying pump; 42. smelting chamber; 421. electromagnetic heating coil; 422. conical necking; 43. cooling channel; 431. coolant conveying coil; 44. traction port; 45. traction machine; 451. crawler; 452. roller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention, that is, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0029] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] See also Figure 1-4 As shown, in the embodiment of the present invention, a melting furnace 1, a granulating device 2, a vibration device 3 and a melting traction device 4 are included. The input port of the granulating device 2 is connected to the melting furnace 1. The vibration device 3 is connected to the output port of the granulating device 2, and a plurality of vibration source components 31 are arranged on the bottom wall of the vibration device 3. The melting traction device 4 includes a conveying pump 41, a smelting chamber 42, a cooling channel 43 and a traction port 44 which are sequentially connected along the material conveying direction. A plurality of melting traction devices 4 are arranged on the side wall of the vibration device 3, and the conveying pump 41 is connected to the inside of the vibration device 3.

[0031] After the scrap aluminum enters the melting furnace 1, it is heated to become a molten state. The scrap aluminum and impurities usually form substances of different densities. Impurities with higher density tend to settle to the bottom of the scrap aluminum liquid to form slag, while relatively pure aluminum metal floats on the surface. The scrap aluminum and the impurities therein may form volatile gases or compounds insoluble in aluminum metal at high temperatures, thereby being discharged or precipitated. In the molten state, a layer of strong surface tension will form on the surface of the liquid aluminum metal, so that lighter impurities tend to be squeezed out of the surface of the aluminum liquid and concentrated on the surface, further facilitating removal. The preliminary impurity removal and purification of scrap aluminum can be achieved by the melting furnace 1. The aluminum liquid discharged from the melting furnace 1 mainly contains some heavy metal substances such as iron.

[0032] After the aluminum liquid enters the granulation equipment 2, it is processed to form particles with a certain particle size, so that aluminum and iron and other metals are separated as much as possible, providing a basis for the subsequent purification steps. The formed aluminum particles need to have a high uniformity and an appropriate particle size, so that after being transported to the vibration equipment 3, they form a significant stratification effect under the vibration of the vibration source component 31. After the mixed particles in the vibration equipment 3 are obviously stratified, the upper aluminum particles with higher purity are transported to the smelting chamber 42 by the delivery pump 41, and heated to a molten state in the smelting chamber 42 to form aluminum liquid. Under the continuous push of the delivery pump 41, the aluminum liquid continues to be transported to the cooling channel 43, and after cooling, it forms aluminum rods and is discharged from the traction port 44, which is convenient for subsequent transportation and processing.

[0033] In the vibration step, since the aluminum particles need to have an appropriate particle size and a high particle size uniformity, conventional rolling crushing and collision crushing cannot meet the requirements. Therefore, the present invention crushes the aluminum liquid through the ultrasonic atomization principle.

[0034] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, specifically, the granulation equipment 2 includes a control valve 21, an ultrasonic transducer 22 and a high-pressure air gun 23. The control valve 21 connects the granulation equipment 2 with the melting furnace 1. The control valve 21 can control the flow rate of the aluminum liquid from the melting furnace 1 to the granulation equipment 2, so that the aluminum liquid forms a drop shape and falls on the ultrasonic transducer 22 at a specific flow rate and falling frequency. The ultrasonic transducer 22 is externally connected to an ultrasonic generator. The higher vibration frequency on the surface of the ultrasonic transducer 22 can form local high-pressure and low-pressure areas in the aluminum liquid, thereby causing the formation and rupture of tiny bubbles in the aluminum liquid, and then forming droplets with a certain particle size. The ultrasonic transducer 22 is inclined relative to the output valve port of the control valve 21 and is arranged opposite to the valve port. The aluminum droplets at the valve port fall onto the surface of the ultrasonic transducer 22 and then rupture to form multiple droplets. The droplets are splashed into the air at a certain angle through the inclined surface to prevent the droplets from accumulating on the surface of the ultrasonic transducer 22. The high-pressure air gun 23 is used to output high-pressure airflow to the splashing droplets. The high-pressure airflow can instantly reduce the temperature of the aluminum droplets to form solid particles, and continuously transport the mixed particles to the vibration device 3 driven by the high-pressure airflow.

[0035] The ultrasonic generator outputs ultrasonic waves of a stable frequency to the ultrasonic transducer 22. Under the stable ultrasonic frequency, the aluminum liquid will form droplets of a specific and uniform particle size, while other heavy metals such as iron will form droplets of larger particle size due to different densities. The stratification effect of mixed particles of different particle sizes and densities under vibration is more obvious.

[0036] When the mixed particles enter one side of the vibration device 3 from the granulation device 2, the mixed particles will gradually extend toward the lower horizontal height under the effect of vibration, thereby making the internal materials flat. In order to improve the stratification effect of vibration, the vibration source component 31 can generate horizontal vibration and vertical vibration. Simultaneously applying horizontal and vertical vibrations can form a combined oscillation, which accelerates the stratification speed and stratification effect of the mixed particles. Aluminum particles with lower density are distributed in the upper layer, and other metal particles with higher density are distributed in the lower layer.

[0037] See also Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, the shell of the vibration device 3 is composed of a vibration shaker 32 and a fixed top cover 33. The vibration shaker 32 can perform combined swing under the action of horizontal vibration and vertical vibration. The vibration source component 31 is arranged on the bottom wall of the vibration shaker 32 to vibrate and stratify the mixed particles placed therein. The fixed top cover 33 is mounted on the frame of the screening machine equipment and remains fixed. A number of molten traction devices 4 are fixedly connected to the fixed top cover 33. The fixed top cover 33 is kept stable during the swinging process of the vibration shaker 32, so that the aluminum rod is stably pulled, and the aluminum rod is prevented from vibrating and deforming during the traction process, thereby reducing the traction resistance. A first buffer device 34 is arranged between the vibration shaker 32 and the fixed top cover 33, which plays a role in buffering and stabilizing the vibration of the vibration shaker 32.

[0038] Further, the vibration source assembly 31 includes a plurality of horizontal vibration sources 311 and an axial vibration source 312, wherein the horizontal vibration source 311 is used to output horizontal vibration, and the axial vibration source 312 is used to output vertical vibration. The plurality of horizontal vibration sources 311 are arranged on the inner bottom wall of the vibration table 32, and directly output horizontal vibration to the mixed particles. The axial vibration source 312 is arranged on the outer bottom wall of the vibration table 32, so that the vibration table 32 as a whole generates vertical vibration. In this way, it is possible to avoid the vibration table 32 taking the intermediate shaft as the axis center, and the whole body is swayed in the bending direction and generates centrifugal force, resulting in uneven particle layer thickness in the middle part and the surrounding side. A second buffer device 35 is arranged between the axial vibration source 312 and the bottom wall of the vibration table 32, which plays a role of buffering and stabilizing vibration of the vibration table 32.

[0039] The stratification effect of mixed particles is mainly affected by the particle size, vibration amplitude and vibration frequency of the particles. Too small frequency and amplitude in vibration are not easy to produce obvious stratification effect, and the stratification process is relatively slow. Excessive vibration frequency and amplitude will cause the particle movement amplitude to be too large to produce chaos, and the stratification effect cannot be produced. Therefore, the particle size range of aluminum particles made by granulation equipment 2 is 0.5mm~3mm, while the particle size of iron and other metals is generally larger than that of aluminum particles. The horizontal vibration amplitude is 0.5mm~3mm, the horizontal vibration frequency is 6Hz~10Hz, the vertical vibration amplitude is 0.5mm~3mm, and the vertical vibration frequency is 6Hz~10Hz. The horizontal vibration amplitude and the vertical vibration amplitude are kept at half or equal to the average particle size of the aluminum particles to improve the propagation effect.

[0040] The delivery pump 41 can be specifically a screw pump. The screw pump can transport solid materials from a low place to a high place through the rotation of the screw, and the transportation speed and transportation volume are stable and not easy to get stuck. The smelting chamber 42 is used to heat the aluminum particles to a molten state. The screw pump can withstand high temperatures and can work normally even if the molten aluminum flows back into the screw pump. Since the screw stroke in the screw pump is long, it can effectively ensure that the molten aluminum will not flow back into the vibration device 3.

[0041] See also Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, an electromagnetic heating coil 421 is arranged on the periphery of the smelting chamber 42, and the aluminum particles are heated by electromagnetic induction to melt the aluminum particles. A conical necking 422 with a gradually decreasing inner diameter is formed at one end of the smelting chamber 42 close to the cooling channel 43. The conical necking 422 is used to control the outer diameter of the aluminum rod and increase the pressure by reducing the diameter, so that the molten aluminum at the bottom has enough pressure to push the aluminum rod at the top, so that the aluminum rod is automatically pushed out.

[0042] A cooling liquid delivery coil 431 is arranged at the periphery of the cooling channel 43, and cooling liquid flows in the cooling liquid delivery coil 431, which can quickly cool the molten aluminum into a solid aluminum rod in the cooling channel 43. Alternatively, a cooling liquid delivery channel is directly established around the cooling channel 43, and the cooling liquid directly acts on the side wall of the cooling channel 43 to cool the cooling channel 43.

[0043] Due to the friction between the aluminum rod and the cooling channel 43, and the low pressure at the interface between the aluminum rod and the cooling channel 43, there is an adsorption force generated by the low pressure, so the molten aluminum at the bottom needs to apply a large pressure to the aluminum rod to push the aluminum rod out. In order to reduce the internal pressure of the smelting chamber 42, the molten traction device 4 also includes a plurality of traction machines 45, which are located at the output port of the traction port 44 and are used to traction the cooled aluminum rod. The traction efficiency of the aluminum rod is improved by pushing the molten aluminum end and pulling the traction end.

[0044] Specifically, the tractor 45 includes a track 451 and a plurality of rollers 452. The rollers 452 are driven by a driving motor. The track 451 is connected to the plurality of rollers 452 in a transmission manner. The track 451 rotates under the action of the rollers 452. The tracks 451 on the tractors 45 are in contact with the surface of the aluminum rod. The tracks 451 clamp the aluminum rod frame therebetween and apply pressure. When the track 451 rotates, the friction force generates traction to drive the aluminum rod to move and play a guiding role.

[0045] The above contents are merely examples and explanations of the structure of the present invention. The technicians in this technical field may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in a similar manner. As long as they do not deviate from the structure of the invention or exceed the scope defined by the claims, they should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A screening machine for recycling scrap aluminum, characterized in that: include: Melting furnace (1); A granulation device (2), wherein the input port of the granulation device (2) is connected to the melting furnace (1), the granulation device (2) comprises a control valve (21), an ultrasonic transducer (22) and a high-pressure air gun (23), the control valve (21) is connected to the melting furnace (1), the ultrasonic transducer (22) is externally connected to an ultrasonic generator, the ultrasonic transducer (22) is inclined relative to the output valve port of the control valve (21) and is arranged opposite to the valve port, and the high-pressure air gun (23) is used to output a high-pressure airflow; A vibration device (3), the vibration device (3) being connected to the output port of the granulation device (2), a plurality of vibration source components (31) being arranged on the bottom wall of the vibration device (3), the vibration source components (31) being used to generate vibration in the horizontal direction and vibration in the vertical direction; The molten traction device (4) comprises a delivery pump (41), a smelting chamber (42), a cooling channel (43) and a traction port (44) which are sequentially connected along a material conveying direction; a plurality of the molten traction devices (4) are arranged on the side wall of the vibration device (3); and the delivery pump (41) is connected to the inside of the vibration device (3).

2. A screening machine for recycling scrap aluminum according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell of the vibration device (3) is composed of a vibration shaker (32) and a fixed top cover (33), the vibration source component (31) is arranged on the bottom wall of the vibration shaker (32), a plurality of the melt pulling devices (4) are fixedly connected to the fixed top cover (33), and a first buffer device (34) is arranged between the vibration shaker (32) and the fixed top cover (33).

3. A screening machine for recycling scrap aluminum according to claim 2, characterized in that: The vibration source assembly (31) comprises a plurality of horizontal vibration sources (311) and an axial vibration source (312); the plurality of horizontal vibration sources (311) are arranged on the inner bottom wall of the vibration shaker (32) for outputting horizontal vibration; the axial vibration source (312) is arranged on the outer bottom wall of the vibration shaker (32) for outputting vertical vibration; and a second buffer device (35) is arranged between the axial vibration source (312) and the bottom wall of the vibration shaker (32).

4. A screening machine for recycling scrap aluminum according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aluminum particles produced by the granulation device (2) have a particle size range of 0.5 mm to 3 mm, a horizontal vibration amplitude of 0.5 mm to 3 mm, a horizontal vibration frequency of 6 Hz to 10 Hz, a vertical vibration amplitude of 0.5 mm to 3 mm, and a vertical vibration frequency of 6 Hz to 10 Hz.

5. The screening machine for recycling scrap aluminum according to claim 1, characterized in that: An electromagnetic heating coil (421) is arranged on the periphery of the smelting chamber (42), and a conical necking opening (422) with a gradually decreasing inner diameter is formed at one end of the smelting chamber (42) close to the cooling channel (43).

6. A screening machine for recycling scrap aluminum according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cooling liquid delivery coil (431) is arranged on the periphery of the cooling channel (43).

7. The screening machine for recycling scrap aluminum according to claim 1, characterized in that: The molten traction device (4) further comprises a plurality of traction machines (45), wherein the plurality of traction machines (45) are located at the output port of the traction port (44) and are used for traction of the cooled aluminum rods.

8. A screening machine for recycling scrap aluminum according to claim 7, characterized in that: The traction machine (45) comprises a crawler (451) and a plurality of rollers (452), the crawler (451) being transmission-connected to the plurality of rollers (452), and the crawlers (451) on the plurality of traction machines (45) are in contact with the surface of the aluminum rod.

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