A composite fabric having high stiffness, high slow recovery, and wide stiffness variation range and a method of manufacturing the same

Abstract

A composite fabric with high stiffness, high slow elasticity and wide stiffness change range and a preparation method thereof, the composite fabric is composed of a substrate and a reinforcing body coated on the substrate; wherein the substrate is treated by water-based polyurethane padding or coating on the base cloth, the water-based polyurethane is non-ionic aliphatic polyurethane, the relative molecular weight is between 45000-80000, the element content is that the carbon element content is not higher than 40%, and the nitrogen element content is not higher than 10%; the reinforcing body is an oily polyurethane, including at least one of aliphatic oily polyurethane or aromatic polyurethane, the relative molecular weight is between 50000-85000, the element content is that the carbon element content is not higher than 60%, and the nitrogen element content is not higher than 20%. The composite fabric has good stiffening effect, high slow elasticity, good stiffness stability under different temperature and humidity conditions, the preparation method is simple, non-toxic, and has little impact on the environment.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a textile hardening technology, in particular to a composite fabric with high hardness, high cushioning and wide hardness range and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] In competitive sports and many special work, the clothes not only play a role in covering the body, but also need to provide special support for the human body, which requires the fabric to have a certain stiffness. At present, there are many types of finishing agents commonly used to improve the stiffness of fabric, such as melamine resin, polyvinyl acetate and polyacrylate. Among them, the fabric finished by melamine resin has high stiffness, but it is easy to release free formaldehyde; the fabric finished by polyvinyl acetate has good stiffness, but the obtained fabric has poor cold resistance, poor mechanical stability, poor toughness and poor scratch resistance; the fabric finished by polyacrylate has good film forming property and strong adhesion, but the stiffness of the finished fabric has the disadvantages of hot adhesion and cold brittleness.

[0003] The fabric with stiffening effect developed on the market at present generally lacks cushioning elasticity, and the stiffness does not change under certain time and pressure conditions, and the fabric lacks thickness. Pure stiffness can play a supporting role but lacks cushioning performance, and cannot provide certain damping and buffering effect for human motion. And it lacks comfort when worn, and it is difficult to meet the high buffering and high cushioning requirements in some special scenarios. For example, human body cushioning protection in special working scenarios and shooting competitions. The stiffness of the traditional fabric after stiffening finishing has poor durability, and the stiffness changes significantly under different temperature and humidity conditions, which seriously affects the supporting performance and service life of the fabric in different use scenarios, resulting in a significant decrease in the service life of the clothes. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the above problems of the prior art, the present application provides a composite fabric with high hardness, high cushioning and wide hardness range and a preparation method thereof. The composite fabric has high stiffness to form effective support for the human body (or material), and has certain cushioning elasticity, so that the fabric has a wide hardness range, and still has good stiffness and cushioning elasticity under normal environmental temperature and humidity conditions, which can effectively meet the stable support requirements of the human body (or material) in various occasions.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] The composite fabric has high hardness, high slow elasticity and wide hardness variation range, and is composed of a substrate and a reinforcing body coated on the substrate; wherein the substrate is prepared by adopting water-based polyurethane padding or coating treatment on the base cloth, the water-based polyurethane is non-ionic aliphatic polyurethane, the relative molecular weight is between 45000-80000, the element content is that the carbon element content is not higher than 40%, and the nitrogen element content is not higher than 10%; the reinforcing body is oil-based polyurethane, including at least one of aliphatic oil-based polyurethane or aromatic polyurethane, the relative molecular weight is between 50000-85000, the element content is that the carbon element content is not higher than 60%, and the nitrogen element content is not higher than 20%.

[0007] The composite fabric as described above, preferably, the mass ratio of the base cloth to the water-based polyurethane is 1:(0.2-0.5).

[0008] The composite fabric as described above, preferably, the thickness of the base cloth is 0.8-2.4mm; the thickness of the substrate is 0.9-2.5mm, and the mass ratio of the base cloth in the composite fabric is not less than 35%.

[0009] The composite fabric as described above, preferably, the fiber raw material of the base cloth includes at least one of polyester, polyamide, polyethylene and polypropylene, and the grammage is not less than 600g / m 2 The warp density is 100-180 roots / 10cm, and the weft density is 50-120 roots / 10cm.

[0010] The composite fabric as described above, preferably, the thickness of the reinforcing body is 0.1-1.0mm, and the thickness of the composite fabric is not greater than 2.6mm.

[0011] The composite fabric as described above, preferably, the water-based polyurethane is PT-536H water-based polycarbonate polyurethane and / or LD-6209 water-based polyurethane.

[0012] The composite fabric as described above, preferably, the oil-based polyurethane is MR-329 oil-based polyurethane and / or D-006 oil-based polyurethane.

[0013] In another aspect, the present application provides a preparation method of the composite fabric as described above, which comprises the following steps:

[0014] I. preparing a substrate

[0015] Padding or coating treatment is performed on the base cloth by using water-based polyurethane, wherein,

[0016] The dipping time of the padding process is 10-720min, and the pressure is 0.1-0.5Mpa, and after padding, heat treatment is performed, the temperature is 20-160℃, and the heat treatment time is 2-90min;

[0017] The coating process involves a coating thickness of 0.05-1.00 mm, 1-3 coats, and subsequent heat treatment at 80-150℃ for 2-10 minutes.

[0018] II. Substrate and oil-based polyurethane composite

[0019] Apply an oil-based polyurethane coating to the substrate, applying 1-3 coats, with a heat treatment temperature of 100-160℃ and a heat treatment time of 2-8 minutes, resulting in a coating thickness of 0.05-0.7 mm.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0021] 1. This invention utilizes the molecular structure characteristics of waterborne polyurethane and oil-based polyurethane finishing agents. The flexible long chains of the polyol in waterborne polyurethane, through bonding with the base fabric, impart better elasticity to the composite fabric, enabling it to maintain a wide range of hardness changes within a certain time and pressure. The resulting composite fabric exhibits a hardness change range of over 1 mm within 60 seconds. The solidified body formed by the oil-based polyurethane adhering to the outer layer of the substrate has high strength and good impermeability, giving the composite fabric excellent resistance to temperature and humidity changes. The resulting composite fabric exhibits a hardness change of less than or equal to 0.3 mm within a humidity range of 18%-90%.

[0022] 2. The composite fabric prepared by this invention has a thickness of no more than 2.6 mm, an initial hardness of no less than 0.5 mm, and a hardness of no more than 4.3 mm within one minute. It has excellent hardness, elasticity, and a sense of weight, as well as excellent temperature and humidity resistance and hardness stability, and provides strong support stability for the fabric under various requirements.

[0023] 3. The production method is simple, non-toxic, and has little impact on the environment. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The present invention will be further illustrated below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0025] Some of the raw materials used in the following examples are from:

[0026] PT-536H polyurethane hardening finishing liquid: (relative molecular weight 50,000-60,000, Guangzhou Lvbao New Materials Co., Ltd.).

[0027] MR-329 Oil-based Polyurethane Hardening Finishing Liquid: (Relative molecular weight: 60,000-80,000, Guangdong Yisanqi Chemical Technology Co., Ltd.)

[0028] LD-6209 polyurethane hardening finishing liquid: (relative molecular weight: 50,000-70,000, Guangzhou Luodu New Materials Co., Ltd.).

[0029] D-006 Oil-based polyurethane hardening finishing liquid: (relative molecular weight: 65000~75000).

[0030] Example 1

[0031] 1. Preparation of substrate

[0032] Polyester fabric 1 (thickness 1.2mm, weight 670g / m²) 2 (160 warp threads / 10cm, 105 weft threads / 10cm) and polyester fabric 2 (thickness 1.1mm, weight 630g / m²). 2 The materials (with a warp density of 140 threads / 10cm and a weft density of 90 threads / 10cm) were immersed in PT-536H waterborne polycarbonate for 3 hours. The substrates were then extruded by a rolling mill (rolling mill pressure 0.25MPa) and dried in an oven (100℃ for 10 minutes) to obtain substrate 1 and substrate 2, respectively.

[0033] 2. Composite of substrate and oil-based polyurethane

[0034] The substrates of waterborne polyurethane and polyester fabric were coated with MR-329 oil-based polyurethane. Both sides of the substrate were coated with a doctor blade and the thickness was 0.1 mm. The substrates were then baked at 120°C for 8 min to obtain composite fabric 1 and composite fabric 2.

[0035] 3. Hardness testing of composite fabrics

[0036] The stiffness test uses a garment thickness and stiffness gauge designated by the International Society of Photonics (ISP). The fabric is suspended in the middle on the testing platform, and a 1 kg force is applied to the center of the fabric with a weight. After the weight falls, the fabric sinks due to the weight; the depth of the indentation is the stiffness. The data displayed on the tester screen is the fabric stiffness value; the smaller the value, the greater the fabric stiffness. The larger the range of value change within the test time (0-60s), the better the viscoelasticity of the tested area, indicating that the fabric has good slow-response stiffness characteristics. When testing fabrics with slow-response stiffness characteristics, the stiffness is recorded at 0s, 30s, and 60s. Five stiffness measurements are taken for each piece of fabric, and the average value is recorded.

[0037] The properties of the treated composite fabrics are shown in Tables 1 and 2. Composite fabric 1+2 is composite fabric 1 and 2 stacked on top of each other, and the hardness test data are the hardness values ​​corresponding to 0s-30s-60s.

[0038] Table 1. Stiffness and thickness of composite fabrics

[0039]

[0040] Table 2. Effects of temperature and humidity on the hardness of composite fabrics 1+2

[0041]

[0042] Tables 1 and 2 show that the composite fabric has high hardness, excellent elasticity and temperature and humidity resistance. The initial hardness values ​​are all less than 3. The hardness change of the single-layer composite fabric within 1 minute is 1.1 mm, and the hardness change of the double-layer composite fabric within 1 minute is 1.0 mm. The hardness change within the test temperature range is very small, only 0.1 mm. Within the test humidity range, the hardness change range at 0 seconds is 0.3 mm.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] 1. Preparation of composite fabric 1

[0045] Polyester base fabric 1 (1.0mm thick, 600g / m²) 2 The substrate (with a warp density of 130 threads / 10cm and a weft density of 80 threads / 10cm) is immersed in a 50% concentration LD-6209 waterborne polyurethane solution and thoroughly padded and dried (rolling press pressure 0.20Mpa, drying at 90℃ for 20min). Then, the waterborne polyurethane-treated substrate is coated with D-006 oilborne polyurethane using a scraper coating method. The total coating thickness is 0.2mm, and the substrate is baked at 150℃ for 3min.

[0046] 2. Preparation of composite fabric 2

[0047] Polyester base fabric 2 (1.0mm thick, 600g / m²) 2 The warp density is 130 threads / 10cm and the weft density is 80 threads / 10cm. The coating is applied with D-006 oil-based polyurethane, and one coat is applied with a doctor blade. The total coating thickness is 0.3mm. The coating is then baked at 150℃ for 3 minutes.

[0048] 3. Hardness testing of composite fabrics

[0049] The properties of the composite fabrics are shown in Tables 3 and 4. Composite fabric 1+2 is composite fabric 1 and 2 stacked one on top of the other. The hardness test data are the hardness values ​​corresponding to 0s-30s-60s.

[0050] Table 3. Stiffness and thickness of composite fabrics

[0051]

[0052] Table 4. Effects of temperature and humidity on the hardness of composite fabrics 1+2

[0053]

[0054] Tables 3 and 4 show that the composite fabric has good hardness, high elasticity, and high temperature and humidity resistance. The hardness changes of single-layer composite fabrics 1 and 2 within 1 minute are 0.7 mm and 0.4 mm, respectively. The hardness results of composite fabrics 1 and 2 indicate that waterborne polyurethane treatment can widen the hardness change range of the fabric. The hardness change of the double-layer composite fabric within 1 minute is 0.6 mm. The hardness change within the test temperature range is minimal (0.1 mm). The initial hardness change range within the test humidity range is 0.2 mm.

[0055] Example 3

[0056] 1. Preparation of substrate

[0057] Polyester base fabric 1 (thickness 1.0mm, weight 600g / m²) 2 (130 warp threads / 10cm, 80 weft threads / 10cm) and polyester base fabric 2 (thickness 1.0mm, weight 610g / m²). 2 The substrates (with a warp density of 135 threads / 10cm and a weft density of 85 threads / 10cm) were coated with LD-6209 water-based polyurethane using a single doctor blade coating. The coating thickness was 0.1mm for each substrate. The substrates were then dried at 120℃ for 6 minutes to obtain substrate 1 and substrate 2.

[0058] 2. Composite of substrate and oil-based polyurethane

[0059] The substrates of waterborne polyurethane and polyester fabric were coated with MR-329 oil-based polyurethane. One coat was applied by a doctor blade, and the coating thickness was 0.1 mm. The substrates were dried at 160°C for 2 min to obtain composite fabric 1 and composite fabric 2.

[0060] 3. Hardness testing of composite fabrics

[0061] The properties of the treated composite fabrics are shown in Tables 5 and 6. Composite fabric 1+2 is composite fabric 1 and composite fabric 2 stacked one on top of the other, and the hardness test data are the hardness values ​​corresponding to 0s-30s-60s.

[0062] Table 5. Hardness and thickness of composite fabrics

[0063]

[0064] Table 6. Effects of Temperature and Humidity on the Hardness of Composite Fabrics 1+2

[0065]

[0066] Tables 5 and 6 show that the composite fabric has excellent hardness, high elasticity and high temperature and humidity resistance. The hardness change of single-layer composite fabrics 1 and 2 within 1 minute is 0.7 mm, and the hardness change of double-layer composite fabric within 1 minute is 0.5 mm. The hardness change is very small within the test temperature range, only 0.1 mm, and the hardness change range is 0.2 mm within the test humidity range.

[0067] Example 4

[0068] 1. Preparation of composite fabrics

[0069] Polyester base fabric (thickness 1.1mm, weight 640g / m²) 2 The substrate (with a warp density of 145 threads / 10cm and a weft density of 95 threads / 10cm) was thoroughly impregnated and dried in a 50% PT-536H waterborne polycarbonate solution (roller pressure 0.15 MPa, drying at 95℃ for 15 min). Then, the substrate treated with waterborne polyurethane was coated with D-006 oilborne polyurethane. Both sides of the substrate were coated with a doctor blade, and the coating thickness on each side was 0.1 mm. The substrate was then baked at 145℃ for 4 min to obtain composite fabric 1.

[0070] 2. Hardness testing of composite fabrics

[0071] The properties of the composite fabric are shown in Tables 7 and 8. Composite fabric 2 is made by stacking two layers of composite fabric 1. The hardness test data are the hardness values ​​corresponding to 0s-30s-60s.

[0072] Table 7. Stiffness and thickness of composite fabrics

[0073]

[0074] Table 8. Effects of Temperature and Humidity on the Stiffness of Composite Fabric 2

[0075]

[0076] Tables 7 and 8 show that the composite fabric has good hardness, high elasticity and high temperature and humidity resistance. The hardness change of the single-layer composite fabric is 0.9 mm in 1 minute; the hardness change of the double-layer composite fabric is 0.8 mm in 1 minute; the hardness change is minimal (0.1 mm) in the test temperature range; and the initial hardness change range is 0.3 in the test humidity range.

[0077] Comparative Example 1

[0078] The same method as in Example 1 was used, except that step 1 involved padding with a waterborne polyurethane with a molecular weight of 120,000 (polymerized from aliphatic diisocyanate and polyethylene glycol monomers) to finally obtain composite fabric 1 and composite fabric 2.

[0079] The properties of the treated composite fabric are shown in Table 9, where the hardness test data are the hardness values ​​corresponding to 0s-30s-60s.

[0080] Table 9. Stiffness and thickness of composite fabrics

[0081]

[0082] Compared to Example 1, Table 9 shows that the treatment with waterborne polyurethane with a molecular weight of 120,000 significantly reduced the range of changes in elasticity and hardness of the composite fabric. The hardness changes of single-layer composite fabric 1, 2 and double-layer composite fabric within 1 minute were 0.5 mm, 0.4 mm and 0.4 mm, respectively.

[0083] Comparative Example 2

[0084] The same method as in Example 1 was used, except that in step 1, an oily polyurethane with a molecular weight of 130,000 (polymerized from aromatic diisocyanate and polytetrahydrofuran diol monomers) was used to coat the substrate of the composite waterborne polyurethane to obtain composite fabric 1 and composite fabric 2 respectively.

[0085] The properties of the treated composite fabric are shown in Table 10, where the hardness test data are the hardness values ​​corresponding to 0s-30s-60s.

[0086] Table 10. Stiffness and thickness of composite fabrics

[0087]

[0088] Table 10 shows that, compared with Example 1, the use of an oily polyurethane coating with a molecular weight of 130,000 significantly reduced the range of changes in elasticity and hardness of the composite fabric. The hardness change ranges of single-layer composite fabrics 1 and 2 and double-layer composite fabrics within 1 minute were 0.5 mm, 0.4 mm, and 0.4 mm, respectively.

[0089] Comparative Example 3

[0090] Polyester fabric 1 (thickness 1.2mm, weight 670g / m²) 2 The fabric consists of 160 warp threads / 10cm and 105 weft threads / 10cm, and 2 polyester canvas fabrics (1.1mm thick, 630g / m²). 2 The polyester fabric (with a warp density of 140 threads / 10cm and a weft density of 90 threads / 10cm) was fully impregnated in PT-536H waterborne polyurethane. It was then extruded by a rolling mill (rolling mill pressure 0.25MPa) and dried in an oven (110℃ for 10min). The substrate of the composite of waterborne polyurethane and polyester fabric was then coated with PT-536H waterborne polyurethane. Both sides of the substrate were coated with a doctor blade to a thickness of 0.1mm, and then dried at 130℃ for 5min.

[0091] The properties of the treated composite fabric are shown in Table 11, where the hardness test data are the hardness values ​​corresponding to 0s-30s-60s.

[0092] Table 11 Effects of Temperature and Humidity on the Hardness of Composite Fabrics 1+2

[0093]

[0094] Table 11 shows that, compared to Example 1, the composite fabric exhibits significantly reduced temperature and humidity resistance when only water-based polyurethane impregnation and coating are used. The composite fabric shows a substantial increase in hardness at low temperatures and a significant softening at high temperatures, with a hardness variation range of 1.1 mm after 60 seconds at different temperatures. The composite fabric also softens significantly under high humidity, with a hardness variation range of 1.0 mm after 60 seconds at different humidity levels.

[0095] Comparative Example 4

[0096] Polyester fabric 1 (thickness 1.2mm, weight 670g / m²) 2 (160 warp threads / 10cm, 105 weft threads / 10cm) and polyester fabric 2 (1.1mm thick, 630g / m²). 2 The fabric (with a warp density of 140 threads / 10cm and a weft density of 90 threads / 10cm) was thoroughly impregnated in D-006 oil-based polyurethane. It was then extruded using a rolling mill (rolling mill pressure 0.30MPa) and dried in an oven (140℃ for 5min). The substrate, which was then composited with the oil-based polyurethane and polyester fabric, was coated with D-006 oil-based polyurethane. Both sides of the substrate were coated with a doctor blade to a thickness of 0.1mm, and then dried at 140℃ for 4min.

[0097] The properties of the treated composite fabric are shown in Table 12, where the hardness test data are the hardness values ​​corresponding to 0s-30s-60s.

[0098] Table 12 Hardness and Thickness of Composite Fabrics

[0099]

[0100] Table 12 shows that when only oil-based polyurethane is used for impregnation and coating, the hardness of the composite fabric is less than 3 mm, and the range of hardness variation is significantly reduced. The hardness variation range obtained by testing at 60 s is 0.4 mm.

[0101] Comparative Example 5

[0102] Polyester fabric 1 (thickness 1.2mm, weight 670g / m²) 2 (160 warp threads / 10cm, 105 weft threads / 10cm) and polyester fabric 2 (1.2mm thick, 670g / m²).2 The warp density (160 threads / 10cm) and weft density (105 threads / 10cm) were thoroughly impregnated in RUCO-PLAST HLS polyvinyl acetate solution, and then extruded by a rolling mill (rolling mill pressure 0.30MPa) and dried in an oven (140℃ for 3min).

[0103] The properties of the treated composite fabric are shown in Tables 13 and 14, where the hardness test data are the hardness values ​​corresponding to 0s-30s-60s.

[0104] Table 13 Hardness and thickness of composite fabrics

[0105]

[0106] Table 14 Effects of Temperature and Humidity on the Stiffness of Composite Fabrics 1+2

[0107]

[0108] Table 14 shows that the variation range of polyvinyl acetate-treated composite fabrics decreases sharply at low temperatures. At 8°C, the hardness of the composite fabrics varies by only 0.1 mm, and there is no elasticity.

Claims

1. A composite fabric with high hardness, high elasticity, and a wide range of hardness variation, characterized in that, It is composed of a substrate and a reinforcement covering the substrate; wherein, the substrate is a base fabric impregnated or coated with water-based polyurethane, the water-based polyurethane being a non-ionic aliphatic polyurethane with a relative molecular weight between 45,000 and 80,000, and an elemental content of no more than 40% carbon and no more than 10% nitrogen; the reinforcement is an oil-based polyurethane, including at least one of aliphatic oil-based polyurethane or aromatic polyurethane, with a relative molecular weight between 50,000 and 85,000, and an elemental content of no more than 60% carbon and no more than 20% nitrogen; The base fabric is made of polyester fiber with a basis weight of not less than 600 g / m². 2 The warp density is 100-180 threads / 10cm, and the weft density is 50-120 threads / 10cm; The waterborne polyurethane is PT-536H waterborne polycarbonate polyurethane and / or LD-6209 waterborne polyurethane; The oil-based polyurethane is MR-329 oil-based polyurethane and / or D-006 oil-based polyurethane.

2. The composite fabric as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the base fabric to the waterborne polyurethane is 1:(0.2 ~ 0.5).

3. The composite fabric as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the base fabric is 0.8-2.4 mm; the thickness of the substrate is 0.9-2.5 mm, and the base fabric accounts for no less than 35% of the mass of the composite fabric.

4. The composite fabric as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the reinforcement is 0.1-1.0 mm, and the thickness of the composite fabric is no more than 2.6 mm.

5. The method for preparing the composite fabric according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: I. Preparation of substrate The base fabric is treated with water-based polyurethane impregnation or coating, wherein... The impregnation time for the rolling process is 10-720 min, the pressure is 0.1-0.5 MPa, and the heat treatment is carried out after rolling at a temperature of 20-160℃ for 2-90 min. The coating process involves a coating thickness of 0.05-1.00 mm, 1-3 coating passes, and subsequent heat treatment at 80-150℃ for 2-10 minutes. II. Composite of substrate and oil-based polyurethane Apply an oil-based polyurethane coating to the substrate, applying 1-3 coats, with a heat treatment temperature of 100-160℃ and a heat treatment time of 2-8 minutes, resulting in a coating thickness of 0.05-0.7 mm.

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