Anaerobic reactor

Abstract

The application discloses an anaerobic reactor, which comprises a reaction tank, a feeding device, a sand discharging device, a slag discharging device and a controller. The feeding device comprises an upper feeding pipe guiding the upper end of the reaction tank, a lower feeding pipe guiding the lower end of the reaction tank and a feeding valve group for selecting the upper feeding pipe or the lower feeding pipe to be communicated with the reaction tank. The sand discharging device is arranged at the lower end of the reaction tank and is provided with a sand discharging valve. The slag discharging device is arranged at the upper end of the reaction tank and is provided with a slag discharging valve. The controller is configured to control the feeding valve group to select the upper feeding pipe to be communicated with the reaction tank and open the sand discharging valve when receiving a sand discharging instruction, and control the feeding valve group to select the lower feeding pipe to be communicated with the reaction tank and open the slag discharging valve when receiving a slag discharging instruction. The anaerobic reactor can realize the alternate operation of the upper end slag breaking and the lower end sand discharging and the upper end slag discharging, thereby strengthening the slag breaking and slag discharging functions and ensuring that the sand and the slag can be smoothly discharged in the discharging process, and the anaerobic fermentation efficiency of the material is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of anaerobic fermentation, and particularly relates to an anaerobic reactor. BACKGROUND

[0002] The composition of kitchen waste is complex, and the kitchen waste has the characteristics of high oil content, high sand content and many impurities. It is difficult to completely remove the impurities in the slurry during the pretreatment stage of the kitchen waste, resulting in that the material entering the anaerobic reactor contains oil, sand and impurities. At present, the full-mixing anaerobic reactor in the kitchen waste treatment industry has a relatively large volume, and a single mechanical stirring is usually used. Specifically, the method for breaking the sludge of the full-mixing anaerobic reactor usually relies on a single mechanical stirrer. The main purpose of the stirrer is to push the material to flow. The power of the stirrer is insufficient for breaking the sludge, and the disturbance is limited. When the liquid level in the tank is not in the strong disturbance range of the stirring paddle at the top layer of the stirrer, the breaking effect of the sludge is weak, and a top sludge layer is formed in the tank. In addition, due to the large diameter of the tank, for the thick and heavy sludge layer, especially the crust sludge, the stirrer can only break the local sludge, and cannot completely eliminate the sludge layer. Moreover, for heavy materials such as sand and stone, it is difficult to ensure that the heavy materials are uniformly distributed in the tank by single mechanical stirring. If the tank is operated under this condition for a long time, the sludge layer and the sand layer formed in the tank will reduce the effective volume of the anaerobic reactor, cause the shortening of the material residence time, the reduction of the organic matter degradation rate, and further cause the reduction of the biogas production and the deterioration of the anaerobic effluent indicators. SUMMARY

[0003] In view of the above defects or deficiencies, the present application provides an anaerobic reactor, which aims to solve the technical problem of poor sludge breaking effect of the anaerobic reactor.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides an anaerobic reactor, wherein the anaerobic reactor comprises:

[0005] a reaction tank;

[0006] a feeding device comprising an upper feeding pipe guiding to the upper end of the reaction tank, a lower feeding pipe guiding to the lower end of the reaction tank, and a feeding valve group selecting the upper feeding pipe or the lower feeding pipe to be in communication with the reaction tank;

[0007] a sand discharging device arranged at the lower end of the reaction tank and provided with a sand discharging valve;

[0008] a sludge discharging device arranged at the upper end of the reaction tank and provided with a sludge discharging valve;

[0009] a controller in communication connection with the feeding valve group, the sand discharging valve and the sludge discharging valve, and configured to:

[0010] in the case of receiving a sand discharging instruction, control the feeding valve group to select the upper feeding pipe to be in communication with the reaction tank and open the sand discharging valve;

[0011] In the case of receiving the residue discharging instruction, the feeding valve group is controlled to select the lower feeding pipe to be communicated with the reaction tank and open the residue discharging valve.

[0012] In the embodiment of the present application, the anaerobic reactor further comprises a cleaning and discharging device, the cleaning and discharging device comprises a cleaning and discharging box, a cleaning and discharging valve and a cleaning and discharging pipe, the cleaning and discharging box is arranged at the edge of the tank opening of the reaction tank and has a cleaning and discharging opening communicated with the tank opening, the cleaning and discharging valve is arranged at the cleaning and discharging opening, the cleaning and discharging pipe is communicated with the cleaning and discharging box, the controller is communicated with the cleaning and discharging valve and is configured to:

[0013] In the case of receiving the cleaning and discharging instruction, the feeding valve group is controlled to select the lower feeding pipe to be communicated with the reaction tank and open the cleaning and discharging valve.

[0014] In the embodiment of the present application, the cleaning and discharging device further comprises an observation pipe, an on-off valve and a liquid level sensor, the observation pipe is arranged on the cleaning and discharging box and extends into the reaction tank, the on-off valve is arranged on the observation pipe, the liquid level sensor is arranged in the reaction tank and is used to detect the liquid level parameter in the reaction tank, the controller is communicated with the liquid level sensor and the on-off valve respectively and is configured to:

[0015] receive the liquid level parameter;

[0016] In the case of determining that the lower end of the observation pipe is below the liquid level according to the liquid level parameter, the on-off valve is controlled to be opened.

[0017] In the embodiment of the present application, the cleaning and discharging device further comprises a grid plate arranged in the cleaning and discharging box and spaced apart from the bottom plate of the cleaning and discharging box, one end of the grid plate is arranged at the lower side of the cleaning and discharging opening, and the other end of the grid plate is directed to the cleaning and discharging pipe.

[0018] In the embodiment of the present application, the anaerobic reactor further comprises a circulating and discharging device, the circulating and discharging device comprises a circulating pump, a suction pipe, a main discharging pipe and a sand flushing pipe group, one end of the suction pipe extends into the reaction tank, the other end of the suction pipe is communicated with the inlet end of the circulating pump, one end of the main discharging pipe is communicated with the outlet end of the circulating pump, the other end of the main discharging pipe is branched to be communicated with the sand flushing pipe group and the upper feeding pipe respectively, the sand flushing pipe group is directed to the lower end of the reaction tank and is provided with a sand flushing valve group, the controller is communicated with the circulating pump and the sand flushing valve group respectively and is configured to:

[0019] In the case of receiving the residue discharging instruction, the feeding valve group is controlled to select the lower feeding pipe to be communicated with the reaction tank and open the residue discharging valve.

[0020] In the case of receiving the sand flushing instruction, the sand flushing valve group is controlled to be opened.

[0021] In the embodiment of the present application, the sand flushing pipe group comprises a communication pipe, an annular pipe and a plurality of sand flushing pipes, the annular pipe is arranged outside the reaction tank, one end of the communication pipe is communicated with the main discharge pipe, the other end of the communication pipe is communicated with the annular pipe, the plurality of sand flushing pipes are arranged along the extension direction of the annular pipe and are communicated with the annular pipe, and each sand flushing pipe is directed to the lower end of the reaction tank; the sand flushing valve group comprises a sand flushing main valve and a plurality of sand flushing sub-valves, the sand flushing main valve is arranged on the communication pipe, and the plurality of sand flushing sub-valves are arranged on the plurality of sand flushing pipes one by one.

[0022] In the case of receiving the sand flushing instruction, the sand flushing valve group is controlled to be opened, comprising:

[0023] In the case of receiving the sand flushing instruction, the sand flushing main valve is controlled to be opened, and the plurality of sand flushing sub-valves are controlled to be opened one by one for a preset time length.

[0024] In the embodiment of the present application, the sand flushing pipe comprises an extension section and a sand flushing section, the extension section extends transversely and extends into the reaction tank, the sand flushing sub-valve is arranged on the extension section, the sand flushing section extends vertically and is arranged in the reaction tank, the two ends of the extension section are communicated with the upper end of the sand flushing section and the annular pipe one by one, and the lower end of the sand flushing section is directed to the lower end of the reaction tank.

[0025] In the embodiment of the present application, the material extraction pipe comprises a communication section and a material extraction section, the communication section is communicated with the inlet end of the circulating pump and extends into the reaction tank, the material extraction section is arranged in the reaction tank and is located above the sand flushing section, and the material extraction section is arranged obliquely and the upper end is communicated with the communication section.

[0026] In the embodiment of the present application, the feeding device further comprises a feeding main pipe and a pump assembly, one end of the feeding main pipe branches to form an upper feeding pipe and a lower feeding pipe, the other end of the feeding main pipe is communicated with the pump assembly, and a feeding main valve in communication connection with the controller is arranged on the feeding main pipe.

[0027] In the embodiment of the present application, the reaction tank comprises a tank body and a stirring device, the stirring device comprises a main stirrer and a plurality of sub-stirrers, the main stirrer extends into the tank body from the upper end of the tank body, and the plurality of sub-stirrers are arranged in the tank body along the circumferential direction of the tank body; the stirring device further comprises a plurality of material blocking plates, and the plurality of material blocking plates are arranged in the tank body along the circumferential direction of the tank body.

[0028] In the embodiment of the present application, the sand discharging device comprises a sand discharging pipe, a discharge pipe and a discharge pump, the sand discharging pipe and the discharge pipe are both directed to the lower end of the tank body, and the sand discharging pipe and the discharge pipe are both communicated with the discharge pump, a sand discharging valve is arranged on the sand discharging pipe, a discharge valve is arranged on the discharge pipe, and the discharge valve and the discharge pump are both in communication connection with the controller.

[0029] In the embodiment of the present application, the top wall of the tank body is arranged in a dome shape;

[0030] And / or, the bottom wall of the tank body is arranged in a downward convex conical shape, and the sand discharging pipe is arranged to extend obliquely from the side wall of the tank body towards the center of the bottom wall of the tank body.

[0031] In the embodiment of the present application, the slag discharging device comprises a slag feeding hopper and a slag discharging pipe, the slag feeding hopper is arranged in the reaction tank and located at the upper end of the reaction tank, the slag feeding hopper forms a slag feeding cavity with an open upper end, the slag discharging pipe extends into the reaction tank and communicates with the lower part of the slag feeding cavity, and a slag discharging valve is arranged on the slag discharging pipe.

[0032] Through the above technical scheme, the anaerobic reactor provided by the embodiment of the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] In the technical scheme of the present application, the anaerobic reactor has a sand discharging operation mode and a slag discharging operation mode, the controller can control the feeding valve group to select the upper feeding pipe to be communicated with the reaction tank when receiving the sand discharging instruction, so that the material falls from the upper end of the liquid surface and supplies water to the floating slag at the liquid surface, to avoid the floating slag from being dehydrated and caked, and the impact of the falling material on the liquid surface can break the floating slag layer at the liquid surface, thereby breaking the floating slag, which greatly improves the slag breaking effect, and the controller controls the sand discharging valve to be opened, so that the material and the sand at the bottom of the reaction tank are discharged from the lower end of the reaction tank, reducing the accumulation of sand at the bottom of the tank; the controller can control the feeding valve group to select the lower feeding pipe to be communicated with the reaction tank when receiving the slag discharging instruction, so that the material enters the reaction tank from the lower end of the reaction tank, and when the liquid level in the reaction tank rises to the slag discharging device, the controller controls the slag discharging valve to be opened, so that the floating slag at the liquid surface can be discharged from the upper end of the reaction tank, preventing the accumulation and caking of the floating slag. The anaerobic reactor can be switched between the upper end feeding and lower end discharging operation mode and the lower end feeding and upper end discharging operation mode by the controller, to realize the alternating operation of the upper end slag breaking and lower end sand discharging and the upper end slag discharging, to strengthen the slag breaking and slag discharging functions, to ensure that the sand and the floating slag can be smoothly discharged during the discharging process, to realize the production and cleaning of impurities at the upper end and the lower end of the reaction tank, to effectively prevent the floating slag from caking on the liquid surface to affect the anaerobic fermentation of the material, to improve the anaerobic fermentation efficiency of the material, to improve the operation stability of the anaerobic reactor, and to reduce the operation and maintenance cost.

[0034] Other features and advantages of the present application will be described in detail in the following specific embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0035] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present application, and constitute a part of the specification, and are used to explain the embodiments of the present application together with the following specific embodiments, but do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from the structures shown in the drawings without creative labor. In the drawings:

[0036] Figure 1 is a structural schematic view of an anaerobic reactor according to an embodiment of the present application from one perspective;

[0037] Figure 2is a structural schematic view of the anaerobic reactor according to an embodiment of the present application in another perspective view;

[0038] Figure 3 is a structural schematic view of the cleaning and discharging device in the anaerobic reactor according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 4 is a structural schematic view of the feeding device in the anaerobic reactor according to an embodiment of the present application in a perspective view;

[0040] Figure 5 is a structural schematic view of the feeding device in the anaerobic reactor according to an embodiment of the present application in another perspective view;

[0041] Figure 6 is a structural schematic view of the circulating and discharging device in the anaerobic reactor according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0042] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] 10 reaction tank 50 cleaning and discharging device

[0044] 11 tank body 51 cleaning and discharging box

[0045] 12 main agitator 511 cleaning and discharging port

[0046] 13 auxiliary agitator 52 cleaning and discharging valve

[0047] 14 baffle 53 cleaning and discharging pipe

[0048] 15 biogas conveying pipe 54 observation pipe

[0049] 16 buffer pipe 55 on-off valve

[0050] 20 feeding device 56 liquid level sensor

[0051] 21 upper feeding pipe 57 grid plate

[0052] 22 lower feeding pipe 60 circulating and discharging device

[0053] 23 feeding valve group 61 circulating pump

[0054] 231 first feeding sub-valve 62 drawing pipe

[0055] 232 second feeding sub-valve 621 connecting section

[0056] 24 feeding main pipe 622 drawing section

[0057] 241 feeding main valve 63 discharging main pipe

[0058] 30 sand discharging device 64 flushing pipe group

[0059] 31 Sand discharge valve 641 Connecting pipe

[0060] 32 Sand discharge pipe 642 Ring pipe

[0061] 33 Discharge pipe 643 Sand flushing pipe

[0062] 331 Discharge Valve 6431 Extension Section

[0063] 34 Discharge pump 6432 Sand flushing section

[0064] 40 Slag discharge device 65 Sand flushing valve assembly

[0065] 41 Slag Discharge Valve; 651 Sand Flushing Main Valve

[0066] 42 Slag Hopper 652 Sand Flushing Valve

[0067] 421 Slag inlet chamber 66 Discharge branch pipe

[0068] 43 Slag discharge pipe 661 Material discharge valve Detailed Implementation

[0069] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0070] The anaerobic reactor of the present invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0071] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the present invention provides an anaerobic reactor, wherein the anaerobic reactor includes a reaction tank 10, a feeding device 20, a sand discharge device 30, a slag discharge device 40, and a controller. The feeding device 20 includes an upper feed pipe 21 guiding the upper end of the reaction tank 10, a lower feed pipe 22 guiding the lower end of the reaction tank 10, and a feed valve group 23 for selecting whether the upper feed pipe 21 or the lower feed pipe 22 is connected to the reaction tank 10. The sand discharge device 30 is located at the lower end of the reaction tank 10 and is equipped with a sand discharge valve. 31. The slag discharge device 40 is located at the upper end of the reaction tank 10 and is equipped with a slag discharge valve 41. The controller is communicatively connected to the feed valve group 23, the sand discharge valve 31 and the slag discharge valve 41 respectively, and is configured to: upon receiving a sand discharge command, control the feed valve group 23 to select the upper feed pipe 21 to connect with the reaction tank 10 and open the sand discharge valve 31; upon receiving a slag discharge command, control the feed valve group 23 to select the lower feed pipe 22 to connect with the reaction tank 10 and open the slag discharge valve 41.

[0072] Specifically, the reaction tank 10 is used to hold and anaerobically ferment the material, the feeding device 20 is used to deliver the material into the reaction tank 10, and the feeding device 20 comprises an upper feeding pipe 21, a lower feeding pipe 22 and a feeding valve group 23, the upper feeding pipe 21 is directed to the upper end of the reaction tank 10 to deliver the material from the upper end of the reaction tank 10 into the reaction tank 10, the lower feeding pipe 22 is directed to the lower end of the reaction tank 10 to deliver the material from the lower end of the reaction tank 10 into the reaction tank 10, the feeding valve group 23 is in communication connection with the controller and can select the upper feeding pipe 21 to be in conduction with the reaction tank 10 or the lower feeding pipe 22 to be in conduction with the reaction tank 10; the sand discharging device 30 is arranged at the lower end of the reaction tank 10 and is used to discharge the material and the sand at the bottom of the reaction tank 10, and the sand discharging device 30 is provided with a sand discharging valve 31 in communication connection with the controller; the slag discharging device 40 is arranged at the upper end of the reaction tank 10 and is used to discharge the slag, and the slag discharging device 40 is provided with a slag discharging valve 41 in communication connection with the controller.

[0073] The anaerobic reactor has a sand discharging operation mode and a slag discharging operation mode, the controller can control the feeding valve group 23 to select the upper feeding pipe 21 to be in conduction with the reaction tank 10 when receiving the sand discharging instruction, so that the material falls from the upper end of the liquid surface and supplements the water of the slag at the liquid surface, to avoid the slag from losing water and caking, and the falling material impacting the liquid surface can break the slag layer at the liquid surface, thereby breaking the slag and greatly improving the slag breaking effect, and the controller controls the sand discharging valve 31 to be opened, so that the material and the sand at the bottom of the reaction tank 10 are discharged from the lower end of the reaction tank 10, reducing the accumulation of the sand at the bottom of the tank; the controller can control the feeding valve group 23 to select the lower feeding pipe 22 to be in conduction with the reaction tank 10 when receiving the slag discharging instruction, so that the material enters into the reaction tank 10 from the lower end of the reaction tank 10, and when the liquid level in the reaction tank 10 rises to the slag discharging device 40, the controller controls the slag discharging valve 41 to be opened, so that the slag at the liquid surface can be discharged from the upper end of the reaction tank 10, preventing the slag from accumulating and caking.

[0074] The anaerobic reactor can be switched between the upper end feeding and lower end discharging operation mode and the lower end feeding and upper end discharging operation mode by the controller, realizing the alternating operation of the upper end slag breaking and lower end sand discharging and the upper end slag discharging, strengthening the slag breaking and slag discharging functions, ensuring that the sand and the slag can be smoothly discharged during the discharging process, realizing that the impurities at the upper end and the lower end of the reaction tank 10 are removed simultaneously, effectively preventing the slag from caking at the liquid surface and the sand from accumulating at the bottom of the tank to affect the anaerobic fermentation of the material, improving the anaerobic fermentation efficiency of the material, improving the operation stability of the anaerobic reactor, and reducing the operation and maintenance cost.

[0075] In the embodiment of the present application, the anaerobic reactor further comprises a cleaning and discharging device 50, the cleaning and discharging device 50 comprises a cleaning and discharging box 51, a cleaning and discharging valve 52 and a cleaning and discharging pipe 53, the cleaning and discharging box 51 is arranged at the edge of the tank opening of the reaction tank 10 and has a cleaning and discharging opening 511 which is communicated with the tank opening, the cleaning and discharging valve 52 is arranged at the cleaning and discharging opening 511, the cleaning and discharging pipe 53 is communicated with the cleaning and discharging box 51, and the controller is in communication connection with the cleaning and discharging valve 52 and is configured to: in the case that the cleaning and discharging instruction is received, control the feeding valve group 23 to select the lower feeding pipe 22 to be communicated with the reaction tank 10 and open the cleaning and discharging valve 52.

[0076] As shown in Figures 1 to 3 the anaerobic reactor further has a cleaning and discharging operation mode, and the controller can control the feeding valve group 23 to select the lower feeding pipe 22 to be communicated with the reaction tank 10 so that the material enters into the reaction tank 10 from the lower end of the reaction tank 10 when the cleaning and discharging instruction is received, and when the liquid level in the reaction tank 10 rises to the cleaning and discharging opening 511, the controller controls the cleaning and discharging valve 52 to be opened, and the crust and scum at the liquid surface can flow into the cleaning and discharging box 51 from the cleaning and discharging opening 511, wherein the small-sized scum is discharged along the cleaning and discharging pipe 53, and the large-sized scum is manually removed from the cleaning and discharging box 51, the anaerobic reactor can be switched to the operation mode of forcibly cleaning and discharging the crust and scum by the controller, the crust and scum at the liquid surface are removed from the cleaning and discharging box 51, and the material discharged from the cleaning and discharging box 51 can replace the water flushing, thereby saving the amount of flushing water.

[0077] In the embodiment of the present application, the cleaning and discharging device 50 further comprises an observation pipe 54, an on-off valve 55 and a liquid level sensor 56, the observation pipe 54 is arranged on the cleaning and discharging box 51 and extends into the reaction tank 10, the on-off valve 55 is arranged on the observation pipe 54, the liquid level sensor 56 is arranged in the reaction tank 10 and is used to detect the liquid level parameter in the reaction tank 10, the controller is in communication connection with the liquid level sensor 56 and the on-off valve 55 respectively, and is configured to: receive the liquid level parameter; and in the case that it is determined according to the liquid level parameter that the lower end of the observation pipe 54 is submerged below the liquid surface, control the on-off valve 55 to be opened.

[0078] As shown in Figures 1 to 3As shown, the cleaning and discharging box 51 is provided with an observation tube 54, the observation tube 54 extends into the reaction tank 10 from the upper end of the reaction tank 10, the observation tube 54 is used for observing the liquid level and material color in the reaction tank 10, the reaction tank 10 is provided with a liquid level sensor 56 for detecting the liquid level parameter, the liquid level sensor 56 can transmit the detected liquid level parameter to the controller, the controller receives the liquid level parameter to determine whether the lower end of the observation tube 54 is submerged below the liquid surface, after determining that the lower end of the observation tube 54 is submerged below the liquid surface, the controller controls the opening of the switch valve 55 to facilitate the observation of the material through the observation tube 54, and effectively prevents the biogas in the reaction tank 10 from leaking from the observation tube 54; during the cleaning and discharging operation, the actual liquid level is observed through the observation tube 54, which can realize accurate control of the cleaning and discharging liquid level, shorten the floating slag cleaning and discharging time, improve the cleaning and discharging efficiency, and through receiving the liquid level parameter detected by the liquid level sensor 56 and observing the observation tube 54 to determine the liquid level parameter again, the double confirmation of the liquid level parameter is realized.

[0079] In the embodiment of the present application, the cleaning and discharging device 50 further comprises a grid plate 57 arranged in the cleaning and discharging box 51 and spaced apart from the bottom plate of the cleaning and discharging box 51, one end of the grid plate 57 is arranged on the lower side of the cleaning and discharging opening 511, and the other end of the grid plate 57 is guided to the cleaning and discharging pipe 53. Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the controller controls the opening of the cleaning and discharging valve 52 to make the incrustation and floating slag and the material flow into the grid plate 57 in the cleaning and discharging box 51 from the cleaning and discharging opening 511, the floating slag and the material with small size are filtered to the lower side of the grid plate 57 and discharged along the cleaning and discharging pipe 53, and the floating slag with large size is retained on the upper side of the grid plate 57 and manually removed, which not only has the advantage of convenient removal of floating slag, but also the cleaning and discharging box 51 is located on the edge of the tank opening of the reaction tank 10, has good ventilation and large operation area.

[0080] Further, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 3 The upper end of the tank body 11 is provided with a vertically extending buffer pipe 16 and a biogas conveying pipe 15 communicated with the buffer pipe 16, the biogas generated in the tank body 11 can enter the buffer pipe 16 and enter the biogas conveying pipe 15 along the buffer pipe 16, the buffer pipe 16 is used to prevent the material from entering the biogas conveying pipe 15 to cause the blockage of the biogas conveying pipe 15 when the cleaning and discharging device 50 works, and the use safety and operation stability of the anaerobic reactor are improved.

[0081] In the embodiment of the present application, the anaerobic reactor further comprises a circulating pumping device 60, the circulating pumping device 60 comprising a circulating pump 61, a pumping pipe 62, a main discharging pipe 63 and a sand flushing pipe group 64, one end of the pumping pipe 62 extending into the reaction tank 10, the other end of the pumping pipe 62 being in communication with the inlet end of the circulating pump 61, one end of the main discharging pipe 63 being in communication with the outlet end of the circulating pump 61, the other end of the main discharging pipe 63 being branched and in communication with the sand flushing pipe group 64 and the upper feeding pipe 21 respectively, the sand flushing pipe group 64 being directed to the lower end of the reaction tank 10 and being provided with a sand flushing valve group 65, the controller being in communication connection with the circulating pump 61 and the sand flushing valve group 65 respectively and being configured to: in the case of receiving a slag breaking instruction, control the feeding valve group 23 to select the upper feeding pipe 21 to be in conduction with the reaction tank 10; in the case of receiving a sand flushing instruction, control the sand flushing valve group 65 to be opened.

[0082] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 6 , the controller can control the circulating pump 61 to be started when receiving the slag breaking instruction, so that the circulating pump 61 pumps out the material in the reaction tank 10 through the pumping pipe 62, and the controller controls the feeding valve group 23 to select the upper feeding pipe 21 to be in conduction with the reaction tank 10, so that the material pumped out by the pumping pipe 62 can flow back to the reaction tank 10 along the upper feeding pipe 21, further breaking the floating slag at the liquid level to prevent the floating slag from being crusty, and the anaerobic sludge material at the bottom of the reaction tank 10 flows from the upper part of the reaction tank 10 to the reaction tank 10, promoting the uniformity of the material mixing and improving the organic matter conversion rate; further, the controller can control the circulating pump 61 to be started when receiving the sand flushing instruction, so that the circulating pump 61 pumps out the material in the reaction tank 10 through the pumping pipe 62, and the controller controls the sand flushing valve group 65 to be opened, so that the material pumped out by the pumping pipe 62 can flow back to the reaction tank 10 along the sand flushing pipe group 64, realizing the circulating pumping and discharging of the material, and the sand flushing pipe group 64 conducts the material to the lower end of the reaction tank 10 to flush the sand at the bottom of the reaction tank 10 to the center of the tank bottom, facilitating the discharge of the sand, and further reducing the accumulation of the sand at the tank bottom.

[0083] In the embodiment of the present application, the sand flushing pipe group 64 comprises a communication pipe 641, an annular pipe 642 and a plurality of sand flushing pipes 643, the annular pipe 642 being provided around the outside of the reaction tank 10, one end of the communication pipe 641 being in communication with the main discharging pipe 63, the other end of the communication pipe 641 being in communication with the annular pipe 642, the plurality of sand flushing pipes 643 being provided along the extension direction of the annular pipe 642 and being in communication with the annular pipe 642, and each of the sand flushing pipes 643 being directed to the lower end of the reaction tank 10, the sand flushing valve group 65 comprising a sand flushing main valve 651 and a plurality of sand flushing sub-valves 652, the sand flushing main valve 651 being provided on the communication pipe 641, and the plurality of sand flushing sub-valves 652 being provided on the plurality of sand flushing pipes 643 one by one in correspondence respectively;

[0084] In the case of receiving the sand flushing instruction, controlling the sand flushing valve group 65 to be opened comprises:

[0085] In the case of receiving the sand flushing instruction, the sand flushing main valve 651 is controlled to open, and the plurality of sand flushing sub-valves 652 are controlled to open one by one for a preset time length.

[0086] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 6 , the controller controls the circulating pump 61 to draw the material from the reaction tank 10 through the material drawing pipe 62 when receiving the sand flushing instruction, and the controller controls the sand flushing main valve 651 to open so that the material flows into the communication pipe 641, the controller controls the first sand flushing sub-valve 652 to open, thereby making the material conduct to the lower end of the reaction tank 10 through the annular pipe 642 and the sand flushing pipe 643 corresponding to the first sand flushing sub-valve 652, and after the first sand flushing sub-valve 652 is opened for a preset time length, the controller controls the first sand flushing sub-valve 652 to close and opens the second sand flushing sub-valve 652, the material conducts to the lower end of the reaction tank 10 through the annular pipe 642 and the sand flushing pipe 643 corresponding to the second sand flushing sub-valve 652, and after the second sand flushing sub-valve 652 is opened for a preset time length, the second sand flushing sub-valve 652 is closed, and the plurality of sand flushing sub-valves 652 are sequentially opened for a preset time length, so that the material is sequentially discharged from each sand flushing pipe 643 and the sand in multiple directions is flushed to the center of the tank bottom, which not only facilitates the accumulation of the sand for discharging the sand, but also improves the sand flushing intensity of each sand flushing pipe 643 and optimizes the sand discharging effect.

[0087] In the embodiment of the present application, the sand flushing pipe 643 comprises an extension section 6431 and a sand flushing section 6432, the extension section 6431 extends transversely and extends into the reaction tank 10, the sand flushing sub-valve 652 is arranged on the extension section 6431, the sand flushing section 6432 extends vertically and is arranged in the reaction tank 10, the two ends of the extension section 6431 are respectively communicated with the upper end of the sand flushing section 6432 and the annular pipe 642 one by one, and the lower end of the sand flushing section 6432 is directed to the lower end of the reaction tank 10. As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 6 , the controller controls the circulating pump 61 to draw the material from the reaction tank 10 through the material drawing pipe 62 when receiving the sand flushing instruction, and the controller controls the sand flushing main valve 651 and the sand flushing sub-valve 652 on the extension section 6431 to open, so that the material flows into the sand flushing section 6432 along the communication pipe 641, the annular pipe 642 and the extension section 6432 in sequence, and flows into the reaction tank 10 from the lower end of the sand flushing section 6432, so as to flush the sand at the bottom of the reaction tank 10 to the center of the tank bottom, facilitating the discharge of the sand from the reaction tank 10.

[0088] Further, the material drawing pipe 62 comprises a communication section 621 and a material drawing section 622, the communication section 621 is communicated with the inlet end of the circulating pump 61 and extends into the reaction tank 10, the material drawing section 622 is arranged in the reaction tank 10 and located above the sand flushing section 6432, and the material drawing section 622 is arranged obliquely and the upper end is communicated with the communication section 621. As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 6As shown, the material extraction section 622 is arranged in the reaction tank 10, so that the circulating pump 61 can extract the material in the reaction tank 10 through the material extraction section 622 and the communication section 621. The material extraction section 622 is arranged obliquely and extends to the center of the reaction tank 10, and is arranged above the sand flushing section 6432 at the middle of the reaction tank 10, so that the material extraction section 622 can extract the material at the middle of the reaction tank 10, and avoid the sand at the bottom of the reaction tank 10 from entering the material extraction section 622 and the communication section 621 to cause large abrasion to the circulating pump 61.

[0089] In the embodiment of the present application, the feeding device 20 further comprises a feeding main pipe 24 and a pump assembly (not shown in the figure). One end of the feeding main pipe 24 branches to form the upper feeding pipe 21 and the lower feeding pipe 22, and the other end of the feeding main pipe 24 is in communication with the pump assembly. The feeding main pipe 24 is provided with a feeding main valve 241 in communication connection with the controller. As shown in Figure 1 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 The upper feeding pipe 21 and the lower feeding pipe 22 are both in communication with one end of the feeding main pipe 24, and the pump assembly is in communication with the other end of the feeding main pipe 24. The controller controls the feeding main valve 241 to be opened and controls the feeding valve group 23 to select the upper feeding pipe 21 to be in communication with the reaction tank 10, so that the pump assembly can deliver the material in the pump assembly to the reaction tank 10 through the feeding main pipe 24 and the upper feeding pipe 21, and further break the scum at the liquid surface. The controller controls the feeding main valve 241 to be opened and controls the feeding valve group 23 to select the lower feeding pipe 22 to be in communication with the reaction tank 10, so that the pump assembly can deliver the material in the pump assembly to the reaction tank 10 through the feeding main pipe 24 and the lower feeding pipe 22, and further lift the liquid surface from the bottom of the reaction tank 10 to facilitate the slag discharge from the upper end of the reaction tank 10. Further, the pump assembly comprises a feeding pump and a material temporary storage tank. The feeding pump is in communication with the feeding main pipe 24 to deliver the material in the material temporary storage tank to the feeding main pipe 24.

[0090] In the embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figure 1 、 Figure 4 and Figure 6 The circulating extraction and discharge device 60 further comprises a discharge branch pipe 66. One end of the discharge branch pipe 66 is in communication with the discharge main pipe 63, and the other end of the discharge branch pipe 66 is in communication with the upper feeding pipe 21. The discharge branch pipe 66 is provided with a discharge valve 661 in communication connection with the controller. When the controller receives the scum breaking instruction, the controller can control the circulating pump 61 to extract the material in the reaction tank 10 through the material extraction pipe 62, and control the discharge valve 661 to be opened and control the feeding valve group 23 to select the upper feeding pipe 21 to be in communication with the reaction tank 10, so that the material can be delivered to the reaction tank 10 through the discharge main pipe 63, the discharge branch pipe 66 and the upper feeding pipe 21 in sequence, and further break the scum at the liquid surface to prevent the scum from being crust.

[0091] In the embodiment of the present application, the reaction tank 10 comprises a tank body 11 and a stirring device, the stirring device comprises a main stirrer 12 and a plurality of auxiliary stirrers 13, the main stirrer 12 extends into the tank body 11 from the upper end of the tank body 11, and the plurality of auxiliary stirrers 13 are arranged in the tank body 11 in a circumferential direction of the tank body 11; the stirring device further comprises a plurality of material blocking plates 14, which are arranged in the tank body 11 in the circumferential direction of the tank body 11.

[0092] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the main stirrer 12 is vertically arranged in the tank body 11 and is used to push the material downward when rotating, so that the material in the tank body 11 flows from the center to the periphery and from the bottom to the top, thereby stirring the sand at the bottom of the tank, so that the material is fully mixed and uniform, and a plurality of material blocking plates 14 are arranged in the tank body 11, which can effectively prevent the formation of local vortex in the tank body 11, thereby improving the stirring efficiency; further, the auxiliary stirrer 13 can rotate relative to the tank body 11 to change the stirring direction, in the case that the stirring direction of the auxiliary stirrer 13 is the same as that of the main stirrer 12, the sand at the bottom of the tank can be promoted to migrate and accumulate to the center, so as to facilitate the discharge of the sand, in the case that the stirring direction of the auxiliary stirrer 13 is opposite to that of the main stirrer 12, a local counterflow flow field can be formed in the tank body 11, so that the deposits such as sludge at the bottom of the tank migrate upward along the flow field, thereby improving the uniformity of the material mixing, reducing the sludge discharge, and improving the sludge concentration in the tank body 11; and the auxiliary stirrer 13 is arranged on the side wall of the tank body 11, the stirring shaft of the auxiliary stirrer 13 can rotate 360° in the tank body 11 through a mechanical steering device to adjust the direction of the auxiliary stirrer 13, which is flexible and convenient to adjust, and further improves the uniformity of the material mixing.

[0093] In the embodiment of the present application, the sand discharge device 30 comprises a sand discharge pipe 32, a discharge pipe 33 and a discharge pump 34, the sand discharge pipe 32 and the discharge pipe 33 are both directed to the lower end of the tank body 11, and the sand discharge pipe 32 and the discharge pipe 33 are both communicated with the discharge pump 34, a sand discharge valve 31 is arranged on the sand discharge pipe 32, a discharge valve 331 is arranged on the discharge pipe 33, and the discharge valve 331 and the discharge pump 34 are both communicated with a controller. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in , when the controller receives a sand discharge instruction, the controller can control the feeding valve group 23 to select the upper feeding pipe 21 to be communicated with the reaction tank 10, so that the material falls from the upper end of the liquid surface and breaks the scum, and the controller controls the sand discharge valve 31 and the discharge pump 34 to be opened, so that the discharge pump 34 draws the material and the sand at the bottom of the tank from the tank body 11 through the sand discharge pipe 32, thereby reducing the accumulation of the sand at the bottom of the tank, and the sand at the bottom of the tank accumulates to the center of the tank bottom under the joint action of the sand flushing pipe 643 and the auxiliary stirrer 13, so as to facilitate the discharge pump 34 and the sand discharge pipe 32 to discharge the material and the sand, thereby realizing the production and cleaning simultaneously; and in the case that the sand discharge pipe 32 is blocked, the controller can control the discharge valve 331 to be opened, so that the discharge pump 34 discharges the material through the discharge pipe 33, thereby further improving the stability of the system.

[0094] In the embodiment of the present application, the top wall of the tank body 11 is dome-shaped, the bottom wall of the tank body 11 is downwardly convex conical, and the sand discharge pipe 32 extends from the side wall of the tank body 11 towards the center of the bottom wall of the tank body 11. Figure 1 As shown, the top wall of the tank body 11 is dome-shaped so that the dispersed dregs are gradually gathered as the liquid level rises, thereby facilitating the discharge of the dregs from the clean-out port 511, improving the dregs clean-out efficiency, and the bottom wall of the tank body 11 is conical and convex downward, so that the sand at the bottom of the tank body 11 can be gathered towards the center along the bottom wall of the tank body 11, the sand discharge pipe 32 extends along the radial direction of the tank body 11 and is inclined downward along the direction close to the center of the tank body 11, which facilitates the suction of the sand accumulated at the center of the bottom of the tank body 11, and the material flowing out of the sand flushing pipe 643 can further flush the sand at the bottom of the tank body 11 towards the center of the tank body 11, improving the sand discharge efficiency.

[0095] In the embodiment of the present application, the residue discharge device 40 includes a residue inlet hopper 42 and a residue discharge pipe 43, the residue inlet hopper 42 is arranged in the reaction tank 10 and located at the upper end of the reaction tank 10, the residue inlet hopper 42 forms a residue inlet cavity 421 with an open upper end, the residue discharge pipe 43 extends into the reaction tank 10 and communicates with the lower part of the residue inlet cavity 421, and the residue discharge valve 41 is arranged on the residue discharge pipe 43. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, when the residue discharge instruction is received, the controller can control the feed valve group 23 to select the lower feed pipe 22 to be in communication with the reaction tank 10, so that the material enters the reaction tank 10 from the lower end of the reaction tank 10, and when the liquid level in the reaction tank 10 rises to the residue inlet hopper 42, the controller controls the residue discharge valve 41 to open, so that the dregs at the liquid surface can flow into the residue inlet cavity 421 from the open upper end of the residue inlet cavity 421 and be discharged out of the tank body 11 along the residue discharge pipe 43, effectively preventing the dregs from caking, and the operation mode of feeding from the lower end and discharging from the upper end effectively prevents the short flow of the material, improving the utilization rate of the organic matter in the material.

[0096] In the embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 4As shown, the feed valve group 23 includes a first feed sub-valve 231 arranged on the upper feed pipe 21 and a second feed sub-valve 232 arranged on the lower feed pipe 22, both of which are in communication connection with the controller. When receiving the sand discharge instruction, the controller controls the first feed sub-valve 231 and the sand discharge valve 31 to be opened, so that the material enters the tank body 11 from the upper feed pipe 21 to break the scum, and the material and the sand are discharged from the sand discharge pipe 32 to reduce the accumulation of sand at the bottom of the tank. When receiving the slag discharge instruction, the controller controls the second feed sub-valve 232 and the slag discharge valve 41 to be opened, so that the material enters the tank body 11 from the lower feed pipe 22, and when the liquid level reaches the slag inlet hopper 42, the scum is discharged along the slag inlet cavity 421 and the slag discharge pipe 43, preventing the scum from accumulating and caking.

[0097] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "first", "second" are used only for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically limited.

[0098] In the present application, unless otherwise specifically defined and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connecting", "fixing" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integral; it can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection or communication with each other; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise specifically limited. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0099] In the description of the present application, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example" or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present application, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in the present application and the features of the different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0100] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above-described embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limiting the present application, and that changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An anaerobic reactor, characterized in that, The anaerobic reactor comprises: a reaction tank (10); a feeding device (20) comprising an upper feeding pipe (21) leading to an upper end of the reaction tank (10), a lower feeding pipe (22) leading to a lower end of the reaction tank (10), and a feeding valve group (23) for selecting the upper feeding pipe (21) or the lower feeding pipe (22) to be in communication with the reaction tank (10); a sand discharging device (30) arranged at the lower end of the reaction tank (10) and provided with a sand discharging valve (31); a residue discharging device (40) arranged at the upper end of the reaction tank (10) and provided with a residue discharging valve (41); a controller in communication with the feeding valve group (23), the sand discharging valve (31) and the residue discharging valve (41) respectively, and configured to: in the case of receiving a sand discharging instruction, control the feeding valve group (23) to select the upper feeding pipe (21) to be in communication with the reaction tank (10) and open the sand discharging valve (31); in the case of receiving a residue discharging instruction, control the feeding valve group (23) to select the lower feeding pipe (22) to be in communication with the reaction tank (10) and open the residue discharging valve (41); the anaerobic reactor further comprises a cleaning and discharging device (50), the cleaning and discharging device (50) comprising a cleaning and discharging box (51), a cleaning and discharging valve (52) and a cleaning and discharging pipe (53), the cleaning and discharging box (51) being arranged at the edge of the tank opening of the reaction tank (10) and having a cleaning and discharging opening (511) in communication with the tank opening, the cleaning and discharging opening (511) being provided with the cleaning and discharging valve (52), the cleaning and discharging pipe (53) being in communication with the cleaning and discharging box (51), the controller being in communication with the cleaning and discharging valve (52) and being configured to: in the case of receiving a cleaning and discharging instruction, control the feeding valve group (23) to select the lower feeding pipe (22) to be in communication with the reaction tank (10) and open the cleaning and discharging valve (52); the cleaning and discharging device (50) further comprises a viewing pipe (54), an on-off valve (55) and a liquid level sensor (56), the viewing pipe (54) being arranged on the cleaning and discharging box (51) and extending into the reaction tank (10), the viewing pipe (54) being provided with the on-off valve (55), the liquid level sensor (56) being arranged in the reaction tank (10) and used for detecting a liquid level parameter in the reaction tank (10), the controller being in communication with the liquid level sensor (56) and the on-off valve (55) respectively and being configured to: receive the liquid level parameter; in the case of determining that the lower end of the viewing pipe (54) is below the liquid level according to the liquid level parameter, control the on-off valve (55) to be opened.

2. The anaerobic reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anaerobic reactor further comprises a circulating and pumping device (60), which comprises a circulating pump (61), a pumping pipe (62), a main discharging pipe (63) and a sand flushing pipe group (64), one end of the pumping pipe (62) extends into the reaction tank (10), the other end of the pumping pipe (62) is in communication with the inlet end of the circulating pump (61), one end of the main discharging pipe (63) is in communication with the outlet end of the circulating pump (61), the other end of the main discharging pipe (63) is branched and in communication with the sand flushing pipe group (64) and the upper feeding pipe (21) respectively, the sand flushing pipe group (64) is directed to the lower end of the reaction tank (10) and is provided with a sand flushing valve group (65), the controller is in communication connection with the circulating pump (61) and the sand flushing valve group (65) respectively, and is configured to: In the case of receiving a slag breaking instruction, control the feeding valve group (23) to select the upper feeding pipe (21) to be in communication with the reaction tank (10); In the case of receiving a sand flushing instruction, control the sand flushing valve group (65) to be opened.

3. The anaerobic reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sand flushing pipe group (64) comprises a communication pipe (641), an annular pipe (642) and a plurality of sand flushing pipes (643), the annular pipe (642) is surrounded outside the reaction tank (10), one end of the communication pipe (641) is in communication with the main discharging pipe (63), the other end of the communication pipe (641) is in communication with the annular pipe (642), a plurality of the sand flushing pipes (643) are arranged along the extension direction of the annular pipe (642) and are in communication with the annular pipe (642), and each of the sand flushing pipes (643) is directed to the lower end of the reaction tank (10), the sand flushing valve group (65) comprises a sand flushing main valve (651) and a plurality of sand flushing sub-valves (652), the sand flushing main valve (651) is arranged on the communication pipe (641), and a plurality of the sand flushing sub-valves (652) are arranged on a plurality of the sand flushing pipes (643) one by one in one-to-one correspondence; The control of the sand flushing valve group (65) to be opened in the case of receiving a sand flushing instruction comprises: In the case of receiving a sand flushing instruction, control the sand flushing main valve (651) to be opened and control a plurality of the sand flushing sub-valves (652) to be opened one by one for a preset time length.

4. The anaerobic reactor according to claim 3, characterized in that The sand flushing pipe (643) comprises an extension section (6431) and a sand flushing section (6432), the extension section (6431) extends transversely and extends into the reaction tank (10), the sand flushing sub-valve (652) is arranged on the extension section (6431), the sand flushing section (6432) extends vertically and is arranged in the reaction tank (10), both ends of the extension section (6431) are in one-to-one correspondence with the upper end of the sand flushing section (6432) and the annular pipe (642) respectively, and the lower end of the sand flushing section (6432) is directed to the lower end of the reaction tank (10).

5. The anaerobic reactor according to claim 4, characterized in that, The material extraction pipe (62) comprises a communication section (621) and a material extraction section (622), the communication section (621) is communicated with the inlet end of the circulating pump (61) and extends into the reaction tank (10), the material extraction section (622) is arranged in the reaction tank (10) and above the sand washing section (6432), the material extraction section (622) is arranged obliquely and the upper end is communicated with the communication section (621).

6. An anaerobic reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 5, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that The feeding device (20) further comprises a feeding main pipe (24) and a pump assembly, one end of the feeding main pipe (24) is branched to form the upper feeding pipe (21) and the lower feeding pipe (22), the other end of the feeding main pipe (24) is communicated with the pump assembly, and the feeding main pipe (24) is provided with a feeding main valve (241) which is communicated and connected with the controller.

7. An anaerobic reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 5, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that The reaction tank (10) comprises a tank body (11) and a stirring device, the stirring device comprises a main stirrer (12) and a plurality of auxiliary stirrers (13), the main stirrer (12) extends into the tank body (11) from the upper end of the tank body (11), and the plurality of auxiliary stirrers (13) are arranged in the tank body (11) in a circumferential direction.

8. An anaerobic reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 5, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that The slag discharging device (40) comprises a slag feeding hopper (42) and a slag discharging pipe (43), the slag feeding hopper (42) is arranged in the reaction tank (10) and at the upper end of the reaction tank (10), the slag feeding hopper (42) forms a slag feeding cavity (421) with an open upper end, the slag discharging pipe (43) extends into the reaction tank (10) and is communicated with the lower part of the slag feeding cavity (421), and the slag discharging valve (41) is arranged on the slag discharging pipe (43).

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