Dye tracer device and method for observing preferential flow of soil on any slope

Abstract

The present invention discloses a dye tracer device and method suitable for observing preferential flow in soils on any slope. The dye tracer device includes a dye tracer application tank, a support assembly, and a dye tracer supply assembly. A plurality of dye tracer application holes are formed at the bottom of the dye tracer application tank. Two groups of support assemblies are respectively supported and connected to both ends of the dye tracer application tank. This device uses the support assembly to support the dye tracer application tank, and uses the dye tracer supply assembly and the dye tracer application tank to apply the dye tracer, which can reduce the disturbance to the soil structure, adjust the application speed of the dye tracer, ensure the uniform application of the dye tracer, and the application speed is approximately equal to the soil infiltration speed, ensuring that there is no ponding and slope runoff during the experiment, so that the study of preferential flow based on the dye tracer method is no longer restricted by the flatness of the ground in the study area, facilitating the analysis of the preferential flow migration characteristics inside the soils on any slope.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of soil observation, and particularly relates to a dye tracer device and method suitable for observing soil preferential flow on any slope surface. Background Art

[0002] At present, the specific implementation steps of the observation and research on soil internal preferential flow based on the dye tracer method are as follows:

[0003] Step 1: Select a flat research sample point in the research area, and then vertically hammer a rectangular stainless steel frame into the soil to a certain depth.

[0004] Step 2: Use a spraying device to uniformly apply a dye tracer inside the rectangular stainless steel frame.

[0005] Step 3: After waiting for a period of time, dig along the periphery of the rectangular stainless steel frame. After digging out the rectangular stainless steel frame, take the boundary of the rectangular stainless steel frame as the boundary, dig soil profiles at the same interval inside the soil, and directly obtain the preferential migration path of the dye tracer from the ground surface into the deep soil in the soil profile in the field with the help of a digital camera and a steel tape measure.

[0006] Step 4: With the help of indoor image analysis software, correct, crop and analyze the images, and finally analyze and obtain the migration law of soil internal preferential flow.

[0007] In the above method, in Step 1, it is necessary to vertically hammer the rectangular stainless steel frame into the soil, and in Step 3, it is necessary to dig out the rectangular stainless steel frame, resulting in a large workload. Moreover, during the process of hammering and digging the rectangular stainless steel frame, the soil structure will be disturbed to a certain extent, such as extrusion deformation or vibration, etc., which will further affect the subsequent analysis of preferential flow and lead to inaccurate observation results. And the above method is only applicable to flat ground and cannot achieve uniform application of the dye tracer on the slope surface, which is prone to slope runoff and is not suitable for analyzing the migration characteristics of soil internal preferential flow on the slope surface. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a dye tracer device suitable for observing soil preferential flow on any slope surface, which can achieve uniform application of the dye tracer on the slope surface, so as to facilitate the analysis of the migration characteristics of soil internal preferential flow on any slope surface, and during the observation process, it can reduce the disturbance to the soil structure and improve the accuracy of the observation results.

[0009] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A dye tracer device suitable for observing preferential flow in soil on any slope, comprising: a dye tracer application tank, at the bottom of which a plurality of dye tracer application holes are provided, and the plurality of dye tracer application holes are evenly distributed along the length direction of the dye tracer application tank; a support assembly, there are two groups of the support assemblies, the upper ends of the two groups of support assemblies are respectively supported and connected to both ends of the dye tracer application tank, and the lower ends of the two groups of support assemblies can be fixedly inserted into the soil; and a dye tracer supply assembly for supplying the dye tracer to the dye tracer application tank.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This dye tracer device uses two groups of support assemblies to support the dye tracer application tank. The two groups of support assemblies can be inserted into the soil for fixation. The support assemblies can not only be conveniently and quickly inserted into the soil, which is convenient for the experimenters to operate, but also will not affect the internal structure of the soil mass during the insertion process, can reduce the disturbance to the soil mass structure, and improve the accuracy of subsequent observation results. And this dye tracer device uses a dye tracer supply assembly and a dye tracer application tank to apply the dye tracer. By adjusting the position of the dye tracer application tank and the flow rate of the dye tracer supplied by the dye tracer supply assembly, it is possible to well achieve the uniform application of the dye tracer on the slope surface, so as to facilitate the analysis of the preferential flow migration characteristics inside the soil on any slope.

[0011] For the above-mentioned dye tracer device suitable for observing preferential flow in soil on any slope, the support assembly includes a support platform and legs connected to the lower end of the support platform, and the support platform is provided with a card slot for positioning and supporting the dye tracer application tank.

[0012] For the above-mentioned dye tracer device suitable for observing preferential flow in soil on any slope, the height of the legs is adjustable.

[0013] For the above-mentioned dye tracer device suitable for observing preferential flow in soil on any slope, the lower end of the leg has a sharp plugging part.

[0014] For the above-mentioned dye tracer device suitable for observing preferential flow in soil on any slope, the dye tracer supply assembly includes a dye tracer storage barrel and a peristaltic pump. A delivery pipe is connected between the dye tracer storage barrel and the peristaltic pump, and the output end of the peristaltic pump is connected with an output pipe, and the output pipe can extend into the dye tracer application tank.

[0015] The present invention also provides a method for observing preferential flow in soil, which uses the above-mentioned dye tracer device suitable for observing preferential flow in soil on any slope for observation, and includes the following steps:

[0016] Step S100: Select a location on the slope where the experiment needs to be carried out, install the support component and the dye tracer application trough, and adjust the positions of the support component and the dye tracer application trough so that the dye tracer application trough is at an appropriate height and parallel to the ground surface;

[0017] Step S200: Open the dye tracer supply component, add the dye tracer into the dye tracer application trough, and continuously adjust the flow rate of the dye tracer provided by the dye tracer supply component until the application flow rate of the dye tracer is consistent with the soil infiltration rate;

[0018] Step S300: After waiting for a certain period of time, obtain multiple soil profiles at the same interval from a certain distance away from the dye tracer application position in the direction from the downhill to the uphill, and vertically excavate each soil profile;

[0019] Step S400: Use a measuring tool and a camera device to take pictures and record the soil profiles, and upload the recorded data to the image analysis software to extract and analyze the dyeing path, and obtain the migration characteristic law of soil preferential flow.

[0020] For the above soil preferential flow observation method, the support component is used to support the dye tracer application trough, and the dye tracer application trough is used to apply the dye tracer to the soil, reducing the problems in the original method that the stainless steel frame has a relatively large self-weight, is not easy to carry, and causes a large disturbance to the soil structure during the process of pounding into the soil body and excavation, and can improve the accuracy of the observation results. For the above soil preferential flow observation method, in step S200, the flow rate of the dye tracer provided by the dye tracer supply component can be adjusted to ensure a uniform application of the dye tracer to the soil, and by adjusting the application flow rate of the dye tracer to be consistent with the soil infiltration rate, it can be ensured that there is no ponding and slope runoff during the experiment, so that the preferential flow research based on the dyeing tracer method is no longer limited by whether the research ground is flat, and the preferential flow dyeing tracer experiment on the slope can be carried out.

[0021] For the above soil preferential flow observation method, step S100 includes the following steps:

[0022] Step S110: Select a location on the slope where the experiment needs to be carried out, first insert one set of the support components into the soil for fixation, and adjust the support height of the support component;

[0023] Step S120: Install the first end of the dye tracer application trough on the support component in step S100 so that the position where the support component is in contact with the dye tracer application trough is just between two adjacent dye tracer application holes close to the first port of the dye tracer application trough;

[0024] Step S130: Place the dye tracer application tank flat, install another set of support components below the second end of the dye tracer application tank, and make the position where this set of support components is in contact with the dye tracer application tank just located between two adjacent dye tracer application holes near the second port of the dye tracer application tank;

[0025] Step S140: Continuously fine-tune the support heights of the two sets of support components until the dye tracer application tank is parallel to the ground surface.

[0026] In the above soil preferential flow observation method, between step S200 and step S300, the following steps are further included:

[0027] After the application of the dye tracer is completed, cover the area on the slope where the dye tracer has been applied.

[0028] In the above soil preferential flow observation method, between step S100 and step S200, the following steps are further included:

[0029] Lay a sand layer on the soil surface directly below the dye tracer application hole.

[0030] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Description of the Drawings

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the dye tracer device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the support component according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 It is an operation step diagram of the observation method according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4a and Figure 4b It is an operation step diagram of the observation method according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the excavation position of the slope soil profile in step S400 according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the dye tracer device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0037] Explanation of the reference numerals in the drawings: 100 dye tracer application tank, 110 dye tracer application hole, 200 support component, 210 support platform, 211 card slot, 220 support leg, 221 insertion part, 300 dye tracer supply component, 310 dye tracer storage barrel, 320 peristaltic pump, 330 delivery pipe, 340 output pipe. Detailed implementation manners

[0038] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below:

[0039] Embodiment 1

[0040] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a dye tracer device suitable for observing preferential flow in soil on any slope, including a dye tracer application tank 100, a support assembly 200, and a dye tracer supply assembly 300. Among them, a plurality of dye tracer application holes 110 are opened at the bottom of the dye tracer application tank 100, and the plurality of dye tracer application holes 110 are evenly distributed along the length direction of the dye tracer application tank 100. The so-called even distribution means that the interval between every two adjacent dye tracer application holes 110 is the same. The dye tracer application tank 100 can be used to receive the dye tracer and allow the dye tracer in the tank to spill and penetrate into the soil through the dye tracer application holes 110 at its bottom. As Figure 1 shown, there are two groups of the support assembly 200. The upper ends of the two groups of the support assembly 200 are respectively supported and connected to both ends of the dye tracer application tank 100, and the lower ends of the two groups of the support assembly 200 can be fixedly inserted into the soil to fix the dye tracer application tank 100 above the soil. The dye tracer supply assembly 300 is used to supply the dye tracer to the dye tracer application tank 100.

[0041] This dye tracer device uses two sets of support components 200 to support the dye tracer application tank 100. The two sets of support components 200 can be inserted into the soil for fixation. The support components 200 can not only be conveniently and quickly inserted into the soil, which is convenient for the experimenters to operate. During the insertion process, only the internal structure of a small part of the soil around the support component 200 will be slightly affected, while the soil structure within the entire dye tracer application area is hardly affected. Therefore, it can reduce the disturbance to the soil structure and improve the accuracy of subsequent observation results. And this dye tracer device uses a dye tracer supply component 300 and a dye tracer application tank 100 to apply the dye tracer. By adjusting the position of the dye tracer application tank 100 and the flow rate of the dye tracer supplied by the dye tracer supply component 300, it can well achieve the uniform application of the dye tracer on the slope surface, so as to facilitate the analysis of the preferential flow migration characteristics inside the slope surface soil. In addition, by designing the length of the dye tracer application tank 100, it can achieve the synchronous and uniform application of the dye tracer in the scenario where the width of the dye tracer application area is relatively large. The application speed of the dye tracer is approximately equal to the soil infiltration speed, ensuring that there will be no surface water accumulation and slope runoff during the experiment, making the preferential flow research based on the dye tracer method no longer restricted by the flatness of the ground in the research area, so as to facilitate the analysis of the preferential flow migration characteristics inside the soil of any slope surface. Specifically, the relationship between the application speed of the dye tracer and the soil infiltration speed can be judged by observing whether the dye tracer generates surface runoff. When the dye tracer generates surface runoff, it indicates that the application speed of the dye tracer is greater than the soil infiltration speed. In the initial stage of the experiment, the flow rate of the dye tracer supplied by the dye tracer supply component 300 can be adjusted until the critical flow rate at which surface runoff is generated. At this time, it is proved that the application speed of the dye tracer is approximately equal to the soil infiltration speed.

[0042] Further, continue to refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the support component 200 includes a support platform 210 and legs 220 connected to the lower end of the support platform 210. The support platform 210 is provided with a clamping groove 211 for positioning and supporting the dye tracer application tank 100. The lower ends of the legs 220 can be inserted and fixed in the soil. Further, the lower ends of the legs 220 have sharp insertion parts 221, so that the experimenters can insert the legs 220 into the soil with less force. As Figure 2As shown, two support legs 220 may be provided. The two support legs 220 are arranged in a "V" shape with the upper part smaller and the lower part larger to increase the support stability of the support legs 220. Of course, in some other embodiments, three support legs 220 may also be provided to further improve the support stability of the support legs 220. Further, the card slot 211 is a "U" - shaped groove, and the width of the card slot 211 is equivalent to the outer diameter of the dye tracer application groove 100 to facilitate the clamping of the dye tracer application groove 100. Further, in some embodiments, magnetic members may be provided in the card slot 211, and magnetic members are also provided at corresponding positions of the dye tracer application groove 100. When installing the dye tracer application groove 100, the dye tracer application groove 100 is magnetically connected in the card slot 211, which can prevent the dye tracer application groove 100 from moving or falling off during the process of applying the dye tracer and affecting the application effect.

[0043] After the outrigger 220 is inserted into the soil, the support height of the outrigger 220 and the position of the card slot 211 can be adjusted according to the actual experimental requirements. Specifically, the outrigger 220 is adjusted so that the bottom wall of the card slot 211 is parallel to the ground surface, and the dye tracer application tank 100 is also parallel to the ground surface, so that the application heights of the respective dye tracer application holes 110 are equal, and the vertical height of the bottom wall of the card slot 211 from the ground surface is 3 cm to prevent splashing damage to the soil structure when applying the dye tracer. Specifically, the support height of the outrigger 220 can be adjusted by adjusting the depth of the outrigger 220 inserted into the soil, or the outrigger 220 can be designed as a structure with adjustable height. When the height of the outrigger 220 is adjustable, after the outrigger 220 is inserted into the soil, the insertion depth of the outrigger 220 can no longer be changed, but the height of the outrigger 220 is adjusted to adjust the support height of the entire support assembly 200, so as to avoid disturbing the soil structure during the process of adjusting the support height of the outrigger 220. Specifically, the outrigger 220 can be designed as a rod-shaped structure with two upper and lower sections. Among them, the lower rod is inserted into the soil, and the upper rod is inserted into the lower rod in a liftable manner, and the upper rod can be lifted and lowered to adjust the support height of the outrigger 220. The lifting and lowering movement of the upper rod can adopt the transmission mode of a gear and a rack. For example, an adjusting rod is installed outside the lower rod, the inner end of the adjusting rod extends into the upper rod, a gear is fixedly installed at the inner end of the adjusting rod, and a rack is fixedly installed inside the upper rod, and the rack is meshed with the gear. When the adjusting rod is rotated, the gear at its inner end rotates, but the adjusting rod is limited by the lower rod, so that the gear can only rotate and cannot move up and down, and the rack meshed with the gear will move up and down under the drive of the gear, thereby driving the upper rod to move up and down. When the height of the outrigger 220 is adjustable, the outrigger 220 can be installed perpendicular to the support platform 210. At this time, the upper end of the outrigger 220 is fixedly connected to the support platform 210. The outrigger 220 can also be installed at an angle on the support platform 210 to improve the support stability of the support assembly 200. At this time, the upper end of the outrigger 220 is rotatably connected to the support platform 210. While adjusting the support height of the outrigger 220, the inclination of the support platform 210 can also be adjusted so that the support platform 210 is flush with the ground surface.

[0044] Further, continue to refer to Figure 1, the dye tracer supply assembly 300 includes a dye tracer storage barrel 310 and a peristaltic pump 320. A delivery pipe 330 is connected between the dye tracer storage barrel 310 and the peristaltic pump 320. The output end of the peristaltic pump 320 is connected with an output pipe 340. When applying the dye tracer, extend the output pipe 340 into the dye tracer application tank 100, turn on the peristaltic pump 320, and continuously adjust the flow rate of the dye tracer applied by the peristaltic pump 320 until the application speed of the dye tracer is basically the same as the soil infiltration speed, and no surface water accumulation and slope runoff are formed. Of course, it should be noted that although for the same dye tracer application tank 100, the size and spacing of the dye tracer application holes 110 therein are fixed, the flow rate of the dye tracer applied by the peristaltic pump 320 will affect the liquid accumulation depth in the dye tracer application tank 100, and thus can change to a certain extent the speed at which the dye tracer flows out of the dye tracer application holes 110. Therefore, during the whole experiment process, the final application speed of the dye tracer can be adjusted by adjusting the depth of the dye tracer application tank 100, the aperture size, spacing and quantity of the dye tracer application holes 110, and the flow rate of the peristaltic pump 320, so that the application speed of the dye tracer is basically the same as the soil infiltration speed.

[0045] Furthermore, both the dye tracer application tank 100 and the support assembly 200 are made of stainless steel materials, and both the delivery pipe 330 and the output pipe 340 are flexible hoses. The length of the dye tracer application tank 100 can be determined according to the actual situation of the experimental site. For example, in forest soil, the distribution density of trees will affect the width of the dye tracer application tank 100. If the tree spacing is small, the width of the dye tracer application tank 100 can be selected to be smaller; if the tree spacing is large, the width of the dye tracer application tank 100 can be selected to be larger. When excavating the soil profile later, the excavation width is determined by the width of the dye tracer application tank 100. For example, in some embodiments, the length of the dye tracer application tank 100 is 60 cm, then when excavating the soil profile later, the excavation width is correspondingly 60 cm, and when observing the preferential flow of soil with a width of 60 cm, this device can still achieve uniform application of the dye tracer. As mentioned above, the aperture size and spacing of the dye tracer application holes 110 can be adjusted adaptively. Within the length range of the dye tracer application tank 100, when the dye tracer drips simultaneously through all the dye tracer application holes 110, the soil area below the vertical projection of the dye tracer application tank 100 can be wetted by the dye tracer simultaneously, which proves that the aperture size and spacing of the dye tracer application holes 110 meet the requirements. For example, in some embodiments, the aperture size of the dye tracer application holes 110 is 2.5 mm, and the spacing between every two adjacent dye tracer application holes 110 is greater than 2.16 cm.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] Reference Figure 3 , Example 2 of the present invention provides a method for observing soil preferential flow. The above-mentioned dye tracer device applicable to observing soil preferential flow on any slope is used for observation, including the following steps:

[0048] Step S100: Select the position where the experiment needs to be carried out on the slope, install the support assembly 200 and the dye tracer application tank 100, and adjust the positions of the support assembly 200 and the dye tracer application tank 100 so that the dye tracer application tank 100 is at an appropriate height and parallel to the ground surface;

[0049] Step S200: Open the dye tracer supply assembly 300, add the dye tracer into the dye tracer application tank 100, and continuously adjust the flow rate of the dye tracer provided by the dye tracer supply assembly 300 until the application flow rate of the dye tracer is consistent with the soil infiltration rate;

[0050] Step S300: After waiting for a certain period of time, obtain multiple soil profiles at the same interval from a certain distance away from the dye tracer application position in the direction from the downhill to the uphill direction, and each soil profile is vertically excavated;

[0051] Step S400: Use the measuring tool and the camera device to take pictures and record the soil profiles, and upload the recorded data to the image analysis software to extract and analyze the dyeing paths to obtain the migration characteristic law of soil preferential flow.

[0052] In the method for observing soil preferential flow in this embodiment, the support assembly 200 is used to support the dye tracer application tank 100, and the dye tracer is applied to the soil by using the dye tracer application tank 100, reducing the problems that the stainless steel frame in the original method is heavy and not easy to carry, and the soil structure is disturbed greatly during the process of pounding into the soil body and excavation, and can improve the accuracy of the observation results. In the above-mentioned method for observing soil preferential flow, in step S200, the flow rate of the dye tracer provided by the dye tracer supply assembly 300 can be adjusted to ensure that the dye tracer is uniformly applied to the soil, and by adjusting the application flow rate of the dye tracer to be consistent with the soil infiltration rate, it can be ensured that there is no ponding and slope runoff during the experiment, so that the study of preferential flow based on the dye tracer method is no longer limited by whether the research ground is flat, and the preferential flow dye tracer experiment on the slope can be carried out.

[0053] Example 3

[0054] Reference Figure 4a , Figure 4b , Figure 5 and Figure 6, Embodiment 3 of the present invention provides a method for observing soil preferential flow. The above-described dye tracer device applicable to observing soil preferential flow on any slope is used for observation, including the following steps:

[0055] Step S110: Select a position on the slope where the experiment needs to be carried out. First, insert one set of support components 200 into the soil for fixation, and adjust the support height of the support components 200.

[0056] Step S120: Install the first end of the dye tracer application tank 100 on the support components 200 in Step S100, so that the position where the support components 200 are in contact with the dye tracer application tank 100 is just located between two adjacent dye tracer application holes 110 close to the first port of the dye tracer application tank 100.

[0057] Step S130: Lay the dye tracer application tank 100 flat, and install another set of support components 200 under the second end of the dye tracer application tank 100, and make the position where this set of support components 200 is in contact with the dye tracer application tank 100 just located between two adjacent dye tracer application holes 110 close to the second port of the dye tracer application tank 100.

[0058] Step S140: Continuously and finely adjust the support height of the two sets of support components 200 until the dye tracer application tank 100 is parallel to the ground surface.

[0059] Step S200: Lay a sand layer on the soil surface directly below the dye tracer application holes 110.

[0060] Step S300: Open the dye tracer supply component 300, add the dye tracer into the dye tracer application tank 100, and continuously adjust the flow rate of the dye tracer provided by the dye tracer supply component 300 until the application flow rate of the dye tracer is consistent with the soil infiltration rate.

[0061] Step S400: After the application of the dye tracer is completed, cover the area on the slope where the dye tracer is applied.

[0062] Step S500: After waiting for a certain period of time, obtain multiple soil profiles at the same interval from the position a certain distance away from the dye tracer application position in the upslope direction from the downslope. Each soil profile is vertically excavated.

[0063] Step S600: Use a measuring tool and a camera device to take pictures and record the soil profiles, and upload the recorded data to the image analysis software to extract and analyze the dyeing paths to obtain the migration characteristic law of soil preferential flow.

[0064] In the soil preferential flow observation method of this embodiment, a support assembly 200 is used to support the dye tracer application tank 100, and the dye tracer application tank 100 is used to apply the dye tracer to the soil, reducing the problems in the original method that the stainless steel frame is relatively heavy and not easy to carry, and the soil structure is disturbed greatly during the process of being pounded into the soil body and excavated, and the accuracy of the observation results can be improved. In the soil preferential flow observation method of this embodiment, in step S200, referring to Figure 6 , a sand layer is laid on the soil surface directly below the dye tracer application hole 110 to prevent the dye tracer from splashing and damaging the lower soil surface during the dripping process along the dye tracer application hole 110, so as not to affect the experimental judgment and experimental results.

[0065] In the above-mentioned soil preferential flow observation method, in step S300, the flow rate of the dye tracer provided by the dye tracer supply assembly 300 can be adjusted to ensure that the dye tracer is uniformly applied to the soil, and by adjusting the application flow rate of the dye tracer to be consistent with the soil infiltration rate, it can be ensured that there is no ponding and slope runoff during the experiment, so that the preferential flow research based on the dye tracer method is no longer limited by whether the research ground is flat, and the preferential flow dye tracer experiment on the slope surface can be carried out.

[0066] In this embodiment, when installing the support assembly 200 and the dye tracer application trough 100, first install one of the support assemblies 200, and roughly adjust the support height of the support assembly 200 and the parallelism between the slot 211 of the support platform 210 on the support assembly 200 and the ground surface, so that the vertical height of the bottom wall of the slot 211 from the ground is 3 cm, so as to prevent splashing and damaging the soil structure when applying the dye tracer. After the adjustment, the dye tracer application trough 100 is installed on the support assembly 200, so that the first end of the dye tracer application trough 100 is clamped in the slot 211 of the support assembly 200, and the position where the support assembly 200 and the dye tracer application trough 100 are supported and contacted is just located between two adjacent dye tracer application holes 110 of the dye tracer application trough 100 close to the first port, so as to ensure that the dye tracer flowing out of the subsequent dye tracer application hole 110 is not affected. Afterwards, with the support assembly 200 and the dye tracer application trough 100 as the reference, the dye tracer application trough 100 is leveled, and according to the position of the second end of the dye tracer application trough 100, another support assembly 200 is installed, and the position where the support assembly 200 and the dye tracer application trough 100 are supported and contacted is just located between the two adjacent dye tracer application holes 110 of the dye tracer application trough 100 close to the second port, so as to ensure that the dye tracer flowing out of the subsequent dye tracer application hole 110 is not affected. Afterwards, the support heights of the two support assemblies 200 are continuously fine-tuned to finally ensure that the dye tracer application trough 100 is parallel to the ground surface. This installation and adjustment method can complete the installation of the support assembly 200 and the dye tracer application trough 100 at a faster speed, and in the subsequent adjustment process, there is no need to change the plug-in position of the support assembly 200 in the soil, which can avoid disturbing the internal structure of the soil as much as possible.

[0067] In this embodiment, after the application of the dye tracer, a structure such as a tarpaulin can be used to cover the area on the slope where the dye tracer is applied to prevent evaporation from the ground surface and avoid affecting the accuracy of the observation results. After waiting for all the surface runoff to infiltrate and the diffusion and migration process of the dye tracer in the soil is completed, the soil profile can be excavated. During the subsequent process of obtaining the soil profile, the excavation depth is jointly determined by the infiltration depth of the dye tracer and the position of the bedrock. Based on the application amount of the dye tracer and the soil infiltration rate, starting from the width of the dye tracer application trough 100, the excavation can be started at the farthest distance along the slope direction, that is, starting from the position in the soil where there is no dye tracer. For example, in this embodiment, a dye tracer application trough 100 with a width of 60 cm is selected, 30 liters of dye tracer is applied, and a gravel layer is laid on the soil surface directly below the dye tracer application hole 110 using coarse sand grains with a diameter of 5 mm to 10 mm. The thickness of the laid sand grain layer is 1 cm, the width is 5 cm, and the length is 60 cm. After the application of the dye tracer, wait for 5 hours, and start excavating to obtain multiple soil profiles at the same interval from 200 cm away from the dye tracer application position, from the downhill to the uphill direction. Each soil profile is vertically excavated, the distance between every two adjacent soil profiles is 5 cm, and the excavation width of each soil profile is 60 cm.

[0068] It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, if there is a description of the orientation, such as the orientation or positional relationship indicated by up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., it is all based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed or operated in a specific orientation, and should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0069] In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "several" is one or more, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, and understandings such as "greater than", "less than", "exceeding", etc. do not include the present number, and understandings such as "above", "below", "within", etc. include the present number. If there is a description of "first" or "second", etc., it is only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the sequence relationship of the indicated technical features.

[0070] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, words such as "set", "installed", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above words in the present invention in combination with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0071] The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any non-substantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A dye tracer device applicable to the observation of preferential flow in soils on any slope, characterized in that, Comprising: A dye tracer application tank (100) having a plurality of dye tracer application holes (110) opened at the bottom thereof, and the plurality of dye tracer application holes (110) are evenly distributed along the length direction of the dye tracer application tank (100); A support assembly (200), there are two sets of the support assemblies (200), and the two sets of support assemblies (200) are respectively supported and connected to both ends of the dye tracer application tank (100), and the lower ends of the two sets of support assemblies (200) can be fixedly inserted into the soil. The support assembly (200) includes a support platform (210) and legs (220) connected to the lower end of the support platform (210). The support platform (210) is provided with a card slot (211) for positioning and supporting the dye tracer application tank (100), and the height of the legs (220) is adjustable; and A dye tracer supply assembly (300) for supplying dye tracer to the dye tracer application tank (100).

2. The dye tracer device applicable to the preferential flow observation of soil on any slope surface according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower end of the leg (220) has a sharp plugging portion (221).

3. The dye tracer device applicable to the observation of preferential flow in soil on any slope surface according to claim 1, characterized in that The dye tracer supply assembly (300) includes a dye tracer storage barrel (310) and a peristaltic pump (320). A delivery pipe (330) is communicated between the dye tracer storage barrel (310) and the peristaltic pump (320), and the output end of the peristaltic pump (320) is communicated with an output pipe (340), and the output pipe (340) can extend into the dye tracer application tank (100).

4. A method for observing soil preferential flow, characterized in that, Using the dye tracer device applicable to the observation of soil preferential flow according to any one of claims 1-3 for observation, including the following steps: Step S100: Select a position on the slope where the experiment needs to be carried out, install the support assembly (200) and the dye tracer application tank (100), and adjust the positions of the support assembly (200) and the dye tracer application tank (100) so that the dye tracer application tank (100) is at a suitable height and parallel to the ground surface; Step S200: Open the dye tracer supply assembly (300), add dye tracer into the dye tracer application tank (100), and continuously adjust the flow rate of the dye tracer provided by the dye tracer supply assembly (300) until the application flow rate of the dye tracer is consistent with the soil infiltration rate; Step S300: After waiting for a certain period of time, obtain a plurality of soil profiles at the same interval from the position a certain distance away from the dye tracer application position in the direction from the downhill to the uphill, and each soil profile is vertically excavated; Step S400: Use a measuring tool and a camera device to take pictures and record the soil profile, and upload the recorded data to the image analysis software to extract and analyze the dyeing path to obtain the migration characteristic law of soil preferential flow.

5. The soil preferential flow observation method according to claim 4, characterized in that, Step S100 includes the following steps: Step S110: Select a position on the slope where the experiment needs to be carried out, first insert one set of the support assemblies (200) into the soil for fixation, and adjust the support height of the support assembly (200); Step S120: Mount the first end of the dye tracer application tank (100) onto the support assembly (200) in Step S100 such that the position where the support assembly (200) makes supporting contact with the dye tracer application tank (100) is exactly between two adjacent dye tracer application holes (110) of the dye tracer application tank (100) that are close to the first port. Step S130: Level the dye tracer application tank (100), and mount another set of support assemblies (200) below the second end of the dye tracer application tank (100), and make the position where this set of support assemblies (200) makes supporting contact with the dye tracer application tank (100) be exactly between two adjacent dye tracer application holes (110) of the dye tracer application tank (100) that are close to the second port. Step S140: Continuously fine-tune the support heights of the two sets of support assemblies (200) until the dye tracer application tank (100) is parallel to the ground surface.

6. The soil preferential flow observation method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that Between Step S200 and Step S300, the following steps are further included: After the application of the dye tracer is completed, cover the area on the slope where the dye tracer has been applied.

7. The soil preferential flow observation method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that Between Step S100 and Step S200, the following steps are further included: Lay a sand layer on the soil surface directly below the dye tracer application holes (110).

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