A rapid dike breach plugging method combining rocket anchor and pile driving technology

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for quickly plugging a levee breach by combining rocket anchors and pile driving technology, belonging to the technical field of levee breach plugging. The method comprises the following steps: First step, quickly throw and place willow-rock pillows to build a wrapped head and consolidate the broken levee head; Second step, quickly construct an advancing body by combining rocket anchors, steel pipe piles, steel sheet piles, steel wire mesh stone cages, geotextile bags, and large nylon nets to create favorable conditions for closure; Third step, after reaching suitable closure conditions, implement closure based on rocket anchor and pile driving technology. After closure is completed, fill the voids of the plugging body with stone materials and soil materials to complete airtightness and achieve breach plugging. The present invention combines the advantages of quickly "taking root" in the breach flow of rocket anchors, steel pipe piles, and steel sheet piles with traditional plugging materials, and uses willow-rock pillows, steel wire mesh stone cages, geotextile bags, large nylon nets, stone materials, and soil materials for breach plugging, having the characteristics of fast construction speed, high environmental protection of plugging materials, strong stability and sustainability, etc.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of levee breach plugging, and relates to a rapid levee breach plugging method combining rocket anchor and pile driving technologies. Background Art

[0002] Historically, after a levee breach occurred, due to the constraints of the then social economy and technical level, it was impossible to immediately plug the breach during the flood season, and most chose to plug the breach during the non-flood season. Nowadays, once a levee breaches, it will bring serious potential safety hazards and economic losses to the surrounding areas and residents. Therefore, quickly plugging a levee breach can reduce property safety losses and is an important research content in the field of water conservancy projects.

[0003] Traditional levee breach plugging technologies mainly include: mattress technology, geotextile bag technology, steel-wood-earth-rock combined dam technology, sunken ship and other technical means. Among them, the steel-wood-earth-rock combined dam technology has the advantages of convenient construction, high plugging efficiency, strong adaptability, etc. In recent years, the technical means for levee breach plugging have also been continuously updated and improved. Most traditional levee breach plugging technologies are manual construction, which has problems such as long construction period and poor stability. Therefore, some scholars have proposed to combine mechanized equipment with traditional breach plugging technologies to plug the breach. For example, combine a rapid rotary pile equipment with technologies such as building a mattress and throwing willow-rock pillows to plug the breach; in the research on the levee breach plugging technology of the Yellow River levee, it is proposed to use an electric pillow bundling equipment to make willow-rock pillows. The results show that mechanized construction can better solve the problems of low efficiency and poor stability of manual construction. In addition, mechanized equipment such as rocket anchors and pile driving have also attracted the attention of researchers.

[0004] In summary, how to give full play to the respective advantages of modern machinery and traditional levee breach plugging technologies, improve the breach plugging efficiency, reduce the breach plugging cost, and reduce the impact of plugging materials on the environment is the trend of future flood control and emergency rescue. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a rapid levee breach plugging method combining rocket anchor and pile driving technologies.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A rapid levee breach plugging method combining rocket anchor and pile driving technologies. First, quickly throw willow-rock pillows to build a wrapper and consolidate the broken levee head; secondly, combine rocket anchors, steel pipe piles, steel sheet piles, steel wire mesh gabions, geotextile bags, and large nylon nets to quickly build a progressive body to create favorable conditions for closure; finally, after reaching the appropriate closure conditions, build a closure body based on rocket anchor and pile driving technologies. After the closure is completed, fill the gap of the breach with stone materials and soil materials to complete airtightness and achieve breach plugging. It includes the following steps:

[0008] Step 1: Lower the dike crest, expand the emergency repair platform, drive fixed piles on both sides of the breach at the dike head, connect the fixed piles with willow-rock pillows through ropes, throw willow-rock pillows, build the end protection, and consolidate the broken dike head.

[0009] Step 2: Construct the advancing body, specifically as follows:

[0010] (2.1) Launch rocket anchors at preset positions on both sides of the breach, connect the anchor cables with the fixed piles laid on the shore, slide and throw steel wire mesh rock cages through the anchor cables, and throw geotextile bags into the spaces of the steel wire mesh rock cages to build the main dike.

[0011] (2.2) Drive a row of piles 3m - 5m away from the backwater side of the main dike, and throw large nylon nets to the backwater side of the piles to form the side dike.

[0012] (2.3) Repeat steps (2.1) - (2.2) until the conditions suitable for closure are reached.

[0013] (2.4) Throw geotextile bags between the main dike and the side dike to connect the two dikes into a whole and form the advancing body.

[0014] Step 3: Complete the closure and airtightness of the breach, specifically as follows:

[0015] (3.1) Launch rocket anchors at the preset position of the breach, connect the rocket anchors with the fixed piles on the shore through the anchor cables, slide and throw steel wire mesh rock cages to the bottom of the river at the breach with the help of the anchor cables, quickly implant a row of piles on the backwater side of the steel wire mesh rock cages, and throw geotextile bags into the spaces of the steel wire mesh rock cages to form a blocking body.

[0016] (3.2) Quickly put geotextile bags and large nylon nets on the backwater side of the blocking body until the breach is closed.

[0017] (3.3) Spread stones and soil materials into the spaces of the blocking body to complete the airtightness and achieve the blocking of the breach.

[0018] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned Step 1, the outside of the willow-rock pillow is composed of willow branches, and the inside is filled with block stones and soil bags, which are tied and fixed by binding ropes for pillows. The material of the binding ropes for pillows is lead wire; the depth of the fixed piles on the shore driven into the soil is 0.5m - 1.2m; the material of the ropes is nylon rope, with a diameter of 8mm - 12mm; the height of the end protection exceeds the water surface by 1m - 2m, the width along the dike axis direction is 12m - 15m, and the protection range on the water-facing side is larger than that on the backwater side.

[0019] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned step (2.1), the length and diameter of the anchor cable are determined according to the hydraulic conditions of the breach, and the material is steel wire;

[0020] Further, in the step (2.2), the pile body is composed of a steel sheet pile and a steel pipe pile combined by a locking strip; the diameter of the steel pipe pile is 25 cm to 35 cm, and the length is 15 m to 20 m; the steel sheet pile is a U-shaped Larssen steel sheet pile with a length of 15 m to 20 m; the large nylon net is filled with large boulders or soil bags.

[0021] Further, in the second step, the width of each section of the main dam along the axis of the dike is 12 - 15 m; the total width of the main dam along the axis of the dike is greater than the total width of the side dam; the height of the advancing body exceeds the water surface by 1 m to 2 m; when the water depth of the breach is less than 10 m, the advancing body is in a "one-word" shape; when the water depth of the breach is greater than 10 m, the angle between the advancing body and the upstream side of the breach water level is 30° - 45°, showing a "herringbone" shape.

[0022] Further, in the third step, the height of the plugging body exceeds the water surface by 1 m to 2 m; when the water depth of the breach is less than 10 m, the plugging body is in a "one-word" shape; when the water depth of the breach is greater than 10 m, the angle between the plugging body and the upstream side of the breach water level is 30° - 45°, showing a "herringbone" shape.

[0023] The present invention solves the problems of long construction period and low plugging efficiency in the existing dike breach plugging technology, and has at least the following advantages:

[0024] (1) During the advancing process, the present invention has the following characteristics: First, the rocket anchor sliding and casting steel mesh gabion technology is adopted to construct the main dam based on the rocket anchor - steel mesh gabion, which can quickly narrow the width of the mouth of the breach to reduce disasters and lower the construction difficulty of the side dam based on the pile driving technology; Second, the side dam quickly formed based on the pile driving technology has the function of reducing the scouring of the backflow and maintaining the main dam; Finally, throwing geotextile bags between the main dam and the side dam can connect the two dams into a whole, enhance the water resistance ability, and reduce the difficulty of closing the airtightness of the main dam.

[0025] (2) During the closure process, due to the narrow mouth of the breach, the flow velocity increases. Through the rocket anchor - steel mesh gabion technology, it can quickly "take root" at the breach with deep water and fast flow, forming a plugging body for reducing flow and buffering, providing favorable conditions for the development of the pile driving technology. At the same time, the implanted pile body can also play a role in resisting the water flow and supporting the plugging body.

[0026] (3) The rocket anchor and pile driving technologies adopted by the present invention have strong adaptability to terrain and geology, high construction efficiency, stability and reliability, and can quickly reach the emergency rescue construction site in a short time. At the same time, materials such as willow - stone pillows, steel mesh gabions, and geotextile bags have the advantages of being easy to obtain local materials and can be quickly assembled and thrown.

[0027] In summary, the present invention combines the advantages of mechanized equipment and traditional dike breach blocking techniques, and adopts an integrated and collaborative blocking method using rocket anchors, steel pipe piles, steel sheet piles, willow-rock pillows, steel mesh gabions, geotextile bags, and large nylon nets to achieve rapid and effective blocking of dike breaches in a short time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the head wrapping of the breach of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the rocket anchor launch of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the sliding casting of the steel mesh gabion of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 It is the first step schematic diagram of the approach when the water depth of the breach of the present invention is less than 10m;

[0032] Figure 5 It is the second step schematic diagram of the approach when the water depth of the breach of the present invention is less than 10m;

[0033] Figure 6 It is the total schematic diagram of the approach when the water depth of the breach of the present invention is less than 10m;

[0034] Figure 7 It is the total schematic diagram of the approach when the water depth of the breach of the present invention is greater than 10m;

[0035] Figure 8 It is the first step schematic diagram of the closure when the water depth of the breach of the present invention is less than 10m;

[0036] Figure 9 It is the total schematic diagram of the closure when the water depth of the breach of the present invention is less than 10m;

[0037] Figure 10 It is the total schematic diagram of the closure when the water depth of the breach of the present invention is greater than 10m;

[0038] Figure 11 It is the schematic diagram of the rocket anchor structure of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 12 It is the connection schematic diagram of the steel pipe pile and the steel sheet pile of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 13 It is the schematic diagram of the willow-rock pillow structure of the present invention;

[0041] In the figure: 1 - dike crest, 2 - willow-rock pillow, 3 - fixed pile, 4 - rope, 5 - bottom of the breached river, 6 - rocket anchor, 7 - anchor cable, 8 - wrap head, 9 - steel mesh gabion, 10 - geotextile bag, 11 - steel pipe pile, 12 - steel sheet pile, 13 - large nylon net, 14 - advancing body, 15 - locking strip, 16 - pillow binding rope, 17 - willow branches, 18 - riprap and soil bags. Detailed implementation mode

[0042] The following combines Figures 1-13 to make a detailed description of a rapid dike breach plugging method combining rocket anchors and pile driving technology of the present invention.

[0043] A rapid dike breach plugging method combining rocket anchors and pile driving technology of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0044] The first step: As Figure 1 shown, quickly throw the willow-rock pillow 2, build the wrap head 8, and consolidate the broken dike head: lower the dike crest 1, expand the emergency platform, use a rapid pile driving device to drive the fixed piles 3 on both sides of the dike head breach, make the willow-rock pillow 2 with an electric pillow binding machine, tie the willow-rock pillow 2 to the fixed pile 3 through the rope 4, and use machinery such as an excavator to throw the willow-rock pillow 2 to build the wrap head 8 and consolidate the broken dike head. In this embodiment, the outside of the willow-rock pillow 2 is composed of willow branches 17, filled with riprap and soil bags 18 inside, and is tied and fixed by the pillow binding rope 16. The material of the pillow binding rope 16 is wire; the depth of the shore fixed pile 3 driven into the soil is 1 m, the material of the rope 4 is nylon rope, and the diameter is 10 mm; the height of the wrap head 8 exceeds the water surface by 2 m, the width along the dike axis direction is 15 m, and the wrapping range on the water-facing side is larger than that on the backwater side; the structural schematic diagram of the willow-rock pillow is as Figure 13 shown.

[0045] The second step: As Figures 2-7 shown, combine the rocket anchor 6, steel pipe pile 11, steel sheet pile 12, steel mesh gabion 9, geotextile bag 10, and large nylon net 13 to quickly build the advancing body 14 to create favorable conditions for closure, specifically as follows:

[0046] (2.1) Quickly deploy the rocket anchor launching device on both sides of the breach and quickly assemble the wire mesh into a steel mesh gabion 9. Launch the rocket anchor 6 according to the preset position, use a rapid pile driving device to drive the fixed piles 3 on the shore, connect the anchor cable 7 to the fixed piles 3 arranged on the shore, and place the steel mesh gabion 9 on the anchor cable 7 through a crane and slide it to the predetermined position of the breach. While sliding the steel mesh gabion 9, make the geotextile bag 10 with a soil filling and bagging machine, and use equipment such as a forklift to throw the geotextile bag 10 into the gaps of the steel mesh gabion 9 to build the main dam. In this embodiment, the length and diameter of the anchor cable 7 are determined according to the hydraulic conditions of the breach, and the material is steel wire; the structural schematic diagram of the rocket anchor 6 is as Figure 11 shown.

[0047] (2.2) At a distance of 4 m from the water-retaining side of the main dam on both sides of the breach, a row of piles is driven using a pile driver. Subsequently, large boulders or soil bags are filled into the large nylon net 13, and the large nylon net 13 is thrown to the water-retaining side of the piles with the help of equipment such as a crane to form a side dam. In this embodiment, the pile is composed of a steel sheet pile 12 and a steel pipe pile 11 combined through a locking strip 15; the diameter of the steel pipe pile 11 is 30 cm and the length is 18 m; the steel sheet pile 12 is a U-shaped Larssen steel sheet pile with a length of 18 m; the connection schematic diagram of the steel pipe pile 11 and the steel sheet pile 12 is as Figure 12 shown.

[0048] (2.3) Repeat steps (2.1) to (2.2) until the conditions for suitable closure are reached.

[0049] (2.4) Use a soil bagging machine to make geotextile bags, and use a forklift to throw the geotextile bags into the space between the main dam and the side dam, so that the two dams are connected as a whole to form an advancing body. In this embodiment, the width of each occupation of the main dam along the axis of the dike is 12 m; the total width of the main dam along the axis of the dike is greater than the total width of the side dam; the height of the advancing body 14 is 2 m above the water surface; when the water depth of the breach is less than 10 m, the advancing body is in a "one-word" shape; when the water depth of the breach is greater than 10 m, the angle between the advancing body and the upstream side of the breach horizontal plane is 30°, presenting a "herringbone" shape.

[0050] The third step, as Figures 8-10 shown, complete the closure and airtightness of the breach, specifically as follows:

[0051] (3.1) Launch a rocket anchor 6 at a preset position of the breach through a rocket anchor launching device, connect the rocket anchor 6 with a fixed pile 3 arranged on the shore through a cable 7, and slide a steel mesh gabion 9 to the bottom of the river 5 of the breach with the help of the cable 7. Quickly implant a row of piles on the water-retaining side of the steel mesh gabion 9, and throw geotextile bags 10 into the gaps of the steel mesh gabion 9 to form a sealing body;

[0052] (3.2) Quickly place geotextile bags 10 and large nylon nets 13 on the water-retaining side of the sealing body with the help of equipment such as a crane and a forklift until the breach is closed. In this embodiment, the height of the sealing body exceeds the water surface by 2 m; when the water depth of the breach is less than 10 m, the sealing body is in a "one-word" shape; when the water depth of the breach is greater than 10 m, the angle between the sealing body and the upstream side of the breach horizontal plane is 30°, presenting a "herringbone" shape.

[0053] (3.3) Fill the gaps of the sealing body with stones and soil to complete the airtightness and achieve the closure of the breach.

[0054] The above-described embodiments merely represent the implementation modes of the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent for the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can still be made, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for quickly sealing a dike breach by combining rocket anchor and pile planting technology, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Quickly throw the willow stone pillow (2), build the wrap (8), and consolidate the broken embankment head; Step 2: Rapidly construct the entry body (14) by combining rocket anchors (6), piles, steel mesh gabions (9), geobags (10), and large nylon nets (13) to create favorable conditions for closure. When the breach water depth is less than 10m, the entry body (14) is in a straight line shape; when the breach water depth is greater than 10m, the angle between the entry body (14) and the breach horizontal plane toward the upstream side is 30° to 45°, forming a herringbone shape; The specific steps include: (2.1) Rocket anchors (6) are launched at pre-set positions on both sides of the breach, anchor cables (7) are connected to fixed piles (3) arranged on the shore, steel mesh gabions (9) are slid through the anchor cables (7), and geotextile bags (10) are thrown into the gaps of the steel mesh gabions (9) to construct the main dam; (2.2) A row of piles is driven in 3m to 5m from the backwater side of the main dam, and a large nylon net (13) is thrown to the backwater side of the piles to form a side dam; (2.3) Repeat steps (2.1) to (2.2) until the conditions suitable for closure are met; (2.4) Throwing the geotextile bag (10) between the main dam and the side dam, so that the two dams are connected as a whole to form an entry body (14); Step 3: After reaching the appropriate closure conditions, the closure is carried out based on rocket anchors (6) and pile planting technology. After the closure is completed, stones and soil are spread to fill the gaps in the breach to complete the airtightness and achieve the breach sealing; The specific steps include: (3.1) Launching a rocket anchor (6) at a preset breach position, connecting the rocket anchor (6) to a shore fixed pile (3) via an anchor cable (7), sliding a steel mesh gabion (9) to the breach riverbed (5) with the help of the anchor cable (7), quickly implanting a row of piles on the backwater side of the steel mesh gabion (9), and throwing a geotextile bag (10) into the gap of the steel mesh gabion (9) to form a plugging body; When the breach water depth is less than 10m, the plugging body is in a straight line shape; when the breach water depth is greater than 10m, the angle between the plugging body and the breach horizontal plane to the upstream side is 30° to 45°, in a herringbone shape; (3.2) Rapidly place geotextile bags (10) and large nylon nets (13) on the backwater side of the plugging body until the closure is completed; (3.3) Fill the gaps in the sealing body with stones and soil to seal the breach.

2. The method for quickly sealing a dike breach by combining rocket anchor and pile planting technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first step is specifically as follows: lowering the embankment top (1), expanding the emergency rescue platform, driving fixed piles (3) on both sides of the breach at the embankment head, connecting the fixed piles (3) with the willow stone pillow (2) through ropes (4), throwing the willow stone pillow (2), building a wrapping head (8), and consolidating the broken embankment head.

3. The method for quickly sealing a dike breach by combining rocket anchor and pile planting technology according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The willow stone pillow (2) is formed of willow branches (17) on the outside, and is filled with stones and earth bags (18) on the inside, and is tied and fixed by pillow binding ropes (16), and the pillow binding ropes (16) are made of lead wire; the shore fixing piles (3) are driven into the soil to a depth of 0.5m to 1.2m, and the ropes (4) are made of nylon ropes with a diameter of 8mm to 12mm; the height of the wrapping head (8) exceeds the water surface by 1m to 2m, and the width along the axis of the embankment is 12m to 15m, and the wrapping range on the waterfront side is larger than the wrapping range on the backwater side.

4. The method for rapidly sealing a dike breach by combining rocket anchor and pile planting technology according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The length and diameter of the anchor cable (7) are determined according to the hydraulic conditions of the breach, and the material is steel wire; the pile body is composed of a steel sheet pile (12) and a steel pipe pile (11) combined by a locking strip (15); the large nylon net (13) is filled with large stones or earth bags; The width of each section of the main dam along the axial direction of the dike is 12 to 15 meters; the total width of the main dam along the axial direction of the dike is greater than the total width of the side dams; the height of the entry body (14) is 1 to 2 meters above the water surface.

5. The method for rapid plugging of dike breaches using a combined rocket anchor and pile planting technology according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The steel pipe pile (11) has a diameter of 25 cm to 35 cm and a length of 15 m to 20 m; the steel sheet pile (12) is a U-shaped Larsen steel sheet pile with a length of 15 m to 20 m.

6. The method for rapid plugging of dike breaches using a combined rocket anchor and pile planting technology according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The height of the blocking body is 1m to 2m above the water surface.

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