A multi-level trophic level marine ecosystem simulation device and simulation method

Abstract

The present invention provides a multi-level trophic level marine ecosystem simulation device and simulation method, which belongs to the field of marine ecological simulation technology. The device can simulate different marine environments such as coastal, shallow sea, lagoon, hydrothermal vent, etc. by controlling equipment parameters. The method simulates the multi-level biological nutritional structure in different ecosystems by configuring the biological species and quantity of different producers, consumers and decomposers, and combines the environment and organisms to simulate the ecosystem, restore the actual situation in the field to the greatest extent, and realize comprehensive simulation of the ecosystem; at the same time, the cooperation of various devices such as water replenishment, temperature control, circulation, light control, and monitoring can maintain the stability of the ecosystem for a long time, providing stable simulation experimental conditions for quantitative research on marine ecology such as the interaction between organisms and the environment, and also providing experimental method support for achieving carbon neutrality and biodiversity protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of marine ecological simulation, and in particular to a multi-level trophic level marine ecosystem simulation device and a simulation method. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, the impact of climate change on marine ecosystems has intensified. Global warming, leading to ocean heatwaves, weakened ocean circulation, rising sea levels, and typhoon-induced tsunamis, has significantly impacted the structure and stability of marine ecosystems. Under these circumstances, the future trophic structure, biodiversity, and potential evolutionary paths of marine ecosystems remain unclear, making the study of marine ecosystems crucial. Currently, marine ecosystem research generally falls into two approaches: direct field (at sea) studies of marine ecosystems and the use of devices to simulate marine ecosystems. However, the former approach is difficult, time-consuming, and costly, with uncontrollable experimental parameters and significant risks. Currently, the latter approach primarily involves simulations of microbial environments or culture / environmental simulations for specific organisms. Simulations of complete marine ecosystems are rare. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, in order to solve the above technical problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-level trophic level marine ecosystem simulation device and simulation method.

[0004] An embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-level trophic level marine ecosystem simulation device, comprising:

[0005] The first water tank has a water quality monitor inside, wave makers on both sides of the inner wall, a lighting system on the top, and an air stone and a drain at the bottom;

[0006] A monitor is provided on the outside of the first water tank;

[0007] A accommodating box is provided below the first water tank;

[0008] a second water tank located below the first water tank, having a first partition plate inserted therein to form a first processing chamber and a first culture chamber; a water circulation treatment device is disposed within the first processing chamber, the water circulation treatment device being connected to the first water tank via a first pipe;

[0009] The first treatment chamber is provided with a water replenisher on the outside and a float liquid level controller on the inner wall, and the water replenisher is connected to the float liquid level controller through a pipeline;

[0010] The third water tank is located below the first water tank, and a second partition plate is inserted inside it to form a second processing chamber body and a second culture chamber body. The second processing chamber body is connected to the first culture chamber body through a connecting pipe, and the first water tank is connected to the second culture chamber body through a second tube body. The upper end of the second tube body is lower than the upper end of the first tube body.

[0011] Furthermore, the first water tank is placed on the top of the accommodating box, and the second water tank and the third water tank are both located inside the accommodating box.

[0012] Furthermore, the wave maker in the first water tank includes three basic wave-making modes, namely, pulse mode, continuous mode and intermittent mode. The basic wave-making modes of the two wave makers cooperate with each other to form three coordination modes, namely, simultaneous wave making in the same direction, simultaneous wave making in opposite directions and intermittent wave making.

[0013] Furthermore, an air stone is provided at the bottom of the first water tank, an air pump is provided in the accommodating box, the air stone is connected to the air pump pipeline, the drain outlet is located at one end inside the first water tank and the cover is provided with a height-adjustable filter cover, and the filter cover is made of transparent material.

[0014] Furthermore, the water circulation treatment device includes a water pump located inside the first treatment chamber and a filter and sterilizer located outside the second water tank, wherein the water pump, the filter and the sterilizer are connected in sequence, and the water circulation treatment device is connected to the first water tank through the first pipe body.

[0015] Furthermore, a transparent perforated partition is horizontally provided inside the first culture chamber body, and a full-spectrum lamp is provided above the transparent perforated partition.

[0016] Furthermore, a protein separator and a bacterial culture device are provided in the second treatment chamber body, a filter plate is horizontally provided in the second culture chamber body, and the second tube body is used to connect one end of the second culture chamber body and the first water tank, and the port is located above the filter plate.

[0017] Furthermore, a controller is provided outside the first water tank, and the controller is electrically connected to the monitor, the temperature sensor, the temperature controller, the water pump, the air pump, the lighting system, the wave-making pump and the water quality monitor respectively.

[0018] The above-mentioned multi-level trophic level marine ecosystem simulation device also includes a simulation method. Taking the shallow sea ecosystem as an example, the method includes the following steps:

[0019] S1. Laying coral sand as bottom sand at the bottom of the first water tank, and laying coral bones or other biological fillers at the bottom of the second culture chamber to complete the adsorption of decomposers and preparation of growth materials;

[0020] S2. Start the water replenisher to replenish seawater into the second water tank, and use the float liquid level controller to control the water level. When the salinity and water level are appropriate, the water replenisher is switched to replenishing pure water. Then, start the water circulation treatment device to allow the treated water in the second water tank to be injected into the first water tank through the first pipe, and then return to the third water tank through the second pipe, thereby completing the simulation of water circulation in the shallow sea ecosystem;

[0021] S3. Adjust the water temperature to the set temperature, start the air pump to introduce air into the water, adjust the wave maker to the pulse wave making mode, then set the illumination system's illumination cycle to 12 hours of light on + 12 hours of lights off, and set the illumination intensity to 5000 Lx. After the overall operation of the device is stable, complete the simulation of the shallow sea ecosystem environment;

[0022] S4. After the environmental simulation of the ecosystem stabilizes, the water circulation treatment device is closed, and decomposers—common bacterial flora found in various shallow-sea ecosystems—are placed into the biological filler of the second culture chamber and the bottom sand of the first water tank. The bacterial flora culture device is opened and allowed to stand for 2 hours to allow the decomposers to be absorbed by the bottom sand and biological filler. The water circulation treatment device is then restarted to resume water circulation, thereby completing the simulation of decomposers in the shallow-sea ecosystem.

[0023] S5. Place a first producer into the first water tank, and place a second producer capable of photosynthesising under the full-spectrum light into the lower portion of the first culture chamber to complete the simulation of producers in a shallow sea ecosystem;

[0024] S6. Place consumers into the first water tank and ensure that the weight of the consumers is less than or equal to the total weight of the producers, thereby completing the simulation of the entire shallow sea ecosystem, and then monitoring and observing the biological and environmental changes of the shallow sea ecosystem.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present invention are as follows: a multi-level trophic level marine ecosystem simulation device and simulation method of the present invention can realize the simulation of marine ecosystems under various different environments by combining different producers, consumers, decomposers and adsorption production materials, in combination with the regulation of water temperature, salinity, gas, light cycle, etc.; and the device structure of the present invention is simple and the simulation method is convenient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a multi-level trophic level marine ecosystem simulation device of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the recycled water circulation treatment device;

[0028] Figure 3 The present invention is a flow chart of a simulation method of a multi-level trophic level marine ecosystem simulation device.

[0029] In the figure: 1-first water tank, 2-second water tank, 3-third water tank, 4-first partition plate, 5-first treatment chamber body, 6-first culture chamber body, 7-second partition plate, 8-second treatment chamber body, 9-second culture chamber body, 10-water circulation treatment device, 11-first pipe body, 12-second pipe body, 13-water replenishing machine, 14-float liquid level controller, 15-temperature sensor, 16-temperature controller, 17-transparent perforated partition plate, 18-full spectrum lamp, 19-connecting pipe, 20-protein skimmer, 21-bacteria culture device, 22-filter plate, 23-wave maker, 24-water quality monitor, 25-drain outlet, 26-air stone, 27-lighting system, 28-monitor, 29-controller, 30-accommodation box, 31-water pump, 32-filter, 33-sterilizer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] Please refer to Figures 1 to 2 An embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-level trophic level marine ecosystem simulation device, which includes a first water tank 1, a second water tank 2, a third water tank 3 and a containing tank 30.

[0032] The second water tank 2 and the third water tank 3 are both located below the first water tank 1, and the second water tank 2 and the third water tank 3 are both installed inside the accommodating box 30, and the two are placed relatively horizontally. The first water tank 1 is installed at the upper end of the accommodating box 30, and the accommodating box 30 is used to play a protective and supporting role. In this embodiment, the first water tank 1, the second water tank 2, the third water tank 3, and the accommodating box 30 are all made of transparent material.

[0033] A first partition plate 4 is vertically inserted into the second water tank 2 to divide the interior of the second water tank 2 into a first treatment chamber body 5 and a first culture chamber body 6. It should be noted here that the contact portion between the first partition plate 4 and the inner wall of the second water tank 2 is non-sealed, so that the first treatment chamber body 5 and the first culture chamber body 6 can be communicated.

[0034] A water circulation treatment device 10 is provided in the first treatment chamber body 5, and the water circulation treatment device 10 is connected to the first water tank 1 through the first pipe body 11. The water circulation treatment device 10 is used to pump the water in the first treatment chamber body 5 into the first water tank 1 to form a water circulation between the first water tank 1, the second water tank 2 and the third water tank 3.

[0035] The multi-level trophic level marine ecosystem simulation device of this embodiment also includes a water replenisher 13, which replenishes water into the first treatment chamber 5 via a float level controller 14 and uses the float level controller 14 to control the level of the replenished water. It should be noted that since the float level controller is a relatively common existing component, its working principle and liquid level control function are relatively well-known, so they will not be described in detail here. It should also be noted that the installation height of the float level controller 14 can be set according to the actual working conditions, that is, the water replenishment level can be set according to the working conditions, and is not limited by the drawings of this embodiment.

[0036] A temperature sensor 15 and a temperature controller 16 are provided in the first treatment chamber body 5. The heater 16 is used to heat and cool the water added to the first treatment chamber body 5 when necessary. The temperature sensor 15 is used to monitor the temperature of the water body and cooperate with the temperature controller 16 to control the temperature of the water body.

[0037] The water circulation treatment device 10 includes a water pump 31, a filter 32 and a sterilizer 33, wherein the water pump 31, the filter 32 and the sterilizer 33 are connected in sequence, the water pump 31 is located in the first treatment chamber body 5, the filter 32 and the sterilizer 33 are located outside the second water tank 2, and the sterilizer 33 is connected to the first water tank 1 through the first pipe body 11. The water pump 31 is used to pump the water in the first treatment chamber body 5 into the filter 32, and then pass through the sterilizer 33 and inject it into the first water tank 1 through the first water pipe 11. The filter 32 is used for filtering, and the sterilizer 33 is used for sterilization.

[0038] A transparent perforated partition 17 is installed horizontally above the first culture chamber 6. A full-spectrum lamp 18 is installed above and within the first culture chamber 6. The portion of the first culture chamber 6 below the perforated partition 17 is used to cultivate producers in a simulated marine ecosystem. It should be noted that when controlling the liquid level via the float level controller 14, the maximum liquid level must be aligned with the installation position of the perforated partition 17 to avoid damage to the full-spectrum lamp 18.

[0039] A second partition plate 7 is vertically inserted into the third water tank 3 to divide the interior of the third water tank 3 into a second treatment chamber body 8 and a second culture chamber body 9. It should be noted here that the contact portion between the second partition plate 7 and the inner wall of the third water tank 3 is non-sealed, so that the second treatment chamber body 8 and the second culture chamber body 9 can communicate with each other.

[0040] The second treatment chamber body 8 is connected to the lower part of the first culture chamber body 6 through a connecting pipe 19. In this embodiment, there are two connecting pipes 19, and each connecting pipe 19 is used to connect the second water tank 2 and the third water tank 3; a protein skimmer 20 and a bacterial culture device 21 are installed inside the second treatment chamber body 8. When simulating the marine ecosystem, the protein skimmer 20 is used to discharge macromolecular organic matter in the water body when needed, and the bacterial culture device 21 contains bacterial communities such as nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria and their carbon sources.

[0041] A filter plate 22 is horizontally provided on the upper portion of the second culture chamber 9. The portion of the second culture chamber 9 located below the filter plate 22 is used to cultivate decomposers when simulating a marine ecosystem. When cultivating decomposers, coral bones need to be placed in the second culture chamber 9 to serve as adsorption and growth materials for the decomposers.

[0042] A second tube body 12 is provided in the first water tank 1, and the first water tank 1 is connected to the third water tank 3 through the second tube body 12. The upper end of the second tube body 12 is located inside the first water tank 1, and the lower end is located in the second culture chamber body 9. It should be noted here that the lower end of the second tube body 12 is located above the filter plate 22; the upper end of the second tube body 12 is lower than the upper end of the first tube body 11, so that the water level of the first water tank 1 can be controlled by the height difference between the two, and the first water tank 1, the second water tank 2, and the third water tank 3 can also form a water circulation.

[0043] Wave makers 23 are provided on both end walls of the interior of the first water tank 1. The two wave makers 23 are used to make waves when the simulation is required. In this embodiment, each of the wave makers 23 includes two wave making modes, namely, pulse mode and continuous intermittent mode. It should be noted that since the wave maker is a relatively common component, it will not be described in detail.

[0044] The first water tank 1 is provided with a water quality monitor 24. The water quality monitor 24 needs to be immersed in the water body during installation to monitor parameters such as the temperature, pH value, and salinity of the water body. It should be noted that in this embodiment, the water quality monitor 24 is an integrated component. The bottom of the first water tank 1 is provided with multiple air inlets, each of which is provided with an air stone 26. The air inlets are used to connect to external air injection equipment. The external air injection equipment ventilates the air into the air inlets and enters the first water tank 1 through the corresponding air stone 26. In this embodiment, the gas introduced into the first water tank 1 is air. The bottom of the first water tank 1 is also provided with a drain port 25, which is used to connect to external wastewater treatment equipment.

[0045] When simulating a shallow sea ecosystem, coral sand is placed in the first water tank 1 as an adsorption and growth material for decomposers. At the same time, ensure that the coral sand is lower than the upper end of the drain outlet. A filter is provided at the upper end of the drain outlet to prevent the coral sand and the like from being discharged during drainage.

[0046] A lighting system 27 is provided above the first water tank 1. In actual working conditions, the lighting system 27 can be connected to the outer wall of the accommodating box 30. At the same time, the lighting system 27 has the function of adjusting the height to adjust the distance from the first water tank 1; a monitor 28 is also provided above the first water tank 1, and the monitor 28 is used to monitor the situation inside the water tank.

[0047] The multi-level trophic level marine ecosystem simulation device in this embodiment further includes a controller 29 , which is electrically connected to the monitor 28 , the temperature sensor 15 , the temperature controller 16 , the water pump 31 and the water quality monitor 24 .

[0048] Please refer to Figure 3 This embodiment also provides a simulation method for a multi-level trophic level marine ecosystem simulation device, the method comprising the following steps:

[0049] S1. Taking the simulation of shallow sea ecosystem as an example, coral sand is laid at the bottom of the first water tank 1, and coral bones are laid at the lower part of the second culture chamber 9 to complete the adsorption of decomposers and preparation of growth materials.

[0050] Specifically, this embodiment simulates a shallow-water ecosystem to observe and study its evolution. First, coral sand is placed in the first water tank 1, with the thickness of the coral sand lower than the upper end of the drain outlet 25. This facilitates wastewater drainage when needed and also serves as an adsorption and growth material for decomposers. Subsequently, coral bone is placed in the portion of the second culture chamber 9 below the filter plate 22. This also serves as an adsorption and growth material for decomposers. This completes the preparation of the adsorption and growth material for decomposers.

[0051] S2. Start the water replenishing machine 13 to replenish seawater into the second water tank 2, and use the float liquid level controller 14 to control the water level. Then start the water circulation treatment device 10 so that the water in the second water tank 2 is injected into the first water tank 1 through the first pipe body 11 after treatment, and flows back to the third water tank 3 through the second pipe body 12 to complete the simulation of water circulation in the shallow sea ecosystem.

[0052] Specifically, the water replenishing machine 13 is started to replenish seawater into the second water tank 2. Since the second water tank 2 and the third water tank 3 are connected, when the liquid levels of the second water tank 2 and the third water tank 3 are about to reach the liquid level that can be controlled by the float liquid level controller 14, the water circulation treatment device 10 and the protein separator 20 are started, so that the water in the second water tank 2 is pumped into the first water tank 1 after discharging organic matter, filtering, sterilizing, and temperature control. At this time, the water replenishing machine 13 continues to replenish water, and when the water level in the first water tank 1 reaches a certain height, it flows back from the second pipe body 12 to the second culture chamber body 9. At this time, the water replenishing machine 13 can be turned off as needed or replaced with pure water to maintain the stability of the water salinity, so as to realize the simulation of the circulation of water in the shallow sea ecosystem.

[0053] S3. Adjust the water temperature to normal shallow sea temperature, introduce air into the water, and adjust the wave maker to the pulse wave-making mode. Then, set the illumination cycle of the illumination system 27 to 12 hours of light on and 12 hours of lights off. After the overall operation of the device is stable, adjust the water salinity to normal shallow sea salinity to complete the simulation of the environment in the shallow sea ecosystem.

[0054] Specifically, the temperature of the water body is adjusted to a set value by the temperature sensor 15 and the temperature controller 16. In this embodiment, the set value is 22°C. Subsequently, air is introduced into the water body through an external air injection device, and the wave maker 23 is turned on to generate waves in pulse mode. At the same time, the lighting cycle of the lighting system 27 is set to 12 hours of light + 12 hours of lights out. Finally, the salinity of the water body is monitored by the water quality monitor 24, and the salinity of the water body is adjusted to the set salinity as needed. The set salinity in this embodiment is 1.025. At this point, the environmental simulation of the shallow sea ecosystem is completed.

[0055] S4. After the environmental simulation of the shallow-sea ecosystem stabilizes, the water circulation treatment device is turned off, and the decomposers are placed in the second culture chamber 9 and the first water tank 1. The bacterial culture device 21 is turned on and the system is left to stand for 2 hours to allow the decomposers to be adsorbed on the coral bones and coral sand. The water circulation treatment device 10 is then restarted to resume water circulation, thereby completing the simulation of the decomposers in the shallow-sea ecosystem.

[0056] Specifically, after the environmental simulation of the shallow-sea ecosystem stabilizes, the water circulation treatment device 10 is temporarily shut down, the protein skimmer 20 is shut down, and decomposers extracted from natural seawater are placed into the second culture chamber 9 and the first water tank 1, respectively. The decomposers include decomposer flora such as nitrifying bacteria. Thereafter, the flora culture device 21 is started and allowed to stand for 2 hours to allow the decomposers to be adsorbed into the coral bones and coral sand. After the decomposers are adsorbed, the water circulation treatment device 10 is started to resume water circulation. At this point, the simulation of decomposers in the shallow-sea ecosystem is completed.

[0057] S5. Place a first producer into the first water tank 1, and then place a second producer that can photosynthesize under the full-spectrum lamp 18 into the lower part of the first culture chamber 6 to complete the simulation of producers in the shallow sea ecosystem.

[0058] Specifically, the first type of producers extracted from the shallow sea ecosystem are put into the first water tank 1. This type of producers are microalgae, including Chlorella, Subcordiform Algae, Isochrysis sphericalensis, Chaetoceros hornwort, etc.; then the second type of producers extracted from the wild shallow sea ecosystem are put into the first culture chamber 6. This type of producers are macroalgae, including Grape Algae, Staghorn Algae, Steel Algae and Red Peony Algae, etc. In this way, the full-spectrum lamp 18 can provide light for macroalgae to carry out photosynthesis. At this point, the simulation of producers in the shallow sea ecosystem is completed.

[0059] S6. Put consumers into the first water tank 1 and ensure that the weight of the consumers is less than or equal to the total weight of the producers, thereby completing the simulation of the entire shallow sea ecosystem in order to monitor and observe changes in the marine ecology.

[0060] Specifically, consumers extracted from the marine ecology are put into the first water tank 1. Such consumers may be fish, scallops, oysters, abalone, etc., and it is ensured that the weight of the consumers is less than or equal to the weight of macroscopic algae, thereby ensuring the stability of the ecology. Thus, the simulation of the entire shallow sea ecosystem is completed, which facilitates the subsequent observation and research of the biological and environmental changes of the shallow sea ecosystem.

[0061] It should be noted here that the simulation method provided in this embodiment is a method for simulating shallow sea ecosystems, but other ecosystems can also be simulated by changing the types of consumers, producers, decomposers, and culture materials; at the same time, by changing parameters such as wave generation mode, salinity, gas intake and type, and water circulation speed, the ecosystems under different extreme conditions can be simulated, such as high temperature environment, oxygen-deficient environment, high salinity environment, hydrothermal vent environment, etc.

[0062] In this document, directional terms such as front, back, top, and bottom are defined based on the positions of components in the accompanying drawings and relative to each other, and are intended only for clarity and convenience in describing the technical solution. It should be understood that the use of these directional terms should not limit the scope of protection claimed in this application.

[0063] In the absence of conflict, the above embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0064] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-level trophic level marine ecosystem simulation device, characterized by: First water tank; The first water tank is equipped with a water quality monitor inside, wave makers on both inner walls, a lighting system on the top, and an air stone and a drain at the bottom; A monitor is provided on the outside of the first water tank; A accommodating box is provided below the first water tank; a second water tank located below the first water tank, having a first partition plate inserted therein to form a first processing chamber and a first culture chamber; a water circulation treatment device is disposed within the first processing chamber, the water circulation treatment device being connected to the first water tank via a first pipe; The first treatment chamber is provided with a water replenisher on the outside and a float liquid level controller on the inner wall, and the water replenisher is connected to the float liquid level controller through a pipeline; a third water tank located below the first water tank, having a second partition plate inserted therein to form a second processing chamber and a second culture chamber; the second processing chamber is connected to the first culture chamber via a connecting pipe; the first water tank is connected to the second culture chamber via a second pipe, the upper end of the second pipe being lower than the upper end of the first pipe; An air stone is provided at the bottom of the first water tank, an air pump is provided in the containing box, the air stone is connected to the air pump pipeline, the drain port is located at one end inside the first water tank and is covered with a height-adjustable filter cover, and the filter cover is made of a transparent material; The water circulation treatment device includes a water pump located inside the first treatment chamber and a filter and a sterilizer located outside the second water tank, wherein the water pump, the filter and the sterilizer are connected in sequence, and the water circulation treatment device is connected to the first water tank through the first pipe body; The second processing chamber is provided with a protein separator and a bacterial culture device, the second culture chamber is horizontally provided with a filter plate, the second tube is used to connect one end of the second culture chamber and the first water tank, and the port is located above the filter plate.

2. A multi-level trophic level marine ecosystem simulation device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The first water tank is placed on the top of the accommodating box, and the second water tank and the third water tank are both located inside the accommodating box.

3. A multi-level trophic level marine ecosystem simulation device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The wave maker in the first water tank includes three basic wave-making modes, namely pulse mode, continuous mode and intermittent mode. The basic wave-making modes of the two wave makers cooperate with each other to form three coordination modes, namely simultaneous wave making in the same direction, simultaneous wave making in opposite directions and intermittent wave making.

4. A multi-level trophic level marine ecosystem simulation device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A transparent perforated partition is horizontally arranged inside the first culture chamber body, and a full-spectrum lamp is arranged above the transparent perforated partition.

5. The multi-level trophic level marine ecosystem simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A controller is provided outside the first water tank, and the controller is electrically connected to the monitor, the temperature sensor, the temperature controller, the water pump, the air pump, the lighting system, the wave maker and the water quality monitor respectively.

6. The simulation method of the multi-level trophic level marine ecosystem simulation device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are included: S1. Laying bottom sand at the bottom of the first water tank and laying biological filler at the bottom of the second culture chamber to complete the adsorption of decomposers and preparation of growth materials; S2, starting the water replenishing machine to replenish seawater into the second water tank, and using the float liquid level controller to control the water level, then starting the water circulation treatment device so that the treated water in the second water tank is injected into the first water tank through the first pipe body, and then flows back to the third water tank through the second pipe body, thereby completing the simulation of water circulation in the shallow sea ecosystem; S3, adjusting the water temperature to the set temperature, turning on the air pump, and adjusting the wave maker to the pulse wave making mode, then setting the illumination cycle of the illumination system to 12 hours of light + 12 hours of lights off, and setting the light intensity to 5000Lx, waiting for the overall operation of the multi-level trophic level marine ecosystem simulation device to be stable, and completing the simulation of the shallow sea environment in the shallow sea ecosystem; S4. After the environmental simulation of the ecosystem stabilizes, the water circulation treatment device is turned off, and decomposers are placed in the bottom sand of the second culture chamber and the first water tank. The decomposers are left to stand for 2 hours to allow the decomposers to be adsorbed in the bottom sand and the biological filler. The water circulation treatment device is then restarted to resume water circulation, thereby completing the simulation of decomposers in the shallow sea ecosystem. S5. Place a first producer into the first water tank, and then place a second producer capable of photosynthesising under full-spectrum light into the first culture chamber to complete the simulation of producers in a shallow sea ecosystem; S6. Put consumers into the first water tank and ensure that the weight of the consumers is less than or equal to the total weight of the producers, thereby completing the simulation of the entire shallow sea ecosystem, and then monitoring and observing the changes in the shallow sea ecology.

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