A cordyceps sinensis, a preparation method, application and product thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of medicinal material processing, and particularly relates to Tibetan ganoderma, a preparation method, application and product thereof, comprising the following steps: S1, pretreating and crushing unprocessed Tibetan ganoderma; S2, mixing and uniformly stirring the crushed Tibetan ganoderma with refined honey, then roasting with highland barley and screening out the highland barley to obtain processed Tibetan ganoderma, wherein the refined honey is obtained by refining honeybee honey. The present application uses honeybee honey and highland barley as auxiliary materials to process Tibetan ganoderma, and during roasting, the insoluble polysaccharide of Tibetan ganoderma fruiting body is gradually decomposed under the joint action of highland barley and honeybee honey; the dissolution of Tibetan ganoderma can be significantly improved; the extract content, Tibetan ganoderma polysaccharide content and triterpenes and sterols content of the processed Tibetan ganoderma of the present application are all significantly improved, thereby significantly increasing the bioavailability of Tibetan ganoderma medicinal material; and the unpleasant taste of Tibetan ganoderma medicinal material can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medicinal material processing technology, specifically to a Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum, its preparation method, application, and products. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional Tibetan medicine uses Ganoderma lucidum in its original form after harvesting, without any processing. Currently, there are no national standards for processing Ganoderma lucidum. The 2020 edition of the "Standards for Tibetan Medicinal Materials of Sichuan Province" specifies that the processing method for Ganoderma lucidum slices is "removing impurities and drying".

[0003] The fruiting body of Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum mainly consists of dense mycelial clusters, dense flesh, and spores. The main active ingredients in the flesh and spores are difficult to dissolve, resulting in very low solubility of active ingredients in unprocessed Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum and low bioavailability, severely impacting its pharmacological effects. Furthermore, the water-soluble components of Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum have a bitter taste, making it difficult for most users to tolerate and hindering patient use, thus negatively affecting its medicinal efficacy.

[0004] In the quality evaluation methods of traditional Chinese and Tibetan medicines, extracts, polysaccharide content of Ganoderma lucidum, triterpenes and sterols can be used as evaluation indicators for the dissolution rate of effective components of Ganoderma lucidum. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum and its preparation method. Using honey and barley as excipients to process Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum can significantly improve the dissolution rate of Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum and improve the unpleasant taste of Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum medicinal materials.

[0006] In addition, the present invention also provides the application of the above-mentioned Ganoderma lucidum and articles comprising the above-mentioned Ganoderma lucidum.

[0007] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0008] A method for preparing Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum includes the following steps:

[0009] S1. The unprocessed Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum is pre-treated and then crushed.

[0010] S2. Mix the crushed Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum with refined honey, then stir-fry it with barley and sift out the barley to obtain the processed Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum. The refined honey is honey that has been refined.

[0011] The purpose of the crushing process in step S1 of this invention is to crush the dense fruiting body flesh of Ganoderma lucidum; to increase the specific surface area of ​​Ganoderma lucidum during decoction or soaking, which is beneficial to improving the dissolution rate of Ganoderma lucidum.

[0012] In step S2 of this invention, the crushed Ganoderma lucidum is mixed with refined honey. The refined honey can be absorbed by the Ganoderma lucidum fruiting body. By reasonably controlling the amount of refined honey added, the refined honey can be completely absorbed by the Ganoderma lucidum fruiting body. Then, barley is added and roasted. Under the combined action of barley and honey, the insoluble polysaccharides of the Ganoderma lucidum fruiting body gradually decompose. Then, the polysaccharides decomposed by the Ganoderma lucidum and the honey sugar in the honey gelatinize, producing a strong aroma and rich sweetness, which can improve the taste of the Ganoderma lucidum.

[0013] In summary, this invention uses honey and barley as auxiliary materials to process Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum. During the roasting process, the insoluble polysaccharides in the fruiting body of Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum gradually decompose under the combined action of barley and honey. This significantly improves the solubility of Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum, with the extract content reaching over 18%. The content of polysaccharides, triterpenes, and sterols in Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum is also significantly increased, thus significantly enhancing the bioavailability of Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum.

[0014] Furthermore, the preparation method of the present invention can improve the taste of Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum by adding honey, and can increase the aroma and improve the taste of Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum by adding barley and stir-frying, thereby improving the unpleasant taste of Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum medicinal material.

[0015] Furthermore, in step S1, the pretreatment process includes removing impurities, washing, and moistening; the crushing process is to obtain Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum in block, flake, or granule form.

[0016] Among them, removing impurities refers to removing large particles of impurities from the surface of Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum; moistening is a conventional processing procedure for traditional Chinese medicine; specifically, Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum can be moistened by simply simmering it in water.

[0017] The specific methods to achieve fragmentation can be through cutting or other means that can prepare Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum into blocks, flakes or granules, including tearing by hand.

[0018] Furthermore, in step S2, when the Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum and refined honey are mixed and stirred, the amount of refined honey added is 20-25% of the Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum by weight.

[0019] The above dosage was obtained by the applicant through experiments, which revealed that:

[0020] When the amount of refined honey added is less than or equal to 15%, the proportion of refined honey is too low and cannot be completely and evenly mixed with the Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum; when the amount of refined honey added is greater than or equal to 30%, it is easy to caramelize during roasting, affecting the taste and medicinal properties. Considering both taste and solubility, the amount of refined honey added is determined to be 20-25% of the Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum.

[0021] Furthermore, in step S2, when barley is used for roasting, the amount of barley added is 20-40% of the amount of Ganoderma lucidum by weight, preferably 30%.

[0022] The above dosage was obtained by the applicant through experiments, which revealed that:

[0023] When the amount of barley added is less than or equal to 20%, the temperature of the auxiliary materials changes greatly during roasting, which is not conducive to the uniformity of roasting. When the amount of barley added is greater than or equal to 40%, the loss of auxiliary materials is greater. Taking all factors into consideration, the amount of barley added is 20-40% of that of Ganoderma lucidum, preferably 30%.

[0024] Furthermore, in step S2, when roasting barley, it is first roasted over a low heat and then over a high heat.

[0025] Under the combined action of barley and honey, the insoluble polysaccharides in Ganoderma lucidum fruiting bodies gradually decompose under a low heat. Under a high heat, the decomposed polysaccharides of Ganoderma lucidum and the honey in honey gelatinize, producing a strong aroma and rich sweetness.

[0026] Furthermore, the simmering time is 8-10 minutes over low heat; the simmering time is 5-7 minutes over high heat.

[0027] The above timeframes are set by the applicant through experimentation, which revealed that:

[0028] To determine the optimal frying times for low and high heat, an orthogonal comparative experiment was conducted. Low heat frying times were set at 6, 8, 10, and 12 minutes, while high heat frying times were set at 3, 5, 7, and 9 minutes. The moisture content and water-soluble extractives of the finished products were then measured. The results showed that 8-10 minutes of low heat frying and 5-7 minutes of high heat frying were the superior frying processes.

[0029] More preferably, the simmering time is 10 minutes over low heat and 5 minutes over high heat.

[0030] Furthermore, refined honey is obtained by adding drinking water to honey and then gently boiling it. Specifically, by weight, the drinking water accounts for 50% of the honey, the temperature is 110-114℃, and the time is greater than or equal to 15 minutes.

[0031] A Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum prepared using the above-mentioned method.

[0032] An application of processed Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum, including using the processed Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum in the preparation of medicines.

[0033] A product containing processed Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum, comprising a combination drug or a decoction, wherein the combination drug is the use of processed Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum in combination with other Chinese medicinal materials according to a prescription; the decoction is a soup made by decocting or steeping processed Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum.

[0034] Because the Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum prepared by this invention improves the original bitter taste of Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum by adding honey and barley, the decoction made from the prepared Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum has a slightly sweet taste and is not bitter, which can increase the compliance of users.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0036] 1. This invention uses honey and barley as auxiliary materials to process Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum. During the roasting process, the insoluble polysaccharides of the Ganoderma lucidum fruiting body gradually decompose under the combined action of barley and honey, which can significantly improve the solubility of Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum. The extracts of raw Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum from different origins and the extracts of processed Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum were compared. The results showed that the extract content, polysaccharide content, triterpenoid and sterol content of Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum processed by this invention were significantly increased.

[0037] 2. Existing Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum contains water-soluble components that taste bitter. This invention adds honey as an excipient to the processing of Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum. The refined honey prepared from honey can be absorbed by the fruiting body of Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum. Then, barley is added and roasted. Under the combined action of barley and honey, the insoluble polysaccharides of Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum fruiting body gradually decompose. Then, the polysaccharides decomposed from Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum and the honey sugar in honey gelatinize, producing a strong aroma and rich sweetness, which can improve the taste of Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum. The decoction or infusion of Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum prepared from this process has a slightly sweet taste and is not bitter, which increases the compliance of users and enhances the efficacy of Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum. Attached Figure Description

[0038] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments of the invention and form part of this application, do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0039] Figure 1 This is a comparison image of the extracts of Ganoderma lucidum before and after processing in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 This is a comparison diagram of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides, triterpenes, and sterols before and after processing in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 This is a comparison image of the extracts of Ganoderma lucidum before and after processing in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 This is a comparison diagram of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides, triterpenes, and sterols before and after processing in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 5 This is a comparison image of the extracts of Ganoderma lucidum before and after processing in Example 3 of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 6This is a comparison diagram of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides, triterpenes, and sterols before and after processing in Example 3 of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 7 This is a comparison diagram of the extracts of ordinary Ganoderma lucidum before and after processing in Comparative Example 1 of this invention;

[0046] Figure 8 This is a comparative diagram of the polysaccharides, triterpenes, and sterols of Ganoderma lucidum before and after processing in Comparative Example 1 of this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0047] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments and accompanying drawings. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this invention are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. The embodiments described below are some, but not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0048] In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of the invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that these specific details are not necessary to practice the invention. In other embodiments, well-known structures, materials, or methods are not specifically described to avoid obscuring the invention. Unless otherwise specified, the materials, instruments, and reagents used in the following embodiments are commercially available. Unless otherwise specified, the techniques used in the embodiments are conventional methods well known to those skilled in the art.

[0049] The dissolution rate of active ingredients in unprocessed Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum is very low, resulting in low bioavailability and severely impacting its pharmacological effects. The water-soluble components of Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum have a bitter taste, making them difficult for most users to tolerate and hindering patient use, thus negatively affecting its efficacy.

[0050] To address the above problems, this embodiment provides a method for preparing Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum, comprising the following steps:

[0051] S1. The unprocessed Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum is pre-treated and then crushed. The unprocessed Ganoderma lucidum refers to the original fruiting body, including white-fleshed Ganoderma lucidum from Tibet. The pre-treatment process includes removing impurities, washing, and moistening. Specifically, impurities can be removed manually to remove large particles of dirt and attached plant tissue from the surface of the Ganoderma lucidum. Moistening involves soaking the washed Ganoderma lucidum for 30-45 minutes. Moistening is one of the processing methods. It refers to washing or soaking the medicinal material to a certain extent, then removing it and covering it with a damp material to allow the moisture to fully penetrate the internal tissue, achieving uniform softening and facilitating slicing. This is a fundamental method in the softening process.

[0052] The fragmentation process aims to obtain Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum in block, flake, or granular form. Specific methods for fragmentation include cutting or other means that can prepare Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum into block, flake, or granular form, including hand-tearing, with cutting being preferred. One specific method for fragmentation is to cut thoroughly moistened Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum into small pieces of 6-8 mm.

[0053] S2. Mix the crushed Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum with refined honey, then stir-fry it with barley and sift out the barley to obtain the processed Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum. The refined honey is obtained by refining honey; specifically, it is obtained by adding drinking water to honey and boiling it at high temperature. Preferably, by weight, the drinking water accounts for 50% of the honey, the temperature is 110-114℃, and the time is greater than or equal to 15 minutes. In a specific case, the refined honey is obtained by adding 50% drinking water to honey and boiling it at 110-114℃ for 15 minutes.

[0054] When mixing Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum with refined honey, the amount of refined honey added should be 20-25% of the weight of Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum.

[0055] When using roasted highland barley, the amount of highland barley added, by weight, is 20-40% of the amount of Ganoderma lucidum, preferably 30%.

[0056] When using highland barley for roasting, it is first roasted over a low heat, then over a high heat. Under the combined action of highland barley and honey, the insoluble polysaccharides in the Ganoderma lucidum fruiting body gradually decompose under low heat, while under high heat, the decomposed polysaccharides and honey sugars gelatinize, producing a strong aroma and rich sweetness. Specifically, the roasting time is 8-10 minutes under low heat and 5-7 minutes under high heat; preferably, the roasting time is 10 minutes under low heat and 5 minutes under high heat.

[0057] In this embodiment, honey and barley are used as auxiliary materials to process Ganoderma lucidum. During the roasting process, the insoluble polysaccharides of Ganoderma lucidum fruiting bodies gradually decompose under the combined action of barley and honey, which can significantly improve the solubility of Ganoderma lucidum. The extracts of raw Ganoderma lucidum from different origins and the extracts of processed Ganoderma lucidum were compared. The results showed that the extract indicators of the processed Ganoderma lucidum were improved by 50%, the polysaccharide content of Ganoderma lucidum was improved by 30%, and the triterpenoid and sterol content was improved by 20%.

[0058] The technical solution of this embodiment will be further illustrated by the following examples:

[0059] Example 1:

[0060] A method for preparing Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum includes the following steps:

[0061] S1. After pre-treating the unprocessed Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum, it is crushed. Specifically, after removing impurities from the fruiting body of Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum, it is washed with drinking water, soaked for 40 minutes, and then cut into small pieces of 6-8mm.

[0062] S2. Add 100kg of small pieces of Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum to 25kg of refined honey and mix well. Let it stand for 30 minutes until the refined honey is completely absorbed by the Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum. Then add 30kg of barley and stir-fry. The stir-frying process is to stir-fry over low heat for 10 minutes and then over high heat for 5 minutes. Then sift out the barley to obtain the processed Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum. The refined honey is made by adding 50% drinking water to honey and cooking it at 110℃ for 15 minutes.

[0063] In this embodiment, the amount of refined honey added is 25% of the Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum, and the amount of highland barley added is 30% of the Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum.

[0064] Before processing, the unprocessed Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum was tested for moisture, total ash, acid-insoluble ash, water-soluble extract, Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides, triterpenes, and sterols. The same methods were used to test the processed Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum for moisture, total ash, acid-insoluble ash (acid ash), water-soluble extract (extract), Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides, triterpenes, and sterols. For moisture determination, refer to Method 2 of Moisture Determination in Part IV of the 2020 Chinese Pharmacopoeia; for total ash and acid-insoluble ash, refer to Method 2302 Ash Determination in Part IV of the 2020 Chinese Pharmacopoeia; and for water-soluble extract, refer to Method 2201 Extract Determination in Part IV of the 2020 Chinese Pharmacopoeia.

[0065] The detection method for Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides is as follows:

[0066] 1) Preparation of reference solution: Take an appropriate amount of anhydrous glucose reference standard, accurately weigh it, add water to prepare a solution containing 0.12 mg per ml.

[0067] 2) Preparation of standard curve: Accurately measure 0.2 ml, 0.4 ml, 0.6 ml, 0.8 ml, 1.0 ml, and 1.2 ml of the reference solution and place them into 10 ml stoppered test tubes respectively. Add water to each tube to 2.0 ml. Quickly and accurately add 6 ml of anthrone sulfate solution (accurately weigh 0.1 g of anthrone, add 100 ml of sulfuric acid to dissolve it, and shake well). Shake well immediately and let stand for 15 minutes. Then, immediately place the tubes in an ice bath to cool for 15 minutes. Remove the tubes and use the corresponding reagents as blanks. Measure the absorbance at a wavelength of 625 nm using ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry (General Rule 0401). Plot the standard curve with absorbance as the ordinate and concentration as the abscissa.

[0068] 3) Preparation of the test solution: Weigh approximately 2g of the powder accurately and place it in a round-bottom flask. Add 60ml of water, let stand for 1 hour, heat under reflux for 4 hours, and filter while hot. Wash the filter and filter residue with a small amount of hot water. Place the filter residue and filter paper in a flask, add 60ml of water, heat under reflux for 3 hours, and filter while hot. Combine the filtrates and evaporate to dryness on a water bath. Dissolve the residue in 5ml of water, and slowly add 75ml of ethanol while stirring. Shake well and place at 4℃ for 12 hours. Centrifuge and discard the supernatant. Dissolve the precipitate in hot water and transfer it to a 50ml volumetric flask. Cool, add water to the mark, and shake well. Take an appropriate amount of the solution, centrifuge, accurately measure 3ml of the supernatant, place it in a 25ml volumetric flask, add water to the mark, and shake well.

[0069] 4) Determination method: Accurately measure 2 ml of the test solution and place it in a 10 ml stoppered test tube. Follow the method under the preparation of the standard curve, starting from "quickly and accurately add 6 ml of anthrone sulfate solution". Measure the absorbance and read the content of anhydrous glucose in the test solution from the standard curve. Calculate the result.

[0070] This product, calculated on a dried basis, contains Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides in the form of anhydrous glucose (C6H4O3). 12 The content of O6 (O6) shall not be less than 0.90%.

[0071] The detection methods for triterpenes and sterols are as follows:

[0072] 1) Preparation of reference solution: Take an appropriate amount of oleanolic acid reference standard, accurately weigh it, and add methanol to prepare a solution containing 0.2 mg per ml.

[0073] 2) Preparation of the standard curve: Accurately measure 0.1 ml, 0.2 ml, 0.3 ml, 0.4 ml, and 0.5 ml of the reference solution and place them in 15 ml stoppered test tubes respectively. Let them dry and cool. Accurately add 0.2 ml of freshly prepared vanillin-acetic acid solution (accurately weigh 0.5 g of vanillin and dissolve it in acetic acid to make 10 ml) and 0.8 ml of perchloric acid. Shake well and heat in a 70 °C water bath for 15 minutes. Immediately place the tube in an ice bath to cool for 5 minutes. Remove the tube and accurately add 4 ml of ethyl acetate. Shake well. Using the corresponding reagent as a blank, measure the absorbance at a wavelength of 546 nm using ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry (General Rule 0401). Plot the standard curve with absorbance as the ordinate and concentration as the abscissa.

[0074] 3) Preparation of the test solution: Weigh about 2g of the powder accurately and place it in a stoppered conical flask. Add 50ml of ethanol and sonicate (140W power, 42kHz frequency) for 45 minutes. Filter the solution and place the filtrate in a 100ml volumetric flask. Wash the filter and residue with an appropriate amount of ethanol several times. Combine the washings in the same volumetric flask, add ethanol to the mark, and shake well to obtain the test solution.

[0075] 4) Determination method: Accurately measure 0.2 ml of the test solution and place it in a 15 ml stoppered test tube. Follow the method under the preparation of standard curve, starting from "evaporation", and operate in the same way to measure the absorbance. Read the content of oleanolic acid in the test solution from the standard curve and calculate it.

[0076] This product, calculated on a dried basis, contains triterpenes and sterols, with oleanolic acid (C40) as the most abundant component. 30 H 48 The content of O3 (O3) shall not be less than 0.50%.

[0077] The test results of Ganoderma lucidum before processing are shown in Table 1, and the test results of Ganoderma lucidum after processing are shown in Table 2.

[0078] Table 1

[0079]

[0080]

[0081] Table 2

[0082]

[0083] Table 3 shows a comparison of the changes in the main effective substances of Ganoderma lucidum before and after processing. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown:

[0084] Table 3

[0085] Extract% Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide % Triterpenes and sterols % Before processing 12.13 Before processing 0.88 1.47 After processing 20.91 After processing 1.47 2.28 Processing Improvement Rate 72.38％ Processing Improvement Rate 67.04％ 55.10％

[0086] From Table 3 and Figure 1 and Figure 2 It can be known that:

[0087] The preparation method shown in Example 1 for processing Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum can effectively increase the content of extracts, polysaccharides, triterpenes and sterols in Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum.

[0088] The taste of Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum before and after processing was compared by tasting. Take 3g of Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum, add 150ml of boiling water, and steep for 5 minutes. After filtering, taste the liquid from the Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum.

[0089] The taste of Ganoderma lucidum before and after processing is shown in Table 4:

[0090] Table 4

[0091]

[0092] Example 2:

[0093] A method for preparing Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum includes the following steps:

[0094] S1. After pre-treating the unprocessed Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum, it is crushed. Specifically, after removing impurities from the fruiting body of Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum, it is washed with drinking water, soaked for 45 minutes, and then cut into small pieces of 6-8mm.

[0095] S2. Add 100kg of small pieces of Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum to 20kg of refined honey and mix well. Let it stand for 30 minutes until the refined honey is completely absorbed by the Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum. Then add 30kg of barley and stir-fry. The stir-frying process is to stir-fry over low heat for 10 minutes and then over high heat for 5 minutes. Then sift out the barley to obtain the processed Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum. The refined honey is made by adding 50% drinking water to honey and cooking it at 112℃ for 18 minutes.

[0096] In this embodiment, the amount of refined honey added is 20% of the Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum, and the amount of highland barley added is 30% of the Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum.

[0097] Before processing, the unprocessed Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum was tested for moisture, total ash, acid-insoluble ash, water-soluble extract, Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides, triterpenes and sterols. The same method was used to test the processed Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum for moisture, total ash, acid-insoluble ash, water-soluble extract, Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides, triterpenes and sterols. The testing methods for each indicator were the same as in Example 1.

[0098] The test results of Ganoderma lucidum before processing are shown in Table 5, and the test results of Ganoderma lucidum after processing are shown in Table 6.

[0099] Table 5

[0100]

[0101] Table 6

[0102]

[0103] Table 7 compares the changes in the main effective substances of Ganoderma lucidum before and after processing. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown:

[0104] Table 7

[0105] Extract% Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide % Triterpenes and sterols % Before processing 13.42 Before processing 1.00 1.41 After processing 20.28 After processing 1.50 2.19 Processing Improvement Rate 51.11％ Processing Improvement Rate 50.00％ 55.31％

[0106] From Table 7 and Figure 3 and Figure 4 It can be known that:

[0107] The preparation method shown in Example 2 can effectively increase the content of extracts, polysaccharides, triterpenes and sterols in Ganoderma lucidum.

[0108] The taste of Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum before and after processing was compared by tasting, and the specific method was the same as in Example 1. The Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum decoction before processing tasted very bitter with a slight mushroom aroma; the Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum decoction after processing tasted slightly sweet with a rich honey aroma.

[0109] Example 3:

[0110] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the frying time is different.

[0111] In this embodiment, the stir-frying process involves first stir-frying over low heat for 8 minutes and then stir-frying over high heat for 7 minutes.

[0112] Before processing, the unprocessed Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum was tested for moisture, total ash, acid-insoluble ash, water-soluble extract, Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides, triterpenes and sterols. The same method was used to test the processed Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum for moisture, total ash, acid-insoluble ash, water-soluble extract, Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides, triterpenes and sterols. The testing methods for each indicator were the same as in Example 1.

[0113] The test results of Ganoderma lucidum before processing are shown in Table 8, and the test results of Ganoderma lucidum after processing are shown in Table 9.

[0114] Table 8

[0115]

[0116] Table 9

[0117]

[0118] Table 10 compares the changes in the main effective substances of Ganoderma lucidum before and after processing. Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown:

[0119] Table 10

[0120] Extract% Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide % Triterpenes and sterols % Before processing 13.38 Before processing 0.73 1.64 After processing 21.64 After processing 1.08 2.41 Processing Improvement Rate 61.73％ Processing Improvement Rate 47.94％ 46.95％

[0121] From Table 10 and Figure 5 and Figure 6 It can be known that:

[0122] The method of processing Ganoderma lucidum as shown in Example 3 can effectively increase the extract, polysaccharides, triterpenes and sterols of Ganoderma lucidum. In addition, the different cooking times of simmering and roasting in this example compared with Example 1 result in a slightly different effect on the enhancement of extract, polysaccharides, triterpenes and sterols.

[0123] The taste of Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum before and after processing was compared by tasting, and the specific method was the same as in Example 1. The Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum decoction before processing tasted very bitter with a slight mushroom aroma; the Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum decoction after processing tasted slightly sweet with a rich honey aroma.

[0124] Comparative Example 1:

[0125] The difference between this embodiment and Comparative Example 1 is that the processed Ganoderma lucidum is replaced with common Ganoderma lucidum. Common Ganoderma lucidum refers to the Ganoderma lucidum listed in the 2020 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, which is the Ganoderma lucidum commonly found in the market. Its species origin is two species: Ganoderma lucidum (red Ganoderma) and Ganoderma sinense (purple Ganoderma), both belonging to the Polyporaceae family; which is different from the species origin of Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum.

[0126] Before processing, the unprocessed Ganoderma lucidum was tested for moisture, total ash, acid-insoluble ash, water-soluble extract, Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides, triterpenes and sterols. The same method was used to test the moisture, total ash, acid-insoluble ash, water-soluble extract, Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides, triterpenes and sterols of the processed Ganoderma lucidum. The testing methods for each indicator were the same as in Example 1.

[0127] The test results of ordinary Ganoderma lucidum before processing are shown in Table 11, and the test results of ordinary Ganoderma lucidum after processing are shown in Table 12.

[0128] Table 11

[0129]

[0130] Table 12

[0131]

[0132] Table 13 compares the changes in the main effective substances before and after processing of ordinary Ganoderma lucidum. Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown:

[0133] Table 13

[0134] Extract% Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides % Triterpenes and sterols % Before processing 6.91 Before processing 1.35 0.79 After processing 10 After processing 1.56 1.19 Processing Improvement Rate 44.72％ Processing Improvement Rate 15.55％ 50.64％

[0135] From Table 13 and Figure 7 and Figure 8 It can be known that:

[0136] The preparation method shown in Example 1 can also effectively improve the extract, polysaccharides, triterpenes and sterols of ordinary Ganoderma lucidum. However, the improvement effect of extract, polysaccharides, triterpenes and sterols of ordinary Ganoderma lucidum is not as good as that of extract, polysaccharides and triterpenes and sterols of Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum.

[0137] Comparative Example 2:

[0138] This comparative example is based on Example 1, but differs from Example 1 in that the amount of refined honey added is different; the amount of refined honey added is 15% of the Ganoderma lucidum.

[0139] Before processing, the unprocessed Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum was tested for moisture, total ash, acid-insoluble ash, water-soluble extract, Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides, triterpenes and sterols. The same method was used to test the processed Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum for moisture, total ash, acid-insoluble ash, water-soluble extract, Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides, triterpenes and sterols. The testing methods for each indicator were the same as in Example 1.

[0140] The test results of Ganoderma lucidum before processing are shown in Table 1, and the test results of Ganoderma lucidum after processing are shown in Table 14.

[0141] Table 14

[0142]

[0143] A comparison of the data in Table 14 and Table 2 shows that:

[0144] The preparation method shown in Comparative Example 2 for processing Ganoderma lucidum can effectively increase the extract, polysaccharides, triterpenes and sterols of Ganoderma lucidum. In addition, compared with Example 1, the amount of refined honey added in this comparative example is reduced, resulting in a slight decrease in the improvement effect of extract and polysaccharides of Ganoderma lucidum compared with Example 1.

[0145] Comparative Example 3:

[0146] This comparative example is based on Example 1, but differs from Example 1 in that the amount of refined honey added is different; the amount of refined honey added is 10% of the Ganoderma lucidum.

[0147] Before processing, the unprocessed Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum was tested for moisture, total ash, acid-insoluble ash, water-soluble extract, Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides, triterpenes and sterols. The same method was used to test the processed Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum for moisture, total ash, acid-insoluble ash, water-soluble extract, Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides, triterpenes and sterols. The testing methods for each indicator were the same as in Example 1.

[0148] The test results of Ganoderma lucidum before processing are shown in Table 1, and the test results of Ganoderma lucidum after processing are shown in Table 15.

[0149] Table 15

[0150]

[0151] A comparison of the data in Table 15 and Table 2 shows that:

[0152] The preparation method shown in Comparative Example 3 for processing Ganoderma lucidum can effectively improve the extract, polysaccharides, triterpenes, and sterols of Ganoderma lucidum. Compared with Example 1, this comparative example reduces the amount of refined honey added, resulting in a slight decrease in the improvement effect of extract and polysaccharides. At the same time, compared with Comparative Example 2, this comparative example also reduces the amount of refined honey added, resulting in a slight decrease in the improvement effect of extract and polysaccharides. That is, as the amount of refined honey added decreases, the improvement effect of extract and polysaccharides of Ganoderma lucidum also decreases.

[0153] Comparative Example 4:

[0154] This comparative example is based on Example 1, but differs from Example 1 in that the amount of refined honey added is different; the amount of refined honey added is 30% of the amount of Ganoderma lucidum.

[0155] Before processing, the unprocessed Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum was tested for moisture, total ash, acid-insoluble ash, water-soluble extract, Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides, triterpenes and sterols. The same method was used to test the processed Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum for moisture, total ash, acid-insoluble ash, water-soluble extract, Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides, triterpenes and sterols. The testing methods for each indicator were the same as in Example 1.

[0156] The test results of Ganoderma lucidum before processing are shown in Table 1, and the test results of Ganoderma lucidum after processing are shown in Table 16.

[0157] Table 16

[0158]

[0159] A comparison of the data in Table 16 and Table 1 shows that:

[0160] The preparation method shown in Comparative Example 4 can increase the extract content of Ganoderma lucidum. However, the content of polysaccharides, triterpenes and sterols in Ganoderma lucidum decreases. That is, excessive addition of honey will affect the content of polysaccharides, triterpenes and sterols in Ganoderma lucidum after processing.

[0161] Comparative Example 5:

[0162] This comparative example is based on Example 1, but differs from Example 1 in that the amount of refined honey added is different; the amount of refined honey added is 35% of the amount of Ganoderma lucidum.

[0163] Before processing, the unprocessed Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum was tested for indicators such as moisture, total ash, acid-insoluble ash, water-soluble extract, Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides, triterpenes and sterols. The processed Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum was tested for the same indicators using the same method as in Example 1.

[0164] The test results of Ganoderma lucidum before processing are shown in Table 1, and the test results of Ganoderma lucidum after processing are shown in Table 17.

[0165] Table 17

[0166]

[0167] A comparison of the data in Table 17 and Table 1 shows that:

[0168] The preparation method shown in Comparative Example 5 can increase the extract content of Ganoderma lucidum, but the content of polysaccharides, triterpenes and sterols in Ganoderma lucidum decreases.

[0169] A comparison of the data in Tables 17 and 16 shows that excessive addition of refined honey will affect the content of polysaccharides, triterpenes and sterols in Ganoderma lucidum after processing. When the amount of refined honey added increases to a certain extent, the effect of improving the extract is reduced.

[0170] Example 4:

[0171] This embodiment is based on Embodiment 2, but differs from Embodiment 2 in that the amount of barley added is different; the amount of barley added is 20% of the amount of Ganoderma lucidum.

[0172] Before processing, the unprocessed Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum was tested for moisture, total ash, acid-insoluble ash, water-soluble extract, Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides, triterpenes and sterols. The same method was used to test the processed Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum for moisture, total ash, acid-insoluble ash, water-soluble extract, Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides, triterpenes and sterols. The testing methods for each indicator were the same as in Example 1.

[0173] The test results of Ganoderma lucidum before processing are shown in Table 5, and the test results of Ganoderma lucidum after processing are shown in Table 18.

[0174] Table 18

[0175]

[0176] A comparison of the data in Table 18 and Table 5 shows that:

[0177] The preparation method shown in Example 4 can be used to process Ganoderma lucidum, which can increase the content of extract, polysaccharides, triterpenes and sterols.

[0178] A comparison of the data in Table 18 and Table 6 shows that:

[0179] Reducing the amount of highland barley reduces the content of extracts, polysaccharides, triterpenes, and sterols in Ganoderma lucidum.

[0180] The taste of Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum before and after processing was compared by tasting, and the specific method was the same as in Example 1. The Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum decoction before processing tasted very bitter with a slight mushroom aroma; the Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum decoction after processing tasted slightly sweet with a rich honey aroma.

[0181] Example 5:

[0182] This embodiment is based on Embodiment 2, but differs from Embodiment 2 in that the amount of barley added is different; the amount of barley added is 40% of that of Ganoderma lucidum.

[0183] Before processing, the unprocessed Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum was tested for moisture, total ash, acid-insoluble ash, water-soluble extract, Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides, triterpenes and sterols. The same method was used to test the processed Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum for moisture, total ash, acid-insoluble ash, water-soluble extract, Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides, triterpenes and sterols. The testing methods for each indicator were the same as in Example 1.

[0184] The test results of Ganoderma lucidum before processing are shown in Table 5, and the test results of Ganoderma lucidum after processing are shown in Table 19.

[0185] Table 19

[0186]

[0187] A comparison of the data in Table 19 and Table 5 shows that:

[0188] The preparation method shown in Example 5 for processing Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum can increase the content of extracts, polysaccharides, triterpenes and sterols in Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum.

[0189] A comparison of the data in Table 19 and Table 6 shows that:

[0190] Increasing the amount of barley reduced the content of extract, polysaccharides, triterpenes, and sterols in Ganoderma lucidum. Based on the data in Tables 6, 18, and 19, both excessive and insufficient amounts of barley can affect the content of extract, polysaccharides, triterpenes, and sterols in Ganoderma lucidum. The optimal amount of barley added is 30% of the amount of Ganoderma lucidum.

[0191] The taste of Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum before and after processing was compared by tasting, and the specific method was the same as in Example 1. The Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum decoction before processing tasted very bitter with a slight mushroom aroma; the Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum decoction after processing tasted slightly sweet with a rich honey aroma.

[0192] Comparative Example 6:

[0193] This comparative example is based on Example 3, but differs from Example 3 in that the frying time is different.

[0194] In this embodiment, the stir-frying process involves first stir-frying over low heat for 6 minutes and then stir-frying over high heat for 9 minutes.

[0195] Before processing, the unprocessed Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum was tested for moisture, total ash, acid-insoluble ash, water-soluble extract, Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides, triterpenes and sterols. The same method was used to test the processed Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum for moisture, total ash, acid-insoluble ash, water-soluble extract, Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides, triterpenes and sterols. The testing methods for each indicator were the same as in Example 1.

[0196] The test results of Ganoderma lucidum before processing are shown in Table 8, and the test results of Ganoderma lucidum after processing are shown in Table 20.

[0197] Table 20

[0198]

[0199] A comparison of the data in Table 20 and Table 9 shows that:

[0200] The Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum was prepared using the method shown in Comparative Example 6. Compared with Example 3, the simmering time was reduced and the high-heat time was increased, which resulted in a decrease in the effect of increasing the extract, polysaccharides, triterpenes and sterols of Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum.

[0201] Comparative Example 7:

[0202] This comparative example is based on Example 3, but differs from Example 3 in that the frying time is different.

[0203] In this embodiment, the stir-frying process involves first stir-frying over low heat for 12 minutes and then stir-frying over high heat for 3 minutes.

[0204] Before processing, the unprocessed Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum was tested for moisture, total ash, acid-insoluble ash, water-soluble extract, Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides, triterpenes and sterols. The same method was used to test the processed Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum for moisture, total ash, acid-insoluble ash, water-soluble extract, Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides, triterpenes and sterols. The testing methods for each indicator were the same as in Example 1.

[0205] The test results of Ganoderma lucidum before processing are shown in Table 8, and the test results of Ganoderma lucidum after processing are shown in Table 21.

[0206] Table 21

[0207]

[0208] A comparison of the data in Table 21 and Table 9 shows that:

[0209] The Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum was prepared using the method shown in Comparative Example 7. Compared with Example 3, the simmering time was increased and the high-heat time was reduced, which resulted in a decrease in the effect of increasing the extract, polysaccharides, triterpenes and sterols of Tibetan Ganoderma lucidum.

[0210] Based on the data from Tables 2, 6, 9, 20, and 21, the best results are achieved by first stir-frying over low heat for 8-10 minutes and then stir-frying over high heat for 5-7 minutes.

[0211] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing Ophiocordyceps sinensis, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: S1, pretreating and crushing the unprocessed Tibetan Ganoderma; S2, mixing the crushed Tibetan Ganoderma with refined honey, the amount of the refined honey being 20-25% of the Tibetan Ganoderma by weight, and then roasting with highland barley and screening the highland barley, the amount of the highland barley being 20-40% of the Tibetan Ganoderma by weight, to obtain processed Tibetan Ganoderma, wherein the refined honey is obtained by refining honey.

2. The preparation method of Ganoderma lucidum according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the pretreatment process comprises removing impurities, washing and moisturizing in sequence, and the crushing process is to obtain block-shaped, flaky or granular Tibetan Ganoderma.

3. The preparation method of Ganoderma lucidum according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, when the highland barley is roasted, first, the highland barley is roasted with a small fire, and then roasted with a large fire.

4. The preparation method of Ganoderma lucidum according to claim 3, characterized in that, The time for roasting with a small fire is 8-10 min, and the time for roasting with a large fire is 5-7 min.

5. The preparation method of Ganoderma lucidum according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The refined honey is obtained by boiling the honey with drinking water.

6. Tibetan Ganoderma processed by the method according to any one of claims 1-5.

7. A pharmaceutical preparation, characterized in that, The pharmaceutical product contains the Tibetan Ganoderma according to claim 6, and the pharmaceutical product comprises a combined medicine or a decoction.

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