Cone yarn distributor and its use in supercritical fluid dyeing degreasing

Abstract

This invention relates to a yarn package distributor and its application in supercritical fluid dyeing and degreasing. The yarn package distributor is divided into an upper, middle, and lower perforated zone. The middle perforated zone has evenly distributed central ventilation holes. Both the upper and lower perforated zones have a first and a second row of ventilation holes arranged circumferentially at intervals. The first row of ventilation holes in the upper zone corresponds axially to the second row in the lower zone, and vice versa. During supercritical fluid processing of yarn packages, the yarn package distributor exhibits low static pressure loss, low dynamic pressure loss, and low total pressure loss. The distributor's inner diameter is increased, and the tube wall is thinner, facilitating airflow movement from the outlet. Furthermore, the different outlet diameters cause the airflow within the yarn package distributor to rotate, effectively converting static pressure into dynamic pressure. This avoids irregular airflow movement within the distributor, contributing to uniform and efficient processing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of supercritical process equipment technology, specifically to a yarn distributor and its application in supercritical fluid dyeing and degreasing. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional dyeing processes consume large amounts of water, and the discharged wastewater contains a significant amount of dyes, surfactants, and other chemicals, causing environmental pollution. In recent years, supercritical CO2 anhydrous dyeing technology has been gradually replacing traditional dyeing methods. This technology offers advantages such as high efficiency, zero pollution, and short dyeing time, and represents the future direction of dyeing technology development.

[0003] This technology uses supercritical CO2 as the dyeing medium. The dyeing equipment typically includes a dyeing kettle, a dyeing tank, and a supercritical CO2 guide pipe connecting the dyeing kettle and the dyeing tank. The dye is placed in the dyeing kettle, and the fabric to be dyed is placed in the dyeing tank. When CO2 is heated to above 31°C and the pressure exceeds 7.3 MPa, it becomes a non-gas-liquid state—the supercritical state. A circulating pump pressurizes the supercritical CO2 into the guide pipe, causing it to circulate continuously between the dyeing tank and the dyeing tank. The dye in the dyeing tank is dissolved by the supercritical CO2 and transported with the supercritical CO2 to the pores of the fibers in the dyeing tank, allowing the dye to be applied to the fabric evenly and quickly. The entire process does not require washing or drying.

[0004] Supercritical fluids have greater permeability and diffusion properties than water, resulting in a more complex fluid distribution during textile processing. Compared to water-based dyeing processes, supercritical fluid dyeing of yarn packages is more prone to uneven fluid distribution due to the distributor structure, leading to differences in radial and axial treatment effects, which in turn affects subsequent dyeing, weaving, and knitting processes. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a yarn package distributor and its application in supercritical fluid dyeing and degreasing, so as to achieve highly uniform and efficient supercritical fluid processing of yarn packages.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] The yarn distributor has a hollow cylindrical structure and is divided into an upper hollow section, a middle hollow section, and a lower hollow section from top to bottom.

[0008] The hollowed-out area has a central ventilation hole evenly distributed; the upper and lower hollowed-out areas are each arranged with a first ventilation hole row and a second ventilation hole row at intervals along the circumference. The first ventilation hole row is formed by multiple first ventilation holes evenly spaced along the axis of the yarn distributor, and the second ventilation hole row is formed by multiple second ventilation holes evenly spaced along the axis of the yarn distributor.

[0009] The apertures D1 of the first vent, D2 of the second vent, and D3 of the central vent satisfy the following relationship: D1 > D3 > D2;

[0010] The first row of vent holes in the upper hollowed-out area and the second row of vent holes in the lower hollowed-out area correspond to each other in the axial direction of the yarn distributor.

[0011] Preferably, the inner diameter of the yarn distributor is 50mm-55mm and the wall thickness is 5mm-10mm.

[0012] Preferably, the cross-sectional shape of the first vent, the second vent, and the central vent is circular.

[0013] Preferably, the central ventilation holes are arranged in multiple rows, and multiple central ventilation holes are evenly spaced along the axial direction of the yarn distributor to form a central ventilation hole row. Each first ventilation hole row corresponds to a central ventilation hole row in the axial direction of the yarn distributor, and each second ventilation hole row corresponds to a central ventilation hole row in the axial direction of the yarn distributor.

[0014] Preferably, the inner diameter of the yarn distributor is 55mm and the outer diameter is 60mm; the diameter of the first vent hole D1 is 8mm and the number of the first vent holes is 120, with 5 first vent holes in each row; the diameter of the second vent hole D2 is 5mm and the number of the second vent holes is 144, with 6 second vent holes in each row; the diameter of the central zone vent hole D3 is 7mm and the number of the central zone vent holes is 144, with 6 central zone vent holes in one row.

[0015] Preferably, the total height of the yarn distributor is 195mm.

[0016] This invention also provides an application of a yarn bobbin distributor in supercritical fluid degreasing, wherein after the yarn is wound on the yarn bobbin distributor, the degreasing process parameters are set to perform supercritical circulation degreasing.

[0017] Preferably, the winding process parameters are: winding tension 3±0.5CN, winding angle 60°-70°; the degreasing process parameters are: temperature 55℃-65℃, pressure 16MPa-24MPa, time 40min-90min.

[0018] The present invention also provides an application of a yarn package distributor in supercritical fluid dyeing. After the yarn is wound on the yarn package distributor, it is first degreased by supercritical fluid and then dyed using supercritical cyclic dyeing with set dyeing process parameters.

[0019] Preferably, the winding process parameters are a winding tension of 3±0.5CN ​​and a winding angle of 60°-70°; the dyeing process parameters are a temperature of 110℃-130℃, a pressure of 20MPa-28MPa, and a time of 40min-120min.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] In the supercritical fluid processing of yarn packages, the static pressure loss, dynamic pressure loss, and total pressure loss of the yarn package distributor are small; the inner diameter of the distributor is increased and the pipe wall is thinned, making it easier for the airflow to move from the outlet; and the outlets with different orifice diameters cause the airflow inside the yarn package distributor to form a rotational motion, effectively converting static pressure into dynamic pressure, avoiding the irregular movement of the airflow inside the yarn package distributor, which is conducive to providing uniformity and efficiency in processing. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the yarn distributor in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a comparison chart of oil content between Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-2 of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 The velocity contour diagram of the central section of Comparative Example 2 of the present invention is shown in the figure (a. velocity; b. tangential velocity; c. radial velocity; d. axial velocity).

[0025] Figure 4 This is a velocity cloud diagram of the central section of Embodiment 1 of the present invention (a. velocity; b. tangential velocity; c. radial velocity; d. axial velocity).

[0026] Figure 5 The velocity contour diagram of the central section of Comparative Example 2 of this invention is shown in Figure 2 (a. static pressure; b. dynamic pressure; c. total pressure).

[0027] Figure 6 This is a velocity contour plot of the central section in Embodiment 1 of the present invention (a static pressure; b dynamic pressure; c total pressure). Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the above features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings for detailed explanation.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a yarn distributor on which yarn is wound for subsequent dyeing and finishing operations. It is generally used in conjunction with dyeing kettles or auxiliary agent kettles in supercritical fluid process systems.

[0031] The yarn distributor in this embodiment is a hollow cylindrical structure with an inner diameter of 55mm, an outer diameter of 60mm, and a total height of 195mm. It is divided into an upper hollow section, a middle hollow section, and a lower hollow section along the axial direction of the yarn distributor from top to bottom. There is a 6mm gap between the upper hollow section and the middle hollow section, and a 5mm gap between the lower hollow section and the middle hollow section.

[0032] In this embodiment, both the upper and lower perforated areas are circumferentially spaced with a first ventilation hole row and a second ventilation hole row. The first ventilation hole row consists of 5 first ventilation holes evenly spaced along the axial direction of the yarn distributor, and the second ventilation hole row consists of 6 second ventilation holes evenly spaced along the axial direction of the yarn distributor. The diameter D1 of the first ventilation holes is 8mm and the number of first ventilation holes is 120, with 12 rows of first ventilation holes in both the upper and lower perforated areas. The diameter D2 of the second ventilation holes is 5mm and the number of second ventilation holes is 144, with 12 rows of second ventilation holes in both the upper and lower perforated areas.

[0033] In this embodiment, the hollowed-out area is evenly distributed with central ventilation holes. The diameter D3 of the central ventilation holes is 7mm and the number of central ventilation holes is 144. The central ventilation holes are evenly distributed in 24 rows. Each row of central ventilation holes consists of 6 central ventilation holes evenly spaced along the axial direction of the yarn distributor.

[0034] In this embodiment, the apertures D1 of the first vent, D2 of the second vent, and D3 of the central vent satisfy the following relationship: D1 > D3 > D2. The cross-sectional shape of the first vent, the second vent, and the central vent are all circular.

[0035] In this embodiment, the first row of vent holes in the upper hollow area and the second row of vent holes in the lower hollow area correspond to each other in the axial direction of the yarn distributor; the second row of vent holes in the upper hollow area and the first row of vent holes in the lower hollow area correspond to each other in the axial direction of the yarn distributor; each first row of vent holes corresponds to a middle row of vent holes in the yarn distributor, and each second row of vent holes corresponds to a middle row of vent holes in the yarn distributor.

[0036] The following is an example of the application of the yarn distributor in supercritical fluid dyeing and degreasing:

[0037] The polyester yarn was loosely wound using a TY-60 precision winding machine and the yarn distributor of this embodiment. The wound yarn was then subjected to degreasing and dyeing experiments. The specific process conditions are as follows.

[0038] Winding process: winding tension 3CN, winding angle 65°, yarn weight 850g, flow rate 450kg / h.

[0039] Degreasing process: After the yarn is wound on the yarn distributor, the degreasing process parameters are set to perform supercritical circulation degreasing. The degreasing process parameters are: degreasing temperature 60℃, pressure 20MPa, time 57min, and flow rate 415kg / h.

[0040] Dyeing process: After the yarn is wound on the yarn distributor, it is first degreased by supercritical fluid and then dyed in a supercritical cycle with the dyeing process parameters set. The dyeing process parameters are: dyeing temperature 120℃, dyeing pressure 24MPa, dye dosage 0.5%, and dyeing time 60min.

[0041] Comparative Example 1

[0042] The yarn distributor of Comparative Example 1 is a hollow cylindrical structure with a total height of 195mm, an inner diameter of 45mm, and an outer diameter of 60mm. It has 600 air holes of the same size evenly distributed on its circumference, with 25 holes in each row, and the diameter of each air hole is 5mm.

[0043] The polyester yarn was loosely wound using a TY-60 precision winding machine and a comparative yarn distributor. The yarn after winding was then dyed without degreasing. The specific process conditions are as follows.

[0044] Winding process: winding tension 3CN, winding angle 65°, yarn weight 850g, flow rate 450kg / h.

[0045] Dyeing process: After the yarn is wound on the yarn distributor, the dyeing process parameters are set for supercritical cycle dyeing. The dyeing process parameters are: dyeing temperature 120℃, dyeing pressure 24MPa, dye dosage 0.5%, and dyeing time 60min.

[0046] Comparative Example 2

[0047] The yarn distributor of Comparative Example 2 is a hollow cylindrical structure with a total height of 195mm, an inner diameter of 45mm, and an outer diameter of 60mm. It has 600 air holes of the same size evenly distributed on its circumference, with 25 holes in each row, and the diameter of each air hole is 5mm.

[0048] The polyester yarn was loosely wound using a TY-60 precision winding machine and a comparative yarn distributor. The yarn after winding was then dyed without degreasing. The specific process conditions are as follows.

[0049] Winding process: winding tension 3CN, winding angle 65°, yarn weight 850g, flow rate 450kg / h.

[0050] Degreasing process: After the yarn is wound on the yarn distributor, the degreasing process parameters are set to perform supercritical circulation degreasing. The degreasing process parameters are: degreasing temperature 60℃, pressure 20MPa, time 57min, and flow rate 415kg / h.

[0051] Dyeing process: After the yarn is wound on the yarn distributor, it is first degreased by supercritical fluid and then dyed in a supercritical cycle with the dyeing process parameters set. The dyeing process parameters are: dyeing temperature 120℃, dyeing pressure 24MPa, dye dosage 0.5%, and dyeing time 60min.

[0052] 1.1 Oil content test

[0053] To analyze the effect of supercritical CO2 mass transfer on the uniformity of oil removal in polyester yarn, the yarn was evenly divided into three layers (inner, middle, and outer) according to the yarn thickness, with each layer being 1.6 cm thick. Samples were taken from each layer for subsequent performance testing.

[0054] The oil content of polyester yarn was tested according to GB / T 6504-2017 "Test Method for Oil Content of Chemical Fibers". The distillation flask was dried, cooled, and weighed at high temperature until constant weight was achieved. Two portions of yarn, each approximately 7g, were wrapped in filter paper and placed in the extraction tube of a Soxhlet extractor. The lower end was connected to the dried distillation flask. An appropriate amount of diethyl ether was injected into the Soxhlet extractor, and the extractor was heated in a water bath to remove the oil from the yarn. After reflux for 2 hours, the solvent was evaporated, and the mass of the residual oil and the mass of the treated yarn were weighed to calculate the oil content of the sample.

[0055] The oil content of the sample is calculated according to Formula 1:

[0056]

[0057] In the formula: Q is the oil content of the sample, %; m3 is the dried mass of the distillation flask after extraction, g; m1 is the dried mass of the distillation flask before extraction, g; m2 is the dried mass of the fiber after extraction, g.

[0058] The oil content of the yarn was tested according to GB / T 6504-2017. The oil content of the un-oiled yarn in Comparative Example 1 was 1.68% for the outer layer, 1.63% for the middle layer, and 1.64% for the inner layer. The oil content of the de-oiled samples was also tested, and the oil removal rate of the yarn was calculated. The test results are shown in [link to test results]. Figure 2 .

[0059] The oil removal rate of the sample is calculated according to formula 2:

[0060]

[0061] In the formula: X is the oil content of the original sample, %; Q is the oil content of the sample, %; Y is the oil removal rate of the sample, %.

[0062] Therefore, the oil content of the yarn after degreasing using Example 1 is 0.45% for the outer layer, 0.41% for the middle layer, and 0.44% for the inner layer. At this time, the oil removal rates for each layer of the yarn are 73% for the outer layer, 75% for the middle layer, and 73% for the inner layer. The oil content of the yarn after degreasing using Comparative Example 2 is 0.51% for the outer layer, 0.4% for the middle layer, and 0.36% for the inner layer. At this time, the oil removal rates for each layer of the yarn are 69% for the outer layer, 75% for the middle layer, and 78% for the inner layer. From the oil content values ​​of each layer of the yarn after degreasing using Example 1, the oil content of the yarn after degreasing using Example 1 is lower, and the oil content values ​​of each layer are closer. This indicates that when using Example 1 for degreasing, the CO2 fluid distribution allows the oil agent to penetrate the yarn better, thereby improving the oil agent content of each layer of the yarn.

[0063] 1.2 Apparent Color Gain Test

[0064] The dyed yarn was divided into three layers according to its weight: inner, middle and outer. Three pieces of cardboard were taken and the yarn was evenly wound on the cardboard. The K / S value of the yarn was tested with a Color Eye7000A computer colorimeter. Each sample was tested 4 times and the average value was taken. See Table 1.

[0065]

[0066] In the formula: K is the yarn absorption coefficient, L / (g·cm- 1 S is the yarn scattering coefficient, L / (g·cm⁻¹). 1 R is the reflectance of the yarn at the maximum absorption wavelength, %.

[0067] The K / S values ​​at the maximum dye absorption wavelength were measured at 10 random points on the dyed fabric, and the standard deviation S was calculated according to Formula 4. λ The smaller the color depth deviation value, the better the evenness of the dyeing, see Table 1.

[0068]

[0069] In the formula: λ is the maximum absorption wavelength of the dye, nm; i is the dyed fabric number; n is the number of fabrics measured.

[0070] Table 1: K / S and S of dyed fabrics of Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 of the present invention λ

[0071] Stained samples Comparative Example 1 Example 1 Comparative Example 2 K / S 4.71 5.87 5.12 <![CDATA[S λ ]]> 0.181 0.084 0.122

[0072] Table 1 shows that the K / S value of the fabric dyed using the improved tube dyeing method is slightly higher than that of the fabric dyed using the original tube dyeing method. Furthermore, when the color depth difference of the fabric is not significant, compared to the original yarn distributor structure, the fabric dyed using the improved yarn distributor exhibits a higher levelness (S) after dyeing. λ The value was 0.084, while the fabric evenness S after dyeing with the original yarn distributor was...λ The value of 0.122 indicates that the improved tube produces better dyeing evenness in supercritical CO2 dyeing compared to the original tube. This is attributed to the improved yarn distributor structure, which facilitates CO2 fluid movement, allowing it to penetrate the yarn more effectively during dyeing and ensuring uniform fluid distribution across all yarn layers. The results further validate the feasibility of the simulation.

[0073] 1.3 Colorfastness Test

[0074] This experiment mainly tested the color fastness to rubbing, color fastness to washing, and light fastness of dyed yarns. The color fastness to washing was determined according to GB / T 3921-2008 "Textiles - Tests for Color Fastness to Washing". The color fastness to rubbing was determined according to GB / T 3920-2008 "Textiles - Tests for Color Fastness to Rubbing". The color fastness to light was determined according to GB / T 8427-2019 "Textiles - Tests for Color Fastness to Artificial Light", see Table 2.

[0075] Table 2: Color fastness test of fabrics under different dyeing conditions in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-2 of the present invention

[0076]

[0077] Table 2 shows that the color fastness to rubbing (dry and wet) of the fabrics under different dyeing conditions is all at level 4-5; the color fastness to washing is also all at level 4-5; and the color fastness to light is at level 4. The test results indicate that the color fastness of these three groups of dyed polyester fabrics is all above level 4, meeting the national standard requirements.

[0078] 2.1 Establishment of the watershed model

[0079] The geometric model of the yarn distributor was created using SolidWorks software. The model was then imported into the DM module of ANSYS software for shelling to create a shell. Fluid filling was set, and the fluid model was retained.

[0080] 2.2 Grid Generation

[0081] The watershed model was imported into the Mesh module of ANSYS Workbench for mesh generation. After verification of mesh independence, an unstructured tetrahedral mesh was used for processing. A fine meshing mode was adopted, with moderate mesh transition variation, an element size of 0.18 mm, and a mesh curvature center angle of 10°. To ensure analysis accuracy, the number of boundary layers was preset to 5, and the layer height growth rate was 1.2.

[0082] The yarn bobbin distributor in Comparative Example 2 generated 441,990 meshes. The minimum orthogonal quality check score was 0.153, which is greater than 0.01, indicating good mesh quality. In contrast, the yarn bobbin distributor in Example 1 generated 401,592 meshes. The minimum orthogonal quality check score was 0.165, which is greater than 0.01, indicating good mesh quality.

[0083] 2.3 Boundary Condition Setting and Initialization

[0084] 2.3.1 Computational Model

[0085] After importing the mesh model into Fluent, first select the pressure-based solver; since the calculation is of the velocity distribution of CO2 fluid, select the steady-state solution mode; the turbulence model adopts the Reynolds stress model (RSM), the wall function adopts the standard wall function, and the other model parameters are kept at the default settings.

[0086] The transport equations for determining the components of the Reynolds stress in the Reynolds stress model are as follows:

[0087]

[0088] Where Di,j is the diffusion term, Pi,j is the pressure generation term, Gi,j is the diffusion term, Φi,j is the pressure-strain redistribution term, εi,j is the discrete term, Fi,j is the rotating system generation term, and S is the source term.

[0089] The turbulent kinetic energy equation and the turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate equation are as follows:

[0090]

[0091]

[0092] In the equation: C μ =0.09, C ε1 =1.44, C ε2 =1.92, σk=0.82; C ε3 It is a fluidity property function relative to gravity; Sk, S ε It is the source item.

[0093] 2.3.2 Define material properties

[0094] The material in the watershed computational model is defined as CO2, with constant physical properties and a density of 1.79 kg / m³. 3 The specific heat capacity at constant pressure is 840.37 J / (kg·k), and all other parameters remain at their default values.

[0095] 2.3.3 Calculate boundary conditions

[0096] Based on the literature on numerical simulation of gas phase flow fields, the boundary conditions for numerical calculation of the gas phase flow field in this model are set as follows:

[0097] (1) Quality inlet boundary: Inlet flow rate is 200, 300, 400, 500 kg / h respectively; inlet temperature is 393.15 K; turbulence intensity remains at default setting;

[0098] (2) Pressure outlet boundary: outlet pressure is 0 MPa, outlet temperature is 393.15 K; turbulence intensity remains at the default setting of 5%;

[0099] (3) Wall: The vessel wall and other boundaries are set as adiabatic, non-slip wall boundaries with a wall roughness of 0.5.

[0100] 2.3.4 Calculation Parameter Settings

[0101] The SIMPLEC algorithm was used, with the pressure gradient interpolation format being Second Order and the difference format being Second Order Upwind. The relaxation factor was kept at its default setting. The convergence criterion was set to 0.001, and the iteration step size was set to 500 steps. Calculations were performed after parameter initialization.

[0102] 2.4 Calculation Results and Analysis

[0103] Numerical calculations were performed at an inlet flow rate of 400 kg / h, an inlet temperature of 393.15 K, an outlet pressure of 0 Pa, and an outlet temperature of 393.15 K. The velocity and pressure flow field distributions were obtained as follows.

[0104] 2.4.1 Comparative Analysis of Flow Field Velocity Distribution

[0105] The velocity distribution at the center section of the yarn distributor was studied using numerical simulation. Figure 3 For the velocity contour plot of the central section in Comparative Example 2 (a. velocity; b. tangential velocity; c. radial velocity; d. axial velocity), Figure 4 The velocity cloud diagram of the central section of Example 1 is shown in Figure 1 (a. velocity; b. tangential velocity; c. radial velocity; d. axial velocity).

[0106] As shown in Figure a, compared to the yarn distributor in Comparative Example 2, the velocities at each cross-section of the yarn distributor in Example 1 are reduced. This is because the inner diameter has increased from 45mm to 55mm, resulting in a larger fluid inlet cross-section. This provides more space for the CO2 gas to enter the pipe from the lower inlet, thus reducing its velocity at the inlet. As the airflow gradually moves, it expands and is obstructed by the facing lid, further reducing its inlet velocity. The airflow then flows outwards, causing the velocities at both ends of the outlet to increase, while the velocity at the center cross-section decreases.

[0107] As can be seen from the tangential, axial, and radial velocity contour maps, the CO2 flow rate in Example 1 is still affected by the radial and tangential velocities. Figure b shows that the difference in tangential velocity between the inlet and top sections decreased from 35 m / s to 15 m / s, indicating a more uniform fluid distribution. Figure c shows that the radial velocity is symmetrically distributed along the central section. From the above analysis, it can be concluded that the airflow velocity distribution within the yarn distributor in Example 1 is more uniform, and the flow field structure is improved.

[0108] 2.4.2 Comparative Analysis of Pressure Distribution in the Flow Field

[0109] Figure 5 For the pressure contour diagram of the central section in Comparative Example 2 (a. static pressure; b. dynamic pressure; c. total pressure), Figure 6 The following are examples of velocity and pressure contour maps at the center section of Example 1 (a. static pressure; b. dynamic pressure; c. total pressure).

[0110] The pressure field distribution in Example 1 is similar to that in Comparative Example 2. The static pressure distribution is basically the same, while the dynamic pressure distribution exhibits good symmetry along the radial direction. The total pressure distribution is the superposition of the static and dynamic pressure distributions. As the airflow gradually enters the distributor from the inlet, the static pressure is effectively converted into dynamic pressure, making the total pressure distribution the same on each cross section.

[0111] 2.4.3 Comparison of Pressure Drop Studies

[0112] Under the commonly used experimental flow rate of 400 kg / h, the calculated pressure losses in Example 1 are all lower than those in Comparative Example 2 (see Table 3). This is because the inner diameter of the yarn package distributor is larger, the tube wall is thinner, and the airflow moves more easily from the outlet. Furthermore, the different outlet diameters cause the airflow within the yarn package distributor to rotate, effectively converting static pressure into dynamic pressure, thus avoiding the irregular movement of the airflow within the prototype yarn package distributor, thereby reducing various pressure losses.

[0113] Table 3: Comparison of Pressure Loss between Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 of the Invention

[0114]

[0115] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features and advantages of this invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that this invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are only illustrative of the principles of this invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to this invention without departing from the spirit and scope of this invention. All such changes and modifications fall within the scope of this invention as claimed. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. The application of a yarn distributor in supercritical fluid degreasing, characterized by: The yarn distributor has a hollow cylindrical structure and is divided into an upper hollow section, a middle hollow section, and a lower hollow section from top to bottom. The hollowed-out area has a central ventilation hole evenly distributed; the upper and lower hollowed-out areas are each arranged with a first ventilation hole row and a second ventilation hole row at intervals along the circumference. The first ventilation hole row is formed by multiple first ventilation holes evenly spaced along the axis of the yarn distributor, and the second ventilation hole row is formed by multiple second ventilation holes evenly spaced along the axis of the yarn distributor. The apertures D1 of the first vent, D2 of the second vent, and D3 of the central vent satisfy the following relationship: D1 > D3 > D2; The first row of vent holes in the upper hollow area and the second row of vent holes in the lower hollow area correspond to each other in the axial direction of the yarn distributor. After the yarn is wound on the yarn distributor, the degreasing process parameters are set to perform supercritical circulation degreasing.

2. The application of the yarn distributor according to claim 1 in supercritical fluid degreasing, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the yarn distributor is 50mm-55mm, and the wall thickness is 5mm-10mm.

3. The application of the yarn distributor according to claim 1 in supercritical fluid degreasing, characterized in that: The cross-sectional shape of the first vent, the second vent, and the central vent is circular.

4. The application of the yarn distributor according to claim 1 in supercritical fluid degreasing, characterized in that: The central ventilation holes are evenly distributed in multiple rows. Multiple central ventilation holes are evenly spaced along the axial direction of the yarn distributor to form a central ventilation hole row. Each first ventilation hole row corresponds to a central ventilation hole row in the axial direction of the yarn distributor, and each second ventilation hole row corresponds to a central ventilation hole row in the axial direction of the yarn distributor.

5. The application of the yarn distributor according to claim 4 in supercritical fluid degreasing, characterized in that: The yarn distributor has an inner diameter of 55mm and an outer diameter of 60mm; the first ventilation hole diameter D1 is 8mm and the number of first ventilation holes is 120, with 5 first ventilation holes in each row; the second ventilation hole diameter D2 is 5mm and the number of second ventilation holes is 144, with 6 second ventilation holes in each row; the central zone ventilation hole diameter D3 is 7mm and the number of central zone ventilation holes is 144, with 6 central zone ventilation holes in one row.

6. The application of the yarn distributor according to claim 5 in supercritical fluid degreasing, characterized in that: The total height of the yarn distributor is 195mm.

7. The application of the yarn distributor according to any one of claims 1 to 6 in supercritical fluid degreasing, characterized in that: The winding process parameters are: winding tension 3±0.5CN, winding angle 60°-70°; the degreasing process parameters are: temperature 55℃-65℃, pressure 16MPa-24MPa, time 40min-90min.

8. The application of a yarn distributor in supercritical fluid dyeing, characterized by: The yarn distributor has a hollow cylindrical structure and is divided into an upper hollow section, a middle hollow section, and a lower hollow section from top to bottom. The hollowed-out area has a central ventilation hole evenly distributed; the upper and lower hollowed-out areas are each arranged with a first ventilation hole row and a second ventilation hole row at intervals along the circumference. The first ventilation hole row is formed by multiple first ventilation holes evenly spaced along the axis of the yarn distributor, and the second ventilation hole row is formed by multiple second ventilation holes evenly spaced along the axis of the yarn distributor. The apertures D1 of the first vent, D2 of the second vent, and D3 of the central vent satisfy the following relationship: D1 > D3 > D2; The first row of vent holes in the upper hollow area and the second row of vent holes in the lower hollow area correspond to each other in the axial direction of the yarn distributor. After the yarn is wound on the yarn distributor, it first passes through a supercritical fluid for degreasing and then undergoes supercritical cyclic dyeing with set dyeing process parameters.

9. The application of the yarn distributor according to claim 8 in supercritical fluid dyeing, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the yarn distributor is 50mm-55mm, and the wall thickness is 5mm-10mm.

10. The application of the yarn distributor according to claim 8 in supercritical fluid dyeing, characterized in that: The cross-sectional shape of the first vent, the second vent, and the central vent is circular.

11. The application of the yarn distributor according to claim 8 in supercritical fluid dyeing, characterized in that: The central ventilation holes are evenly distributed in multiple rows. Multiple central ventilation holes are evenly spaced along the axial direction of the yarn distributor to form a central ventilation hole row. Each first ventilation hole row corresponds to a central ventilation hole row in the axial direction of the yarn distributor, and each second ventilation hole row corresponds to a central ventilation hole row in the axial direction of the yarn distributor.

12. The application of the yarn distributor according to claim 11 in supercritical fluid dyeing, characterized in that: The yarn distributor has an inner diameter of 55mm and an outer diameter of 60mm; the first ventilation hole diameter D1 is 8mm and the number of first ventilation holes is 120, with 5 first ventilation holes in each row; the second ventilation hole diameter D2 is 5mm and the number of second ventilation holes is 144, with 6 second ventilation holes in each row; the central zone ventilation hole diameter D3 is 7mm and the number of central zone ventilation holes is 144, with 6 central zone ventilation holes in one row.

13. The application of the yarn distributor according to claim 12 in supercritical fluid dyeing, characterized in that: The total height of the yarn distributor is 195mm.

14. The application of the yarn distributor according to any one of claims 8 to 13 in supercritical fluid dyeing, characterized in that: The winding process parameters are: winding tension 3±0.5CN, winding angle 60°-70°; the dyeing process parameters are: temperature 110℃-130℃, pressure 20MPa-28MPa, time 40min-120min.

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