A building block assembled pier with friction energy dissipation hinge and construction and working method thereof

Abstract

The application provides a building block assembled bridge pier with a friction energy dissipation hinge, and a construction and working method thereof. The bridge pier comprises a bearing platform, a bent cap, a plurality of pier column segments connected between the bearing platform and the bent cap, through prestressed reinforcement with one end anchored in the bearing platform and the other end anchored at the top of the bent cap, a building block type positioning structure arranged between the bearing platform and the pier column segments, between the pier column segments, and between the pier column segments and the bent cap, and a friction energy dissipation hinge arranged at the joint between the bottom pier column segment and the bearing platform and at the joint between the top pier column segment and the bent cap. The building block assembled bridge pier improves the horizontal shear bearing capacity and installation efficiency of the bridge pier through the building block type positioning structure, the through prestressed reinforcement enhances the self-resetting capacity of the bridge pier, and the novel friction energy dissipation hinge effectively guarantees the seismic performance and post-earthquake repair performance, so that the application has a good engineering application prospect.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of bridge engineering, in particular to a block assembly type pier with frictional energy dissipation hinge and its construction and working method. BACKGROUND

[0002] In recent years, the technology of fabricated concrete pier has been widely studied. Compared with the integral cast-in-situ concrete pier, the fabricated concrete pier has many advantages in the manufacturing and installation process, not only reducing the impact on the environment, but also ensuring the construction quality and safety, and thus is widely used in bridge engineering. However, during the construction process, there are usually gaps between the pier column and the cap beam and the base of the fabricated pier. It is difficult to accurately position and construct, and the construction efficiency is low. In addition, the overall performance of the fabricated pier is poor, and the seismic performance is insufficient in high intensity areas. After an earthquake, the damage is often serious, and the repair and reinforcement are complex, which requires improving the energy dissipation capacity. SUMMARY

[0003] To solve this problem, the present application proposes a block assembly type pier with frictional energy dissipation hinge and its construction and working method. The block assembly method can quickly realize the installation and positioning of the pier segment through the bottom positioning cylindrical protrusion. The prestressed steel strand is threaded through the reserved channel to connect multiple pier column segments in series, forming a firm connection and effectively enhancing the shear capacity and integrity of the pier column segment. The replaceable frictional energy dissipation hinge effectively improves the energy dissipation capacity of the pier under the action of an earthquake and the post-earthquake repair function. This new type of block assembly type fabricated pier with energy dissipation hinge not only has good technical advantages and economic benefits, but also has a simple construction method and reliable construction quality. It does not require on-site pouring of concrete, meets the development requirements of green construction, has good seismic performance, and has good development prospects in high intensity areas of bridge construction engineering.

[0004] To achieve the above technical purposes, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A block assembly type pier with frictional energy dissipation hinge, comprising:

[0006] a pile cap located at the bottom of the entire prefabricated and assembled pier;

[0007] a cap beam located at the top of the entire prefabricated and assembled pier;

[0008] a plurality of pier column segments connected between the pile cap and the cap beam; further comprising:

[0009] a full-length prestressed steel bar having one end anchored in the internal concrete of the pile cap and the other end anchored at the top of the cap beam after passing through the reserved pipe of the plurality of pier column segments and the reserved pipe of the cap beam;

[0010] Positioning structures are arranged between the bearing platform and the pier segment, between every two pier segments, and between the pier segment and the bent cap, which are used to enhance the shear resistance and seismic bearing capacity of the pier segment, and avoid displacement between different pier segments under the action of horizontal seismic force;

[0011] Friction energy dissipation hinges are arranged at the outer side of the junction between the bottommost pier segment and the bearing platform, and the outer side of the junction between the topmost pier segment and the bent cap, which rotate and rub through inner and outer friction plates to dissipate the energy generated by the earthquake on the assembled pier.

[0012] Further comprising:

[0013] A first rigid connecting plate is installed at the top center of the bearing platform, and the area of the first rigid connecting plate is larger than the bottom area of the pier segment, and is connected with the internal reinforced concrete of the bearing platform;

[0014] A second rigid connecting plate is installed at the bottom center of the bent cap, and is connected with the internal reinforced concrete of the bent cap;

[0015] The pier segment comprises a rigid upper connecting sleeve, a rigid lower connecting sleeve, and a concrete pier segment connected between the rigid upper connecting sleeve and the rigid lower connecting sleeve;

[0016] The first rigid connecting plate and the rigid lower connecting sleeve on the bottommost pier segment, the rigid upper connecting sleeve and the rigid lower connecting sleeve of adjacent pier segments, and the second rigid connecting plate and the rigid upper connecting sleeve on the topmost pier segment are respectively connected through the positioning structure;

[0017] The rigid upper connecting sleeve, the rigid lower connecting sleeve, the first rigid connecting plate, and the second rigid connecting plate are respectively provided with through holes for the through-length prestressed steel bars to pass through;

[0018] The internal part of the concrete pier segment is configured with longitudinal and transverse steel mesh, and the longitudinal steel bars and the transverse steel bars are tied at the intersection.

[0019] The positioning structure comprises a plurality of first positioning sleeve pipes arranged on the first rigid connecting plate, a plurality of second positioning sleeve pipes arranged on the top connecting plate of the rigid upper connecting sleeve, and a positioning cylindrical protrusion arranged at the bottom center of the rigid lower connecting sleeve;

[0020] When the first rigid connecting plate and the rigid lower connecting sleeve on the bottommost pier segment are connected, the central positioning cylindrical protrusion can be inserted between and tangent to a plurality of first positioning sleeve pipes;

[0021] When the adjacent pier segments are connected, the center positioning cylindrical protrusion can be inserted between and tangent to a plurality of the second positioning sleeves;

[0022] The through prestressed reinforcement can pass through the first positioning sleeve, the second positioning sleeve and the bent cap positioning sleeve from bottom to top.

[0023] The rigid lower connecting sleeve is welded by the second side connecting plate, the stiffening rib plate and the center positioning cylindrical protrusion;

[0024] When the center positioning cylindrical protrusion is inserted between a plurality of the first positioning sleeves, the positioning stiffening plate is located between the first positioning sleeves and the second side connecting plate to reinforce the first positioning sleeves;

[0025] When the center positioning cylindrical protrusion is inserted between a plurality of the second positioning sleeves, the positioning stiffening plate is located between the second positioning sleeves and the second side connecting plate to reinforce the second positioning sleeves.

[0026] The first friction energy dissipation hinge is provided outside the intersection between the pier segment at the bottom of the entire prefabricated assembled pier and the pile cap, and includes:

[0027] The first inner friction plate is welded and connected with the first rigid connecting plate at the top of the pile cap;

[0028] The first outer friction plate is welded and connected with the outer wall of the rigid lower connecting sleeve on the pier segment at the bottom of the entire prefabricated assembled pier; the circular hole of the first inner friction plate and the circular hole of the first outer friction plate are assembled and connected by a first bolt fastener;

[0029] The second friction energy dissipation hinge is provided outside the intersection between the pier segment at the top of the entire prefabricated assembled pier and the bent cap, and includes:

[0030] The second inner friction plate is fixedly connected with the second rigid connecting plate at the bottom of the bent cap;

[0031] The second outer friction plate is welded and connected with the outer wall of the rigid upper connecting sleeve on the pier segment at the top of the entire prefabricated assembled pier; the circular hole of the second inner friction plate and the circular hole of the second outer friction plate are assembled and connected by a second bolt fastener.

[0032] The first inner friction plate and the second inner friction plate are provided with a plurality of concentric circular arc protrusions, and the first outer friction plate and the second outer friction plate are provided with a plurality of concentric circular arc grooves, the circular arc protrusions and the circular arc grooves can be matched with each other, under the action of an earthquake, the first friction energy dissipation hinge and the second friction energy dissipation hinge respectively generate friction by rotating the inner and outer friction plates, thereby dissipating seismic energy and reducing the plastic damage of the pier segment.

[0033] The rigid upper connecting sleeve, the rigid lower connecting sleeve, the first rigid connecting plate, the second rigid connecting plate and the outer friction plate are all made of 304 stainless steel material, the yield strength is not less than 550 MPa, and the elongation after fracture is not less than 35%;

[0034] The material of the first inner friction plate, the first outer friction plate, the second inner friction plate and the second outer friction plate is H90 brass;

[0035] The bearing platform, the pier segment and the bent cap are all made of high-performance self-leveling concrete material, and the strength grade is not less than C40;

[0036] The material of the transverse steel bar in the concrete segment is HRB335, and the material of the longitudinal steel bar is HRB400.

[0037] The pier segment, the bearing platform and the bent cap are all preformed with a plurality of reserved pipelines for the through prestressed steel bars to pass through.

[0038] The application further discloses a construction method of the building block assembled bridge pier with the friction energy dissipation hinge.

[0039] S1: installing and positioning the bearing platform, one end of the through prestressed steel bar is anchored in the internal concrete of the bearing platform, and the other end is passed out of the positioning sleeve pipe of the bearing platform;

[0040] S2: hoisting the pier segment on the fixed bearing platform, passing the through prestressed steel bar through the reserved pipeline of the pier segment at the bottom, and positioning the bottom of the pier segment and the top of the bearing platform through the positioning structure, so that the installation of the pier segment at the bottom is completed;

[0041] S3: hoisting the middle pier segment, repeating the installation process of step S2, so that the installation of the middle segment is completed, and repeating the installation step of step S3, so that the top segment is completed;

[0042] S4: installing the bent cap on the upper part of the pier segment at the top, passing the vertical through prestressed steel bar through the reserved pipeline of the bent cap, anchoring the through prestressed steel bar to the top of the bent cap, tensioning the through prestressed steel bar through the tensioning equipment, and then fixing the through prestressed steel bar to the top surface of the bent cap through the anchoring steel plate and the single-hole anchor;

[0043] S5: uniformly and symmetrically arranging four friction energy dissipation hinges at the junction between the pier segment at the bottom and the bearing platform and taking the bridge pier axis as the center, and repeating the same step to complete the installation of the friction energy dissipation hinges between the bent cap and the upper pier segment;

[0044] S6: after the overall verticality of the bridge pier meets the requirements, the precast and assembled components of the bridge pier are completed.

[0045] The application further discloses a working method of the building block assembled bridge pier with the friction energy dissipation hinge.

[0046] The prestressed steel strand is reserved to penetrate through the multiple pier column segments in series, thereby forming firm connection to enhance the shear capacity and integrity of the pier column segments.

[0047] The friction energy dissipation hinge is assembled at a position with large deformation of the bent cap and the bearing platform, and rotates and rubs through the inner and outer friction plates to dissipate the energy generated by the earthquake on the bridge pier and prevent or reduce the crack damage of the bridge pier column segment.

[0048] The friction energy dissipation hinge is assembled through the bolt fastener, the pre-tightening force between the friction plates is adjusted by changing the position between the bolt and the nut, and the friction energy dissipation effect is adjustable.

[0049] The damaged friction plate can be replaced in time after the earthquake, and the seismic capacity of the bridge pier is restored or enhanced.

[0050] Beneficial effects:

[0051] (1) The prefabricated pier column segment connection mode is safe and reliable, and the support installation is saved. The novel building block positioning structure assembled bridge pier connection method is characterized by the construction characteristics of the building block assembly, realizes fast and stable assembly, and does not need to set up supports to keep the pier column stable after each segment is assembled, has the advantages of self-stability, saves the cost of setting up supports compared with other assembled segment assembly methods, and improves the construction efficiency.

[0052] (2) The prefabricated pier column segment connection mode has strong seismic performance. In high-intensity areas, the bridge pier is required to dissipate a large amount of seismic energy, and the energy dissipation capacity of the current assembled bridge pier segment connection mode is relatively insufficient compared with the integral cast-in-place bridge pier. The friction energy dissipation hinge of the application is assembled at a position with large deformation of the bent cap and the bearing platform of the bridge pier, can rotate and rub through the inner and outer friction plates to dissipate the energy generated by the earthquake on the bridge pier, prevent or reduce the crack damage of the bridge pier column segment, and can replace the damaged friction plate in time after the earthquake to restore or enhance the seismic capacity of the bridge pier, thereby having good application prospect for the post-earthquake repair and reinforcement of the bridge pier.

[0053] (3) The prefabricated pier column segment connection method of the application has strong shear resistance, good self-resetting capacity and small seismic residual displacement. The tangent fixing position of the building block type assembly method is realized through the positioning sleeve of the rigid upper connecting sleeve and the center positioning cylindrical protrusion of the rigid lower connecting sleeve. The shear resistance between segments can be enhanced in the horizontal direction, and the misalignment between the concrete segments can be prevented. The longitudinal overall performance of the bridge pier and the rocking capacity during the earthquake process are improved through the through-length prestressed steel bars, the self-resetting function of the fabricated bridge pier is realized, and the post-earthquake repairable performance is enhanced.

[0054] (4) The bridge pier column of the application has good durability. The segment rigid upper and lower connecting sleeves and the friction energy dissipation hinge device are all made of stainless steel materials, which can improve the durability of the bridge pier. At the same time, since the upper and lower ends of the pier column segment are protected by the rigid connecting sleeves, the corner of the pier column will not be broken during transportation and hoisting, and the appearance and reliability of the bridge pier are improved.

[0055] The building block assembly type bridge pier with a friction energy dissipation hinge, construction and working method thereof, has the performance advantage of building block type rapid assembly. The energy dissipation capacity of the bridge pier under the action of the earthquake is improved through the friction energy dissipation hinge device, the self-resetting capacity of the bridge pier is realized through the through-length prestressed steel bar system, the durability of the fabricated pier column is effectively guaranteed by the stainless steel connecting sleeve, the construction equipment is simple, the construction efficiency is high, the economy is good, and the application prospect in the field of fabricated bridge prefabrication and assembly technology is good. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0056] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a building block assembly type bridge pier with a friction energy dissipation hinge.

[0057] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the connecting structure of the fabricated bridge pier pile cap.

[0058] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the upper end surface structure of the prefabricated pier column segment.

[0059] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the lower end surface structure of the prefabricated pier column segment.

[0060] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the upper end surface of the rigid upper connecting sleeve.

[0061] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the lower end surface of the rigid upper connecting sleeve.

[0062] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the upper end surface of the rigid lower connecting sleeve.

[0063] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the lower end surface of the rigid lower connecting sleeve.

[0064] Figure 9 schematic diagram of the upper end surface of the concrete segment of the present application;

[0065] Figure 10 schematic diagram of the internal longitudinal and horizontal steel mesh arrangement of the concrete segment of the present application;

[0066] Figure 11 top view of the upper surface of the concrete segment of the present application;

[0067] Figure 12 schematic diagram of the replaceable friction energy dissipation hinge of the present application;

[0068] Figure 13 schematic diagram of the internal friction plate of the friction energy dissipation hinge of the present application;

[0069] Figure 14 schematic diagram of the external friction plate of the friction energy dissipation hinge of the present application;

[0070] Figure 15 schematic diagram of the prefabricated pier cap beam structure of the present application;

[0071] Figure 16 schematic diagram of the prefabricated pier longitudinal prestressed steel system of the present application;

[0072] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS: 1-pile cap; 101-first rigid connecting plate; 102-first positioning sleeve; 2-friction energy dissipation hinge; 3-pier segment; 4-cap beam; 401-second rigid connecting plate; 402-positioning pipeline; 5-longitudinal prestressed steel system; 501-anchoring steel plate; 502-single-hole anchorage device; 503-longitudinal prestressed steel; 6-positioning structure; 7-rigid upper connecting sleeve; 701-first side connecting plate; 702-first top connecting plate; 703-second positioning sleeve; 8-rigid lower connecting sleeve; 801-second side connecting plate; 802-stiffening rib plate; 803-central positioning cylindrical protrusion; 9-concrete pier segment; 901-transverse steel; 902-longitudinal steel; 10-prefabricated pipeline; 11-bolt fastener; 12-inner friction plate; 1201-circular arc protrusion; 1202-bolt hole; 13-outer friction plate; 1301-circular arc groove; 1302-bolt hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0073] Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar components are denoted by the same or similar reference numerals throughout. The embodiments described by reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application.

[0074] An embodiment of the present application is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. A block assembly type bridge pier with a friction energy dissipation hinge and its construction and working method are provided. The specific implementation method is as follows:

[0075] As shown in the drawings, Figure 1 in the embodiment, the block assembly type bridge pier with a friction energy dissipation hinge and its construction and working method comprise a bearing platform 1, a friction energy dissipation hinge 2, a pier column segment 3, a bent cap 4, and a full-length prestressed reinforcement 503. The full-length prestressed reinforcement 503 is sequentially threaded through the bearing platform 1, the pier column segment 3, and the bent cap 4 from bottom to top, and a whole is formed by tensioning the prestressed longitudinal direction. The bottom of the full-length prestressed reinforcement system 503 is anchored in the bearing platform, and the top is anchored in the top surface of the bent cap. The prestress provides horizontal restoring force for the bridge pier, ensures the self-recovery ability of the bridge pier after an earthquake, and reduces residual displacement.

[0076] As shown in the drawings, Figure 2 in the embodiment, the bearing platform 1 is located at the bottom of the entire prefabricated assembled bridge pier, and is made of high-performance concrete material. A first rigid connecting plate 101 is installed at the center of the bearing platform 1, and four first positioning sleeves 102 are symmetrically welded at the center of the first rigid connecting plate 101.

[0077] As shown in the drawings, Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 in the embodiment, the rigid upper connecting sleeve 7 is welded by a first side connecting plate 701 and a first top connecting plate 702. The first top connecting plate 702 has four through holes with equal size and a diameter not less than 20 mm.

[0078] The rigid lower connecting sleeve 8 is welded by a second side connecting plate 801, a stiffening rib plate 802, and a center positioning cylindrical protrusion 803.

[0079] As shown in the drawings, Figure 9 , Figure 10 , and Figure 11 in the embodiment, the pier column segment 3 is composed of the rigid upper connecting sleeve 7, the rigid lower connecting sleeve 8, and a concrete pier column segment 9. Four friction energy dissipation hinges 2 are installed between the pier column segment 3 and the bent cap 4, and between the pier column segment 3 and the bearing platform 1. The friction energy dissipation hinges 2 are symmetrically arranged on the side surface of the pier column segment 3.

[0080] As shown in the drawings, Figure 12 , Figure 13 , and Figure 14 in the embodiment, the friction energy dissipation hinge 2 is composed of an inner friction plate 12, an outer friction plate 13, and a bolt fastener 11. The outer friction plate 13 is made of stainless steel, and three concentric circular groove 1301 are machined on the fan-shaped metal sheet to cooperate with the circular protrusion 1201 of the inner friction plate 12 to increase the friction.

[0081] As Figure 15 shown in the embodiment, the cap beam 4 is located at the top of the entire prefabricated assembled pier, the cap beam center is reserved with 4 symmetrically arranged reserved pipes 402, the longitudinal prestressed steel bars 503 are passed through the cap beam hole 402 and fixed on the anchoring steel plate 501 through the single-hole anchor 502.

[0082] As Figure 16 shown in the embodiment, the longitudinal prestressed steel bar system 5 is composed of 4 longitudinal prestressed steel bars 503, 2 upper and lower anchoring steel plates 501 and 8 single-hole anchors 502;

[0083] The construction method of the building block assembled pier with friction energy dissipation hinges comprises the following construction steps:

[0084] S1: install the bearing platform 1, one end of the longitudinal prestressed steel bar 503 is anchored in the internal concrete of the bearing platform 1, and the other end is passed through the first positioning sleeve 102 of the bearing platform 1;

[0085] S2: hoist the pier column segment 3 on the fixed bearing platform 1, pass the longitudinal prestressed steel bar 503 through the reserved pipe 10 of the pier column segment 3 located at the bottom, and align and position the pier column segment 3 at the bottom and the top of the bearing platform 1 through the positioning structure 6, at this time, the installation of the pier column segment 3 located at the bottom is completed;

[0086] S3: hoist the middle pier column segment 3, repeat the installation process of step S2, at this time, the middle segment is installed, and the installation step of step S3 is repeated, and the top segment is completed;

[0087] S4: install the cap beam 4 on the upper part of the pier column segment 3 located at the top, pass the vertical longitudinal prestressed steel bar 503 through the reserved pipe of the cap beam 4, stretch out to the top of the cap beam 4 for anchoring, tension the longitudinal prestressed steel bar 503 through the tensioning equipment, and then fix the anchoring steel plate 501 and the single-hole anchor 502 on the top surface of the cap beam 4;

[0088] S5: uniformly and symmetrically arrange 4 friction energy dissipation hinges 2 at the junction of the pier column segment 3 located at the bottom and the bearing platform 1 with the bridge pier axis as the center, and repeat the same step to complete the installation of the friction energy dissipation hinge 2 between the cap beam 4 and the upper pier column segment 3;

[0089] S6: after the overall verticality of the pier meets the requirements, the assembly of the prefabricated assembled pier is completed.

[0090] The working method of the building block assembled pier with friction energy dissipation hinges disclosed by the application realizes the installation and positioning of the pier segment quickly by using the positioning structure;

[0091] The prestressed steel strand is reserved through the pipeline to penetrate the multiple pier column segments in series, a firm connection is formed to enhance the shear capacity and integrity of the pier column segments;

[0092] The friction energy dissipation hinge is assembled at the position of large deformation of the bent cap and the bearing platform swing opening, rotates and rubs through the inner and outer friction plates, consumes the energy generated by the earthquake to the bridge pier, and prevents or reduces the crack damage of the bridge pier segment;

[0093] The friction energy dissipation hinge is assembled together through the bolt fastener, the pre-tightening force between the friction plates is adjusted by changing the position between the bolt and the nut, and the friction energy dissipation effect is adjustable;

[0094] The damaged friction plate can be replaced in time after the earthquake, and the anti-seismic capacity of the bridge pier is restored or enhanced.

[0095] Finally, it is pointed out that, wherein, the drawings are only used for example, the representation is only a schematic diagram, and not a physical diagram, and cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application; in order to better illustrate the embodiments of the present application, some components of the drawings will be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of the actual product; for those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some common structures and their descriptions in the drawings can be omitted, the above preferred embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application and not limit, although the above preferred embodiments and the present application are described in detail, but those skilled in the art should understand that various changes can be made in form and detail without departing from the scope defined by the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A building block assembled bridge pier with frictional energy dissipation hinge, comprising: a bearing platform (1) at the bottom of the entire prefabricated assembled bridge pier; a cap beam (4) at the top of the entire prefabricated assembled bridge pier; a plurality of pier column segments (3) connected between the bearing platform (1) and the cap beam (4); characterized in that further comprising: a full-length prestressed steel bar (503) with one end anchored in the internal concrete of the bearing platform (1) and the other end anchored at the top of the cap beam (4) after passing through the pipes reserved in the plurality of pier column segments (3) and the pipe reserved in the cap beam (4); a positioning structure (6) arranged between the bearing platform (1) and the pier column segment (3), between every two pier column segments (3), and between the pier column segment (3) and the cap beam (4), the positioning structure (6) is used to enhance the shear resistance and seismic bearing capacity of the pier column segment (3) and avoid the displacement of different pier column segments (3) under the action of horizontal seismic force; a frictional energy dissipation hinge (2) arranged outside the junction of the bottommost pier column segment (3) and the bearing platform (1) and outside the junction of the topmost pier column segment (3) and the cap beam (4), the frictional energy dissipation hinge (2) rotates and frictions through inner and outer friction plates to dissipate the energy generated by the earthquake on the assembled bridge pier; further comprising: a first rigid connecting plate (101) installed at the center of the top of the bearing platform (1), the area of the first rigid connecting plate (101) is greater than the bottom area of the pier column segment (3) and is connected with the internal reinforced concrete of the bearing platform (1); a second rigid connecting plate (401) installed at the center of the bottom of the cap beam (4) and connected with the internal reinforced concrete of the cap beam (4); the pier column segment (3) comprises a rigid upper connecting sleeve (7), a rigid lower connecting sleeve (8), and a concrete pier column segment (9) connected between the rigid upper connecting sleeve (7) and the rigid lower connecting sleeve (8); the first rigid connecting plate (101) and the rigid lower connecting sleeve (8) on the bottommost pier column segment, the rigid upper connecting sleeve (7) and the rigid lower connecting sleeve (8) of adjacent pier column segments (3), and the second rigid connecting plate (401) and the rigid upper connecting sleeve (7) on the topmost pier column segment are connected through the positioning structure (6) respectively; the rigid upper connecting sleeve (7), the rigid lower connecting sleeve (8), the first rigid connecting plate (101), and the second rigid connecting plate (401) are respectively provided with through holes for the full-length prestressed steel bar (503) to pass through; the internal concrete pier column segment (9) is configured with longitudinal and transverse steel bars, wherein the longitudinal steel bars (902) and the transverse steel bars (901) are tied at the intersection; the positioning structure (6) comprises: a plurality of first positioning sleeve pipes (102) arranged on the first rigid connecting plate (101), a plurality of second positioning sleeve pipes (703) arranged on the top connecting plate (702) of the rigid upper connecting sleeve (7), and a positioning cylindrical protrusion (803) arranged at the center of the bottom of the rigid lower connecting sleeve (8). The center positioning cylindrical protrusion (803) can be inserted between and tangent to a plurality of the first positioning sleeves (102) when the first rigid connecting plate (101) is connected with the rigid lower connecting sleeve (8) on the bottommost pier segment; The center positioning cylindrical protrusion (803) can be inserted between and tangent to a plurality of the second positioning sleeves (703) when the adjacent pier segments (3) are connected; The through-length prestressed steel bars (503) can pass through the first positioning sleeves (102), the second positioning sleeves (703) and the bent cap positioning sleeves (402) in turn from bottom to top; A first friction energy dissipation hinge (2) is arranged outside the intersection between the bottommost pier segment (3) of the entire prefabricated assembled pier and the pile cap (1), and includes a first inner friction plate welded with the first rigid connecting plate (101) on the top of the pile cap (1); A first outer friction plate is welded with the outer wall (801) of the rigid lower connecting sleeve (8) on the bottommost pier segment (3) of the entire prefabricated assembled pier; the circular holes of the first inner friction plate and the first outer friction plate are connected by a first bolt fastener; A second friction energy dissipation hinge (2) is arranged outside the intersection between the topmost pier segment (3) of the entire prefabricated assembled pier and the bent cap (4), and includes a second inner friction plate fixedly connected with the second rigid connecting plate (401) on the bottom of the bent cap (4); A second outer friction plate is welded with the outer wall of the rigid upper connecting sleeve on the topmost pier segment (3) of the entire prefabricated assembled pier; the circular holes of the second inner friction plate and the second outer friction plate are connected by a second bolt fastener; the seismic capacity of the pier can be restored or enhanced by timely replacing the damaged friction plate after an earthquake; The second positioning sleeve of the rigid upper connecting sleeve and the positioning cylindrical protrusion of the rigid lower connecting sleeve are tangentially fixed, which can enhance the intersegmental shear bearing capacity in the horizontal direction, prevent dislocation between the concrete segments, improve the longitudinal overall performance and the rocking capacity during an earthquake through the through-length prestressed steel bars in the vertical direction, realize the self-resetting function of the fabricated pier, and enhance the post-seismic repairable performance; The first inner friction plate and the second inner friction plate are provided with a plurality of concentric circular-arc protrusions (1201) on the side surfaces, the first outer friction plate and the second outer friction plate are provided with a plurality of concentric circular-arc grooves (1301) on the side surfaces, the circular-arc protrusions (1201) and the circular-arc grooves (1301) can be matched with each other, the first friction energy dissipation hinge and the second friction energy dissipation hinge respectively generate friction by the mutual rotation of the inner and outer friction plates under the action of an earthquake, consume seismic energy, and reduce the plastic damage of cracks in the pier segment (3).

2. A lego-style bridge pier with frictional energy dissipation hinge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rigid lower connecting sleeve (8) is welded by a second side connecting plate (801), a stiffening rib plate (802) and the center positioning cylindrical protrusion (803). When the center positioning cylindrical protrusion (803) is inserted between a plurality of the first positioning sleeves (102), the positioning stiffening plate (802) is positioned between the first positioning sleeve (102) and the second side connecting plate (801), reinforcing a plurality of the first positioning sleeve (102); When the center positioning cylindrical protrusion (803) is inserted between a plurality of the second positioning sleeves (703), the positioning stiffening plate (802) is positioned between the second positioning sleeve (703) and the second side connecting plate (801), reinforcing a plurality of the second positioning sleeve (703).

3. A lego-style bridge pier with frictional energy dissipation hinge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rigid upper connecting sleeve (7), the rigid lower connecting sleeve (8), the first rigid connecting plate (101), the second rigid connecting plate (401), and the outer friction plate (15) are all made of 304 stainless steel material, with a yield strength not less than 550 MPa and an elongation after fracture not less than 35%; The materials of the first inner friction plate, the first outer friction plate, the second inner friction plate, and the second outer friction plate are all H90 brass; The bearing platform (1), the pier column segment (3), and the bent cap (4) are all made of high-performance self-leveling concrete material, with a strength grade not less than C40; The material of the transverse steel bar (901) in the concrete segment (9) is HRB335, and the material of the longitudinal steel bar (902) is HRB400.

4. The lego-style bridge pier with frictional energy dissipation hinge according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of reserved pipelines (10) for the through-length prestressed steel bars (503) are reserved in the middle of the pier column segment (3), the bearing platform (1), and the bent cap (4).

5. The construction method of a building block assembled bridge pier with friction energy dissipation hinge according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: S1: installing and positioning the bearing platform (1), with one end of the through-length prestressed steel bar (503) anchored in the internal concrete of the bearing platform (1) and the other end passing through the positioning sleeve (102) of the bearing platform (1); S2: hoisting the pier column segment (3) on the fixed bearing platform (1), passing the through-length prestressed steel bar (503) through the reserved pipeline (10) of the bottommost pier column segment (3), and aligning and positioning the bottom of the pier column segment (3) and the top of the bearing platform (1) through the positioning structure (6), at this time, the bottommost pier column segment (3) is installed; S3: hoisting the middle pier column segment (3) and repeating the installation process of step S2, at this time, the middle segment is installed, and the installation step of step S3 is repeated, and the top segment is completed; S4: installing the bent cap (4) on the top of the bottommost pier column segment (3), passing the vertical through-length prestressed steel bar (503) through the reserved pipeline of the bent cap (4), and anchoring it to the top of the bent cap (4), then tensioning the through-length prestressed steel bar (503) through the tensioning equipment, and then fixing it to the top surface of the bent cap (4) using the anchoring steel plate (501) and the single-hole anchorage device (502); S5: uniformly and symmetrically arranging four friction energy dissipation hinges (2) at the junction of the bottommost pier column segment (3) and the bearing platform (1) with the bridge pier axis as the center, and repeating the same steps to complete the installation of the friction energy dissipation hinges (2) between the bent cap (4) and the upper pier column segment (3); S6: after the overall verticality of the bridge pier meets the requirements, the prefabricated and assembled components of the bridge pier are completed.

6. A method of working a block assembled pier with frictional energy dissipation hinges according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The positioning structure (6) is used for quickly realizing installation and positioning of the pier segment (3); Through the reserved pipeline (10), the prestressed steel strand (503) is connected with the multiple pier column segments (3) in series, a firm connection is formed, and the shear capacity and integrity of the pier column segments are enhanced; The friction energy dissipation hinge (2) is assembled at a position where the bent cap (4) and the bearing platform (1) swing, open and deform greatly, rotates and rubs through inner and outer friction plates, consumes the energy generated by the bridge pier under the earthquake, and prevents or reduces the cracking damage of the pier column segment of the bridge; The friction energy dissipation hinge (2) is assembled through the bolt fastener (11), the pre-tightening force between the friction plates is adjusted by changing the position between the bolt and the nut, the friction energy dissipation effect is adjustable, the damaged friction plate can be replaced in time after the earthquake, and the anti-seismic capacity of the bridge pier is restored or enhanced.

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