A choke structure, a choke piston and a phase shifter loaded with a horizontal and vertical trapezoidal groove structure

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of microwave devices, and discloses a choke structure, a choke piston and a phase shifter loaded with a horizontal and vertical trapezoidal groove structure, wherein the choke structure includes a metal plate, the top wall of the metal plate is provided with a plurality of first longitudinal grooves and a plurality of second longitudinal grooves, and the left side wall of the metal plate is provided with a first transverse groove and a second transverse groove. The choke structure disclosed in the present application is not limited by the size of a quarter wavelength, and can significantly reduce the volume and mass of the choke piston, and obviously has more miniaturized and lightweight structural advantages. Secondly, the choke structure disclosed in the present application has a good choking effect for electromagnetic waves of different transmission modes in the application scenario of over-molding, and has a wider applicability. In addition, the choke structure disclosed in the present application eliminates the flat plate gap based on the structural characteristics, and can effectively avoid the generation of standing waves between the gaps by loading the horizontal and vertical staggered trapezoidal groove structure, thereby achieving the purpose of effectively suppressing the occurrence of gap resonance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of microwave devices, and in particular to a choke structure, a choke piston and a phase shifter loaded with a horizontal and vertical trapezoidal groove structure. Background Art

[0002] The contents of this section merely provide background information related to the present application and may not constitute prior art.

[0003] Microwave devices such as waveguide conversion joints and mechanical phase shifters need to realize their functions through the mechanical activities of the internal structure. However, in order to ensure the normal transmission of the machine, there will always be holes and slits in the design process, which has become a key factor restricting the performance of microwave devices: microwaves will leak through the holes and slits. On the one hand, this will lead to the deterioration of the performance of microwave devices such as transmission efficiency; on the other hand, the leaked electromagnetic waves may produce electromagnetic coupling, and even form electromagnetic resonance at certain working frequencies, greatly increasing the reflection loss of microwave devices. Especially in the application scenarios of high-power microwaves, microwaves will be coupled to the drive and transmission modules at the lower end of the mechanical components through such hole and slit structures. The drive and transmission modules contain drive motors, sensors, and control circuits. The leaked high-power microwaves will cause serious electromagnetic interference, causing irreversible damage or even direct damage to them.

[0004] Therefore, microwave devices need to be designed with special electromagnetic protection structures to suppress microwave leakage. However, a single protection structure may increase the volume and overall weight of the microwave device. In order to better suit high-power microwave application scenarios, a choke structure needs to be loaded on the piston to meet the phase modulation requirements while providing good protection.

[0005] At present, most of the widely used choke structures are designed based on the principle of quarter-wavelength impedance transformation [1], [2]. This type of choke structure meets the characteristics of non-contact and has been proven to effectively suppress microwave leakage. However, they still have some shortcomings: on the one hand, when there are microwaves with multiple propagation modes in the microwave device, the choke effect of this type of choke structure will be significantly weakened, or even lose the choke effect; on the other hand, although this type of choke structure meets the characteristics of integration, it is still limited by the impedance segment of a quarter wavelength, and the large size is not conducive to miniaturization and lightweight design; more seriously, this type of choke structure cannot suppress gap resonance: in high-power application scenarios, when the operating frequency is close to the resonant frequency, violent resonance will occur, resulting in a series of problems such as increased loss, electromagnetic crosstalk, and device breakdown.

[0006] The references mentioned in the above article are as follows:

[0007] [1] Zhang Qiang, Zhao Xuhao, Yuan Chengwei, Yu Longzhou, Sun Yunfei. A rectangular waveguide narrow-edge bridge phase shifter[P]. Hunan Province: CN109994802B, 2021-06-25.

[0008] [2]CHOI JH,KIM YH.A High-Power Waveguide Phase Shifter WithPeriodic RF Chokes for Subgigawatt Nanopulse Transmission[J].IEEETransactions on Plasma Science,2016,44(10):2307-13. Summary of the invention

[0009] In order to solve the problems of the known choke structure based on quarter-wavelength design, such as large volume and mass, inability to ensure the choke effect in multi-mode microwave application scenarios, and inability to avoid the gap resonance introduced by the choke structure itself, the present application provides a choke structure loaded with a horizontal and vertical trapezoidal slot structure. At the same time, the present application also provides a choke piston using the choke structure, and a phase shifter using the choke piston.

[0010] The purpose of this application is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0011] In a first aspect, the present application discloses a choke structure loaded with a horizontal and vertical trapezoidal slot structure, comprising a substantially rectangular metal plate, wherein the length of the metal plate is a, the width is b, and the height is t;

[0012] The top wall of the metal plate is provided with a plurality of first longitudinal grooves and a plurality of second longitudinal grooves, and the plurality of first longitudinal grooves and the plurality of second longitudinal grooves are alternately arranged in sequence along the length direction of the metal plate;

[0013] The cross-sections of the first longitudinal groove and the second longitudinal groove are both trapezoidal, and both penetrate the metal plate along the height direction of the metal plate; the side where the upper bottom of the first longitudinal groove is located penetrates the front side wall of the metal plate, and the side where the upper bottom of the second longitudinal groove is located penetrates the rear side wall of the metal plate;

[0014] The left side wall of the metal plate is provided with at least one first transverse groove and at least one second transverse groove;

[0015] The longitudinal sections of the first transverse groove and the second transverse groove are both trapezoidal, and both penetrate the metal plate along the length direction of the metal plate; the side where the upper bottom of the first transverse groove is located penetrates the rear side wall of the metal plate, and the side where the upper bottom of the second transverse groove is located penetrates the front side wall of the metal plate.

[0016] In some possible embodiments, the cross-sectional shapes of the first longitudinal groove and the second longitudinal groove are the same, and the dimension parameters of the trapezoidal cross-sections of the two grooves are: the upper base is v, the lower base is u, and the height is d;

[0017] The arrangement spacing between two adjacent first longitudinal grooves and between two adjacent second longitudinal grooves is p, the arrangement spacing between adjacent first longitudinal grooves and second longitudinal grooves is p / 2, and: u<p.

[0018] In some possible embodiments, the plurality of first longitudinal grooves include an initial first longitudinal groove adjacent to a left side wall of the metal plate, and a terminal first longitudinal groove adjacent to a right side wall of the metal plate;

[0019] The initial first longitudinal groove and the terminal first longitudinal groove are both halves of the complete first longitudinal groove, and the two can together constitute the complete first longitudinal groove.

[0020] In some possible embodiments, the cross-sectional shapes of the first transverse groove and the second transverse groove are the same, and the two are symmetrically arranged.

[0021] In some possible embodiments, the size parameters of the trapezoidal cross-sections of the first transverse groove and the second transverse groove are: upper base is v0, lower base is u0, height is d0; and: d0<b / 2.

[0022] In some possible embodiments, there are a plurality of the first transverse grooves and a plurality of the second transverse grooves, and the plurality of the first transverse grooves and the plurality of the second transverse grooves are arranged in sequence along the height direction of the metal plate;

[0023] The arrangement spacing between two adjacent first transverse grooves and between two adjacent second transverse grooves is p0, and u0<p0.

[0024] In some possible embodiments, along the height direction of the metal plate from top to bottom, the distance between the upper end point of the initial upper bottom of the first transverse groove and the top wall of the metal plate, and the distance between the upper end point of the initial upper bottom of the second transverse groove and the top wall of the metal plate are both h, and: h = (p0-v0) / 2.

[0025] In a second aspect, the present application discloses a choke piston, including a support plate and a choke structure of a loading transverse and longitudinal trapezoidal groove structure as described above;

[0026] The bottom wall of the metal plate is connected to the support plate, and the support plate is configured to be able to perform reciprocating linear motion along the height direction of the metal plate.

[0027] In a third aspect, the present application discloses a phase shifter, comprising a cavity and a choke piston as described above;

[0028] The cavity defines a transmission channel and a movable channel connected to the transmission channel; the axis of the movable channel is perpendicular to the axis of the transmission channel;

[0029] The metal plate and the support plate are both arranged in the movable channel, and the top wall of the metal plate faces the connecting point between the movable channel and the transmission channel.

[0030] In some possible embodiments, a gap is reserved between the circumferential side wall of the support plate and the inner wall of the movable channel, and between the circumferential side wall of the metal plate and the inner wall of the movable channel.

[0031] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present application has at least the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0032] 1. The choke structure disclosed in the present application adopts double-sided staggered horizontal and vertical trapezoidal grooves, and the choke structure is loaded on the piston with the advantage of high integration. More importantly, the choke structure disclosed in the present application is not limited by the size of a quarter wavelength, and it mainly relies on the impedance mutation generated by the horizontal and vertical trapezoidal groove structure to suppress the transmission of microwaves. Compared with the known choke structure based on a quarter wavelength design, the choke structure disclosed in the present application can significantly reduce the volume and mass of the choke piston, and obviously has more miniaturization and lightweight structural advantages.

[0033] 2. The choke structure disclosed in the present application has a good choking effect on electromagnetic waves of different transmission modes in the over-molding application scenario, and has a wider applicability.

[0034] 3. The choke structure disclosed in the present application eliminates the flat plate gaps based on its structural characteristics, and can effectively avoid the generation of standing waves between the gaps by loading a horizontally and vertically staggered trapezoidal slot structure, thereby achieving the purpose of effectively suppressing the occurrence of gap resonance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the choke structure disclosed in the embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 2 for Figure 1 An enlarged view of a local structure of the choke structure is shown;

[0037] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A top view of the choke structure is shown;

[0038] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A left side view of the choke structure is shown;

[0039] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the choke piston disclosed in the embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the phase shifter disclosed in the embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 7 for Figure 6 The schematic diagram of the structure of the phase shifter in a cross-sectional state is shown;

[0042] Figure 8 A partial side sectional view of the cavity disclosed in the embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Fig. 9 A multi-transmission mode choke effect curve diagram of the choke structure disclosed in the embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Fig.10 The resonance suppression effect S of the choke structure disclosed in the embodiment of the present application and the traditional choke piston 11 Curve comparison chart.

[0045] Icons: 10-metal plate, 11-top wall, 12-bottom wall, 13-front side wall, 14-rear side wall, 15-left side wall, 16-right side wall, 20-first longitudinal groove, 21-initial first longitudinal groove, 22-middle first longitudinal groove, 23-end first longitudinal groove, 30-second longitudinal groove, 40-first transverse groove, 50-second transverse groove, 60-support plate, 70-driving mechanism, 71-connecting part, 72-linear drive, 73-slide rail, 80-cavity, 81-transmission channel, 82-movable channel, 90-transition adapter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the technical solutions of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with specific implementation methods. The same figure marks in the accompanying drawings represent the same components. It should be noted that the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the described embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0047] Compared to the embodiments shown in the drawings, feasible implementations within the scope of protection of the present application may have fewer components, other components not shown in the drawings, different components, differently arranged components, or differently connected components, etc. In addition, two or more components in the drawings may be implemented in a single component, or a single component shown in the drawings may be implemented as multiple separate components.

[0048] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meanings understood by persons with ordinary skills in the field to which this application belongs. The words "first", "second" and similar words used in the specification and claims of this application do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components.

[0049] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4 The embodiments of the present application disclose a choke structure loaded with a horizontal and vertical trapezoidal slot structure, so as to at least solve the problems of the known choke structure based on quarter-wavelength design, such as large volume and mass, inability to ensure the choke effect in multi-mode microwave application scenarios, and inability to avoid the gap resonance introduced by the choke structure itself.

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, it shows a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary choke structure disclosed in an embodiment of the present application. The choke structure may include a metal plate 10. The metal plate 10 may be a plate-like member that is substantially rectangular in shape and made of metal material, and the size parameters of the metal plate 10 are: length a, width b, and height t. Further, the metal plate 10 includes a top wall 11, a bottom wall 12, a front side wall 13, a rear side wall 14, a left side wall 15, and a right side wall 16.

[0051] It should be noted that the length direction, width direction and height direction of the metal plate 10 to be described below in the embodiment of the present application correspond to Figure 1 The x-axis direction, y-axis direction and z-axis direction are shown in FIG.

[0052] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the top wall 11 of the metal plate 10 is provided with a plurality of first longitudinal grooves 20 and a plurality of second longitudinal grooves 30 , and the plurality of first longitudinal grooves 20 and the plurality of second longitudinal grooves 30 are alternately arranged in sequence along the length direction of the metal plate 10 .

[0053] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the cross-sections of the first longitudinal groove 20 and the second longitudinal groove 30 are both trapezoidal, and the first longitudinal groove 20 and the second longitudinal groove 30 both penetrate the metal plate 10 along the height direction of the metal plate 10. In other words, the first longitudinal groove 20 and the second longitudinal groove 30 in the trapezoidal shape are both through grooves that penetrate the metal plate 10 along the height direction of the metal plate 10, that is, the height of the first longitudinal groove 20 and the height of the second longitudinal groove 30 are both equal to the height of the metal plate 10.

[0054] Furthermore, the side where the upper bottom of the first longitudinal groove 20 is located penetrates the front side wall 13 of the metal plate 10, and the side where the upper bottom of the second longitudinal groove 30 is located penetrates the rear side wall 14 of the metal plate 10. In other words, the sides where the upper bottoms of the trapezoidal first longitudinal groove 20 and the second longitudinal groove 30 are located are both open structures, and the opening of the first longitudinal groove 20 is located at the front side wall 13 of the metal plate 10, and the opening of the second longitudinal groove 30 is located at the rear side wall 14 of the metal plate 10, and the two opening directions are opposite.

[0055] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present application, Figure 3 As shown, the first longitudinal groove 20 and the second longitudinal groove 30 have the same cross-sectional shape. At this time, the size parameters of the trapezoidal cross-section of the first longitudinal groove 20 and the second longitudinal groove 30 are: the upper base is v, the lower base is u, and the height is d. In addition, the arrangement spacing between two adjacent first longitudinal grooves 20 and between two adjacent second longitudinal grooves 30 is p, and the arrangement spacing between adjacent first longitudinal grooves 20 and second longitudinal grooves 30 is p / 2. In this way, the plurality of first longitudinal grooves 20 and the plurality of second longitudinal grooves 30 have the same size parameters and the same arrangement period.

[0056] At the same time, the lower base u of the trapezoidal first longitudinal groove 20 and the second longitudinal groove 30 is smaller than the arrangement spacing p described above, that is, u<p. In addition, since the lower bases of the trapezoidal first longitudinal groove 20 and the second longitudinal groove 30 do not penetrate the corresponding side walls of the metal plate 10, the height of the trapezoidal cross-section of the first longitudinal groove 20 and the second longitudinal groove 30 is smaller than the width of the metal plate 10, that is, d<b.

[0057] In some embodiments of the present application, the number N of the first longitudinal slots 20 and the second longitudinal slots 30 can be obtained by calculation, specifically: N = a / p. It should be noted that in order to achieve good reciprocity characteristics of the choke structure, when designing the size parameters a and p, N should be satisfied as much as possible to be an integer.

[0058] It should be further explained that, although the staggered longitudinal slot structure as described above can effectively reduce the width requirement of the choke structure for the metal plate 10, it may also cause the first longitudinal slot 20 and the second longitudinal slot 30 to be arranged asymmetrically. For this reason, the embodiment of the present application further designs the longitudinal slots located at the left and right ends of the metal plate 10.

[0059] Specifically, combined Figure 3As shown in the figure, the aforementioned multiple first longitudinal grooves 20 may further include an initial first longitudinal groove 21, an intermediate first longitudinal groove 22 and an end first longitudinal groove 23. Among them, the initial first longitudinal groove 21 is the first longitudinal groove 20 adjacent to the left side wall 15 of the metal plate 10, and the end first longitudinal groove 23 is the first longitudinal groove 20 adjacent to the right side wall 16 of the metal plate 10. Moreover, the initial first longitudinal groove 21 and the end first longitudinal groove 23 are both half of the complete first longitudinal groove 20, and the two can together constitute a complete first longitudinal groove 20. In other words, only the initial first longitudinal groove 21 and the end first longitudinal groove 23 of the half of the first longitudinal groove 20 are arranged in mirror symmetry, that is, complementary. The intermediate first longitudinal groove 22 is a complete first longitudinal groove 20 between the initial first longitudinal groove 21 and the end first longitudinal groove 23. This design is conducive to avoiding the characteristics of asymmetric arrangement of the first longitudinal groove 20 and the second longitudinal groove 30, and makes the choke structure have good reciprocity characteristics.

[0060] Of course, in other embodiments of the present application, the groove body adjacent to the left side wall 15 and the right side wall 16 of the metal plate 10 may also be a second longitudinal groove 30. In this case, it is only necessary to design the second longitudinal groove 30 adjacent to the left side wall 15 of the metal plate 10 and the second longitudinal groove 30 adjacent to the right side wall 16 of the metal plate 10 in the same manner as described above to achieve the same effect.

[0061] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the left side wall 15 of the metal plate 10 is provided with a first transverse groove 40 and a second transverse groove 50, the longitudinal sections of the first transverse groove 40 and the second transverse groove 50 are also trapezoidal, and the first transverse groove 40 and the second transverse groove 50 both penetrate the metal plate 10 along the length direction of the metal plate 10. In other words, the first transverse groove 40 and the second transverse groove 50 in the trapezoidal shape are both through grooves that penetrate the metal plate 10 along the length direction of the metal plate 10, that is, the length of the first transverse groove 40 and the length of the second transverse groove 50 are both equal to the length of the metal plate 10.

[0062] Furthermore, the side where the upper bottom of the first transverse groove 40 is located penetrates the rear side wall 14 of the metal plate 10, and the side where the upper bottom of the second transverse groove 50 is located penetrates the front side wall 13 of the metal plate 10. In other words, the sides where the upper bottoms of the first transverse groove 40 and the second transverse groove 50 are located in a trapezoidal shape are both open structures, and the opening of the first transverse groove 40 is located at the rear side wall 14 of the metal plate 10, and the opening of the second transverse groove 50 is located at the front side wall 13 of the metal plate 10, and the two opening directions are opposite.

[0063] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present application, Figure 4As shown, the first transverse groove 40 and the second transverse groove 50 have the same cross-sectional shape, and the two are arranged symmetrically, that is, the first transverse groove 40 and the second transverse groove 50 are symmetrical about the central axis of the metal plate 10 in the z-axis direction. Different from the staggered arrangement of the first longitudinal groove 20 and the second longitudinal groove 30, the first transverse groove 40 and the second transverse groove 50 are designed as a symmetrically arranged structure, which can not only make the choke structure have a good choke effect, but also take into account the need for miniaturization of the choke structure in the z-axis direction.

[0064] At this time, the size parameters of the trapezoidal cross-sections of the first transverse groove 40 and the second transverse groove 50 are: upper base v0, lower base u0, and height d0. In addition, the height of the trapezoidal cross-sections of the first transverse groove 40 and the second transverse groove 50 is less than half of the width of the metal plate 10, that is, d0<b / 2, so that the first transverse groove 40 and the second transverse groove 50 are independent groove structures.

[0065] It is worth noting that, in actual implementation, the number of the first transverse grooves 40 and the number of the second transverse grooves 50 can be one or more. Compared with the design of one first transverse groove 40 and one second transverse groove 50, designing the first transverse groove 40 and the second transverse groove 50 as multiple will help to further enhance the choking effect of the choke structure.

[0066] Further, when there are multiple first transverse grooves 40 and second transverse grooves 50, refer to Figure 4 As shown, the plurality of first transverse grooves 40 and the plurality of second transverse grooves 50 are arranged in sequence along the height direction of the metal plate 10. At this time, the arrangement spacing between two adjacent first transverse grooves 40 and between two adjacent second transverse grooves 50 is p0. In this way, the plurality of first transverse grooves 40 and the plurality of second transverse grooves 50 have the same size parameters and the same arrangement period. For example, the drawings of the present application show the situation where two first transverse grooves 40 and two second transverse grooves 50 are provided at the same time. In this case, it is beneficial for the choke structure to have a good choke effect and a smaller volume.

[0067] At the same time, the lower base of the trapezoidal first transverse groove 40 and the second transverse groove 50 is smaller than the arrangement spacing p0 mentioned above, that is: u0<p0. Moreover, from top to bottom along the height direction of the metal plate 10, the distance between the upper end point of the upper base of the initial first transverse groove 40 (that is, the first transverse groove 40 close to the top wall 11 of the metal plate 10) and the top wall 11 of the metal plate 10, and the distance between the upper end point of the upper base of the initial second transverse groove 50 (that is, the second transverse groove 50 close to the top wall 11 of the metal plate 10) and the top wall 11 of the metal plate 10 are both h, and: h=(p0-v0) / 2.

[0068] In addition, when there are multiple first transverse grooves 40 and second transverse grooves 50, the number M of the first transverse grooves 40 and second transverse grooves 50 can also be calculated, specifically: M = t / p0. Similarly, when designing the size parameters t and p0, M should also be an integer as much as possible.

[0069] It is worth noting that, in actual implementation, in order to avoid field strength concentration in some areas of the choke structure, the four edges of the metal plate 10 may be selectively chamfered.

[0070] On the other hand, the embodiment of the present application also discloses a choke piston, Figure 5 As shown, the choke piston may include a support plate 60, a drive mechanism 70, and a choke structure with a loading transverse and longitudinal trapezoidal groove structure as described above.

[0071] The support plate 60 is a plate-shaped member made of non-metallic material, and the bottom wall 12 of the metal plate 10 of the choke structure is connected to the support plate 60. Preferably, the support plate 60 has the same cross-sectional shape as the metal plate 10, and the bottom wall 12 of the metal plate 10 is supported on the top surface of the support plate 60 and fixedly connected to the support plate 60, so that the metal plate 10 can be reliably supported by the support plate 60 and the volume of the choke piston can be reduced as much as possible.

[0072] It can be understood that, in actual implementation, parameters such as the material dielectric constant and magnetic permeability of the non-metallic support plate 60 can be further determined by electromagnetic simulation calculation software, and the function of the support plate 60 is to fix the support metal plate 10 to prevent the metal plate 10 from deforming, and to drive the metal plate 10 to perform reciprocating linear motion along the height direction of the metal plate 10, so as to facilitate the adjustment of the position of the metal plate 10 in the transmission channel 81 to be described below.

[0073] The driving mechanism 70 is configured to drive the support plate 60 to perform reciprocating linear motion along the height direction of the metal plate 10. The driving mechanism 70 may be implemented in the following manner but is not limited thereto.

[0074] Specifically, Figure 5 As shown, the driving mechanism 70 may include a connecting member 71 and a linear driver 72. The connecting member 71 is connected to the support plate 60, and the output end of the linear driver 72 is connected to the connecting member 71, so that the linear driver 72 drives the connecting member 71 to perform reciprocating linear motion, thereby driving the support plate 60 and the metal plate 10 to move synchronously along the height direction of the metal plate 10 through the connecting member 71.

[0075] It is understandable that the linear drive 72 mentioned above can be a mechanism or device known in the prior art that can output linear motion, such as an electric push rod, etc., which is not limited here. In addition, the drive mechanism 70 can further include a slide rail 73, which extends along the movement path of the support plate 60 and is fixedly arranged. The connecting member 71 is slidably connected to the slide rail 73 to form a sliding pair. By adding the slide rail 73 for limiting guidance, the stability of the connecting member 71 when driving the support plate 60 and the metal plate 10 to perform reciprocating linear motion can be effectively improved, and the position of the metal plate 10 can be prevented from shifting during the movement.

[0076] In addition, the embodiment of the present application also discloses a phase shifter, Figures 6 to 8 As shown, the phase shifter may include a cavity 80 and a choke piston as described above. The cavity 80 may be a shell structure made of metal material, and a transmission channel 81 for transmitting microwaves and an active channel 82 connected to the transmission channel 81 are provided inside the cavity 80, and the axis of the active channel 82 is perpendicular to the axis of the transmission channel 81. Preferably, the active channel 82 is located at the exact center of the transmission channel 81 and intersects the transmission channel 81 vertically.

[0077] like Figure 7 As shown, the metal plate 10 and the support plate 60 of the choke structure are both arranged in the active channel 82, and the top wall 11 of the metal plate 10 faces the connection between the active channel 82 and the transmission channel 81. In this arrangement, when the support plate 60 and the metal plate 10 make a linear motion along the height direction of the metal plate 10 under the action of the driving mechanism 70 to move from the active channel 82 to the transmission channel 81, the microwave leakage in the transmission channel 81 can be effectively suppressed by the metal plate 10 loaded with the horizontal and vertical trapezoidal grooves, and by adjusting the position of the metal plate 10 in the transmission channel 81, the phase shifter can output microwaves of different phases, thereby achieving the purpose of changing the output phase of the phase shifter.

[0078] Furthermore, for the support plate 60 and the metal plate 10 in the movable channel 82, there are gaps reserved between the circumferential side wall of the support plate 60 and the inner wall of the movable channel 82, and between the circumferential side wall of the metal plate 10 and the inner wall of the movable channel 82. It can be understood that the setting of the gap enables the support plate 60 and the metal plate 10 to smoothly perform mechanical activities in the movable channel 82 (that is, to perform reciprocating linear motion along the height direction of the metal plate 10), so that the metal plate 10 can smoothly enter the transmission channel 81 or exit from the transmission channel 81 to the movable channel 82.

[0079] It should be noted that, in actual implementation, the size of the gap should also be reasonably set, because: if the gap is too small, it is not conducive to the smooth mechanical movement of the support plate 60 and the metal plate 10 of the choke structure in the active channel 82, and if the gap is too large, it may cause an increase in insertion loss, thereby causing the transmission performance to deteriorate. Preferably, the gap can be set to about 0.15mm, so that the support plate 60 and the metal plate 10 can smoothly perform mechanical activities in the active channel 82, and effectively prevent the increase in insertion loss, so that the choke effect is balanced.

[0080] Furthermore, in order to facilitate subsequent testing, continue to refer to Figure 6 or Figure 7 The phase shifter may further include two transition adapters 90, which are respectively arranged at two ends of the cavity 80 along the extension direction of the transmission channel 81, and the channels inside the two transition adapters 90 are both connected to the transmission channel 81. When the phase shifter needs to be tested, the two transition adapters 90 are used to connect different waveguides.

[0081] In a specific embodiment of the present application, the phase shifter disclosed in the above embodiment of the present application is a wide-edge adjustable mechanical phase shifter with an operating frequency of 9.75 GHz. Figure 7 and Figure 8 , the size parameters of the transmission channel 81 of the cavity 80 of the phase shifter are as follows: the long side A is 21.8m, the wide side B is 7mm, and the adjustable wide side C is 120mm. At the same time, the relevant basic size parameters of the choke structure disclosed in the above embodiment of the present application are as follows: a=119.8mm, b=6.8mm, t=8mm, u=4mm, v=0.5mm, d=5.5mm, p=8mm, u0=2.5mm, v0=0.5mm, d0=2.9mm, p0=4mm.

[0082] In summary, compared with the known choke structure based on a quarter-wave design, the choke structure disclosed in the embodiment of the present application adopts a double-sided staggered arrangement of horizontal and vertical trapezoidal grooves, and the choke structure is loaded on the piston with the advantage of being highly integrated. More importantly, the choke structure disclosed in the embodiment of the present application is not limited by the size of a quarter-wavelength, and it mainly relies on the impedance mutation generated by the horizontal and vertical trapezoidal groove structure to suppress the transmission of microwaves. In a specific application example, under the condition of an operating frequency of 9.75GHz, only two periodically arranged horizontal trapezoidal groove structures are needed to produce a good microwave suppression effect. Compared with the known choke structure based on a quarter-wave design, the choke structure disclosed in the embodiment of the present application can significantly reduce the volume and mass of the choke piston, and obviously has more miniaturization and lightweight structural advantages.

[0083] At the same time, the choke structure disclosed in the embodiment of the present application has a good choking effect on electromagnetic waves of different transmission modes in the over-molding application scenario, and has a wider applicability.

[0084] Specifically, taking the application of X-band wide-edge adjustable phase shifter as an analysis example, since the size of the adjustable wide edge C of such phase shifter will cause over-mode transmission inside the transmission channel 81, in addition to the suppression of the main mode, the suppression effect of other high-order modes of electromagnetic waves must also be considered. However, the known choke structure based on quarter-wave design only effectively suppresses single-mode electromagnetic waves, and it is difficult to achieve microwave suppression under over-mode input conditions.

[0085] To this end, the inventors of the present application can effectively solve this problem by designing a choke structure with a horizontal and vertical trapezoidal slot structure. Fig. 9 It can be seen from the multi-transmission mode choke effect curve of the choke structure disclosed in the embodiment of the present application that the introduction of each high-order mode input into the choke structure disclosed in the embodiment of the present application can still play a good microwave suppression effect, and the coupling energy is suppressed below -80dB. In other words, the wide-edge adjustable mechanical phase shifter with an operating frequency of 9.75GHz achieves a -80dB choke effect within a 360° phase shift range. It can be seen that the choke structure disclosed in the embodiment of the present application can play a good suppression effect on microwaves in various transmission modes.

[0086] In addition, the choke structure disclosed in the embodiment of the present application can also effectively suppress the formation of standing waves, thereby effectively solving the problem of gap resonance.

[0087] Specifically, the known choke structure based on the quarter-wavelength design cannot avoid the formation of plate gaps due to its non-contact characteristics. As a strong resonant structure, the plate gap is prone to cause microwave reflection to form standing waves, resulting in a substantial increase in field strength and thus causing the microwave device to spark or even break down. However, the choke structure disclosed in the embodiment of the present application eliminates the plate gaps based on its structural characteristics, and can effectively avoid the generation of standing waves between the gaps by loading a horizontally and vertically staggered trapezoidal slot structure, thereby achieving the purpose of effectively suppressing the occurrence of gap resonance. Fig.10 The resonance suppression effect S of the choke structure disclosed in the embodiment of the present application and the conventional choke piston is shown. 11 It can be seen from the curve comparison chart that, compared with the choke structure based on the quarter-wavelength design adopted by the traditional choke piston, which will have severe reflection resonance phenomenon at certain frequency points, the choke structure disclosed in the embodiment of the present application does not produce resonance. In other words, the choke structure disclosed in the embodiment of the present application can effectively avoid the occurrence of abnormal reflection and effectively suppress the occurrence of gap resonance.

[0088] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A choke structure loaded with a horizontal and vertical trapezoidal slot structure, characterized in that: It comprises a substantially rectangular metal plate, wherein the length of the metal plate is a, the width is b, and the height is t; The top wall of the metal plate is provided with a plurality of first longitudinal grooves and a plurality of second longitudinal grooves, and the plurality of first longitudinal grooves and the plurality of second longitudinal grooves are alternately arranged in sequence along the length direction of the metal plate; The cross-sections of the first longitudinal groove and the second longitudinal groove are both trapezoidal, and both penetrate the metal plate along the height direction of the metal plate; the side where the upper bottom of the first longitudinal groove is located penetrates the front side wall of the metal plate, and the side where the upper bottom of the second longitudinal groove is located penetrates the rear side wall of the metal plate; The left side wall of the metal plate is provided with at least one first transverse groove and at least one second transverse groove; The longitudinal sections of the first transverse groove and the second transverse groove are both trapezoidal, and both penetrate the metal plate along the length direction of the metal plate; the side where the upper bottom of the first transverse groove is located penetrates the rear side wall of the metal plate, and the side where the upper bottom of the second transverse groove is located penetrates the front side wall of the metal plate.

2. The choke structure of the loaded horizontal and vertical trapezoidal slot structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cross-sectional shapes of the first longitudinal groove and the second longitudinal groove are the same, and the dimension parameters of the trapezoidal cross-sections of the two grooves are: the upper base is v, the lower base is u, and the height is d; The arrangement spacing between two adjacent first longitudinal grooves and between two adjacent second longitudinal grooves is p, the arrangement spacing between adjacent first longitudinal grooves and second longitudinal grooves is p / 2, and: u<p.

3. The choke structure of the loaded horizontal and vertical trapezoidal slot structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The plurality of first longitudinal grooves include an initial first longitudinal groove adjacent to a left side wall of the metal plate, and an end first longitudinal groove adjacent to a right side wall of the metal plate; The initial first longitudinal groove and the terminal first longitudinal groove are both halves of the complete first longitudinal groove, and the two can together constitute the complete first longitudinal groove.

4. The choke structure of the loaded horizontal and vertical trapezoidal slot structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cross-sectional shapes of the first transverse groove and the second transverse groove are the same, and the two are symmetrically arranged.

5. The choke structure of the loaded horizontal and vertical trapezoidal slot structure according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The dimension parameters of the trapezoidal cross sections of the first transverse groove and the second transverse groove are: upper base is v0, lower base is u0, height is d0; and: d0<b / 2.

6. The choke structure of the loaded horizontal and vertical trapezoidal slot structure according to claim 5 is characterized in that: There are a plurality of the first transverse grooves and a plurality of the second transverse grooves, and the plurality of the first transverse grooves and the plurality of the second transverse grooves are arranged in sequence along the height direction of the metal plate; The arrangement spacing between two adjacent first transverse grooves and between two adjacent second transverse grooves is p0, and u0<p0.

7. The choke structure of the loaded horizontal and vertical trapezoidal slot structure according to claim 6 is characterized in that: From top to bottom along the height direction of the metal plate, the distance between the upper end point of the initial upper bottom of the first transverse groove and the top wall of the metal plate, and the distance between the upper end point of the initial upper bottom of the second transverse groove and the top wall of the metal plate are both h, and: h = (p0-v0) / 2.

8. A choke piston, characterized in that: It comprises a support plate and a choke structure for loading a horizontal and vertical trapezoidal slot structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7; The bottom wall of the metal plate is connected to the support plate, and the support plate is configured to be able to perform reciprocating linear motion along the height direction of the metal plate.

9. A phase shifter, characterized in that: comprising a cavity and a choke piston as claimed in claim 8; The cavity defines a transmission channel and a movable channel connected to the transmission channel; the axis of the movable channel is perpendicular to the axis of the transmission channel; The metal plate and the support plate are both arranged in the movable channel, and the top wall of the metal plate faces the connecting point between the movable channel and the transmission channel.

10. The phase shifter according to claim 9, characterized in that Gaps are reserved between the circumferential side wall of the support plate and the inner wall of the movable channel, and between the circumferential side wall of the metal plate and the inner wall of the movable channel.

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