An antenna structure and electronic device

Abstract

This application provides an antenna structure and electronic device that utilizes two different modes to extend the operating bandwidth of the antenna structure. The antenna structure includes a ground plane, a radiator, a ground stub, and a feed stub. One end of the ground stub is coupled to the radiator at a first location, and the other end is grounded. The distance between the first location and the center of the radiator is less than or equal to 0.05 × L, where L is the length of the first radiator. The first end of the feed stub is coupled to the radiator at a feed point, and the second end is used to feed an electrical signal. The distance between the feed point and the center of the radiator is less than or equal to 0.35 × L. The length of the feed stub between the radiator and the ground plane is greater than or equal to one-tenth and less than or equal to one-quarter of a first wavelength, where the first wavelength corresponds to a first frequency band.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of wireless communication, and more particularly to an antenna structure and electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, the low-frequency range of the radio spectrum has become saturated, while the millimeter-wave band possesses abundant spectrum resources. Therefore, millimeter waves can provide a solution for high-speed wireless communication. Millimeter-wave antennas require wide bandwidth and high gain performance to achieve high-speed data transmission, low latency, and high reliability. To better receive and transmit signals, millimeter-wave antennas within electronic devices need to simultaneously possess dual-polarization capabilities to receive electrical signals from different directions. Furthermore, due to the limited space in electronic devices, there are stringent requirements for antenna miniaturization design. Achieving a wide operating frequency band is difficult in antenna miniaturization design. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides an antenna structure and electronic device that utilizes two different modes to extend the operating bandwidth of the antenna structure.

[0004] In a first aspect, an antenna structure is provided, comprising: a first radiator, including a first connecting region and a first feed point, wherein the distance between any point in the first connecting region and the center of the first radiator is less than or equal to 0.05 × L1, and the distance between the first feed point and the center of the first radiator is less than or equal to 0.35 × L1, where L1 is the length of the first radiator; a ground plane, spaced apart from the first radiator; a first grounding branch, wherein a first end of the first grounding branch is coupled to the first radiator in the first connecting region, and a second end of the first grounding branch is coupled to the ground plane; and a first feed branch, wherein a first end of the first feed branch is coupled to the first radiator at the first feed point, wherein the length of the first feed branch between the first radiator and the ground plane is greater than or equal to one-tenth of a first wavelength and less than or equal to one-quarter of the first wavelength, wherein the first wavelength is the wavelength corresponding to a first frequency band, and the operating frequency band of the antenna structure includes the first frequency band.

[0005] According to the technical solution of this application embodiment, a patch antenna-like structure can be formed using the first radiator. A first resonance can be generated using the TM01 mode of the patch antenna. Furthermore, by combining the first feed stub between the ground plane and the first radiator with the first radiator, the antenna structure can be formed into a monopole-like structure, and a second resonance can be generated using the three-quarters mode of the monopole. The first resonance generated by the TM01 mode and the additional second resonance generated by the three-quarters mode can be used to extend the operating bandwidth of the antenna structure.

[0006] Simultaneously, the first grounding stub couples with the first radiator in the first connection area, allowing some of the current generated by the antenna structure in TM01 mode and three-quarters mode to be diverted to the ground plane, thus balancing the radiation patterns generated by the two modes and making the radiation patterns generated by the two modes approximately the same. It should be understood that in the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application, the feed stub and the radiator; or the grounding stub and the radiator; or the grounding stub and the ground plane can be connected by indirect coupling or direct electrical connection.

[0007] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the antenna structure further includes: a second radiator, wherein the first radiator is located between the second radiator and the floor, and the second radiator is positioned opposite to and spaced apart from the first radiator, and the length L2 of the second radiator is less than the length L1 of the first radiator.

[0008] According to the technical solution of this application embodiment, the length L2 of the second radiator can be less than the length L1 of the first radiator. The resonant frequency generated by the second radiator can be higher than the resonant frequency generated by the first radiator, which allows the antenna structure to include more operating frequency bands and be applicable to more communication frequency bands.

[0009] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the antenna structure further includes: a second grounding stub and a second feed stub; the second radiator includes a second connection region and a second feed point, wherein the distance between any point in the second connection region and the center of the second radiator is less than or equal to 0.05 × L², and the distance between the second feed point and the center of the second radiator is less than or equal to 0.35 × L²; a first end of the second grounding stub is coupled to the second radiator in the second connection region, and a second end of the second grounding stub is coupled to the first radiator; the second feed stub has a first end coupled to the second radiator at the second feed point.

[0010] According to the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, the first radiator serves as the equivalent ground plane when the second radiator resonates. The second radiator and the first radiator, which is equivalent to the ground plane, can form an antenna structure similar to that formed by the first radiator and the ground plane. The second radiator generates resonance at a high frequency so that the operating frequency band of the antenna structure can include the second frequency band.

[0011] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the second feed point includes a third feed position and a fourth feed position; the second feed branch includes a third feed element and a fourth feed element, the first end of the third feed element is coupled to the second radiator at the third feed position, the first end of the fourth feed element is coupled to the second radiator at the fourth feed position, the length of the third feed element between the first radiator and the second radiator, and the length of the fourth feed element between the first radiator and the second radiator are both greater than or equal to one-tenth of the second wavelength and less than or equal to one-quarter of the second wavelength, the second wavelength is the wavelength corresponding to the second frequency band, and the operating frequency band of the antenna structure includes the second frequency band, the frequency of the second frequency band is higher than the frequency of the first frequency band.

[0012] According to the technical solution of this application embodiment, the line connecting the third feed position and the midpoint of the second radiator and the line connecting the fourth feed position and the midpoint of the second radiator are perpendicular. When electrical signals are fed into the third and fourth feed positions, the polarization of the antenna structure can be mutually orthogonal third and fourth polarizations. Mutually orthogonal third and fourth polarizations allow the antenna structure to receive electrical signals from different directions in the second frequency band, thereby improving the performance of the electronic device (e.g., increasing the gain of the received electrical signal).

[0013] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first grounding branch includes a first grounding element, the first end of the first grounding element being coupled to the first radiator at a first position; the first radiator having a first opening and a second opening; the third power supply element passing through the first opening, and the fourth power supply element passing through the second opening; the first position being located within a virtual circular region with the diameter of the line connecting the centers of the first opening and the second opening.

[0014] According to the technical solution of this application embodiment, setting at least one grounding element within the virtual circular area can reduce interference between the third and fourth feed elements in the second feed branch, thus ensuring good isolation between the electrical signals fed into the third and fourth feed elements. Simultaneously, setting at least one grounding element within the virtual circular area can further reduce mutual interference between the electrical signals fed into the second feed branch and the electrical signals fed into the first feed branch, improving the isolation between them.

[0015] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first grounding branch includes a plurality of first grounding elements, the plurality of first grounding elements being coupled to the first radiator at corresponding first positions; the line connecting the plurality of corresponding first positions or the area enclosed by the plurality of corresponding first positions at least partially overlaps with the first connection area.

[0016] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first end of the first grounding branch is electrically connected to the first radiator in the first connection region, including: the region enclosed by a plurality of the first locations at least partially overlaps with the first connection region.

[0017] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first feed point includes a first feed position and a second feed position; the first feed branch includes a first feed element and a second feed element, a first end of the first feed element is coupled to the first radiator at the first feed position, and a first end of the second feed element is coupled to the first radiator at the second feed position.

[0018] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first end of the second grounding branch is coupled to the second radiator at a second position; the second position is located within a virtual circular region with a diameter defined by the line connecting the centers of the third and fourth feed positions.

[0019] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, between the floor and the first radiator, the second feed branch is disposed within the space enclosed by a plurality of the first grounding elements, and the first feed branch is disposed outside the space enclosed by the plurality of the first grounding elements.

[0020] According to the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, the second feed stub is arranged in the space surrounded by multiple grounding components. This can limit the clutter signal when the second feed stub feeds an electrical signal to the space surrounded by multiple grounding components, avoid interfering with the electrical signal fed by the first feed stub, effectively improve the isolation between the two, and thus improve the performance of the antenna structure.

[0021] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the portions of both the first power supply element and the second power supply element between the first radiator and the floor are bent.

[0022] According to the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, when the distance between the floor and the first radiator is less than one-tenth of the first wavelength, the first feed branch between the floor and the first radiator can be bent so that the length of the first feed branch between the floor and the first radiator is greater than or equal to one-tenth of the first wavelength and less than or equal to one-quarter of the first wavelength.

[0023] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the antenna structure further includes at least one metal pillar; at least one of the metal pillars is located on the same side of the floor as the first radiator; the metal pillar is coupled to the floor.

[0024] According to the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, metal pillars can be used to expand the ground plane of the antenna structure, increase the current path on the ground plane, thereby reducing the impact of the small ground plane area on the impedance of the antenna structure (a small ground plane area will result in the inability to confine the electromagnetic waves generated by the current on the ground plane, thereby causing interference to the electromagnetic waves in the operating frequency band of the antenna structure), thereby improving the radiation characteristics (e.g., operating bandwidth) of the antenna structure.

[0025] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first frequency band includes 24.25 GHz to 29.5 GHz, and / or the second frequency band includes 37 GHz to 43.5 GHz.

[0026] According to the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, the antenna structure can operate in the millimeter-wave frequency band.

[0027] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the width of the floor is less than or equal to 3.5 mm, and the width of the first radiator is less than the width of the floor.

[0028] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the length of the floor is less than or equal to 6 mm, and the length of the first radiator is less than the length of the floor.

[0029] According to the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, the antenna structure can be miniaturized and can be disposed within the frame of an electronic device.

[0030] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first projection of the first radiator on the floor covers the second projection of the second radiator on the floor.

[0031] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the distance between the second radiator and the first radiator is less than or equal to 0.5 mm.

[0032] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the distance between the second radiator and the floor is less than or equal to 1 mm.

[0033] In a second aspect, an electronic device is provided, including an antenna structure corresponding to the vacuum wavelength described in any one of the first aspects.

[0034] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the electronic device includes an antenna module and a radio frequency chip, the antenna module includes a plurality of antenna structures, the antenna structures being coupled to the corresponding ports of the radio frequency chip; the electronic device also includes a frame; the frame has a first gap, and at least a portion of the plurality of antenna structures are disposed within the first gap.

[0035] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the electronic device includes an antenna module and a radio frequency chip. The antenna module includes a plurality of antenna structures, and the antenna structures are coupled to the ports of the corresponding radio frequency chips. The electronic device also includes a frame. The frame has a plurality of second slits, and the second slits correspond one-to-one with the antenna structures. At least a portion of the antenna structures is disposed within the corresponding second slits. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a millimeter-wave antenna provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of another millimeter-wave antenna provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0039] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the electric field distribution of the antenna structure shown.

[0040] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the antenna structure 100 provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0041] Figure 6 This is a top view of the antenna structure 100 provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0042] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the antenna structure 100 provided in this application embodiment along the center of the radiator and the first feed point.

[0043] Figure 8 yes Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the current distribution of the antenna structure 100 shown.

[0044] Figure 9 yes Figure 5 The radiation patterns produced by the antenna structure 100 with different feed stub lengths are shown.

[0045] Figure 10 This is a structural diagram of the antenna structure 100 provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0046] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure 200 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0047] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the first radiator 220 and the second radiator 230 provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0048] Figure 13 This is a cross-sectional view of the antenna structure 200 provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0049] Figure 14 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the antenna structure 200 provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0050] Figure 15 A schematic diagram of the frame of the electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0051] Figure 16 yes Figure 14 The S-parameter diagram of the antenna structure 200 shown is presented.

[0052] Figure 17 yes Figure 14 The simulation results of the gain of the antenna structure 200 shown.

[0053] Figure 18 yes Figure 14 The radiation pattern of the antenna structure 200 shown.

[0054] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna array 300 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0055] Figure 20 yes Figure 19 The S-parameter diagram of the antenna array 300 is shown.

[0056] Figure 21 yes Figure 19 The simulation results of the gain of the antenna array 300 shown.

[0057] Figure 22 yes Figure 19 The radiation pattern of the antenna array 300 shown. Detailed Implementation

[0058] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0059] Coupling can be understood as direct coupling and / or indirect coupling. "Coupled connection" can be understood as a direct coupling connection and / or indirect coupling connection. Direct coupling can also be called "electrical connection," which can be understood as physical contact and electrical conduction between components; it can also be understood as the form of connection between different components in a circuit structure through physical lines that can transmit electrical signals, such as copper foil or wires on a printed circuit board (PCB). "Indirect coupling" can be understood as electrical conduction between two conductors through a gap / non-contact method. In one embodiment, indirect coupling can also be called capacitive coupling, for example, signal transmission is achieved by forming an equivalent capacitance through coupling between the gaps between two conductive parts.

[0060] Connection / linking: can refer to a mechanical or physical connection. For example, A and B being connected or linked can mean that there are fasteners (such as screws, bolts, rivets, etc.) between A and B, or that A and B are in contact with each other and are difficult to separate.

[0061] Resonant / Resonant Frequency: The resonant frequency is also called the resonance frequency. It refers to the frequency at which the imaginary part of the antenna's input impedance is zero. The resonant frequency can have a range, that is, the range of frequencies where resonance occurs. The frequency corresponding to the point of strongest resonance is the center frequency. The return loss characteristic at the center frequency can be less than -20dB.

[0062] Resonant band / communication band / operating band: Regardless of the type of antenna, it always operates within a certain frequency range (bandwidth). For example, an antenna supporting the B40 band operates within the frequency range of 2300MHz to 2400MHz, or in other words, the antenna's operating band includes the B40 band. The frequency range that meets the specifications can be considered the antenna's operating band.

[0063] Electrical length: can be the ratio of physical length (i.e., mechanical length or geometric length) to the wavelength of the transmitted electromagnetic wave. Electrical length can satisfy the following formula:

[0064]

[0065] Where L is the physical length and λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.

[0066] Wavelength: or operating wavelength, can be the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the resonant frequency or the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the operating frequency band supported by the antenna. For example, assuming the center frequency of the B1 uplink band (resonant frequency of 1920MHz to 1980MHz) is 1955MHz, the operating wavelength can be the wavelength calculated using this frequency. Not limited to the center frequency, "operating wavelength" can also refer to the wavelength corresponding to the non-center frequency of the resonant frequency or operating frequency band. In one embodiment, the above "wavelength" can be understood as the vacuum wavelength calculated based on the frequency. In one embodiment, the above "wavelength" can also be understood as the dielectric wavelength calculated based on the frequency and dielectric parameters. It should be understood that technicians can adjust the physical dimensions of the antenna radiator using dielectrics with different dielectric constants.

[0067] The limitations mentioned in the embodiments of this application, such as symmetry (e.g., axial symmetry, or central symmetry), parallelism, perpendicularity, and similarity (e.g., same length, same width, etc.), are all relative to the current technological level, and not absolute and strict mathematical definitions. There can be a predetermined angular deviation between two mutually parallel or perpendicular objects. In one embodiment, the predetermined threshold can be less than or equal to a threshold of 1 mm, for example, the predetermined threshold can be 0.5 mm or 0.1 mm. In one embodiment, the predetermined angle can be an angle within the range of ±10°, for example, the predetermined angle deviation is ±5°.

[0068] Antenna radiation pattern: also known as radiation pattern. It refers to the graph showing how the relative field strength (normalized modulus) of the antenna's radiated field changes with direction at a certain distance from the antenna. It is usually represented by two mutually perpendicular planar radiation patterns passing through the direction of maximum radiation of the antenna.

[0069] Antenna radiation patterns typically have multiple radiating beams. The beam with the highest radiating intensity is called the main lobe, and the remaining beams are called side lobes. Among the side lobes, the side lobe in the opposite direction to the main lobe is also called the back lobe.

[0070] Antenna return loss: This can be understood as the ratio of the signal power reflected back to the antenna port after passing through the antenna circuit to the transmit power at the antenna port. The smaller the reflected signal, the larger the signal radiated into space through the antenna, and the higher the antenna's radiation efficiency. Conversely, the larger the reflected signal, the smaller the signal radiated into space through the antenna, and the lower the antenna's radiation efficiency.

[0071] Antenna return loss can be represented by the S11 parameter, which is one of the S-parameters. S11 represents the reflection coefficient, and this parameter characterizes the antenna's transmission efficiency. The S11 parameter is usually negative. The smaller the S11 parameter, the smaller the antenna return loss, the less energy the antenna reflects back, which means more energy actually enters the antenna, and the higher the antenna's system efficiency. Conversely, the larger the S11 parameter, the greater the antenna return loss, and the lower the antenna's system efficiency.

[0072] It should be noted that in engineering, an S11 value of -6dB is generally used as the standard. When the S11 value of an antenna is less than -6dB, the antenna can be considered to be working normally, or the antenna can be considered to have good transmission efficiency.

[0073] Antenna polarization: At a given point in space, the electric field intensity E (vector) is a function of time t. As time progresses, the endpoint of the vector periodically traces a trajectory in space. If this trajectory is a straight line and perpendicular to the ground, it is called vertical polarization; if it is horizontal to the ground, it is called horizontal polarization.

[0074] Clearance: refers to the distance between the radiator of an antenna and the metal or electronic components near the radiator. For example, when part of the metal frame of an electronic device acts as the radiator of an antenna, the clearance can refer to the distance between the radiator and the printed circuit board or electronic components (such as a camera).

[0075] Ground, or floor: can refer to at least a portion of any grounding layer, ground plane, or grounding metal layer within an electronic device (such as a mobile phone), or at least a portion of any combination of any of the aforementioned grounding layers, ground planes, or grounding components. "Ground" can be used for grounding components within an electronic device. In one embodiment, "ground" can be the grounding layer of a circuit board in an electronic device, or a grounding metal layer formed by a ground plane formed within the frame of the electronic device or a metal film formed beneath the screen. In one embodiment, the circuit board can be a printed circuit board (PCB), such as an 8-layer, 10-layer, or 12-14-layer board having 8, 10, 12, 13, or 14 layers of conductive material, or components separated and electrically insulated by dielectric or insulating layers such as fiberglass or polymers.

[0076] Any of the aforementioned grounding layers, ground planes, or grounding metal layers are made of conductive materials. In one embodiment, the conductive material may be any of the following: copper, aluminum, stainless steel, brass and their alloys, copper foil on an insulating substrate, aluminum foil on an insulating substrate, gold foil on an insulating substrate, silver-plated copper, silver-plated copper foil on an insulating substrate, silver foil on an insulating substrate and tin-plated copper, graphite-impregnated cloth, graphite-coated substrates, copper-plated substrates, brass-plated substrates, and aluminum-plated substrates. Those skilled in the art will understand that grounding layers / ground planes / grounding metal layers may also be made of other conductive materials.

[0077] like Figure 1 As shown, the electronic device 10 may include: a cover 13, a display / module 15, a printed circuit board (PCB) 17, a middle frame 19, and a rear cover 21. It should be understood that in some embodiments, the cover 13 may be a glass cover, but it may also be replaced with a cover made of other materials, such as an ultra-thin glass cover, a PET (Polyethylene terephthalate) cover, etc.

[0078] The cover plate 13 can be set close to the display module 15, and can be mainly used to protect the display module 15 from dust.

[0079] In one embodiment, the display module 15 may include a liquid crystal display (LCD), a light emitting diode (LED) display panel, or an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display panel, etc., and this application embodiment does not limit this.

[0080] The middle frame 19 mainly serves to support the entire machine. Figure 1 The diagram shows PCB 17 positioned between the middle frame 19 and the back cover 21. It should be understood that in one embodiment, PCB 17 may also be positioned between the middle frame 19 and the display module 15; this application does not limit this. The printed circuit board PCB 17 can be made of flame-retardant material (FR-4) dielectric substrate, Rogers dielectric substrate, or a hybrid dielectric substrate of Rogers and FR-4, etc. Here, FR-4 is a designation for a flame-retardant material grade, and Rogers dielectric substrate is a high-frequency board. Electronic components, such as radio frequency chips, are carried on PCB 17. In one embodiment, a metal layer can be provided on the printed circuit board PCB 17. This metal layer can be used for grounding the electronic components carried on the printed circuit board PCB 17, or for grounding other components, such as bracket antennas, frame antennas, etc. This metal layer can be called a ground plane, grounding plate, or grounding layer. In one embodiment, this metal layer can be formed by etching metal onto the surface of any dielectric substrate in PCB 17. In one embodiment, the grounding metal layer can be located on the side of the printed circuit board PCB 17 near the middle frame 19. In one embodiment, the edge of the printed circuit board PCB 17 can be considered as the edge of its ground plane. In one embodiment, the metal frame 19 can also be used for grounding the aforementioned components. The electronic device 10 may also have other ground planes / grounding layers, as previously described, and will not be repeated here.

[0081] The electronic device 10 may also include a battery (not shown in the figure). The battery may be disposed between the middle frame 19 and the back cover 21, or between the middle frame 19 and the display module 15; this embodiment does not limit this. In some embodiments, the PCB 17 is divided into a motherboard and a daughterboard, and the battery may be disposed between the motherboard and the daughterboard. The motherboard may be disposed between the middle frame 19 and the upper edge of the battery, and the daughterboard may be disposed between the middle frame 19 and the lower edge of the battery.

[0082] The electronic device 10 may also include a bezel 11, which may be formed of a conductive material such as metal. The bezel 11 may be disposed between the display module 15 and the back cover 21 and extend circumferentially around the periphery of the electronic device 10. The bezel 11 may have four sides surrounding the display module 15 to help secure the display module 15. In one implementation, the bezel 11 made of metal can be directly used as the metal bezel of the electronic device 10, forming a metal bezel appearance suitable for industrial design (ID). In another implementation, the outer surface of the bezel 11 may also be made of a non-metallic material, such as a plastic bezel, forming a non-metallic bezel appearance suitable for non-metallic ID.

[0083] The middle frame 19 may include the frame 11. The middle frame 19, including the frame 11, is a single unit that supports the electronic components in the device. The cover plate 13 and the rear cover 21 respectively cover the upper and lower edges of the frame to form the housing of the electronic device. In one embodiment, the cover plate 13, the rear cover 21, the frame 11, and / or the middle frame 19 may be collectively referred to as the housing of the electronic device 10. It should be understood that "housing" may refer to part or all of any one of the cover plate 13, the rear cover 21, the frame 11, or the middle frame 19, or to any combination of the cover plate 13, the rear cover 21, the frame 11, or the middle frame 19.

[0084] The border 11 on the middle frame 19 can at least partially serve as an antenna radiator to receive / transmit radio frequency signals. This portion of the border serving as the radiator can have gaps between it and the rest of the middle frame 19, thereby ensuring a good radiation environment for the antenna radiator. In one embodiment, the middle frame 19 can have an aperture at this portion of the border serving as the radiator to facilitate antenna radiation.

[0085] Alternatively, the frame 11 may not be considered part of the middle frame 19. In one embodiment, the frame 11 may be connected to and integrally formed with the middle frame 19. In another embodiment, the frame 11 may include inwardly extending protrusions to connect with the middle frame 19, for example, by means of spring clips, screws, welding, etc. The protrusions of the frame 11 can also be used to receive feed signals, so that at least a portion of the frame 11 acts as a radiator of the antenna to transmit / receive radio frequency signals. A gap may exist between this portion of the frame acting as the radiator and the middle frame 19, thereby ensuring that the antenna radiator has a good radiation environment, enabling the antenna to have good signal transmission capabilities.

[0086] The back cover 21 can be made of metal; it can also be made of non-conductive material, such as a glass back cover, a plastic back cover, or other non-metallic back cover; or it can be made of both conductive and non-conductive materials. In one embodiment, the back cover 21, which includes conductive material, can replace the middle frame 19 and form an integral part with the frame 11, providing support for the electronic components in the whole device.

[0087] In one embodiment, conductive portions in the mid-frame 19 and / or rear cover 21 can serve as a reference ground for the electronic device 10, wherein the frame, PCB, etc. of the electronic device can be grounded through electrical connection with the mid-frame.

[0088] The antenna of the electronic device 10 can also be disposed within the frame 11. When the frame 11 of the electronic device 10 is made of a non-conductive material, the antenna radiator can be located within the electronic device 10 and positioned along the frame 11. For example, the antenna radiator can be positioned close to the frame 11 to minimize the volume occupied by the antenna radiator and to be closer to the outside of the electronic device 10, thereby achieving better signal transmission performance. It should be noted that "positioning the antenna radiator close to the frame 11" means that the antenna radiator can be positioned flush against the frame 11 or close to the frame 11, for example, there can be a small gap between the antenna radiator and the frame 11.

[0089] The antenna of electronic device 10 can also be housed inside the casing, such as a bracket antenna, a millimeter-wave antenna module, etc. Figure 1 (Not shown in the image). The clearance of the antenna disposed within the housing can be obtained by a slot / aperture on any of the middle frame, and / or side frame, and / or back cover, and / or display screen, or by a non-conductive gap / aperture formed between any of them. The clearance setting of the antenna can ensure the radiation performance of the antenna. It should be understood that the clearance of the antenna can be a non-conductive area formed by any conductive components within the electronic device 10, through which the antenna radiates signals to the external space. In one embodiment, the antenna 40 can be in the form of an antenna based on a flexible printed circuit (FPC), an antenna based on laser-direct-structuring (LDS), or a microstrip disk antenna (MDA), etc. In one embodiment, the antenna can also be a transparent structure embedded inside the screen of the electronic device 10, making the antenna a transparent antenna unit embedded inside the screen of the electronic device 10.

[0090] Figure 1 The electronic device 10 is shown only schematically, and the actual shape, size, and construction of these components are not subject to change. Figure 1 limited.

[0091] It should be understood that in the embodiments of this application, the side where the display screen of the electronic device is located can be considered as the front, the side where the back cover is located as the back, and the side where the frame is located as the side.

[0092] It should be understood that, in the embodiments of this application, when a user holds (typically vertically and facing the screen) an electronic device, the orientation of the electronic device is considered to have a top, bottom, left side, and right side.

[0093] With the development of mobile communication systems, the low-frequency range of the radio spectrum has become saturated. Millimeter-wave bands, however, possess abundant spectrum resources, thus offering solutions for high-speed wireless communication with low latency and high reliability. When multiple millimeter-wave antennas are arranged in an array (or module), for example, four antennas can be arranged in a 1×4 straight line, exhibiting excellent broadside characteristics and significantly improved radiation performance compared to a single antenna. Furthermore, to better receive and transmit signals, millimeter-wave antennas within electronic devices need to possess dual-polarization capabilities to receive communication information from different polarization directions. Due to their small size, millimeter-wave antennas can be placed in various locations within electronic devices. For instance, they can be mounted on the conductive frame of the device, or within a gap in the conductive frame. The plane of the millimeter-wave antenna (which can be understood as the plane of the radiator) can be perpendicular or parallel to the PCB plane within the electronic device, or even perpendicular or parallel to the back cover plane. By creating gaps in the conductive frame, the millimeter-wave module, and especially the radiator of the millimeter-wave antenna, can be brought closer to the external space of the electronic device, resulting in superior radiation performance. In another embodiment, the millimeter-wave module can also be disposed on the inner surface of a non-conductive housing, such as the inner surface of the black border area of ​​a display screen, or the inner surface of a non-conductive back cover. This allows the millimeter-wave module to radiate into the external space of the electronic device through the non-conductive housing. Since the conductive frame of the electronic device is used for other antennas, such as sub-6G antennas, and the internal space of the electronic device is limited due to the placement of circuit boards, batteries, and other components, it is necessary to design the millimeter-wave module of the electronic device to simultaneously achieve miniaturization and broadband performance.

[0094] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a millimeter-wave antenna provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0095] exist Figure 2In the millimeter-wave antenna shown, two feed points on the radiating patch can be used to generate radiation with two polarizations, such as horizontal and vertical polarization, so that the millimeter-wave antenna can receive electrical signals from different directions, thereby improving the quality of the received electrical signals (e.g., gain).

[0096] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another millimeter-wave antenna provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0097] like Figure 3 As shown, it is in Figure 2 Parasitic patches are stacked on top of the antenna structure shown. The size of the parasitic patches is approximately the same as that of the main radiating patches, so that the additional resonant frequency band generated by the parasitic patches is close to that generated by the main radiating patches, thereby expanding the operating bandwidth of the antenna structure.

[0098] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the electric field distribution of the antenna structure shown.

[0099] like Figure 4 As shown in (a), this represents the electric field distribution of the antenna structure when the main radiating patch generates radiation. Figure 4 At the moment shown in (a), the electric field between the main radiating patch and the floor is upward in the left region and downward in the right region.

[0100] like Figure 4 As shown in (b), this is the electric field distribution of the antenna structure when the parasitic patch generates radiation. Figure 4 At the moment shown in (b), the electric field between the main radiating patch and the parasitic patch is downward in the left region and upward in the right region.

[0101] Because the additional resonant frequency band generated by the parasitic patch is close to the resonant frequency band generated by the main radiating patch, the parasitic patch and the main radiating patch resonate simultaneously in the frequency band between their resonant points, such as... Figure 4 As shown in (c) in the diagram. In this frequency band, in the left region, the lower electric field (the electric field between the main radiating patch and the ground plane) is upward, and the upper electric field (the electric field between the main radiating patch and the parasitic patch) is downward. In the right region, the lower electric field is downward, and the upper electric field is upward. Because the upper and lower electric fields are opposite in direction, they cancel each other out, reducing the radiation efficiency of the antenna structure.

[0102] This application provides an antenna structure and electronic device that utilizes two different modes to extend the operating bandwidth of the antenna structure.

[0103] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure 100 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0104] like Figure 5 As shown, the antenna structure 100 may include a ground plane 110, a radiator 120, a feed stub 130, and a ground stub 140.

[0105] The floor 110 and the radiator 120 are spaced apart. The radiator 120 includes a connection area 121 and a feed point 122, such as... Figure 6 As shown. The distance between any point in the connection region 121 and the center of the radiator 120 is less than or equal to 0.05 × L, where L is the length of the radiator 120. The distance between the feed point 122 and the center of the radiator 120 is less than or equal to 0.35 × L.

[0106] In one embodiment, the radiator 120 is a patch-shaped radiator. In another embodiment, the radiator 120 can be rectangular, square, circular, or other shapes. The center of the radiator 120 can be understood as its geometric center. It should be understood that the radiator 120 can also be trapezoidal, triangular, or other irregular shapes; this application does not limit this and can determine the shape based on actual production or design. The center of the radiator 120 can be understood as the geometric center of the smallest rectangle enclosing the outline of the radiator 120. The length of the radiator 120 can be understood as its length in a first direction, wherein the length of the radiator 120 in the first direction is greater than or equal to its length in any other direction. In the embodiments of this application, a rectangular or square patch-shaped radiator is used as an example.

[0107] The first end of the grounding stub 140 is coupled to the radiator 120 in the connection region 121, and the second end of the grounding stub 140 is coupled to the floor, as shown below. Figure 7 As shown.

[0108] The first end of the feed stub 130 is coupled to the radiator 120 at the feed point 122, and the second end of the feed stub 130 is used to feed in an electrical signal. Figure 7In the illustrated embodiment, the second end of the feed branch 130 is shown to be located on the plane of the floor 110. It should be understood that this is merely a simplified illustration. In one embodiment, the second end of the feed branch 130 is coupled to a power supply, which may be located above or below the plane of the floor, or on the same plane. In one embodiment, the power supply and the floor may both be located on a printed circuit board and are not electrically connected to each other. In one embodiment, the power supply may be a radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC) chip within an electronic device. It should be understood that in the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application, the feed branch and the radiator; or the ground branch and the radiator; or the ground branch and the floor may be connected by indirect coupling or direct electrical connection. For the sake of brevity, the following embodiments will use direct electrical connection between the feed branch and the radiator; between the ground branch and the radiator; or between the ground branch and the floor as examples.

[0109] The length of the feed stub 130 between the floor 110 and the radiator 120 is greater than or equal to one-tenth of the first wavelength and less than or equal to one-quarter of the first wavelength, the first wavelength being the wavelength corresponding to the first frequency band (e.g., the resonant point or center frequency), and the operating frequency band of the antenna structure includes the first frequency band.

[0110] In one embodiment, the antenna structure 100 may further include a dielectric substrate 150, such as Figure 7 As shown. The radiator 120 can be disposed on the upper surface of the dielectric plate 150, and the floor 110 can be disposed on the lower surface of the dielectric plate 150.

[0111] It should be understood that, Figure 5 The antenna structure 100 shown can be configured to resemble a patch antenna. The first resonance can be generated through the TM01 mode of the patch antenna, and its current distribution is as follows: Figure 8 As shown in (a) above. Furthermore, by combining the feed stub 130 between the ground plane 110 and the radiator 120 with the radiator 120, the antenna structure 100 can form a monopole-like structure, utilizing the three-quarters mode of the monopole to generate a second resonance, with its current distribution as shown below. Figure 8 As shown in (b) above. The first resonance generated by the TM01 mode and the additional second resonance generated by the three-quarter mode can be used to extend the operating bandwidth of the antenna structure 100. In one embodiment, the first wavelength can be the wavelength corresponding to the resonant frequency band generated by the three-quarter mode of the antenna structure 100.

[0112] Meanwhile, the grounding stub 130 is electrically connected to the radiator 120 in the connection area 121, which allows part of the current generated by the antenna structure 100 in TM01 mode and three-quarters mode to be directed to the ground, so as to balance the radiation patterns generated by the two modes and make the radiation patterns generated by the two modes approximately the same.

[0113] Since the maximum radiation direction of the TM01 mode is the normal (perpendicular to the plane where the radiator 120 is located, for example, the z-direction), in order to make the maximum radiation directions of the three-quarter modes approximately the same and also located in the normal, the length of the feed stub 130 between the floor 110 and the radiator 120 is greater than or equal to one-tenth of the first wavelength and less than or equal to one-quarter of the first wavelength.

[0114] When the length of the feed stub 130 between the floor 110 and the radiator 120 is less than one-tenth of the first wavelength (e.g., 0.08 times the first wavelength), the radiation pattern produced by the antenna structure 100 is as follows: Figure 9 As shown in (a), the radiation pattern produces lobes, with the maximum radiation directions located on both sides of the z-direction.

[0115] When the length of the feed stub 130 between the floor 110 and the radiator 120 is greater than one-quarter of the first wavelength (e.g., 0.3 times the length of the first wavelength), the three-quarter wavelength mode dominates (is the primary radiation mode) between the TM01 mode and the three-quarter wavelength mode, and the radiation pattern generated by the antenna structure 100 is as follows. Figure 9 As shown in (b), the radiation pattern diverges, with the maximum radiation direction located around the z-axis.

[0116] When the length of the feed stub 130 between the floor 110 and the radiator 120 is greater than or equal to one-tenth of the first wavelength and less than or equal to one-quarter of the first wavelength (e.g., a length of 0.15 times the first wavelength), the radiation pattern produced by the antenna structure 100 is as follows: Figure 9 As shown in (c), the maximum radiation direction of the radiation pattern is located in the z-direction, indicating good radiation characteristics.

[0117] In one embodiment, the feed branch 130 between the floor 110 and the radiator 120 can be linear, such as... Figure 7 As shown in (a) of the diagram. When the distance between the floor 110 and the radiator 120 is less than one-tenth of the first wavelength, the feed stub 130 between the floor 110 and the radiator 120 can be bent, as shown in the diagram. Figure 7As shown in (b), the length of the feed stub 130 between the floor 110 and the radiator 120 is greater than or equal to one-tenth of the first wavelength and less than or equal to one-quarter of the first wavelength. It should be understood that the shape of the feed stub 130 between the floor 110 and the radiator 120 is not limited in this embodiment and can be adjusted according to actual production or design.

[0118] In one embodiment, an opening 111 may be provided on the floor 110. The second end of the power supply stub 130 may pass through the opening 111 and be electrically connected to the power supply unit of the electronic device. The area of ​​the opening 111 is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the power supply stub 130, so that the power supply stub 130 is not electrically connected to the floor 110.

[0119] In one embodiment, the feed point 122 includes a first feed position 1221 and a second feed position 1222, such as Figure 6 As shown. The line connecting the first feed position 1221 and the midpoint of the radiator 120, and the line connecting the second feed position 1222 and the midpoint of the radiator 120, form a certain angle. In one embodiment, the line connecting the first feed position 1221 and the midpoint of the radiator 120, and the line connecting the second feed position 1222 and the midpoint of the radiator 120, are perpendicular. In one embodiment, the distance between the feed point 1221 and the center of the radiator 120 is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 0.35 × L. In another embodiment, the distance between the feed point 1222 and the center of the radiator 120 is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 0.35 × L.

[0120] The configuration of the first feed position 1221 and the second feed position 1222 provides dual-polarized radiation for the antenna structure 100. This application does not limit the relative positional relationship between the first feed position 1221 and the second feed position 1222. As long as the first feed position 1221 and the second feed position 1222 meet the requirements of dual-polarized radiation, they can be used to implement the scheme of this application.

[0121] In one embodiment, the power supply stub 130 may include a first power supply element 131 and a second power supply element 132, such as Figure 5As shown. The lengths of the first feed element 131 and the second feed element 132 between the floor 110 and the radiator 120 are greater than or equal to one-tenth and less than or equal to one-quarter of the first wavelength. The first end of the first feed element 131 can be electrically connected to the radiator 120 at the first feed position 1221, and the first end of the second feed element 132 can be electrically connected to the radiator 120 at the second feed position 1222. When electrical signals are fed into the first feed position 1221 and the second feed position 1222, the polarization of the antenna structure 100 can be a first polarization and a second polarization that are mutually orthogonal. The mutually orthogonal first polarization and second polarization can enable the antenna structure 100 to receive electrical signals from different directions, thereby improving the performance of the electronic device (e.g., increasing the gain of the received electrical signal).

[0122] It should be understood that the perpendicularity between the line connecting the first feed position 1221 and the midpoint of the radiator 120 and the line connecting the second feed position 1222 and the midpoint of the radiator 120 can be interpreted as the lines being 90° ± 10° apart.

[0123] In one embodiment, the grounding branch 140 may include a plurality of grounding elements 141, such as Figure 10 As shown in (a) in the diagram. The first end of a plurality of grounding elements 141 is electrically connected to the radiator 120 in the connection area 121.

[0124] It should be understood that when the grounding stub 140 includes only one grounding element 141, the electrical connection between the first end of the grounding element 141 and the radiator 120 in the connection region 121 can be understood as the area where the end of the first end of the grounding element 141 and the radiator 120 are connected at least partially overlapping with the connection region 121. In one embodiment, the area where the end of the first end and the radiator 120 are connected includes the connection region 121, which can better balance the radiation patterns generated by the antenna structure 100 in TM01 mode and three-quarters mode, thereby improving the radiation performance of the antenna structure 100.

[0125] When the grounding branch 140 includes multiple grounding elements 141, the first end of the grounding element 141 being electrically connected to the radiator 120 in the connection region 121 can be understood as the ends of the first ends of the multiple grounding elements 141 being electrically connected to the radiator 120 at first positions, and the area enclosed by the multiple first positions at least partially overlapping the connection region 121. In one embodiment, the grounding branch 140 may include four grounding elements 141, such as... Figure 10 As shown in (b) of the diagram. The region enclosed by the four first locations in the radiator 120 at least partially overlaps with the connecting region 121. In one embodiment, the region enclosed by the four first locations includes the connecting region 121, which can better balance the radiation patterns generated by the antenna structure 100 in TM01 mode and three-quarters mode, thereby improving the radiation performance of the antenna structure 100.

[0126] It should be understood that, in one embodiment, the grounding branch 140 may also include two grounding elements 141, with the connecting line between the two first positions in the radiator 120 passing through the connecting region 121. Alternatively, in one embodiment, the grounding branch 140 may also include three grounding elements 141, with the triangular region formed by the three first positions in the radiator 120 at least partially overlapping the connecting region 121. For the sake of brevity, this application embodiment only illustrates the grounding branch 140 including four grounding elements 141 as an example. This application embodiment does not limit the number of grounding elements 141 and can be adjusted according to actual production or design.

[0127] In one embodiment, the first frequency band may include 24.25 GHz to 29.5 GHz (e.g., covering the bands of n257, n258, and / or n261), or 37 GHz to 43.5 GHz (e.g., covering the bands of n259, and / or n260). It should be understood that the technical solution provided in this application, utilizing the two resonances generated by the TM01 mode and the three-quarter wavelength mode, can extend the operating bandwidth of the antenna structure, making its relative bandwidth greater than or equal to 15%.

[0128] Figure 11 and Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure 200 from different viewing angles provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0129] Combination Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, the antenna structure 200 may include a ground plane 210, a first radiator 220, a second radiator 230, a first grounding stub 240, a second grounding stub 250, a first feed stub 260, and a second feed stub 270.

[0130] The first radiator 220 is located between the second radiator 230 and the floor 210, and is spaced apart from the second radiator 230 and the floor 210. In one embodiment, the first projection of the first radiator 220 on the floor 210 at least partially overlaps with the second projection of the second radiator 230 on the floor 210. In another embodiment, the first projection covers the second projection.

[0131] The first radiator 220 includes a first connection region 221 and a first feed point 222, such as Figure 12 As shown in (a) of the diagram. The distance between any point in the first connection region 221 and the center of the first radiator 220 is less than or equal to 0.05 × L1, where L1 is the length of the first radiator 220. The distance between the first feed point 222 and the center of the first radiator 220 is less than or equal to 0.35 × L1. In one embodiment, the distance between the first feed point 222 and the center of the first radiator 220 is greater than 0.

[0132] The second radiator 230 includes a second connection region 231 and a second feed point 232, such as Figure 12 As shown in (b) of the diagram. The distance between any point in the second connection region 231 and the center of the second radiator 230 is less than or equal to 0.05 × L2, where L2 is the length of the second radiator 230. The distance between the second feed point 232 and the center of the second radiator 230 is less than or equal to 0.35 × L2. In one embodiment, the distance between the second feed point 232 and the center of the second radiator 230 is greater than 0.05 × L2.

[0133] It should be understood that the length L2 of the second radiator 230 can be less than the length L1 of the first radiator 220. The resonant frequency generated by the second radiator 230 can be higher than the resonant frequency generated by the first radiator 220, which allows the antenna structure 200 to include more operating frequency bands and be suitable for more communication frequency bands.

[0134] The first end of the first grounding branch 240 is electrically connected to the first radiator 220 in the first connection region 221, and the second end of the first grounding branch 240 is electrically connected to the floor 320. In one embodiment, the first grounding branch 240 may include a plurality of grounding elements 241, such as... Figure 11 As shown. The first ends of the plurality of grounding elements 241 are electrically connected to the first radiator 220 in the connection region 221. It should be understood that when the first grounding branch 240 includes a plurality of grounding elements 241, the electrical connection of the first end of the grounding element 241 to the first radiator 220 in the first connection region 221 can be understood as the ends of the first ends of the plurality of grounding elements 241 being connected to the first radiator 120 at first positions, and the area enclosed by the plurality of first positions at least partially overlapping the first connection region 221, such as... Figure 12 As shown in (a) in the figure.

[0135] It should be understood that, for the sake of brevity, the embodiments of this application are only illustrated by the example of the first grounding branch 240 including four grounding elements 241. The embodiments of this application do not limit the number of grounding elements 241, and can be adjusted according to actual production or design.

[0136] The first end of the second grounding branch 250 is electrically connected to the second radiator 230 in the second connection region 231, and the second end of the second grounding branch 250 is electrically connected to the first radiator 220. It should be understood that when the second grounding branch 250 includes multiple grounding elements, it can also be understood in accordance with the above description of the first grounding branch 240 including multiple grounding elements.

[0137] It should be understood that, in one embodiment, when the second radiator 230 resonates, the current on the second radiator 230 can flow into the first radiator 220 through the second grounding member 250, and the first radiator 220 can serve as an equivalent ground for the second radiator 230.

[0138] The first end of the first feed branch 260 is electrically connected to the first radiator 220 at the first feed point 222, and the second end of the first feed branch 260 is used to feed in an electrical signal, such as... Figure 12 As shown in (a) of the diagram. The length of the first feed stub 260 between the floor 210 and the first radiator 220 is greater than or equal to one-tenth and less than or equal to one-quarter of the first wavelength, which is the wavelength corresponding to the first frequency band (e.g., the resonant point or center frequency).

[0139] The first end of the second feed branch 270 is electrically connected to the second radiator 230 at the second feed point 232, and the second end of the second feed branch 270 is used to feed in an electrical signal, such as... Figure 12 As shown in (b) of the diagram. The length of the second feed stub 270 between the second radiator 230 and the first radiator 220 is greater than or equal to one-tenth and less than or equal to one-quarter of the second wavelength, which is the wavelength corresponding to the second frequency band (e.g., the resonant point or center frequency), and the frequency of the second frequency band is higher than the frequency of the first frequency band.

[0140] In one embodiment, the operating frequency band of the antenna structure includes a first frequency band and a second frequency band, wherein the frequency of the second frequency band can be higher than the frequency of the first frequency band. Specifically, the resonant frequency band of the first resonance generated by the first radiator 220 may include the first frequency band, and the resonant frequency band of the second resonance generated by the second radiator 230 may include the second frequency band.

[0141] It should be understood that Figure 11 The antenna structure 200 shown is compared to Figure 5 The antenna structure 100 shown is modified by adding a second radiator 230, with the first radiator 220 serving as the equivalent ground plane when the second radiator 230 resonates. For example, the second radiator 230 and the first radiator 220, which acts as the equivalent ground plane, can form an antenna structure similar to... Figure 5 The antenna structure shown is such that the second radiator 230 resonates at a high frequency, so that the operating frequency band of the antenna structure 200 can include the second frequency band.

[0142] Simultaneously, generating resonance using radiators (first radiator 220 and second radiator 230) can include resonance generated by the TM01 mode and resonance generated by the three-quarters mode. Resonance generated by both modes can extend the bandwidth of the antenna structure 200 in the first and second frequency bands. In one embodiment, the first frequency band can include 24.25 GHz to 29.5 GHz (e.g., covering the bands of n257, n258, and / or n261), and the second frequency band can include 37 GHz to 43.5 GHz (e.g., covering the bands of n259, and / or n260).

[0143] In one embodiment, the first feed point 222 includes a first feed position 2221 and a second feed position 2222, such as Figure 12 As shown in (a) of the diagram. In one embodiment, the line connecting the first feed position 2221 and the midpoint of the first radiator 220 is perpendicular to the line connecting the second feed position 2222 and the midpoint of the first radiator 220.

[0144] In one embodiment, the first power supply branch 260 may include a first power supply element 261 and a second power supply element 262, such as Figure 11 As shown. The lengths of the first feed element 261 and the second feed element 262 between the floor 210 and the first radiator 220 are greater than or equal to one-tenth and less than or equal to one-quarter of the first wavelength. The first end of the first feed element 261 can be electrically connected to the first radiator 220 at the first feed position 2221, and the first end of the second feed element 262 can be electrically connected to the first radiator 220 at the second feed position 2222. When electrical signals are fed into the first feed position 2221 and the second feed position 2222, the polarization of the antenna structure 200 can be a first polarization and a second polarization that are mutually orthogonal. The mutually orthogonal first polarization and second polarization can enable the antenna structure 200 to receive electrical signals from different directions in the first frequency band, thereby improving the performance of the electronic device (e.g., increasing the gain of the received electrical signal).

[0145] In one embodiment, the second feed point 232 includes a third feed position 2321 and a fourth feed position 2322, such as Figure 12 As shown in (b) of the diagram. In one embodiment, the line connecting the third feed position 2321 and the midpoint of the second radiator 230 is perpendicular to the line connecting the fourth feed position 2322 and the midpoint of the second radiator 220.

[0146] In one embodiment, the second power supply branch 270 may include a third power supply element 271 and a fourth power supply element 272, such as Figure 11As shown. The lengths of the third feed element 271 and the fourth feed element 272 between the second radiator 230 and the first radiator 220 are greater than or equal to one-tenth and less than or equal to one-quarter of the second wavelength. The first end of the third feed element 271 can be electrically connected to the second radiator 230 at the third feed position 2321, and the first end of the fourth feed element 272 can be electrically connected to the second radiator 230 at the fourth feed position 2322. When electrical signals are fed into the third feed position 2321 and the fourth feed position 2322, the polarization of the antenna structure 200 can be mutually orthogonal third and fourth polarizations. The mutually orthogonal third and fourth polarizations allow the antenna structure 200 to receive electrical signals from different directions in the second frequency band, thereby improving the performance of the electronic equipment (e.g., increasing the gain of the received electrical signal).

[0147] In one embodiment, the first radiator 220 has a first opening 2711 and a second opening 2721. A portion of the third power supply component 271 may be disposed within the first opening 2711, passing through the first opening 2711 and electrically connected to the power supply unit of the electronic device, but not electrically connected to the first radiator 220. A portion of the fourth power supply component 272 may be disposed within the second opening 2721, passing through the second opening 2721 and electrically connected to the power supply unit of the electronic device, but not electrically connected to the first radiator 220.

[0148] In one embodiment, the grounding branch 140 includes a first grounding element 141, the first end of which is coupled to the first radiator 120 at a first location, the first location being located within a virtual circular region with the center line connecting the first opening 2711 and the second opening 2721 as its diameter.

[0149] In one embodiment, when the first grounding branch 240 may include multiple grounding elements 241, the multiple first locations on the first radiator 220 connected to the grounding elements 241 are centrally symmetrical (e.g., centrally symmetrical along the geometric center of the first radiator 220 or the area enclosed by the multiple first locations), such as... Figure 12 As shown in (a) of the diagram. It should be understood that the better the symmetry of the antenna structure 200, the better the radiation performance can be obtained. Furthermore, this embodiment only uses a square shape for the first radiator 220 as an example. In practical applications, the first radiator 220 can also be other shapes. When the first radiator 220 is centrally symmetrical, the multiple first positions are centrally symmetrical; when the first radiator 220 is non-centrally symmetrical, the multiple first positions are non-centrally symmetrical.

[0150] In one embodiment, between the floor 210 and the first radiator 220, the second feed branch 270 may be disposed within the space enclosed by the plurality of grounding elements 241, and the first feed branch 260 may be disposed outside the space enclosed by the plurality of grounding elements 241. Figure 13 As shown. It should be understood that the second feed stub 270 is disposed within the space enclosed by multiple grounding elements 241, which can limit the clutter signal when the second feed stub 270 feeds an electrical signal to the space enclosed by multiple grounding elements 241, and avoid interference with the electrical signal fed by the first feed stub 260. This can effectively improve the isolation between the two, thereby improving the performance of the antenna structure 200.

[0151] In one embodiment, the first radiator 220 includes a virtual circular region 223, wherein the virtual circular region 223 has a diameter defined by a line segment between the first opening 2711 and the second opening 2721. A first location on the first radiator 220 connected to the grounding member 241 is located within the virtual circular region 223. When the first grounding branch 240 includes multiple grounding members 241, at least one first location is located within the virtual circular region 223. It should be understood that since at least one first location is located within the virtual circular region 223, correspondingly, at least one grounding member 241 is provided between the third feed member 271 and the fourth feed member 272, which can reduce interference between the third feed member 271 and the fourth feed member 272 in the second feed branch 270, thereby providing good isolation between the electrical signals fed into the third feed member 271 and the fourth feed member 272. Meanwhile, at least one grounding element 241 is provided between the third power supply element 271 and the fourth power supply element 272, which can further reduce the mutual interference between the electrical signal fed into the second power supply branch and the electrical signal fed into the first power supply branch, and improve the isolation between the two.

[0152] It should be understood that at least one first position located in the virtual circular region 223 can be understood as the virtual circular region 223 at least partially overlapping with the first position. This can also be understood in similar descriptions below, and will not be repeated here.

[0153] In one embodiment, the region between the first opening 2711, the second opening 2721, the first feed position 2221, and the second feed position 2222 on the first radiator 220 includes at least one region on the first radiator 220 connected to the grounding element 241. It should be understood that providing at least one grounding element 241 between the first opening 2711, the second opening 2721, the first feed position 2221, and the second feed position 2222 can further reduce mutual interference between the electrical signals fed into the second feed stub and the electrical signals fed into the first feed stub, thereby improving the isolation between them.

[0154] In one embodiment, the antenna structure 200 may further include a first dielectric substrate 281 and a second dielectric substrate 282, such as Figure 13 As shown. The first radiator 220 can be disposed between the first dielectric plate 281 and the second dielectric plate 282, and the floor 210 can be disposed on the lower surface of the first dielectric plate 281 (the surface away from the first radiator 281). The second radiator 230 can be disposed on the upper surface of the second dielectric plate 282 (the surface away from the first radiator 281).

[0155] In one embodiment, the distance between the first radiator 220 and the ground plane 210 (the thickness of the first dielectric substrate 281) can be less than or equal to 0.5 mm. In one embodiment, the distance between the first radiator 220 and the second radiator 230 (the thickness of the second dielectric substrate 282) can be less than or equal to 0.5 mm. In one embodiment, the height of the antenna structure 200 (the distance between the second radiator 230 and the ground plane 210) can be less than or equal to 1 mm, and the antenna structure 200 has low profile characteristics.

[0156] In one embodiment, the first feed branch 260 between the floor 210 and the first radiator 220 can be bent, such as... Figure 13 As shown. For example, when the distance between the floor 210 and the first radiator 220 is less than one-tenth of the first wavelength, the first feed branch 260 between the floor 210 and the first radiator 220 can be bent so that the length of the first feed branch 260 between the floor 210 and the first radiator 220 is greater than or equal to one-tenth of the first wavelength and less than or equal to one-quarter of the first wavelength.

[0157] In one embodiment, the second feed stub 270 between the second radiator 230 and the first radiator 220 can be bent, such as... Figure 13 As shown. For example, when the distance between the second radiator 230 and the first radiator 220 is less than one-tenth of the second wavelength, the second feed stub 270 between the second radiator 230 and the first radiator 220 can be bent so that the length of the second feed stub 270 between the second radiator 230 and the first radiator 220 is greater than or equal to one-tenth of the second wavelength and less than or equal to one-quarter of the second wavelength.

[0158] It should be understood that the embodiments of this application do not limit the shape of the first feed branch 260 between the floor 210 and the first radiator 220, or the shape of the second feed branch 270 between the second radiator 230 and the first radiator 220, and can be adjusted according to actual production or design.

[0159] In one embodiment, the antenna structure 200 further includes at least one metal pillar 291, such as Figure 14As shown. In one embodiment, the metal post 291 may be disposed on the first medium plate and the second medium plate, and one end of the metal post 291 is electrically connected to the floor 210.

[0160] In one embodiment, the metal column 291 is located on the same side of the floor 210 as the first radiator 220 and the second radiator 230, but is not connected to the first radiator 220 and the second radiator 230. For example, in Figure 14 In the antenna structure shown, the first radiator 220 is disposed on the surface of the first dielectric substrate away from the ground plane 210, and the second radiator 230 is disposed on the surface of the second dielectric substrate away from the first radiator 220. The metal pillar 291 can be a bent structure, with the two bent parts of the metal pillar 291 respectively disposed on the adjacent side surfaces of the first and second dielectric substrates.

[0161] In one embodiment, the height (length in the z-direction) of the metal pillar 291 can be approximately the same as the distance between the second radiator 230 and the floor 210 (e.g., the deviation between the height of the metal pillar 291 and the distance between the second radiator 230 and the floor 210 is within ±10%), so that the height (length in the z-direction) of the antenna structure 200 is not too high, thereby achieving miniaturization of the antenna structure.

[0162] In one embodiment, the metal pillar 291 may include a portion extending along the z-direction and a portion extending along the x-direction or y-direction, which can increase the current path on the ground plane 210 while miniaturizing the antenna structure.

[0163] In one embodiment, when the antenna structure 200 includes a plurality of metal pillars 291, the plurality of metal pillars 291 are respectively disposed on different sides of the first radiator 220 and the second radiator 230, so that the first radiator 220 and the second radiator 230 are disposed within a virtual space enclosed by the plurality of metal pillars 291. At least one metal pillar 291 can be used to extend the ground plane 210 of the antenna structure 200, increase the current path on the ground plane 210, thereby reducing the impact of the small ground plane area on the impedance of the antenna structure 200 (a small ground plane area will result in the inability to confine the electromagnetic waves generated by the current on the ground plane, thereby causing interference to the electromagnetic waves in the operating frequency band of the antenna structure), thereby improving the radiation characteristics (e.g., operating bandwidth) of the antenna structure 200.

[0164] In one embodiment, the metal pillar 291 may be referred to as a matching metal pillar. The metal pillar 291 may be disposed on the side of the dielectric substrate (first dielectric substrate and second dielectric substrate) (e.g., the surface in the thickness direction of the first dielectric substrate, e.g., the surface in the z-direction) or disposed inside the dielectric substrate in the form of a metal through-hole. In one embodiment, portions of the first radiator 220 and the metal pillar 291 are respectively disposed on the surface of the first dielectric substrate. Portions of the second radiator 230 and the metal pillar 291 are respectively disposed on the surface of the second dielectric substrate.

[0165] It should be understood that the embodiments of this application are only illustrated by the example of an antenna structure including four matching metal pillars 291 disposed at the four corners of a dielectric substrate. In actual production or design, the number and position of the matching metal pillars 291 included in the antenna structure 200 can be adjusted, and the embodiments of this application do not impose any limitations on this. In one embodiment, the relevant technical solutions for the metal pillars 291 can also be applied to Figure 5 The antenna structure 100 shown is shown.

[0166] In one embodiment, the frame 11 of the electronic device 10 may have at least one gap 201, such as Figure 15 As shown. At least a portion of the antenna structure 200 can be disposed within the slot 201. This means that at least a portion of the antenna structure 200 is disposed between the conductors on both sides of the slot 201. In one embodiment, at least a portion of the antenna structure 200 is embedded in the frame 11. The width L4 of the antenna structure 200 is smaller than the width D of the frame 11, allowing the antenna structure 200 to be disposed within the slot 201 opened in the frame 11. Therefore, the key dimension in the miniaturized antenna structure 200 is the width L3. For increasingly thinner and lighter electronic devices, the width L3 of the antenna structure 200 can be less than 0.3 low-frequency wavelengths; for example, the low-frequency wavelength can be the wavelength corresponding to the lowest frequency of the operating frequency band. Taking an antenna structure 200 operating in a frequency band of 24.25GHz-29.5GHz (e.g., covering the bands of n257, n258, and / or n261) as an example, the width L3 (which can be understood as the width of the ground plane) of the antenna structure 200 can be less than 3.5mm, achieving miniaturization of the antenna structure 200, wherein the width of the first radiator is smaller than the width of the ground plane. It should be understood that an electronic device may include multiple antenna structures 200, such as... Figure 15 As shown.

[0167] In one embodiment, multiple antenna structures 200 can be respectively disposed in different slots 201, with a one-to-one correspondence between the multiple antenna structures 200 and the multiple slots 201. Alternatively, multiple antenna structures 200 can also be disposed in one slot 201. This application embodiment does not impose any limitations on this.

[0168] Figure 16 and Figure 17 yes Figure 14 The simulation results of the antenna structure 200 shown are illustrated. Among them, Figure 16 yes Figure 14 The S-parameter diagram of the antenna structure 200 shown is presented. Figure 17 yes Figure 14 The simulation results of the gain of the antenna structure 200 shown.

[0169] like Figure 16 As shown, with S11 < -10dB as the boundary, the first frequency band (S11) of the antenna structure (the resonant frequency band generated by the first radiator) may include 24.25GHz-29.5GHz (e.g., covering the frequency bands of n257, n258, and / or n261), and the second frequency band (S33) of the antenna structure (the resonant frequency band generated by the second radiator) may include 37GHz-43.5GHz (e.g., covering the frequency bands of n259, and / or n260).

[0170] Furthermore, since the second feed branch is located within the space enclosed by multiple grounding components, the high-frequency electrical signal fed into the second feed branch has good isolation from the low-frequency electrical signal fed into the first feed branch, which is less than -16dB within the operating frequency band.

[0171] like Figure 17 As shown, within the operating frequency bands (24.25GHz-29.5GHz and 37GHz-43.5GHz), the antenna structure has a gain greater than 3.2dBi and exhibits good radiation characteristics.

[0172] Figure 18 yes Figure 14 The radiation pattern of the antenna structure 200 shown.

[0173] like Figure 18 As shown in (a), the radiation pattern generated by the antenna structure at 27 GHz (with the first feed stub receiving the electrical signal) is located in the normal (z-direction), and the maximum radiation direction is 4.27 dBi.

[0174] like Figure 18 As shown in (b), the radiation pattern generated by the antenna structure at 40 GHz (with the second feed stub feeding the electrical signal) is located in the normal (z direction), and the maximum radiation direction is 5.48 dBi.

[0175] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna array 300 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0176] like Figure 18As shown, the antenna array 300 can serve as an antenna module, comprising multiple antenna elements. Each antenna element can be any of the antenna structures described in the above embodiments; for the sake of brevity, only one is used. Figure 14 The antenna structure 200 shown is used as an example for illustration. In practical applications, the structure of the antenna elements in the antenna array and the number of antenna elements can be adjusted according to actual production or design requirements. This application embodiment does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0177] like Figure 19 As shown, the antenna array 300 may include four antenna structures 200, and the ground planes of the four antenna structures 200 are electrically connected to each other to increase the current path on the ground plane, thereby reducing the impact of the small ground plane area on the impedance of a single antenna structure 200, and thus improving the radiation characteristics of the antenna array 300.

[0178] It should be understood that, in this embodiment of the application, for the sake of brevity, only four antenna structures 200 are arranged in a 1×4 array. In actual applications, they can be arranged in other ways, and this embodiment of the application does not limit this.

[0179] In one embodiment, the distance between adjacent antenna structures 200 can be greater than or equal to 3 mm (the minimum distance between adjacent antenna structures 200 can be understood as adjacent antenna structures 200 touching). Alternatively, in one embodiment, the distance between adjacent antenna structures 200 can be less than or equal to 6 mm (correspondingly, the length of the antenna structure 200 can be less than or equal to 6 mm to achieve miniaturization of the antenna structure 200), wherein the length of the first radiator is less than the length of the floor.

[0180] It should be understood that the distance between adjacent antenna structures 200 can be understood as the distance between the radiators of adjacent antenna structures 200, for example, the distance between the centers of adjacent first radiators (or second radiators).

[0181] In one embodiment, the antenna structures in the antenna array 300 can be coupled to ports of corresponding radio frequency (RF) chips within an electronic device to feed electrical signals. In one embodiment, the RF chip can include four high-frequency ports and four low-frequency ports. The four high-frequency ports can be coupled to second feed stubs of the four antenna structures respectively (e.g., the third and fourth feed stubs can share a single high-frequency port), and the four low-frequency ports can be coupled to first feed stubs of the four antenna structures respectively (e.g., the first and second feed stubs can share a single low-frequency port). In one embodiment, the RF chip can include eight high-frequency ports and eight low-frequency ports. The eight high-frequency ports can be coupled to corresponding third and fourth feed stubs in the four antenna structures respectively, and the eight low-frequency ports can be coupled to corresponding first and second feed stubs in the four antenna structures respectively.

[0182] Figure 20 and Figure 21 yes Figure 19 The simulation results of the antenna array 300 are shown in the figure. Among them, Figure 20 yes Figure 19 The S-parameter diagram of the antenna array 300 is shown. Figure 21 yes Figure 19 The simulation results of the gain of the antenna array 300 shown.

[0183] like Figure 20 As shown, with S11 < -10dB as the boundary, the low-frequency operating band of the antenna array can include 24.25GHz-29.5GHz (e.g., covering the bands of n257, n258, and / or n261), and the resonant band (S33) of the high-frequency operating band of the antenna array can include 37GHz-43.5GHz (e.g., covering the bands of n259, and / or n260).

[0184] like Figure 21 As shown, within the operating frequency bands (24.25GHz-29.5GHz and 37GHz-43.5GHz), the antenna array has a gain greater than 7.8dBi and exhibits good radiation characteristics.

[0185] Figure 22 yes Figure 19 The radiation pattern of the antenna array 300 shown.

[0186] like Figure 22 As shown in (a), the radiation pattern generated by the antenna array at 28 GHz is shown. The maximum radiation direction is located in the normal (z direction), and the maximum gain is 8.5 dBi.

[0187] like Figure 22 As shown in (b), the radiation pattern generated by the antenna array at 40 GHz is shown. The maximum radiation direction is located in the normal (z direction), and the maximum gain is 11.4 dBi.

[0188] Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0189] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0190] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the mutual coupling, direct coupling, or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the direct coupling or communication connection between devices or units may be electrical or other forms.

[0191] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An antenna structure, characterized in that, include: The first radiator includes a first connecting region and a first feed point. The distance between any point in the first connecting region and the center of the first radiator is less than or equal to 0.05 × L1, and the distance between the first feed point and the center of the first radiator is less than or equal to 0.35 × L1, where L1 is the length of the first radiator. The floor is spaced apart from the first radiator; A first grounding branch, the first end of which is coupled to the first radiator in the first connection area, and the second end of which is coupled to the floor; The first feed stub has a first end coupled to the first radiator at the first feed point. The length of the first feed stub between the first radiator and the ground is greater than or equal to one-tenth of the first wavelength and less than or equal to one-quarter of the first wavelength. The first wavelength is the wavelength corresponding to the first frequency band. The operating frequency band of the antenna structure includes the first frequency band.

2. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna structure also includes: The second radiator is located between the first radiator and the floor, and the second radiator faces the first radiator and is spaced apart. The length L2 of the second radiator is less than the length L1 of the first radiator.

3. The antenna structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The antenna structure also includes: a second grounding stub and a second feed stub; The second radiator includes a second connection region and a second feed point. The distance between any point in the second connection region and the center of the second radiator is less than or equal to 0.05 × L2, and the distance between the second feed point and the center of the second radiator is less than or equal to 0.35 × L2. The first end of the second grounding branch is coupled to the second radiator in the second connection area, and the second end of the second grounding branch is coupled to the first radiator; The second feed branch has its first end coupled to the second radiator at the second feed point.

4. The antenna structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second feed point includes a third feed position and a fourth feed position; The second feed branch includes a third feed element and a fourth feed element. The first end of the third feed element is coupled to the second radiator at the third feed position, and the first end of the fourth feed element is coupled to the second radiator at the fourth feed position. The length of the third feed element between the first radiator and the second radiator, and the length of the fourth feed element between the first radiator and the second radiator, are both greater than or equal to one-tenth of the second wavelength and less than or equal to one-quarter of the second wavelength. The second wavelength is the wavelength corresponding to the second frequency band. The operating frequency band of the antenna structure includes the second frequency band, and the frequency of the second frequency band is higher than the frequency of the first frequency band.

5. The antenna structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first grounding branch includes a first grounding element, and a first end of the first grounding element is coupled to the first radiator at a first position; The first radiator has a first opening and a second opening; The third power supply component passes through the first opening, and the fourth power supply component passes through the second opening; The first position is located within a virtual circular area whose diameter is the line connecting the centers of the first opening and the second opening.

6. The antenna structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first grounding branch includes a plurality of first grounding elements, which are coupled to the first radiator at corresponding first positions; the line connecting the plurality of corresponding first positions or the area enclosed by the plurality of corresponding first positions at least partially overlaps with the first connection area.

7. The antenna structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, Between the floor and the first radiator, the second power supply branch is disposed within the space enclosed by the plurality of first grounding elements, and the first power supply branch is disposed outside the space enclosed by the plurality of first grounding elements.

8. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that, The first end of the second grounding branch is coupled to the second radiator at the second position; The second position is located within a virtual circular area whose diameter is the line connecting the centers of the third and fourth power supply positions.

9. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The first feed point includes a first feed position and a second feed position; The first power supply branch includes a first power supply element and a second power supply element. The first end of the first power supply element is coupled to the first radiator at the first power supply position, and the first end of the second power supply element is coupled to the first radiator at the second power supply position.

10. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Both the first and second power supply components are bent at the portion between the first radiator and the floor.

11. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, The antenna structure also includes at least one metal pillar; At least one of the metal pillars is located on the same side of the floor as the first radiator; The metal column is coupled to the floor.

12. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The first frequency band includes 24.25GHz-29.5GHz, and / or the second frequency band includes 37GHz-43.5GHz.

13. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that, The width of the floor is less than or equal to 3.5 mm, and the width of the first radiator is less than the width of the floor.

14. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that, The length of the floor is less than or equal to 6 mm, and the length of the first radiator is less than the length of the floor.

15. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 2 to 14, characterized in that, The first projection of the first radiator on the floor overlaps the second projection of the second radiator on the floor.

16. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 2 to 15, characterized in that, The distance between the second radiator and the first radiator is less than or equal to 0.5 mm.

17. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 2 to 16, characterized in that, The distance between the second radiator and the floor is less than or equal to 1 mm.

18. An electronic device, characterized in that, The antenna structure includes any one of claims 1 to 12.

19. The electronic device according to claim 18, characterized in that, The electronic device includes an antenna module and a radio frequency chip. The antenna module includes multiple antenna structures, and each antenna structure is coupled to a corresponding port of the radio frequency chip. The electronic device also includes a frame; The frame has a first gap, and at least a portion of the plurality of antenna structures are disposed within the first gap.

20. The electronic device according to claim 18, characterized in that, The electronic device includes an antenna module and a radio frequency chip. The antenna module includes multiple antenna structures, and each antenna structure is coupled to a corresponding port of the radio frequency chip. The electronic device also includes a frame; The frame has multiple second slits, each of which corresponds to one of the antenna structures. At least a portion of the antenna structure is disposed within the corresponding second slit.

Images