A dust cleaning device suitable for a variable cross-section pipeline

Abstract

The application discloses a dust cleaning device suitable for a variable cross-section pipeline. A first passive self-adaptive module is connected with a main support module through a rotating pair, a second passive self-adaptive module is connected with the main support module through a rotating pair, a through branch pipe module is connected with the main support module through rigid fixing, the through branch pipe module is connected with the second passive self-adaptive module through rigid fixing, and the dust cleaning device is located in the inside of a pipeline to be cleaned and is driven and cleaned by wind power. The dust cleaning device can realize the purpose of increasing the flow speed in the pipeline by reducing the flow cross-section, can clean the pipeline wall by using the gas guided to the pipeline wall, can make up the related vacancy in the field of cleaning of combustible dust in the variable cross-section rectangular pipeline, and has the advantages of strong self-adaptive capacity, safety, simple structure and strong practicability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of combustible dust cleaning, and in particular relates to a dust removal device suitable for pipes with variable cross-sections. Background Technology

[0002] Combustible dust refers to dust, fibers, or lint that can burn or smolder in air and form an explosive mixture with air at normal temperature and pressure. When combustible dust suspended in the air reaches its explosive point, it will ignite upon contact with an ignition source, thus timely cleaning of accumulated dust in dust collection ducts is crucial.

[0003] Currently, most dust removal devices employ mechanical contact cleaning, but direct contact can generate static electricity and frictional heat, making them unsuitable for cleaning ducts containing combustible dust. Patent CN202121791032.X discloses a device for cleaning dust inside pipes, which increases airflow by reducing the flow area and directing the airflow to the pipe wall, thus achieving pipe purging. However, this device is unsuitable for variable cross-section pipes, has difficulty passing through branch pipes, and its function is relatively limited, insufficient to overcome practical problems. Existing technology lacks a rectangular variable cross-section dust removal device to solve the cleaning problem of combustible rectangular variable cross-section pipes, thereby filling the relevant gap in the field of combustible rectangular variable cross-section pipe cleaning. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems existing in the background art, the present invention aims to provide a dust removal device suitable for variable cross-section pipes. Through structural design, the device can effectively passively adapt to changes in the cross-section of rectangular / circular pipes, and can pass through pipe branches of a certain width. The gas velocity increases due to the reduced flow area of ​​the device and is guided to the pipe wall, thereby achieving pipe wall purging.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows:

[0006] The dust removal device includes a main support module, a first passive adaptive module, a second passive adaptive module, and a branch pipe module. The first passive adaptive module is rotatably connected to the rear end of the main support module via a rotary joint. The second passive adaptive module is movably connected to the main support module via a rotary joint. The branch pipe module is fixedly connected to the front end of the main support module and is connected to the second passive adaptive module. The dust removal device is located inside the pipe to be cleaned and is driven and cleaned by wind power. When the dust removal device is in the cleaning state, the first adaptive roller in the first passive adaptive module and the second adaptive roller in the second passive adaptive module are both in contact with the inner wall surface of the pipe to be cleaned.

[0007] The main support module includes two main fixing frames, an adaptive fixing frame, a windward plate, a branch pipe fixing frame, a movable frame, and several main rods. The two main fixing frames are arranged in parallel and spaced apart. The two ends of the main rods are fixedly connected to the two main fixing frames respectively. The main rods are provided with the movable frame, the branch pipe fixing frame, the windward plate, and the adaptive fixing frame in sequence from front to back. The movable frame is movably connected to the main rod along the axial direction of the main rod. The branch pipe fixing frame, the windward plate, and the adaptive fixing frame are all fixedly connected to the main rods.

[0008] The first passive adaptive module includes a first adaptive tension spring, an adaptive link, and a first adaptive roller. One end of the first adaptive tension spring is connected to the adaptive fixing frame in the main support module, and the other end of the first adaptive tension spring is connected to one end of the adaptive link. The first adaptive roller can be rolled along its own circumference and is mounted on the other end of the adaptive link. The middle part of the adaptive link is connected to the outer periphery of the windward plate through a revolute joint, so that the adaptive link swings back and forth in its own plane, thereby allowing the first adaptive roller to adaptively conform to the inner wall surface of the pipe to be cleaned and roll.

[0009] The second passive adaptive module includes four L-shaped angular adaptive blade groups, four edge adaptive blades, elastic connecting rods, a second adaptive tension spring, and a second adaptive roller. The four angular adaptive blade groups are evenly spaced along the circumference of the main support module. The edge adaptive blades are located in the same circumferential direction as the angular adaptive blade groups. The two sides of each edge adaptive blade are connected to the two adjacent angular adaptive blade groups through sliding pairs. The rear end of the edge adaptive blade is connected to the outer periphery of the windward plate in the main support module. The inner wall of the front end of the edge adaptive blade is connected to the movable frame through elastic connecting rods. One end of the second adaptive tension spring is connected to the through-branch fixing frame, and the other end of the second adaptive tension spring is connected to the movable frame. The side of the angular adaptive blade group away from the first passive adaptive module is also connected to the second adaptive roller through a torsion spring hinge.

[0010] The branch pipe module includes a rubber piston, a piston housing, a branch pipe connecting rod, a branch pipe roller, and a valve plate. One end of the rubber piston is fixedly connected to the branch pipe fixing frame in the main support module, and the other end of the rubber piston is movably connected to the cavity of the piston housing along the main rod axis via a sliding pair. The piston housing is fixedly connected to the sliding frame. One end of the branch pipe connecting rod is connected to the second adaptive roller in the second passive adaptive module, and the other end of the branch pipe connecting rod is connected to the branch pipe roller. A valve plate is connected to the inner wall of the piston housing on the side away from the rubber piston via a torsion spring hinge. The valve plate has a through hole in the middle for slow exhaust and normal intake of the branch pipe module.

[0011] The aforementioned angle adaptive blade assembly mainly consists of two angle adaptive blades connected by a revolute joint. Both the angle adaptive blade and the side adaptive blade are arranged along the axial direction of the main rod. The angle adaptive blade has an arc-shaped groove, and the side adaptive blade has an arc-shaped protrusion that matches the arc-shaped groove. When the side adaptive blade and the angle adaptive blade are connected by a sliding joint, the arc-shaped protrusion of the side adaptive blade can be movably connected to the arc-shaped groove of the angle adaptive blade, so that the side adaptive blade can be movably connected to the angle adaptive blade along the axial direction of the arc-shaped groove. The four angle adaptive blade assemblies and the four side adaptive blades form an irregular hexahedral structure with openings at both the front and rear ends.

[0012] Specifically, the irregular hexahedral structure has front and rear sides, which are parallel to each other. The adaptive blade assembly and edge adaptive blades form a variable, closed windward channel (i.e., the irregular hexahedral structure) that adapts to the duct cross-section size, preventing air leakage. The irregular hexahedral structure is also suitable for circular ducts.

[0013] The dust removal device includes four first passive adaptive modules, which are evenly distributed around the circumference of the main support module. The adaptive link is connected to the outer periphery of the windward plate through a rotary joint at the bending point, so that the adaptive link swings back and forth with its own bending point as the fulcrum.

[0014] The adaptive blade is connected to the windward plate in the main support module through a rotary joint, so that the adaptive blade can rotate around the boundary line between the windward plate and the adaptive blade, thereby adaptively changing the shape and size of the irregular hexahedral structure, and thus allowing the second adaptive roller to adaptively conform to the inner wall surface of the pipe to be cleaned and roll.

[0015] The first and second adaptive rollers are arranged at 45° angles apart along the direction of the main support module to ensure that the two types of adaptive rollers do not get stuck in the same branch pipe.

[0016] The through-hole in the valve plate makes the exhaust rate of the branch pipe module much smaller than the intake rate, with the exhaust rate being equal to 5% to 10% of the intake rate, so as to ensure that the irregular hexahedral structure does not suddenly increase in size.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0018] 1. This device can perform cleaning work inside combustible dust pipes. By utilizing fluid drive and non-contact cleaning, it avoids the complexity of the overall structure, reduces the overall weight, eliminates the safety hazards of direct contact cleaning, and has strong practicality.

[0019] 2. Through the coordinated operation of the first and second adaptive modules, this device can passively adapt to changes in the cross-section of rectangular / circular pipes within the design requirements.

[0020] 3. The device can pass through complex pipe branches effectively through the branch pipe module, avoiding the device from getting stuck in the branch pipe and thus stopping, ensuring the normal operation of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a rectangular variable cross-section dust removal device.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main support module of a rectangular variable cross-section dust removal device;

[0025] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the first passive adaptive module of a rectangular variable cross-section dust removal device;

[0026] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the second passive adaptive module of a rectangular variable cross-section dust removal device;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a rectangular variable cross-section dust removal device through a branch pipe module;

[0028] Figure 6 for Figure 5 AA section view;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a rectangular variable cross-section ash removal device via a pipe branch.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Main support module; 2. First passive adaptive module; 3. Second passive adaptive module; 4. Through-branch module; 5. Pipe; 1-1. Main fixing frame; 1-2. Adaptive fixing frame; 1-3. Windward plate; 1-4. Through-branch fixing frame; 1-5. Moving frame; 1-6. Main rod; 2-1. First adaptive tension spring; 2-2. Adaptive connecting rod; 2-3. First adaptive roller; 3-1. Angle adaptive blade; 3-2. Side adaptive blade; 3-3. Elastic connecting rod; 3-4. Second adaptive tension spring; 3-5. Second adaptive roller; 4-1. Rubber piston; 4-2. Piston housing; 4-3. Through-branch connecting rod; 4-4. Through-branch roller; 4-5. Valve plate. Detailed Implementation

[0031] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the system includes a main support module 1, a first passive adaptive module 2, a second passive adaptive module 3, and a branch pipe module 4. The first passive adaptive module 2 is rotatably connected to the rear end of the main support module 1 via a rotary joint. The second passive adaptive module 3 is movably connected to the main support module 1 via a rotary joint, allowing relative rotation. The branch pipe module 4 is fixedly connected to the front end of the main support module 1, and is connected to the second passive adaptive module 3. The dust removal device is located inside the pipe to be cleaned and is driven and cleaned by wind power. When the dust removal device is in the cleaning state, the first adaptive roller 2-3 in the first passive adaptive module 2 and the second adaptive roller 3-5 in the second passive adaptive module 3 are both in contact with the inner wall surface of the pipe to be cleaned.

[0033] Driven and cleaned by wind power, the wind acts on the windward plate 1-3 on the main support module 1 and the corner adaptive blade 3-1 and the side adaptive blade 3-2 in the second passive adaptive module 3, thereby achieving drive and relative movement between the modules, thus passively adapting to the cross-sectional changes of the rectangular pipe.

[0034] like Figure 2As shown, the main support module 1 includes two main fixing frames 1-1, an adaptive fixing frame 1-2, a windward plate 1-3, a branch pipe fixing frame 1-4, a movable frame 1-5, and several main rods 1-6. The two main fixing frames 1-1 are arranged in parallel and spaced apart. The two ends of the main rods 1-6 are respectively threadedly fixed to the two main fixing frames 1-1. The main rods 1-6 are provided with the movable frame 1-5, the branch pipe fixing frame 1-4, the windward plate 1-3, and the adaptive fixing frame 1-2 in sequence from front to back. The movable frame 1-5 is connected to the main rods 1-6 in a movable manner along the axial direction of the main rods 1-6 through a sliding pair. The branch pipe fixing frame 1-4, the windward plate 1-3, and the adaptive fixing frame 1-2 are all fixedly connected to the main rods 1-6.

[0035] In practice, the main mounting frame 1-1 is a triangular plate, and the front and rear ends of the three main rods 1-6 are respectively fixedly connected to the three corner points of the two main mounting frames 1-1 by threads. The airflow inlet is the rear direction of the device, and the airflow outlet is the front direction of the device.

[0036] like Figure 3 As shown, the first passive adaptive module 2 includes a first adaptive tension spring 2-1, an adaptive connecting rod 2-2, and a first adaptive roller 2-3. One end of the first adaptive tension spring 2-1 is connected to the adaptive fixing frame 1-2 in the main support module 1, and the other end of the first adaptive tension spring 2-1 is connected to one end of the adaptive connecting rod 2-2. The first adaptive roller 2-3 can be rolled along its own circumference and installed on the other end of the adaptive connecting rod 2-2. The middle part of the adaptive connecting rod 2-2 is connected to the outer periphery of the windward plate 1-3 through a rotary joint, so that the L-shaped adaptive connecting rod 2-2 swings back and forth in its own plane, thereby allowing the first adaptive roller 2-3 to adaptively conform to the inner wall surface of the pipe to be cleaned and roll.

[0037] When the first adaptive roller 2-3 contacts the pipe wall, as the cross-sectional dimensions of the wall change, the first adaptive roller 2-3 compresses the first adaptive tension spring 2-1 through the adaptive connecting rod 2-2. The elastic force generated by the first adaptive tension spring 2-1 allows the first passive adaptive module 2 to adapt to the changes in the pipe wall. The first passive adaptive modules 2 are evenly distributed at 90° to ensure that the dust removal device can travel inside the rectangular pipe. In specific implementation, the four first passive adaptive modules 2 are evenly spaced along the circumference of the main support module 1.

[0038] like Figure 4As shown, the second passive adaptive module 3 includes four L-shaped angular adaptive blade groups, four side adaptive blades 3-2, elastic connecting rods 3-3, a second adaptive tension spring 3-4, and a second adaptive roller 3-5. The four angular adaptive blade groups are evenly spaced along the circumference of the main support module 1. The side adaptive blades 3-2 are located in the same circumferential direction as the angular adaptive blade groups. The left and right sides of each side adaptive blade 3-2 are connected to the two adjacent angular adaptive blade groups through sliding pairs. The rear end of the side adaptive blade 3-2 is connected to the outer periphery of the windward plate 1-3 in the main support module 1. The inner wall of the front end of the side adaptive blade 3-2 is connected to the movable frame 1-5 through the elastic connecting rods 3-3. One end of the second adaptive tension spring 3-4 is connected to the through-branch fixing frame 1-4, and the other end of the second adaptive tension spring 3-4 is connected to the movable frame 1-5. The side of the angular adaptive blade group away from the first passive adaptive module 2 is also connected to the second adaptive roller 3-5 through a torsion spring hinge.

[0039] like Figures 5-6 As shown, the branch pipe module 4 includes a rubber piston 4-1, a piston housing 4-2, a branch pipe connecting rod 4-3, a branch pipe roller 4-4, and a valve plate 4-5. One end of the rubber piston 4-1 is fixedly connected to the branch pipe fixing frame 1-4 in the main support module 1. The other end of the rubber piston 4-1 is axially movable along the main rod 1-6 and connected to the cavity of the piston housing 4-2 via a sliding pair. The piston housing 4-2 is fixedly connected to the sliding frame 1-5. One end of the branch pipe connecting rod 4-3 is connected to the second adaptive roller 3-5 in the second passive adaptive module 3. The other end of the branch pipe connecting rod 4-3 is connected to the branch pipe roller 4-4. The valve plate 4-5 is connected to the inner wall of the piston housing 4-2 on the side away from the rubber piston 4-1 via a torsion spring hinge. The valve plate 4-5 has a through hole in the middle for the exhaust and intake of the branch pipe module 4.

[0040] The through hole in the center of valve plate 4-5 is small, which allows the branch pipe module 4 to slowly exhaust air and normally draw in air. For the whole device, it can shrink normally, but can only expand slowly.

[0041] The angle adaptive blade assembly mainly consists of two angle adaptive blades 3-1 connected by a revolute joint. The revolute joint enables the L-shaped angle adaptive blade assembly to expand and close, thereby changing the opening angle of the blade assembly. This allows the second adaptive roller 3-5 to adaptively conform to the inner wall surface of the pipe to be cleaned. Both the angle adaptive blade 3-1 and the side adaptive blade 3-2 are arranged along the axial direction of the main rod 1-6. The angle adaptive blade 3-1 has an arc-shaped groove, and the side adaptive blade 3-2 has a groove that matches the arc-shaped groove. When the side adaptive blade 3-2 and the corner adaptive blade 3-1 are connected by a sliding joint, the arc-shaped protrusion of the side adaptive blade 3-2 can be movably connected to the arc-shaped groove of the corner adaptive blade 3-1, so that the side adaptive blade 3-2 can be axially moved along the arc-shaped groove and connected to the corner adaptive blade 3-1. The four corner adaptive blade groups and the four side adaptive blades 3-2 form an irregular hexahedral structure with openings at both the front and rear ends, wherein the arc-shaped groove and the arc-shaped protrusion are both opened along the circumference of the irregular hexahedral structure.

[0042] The dust removal device includes four first passive adaptive modules 2, which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the main support module 1. The adaptive connecting rods 2-2 in the first passive adaptive modules 2 are "L-shaped". The L-shaped adaptive connecting rods 2-2 are connected to the outer periphery of the windward plate 1-3 through a rotary joint at the bending point, so that the L-shaped adaptive connecting rods 2-2 swing back and forth with their own bending point as the fulcrum.

[0043] The edge adaptive blade 3-2 is connected to the windward plate 1-3 in the main support module 1 through a rotary joint, so that the edge adaptive blade 3-2 can rotate around the boundary line between the windward plate 1-3 and the edge adaptive blade 3-2. Then, by changing the included angle of the angle adaptive blade group, the shape and size of the irregular hexahedral structure are adaptively changed, so that the second adaptive roller 3-5 can adaptively fit against the inner wall surface of the pipe to be cleaned and roll.

[0044] The first adaptive roller 2-3 and the second adaptive roller 3-5 are positioned 45° apart to ensure that neither type of adaptive roller gets stuck in the same branch pipe. The adaptive fixing frame 1-2 is connected to the adaptive connecting rod 2-2 via an adaptive tension spring 2-1, which allows the rotated rear adaptive connecting rod 2-2 to return to its proper position. Two angle adaptive blades 3-1 are connected by a revolute joint, allowing the angle adaptive blades to adapt to changes in angle. The angle adaptive blades 3-1 have arc-shaped grooves, allowing the angle adaptive blades 3-1 and the side adaptive blades 3-2 to slide relative to each other along the grooves, thus allowing the front and rear cross-sectional areas to change normally. The branch pipe roller 4-4 is rigidly connected to the branch pipe connecting rod 4-3, enabling the device to convert sliding friction into rolling friction when passing through bends.

[0045] The elastic force generated by the second adaptive tension spring 3-4 enables the second passive adaptive module 3 to adapt to changes in the pipe wall. The side adaptive blade 3-2 and the angle adaptive blade 3-1 are connected by a sliding joint, allowing them to move relative to each other along the groove. The angle adaptive blade 3-1 is connected to another adjacent angle adaptive blade 3-1 by a revolute joint, enabling the two angle adaptive blades 3-1 to rotate at a certain angle.

[0046] Working Principle: The device is placed inside the rectangular pipe to be cleaned. Gas is blown towards the windward plate 1-3, the corner adaptive blade 3-1, and the side adaptive blade 3-2, causing the entire device to move. The side adaptive blade 3-2 and the corner adaptive blade 3-1 guide the airflow to the pipe wall, forming a high-speed airflow to clean the pipe wall. If the pipe cross-section changes, since the first passive adaptive module 2 and the second passive adaptive module 3 are not linked, they can adapt to the change in pipe cross-section separately. For the first passive adaptive module 2, when the pipe becomes smaller, the adaptive linkage 2-2 is compressed downward, stretching the adaptive tension spring 2-1; when the pipe becomes larger, the restoring force generated by the adaptive tension spring 2-1 allows the adaptive linkage 2-2 to adapt to the pipe change. For the second passive adaptive module 3, when the pipe becomes smaller, the adaptive roller 3-5 moves closer to the center of the pipe, causing the angular adaptive blade 3-1 to compress downwards. The angular adaptive blade 3-1 moves closer to the center line of the side adaptive blade 3-2 through the arc groove, while simultaneously compressing the side adaptive blade 3-2 downwards. The side adaptive blade 3-2 moves downwards and bends the elastic connecting rod 3-3. The force generated drives the front moving frame 1-5 to move axially on the main rod 1-6. At this time, the adaptive tension spring 3-4 is stretched. Similarly, when the pipe becomes larger, the restoring force generated by the adaptive tension spring 3-4 makes the device as a whole adapt to the change in pipe diameter. When the device passes through a branch pipe, if the distance between the adaptive roller 3-5 and the branch pipe-passing roller 4-4 along the axial direction of the main rod 1-6 is greater than the width of the branch pipe, the adaptive roller 3-5 and the branch pipe-passing roller 4-4 will fall on either side of the branch pipe instead of inside it, allowing the device to pass through relatively easily. If the width of the branch pipe is slightly greater than the distance between the adaptive roller 3-5 and the branch pipe-passing roller 4-4 along the axial direction of the main rod 1-6, some of the adaptive roller 3-5 and the branch pipe-passing roller 4-4 will fall into the branch pipe simultaneously. The cross-sectional area of ​​the adaptive roller 3-5 will suddenly increase, but because the piston can only release air slowly, the device will not suddenly increase in size. At this point, as long as the speed is sufficient, the device can pass through the branch pipe normally. When the branch pipe-passing roller 4-4, which has fallen into the branch pipe, continues to advance and touches the branch pipe boundary, the piston can quickly draw in air, allowing the branch pipe-passing roller 4-4 to quickly come ashore. Figure 7 As shown.

[0047] This embodiment addresses the problem of cleaning combustible dust from variable cross-section rectangular pipes, making the cleaning process more reliable and thus filling a gap in the field of cleaning combustible dust from variable cross-section rectangular pipes.

[0048] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the present invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed.

Claims

1. A dust removal device suitable for variable cross-section pipes, characterized in that: It includes a main support module (1), a first passive adaptive module (2), a second passive adaptive module (3), and a branch pipe module (4); the first passive adaptive module (2) is rotatably connected to the rear end of the main support module (1) via a rotary joint, the second passive adaptive module (3) is movably connected to the main support module (1) via a rotary joint, the branch pipe module (4) is fixedly connected to the front end of the main support module (1), and the branch pipe module (4) is connected to the second passive adaptive module (3); the dust removal device is located inside the pipe to be cleaned, and is driven and cleaned by wind power. When the dust removal device is in the cleaning state, the first adaptive roller (2-3) in the first passive adaptive module (2) and the second adaptive roller (3-5) in the second passive adaptive module (3) are in contact with the inner wall surface of the pipe to be cleaned; The main support module (1) includes two main fixing frames (1-1), an adaptive fixing frame (1-2), a windward plate (1-3), a branch pipe fixing frame (1-4), a movable frame (1-5), and several main rods (1-6); the two main fixing frames (1-1) are arranged in parallel and spaced apart, and the two ends of the main rods (1-6) are fixedly connected to the two main fixing frames (1-1) respectively. The main rods (1-6) are provided with the movable frame (1-5), the branch pipe fixing frame (1-4), the windward plate (1-3), and the adaptive fixing frame (1-2) in sequence from front to back. The movable frame (1-5) can be moved back and forth along the axis of the main rods (1-6) and is connected to the main rods (1-6). The branch pipe fixing frame (1-4), the windward plate (1-3), and the adaptive fixing frame (1-2) are all fixedly connected to the main rods (1-6). The second passive adaptive module (3) includes four L-shaped angle adaptive blade groups, four side adaptive blades (3-2), an elastic connecting rod (3-3), a second adaptive tension spring (3-4), and a second adaptive roller (3-5). The four angle adaptive blade groups are evenly spaced along the circumference of the main support module (1). The side adaptive blades (3-2) are located in the same circumferential direction as the angle adaptive blade groups. The two sides of each side adaptive blade (3-2) are connected to the two adjacent angle adaptive blade groups through sliding pairs. The rear end of the adaptive blade (3-2) is connected to the outer periphery of the windward plate (1-3) in the main support module (1). The inner wall of the front end of the side adaptive blade (3-2) is connected to the moving frame (1-5) through the elastic connecting rod (3-3). One end of the second adaptive tension spring (3-4) is connected to the through branch pipe fixing frame (1-4), and the other end of the second adaptive tension spring (3-4) is connected to the moving frame (1-5). The side of the corner adaptive blade group away from the first passive adaptive module (2) is also connected to the second adaptive roller (3-5) through the torsion spring hinge. The branch pipe module (4) includes a rubber piston (4-1), a piston housing (4-2), a branch pipe connecting rod (4-3), a branch pipe roller (4-4), and a valve plate (4-5). One end of the rubber piston (4-1) is fixedly connected to the branch pipe fixing bracket (1-4) in the main support module (1), and the other end of the rubber piston (4-1) is axially movable along the main rod (1-6) and connected to the cavity of the piston housing (4-2) via a sliding pair. It is fixedly connected to the moving frame (1-5). One end of the through-branch connecting rod (4-3) is connected to the second adaptive roller (3-5) in the second passive adaptive module (3). The other end of the through-branch connecting rod (4-3) is connected to the through-branch roller (4-4). A valve plate (4-5) is connected to the inner wall of the piston housing (4-2) on the side away from the rubber piston (4-1) by a torsion spring hinge. A through hole is provided in the middle of the valve plate (4-5) for the exhaust and intake of the through-branch module (4).

2. The dust removal device for variable cross-section pipes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first passive adaptive module (2) includes a first adaptive tension spring (2-1), an adaptive link (2-2), and a first adaptive roller (2-3). One end of the first adaptive tension spring (2-1) is connected to the adaptive fixing frame (1-2) in the main support module (1), and the other end of the first adaptive tension spring (2-1) is connected to one end of the adaptive link (2-2). The first adaptive roller (2-3) can be rolled along its own circumference at the other end of the adaptive link (2-2). The middle part of the adaptive link (2-2) is connected to the outer periphery of the windward plate (1-3) through a rotary joint, so that the adaptive link (2-2) swings back and forth in its own plane, thereby allowing the first adaptive roller (2-3) to adaptably fit against the inner wall surface of the pipe to be cleaned and roll.

3. A dust removal device suitable for variable cross-section pipes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aforementioned angle adaptive blade group mainly consists of two angle adaptive blades (3-1) connected by a revolute joint. Both the angle adaptive blade (3-1) and the side adaptive blade (3-2) are arranged along the axial direction of the main rod (1-6). The angle adaptive blade (3-1) has an arc-shaped groove, and the side adaptive blade (3-2) has an arc-shaped protrusion that matches the arc-shaped groove. When the side adaptive blade (3-2) and the angle adaptive blade (3-1) are connected by a sliding joint, the arc-shaped protrusion of the side adaptive blade (3-2) can be movably connected to the arc-shaped groove of the angle adaptive blade (3-1), so that the side adaptive blade (3-2) can be movably connected to the angle adaptive blade (3-1) along the axial direction of the arc-shaped groove. The four angle adaptive blade groups and the four side adaptive blades (3-2) form an irregular hexahedral structure with openings at both the front and rear ends.

4. A dust removal device suitable for variable cross-section pipes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust removal device includes four first passive adaptive modules (2). The four first passive adaptive modules (2) are evenly distributed along the circumference of the main support module (1). The adaptive link (2-2) is connected to the outer periphery of the windward plate (1-3) through a rotary joint at the bending point, so that the adaptive link (2-2) swings back and forth with its own bending point as the fulcrum.

5. A dust removal device suitable for variable cross-section pipes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adaptive blade (3-2) is connected to the windward plate (1-3) in the main support module (1) through a rotary joint, so that the adaptive blade (3-2) can rotate around the boundary line between the windward plate (1-3) and the adaptive blade (3-2), thereby adaptively changing the shape and size of the irregular hexahedral structure, and thus allowing the second adaptive roller (3-5) to adaptively fit against the inner wall surface of the pipe to be cleaned and roll.

6. A dust removal device suitable for variable cross-section pipes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first adaptive roller (2-3) and the second adaptive roller (3-5) are arranged at a 45° angle to each other along the direction of the main support module (1).

7. A dust removal device suitable for variable cross-section pipes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The through hole in the valve plate (4-5) makes the exhaust rate of the branch pipe module (4) less than the intake rate, and the exhaust rate is equal to 5%~10% of the intake rate.

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