Device and method for forming carbon fiber grid composite reinforced metal materials based on SLM technology

Abstract

The present invention discloses a device and method for realizing the forming of carbon fiber mesh composite reinforced metal materials based on SLM technology, wherein the device includes a forming chamber, a forming cylinder, a powder supply cylinder, a powder spreading system, a laser system, a circulation system and a feeding system; the powder spreading system is used to transport powder to the forming cylinder; the feeding system is used to transport the carbon fiber mesh during the processing; the laser system is used to emit laser and control the movement of the light spot to melt the raw material; the circulation system is used to provide an oxygen-free environment and appropriate airflow. The device of the present invention can realize the stacking of powder-carbon fiber mesh-powder, and form a stacking manufacturing with powder-carbon fiber mesh-powder as a processing layer under the action of laser scanning. The method can simplify the preparation process of carbon fiber composite reinforced metal materials, reduce the cost of raw materials and material waste, and at the same time, can manufacture carbon fiber composite reinforced metal material parts with complex structure, high precision and uniform material distribution.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of metal 3D printing technology, and specifically relates to a device and method for realizing the forming of carbon fiber grid composite reinforced metal materials based on SLM technology. Background Art

[0002] Selective laser melting (SLM) is one of the most widely used metal additive manufacturing technologies. This technology slices a 3D model into layers to generate data for each layer. Based on this data, a high-energy-density laser beam is used to scan and melt the metal powder. Once the metal powder solidifies, it forms a processing layer, which is then stacked layer by layer to create a solid part. SLM technology offers advantages such as simple process, high material utilization, flexible production processes, high degree of customization, and short design cycles. It has found widespread application in the automotive, aerospace, energy, industrial, and medical fields.

[0003] Carbon fiber is a filamentary carbon material. It is a microcrystalline graphite material obtained by carbonizing and graphitizing organic fibers. It has a diameter of 5-10 μm and a carbon content of over 90%. It possesses excellent properties such as high strength, high elastic modulus, lightweight, high and low temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, and fatigue resistance. It is widely used in aerospace, defense, energy, and transportation. Lightweighting technology is one of the most effective engineering approaches to reduce fuel consumption, emissions, and the range of new energy vehicles. Currently, using carbon fiber composite-reinforced metal materials to partially replace traditional metal materials is one of the most effective methods for achieving lightweighting in automobiles. Carbon fiber composite-reinforced metal materials are composite materials composed of carbon fibers or carbon fiber fabrics as reinforcements and a metal or other material as a matrix. Carbon fiber is a brittle material and is generally not used alone except as a thermal insulation material. However, when added to a matrix material as a reinforcement to form a composite material, it can effectively enhance the mechanical properties of the matrix material while reducing the weight of the material at the same strength.

[0004] To achieve good infiltration and bonding between the molten metal matrix and carbon fibers during the printing process, and to produce carbon fiber composite reinforcements with complex structures and uniform composition, researchers at home and abroad have developed a variety of preparation processes, including solid-state methods (diffusion bonding and powder metallurgy) and liquid-state methods (squeeze casting, stir casting, and pressureless infiltration). Furthermore, with the advancement of additive manufacturing technology, researchers have also developed processes for preparing carbon fiber composite reinforcements using additive manufacturing. Unlike traditional preparation methods, additive manufacturing can directly produce carbon fiber composite reinforcement parts, significantly simplifying the process and reducing material waste. Currently, there are two common additive manufacturing processes for preparing carbon fiber composite reinforcements: continuous fiber composite reinforcement and short fiber composite reinforcement. These two methods, respectively, incorporate continuous carbon fiber filaments and chopped carbon fibers as reinforcement phases into the powder feedstock to enhance the matrix material. The former, due to its use of wire-feed directed energy deposition, results in relatively low precision of the finished parts. The latter, however, suffers from high raw material preparation costs, uneven mixing of the chopped carbon fibers with the metal powder, and susceptibility to damage by laser energy during processing. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies of the existing technology and provide a device and method for forming carbon fiber grid composite reinforced metal materials based on SLM technology. The present invention adopts a double feeding method to optimize the manufacturing process of carbon fiber grid reinforced metal materials, reduce material waste, and ensure the uniformity of carbon fiber materials in metal matrix materials, so as to enhance the mechanical properties of metal materials, reduce material density, and achieve high performance and lightweight products.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] In the first aspect, the present invention provides a device for realizing the forming of carbon fiber mesh composite reinforced metal materials based on SLM technology, comprising a forming bin, a powder dropping cylinder, a forming cylinder, a powder supply cylinder, a powder spreading system, a feeding system, a laser system and a circulation system; the powder dropping cylinder, the forming cylinder, the powder supply cylinder, the powder spreading system and the feeding system are all present in the forming bin; the powder spreading system comprises a scraper and a guide rail, and the scraper moves driven by the guide rail; the feeding system comprises a feeding shaft and a receiving shaft, which are used to convey the carbon fiber mesh cloth during the processing, and the carbon fiber mesh cloth is placed on the forming cylinder after passing through the feeding shaft and the receiving shaft in turn; the carbon fiber mesh cloth comprises a continuous carbon fiber mesh part and a hollow part; the laser system comprises a laser, a galvanometer and a field mirror; the circulation system comprises a gas cylinder, a fan, an air outlet and an air inlet.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution, the feeding shaft and the receiving shaft are symmetrically installed below the top surface of the forming cylinder, in the powder dropping cylinders on both sides of the forming cylinder.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution, the receiving shaft is a driving shaft connected to the motor, and the feeding shaft is a driven shaft with resistance.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution, the scraper is arranged above the forming cylinder and the powder supply cylinder, and the scraper moves horizontally in the forming bin driven by the guide rail.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution, the laser is arranged above the forming chamber, and the laser emitted by the laser is irradiated onto the forming cylinder through the galvanometer and the field lens, with the laser focus being on the upper surface of the carbon fiber mesh cloth.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution, the forming cylinder and the powder supply cylinder are both provided with a base plate and a guide rod. Under the action of the driving device, the base plate can move up and down along the guide rod.

[0013] As an optimal technical solution, the powder dropping cylinder is in a "C-shape", wrapping the forming cylinder, and is used to recover excess powder during the scraper powder spreading process and powder stuck on the carbon fiber mesh cloth. The bottom of the powder dropping cylinder has a certain slope to facilitate the discharge of powder from the powder dropping port.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution, the intersection of the top surface of the forming cylinder and the powder dropping cylinder is rounded to achieve a guiding effect on the carbon fiber mesh cloth.

[0015] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for forming a carbon fiber grid composite reinforced metal material based on SLM technology, comprising the following steps:

[0016] S1. Slice the part according to the thickness of the three-layer carbon fiber mesh cloth, plan the scanning path based on the slice shape, determine the process parameters, and then import the path information and process parameters into the equipment control software;

[0017] S2. Lower the powder feeding cylinder to a sufficient height and fill it with metal powder; install a sufficient amount of carbon fiber mesh on the feeding shaft and the receiving shaft, and control the rotation of the receiving shaft to make the carbon fiber mesh close to the upper surface of the forming cylinder, and align the last hollowed area with the forming cylinder;

[0018] S3, sealing and forming and filling the environment with protective gas through the circulation system to remove oxygen from the environment and provide appropriate airflow to blow away the splashes generated during the printing process;

[0019] S4. Start printing the parts. The printing process can be divided into several steps:

[0020] S4.1. The powder supply cylinder base rises to the height of two layers of carbon fiber mesh cloth. The guide rail drives the scraper to push the powder forward so that the hollow area is covered with powder. The excess powder falls into the powder drop cylinder.

[0021] S4.2. The forming cylinder baseplate descends one layer of carbon fiber mesh cloth, and the carbon fiber mesh cloth moves to the continuous carbon fiber mesh area under the rotation of the driving shaft;

[0022] S4.3. The laser scans the carbon fiber mesh along the inner side of the forming cylinder and causes the carbon fiber mesh of the same size as the forming cylinder to fall off the carbon fiber mesh;

[0023] S4.4. The forming cylinder baseplate descends by one layer of carbon fiber mesh cloth, and the detached carbon fiber mesh descends accordingly. The powder supply cylinder baseplate ascends by two layers of carbon fiber mesh cloth. The guide rail drives the scraper to push the powder forward, filling the hollowed area with powder. The excess powder falls into the powder drop cylinder.

[0024] S4.5. The laser melts the metal powder according to the preset path of the slicing file and firmly bonds it to the substrate. The forming cylinder baseplate descends to the height of the carbon fiber mesh cloth.

[0025] S4.6. Repeat the above steps S4.1-S4.5 to stack the parts layer by layer until the part is printed.

[0026] As a preferred technical solution, there is a pre-made hollow area when processing the first layer of the part. The new hollow area formed in step S4.3 during the subsequent processing will become the hollow area required in step S4.1 during the next layer printing process.

[0027] As an optimal technical solution, when feeding the powder cylinder of S4.1 and S4.4, the substrate rising height should be greater than the height of one layer of carbon fiber mesh cloth to ensure that the powder can completely cover the entire hollow area. The height of two layers of carbon fiber mesh is recommended.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0029] This paper proposes a novel additive manufacturing process for preparing carbon fiber composite-reinforced materials. This process involves alternating layers of carbon fiber mesh and metal powder, then laser melting them to form a single layer. This layer-by-layer stacking process then produces carbon fiber composite-reinforced metal parts. This process significantly simplifies the preparation of carbon fiber composite-reinforced metal materials, reducing material waste. Furthermore, the in-situ mixing of the two materials during molding reduces the cost of composite material preparation. Furthermore, it enables the production of carbon fiber composite-reinforced metal parts with complex structures, high precision, uniform material distribution, low density, and high strength. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0031] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a device for forming a carbon fiber grid composite reinforced metal material according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a front cross-sectional view of the processing state of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a powder dropping cylinder according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the carbon fiber grid layout according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the processing of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Explanation of the accompanying figures: 1. Laser; 2. Laser; 3. Guide rail; 4. Scraper; 5. Feed shaft; 6. Carbon fiber mesh cloth; 7. Receiving shaft; 8. Powder dropping cylinder; 8-1. Bottom of powder dropping cylinder; 8-2. Powder outlet; 9. Forming cylinder; 10. Feed cylinder; 11-1. Powder raw material; 11-2. Continuous carbon fiber mesh part; 11-3. Processed parts; 11-4. Mixture; 11-5. Excess powder; 12. Substrate; 13. Guide rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] In order to make the purpose and technical solution of the present invention clearer and easier to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer" and the like, indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate description and simplify the description of the present invention. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed to indicate or imply relative importance or to implicitly indicate the number of the technical features referred to. Thus, features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood broadly, meaning, for example, fixed, removable, or integral; mechanically or electrically; directly or indirectly through an intermediary; or internally between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0040] See also Figure 1-Figure 3 , this embodiment provides a device for realizing the forming of carbon fiber mesh composite reinforced metal materials based on SLM technology, which includes a forming bin, a powder dropping cylinder 7, a forming cylinder 9, a powder supply cylinder 10, a powder spreading system, a feeding system, a laser system and a circulation system; the powder dropping cylinder 7, the forming cylinder 9, the powder supply cylinder 10, the powder spreading system and the feeding system are all present in the forming bin; the powder spreading system includes a scraper 3 and a guide rail 4, and the scraper 3 moves driven by the guide rail 4; the feeding system includes a feeding shaft 5 and a receiving shaft 7, which are used to transport carbon fiber mesh cloth 6 during the processing process, and the carbon fiber mesh cloth 6 is placed on the forming cylinder after passing through the feeding shaft and the receiving shaft in turn; the laser system includes a laser 1, a galvanometer and a field mirror; the circulation system includes a gas cylinder, an air outlet and an air inlet.

[0041] It can be understood that the powder laying system is used to transport powder to the forming cylinder; the feeding system is used to transport the carbon fiber mesh cloth 6 during the processing; the laser system is used to emit laser and control the movement of the light spot to melt the raw materials laid on the forming cylinder; the circulation system is used to provide an oxygen-free environment and appropriate airflow.

[0042] Furthermore, the laser system includes a laser 1, a galvanometer and a field lens. The laser 1 is arranged above the forming chamber, and the laser 2 emitted by the laser 1 is irradiated onto the forming cylinder 9 through the galvanometer and the field lens, and the laser focus is on the upper surface of the carbon fiber mesh cloth 6.

[0043] Furthermore, the guide rail 3, scraper 4, and carbon fiber mesh cloth 6 are arranged in the upper half of the forming chamber. The guide rail 3 is fixed to the rear wall of the forming chamber and connected to the scraper 4. The bottom of the scraper 4 is in close contact with the upper surface of the carbon fiber mesh cloth 6. Specifically, the scraper 3 is arranged above the forming cylinder 9 and the powder supply cylinder 10. Driven by the guide rail 4, the scraper 3 moves horizontally in the forming chamber.

[0044] Furthermore, the powder dropping cylinder 8, forming cylinder 9 and feeding cylinder 10 are arranged in the lower half of the forming bin; there are guide rods 13 connected to the base plate 12 inside the forming cylinder 9 and the feeding cylinder 10, and the rise and fall of the base plate are controlled by the control system to realize powder supply and to make the processed parts fall to ensure that the position of the processing plane relative to the laser remains unchanged.

[0045] Further, refer to Figure 2 The powder dropping cylinder 8 is in a "C-shape", with a feeding shaft 5 and a receiving shaft 7 symmetrically arranged inside. The bottom 8-1 of the powder dropping cylinder has a certain slope to facilitate the discharge of powder from the powder outlet 8-2 (the powder outlet 8-2 is the lowest point). The intersection of the top surface of the forming cylinder 9 and the powder dropping cylinder 8 is rounded to achieve a guiding effect on the carbon fiber mesh cloth 6.

[0046] In this embodiment, the receiving shaft 5 is a driving shaft connected to the motor, and the feeding shaft 7 is a driven shaft with a certain resistance and can rotate freely. Through the cooperation of the receiving shaft 5 and the feeding shaft 7, the carbon fiber mesh can be transported smoothly, thereby ensuring the molding quality.

[0047] See also Figure 4 The carbon fiber mesh cloth 6 can be divided into two parts: the shaded area in the figure is the continuous carbon fiber mesh portion, and the white area is the hollow portion. By laser scanning the boundary where the continuous carbon fiber mesh cloth 6 overlaps with the forming cylinder, the overlapping portion is detached from the continuous carbon fiber mesh portion and serves as the carbon fiber layer during the printing process, thereby forming a hollow portion. Through the hollow portion, powder can be laid onto the substrate or the formed substrate. When a processing layer is printed, the hollow portion is recovered by the receiving shaft as the processing residue as the receiving shaft rotates, and the feeding shaft end provides a new continuous carbon fiber mesh, and this cycle repeats.

[0048] Furthermore, in order to ensure that the first layer of powder can directly contact and stably connect with the substrate (to avoid warping during processing), a hollow part should be pre-made when processing the first layer.

[0049] Furthermore, when using the carbon fiber mesh cloth 6, the hollow portion of an area should be removed by laser scanning first. In subsequent use, it is only necessary to align the hollow portion formed last in the previous printing process to the top of the forming cylinder.

[0050] See also Figure 3During the processing, the powder dropping cylinder 8, the forming cylinder 9, and the powder supply cylinder 10 store processing raw materials, processing waste materials, and processing parts. The powder dropping cylinder 8 contains excess powder 11-5, and the forming cylinder 9 contains three types of materials, namely, a continuous carbon fiber mesh part 11-2, a processed part 11-3, and a mixture 11-4 of carbon fiber mesh cloth 6 and powder. The supply cylinder 10 contains powder raw materials 11-1.

[0051] It is understood that the device of the present invention is equipped with a control system for controlling the start and stop of laser 1, the scanning trajectory of laser 2, the forward and backward movement of scraper 3, the substrate raising and lowering of forming cylinder 9 and powder supply cylinder 10, the rotation of material receiving shaft 7, and the supply and exhaust of gas in the circulation system during the printing process. This control system adopts the control system commonly used in SLM equipment. This control system is not the innovative point of this patent and will not be described in detail here.

[0052] In another embodiment of the present invention, a method for implementing a device for forming a carbon fiber grid composite reinforced metal material based on SLM technology is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0053] S1. Slice the part into 3 layers of carbon fiber mesh cloth 6 thick, plan the scanning path according to the slice shape, determine the process parameters such as laser power, scanning speed, scanning spacing and layer thickness, and then import the path information and process parameters into the equipment control software;

[0054] S2. Lower the powder supply cylinder to a sufficient height and fill it with metal powder. Figure 4 , install a sufficient amount of carbon fiber mesh cloth 6 on the feeding shaft 5 and the receiving shaft 7, and control the rotation of the receiving shaft 7 to make the carbon fiber mesh cloth 6 close to the upper surface of the forming cylinder 9, and align the last hollow area with the forming cylinder (that is, there is no hollow area at the end of the feeding shaft at this time);

[0055] S3, sealing and forming and filling the environment with protective gas through the circulation system to remove oxygen from the environment and provide appropriate airflow to blow away the splashes generated during the printing process;

[0056] S4, start printing the parts, see Figure 5 , the printing process can be divided into several steps:

[0057] S4.1. The base of the powder supply cylinder 10 rises to the height of two layers of carbon fiber mesh cloth 6. The guide rail 3 drives the scraper 4 to push the powder forward until the hollow area is covered with powder. The excess powder falls into the powder drop cylinder 8.

[0058] S4.2. The base of the forming cylinder 9 descends one layer of the carbon fiber mesh 6. The carbon fiber mesh 6 moves to the continuous carbon fiber mesh area under the rotation of the driving shaft 8.

[0059] S4.3. Laser 2 scans the carbon fiber mesh 6 along the inner side of the forming cylinder 9 and causes the carbon fiber mesh of the same size as the forming cylinder to fall off the carbon fiber mesh 6. At this time, a new hollow area is formed on the carbon fiber mesh 6.

[0060] S4.4: The baseplate of the forming cylinder 9 descends to a certain height, and the detached carbon fiber mesh descends with it. The baseplate of the powder supply cylinder 10 ascends to the height of two layers of carbon fiber mesh cloth 6. The guide rail 3 drives the scraper 4 to push the powder forward, filling the hollowed area with powder. The excess powder falls into the powder drop cylinder 8.

[0061] S4.5. The laser melts the metal powder according to the preset path of the slicing file and firmly combines it with the matrix. The base plate of the forming cylinder 9 descends to the height of one layer of carbon fiber mesh cloth 6.

[0062] S4.6. Repeat the above steps to achieve layer-by-layer stacking of parts until the part is printed.

[0063] Furthermore, in the above steps, there is a pre-made hollow area when processing the first layer of the part. The new hollow area formed in step S4.3 in the subsequent processing process will become the hollow area required in step S4.1 during the next layer printing process.

[0064] Furthermore, in the above steps, when the feeding cylinder 10 feeds, the substrate should be raised to a height greater than the height of one layer of carbon fiber mesh cloth 6 to ensure that the powder can completely cover the entire hollow area. The height of two layers of carbon fiber mesh is recommended.

[0065] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0066] The above embodiments are preferred implementation modes of the present invention, but the implementation modes of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments. Any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not deviate from the spirit and principles of the present invention should be considered as equivalent replacement methods and are included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for forming carbon fiber grid composite reinforced metal materials based on SLM technology, characterized in that: The invention comprises a forming bin, a powder dropping cylinder (8), a forming cylinder (9), a powder supply cylinder (10), a powder spreading system, a feeding system, a laser system and a circulation system; the powder dropping cylinder (8), the forming cylinder (9), the powder supply cylinder (10), the powder spreading system and the feeding system are all present in the forming bin; the powder spreading system comprises a scraper (4) and a guide rail (3), and the scraper (4) moves under the drive of the guide rail (3); the feeding system comprises a feeding shaft (5) and a receiving shaft (7), which are used to convey the carbon fiber mesh cloth (6) during the processing, and the carbon fiber mesh cloth (6) is sequentially placed on the forming cylinder through the feeding shaft (5) and the receiving shaft (7); the carbon fiber mesh cloth (6) comprises a continuous carbon fiber mesh part and a hollow part; the laser system comprises a laser (1), a galvanometer and a field mirror; the circulation The system includes a gas cylinder, a blower, an air outlet and an air inlet; the feeding shaft (5) and the receiving shaft (7) are symmetrically installed below the top surface of the forming cylinder (9) and in the powder dropping cylinders (8) on both sides of the forming cylinder (9); the laser (1) is arranged above the forming chamber, and the laser (2) emitted by the laser (1) is irradiated onto the forming cylinder (9) through the galvanometer and the field mirror, and the laser focus is on the upper surface of the carbon fiber mesh cloth (6); the laser system is used to emit laser light and control the movement of the light spot to melt the metal powder laid on the forming cylinder; by laser scanning the boundary of the continuous carbon fiber mesh part and the overlapping part of the forming cylinder, the overlapping part falls off from the continuous carbon fiber mesh part and serves as the carbon fiber layer in the printing process, thereby forming a hollow part, and the metal powder can be laid on the substrate or the formed matrix through the hollow part.

2. The device for realizing the forming of carbon fiber grid composite reinforced metal material based on SLM technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The receiving shaft (7) is a driving shaft connected to the motor, and the feeding shaft (5) is a driven shaft with resistance.

3. The device for forming carbon fiber grid composite reinforced metal materials based on SLM technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The scraper (4) is arranged above the forming cylinder (9) and the powder supply cylinder (10), and is driven by the guide rail (3) to move horizontally in the forming bin.

4. The device for forming carbon fiber grid composite reinforced metal materials based on SLM technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The forming cylinder (9) and the powder supply cylinder (10) are both provided with a base plate (12) and a guide rod (13). Under the action of a driving device, the base plate can move up and down along the guide rod.

5. The device for forming carbon fiber grid composite reinforced metal materials based on SLM technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The powder dropping cylinder (8) is in a "C-shape" and wraps around the forming cylinder (9). It is used to recover excess powder during the powder spreading process of the scraper (4) and powder adhering to the carbon fiber mesh cloth (6). The bottom (8-1) of the powder dropping cylinder has a certain slope to facilitate the discharge of powder from the powder dropping port (8-2).

6. The device for forming carbon fiber grid composite reinforced metal materials based on SLM technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intersection of the top surface of the forming cylinder (9) and the powder dropping cylinder (8) is rounded to achieve a guiding effect on the carbon fiber mesh cloth (6).

7. The method for realizing the forming of carbon fiber grid composite reinforced metal material based on SLM technology according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The steps include: S1, slicing the part according to the thickness of the three-layer carbon fiber mesh cloth (6), planning the scanning path according to the slice shape, determining the process parameters, and then importing the path information and process parameters into the control software of the equipment; S2. Lower the powder feeding cylinder (10) to a sufficient height and fill it with metal powder; install a sufficient amount of carbon fiber mesh cloth on the feeding shaft (5) and the receiving shaft (7), and control the rotation of the receiving shaft (7) so that the carbon fiber mesh cloth (6) is in close contact with the upper surface of the forming cylinder (9), and the last hollow part is aligned with the forming cylinder. At this time, there is no hollow part at the end of the feeding shaft; S3, sealing and forming and filling the environment with protective gas through the circulation system to remove oxygen from the environment and provide appropriate airflow to blow away the splashes generated during the printing process; S4. Start printing the parts. The printing process is divided into several steps: S4.

1. The base plate of the powder supply cylinder (10) rises to the height of the two carbon fiber mesh cloths (6). The guide rail (3) drives the scraper (4) to push the powder forward so that the hollow part is covered with metal powder, and the excess powder falls into the powder drop cylinder (8); S4.2, the base plate of the forming cylinder (9) is lowered by one layer of the carbon fiber mesh cloth (6), and the carbon fiber mesh cloth (6) moves to the continuous carbon fiber mesh portion under the rotation of the feeding shaft (5); S4.3, the laser (2) scans the carbon fiber mesh cloth (6) along the inner side of the forming cylinder (9) and causes the carbon fiber mesh of the same size as the forming cylinder to fall off from the carbon fiber mesh cloth (6), forming a new hollow part; S4.4, the base plate of the forming cylinder (9) is lowered by one layer of carbon fiber mesh cloth (6), and the detached carbon fiber mesh is lowered accordingly, and the base plate of the powder supply cylinder (10) is raised by two layers of carbon fiber mesh cloth (6), and the guide rail (3) drives the scraper (4) to push the powder forward so that the hollow part is covered with metal powder, and the excess powder falls into the powder drop cylinder (8); S4.

5. The laser melts the metal powder according to the preset path of the slicing file and firmly bonds it to the matrix. The base plate of the forming cylinder (9) descends to the height of the carbon fiber mesh cloth (6); S4.

6. Repeat steps S4.1-S4.5 above to stack parts layer by layer until the part is printed; When printing the first layer of the part, there is a pre-made hollow part. The new hollow part formed in step S4.3 in the subsequent printing process will become the hollow part required in step S4.1 in the next layer of printing.

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