Radial hole processing technology and processing device of plunger pump cylinder

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of plunger pump cylinder radial hole machining process and its processing device, belong to plunger pump cylinder processing technical field, including the following steps: step S1, finish machining cylinder both ends;Step S2, single radial hole processing on cylinder;Step S2.1, one-time processing;Step S2.11, using precision machining center to operate, part is fixedly placed in the machining position of precision machining center;Step S2.12, in turn through hole drill, flat bottom milling cutter, boring cutter and rolling tool processing;Step S2.121, first using hole drill to remove large excess, form radial hole, and make radial hole with oil hole communication;Step S2.122, then using flat bottom milling cutter to remove hole bottom excess;The present application when processing radial hole on cylinder, without fine grinding radial hole, reduce the flow of part, improve processing efficiency, and cylinder radial hole roughness reduces, cylinder radial hole aperture tolerance range reduces, improve processing precision and processing stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a process and apparatus for machining radial holes in a plunger pump cylinder block, belonging to the field of plunger pump cylinder block machining technology. Background Technology

[0002] A piston pump is a crucial component of a hydraulic system. It relies on the reciprocating motion of a piston within a cylinder to change the volume of a sealed working chamber, thereby achieving oil suction and pressure. The piston pump cylinder has an inner bore. The primary function of this bore is to ensure the piston's smooth movement within the cylinder, providing sufficient kinetic energy for stable equipment operation. The dimensional accuracy of the inner bore determines the stability of the equipment; therefore, the requirements for bore diameter accuracy and surface roughness are extremely high.

[0003] Chinese invention patent CN117206924A discloses an axial piston pump cylinder block machining equipment and its process, including a frame, a lifting motor, a lifting frame, and a worktable. The worktable is fixedly mounted on the top of the frame, the lifting frame is fixedly mounted on one side of the worktable, and the lifting motor is fixedly mounted on top of the lifting frame. It also includes an auxiliary mechanism. This auxiliary mechanism is fixedly mounted in the middle of the lifting frame. When the auxiliary mechanism bores the cylinder block, it generates chips. A cutting component performs three-dimensional chip breaking, solving the problem of chip generation during boring. A negative pressure component mixes and collects the chips and cutting fluid using negative pressure water absorption, eliminating the impact of chips and cutting fluid on boring precision and efficiency. When machining the cylinder block... Figure 7-11 As shown, the radial hole is on the outer circle of the cylinder body, and the cylinder end face is provided with oil holes that correspond one-to-one with the radial hole. The hole diameter tolerance is 0mm to +0.015mm, and the surface roughness requirements are as follows: Ra0.3, Rz2.5, Rp1.5 (Ra: arithmetic mean deviation of the profile, Rz: height of ten points of micro-irregularity, also known as the maximum height of the profile, Rp: maximum peak height of the profile). When using the existing technology to process the radial hole, the part is difficult to process, the processing time is long, the product accuracy is difficult to guarantee, and the processing efficiency is affected.

[0004] Therefore, there is a need for a machining process and a machining device for the radial bore of a plunger pump cylinder to improve the machining accuracy and efficiency of the parts. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a process and apparatus for machining radial holes in a plunger pump cylinder to improve the machining accuracy and efficiency of parts, in order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above problems is: a radial hole machining process for a plunger pump cylinder, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step S1: Grind both ends of the cylinder block;

[0008] Step S2: Machining a single radial hole on the cylinder block;

[0009] Step S2.1, one-time processing;

[0010] Step S2.11: Use a precision machining center to operate, and fix the part in the machining position of the precision machining center;

[0011] Step S2.12: Machining is performed sequentially using a pliers drill, a flat end mill, a boring bar, and a hobbing cutter;

[0012] Step S2.121: First, use a pliers drill to remove the excess material to form a radial hole, and connect the radial hole to the oil hole;

[0013] Step S2.122: Use a flat-bottom milling cutter to remove the excess material at the bottom of the hole;

[0014] Step S2.123: Then use a boring tool for finishing to ensure the rolling allowance is 0.01mm;

[0015] Step S2.2, secondary processing;

[0016] The hole is machined to size using a roller burnisher, with a diameter tolerance of 0mm to +0.01mm and a surface roughness of Ra0.15, Rz1.5, and Rp1.0.

[0017] Step S3: Machin the remaining radial holes.

[0018] Preferably, step S1 specifically includes the following steps:

[0019] Step S1.1: Use machining equipment to precision machine one end of the cylinder block;

[0020] Step S1.2: Use machining equipment to precision machine the other end of the cylinder block.

[0021] Preferably, in step S2, when using a pliers drill, flat end mill, boring tool, and roller burnisher for machining, the center of the tool and the center of the radial hole of the cylinder are on the same axis, with an error of less than 0.02 mm.

[0022] Preferably, during the processing step S2.121, the coolant is applied directly to the contact position between the drill bit and the cylinder block through a cooling mechanism to achieve cylinder block cooling.

[0023] Preferably, during the processing steps S2.122, S2.123 and S2.2, coolant is introduced from the oil hole through the cooling mechanism, and the coolant in the oil hole is discharged from the radial hole to achieve cooling, thereby avoiding overheating of the cylinder block during processing and deformation that would affect the processing accuracy.

[0024] Preferably, in step 3, after the cylinder is driven to rotate by the machining center's rotating device to a set angle, step 2 is repeated, and this cycle continues until all radial holes are machined, at which point the part can be removed.

[0025] A radial hole machining device for a plunger pump cylinder includes a cooling box. A feeding assembly and a moving assembly are provided on one side of the cooling box. The feeding assembly is used to deliver coolant into the cooling box, and the moving assembly is used to drive the cooling box to move. Multiple cooling assemblies are provided on the cooling box and are distributed circumferentially.

[0026] The cooling assembly includes a first cooling pipe, a second cooling pipe, and a control valve. One end of the first cooling pipe is inserted into the cooling box from the side away from the feeding assembly. The second cooling pipe is located outside the cooling box, with one end inserted into the cooling box. The control valve is located inside the cooling box, and both the first and second cooling pipes are connected to the control valve.

[0027] Preferably, the feeding assembly includes a moving pipe and a connecting pipe, which are arranged coaxially. One end of the moving pipe is fixedly mounted on the cooling box, and the other end of the moving pipe is movably connected to the connecting pipe. The connecting pipe is connected to a coolant supply device, and the cavity inside the connecting pipe, the cavity inside the moving pipe, and the cavity inside the cooling box form a coolant delivery channel.

[0028] Preferably, the moving component includes a moving ring, and an annular groove is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the moving tube. The annular groove matches the moving ring, and the moving ring is movably sleeved on the annular groove. The moving ring is driven to move along the length direction of the moving tube by a driving component.

[0029] Preferably, the length of the annular groove is equal to the length of the moving ring.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0031] This invention discloses a process and apparatus for machining radial holes in a plunger pump cylinder. When machining radial holes in the cylinder block, precision grinding of the radial holes is eliminated, reducing the flow of parts and improving machining efficiency. Furthermore, the surface roughness of the radial holes is reduced, and the tolerance range of the radial hole diameter is decreased, improving machining accuracy and stability. In addition, during radial hole machining, coolant is delivered from the oil hole into the radial hole, which not only improves the reliability of coolant entry into the radial hole and prevents the tool from blocking coolant entry after entering the radial hole, but also allows the coolant to be discharged promptly after absorbing heat, improving heat dissipation and reducing deformation caused by overheating, thus further improving machining accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the working state structure of a radial hole machining device for a plunger pump cylinder according to the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The main view;

[0034] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The left view;

[0035] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Top view;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a 3D view of the moving tube;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the cooling components and the cooling box;

[0038] Figure 7 A 3D view of the cylinder block;

[0039] Figure 8 This is the front view of the cylinder block;

[0040] Figure 9 This is a left view of the cylinder block;

[0041] Figure 10 for Figure 8 A sectional view along the AA direction;

[0042] Figure 11 for Figure 9 BB direction sectional view.

[0043] in:

[0044] Cooling box 1, feeding assembly 2, moving assembly 3, cooling assembly 4, cylinder 5;

[0045] Moving pipe 21, connecting pipe 22;

[0046] Moving ring 31, annular groove 32, cylinder 33;

[0047] First cooling pipe 41, second cooling pipe 42, control valve 43;

[0048] Radial hole 51, oil hole 52. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The radial bore machining process for a plunger pump cylinder block in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0050] Step S1: Grind both ends of cylinder block 5;

[0051] Step S1.1: Use machining equipment to precision machine one end of the cylinder block 5;

[0052] Step S1.2: Use machining equipment to precision machine one end of the cylinder block 5;

[0053] Step S2: Machining a single radial hole 51 on cylinder block 5;

[0054] Step S2.1, one-time processing;

[0055] Step S2.11: Use a precision machining center to operate, and fix the part in the machining position of the precision machining center;

[0056] Step S2.12: Machining is performed sequentially using a pliers drill, a flat end mill, a boring bar, and a hobbing cutter;

[0057] Step S2.121: First, use a pliers drill to remove the excess material to form a radial hole 51, and make the radial hole 51 connected to the oil hole 52;

[0058] Step S2.122: Use a flat-bottom milling cutter to remove the excess material at the bottom of the hole;

[0059] Step S2.123: Then use a boring tool for finishing to ensure the rolling allowance is 0.01mm;

[0060] Step S2.2, secondary processing;

[0061] The hole is machined to size using a roller burnisher, with a diameter tolerance of 0mm to +0.01mm and a surface roughness of Ra0.15, Rz1.5, and Rp1.0.

[0062] During the processing in step S2.121, the coolant is directly applied to the contact position between the pliers drill and the cylinder 5 through the cooling mechanism to achieve cooling of the cylinder 5;

[0063] During the processing in steps S2.122, S2.123 and S2.2, coolant is introduced from the oil hole 52 through the cooling mechanism, and the coolant in the oil hole 52 is discharged from the radial hole 51 to achieve cooling and prevent the cylinder body 5 from overheating and deforming during the processing, which would affect the processing accuracy.

[0064] In step S2, when machining with a pliers drill, flat end mill, boring tool and hobbing cutter, the center of the tool and the center of the radial hole 51 of the cylinder body 5 are on the same axis, with an error of less than 0.02mm;

[0065] Step S3: Machin the remaining radial holes 51;

[0066] After the cylinder 5 is driven to rotate by the rotary device of the machining center to rotate at a set angle, step 2 is repeated and the cycle is repeated until all radial holes 51 are machined and the part is removed.

[0067] Tables 1 and 2 are derived from the roughness and diameter tolerance data of the radial holes 51 on the cylinder block 5 before and after the improvement.

[0068] Table 1: Comparison of the roughness of radial hole 51 on cylinder block 5 before and after improvement (unit: micrometers)

[0069] Before improvement 0.3 2.5 1.5 Improved 0.15 1.5 1.0

[0070] Table 2: Diameter tolerance of radial bore 51 in cylinder block before improvement (unit: mm)

[0071] Sample 1 +0.012 +0.008 Sample 2 +0.013 +0.009 Sample 3 +0.012 +0.010 Sample 4 +0.015 +0.007 Sample 5 +0.012 +0.008 Sample 6 +0.011 +0.007 Sample 7 +0.011 +0.009 Sample 8 +0.014 +0.008 Sample 9 +0.012 +0.008 Sample 10 +0.012 +0.007 Tolerance range 0～+0.015 0～+0.01

[0072] According to Tables 1 and 2, after the improvement, the roughness of the radial hole 51 of the cylinder body 5 is reduced, the tolerance range of the radial hole 51 of the cylinder body 5 is reduced, and the machining accuracy and machining stability are improved.

[0073] A radial hole machining device for a plunger pump cylinder body, which is a cooling mechanism, includes a cooling tank 1. A feeding component 2 and a moving component 3 are provided on one side of the cooling tank 1. The feeding component 2 is used to deliver coolant into the cooling tank 1, and the moving component 3 is used to drive the cooling tank 1 to move. A plurality of cooling components 4 are provided on the cooling tank 1, and the plurality of cooling components 4 are circumferentially distributed.

[0074] The feeding assembly 2 includes a moving pipe 21 and a connecting pipe 22, which are coaxially arranged. One end of the moving pipe 21 is fixedly mounted on the cooling tank 1, and the other end of the moving pipe 21 is movably connected to the connecting pipe 22. The connecting pipe 22 is connected to a coolant supply device, which can be a coolant storage tank. The inner cavity of the connecting pipe 22, the inner cavity of the moving pipe 21, and the inner cavity of the cooling tank 1 form a coolant delivery channel. In practice, both the cooling tank 1 and the cylinder 5 are cylindrical. After the cylinder 5 is fixed at the machining position in the machining center, the cylinder 5 is located in the moving tank. On the side away from the moving pipe 21, and with the cylinder 5, cooling box 1 and moving pipe 21 all in a coaxial state, the moving component 3 drives the cooling box 1 to move towards the cylinder 5, and makes the side of the cooling box 1 away from the connecting pipe 22 fit with the end of the cylinder 5 with the oil hole 52. During the processing of the cylinder 5, the coolant supply device delivers coolant from the connecting pipe 22 and the moving pipe 21 to the cooling box 1 in sequence. The coolant in the cooling box 1 then acts on the cylinder 5 through the cooling component 4 to achieve the cooling of the cylinder 5. During the movement of the cooling box 1, the moving pipe 21 moves synchronously on the connecting pipe 22.

[0075] The moving component 3 includes a moving ring 31. An annular groove 32 is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the moving tube 21. The annular groove 32 matches the moving ring 31. The moving ring 31 is movably sleeved on the annular groove 32. The moving ring 31 is driven by a cylinder 33 to move along the length direction of the moving tube 21. The length of the annular groove 32 is equal to the length of the moving ring 31. When the cylinder 33 drives the moving ring 31 to move along the length direction of the moving tube 21, the moving ring 31 pushes the inner wall of the end of the annular groove 32 to make the moving tube 21 move synchronously. The movement of the moving tube 21 drives the cooling box 1 to move synchronously. In addition, when the central rotating device drives the cylinder 5 to rotate at a set angle, the rotation of the cylinder 5 drives the cooling box 1 to rotate synchronously through the cooling component 4. The rotation of the cooling box 1 drives the moving tube 21 to rotate synchronously on the connecting pipe 22. During the rotation of the moving tube 21, the moving ring 31 is in a stationary state.

[0076] The cooling assembly 4 includes a first cooling pipe 41, a second cooling pipe 42, and a control valve 43. One end of the first cooling pipe 41 is inserted from the side of the cooling box 1 away from the feeding assembly 2. The second cooling pipe 42 is located outside the cooling box 1, with one end inserted into the cooling box 1. The control valve 43 is located inside the cooling box 1. Both the first cooling pipe 41 and the second cooling pipe 42 are connected to the control valve 43. When the side of the cooling box 1 away from the connecting pipe 22 is in contact with the end of the cylinder 5 that has an oil hole 52, the first cooling pipe 41 is inserted into the oil hole 52 one by one.

[0077] When using a pliers drill to remove large excess material and form radial holes 51, the coolant in the cooling box 1 can only be discharged from the second cooling pipe 42 and act on the outer wall of the cylinder 5 through the control valve 43, that is, the coolant acts on the pliers drilling position to achieve cooling of the cylinder 5.

[0078] During the processes of removing the bottom allowance of the hole using a flat end mill, finishing with a boring tool, and machining with a hobbing cutter, the coolant in the cooling tank 1 can only be delivered to the oil hole 52 through the first cooling pipe 41, controlled by the control valve 43. The coolant in the oil hole 52 is then discharged from the radial hole 51, thus cooling the cylinder 5. This not only improves the reliability of the coolant entering the radial hole 51 and prevents the tool from blocking the coolant from entering the radial hole 51, but also allows the coolant to be discharged in time after absorbing heat, improving the heat dissipation effect and reducing the deformation caused by overheating, thereby improving the machining accuracy.

[0079] After the radial hole 51 is machined, the control valve 43 at the corresponding position controls the first cooling pipe 41 and the second cooling pipe 42 at the corresponding position to close, that is, the coolant in the cooling box 1 cannot enter the first cooling pipe 41 and the second cooling pipe 42.

[0080] In addition, during the rotation of the cylinder 5, the cylinder 5 drives the cooling box 1 to rotate synchronously through the second cooling pipe 42;

[0081] In summary, when machining the radial holes 51 on the cylinder block 5, the present invention eliminates the need for precision grinding of the radial holes 51, reducing the flow of parts and improving machining efficiency. Furthermore, the surface roughness of the radial holes 51 on the cylinder block 5 is reduced, and the tolerance range of the radial holes 51 is decreased, improving machining accuracy and stability. In addition, during the machining of the radial holes 51, coolant is delivered from the oil hole 52 into the radial holes 51, which not only improves the reliability of coolant entering the radial holes 51 and prevents the tool from blocking the coolant from entering the radial holes 51, but also allows the coolant to be discharged in time after absorbing heat, improving heat dissipation and reducing deformation caused by overheating, thereby further improving machining accuracy.

[0082] In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention also includes other embodiments. All technical solutions formed by equivalent transformation or equivalent substitution should fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A process for machining radial holes in a plunger pump cylinder, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step S1: Grind both ends of the cylinder block (5); Step S2: Machining a single radial hole (51) on the cylinder block (5); Step S2.1, one-time processing; Step S2.11: Use a precision machining center to operate, and fix the part in the machining position of the precision machining center; Step S2.12: Machining is performed sequentially using a pliers drill, a flat end mill, a boring bar, and a hobbing cutter; Step S2.121: First, use a pliers drill to remove the excess material to form a radial hole (51), and connect the radial hole (51) with the oil hole (52); Step S2.122: Use a flat-bottom milling cutter to remove the excess material at the bottom of the hole; Step S2.123: Then use a boring tool for finishing to ensure the rolling allowance is 0.01mm; Step S2.2, secondary processing; The hole is machined to size using a roller burnisher, with a diameter tolerance of 0mm to +0.01mm and a surface roughness of Ra0.15, Rz1.5, and Rp1.

0. Step S3: Machin the remaining radial holes (51); During the processing in step S2.121, the coolant is directly applied to the contact position between the pliers drill and the cylinder (5) through the cooling mechanism to achieve cooling of the cylinder (5); During the processing in steps S2.122, S2.123 and S2.2, coolant is introduced from the oil hole (52) through the cooling mechanism, and the coolant in the oil hole (52) is discharged from the radial hole (51) to achieve cooling; The cooling mechanism is a radial hole machining device for a plunger pump cylinder, including a cooling box (1). A feeding assembly (2) and a moving assembly (3) are provided on one side of the cooling box (1). The feeding assembly (2) is used to deliver coolant into the cooling box (1), and the moving assembly (3) is used to drive the cooling box (1) to move. Multiple cooling assemblies (4) are provided on the cooling box (1), and the multiple cooling assemblies (4) are distributed circumferentially. The cooling assembly (4) includes a first cooling pipe (41), a second cooling pipe (42), and a control valve (43). One end of the first cooling pipe (41) is inserted from the side of the cooling box (1) away from the feeding assembly (2). The second cooling pipe (42) is located outside the cooling box (1), and one end of the second cooling pipe (42) is inserted into the cooling box (1). The control valve (43) is located inside the cooling box (1). Both the first cooling pipe (41) and the second cooling pipe (42) are connected to the control valve (43).

2. The radial bore machining process for a plunger pump cylinder body according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S1 specifically includes the following steps: Step S1.1: Use machining equipment to precision machine one end of the cylinder block (5); Step S1.2: Use machining equipment to precision machine one end of the cylinder block (5).

3. The radial bore machining process for a plunger pump cylinder body according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, when machining with a pliers drill, flat end mill, boring tool and roller burnishing tool, the center of the tool and the center of the radial hole (51) of the cylinder (5) are on the same axis, with an error of less than 0.02mm.

4. The radial bore machining process for a plunger pump cylinder body according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, after the cylinder (5) is driven to rotate by the machining center rotation device to a set angle, step S2 is repeated, and so on, until all radial holes (51) are machined and the part is taken out.

5. The radial bore machining process for a plunger pump cylinder body according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding assembly (2) includes a moving pipe (21) and a connecting pipe (22). The moving pipe (21) and the connecting pipe (22) are arranged coaxially. One end of the moving pipe (21) is fixedly mounted on the cooling box (1). The other end of the moving pipe (21) is movably connected to the connecting pipe (22). The connecting pipe (22) is connected to a coolant supply device. The cavity inside the connecting pipe (22), the cavity inside the moving pipe (21), and the cavity inside the cooling box (1) form a coolant delivery channel.

6. The radial bore machining process for a plunger pump cylinder body according to claim 5, characterized in that: The moving component (3) includes a moving ring (31). An annular groove (32) is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the moving tube (21). The annular groove (32) matches the moving ring (31). The moving ring (31) is movably sleeved on the annular groove (32). The moving ring (31) is driven to move along the length direction of the moving tube (21) by a driving component.

7. The radial bore machining process for a plunger pump cylinder body according to claim 6, characterized in that: The length of the annular groove (32) is equal to the length of the moving ring (31).

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