A milling device and method for optical crystals

Abstract

The application provides a kind of milling device and method for optical crystal, it is related to milling technical field, including rack, the outside of the rack is provided with positioning mechanism, the positioning mechanism includes mounting bracket and connecting plate, the lower surface of the mounting bracket is rotatably connected with rotating ring by bearing, the rotating ring is fixedly connected with connecting plate, the outer surface of the rotating ring is fixedly connected with incomplete gear ring, the outer surface of the mounting bracket is rotatably connected with multiple support rods by bearing, the positioning cylinder is synchronized and combined, only single wheel is opened and closed in whole process, the rest positioning wheel always keeps clamping state.This section cooperates to realize the accurate coaxial positioning of crystal, double fixing structure prevents loosening, single wheel is opened and closed bit by bit, which avoids interference of milling cutter, does not affect milling operation, ensures continuous clamping of non-milling area, completely prevents crystal deviation, simultaneously adapts to positioning needs of optical crystal of different sizes, positioning process does not need manual adjustment, and stability is strong and adaptability is wide.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of milling, in particular to a milling device and method for optical crystal. BACKGROUND

[0002] As the core component of precision optical instruments, the edge processing precision of optical crystal directly affects the imaging quality and performance stability of the optical system. In the processing flow of optical crystal, milling deburring is one of the key processes, which needs to achieve high-precision trimming of the crystal edge while strictly avoiding damage to the crystal optical surface, edge cracking and other problems. The existing optical crystal milling device still has many technical defects in actual application, which is difficult to meet the high-precision processing needs of sensitive optical crystals such as multi-layer film and soft and brittle. Firstly, the positioning stability is poor, and the crystal is easy to deviate. The existing device mostly uses single clamping or adsorption positioning method, which is difficult to balance positioning accuracy and fixing reliability. Some devices use multiple positioning wheels for positioning, which need to be opened as a whole to avoid the milling cutter during milling, resulting in the loss of effective clamping of the crystal and the deviation of the crystal, which further affects the milling precision. Moreover, the positioning mechanism has poor adaptability and is difficult to compatible with optical crystals of different sizes, which needs frequent manual adjustment, and the operation is complicated and the stability is insufficient. Secondly, the pre-milling cleaning is missing or incomplete, which is easy to damage the crystal surface. The edge of the optical crystal is easy to attach dust and fine impurities. The existing device mostly does not set a special pre-cleaning mechanism, or the cleaning mechanism has poor linkage with the milling mechanism. The impurities are easy to be extruded by the milling cutter during milling, which causes scratches on the surface of the crystal and damage to the optical surface. Especially for multi-layer film and soft and brittle optical crystal, the existence of impurities will also exacerbate the wear of the milling cutter, reduce the deburring precision and affect the processing quality. Thirdly, the dust collection effect is not good, which pollutes the environment and affects the processing continuity. The crystal debris generated during milling is easy to splash. The existing dust collection mechanism is mostly fixed position dust collection, which is difficult to follow the milling cutter to move and realize precise dust collection, resulting in that the debris cannot be collected in time, which not only pollutes the working environment, but also easily attaches to the surface of the crystal again, further damaging the optical performance. At the same time, the accumulation of debris in the milling area will affect the milling continuity, which needs to be frequently stopped for cleaning, reducing the processing efficiency and increasing the labor cost. Therefore, we propose a milling device and method for optical crystal. SUMMARY

[0003] The purpose of the present application is to solve the above problems, and a milling device and method for optical crystal are proposed.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a milling device for optical crystals, comprising a frame, a positioning mechanism provided on the outside of the frame, the positioning mechanism comprising a mounting frame and a connecting plate, a rotating ring rotatably connected to the lower surface of the mounting frame via a bearing, the rotating ring being fixedly connected to the connecting plate, an incomplete toothed ring being fixedly connected to the outer surface of the rotating ring, a plurality of support rods rotatably connected to the outer surface of the mounting frame via a bearing, a first gear being fixedly connected to the outer surface of each of the plurality of support rods, the plurality of first gears meshing with the incomplete toothed ring, a disk being fixedly connected to the outer surface of each of the plurality of support rods, a ring rotatably connected to the outer surface of the disk, a push rod rotatably connected to the outer surface of the ring via a rotating shaft, and a positioning wheel rotatably connected to the outer surface of the push rod.

[0005] Preferably, a support tube is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the frame, a rotating tube is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the support tube via a bearing, a rotating plate is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the rotating tube, a rotating rod is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the rotating plate via a bearing, and the rotating rod is rotatably connected to the connecting plate via a bearing.

[0006] Preferably, the top of the frame is also provided with a dust collection mechanism, which includes a dust collection head. A connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the connecting plate. A dust collection bucket is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the support pipe through a bearing. An air pump is installed on the outer surface of the dust collection bucket. The input end of the air pump is connected to the connecting pipe, the output end of the air pump is connected to the dust collection bucket, and the other end of the connecting pipe is connected to the dust collection head.

[0007] Preferably, the top of the frame is further provided with a cleaning mechanism, which includes a wiping roller. A support plate is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the connecting plate. A cleaning rod is rotatably connected to the inner surface of the support plate via a bearing. The cleaning rod is fixedly connected to the wiping roller. An installation rod is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the connecting plate via a bearing. A first bevel gear is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the installation rod. A second bevel gear is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the cleaning rod. The first bevel gear and the second bevel gear are meshed together.

[0008] Preferably, a second gear is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the rotating rod, and an internal gear ring is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the mounting bracket, the internal gear ring meshing with the second gear.

[0009] Preferably, a vacuum suction cup is rotatably connected to the upper surface of the dust collection bin, and the lower surface of the vacuum suction cup is connected to the support tube.

[0010] Preferably, the upper surface of the rack is rotatably connected with a positioning rod through a bearing, the outer surface of the positioning rod and the rotating pipe are fixedly connected with third gears, the two third gears are meshedly connected, the rotating rod and the mounting rod are drivingly connected through a conveying belt, the inner surface of the rack is provided with a motor, and the output end of the motor is fixedly connected with the positioning rod.

[0011] Preferably, the outer surface of the mounting frame is fixedly connected with a limiting pipe, and the push rod is slidingly connected with the limiting pipe.

[0012] Preferably, the mounting frame is fixedly connected with the rack, the outer surface of the rack is provided with an electric sliding rail, the outer surface of the electric sliding rail is slidingly connected with a sliding seat, and the lower surface of the sliding seat is provided with a milling cutter.

[0013] Preferably, a milling method for an optical crystal comprises the following steps:

[0014] S1: The positioning wheels are used to initially position the optical crystal, and meanwhile, the vacuum chuck is used to adsorb the bottom of the crystal through negative pressure, so that double fixing is formed.

[0015] S2: The rotating rod is self-rotated through meshing of the second gear and the inner tooth ring, and simultaneously, the mounting rod is rotated through the conveying belt, the mounting rod is used to drive the wiping roller to rotate through the bevel gear, and the edge of the crystal is cleaned in advance.

[0016] S3: The electric sliding rail is used to drive the milling cutter to move, burrs around the crystal are removed, the incomplete tooth ring is rotated along the milling path with the rotating ring, only a single first gear on the path is meshed, the corresponding positioning wheel is driven to be retracted backward to avoid the milling cutter, and the remaining positioning wheels are kept clamped to prevent deviation.

[0017] S4: After the incomplete tooth ring is removed, the corresponding positioning wheel is immediately reset, the dust collecting head is rotated synchronously with the milling cutter, the air pump is started to form a negative pressure loop, and milling debris is adsorbed in real time.

[0018] S5: After the burr removal of the milling cutter is completed, the electric sliding rail is used to reset the milling cutter, the motor is stopped, the vacuum chuck is depressurized, and the wiping roller is stopped, so that the whole milling and burr removal operation is completed.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages and positive effects that:

[0020] 1. The application provides a milling device and method for optical crystals, which is characterized in that the positioning wheel is used for accurately positioning the optical crystal, and the vacuum chuck is used for forming double fixation by adsorbing the bottom of the crystal under negative pressure; during the milling process, the positioning rod is used for driving the rotating tube, the rotating rod and the connecting plate to rotate in sequence through gear meshing transmission, so that the rotating ring and the incomplete tooth ring are synchronously rotated, the positioning wheel is collected through the meshing transmission of the gear ring and the gear, the push rod is driven by the eccentric disc to drive the positioning wheel to be collected, only a single positioning wheel on the path is collected to avoid the milling cutter, the positioning wheel is reset immediately after being separated from the milling cutter, the positioning cylinder is synchronously combined, and only a single wheel is opened and closed in the whole process, and the remaining positioning wheels are always kept in the clamping state. The cooperation of the above-mentioned parts realizes accurate coaxial positioning of the crystal, the double fixation structure prevents loosening of the positioning, the single wheel is opened and closed in sequence to avoid interference of the milling cutter and does not affect the milling operation, ensures continuous clamping of the non-milling area, completely prevents the crystal from deviating, simultaneously adapts to the positioning requirements of optical crystals of different sizes, the positioning process does not need manual adjustment, the stability is high, and the adaptability is wide.

[0021] 2. The application provides a milling device and method for optical crystals, which is characterized in that the rotating rod is used for realizing self-rotation during operation, the wiping roller is driven to rotate through the meshing transmission of the conveying belt and the bevel gear, the edge of the crystal is cleaned in advance before the milling cutter deburring, the cooperation of the above-mentioned parts can remove dust and fine impurities on the edge of the crystal in advance, avoids that the impurities scratch the surface of the crystal in the milling process, especially adapts to the processing requirements of sensitive optical crystals such as multilayer film and soft and brittle crystal, prevents optical surface damage caused by incomplete cleaning, simultaneously reduces the contact wear between the milling cutter and the impurities, prolongs the service life of the milling cutter, ensures uniform stress in subsequent milling, improves the deburring precision, and lays a foundation for high-quality milling operation.

[0022] 3. The application provides a milling device and method for optical crystals, which is characterized in that the milling cutter is used for deburring the crystal around, the dust collecting head is synchronously moved with the milling cutter, the air pump is started to form a negative pressure dust collecting loop, and the dust generated in the milling process is adsorbed and collected in real time. The cooperation of the above-mentioned parts can intercept the dust from the milling source, avoid that the dust splashes to pollute the working environment or is attached to the surface of the crystal again, realize clean and environmentally-friendly processing, completely prevent the dust from contacting the optical surface of the crystal, further protect the optical performance from being affected, ensure that the edge after milling is smooth and free of residues, the stable operation of the negative pressure dust collecting can also avoid that the dust accumulation affects the continuity of the milling, improves the operation fluency, reduces the downtime caused by dust cleaning, indirectly improves the processing efficiency, and reduces the labor cost of dust cleaning. ACCURACY

[0023] Figure 1 An external structure schematic diagram of the application is provided.

[0024] Figure 2 A local structure schematic diagram of the application is provided.

[0025] Figure 3 Figure 1 is a partial bottom view schematic diagram of a milling device and method for optical crystals according to the present application;

[0026] Figure 4 Figure 2 is a partial structure schematic diagram of a dust collecting barrel of a milling device and method for optical crystals according to the present application;

[0027] Figure 5 Figure 3 is a partial structure schematic diagram of a milling device and method for optical crystals according to the present application; Figure 2 at A in Figure 4;

[0028] Figure 6 Figure 5 is a partial structure schematic diagram of a milling device and method for optical crystals according to the present application; Figure 3 at B in Figure 4.

[0029] Figure 1 is a partial bottom view schematic diagram of a milling device and method for optical crystals according to the present application; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present application, the present application will be further described below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0031] In the following description, a lot of specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application, however, the present application can also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, therefore, the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed in the following description.

[0032] Embodiment 1, as Figure 1 - Figure 6As shown, a kind of milling device for optical crystal, including rack 1, the outside of rack 1 is provided with positioning mechanism 2, positioning mechanism 2 includes mounting frame 201 and connecting plate 202, the lower surface of mounting frame 201 is rotatably connected with rotating ring 203 by bearing, rotating ring 203 is fixedly connected with connecting plate 202, the outer surface of rotating ring 203 is fixedly connected with incomplete gear ring 204, the outer surface of mounting frame 201 is rotatably connected with multiple support bars 205 by bearing, the outer surface of multiple support bars 205 is fixedly connected with first gear 206, multiple first gears 206 and incomplete gear ring 204 are engagedly connected, the outer surface of multiple support bars 205 is fixedly connected with disc 207, the outer surface of disc 207 is rotatably connected with circular ring 208, the outer surface of circular ring 208 is rotatably connected with push rod 209 by rotating shaft, the outer surface of push rod 209 is rotatably connected with positioning wheel 210.

[0033] The effect achieved by the whole embodiment 1 is that connecting plate 202 drives rotating ring 203 to rotate around mounting frame 201, drives incomplete gear ring 204 to rotate synchronously in a circle, incomplete gear ring 204 is engagedly transmitted with first gear 206 outside support bar 205, so that support bar 205 drives eccentric disc 207 to rotate, eccentric disc 207 pushes circular ring 208 to pull push rod 209 to slide along limiting tube 14 in orientation when rotating, spring is arranged between push rod 209 and limiting tube 14, the spring can avoid displacement of other push rod 209 during processing, so that multiple positioning wheels 210 are evenly adhered and clamped along the circumference of optical crystal, coaxial centering is realized, during deburring and milling, rotating ring 203 drives incomplete gear ring 204 to rotate in a circle continuously, incomplete gear ring 204 rotates according to milling path, and is only engaged with one first gear 206 of the path, drives corresponding support bar 205 to rotate, eccentric disc 207 rotates synchronously, pulls push rod 209 to retract corresponding positioning wheel 210 backward, avoids interference of milling cutter 17, and positioning wheel 210 on non-milling path keeps clamping state to ensure that crystal does not deviate.

[0034] Embodiment 2, as Figure 1 Figure 6 ​As shown, the upper surface of the rack 1 is fixedly connected with a support pipe 5, the outer surface of the support pipe 5 is rotatably connected with a rotating pipe 6 through a bearing, the outer surface of the rotating pipe 6 is fixedly connected with a rotating plate 7, the outer surface of the rotating plate 7 is rotatably connected with a rotating rod 8 through a bearing, the rotating rod 8 is rotatably connected with the connecting plate 202 through a bearing, the top of the rack 1 is further provided with a dust collecting mechanism 3, the dust collecting mechanism 3 comprises a dust collecting head 301, the inner surface of the connecting plate 202 is fixedly connected with a connecting pipe 302, the outer surface of the support pipe 5 is rotatably connected with a dust collecting barrel 303 through a bearing, the outer surface of the dust collecting barrel 303 is mounted with an air pump 304, the input end of the air pump 304 is in communication with the connecting pipe 302, the output end of the air pump 304 is in communication with the dust collecting barrel 303, and the other end of the connecting pipe 302 is in communication with the dust collecting head 301.

[0035] The effect achieved by the whole embodiment 2 is that the third gear 13 outside the positioning rod 12 is engaged with the third gear 13 outside the rotating pipe 6, so as to drive the rotating pipe 6 to rotate around the support pipe 5, the rotating pipe 6 drives the rotating rod 8 to rotate through the rotating plate 7, the rotating rod 8 drives the connecting plate 202 to rotate, the second gear 9 outside the rotating rod 8 is engaged with the internal gear ring 10 in the mounting frame 201, so as to realize the rotation of the rotating rod 8; at the same time, the rotating rod 8 drives the mounting rod 404 to rotate through the conveying belt, the first bevel gear 405 on the mounting rod 404 is engaged with the second bevel gear 406 outside the cleaning rod 403 to drive the cleaning rod 403 and the wiping roller 401 to rotate, and the optical crystal edge is cleaned before the deburring of the milling cutter 17.

[0036] Embodiment 3, as Figure 1 Figure 6 ​As shown, the top of the rack 1 is also provided with a cleaning mechanism 4, the cleaning mechanism 4 includes a wiping roller 401, the upper surface of the connecting plate 202 is fixedly connected with a support plate 402, the inner surface of the support plate 402 is rotatably connected with a cleaning rod 403 through a bearing, the cleaning rod 403 is fixedly connected with the wiping roller 401, the outer surface of the connecting plate 202 is rotatably connected with a mounting rod 404 through a bearing, the upper surface of the mounting rod 404 is fixedly connected with a first bevel gear 405, the outer surface of the cleaning rod 403 is fixedly connected with a second bevel gear 406, the first bevel gear 405 and the second bevel gear 406 are meshingly connected, the outer surface of the rotating rod 8 is fixedly connected with a second gear 9, the inner surface of the mounting frame 201 is fixedly connected with an internal gear ring 10, the internal gear ring 10 is meshingly connected with the second gear 9, the upper surface of the dust collecting barrel 303 is rotatably connected with a vacuum chuck 11, the lower surface of the vacuum chuck 11 is in communication with the support pipe 5, the upper surface of the rack 1 is rotatably connected with a positioning rod 12 through a bearing, the outer surfaces of the positioning rod 12 and the rotating pipe 6 are both fixedly connected with a third gear 13, the two third gears 13 are meshingly connected, the rotating rod 8 and the mounting rod 404 are drivingly connected through a conveyor belt, the inner surface of the rack 1 is provided with a motor, the output end of the motor is fixedly connected with the positioning rod 12, the outer surface of the mounting frame 201 is fixedly connected with a limiting pipe 14, the push rod 209 is slidingly connected with the limiting pipe 14, the mounting frame 201 is fixedly connected with the rack 1, the outer surface of the rack 1 is provided with an electric sliding rail 15, the outer surface of the electric sliding rail 15 is slidingly connected with a sliding seat 16, the lower surface of the sliding seat 16 is provided with a milling cutter 17.

[0037] The effect achieved by the whole embodiment 3 is that the vacuum chuck 11 on the dust collecting barrel 303 is communicated with negative pressure through the support pipe 5 to adsorb and fix the bottom non-optical surface of the optical crystal, forming double positioning and fixing, the electric sliding rail 15 drives the sliding seat 16 and the milling cutter 17 to move to deburr around the optical crystal, the connecting pipe 302 on the connecting plate 202 drives the dust collecting head 301 to rotate synchronously with the milling cutter 17, the air pump 304 in the dust collecting mechanism 3 is started, the input end thereof is communicated with the dust collecting head 301 through the connecting pipe 302, and the output end thereof is communicated with the dust collecting barrel 303, forming a negative pressure dust collecting loop to adsorb and collect the debris generated by milling and deburring in real time; after the milling cutter 17 completes the deburring operation around, the electric sliding rail 15 drives the milling cutter 17 to reset, the motor is stopped, the vacuum chuck 11 is relieved of adsorption after pressure relief, and the wiping roller 401 stops rotating, completing the whole optical crystal milling and deburring operation.

[0038] As shown in the drawings, Figure 1 Figure 6 An optical crystal milling method, comprising the following steps:

[0039] S1: The positioning wheel 210 initially positions around the optical crystal, and at the same time the vacuum chuck 11 adsorbs the bottom of the crystal under negative pressure, forming double fixing.

[0040] ​S2: Rotate the rod 8 through the second gear 9 and the inner tooth ring 10 meshing to realize self-rotation, synchronously drive the installation rod 404 to rotate through the conveyor belt, and drive the wiping roller 401 to rotate through the bevel gear, and pre-clean the edge of the crystal.

[0041] S3: The electric sliding rail 15 drives the milling cutter 17 to move, deburring around the crystal, and the incomplete tooth ring 204 rotates along the milling path with the rotating ring 203, only engaging a single first gear 206 on the path, driving the corresponding positioning wheel 210 to retract backward to avoid the milling cutter 17, and the remaining positioning wheels 210 remain clamped to prevent deviation.

[0042] S4: After the incomplete tooth ring 204 is removed, the corresponding positioning wheel 210 is immediately reset, and the dust collector 301 rotates synchronously with the milling cutter 17, and the air pump 304 starts to form a negative pressure circuit to realize real-time adsorption of milling debris.

[0043] S5: The milling cutter 17 completes deburring, the electric sliding rail 15 brings the milling cutter 17 back to its original position, the motor stops, the vacuum chuck 11 is depressurized, and the wiping roller 401 stops rotating, completing the entire milling and deburring operation.

[0044] The working principle is that the initial state of the positioning wheel 210 is to accurately position the four sides of the optical crystal placed in place. The surface of the positioning wheel 210 is provided with a flexible pad. The motor is started, and the motor output end drives the positioning rod 12 to rotate around the bearing of the rack 1. The third gear 13 outside the positioning rod 12 is engaged with the third gear 13 outside the rotating pipe 6, driving the rotating pipe 6 to rotate around the support pipe 5. The rotating pipe 6 drives the rotating rod 8 to rotate through the rotating plate 7. The rotating rod 8 drives the connecting plate 202 to rotate, and the connecting plate 202 drives the rotating ring 203 to rotate around the mounting frame 201. The rotating ring 203 drives the incomplete gear ring 204 to rotate synchronously in a circle. The incomplete gear ring 204 is engaged with the first gear 206 outside the support rod 205 to drive the support rod 205 to rotate, and the eccentric disc 207 rotates to push the circular ring 208 to drive the push rod 209 to slide along the limiting pipe 14. A spring is arranged between the push rod 209 and the limiting pipe 14, which can avoid displacement of other push rods 209 during machining, causing unstable clamping, and then multiple positioning wheels 210 are uniformly attached and clamped along the circumference of the optical crystal, realizing coaxial centering. At the same time, the vacuum chuck 11 on the dust collecting barrel 303 is connected to negative pressure through the support pipe 5, and the bottom non-optical surface of the optical crystal is adsorbed and fixed, forming double positioning and fixing. At the same time, the second gear 9 outside the rotating rod 8 is engaged with the internal gear ring 10 in the mounting frame 201, realizing the rotation of the rotating rod 8. At the same time, the rotating rod 8 drives the mounting rod 404 to rotate through the conveyor belt. The first bevel gear 405 on the mounting rod 404 is engaged with the second bevel gear 406 outside the cleaning rod 403 to drive the cleaning rod 403 and the wiping roller 401 to rotate, and the edge of the optical crystal is cleaned before the deburring of the milling cutter 17. The electric sliding rail 15 drives the sliding seat 16 and the milling cutter 17 to move, and the deburring operation is performed around the optical crystal. During the milling and deburring process, the rotating ring 203 drives the incomplete gear ring 204 to continuously rotate in a circle. The incomplete gear ring 204 rotates according to the milling path and is engaged with only one of the first gears 206 on the path to drive the corresponding support rod 205 to rotate. The eccentric disc 207 rotates synchronously to drive the positioning wheel 210 at this position to retract backward, avoiding interference with the milling cutter 17. The positioning wheels 210 on the non-milling path remain in the clamped state to ensure that the crystal does not deviate. After the incomplete gear ring 204 leaves this position, the corresponding positioning wheel 210 is immediately reset, and the positioning cylinder is combined. Only the single positioning wheel 210 at the milling path is opened throughout the process, and the positioning wheels 210 on other paths always remain in the clamped state to ensure that the crystal does not deviate. The connecting pipe 302 on the connecting plate 202 drives the dust collecting head 301 to rotate synchronously with the milling cutter 17. The air pump 304 in the dust collecting mechanism 3 is started, the input end of which is connected to the dust collecting head 301 through the connecting pipe 302, and the output end is connected to the dust collecting barrel 303, forming a negative pressure dust collecting circuit, which can realize real-time adsorption and collection of the debris generated during milling and deburring.After the milling cutter 17 completes the peripheral deburring operation, the electric slide rail 15 drives the milling cutter 17 to reset, the motor stops, the vacuum chuck 11 is released from adsorption after pressure relief, and the wiping roller 401 stops rotating, thus completing the entire optical crystal milling and deburring operation.

[0045] The above merely describes preferred embodiments of the present application, and is not intended to limit the present application in other forms. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above disclosed technical content to equivalent embodiments applied to other fields, but any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present application without departing from the technical solution content of the present application still falls within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A milling apparatus for optical crystals, comprising a frame (1), characterized in that: A positioning mechanism (2) is provided on the outside of the frame (1). The positioning mechanism (2) includes a mounting frame (201) and a connecting plate (202). A rotating ring (203) is rotatably connected to the lower surface of the mounting frame (201) via a bearing. The rotating ring (203) is fixedly connected to the connecting plate (202). An incomplete gear ring (204) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the rotating ring (203). A plurality of support rods (205) are rotatably connected to the outer surface of the mounting frame (201) via a bearing. A first gear (206) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of each of the support rods (205). The plurality of first gears (206) and The incomplete toothed ring (204) is engaged and connected. The outer surfaces of the multiple support rods (205) are fixedly connected to a disc (207). The disc (207) is eccentrically set. The outer surface of the disc (207) is rotatably connected to a ring (208). The outer surface of the ring (208) is rotatably connected to a push rod (209) via a rotating shaft. The outer surface of the push rod (209) is rotatably connected to a positioning wheel (210). The outer surface of the mounting bracket (201) is fixedly connected to a limiting tube (14). The push rod (209) is slidably connected to the limiting tube (14). A spring is provided between the push rod (209) and the limiting tube (14).

2. The milling apparatus for optical crystals according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the frame (1) is fixedly connected to a support tube (5), the outer surface of the support tube (5) is rotatably connected to a rotating tube (6) via a bearing, the outer surface of the rotating tube (6) is fixedly connected to a rotating plate (7), the outer surface of the rotating plate (7) is rotatably connected to a rotating rod (8) via a bearing, and the rotating rod (8) is rotatably connected to the connecting plate (202) via a bearing.

3. The milling apparatus for optical crystals according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the frame (1) is also provided with a dust collection mechanism (3), which includes a dust collection head (301). A connecting pipe (302) is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the connecting plate (202). A dust collection bucket (303) is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the support pipe (5) through a bearing. An air pump (304) is installed on the outer surface of the dust collection bucket (303). The input end of the air pump (304) is connected to the connecting pipe (302), and the output end of the air pump (304) is connected to the dust collection bucket (303). The other end of the connecting pipe (302) is connected to the dust collection head (301).

4. The milling apparatus for optical crystals according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the frame (1) is also provided with a cleaning mechanism (4), which includes a wiping roller (401). A support plate (402) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the connecting plate (202). A cleaning rod (403) is rotatably connected to the inner surface of the support plate (402) through a bearing. The cleaning rod (403) is fixedly connected to the wiping roller (401). An installation rod (404) is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the connecting plate (202) through a bearing. A first bevel gear (405) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the installation rod (404). A second bevel gear (406) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the cleaning rod (403). The first bevel gear (405) and the second bevel gear (406) are meshed together.

5. The milling apparatus for optical crystals according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer surface of the rotating rod (8) is fixedly connected to a second gear (9), and the inner surface of the mounting bracket (201) is fixedly connected to an internal gear ring (10), which meshes with the second gear (9).

6. The milling apparatus for optical crystals according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper surface of the dust collection bin (303) is rotatably connected to a vacuum suction cup (11), and the lower surface of the vacuum suction cup (11) is connected to the support tube (5).

7. The milling apparatus for optical crystals according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper surface of the frame (1) is rotatably connected to a positioning rod (12) via a bearing. The outer surfaces of the positioning rod (12) and the rotating tube (6) are both fixedly connected to a third gear (13). The two third gears (13) are meshed together. The rotating rod (8) and the mounting rod (404) are connected by a conveyor belt. A motor is installed on the inner surface of the frame. The output end of the motor is fixedly connected to the positioning rod (12).

8. The milling apparatus for optical crystals according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting bracket (201) is fixedly connected to the frame (1). An electric slide rail (15) is installed on the outer surface of the frame (1). A sliding seat (16) is slidably connected to the outer surface of the electric slide rail (15). A milling cutter (17) is installed on the lower surface of the sliding seat (16).

9. A milling method for optical crystals, applied to the milling apparatus for optical crystals according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1: The positioning wheel (210) initially positions the optical crystal around its perimeter, while the vacuum suction cup (11) uses negative pressure to adsorb the bottom of the crystal, forming a double fixation. S2: The rotating rod (8) rotates by meshing with the internal gear ring (10) through the second gear (9), and synchronously drives the mounting rod (404) to rotate via the conveyor belt. The mounting rod (404) drives the wiping roller (401) to rotate through the bevel gear, so as to perform rotation cleaning on the crystal edge in advance. S3: The electric slide rail (15) drives the milling cutter (17) to move, deburring the crystal. The incomplete toothed ring (204) rotates along the milling path with the rotating ring (203), only meshing with a single first gear (206) on the path, driving the corresponding positioning wheel (210) to retract backward to avoid the milling cutter (17), while the remaining positioning wheels (210) remain clamped to prevent deviation. S4: After the incomplete toothed ring (204) leaves, the corresponding positioning wheel (210) immediately resets, and at the same time, the dust collection head (301) rotates synchronously with the milling cutter (17), and the air pump (304) starts to form a negative pressure circuit to adsorb milling debris in real time. S5: The milling cutter (17) completes deburring, the electric slide rail (15) drives the milling cutter (17) to reset, the motor stops, the vacuum suction cup (11) releases pressure, the wiping roller (401) stops rotating, and the entire milling deburring operation is completed.

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