A high-strength and high-conductivity cast silicon-aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention provides a high-strength and high-conductivity cast silicon-aluminum alloy, comprising the following elemental components in mass percentage: Si 7%-9%, Mg 0.2%-0.8%, Fe 0.3%-0.6%, Sr 0.02%-0.04%, and the remainder is Al and unavoidable impurities; the cast silicon-aluminum alloy contains the following alloy structures: eutectic silicon phase, Mg2Si phase and AlFeSi phase. In the present invention, the presence of Mg2Si phase and AlFeSi phase can improve the electrical conductivity and strength of the silicon-aluminum alloy casting described in the above technical solution; the addition of Sr can change the morphology of eutectic silicon from a coarse lath shape to a fibrous distribution with a relatively smooth tip, thereby reducing the scattering effect on electrons and greatly improving the electrical conductivity of the alloy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of alloys, and in particular relates to a high-strength and high-conductivity cast silicon-aluminum alloy and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of economic construction, the demand for power systems is also increasing day by day. In addition to large-scale and long-distance overhead wires, the requirements for the performance of structural parts in power systems are also constantly increasing. Such as conductive parts and transmission parts in power transmission and transformation switchgear. Cast aluminum alloys, mainly aluminum-silicon alloys, are widely used in metal structural parts in power transmission and transformation systems due to their light weight, low production cost, good casting flowability, high corrosion resistance and wear resistance.

[0003] Aluminum and aluminum alloys are used in power systems in various forms such as castings, plates, rods, tubes and wires. In different scenarios, different aluminum alloy systems are used. According to the different alloy components, the aluminum alloys currently used internationally are mainly divided into eight series from 1XXX to 8XXX. Among them, the 4XXX series aluminum alloys used for castings are alloys with Si as the main element.

[0004] The addition of Si can make aluminum alloy have better fluidity, reduce the tendency of aluminum alloy to crack, reduce casting defects, and make aluminum alloy have higher strength. Therefore, the workpiece cast by aluminum-silicon alloy has low production cost and good performance. However, since Si is a typical semiconductor material with poor conductivity, the coarse eutectic silicon phase formed in aluminum alloy will hinder the movement of electrons, significantly reduce the conductivity of aluminum alloy, and cause excessive energy loss. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a high-strength and high-conductivity cast silicon-aluminum alloy and a preparation method thereof. The cast silicon-aluminum alloy provided by the present invention has high tensile strength and electrical conductivity and reduces energy loss.

[0006] The present invention provides a high-strength and high-conductivity cast silicon-aluminum alloy, comprising the following element components in mass percentage:

[0007] Si 7%-9%, Mg 0.2%-0.8%, Fe 0.3%-0.6%, Sr 0.02%-0.04%, the balance is Al and unavoidable impurities;

[0008] The cast silicon aluminum alloy contains the following alloy structures: eutectic silicon phase, Mg2Si phase and AlFeSi phase.

[0009] Preferably, the AlFeSi phase includes an α-AlFeSi phase and / or a β-AlFeSi phase.

[0010] Preferably, the alloy comprises 0.4% to 0.6% by mass of Mg.

[0011] Preferably, the Fe content is 0.4%-0.5% by mass.

[0012] The present invention provides a method for preparing the high-strength and high-conductivity cast silicon-aluminum alloy described in the above technical solution, comprising the following steps:

[0013] According to the element composition of the cast silicon-aluminum alloy, the alloy raw material is smelted to obtain a silicon-aluminum alloy melt;

[0014] Refining the silicon-aluminum alloy melt to obtain a silicon-aluminum alloy refined liquid;

[0015] Casting the silicon-aluminum alloy refined liquid into a preheated mold to obtain a silicon-aluminum alloy casting;

[0016] The silicon-aluminum alloy casting is subjected to solution treatment and aging treatment in sequence to obtain the high-strength and high-conductivity cast silicon-aluminum alloy.

[0017] Preferably, the temperature of the solution treatment is 515°C-525°C, and the holding time is 6h-10h;

[0018] The method further comprises water quenching the solution treated casting after the solution treatment.

[0019] Preferably, the temperature of the aging treatment is 180°C-190°C, and the insulation time is 6h-8h.

[0020] Preferably, the smelting temperature is 730°C-750°C.

[0021] Preferably, the refining agent used in the refining is hexachloroethane, and the amount of the refining agent added is 0.1%-0.3% of the mass of the silicon-aluminum alloy melt.

[0022] Preferably, the alloy raw materials include aluminum, silicon, iron, magnesium and Al-Sr master alloy; and the smelting includes the following steps:

[0023] Aluminum, silicon and iron are smelted, and after all are melted, the heat is kept to obtain aluminum-silicon-iron alloy liquid;

[0024] Wrapping magnesium with aluminum foil, and pressing the magnesium wrapped with aluminum foil into the aluminum-silicon-iron alloy liquid using a bell jar;

[0025] After all the magnesium is melted, add Al-Sr master alloy to obtain silicon-aluminum alloy melt.

[0026] The invention provides a high-strength and high-conductivity casting silicon-aluminum alloy, comprising the following element components in mass percentage: Si 7%-9%, Mg 0.2%-0.8%, Fe 0.3%-0.6%, Sr 0.02%-0.04%, and the balance being Al and inevitable impurities; the casting silicon-aluminum alloy contains the following alloy structures: eutectic silicon phase, Mg2Si phase and AlFeSi phase. In the present invention, the addition of Mg can form a Mg2Si phase with higher conductivity than the eutectic silicon phase with Si, and distribute on the eutectic silicon phase, thereby reducing the resistance in the system; moreover, Mg2Si is a hard particle, which can hinder the movement of dislocations, thereby improving the tensile strength of the silicon-aluminum alloy described in the above technical solution; Fe can form an AlFeSi phase with Al and Si in the system, showing metallic properties, having good electrical conductivity, and having very high hardness, which reduces the amount of eutectic silicon in the silicon-aluminum alloy system and improves electrical conductivity and strength; the addition of trace amounts of Sr can change the morphology of eutectic silicon from a coarse lath shape to a fiber-like distribution with a relatively smooth tip, thereby reducing the scattering effect on electrons and greatly improving the electrical conductivity of the alloy. In summary, the cast silicon-aluminum alloy provided by the present invention has high strength and electrical conductivity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 The morphology test results of the cast silicon aluminum alloy obtained in Comparative Example 1;

[0029] Figure 2 The morphology test results of the cast silicon aluminum alloy obtained in Example 1;

[0030] Figure 3 This is the SEM image of the cast silicon aluminum alloy obtained in Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention provides a high-strength and high-conductivity cast silicon-aluminum alloy, comprising the following element components in mass percentage:

[0032] Si 7%-9%, Mg 0.2%-0.8%, Fe 0.3%-0.6%, Sr 0.02%-0.04%, the balance is Al and unavoidable impurities;

[0033] The cast silicon aluminum alloy contains the following alloy structures: eutectic silicon phase, Mg2Si phase and AlFeSi phase.

[0034] The cast silicon aluminum alloy provided by the present invention includes 7%-9% Si by mass, which may be specifically 7.0, 7.5, 8.0, 8.20, 8.26, 8.50, 8.70, 8.73, 8.81 or 9.0% in the embodiments.

[0035] The cast silicon aluminum alloy provided by the present invention includes Mg in an amount of 0.2% to 0.8% by mass, preferably 0.4% to 0.6% by mass, and in the embodiments, it can be specifically 0.2, 0.25, 0.3, 0.35, 0.4, 0.41, 0.45, 0.5, 0.55, 0.6, 0.62, 0.65, 0.7, 0.75 or 0.8%. In the present invention, the Mg can form a Mg2Si phase with the Si described in the above technical solution, and is distributed on the eutectic silicon phase. The conductivity of the Mg2Si phase is higher than that of the eutectic silicon phase, thereby reducing the resistance of the silicon aluminum alloy system; and the Mg2Si phase is a hard particle, which can hinder the movement of dislocations, thereby improving the tensile strength of the silicon aluminum alloy.

[0036] The cast silicon aluminum alloy provided by the present invention includes Fe in a mass percentage of 0.3%-0.6%, preferably 0.4%-0.5%, and can be specifically 0.3, 0.35, 0.4, 0.41, 0.42, 0.45, 0.46, 0.5, 0.55 or 0.6%. In the present invention, Fe can form an AlFeSi phase with Al and Si in the system, preferably including an α-AlFeSi phase and / or a β-AlFeSi phase, and the AlFeSi phase exhibits metallic properties, has good electrical conductivity, and has a high hardness. Since part of Si forms a Mg2Si phase and an AlFeSi phase, this also reduces the amount of eutectic silicon phase by phase transformation, thereby improving the electrical conductivity and tensile strength of the silicon aluminum alloy.

[0037] Since the β-AlFeSi phase in the silicon aluminum alloy has a long needle-like morphology, it will severely split the matrix and make the alloy brittle, so the Fe content in this application is not higher than 0.6%.

[0038] The cast silicon aluminum alloy provided by the present invention comprises Sr in an amount of 0.02% to 0.04% by mass, which may be 0.02, 0.03 or 0.04% in the embodiment. In the present invention, the addition of Sr can change the morphology of the eutectic silicon phase from a thick semi-strip shape to a fiber-like distribution with a relatively smooth tip, thereby reducing the scattering of electrons and greatly improving the conductivity of the silicon aluminum alloy.

[0039] The present invention provides a method for preparing the high-strength and high-conductivity cast silicon-aluminum alloy described in the above technical solution, comprising the following steps:

[0040] According to the element composition of the cast silicon-aluminum alloy, the alloy raw material is smelted to obtain a silicon-aluminum alloy melt;

[0041] Refining the silicon-aluminum alloy melt to obtain a silicon-aluminum alloy refined liquid;

[0042] Casting the silicon-aluminum alloy refined liquid into a preheated mold to obtain a silicon-aluminum alloy casting;

[0043] The silicon-aluminum alloy casting is subjected to solution treatment and aging treatment in sequence to obtain the high-strength and high-conductivity cast silicon-aluminum alloy.

[0044] The present invention has no special restrictions on the type of the alloy raw material. According to the elemental composition of the cast silicon aluminum alloy described in the above technical solution, the alloy raw material familiar to the technicians in the field can be selected. In the present invention, the aluminum source can be aluminum metal, such as high-purity aluminum with a purity of 99.9%; the silicon source can be silicon alone, such as high-purity silicon with a purity of 99.9%; the magnesium source can be magnesium metal, such as industrial pure magnesium with a purity of ≥99.85%; the iron source can be iron metal, such as industrial pure iron with a purity of ≥99.5%; the Sr source can be an intermediate alloy, such as Al-Sr intermediate alloy. The present invention has no special restrictions on the source of the Al-Sr intermediate alloy, and commercially available products familiar to the technicians in the field can be used.

[0045] The present invention melts the alloy raw materials to obtain a silicon-aluminum alloy liquid. In the present invention, the melting is preferably to melt aluminum, silicon and iron, and then keep them warm to obtain an aluminum-silicon-iron alloy liquid;

[0046] Wrapping magnesium with aluminum foil, and pressing the magnesium wrapped with aluminum foil into the aluminum-silicon-iron alloy liquid using a bell jar;

[0047] After all the magnesium is melted, add Al-Sr master alloy to obtain silicon-aluminum alloy melt.

[0048] The present invention has no particular limitation on the smelting equipment, and a smelting furnace well known to those skilled in the art can be used. In the present invention, the smelting temperature is preferably 730° C.-750° C., and in the embodiment, it can be specifically 730, 735, 740, 745 or 750° C. The insulation time is preferably 3 min-5 min.

[0049] After obtaining the silicon-aluminum alloy melt, the present invention refines the silicon-aluminum alloy melt to obtain a silicon-aluminum alloy refined liquid. In the present invention, the refining is preferably: adding a refining agent to the silicon-aluminum alloy melt, stirring, standing and slagging. In the present invention, the refining agent is preferably hexachloroethane, and the amount of the refining agent added is preferably 0.1%-0.3% of the mass of the silicon-aluminum alloy melt. In the embodiments of the present invention, the amount added can be specifically 0.1%, 0.15%, 0.2%, 0.25% or 0.3%. The stirring time is preferably 10min-15min; the standing time is preferably 20min-30min. During the refining, the temperature of the silicon-aluminum alloy melt is preferably between 735℃-740℃.

[0050] After obtaining the silicon-aluminum alloy refined liquid, the present invention casts the silicon-aluminum alloy refined liquid into a preheated mold to obtain a silicon-aluminum alloy casting.

[0051] In the present invention, the preheating temperature of the mold is preferably 150° C.-200° C., and may be specifically 150, 160, 170, 180, 190 or 200° C. In the present invention, during the casting, the temperature of the silicon aluminum alloy refined liquid is preferably between 720° C.-730° C.

[0052] After the casting, the present invention sequentially performs solution treatment and aging treatment on the silicon-aluminum alloy casting obtained by the casting to obtain the high-strength and high-conductivity cast silicon-aluminum alloy. In the present invention, the temperature of the solution treatment is preferably 515°C-525°C, and in the embodiment, it can be specifically 515, 520 or 525°C; the holding time of the solution treatment is preferably 6h-10h, and in the embodiment, it can be specifically 6, 6.5, 7, 7.5, 8, 8.5, 9, 9.5 or 10h. The present invention has no special restrictions on the heating rate of heating to the temperature of the solution treatment, and it is sufficient to be able to heat up to the set temperature.

[0053] After the solution treatment, the obtained casting is preferably water quenched in the present invention. In the present invention, the temperature of the water used for water quenching is preferably 40°C-60°C, and in the embodiments, it can be specifically 40, 45, 50, 55 or 60°C.

[0054] In the present invention, the temperature of the aging treatment is preferably 180°C-190°C, and in the embodiments it may be specifically 180, 185 or 190°C; the holding time of the solution treatment is preferably 6h-8h, and in the embodiments it may be specifically 6, 6.5, 7, 7.5 or 8h.

[0055] After the aging treatment, the present invention preferably cools the casting to room temperature.

[0056] In the present invention, the silicon aluminum alloy casting is subjected to solid solution treatment and aging treatment, so that the supersaturated Mg element in the matrix can be fully precipitated, the formation of Mg2Si phase is promoted, and the Mg is evenly distributed in the matrix. After forming Mg2Si, Mg consumes a part of Si, thereby purifying the matrix to achieve the effect of improving electrical conductivity; Mg2Si is a semiconductor, and the scheme of the present invention can ensure the purification effect while ensuring that its electrical conductivity does not drop too much through solid solution and aging, and greatly improve its strength. It can also further promote the spheroidization of eutectic silicon, thereby further improving the electrical conductivity and strength of the alloy.

[0057] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0058] It should be noted that the following embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other in the absence of conflict; and, based on the embodiments in the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without making any creative work are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0059] It should be noted that various aspects of the embodiments within the scope of the appended claims are described below. It should be apparent that the aspects described herein may be embodied in a wide variety of forms, and any specific structure and / or function described herein is merely illustrative. Based on the present disclosure, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that an aspect described herein may be implemented independently of any other aspect, and two or more of these aspects may be combined in various ways. For example, any number of aspects described herein may be used to implement the device and / or practice the method. In addition, other structures and / or functionalities other than one or more of the aspects described herein may be used to implement this device and / or practice this method.

[0060] Example 1

[0061] The high-strength and high-conductivity cast silicon-aluminum alloy comprises the following element components in percentage by mass: Si 8.73%, Mg 0.20%, Fe 0.41%, Sr 0.04%, and the balance is Al and unavoidable impurities.

[0062] The method for preparing the high-strength and high-conductivity cast silicon-aluminum alloy comprises:

[0063] Step 1: According to the above alloy composition, the raw materials are high-purity aluminum with a purity of 99.9%; high-purity silicon with a purity of 99.9%; industrial pure magnesium with a purity of ≥99.85%; industrial pure iron with a purity of ≥99.5%; Al-Sr master alloy is used as the Sr element preparation;

[0064] Step 2: Place the other alloy raw materials except Mg and Sr in a melting furnace, set the temperature to 740°C, and keep warm for 4 minutes after all of them are melted; wrap the Mg metal with aluminum foil and press it into the melt with a bell jar; after all of the Mg metal is melted, add Sr metal and stir gently to obtain a silicon-aluminum alloy melt.

[0065] Step 3: adding hexachloroethane, a refining agent, in an amount of 0.15% by mass of the silicon-aluminum alloy melt to the silicon-aluminum alloy melt, stirring the silicon-aluminum alloy melt for 10 minutes, standing it for 20 minutes, and deslagging it to obtain a refined silicon-aluminum alloy melt.

[0066] Step 4: pouring the refined silicon-aluminum alloy melt into a mold preheated at 200° C. to obtain a silicon-aluminum alloy casting.

[0067] Step 5: The silicon-aluminum alloy casting is subjected to solution treatment and aging treatment. The solution treatment process is as follows: the silicon-aluminum alloy casting is heated to 520°C, kept warm for 8 hours, and then quenched in water at 60°C; the aging treatment process is as follows: the silicon-aluminum alloy casting after solution treatment is reheated to 180°C, kept warm for 6 hours, and then the specimen is cooled at room temperature (25°C).

[0068] Example 2

[0069] The high-strength and high-conductivity cast silicon-aluminum alloy comprises the following element components in percentage by mass: Si 8.26%, Mg 0.41%, Fe 0.40%, Sr 0.03%, and the balance is Al and unavoidable impurities.

[0070] The above method for preparing high-strength and high-conductivity silicon-aluminum alloy is the same as that in Example 1 except for the solution treatment conditions. The solution treatment in this embodiment is as follows: heating the silicon-aluminum alloy casting to 525°C, keeping it warm for 6 hours, and then quenching it in water at 40°C.

[0071] Example 3

[0072] The high-strength and high-conductivity cast silicon-aluminum alloy comprises the following element components in percentage by mass: Si 8.81%, Mg 0.62%, Fe 0.41%, Sr 0.03%, and the balance is Al and unavoidable impurities.

[0073] The above method for preparing high-strength and high-conductivity silicon-aluminum alloy is the same as that of Example 1 except for the aging treatment conditions. The aging treatment in this embodiment is as follows: reheating the silicon-aluminum alloy casting after solid solution to 190° C. and keeping it warm for 8 hours.

[0074] Table 1 Element mass percentage of cast silicon aluminum alloy in Example:

[0075]

[0076]

[0077] Comparative Example 1

[0078] The high-strength and high-conductivity cast silicon-aluminum alloy has a composition different from that of Example 1 in that no Sr element is added to the alloy composition. The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1.

[0079] Comparative Example 2

[0080] The high-strength and high-conductivity cast silicon-aluminum alloy has a composition different from that of Example 2 in that no Sr element is added to the alloy composition. The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1.

[0081] Comparative Example 3

[0082] The high-strength and high-conductivity cast silicon-aluminum alloy has the same composition as that of Example 1, and the preparation method is different from that of Example 1 in that no solution treatment and artificial aging treatment are performed.

[0083] Comparative Example 4

[0084] The high-strength and high-conductivity cast silicon-aluminum alloy has the same composition as that of Example 2, and the preparation method is different from that of Example 1 in that no solution treatment and artificial aging treatment are performed.

[0085] Quality Inspection

[0086] The products of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 were subjected to morphological analysis, and the results are as follows: Figure 1-3 As shown, Figure 1 The morphology test results of the cast silicon aluminum alloy obtained in Comparative Example 1 are as follows: Figure 2 The morphology test results of the cast silicon aluminum alloy obtained in Example 1 are compared. Figure 1 and Figure 2 It can be seen that the addition of trace amounts of Sr can change the morphology of eutectic silicon from a thick lath shape to a fibrous distribution with smoother tips.

[0087] Figure 3 The SEM image of the cast silicon aluminum alloy obtained in Example 1 is shown in FIG. Figure 3 It can be seen that in the cast silicon-aluminum alloy obtained by the technical solution of the present invention, eutectic silicon phase, AlFeSi phase and Mg2Si phase are generated, and the amount of eutectic silicon is reduced.

[0088] The products in Examples 1-3, Comparative Examples 1-4, and products made of the cast aluminum alloy ZL101 material widely used in China were used as test objects. The mechanical properties of the alloys were tested according to the national standard GB / T 228.1-2010, and the electrical conductivity of the alloys was tested according to the national standard GB / T12966-2022. The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0089] Table 2 Mechanical properties and electrical conductivity results of castings obtained in the embodiments and comparative examples

[0090] category Tensile strength(Mpa) Elongation after break (%) Conductivity (%IACS) Example 1 262.3 4.3 41.0 Example 2 271.4 4.0 40.8 Example 3 279.8 3.3 39.8 Comparative Example 1 226.4 4.1 37.4 Comparative Example 2 247.8 3.8 39.3 Comparative Example 3 164.8 3.6 41.1 Comparative Example 4 177.3 3.4 41.0 ZL101 222.6 3.0 36.8 Comparative Example 5 238.6 3.2 41.1 Comparative Example 6 308.6 3.0 34.2

[0091] Comparative Example 5

[0092] The high-strength and high-conductivity cast silicon-aluminum alloy has a composition different from that of Example 1 in that the content of Fe element is 1.0%. The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1.

[0093] Comparative Example 6

[0094] The high-strength and high-conductivity cast silicon-aluminum alloy has the same composition as that of Example 1, and the preparation method is different from that of Example 1 in that no artificial aging treatment is performed after the solution treatment.

[0095] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A high-strength and high-conductivity cast silicon-aluminum alloy, consisting of the following elemental components in mass percentage: Si 7%-9%, Mg 0.2%-0.8%, Fe 0.3%-0.6%, Sr 0.02%-0.04%, the balance is Al and unavoidable impurities; The cast silicon aluminum alloy contains the following alloy structures: eutectic silicon phase, Mg2Si phase and AlFeSi phase; The eutectic silicon phase is distributed in a fiber shape with relatively smooth tips, and the Mg2Si phase is distributed on the eutectic silicon phase; the AlFeSi phase includes an α-AlFeSi phase and / or a β-AlFeSi phase.

2. The high-strength and high-conductivity cast silicon-aluminum alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnesium content is 0.4% to 0.6% by mass.

3. The high-strength and high-conductivity cast silicon aluminum alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: Contains 0.4%-0.5% Fe by mass.

4. The method for preparing the high-strength and high-conductivity cast silicon aluminum alloy according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the following steps: According to the element composition of the cast silicon-aluminum alloy, the alloy raw material is smelted to obtain a silicon-aluminum alloy melt; Refining the silicon-aluminum alloy melt to obtain a silicon-aluminum alloy refined liquid; Casting the silicon-aluminum alloy refined liquid into a preheated mold to obtain a silicon-aluminum alloy casting; The silicon-aluminum alloy casting is subjected to solution treatment and aging treatment in sequence to obtain the high-strength and high-conductivity cast silicon-aluminum alloy.

5. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The temperature of the solution treatment is 515°C-525°C, and the holding time is 6h-10h; The method further comprises water quenching the solution treated casting after the solution treatment.

6. The preparation method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The temperature of the aging treatment is 180° C.-190° C., and the insulation time is 6 h-8 h.

7. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The smelting temperature is 730°C-750°C.

8. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The refining agent used in the refining is hexachloroethane, and the amount of the refining agent added is 0.1%-0.3% of the mass of the silicon aluminum alloy melt.

9. The preparation method according to claim 4 or 7, characterized in that: The alloy raw materials include aluminum, silicon, iron, magnesium and Al-Sr master alloy; the smelting includes the following steps: Aluminum, silicon and iron are smelted, and after all are melted, the heat is kept to obtain aluminum-silicon-iron alloy liquid; Wrapping magnesium with aluminum foil, and pressing the magnesium wrapped with aluminum foil into the aluminum-silicon-iron alloy liquid using a bell jar; After all the magnesium is melted, add Al-Sr master alloy to obtain silicon-aluminum alloy melt.

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