A fish-blocking system and method for use at the tailrace tunnel entrance of a hydropower station

Abstract

The application provides a fish blocking system for a tailrace tunnel of a hydropower station and a fish blocking method thereof, and relates to the technical field of fish blocking systems. The fish blocking system comprises a main pulse electric fish blocking frame, a secondary pulse electric fish blocking frame and a fish blocking pier. The main pulse electric fish blocking frame is arranged in front of the tailrace tunnel. The secondary pulse electric fish blocking frame is arranged inside the tailrace tunnel. The protruding fish blocking pier is arranged in front of the tailrace tunnel and between the main pulse electric fish blocking frame and the secondary pulse electric fish blocking frame. The main pulse electric fish blocking frame and the secondary pulse electric fish blocking frame each comprise a plurality of pulse electric poles arranged side by side. The plurality of pulse electric poles arranged side by side are arranged on a connecting crossbar to form the pulse electric fish blocking frame. The inner inclined surfaces of the fish blocking pier towards the main pulse electric fish blocking frame and the secondary pulse electric fish blocking frame are respectively provided with a second fish detector and a first fish detector. The fish blocking system is provided with a double-pulse electric fish blocking frame structure to prevent fish from entering the tailrace tunnel, so that the fish are prevented from being injured or killed in the water flow downstream of the hydropower station.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fish-blocking technology at the tailrace tunnel of a hydropower station, and in particular to a fish-blocking system and method for use at the tailrace tunnel of a hydropower station. Background Technology

[0002] During maintenance and drainage of the tailrace area of ​​the dam, a large number of fish often reside in the tailrace tunnel. The water flow conditions near the tailrace tunnel cause many migratory fish to be swept into it, resulting in the death of stranded fish and a reduction in fish populations. From a fish conservation perspective, it is urgent to take appropriate measures to drive the fish in the tailrace area away from the tailrace tunnel.

[0003] To protect the diversity of migratory fish near hydraulic engineering facilities, scholars both domestically and internationally have studied various fish-repelling barriers, including those based on sound, light, electricity, bubble curtains, water flow, pheromones, and magnetic fields. Among these, light-based fish-repelling technology utilizes negative phototaxis to drive fish, with its effectiveness influenced by light color and intensity. Sound-based fish-repelling technology utilizes negative soundtaxis, with its effectiveness affected by sound type and intensity. Electric fish-repelling technology utilizes the behavioral characteristics of fish in an electric field, with its effectiveness influenced by voltage intensity. Currently, the best method is using electric fields to repel fish; however, the effect of deploying electric fields at the tailrace opening where water flow is relatively fast is poor. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of this invention is to provide a fish-blocking system and method for the tailrace tunnel of a hydropower station, which solves the problem that the fish-blocking effect of electric fields at the tailrace tunnel with high water flow velocity is poor.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a fish-blocking system for the tailrace tunnel opening of a hydropower station, comprising a main pulse electric fish-blocking frame, a secondary pulse electric fish-blocking frame, and a water-blocking pier. The main pulse electric fish-blocking frame is located in front of the tailrace tunnel opening, the secondary pulse electric fish-blocking frame is located inside the tailrace tunnel, and the protruding water-blocking pier is located in front of the tailrace tunnel opening and between the main pulse electric fish-blocking frame and the secondary pulse electric fish-blocking frame. Both the main pulse electric fish-blocking frame and the secondary pulse electric fish-blocking frame include multiple pulse electric poles arranged side by side. The multiple pulse electric poles arranged side by side are arranged on a connecting crossbar to form the pulse electric fish-blocking frame. A second fish detector and a first fish detector are respectively installed inside the inclined surface of the water-blocking pier facing the main pulse electric fish-blocking frame and the secondary pulse electric fish-blocking frame.

[0006] The lower end of the pulse electric pole of the main pulse electric fish barrier is close to the bottom of the riverbed.

[0007] Permanent piers are provided on both sides of the front end of the tailrace tunnel. The upper end of the permanent pier is hinged to one end of the support arm, and the other end of the support arm is hinged to the boom. The connecting crossbar of the main pulse electric fish barrier is installed at the lower end of the boom.

[0008] A second hydraulic cylinder is installed between one side of the permanent pier and the lower surface of the support arm, and a third hydraulic cylinder is installed between the lower surface of the support arm and the boom.

[0009] The tailwater tunnel has an inspection port at the top. The connecting crossbar of the auxiliary pulse electric fish barrier is connected to the swing arm. The middle part of the swing arm is rotatably connected to both sides of the inspection port. The upper end of the swing arm extends out of the inspection port. A first hydraulic cylinder is also provided above the tailwater tunnel. One end of the first hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the tailwater tunnel, and the other end is hinged to the upper end of the swing arm.

[0010] The first hydraulic cylinder and the inspection port are equipped with protective covers.

[0011] The pulse poles of the main pulse electric fish barrier and the auxiliary pulse electric fish barrier are flexibly connected to the connecting crossbars.

[0012] The upper end of the pulse rod is hinged to the limiting seat of the rectangular frame structure, and the pulse rod is limited on the side plates on both sides of the limiting seat. The pulse rod and the front end of the limiting seat are provided with springs.

[0013] The upper end of the pulse rod is provided with an inclined side protrusion, the front end of the limiting seat is provided with a limiting platform, and the two ends of the spring are provided on the side protrusion and the limiting platform.

[0014] The opening direction of the limiting seat is consistent with the water flow direction.

[0015] It also includes an electrical control station, which is electrically connected to the main pulse electric fish barrier, the secondary pulse electric fish barrier, and the fish finder.

[0016] A method for fish-blocking in a fish-blocking system at the tailrace tunnel entrance of a hydropower station, the method comprising:

[0017] The size of the main pulse electric fish barrier and the auxiliary pulse electric fish barrier are designed according to the structure and location of the tailrace tunnel;

[0018] The gates inside the tailrace tunnel are closed, and water-blocking construction is carried out at the entrance of the tailrace tunnel. A trench is excavated between the entrance of the tailrace tunnel and the main pulse electric fish barrier, and the water-blocking pier is poured.

[0019] Blind holes are opened on the inclined surfaces of the water-blocking piers facing the main pulse electric fish barrier and the auxiliary pulse electric fish barrier respectively. The second fish detector and the first fish detector are installed in the two blind holes respectively, and protective glass is installed on the outside of the blind holes. The protective glass is flush with the surface of the water-blocking pier.

[0020] A secondary pulse electric fish barrier is installed inside the tailrace tunnel via connecting crossbars;

[0021] A main pulse electric fish barrier is installed in front of the tailrace tunnel entrance via a connecting crossbar;

[0022] During the drainage maintenance of the tailrace tunnel area, pulse voltage is provided to the main pulse electric fish barrier to form a pulse wall that blocks fish.

[0023] The second fish finder on the slope in front of the water-blocking pier began to monitor the fish in front of the main pulse electric fish barrier, and monitored the swimming direction of the fish.

[0024] When the water flow is too strong, the fish-blocking effect of the main pulse electric fish barrier decreases. The first fish detector monitors the fish situation in front of the tailwater hole and provides pulse voltage to the secondary pulse electric fish barrier to form a fish barrier wall. The shape of the water barrier makes the water flow inside the tailwater hole relatively stable. The water flow creates water ripples as it passes over the water barrier. The secondary pulse electric fish barrier drives the fish. When the fish reach the water barrier, the water ripples will push the fish out of the position of the main pulse electric fish barrier.

[0025] The first and second fish finders work together to create a monitoring map of the fish's swimming activity.

[0026] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] This invention provides a fish-blocking system and method for the tailrace tunnel of a hydropower station. The system employs a dual-pulse electric fish-blocking structure to prevent fish from entering the tailrace tunnel, thereby avoiding injury or death of fish in the downstream water flow. This is crucial for protecting local fish resources and maintaining ecological balance. The pulse electric fish-blocking system utilizes an electric field to prevent swimming fish from entering the tailrace tunnel. Because the range of the electric field can be precisely controlled, it effectively intercepts fish, preventing them from entering the downstream water flow.

[0028] Unlike traditional fish-blocking nets or other physical interception methods, pulsed electric fish-blocking systems do not cause physical harm to fish or restrict their free movement, thus protecting fish survival and ecological balance.

[0029] Compared to traditional fish-barrier nets, pulsed electric fish-barrier systems do not require regular cleaning or replacement of the netting, reducing maintenance workload and costs. These features help protect fish resources, improve the operational efficiency of hydropower stations, reduce operating costs, and enhance safety. Attached Figure Description

[0030] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall layout of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the tailrace tunnel opening layout of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a top view of the tailrace tunnel opening layout of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the pulse pole of the present invention.

[0035] In the diagram: Tailwater tunnel 1; Protective cover 2; First hydraulic cylinder 3; Swing arm 4; Inspection port 5; Electrical control station 6; Permanent pier 7; Support arm 8; Second hydraulic cylinder 9; Third hydraulic cylinder 10; Crane arm 11; Connecting crossbar 12; Main pulse electric fish barrier 13; Limiting seat 1301; Side plate 1302; Spring 1303; Side boss 1304; Limiting platform 1305; Pulse electric pole 1306; Secondary pulse electric fish barrier 14; Water barrier 15; First fish finder 16; Second fish finder 17. Detailed Implementation

[0036] Example 1:

[0037] See Figure 1-4 As shown, a fish-blocking system for the tailrace tunnel entrance of a hydropower station includes a main pulse electric fish-blocking frame 13 and a secondary pulse electric fish-blocking frame 14. Both the main pulse electric fish-blocking frame 13 and the secondary pulse electric fish-blocking frame 14 include multiple pulse electric poles 1306 arranged side-by-side. These multiple pulse electric poles 1306 are mounted on a connecting crossbar 12 to form the pulse electric fish-blocking frame. The main pulse electric fish-blocking frame 13 is located in front of the tailrace tunnel entrance 1, while the secondary pulse electric fish-blocking frame 14 is located inside the tailrace tunnel 1, in front of the gate inside the tailrace tunnel 1. A raised water-blocking pier 15 is also provided in front of the tailrace tunnel entrance 1. The water-blocking pier 15 has a triangular cross-section, and fish sonar detectors are installed inside both inclined surfaces of the water-blocking pier 15. The system employs a dual interception system consisting of a main pulse electric fish barrier 13 and a secondary pulse electric fish barrier 14. When the main pulse electric fish barrier 13 malfunctions or its interception effect decreases, the secondary pulse electric fish barrier 14 activates, creating a dual interception effect that prevents swimming fish from entering the tailrace tunnel of the hydropower station. Because the range of the electric field can be precisely controlled, it effectively intercepts fish, preventing them from entering the downstream water flow of the hydropower station.

[0038] This fish-blocking system, used at the tailrace tunnel entrance of a hydroelectric power station, cleverly combines physical barriers with electro-pulse technology to reduce fish deaths or injuries caused by accidentally entering the tailrace system. Specifically, the system consists of two parts:

[0039] Main pulse electric fish barrier 13: Located in front of the tailwater opening, it mainly consists of multiple parallel pulse electric rods 1306, which are fixed to the connecting crossbar 12 to form an integral structure. By releasing pulse currents of specific intensity and frequency, a dynamic electric field area is formed in the water, thereby driving away or preventing fish from approaching the tailwater opening.

[0040] Sub-pulse electric fish barrier 14: Located deeper inside the tailrace tunnel 1, in front of the gate, it serves as a backup or auxiliary interception method. The sub-pulse electric fish barrier 14 mainly consists of multiple parallel-arranged pulse electric poles 1306, which are fixed to the connecting crossbar 12 to form an integral structure. When the main fish barrier malfunctions or its interception effect weakens, the sub-fish barrier will activate to ensure the continuity and effectiveness of fish interception.

[0041] The connecting crossbar 12 can also be made of insulating material, such as plastic. The pulse pole 1306 can be installed on the connecting crossbar 12 by bolts, or one end of the pulse pole 1306 can be integrally formed with the connecting crossbar 12, that is, one end of the pulse pole 1306 is fixed inside the connecting crossbar 12.

[0042] Water-blocking pier 15: A water-blocking pier with a triangular cross-section is set up in front of the tailrace tunnel. Its function may be to change the direction of water flow, slow down the water flow speed, and increase the possibility of fish coming into contact with the electric fish barrier. It also has a built-in fish sonar detector for real-time monitoring of fish activity and early warning or adjustment of interception strategy.

[0043] The entire system enhances its fish-blocking effect through a dual-interception design, taking into account both safety and adaptability to different fish behaviors and hydrological conditions. This effectively prevents fish from entering dangerous areas without harming them. Simultaneously, precise control of the electric field range ensures the system's operational safety and environmental friendliness.

[0044] In the preferred embodiment, the main pulse electric fish barrier 13 is positioned on one side of the water-blocking pier 15, with the lower end of the pulse electric rod 1306 of the main pulse electric fish barrier 13 close to the bottom of the riverbed. The electrical control station 6 controls the second hydraulic cylinder 9 and the third hydraulic cylinder 10 to lower the main pulse electric fish barrier 13 into the water and provide pulse voltage to form a pulse wall that blocks fish.

[0045] The second fish finder 17 on the front slope of the water-blocking pier 15 monitors the fish in front of the main pulse electric fish barrier 13 and monitors the direction of the fish swimming. When the water flow is too large, causing the fish-blocking effect of the main pulse electric fish barrier 13 to decrease, the first fish finder 16 monitors the fish in front of the tailwater hole 1.

[0046] The first fish finder 16 and the second fish finder 17 use sonar detectors.

[0047] The first hydraulic cylinder 3 pushes the auxiliary pulse electric fish barrier 14 vertically. The auxiliary pulse electric fish barrier 14 is energized to form a fish barrier wall. The shape of the water barrier 15 can make the water flow inside the tailwater hole 1 relatively stable. The water flow creates water ripples as it passes through the water barrier 15. The auxiliary pulse electric fish barrier 14 drives the fish. When the fish reach the position of the water barrier 15, the water ripples will push the fish out of the position of the main pulse electric fish barrier 13.

[0048] The operating mechanism of this fish-blocking system is explained in more detail, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0049] The main pulse electric fish barrier 13 is precisely positioned on one side of the water-blocking pier 15, with the lower end of its pulse electric rod 1306 close to the bottom of the riverbed. This allows it to directly form an effective pulse electric wall when fish attempt to cross the tailrace opening. The electrical control station 6, by operating the second hydraulic cylinder 9 and the third hydraulic cylinder 10, accurately lowers the main pulse electric fish barrier 13 to the predetermined water level, while simultaneously providing the necessary pulse voltage to activate the electric fish-blocking function.

[0050] The second fish finder 17, installed on the front slope of the water-blocking pier 15, is responsible for real-time monitoring of the movement direction and distribution of fish in the waters in front of the main pulse electric fish barrier, so as to adjust the fish-blocking strategy in a timely manner.

[0051] When encountering extreme water flow conditions, such as excessive water flow affecting the fish-blocking efficiency of the main pulse electric fish barrier 13, the first fish detector 16 located in front of the tailrace tunnel 1 will detect this change and feed it back to the control system.

[0052] Based on the monitoring results of the first fish finder 16, the control system will command the first hydraulic cylinder 3 to start, pushing the auxiliary pulse electric fish barrier 14 to rise vertically, forming another fish barrier wall. The unique triangular cross-section design of the water barrier 15 helps to stabilize the water flow inside the tailrace tunnel, making it flow relatively gently, while the water flow passing through the water barrier 15 will produce fluctuations.

[0053] These water flow fluctuations create a dynamic water flow environment near the dam 15, which, in conjunction with the electric pulse effect of the secondary pulse electric fish barrier 14, jointly drives away fish that are about to enter the tailrace tunnel. When the fish are pushed towards the dam 15 by the water flow fluctuations, they are guided away from the main pulse electric fish barrier 13 by the force of the water flow, thus achieving dual protection and effectively preventing fish from accidentally entering the tailrace system of the hydropower station.

[0054] In the preferred embodiment, permanent piers 7 are provided on both sides of the front end of the tailrace tunnel 1. The upper end of the permanent pier 7 is hinged to one end of the support arm 8, and the other end of the support arm 8 is hinged to the boom 11. The main pulse electric fish barrier 13 is set at the lower end of the boom 11. The permanent pier 7 is used to install the entire main pulse electric fish barrier 13.

[0055] Permanent support structures, permanent piers 7, are specially installed on both sides of the front end of the tailrace tunnel 1. These permanent piers 7 are not only sturdy and durable, but also play an important supporting role. Their upper ends are connected to one end of a telescopic or rotatable support arm 8, forming a flexible mechanical structure. The other end of the support arm 8 is connected to a boom 11 by a hinge, and the main pulse electric fish barrier 13 is set at the lower end of the boom 11.

[0056] This design allows the main pulse electric fish barrier 13 to be raised, lowered, and adjusted in position when needed through the linkage of the support arm 8 and the boom 11, thus enabling flexible deployment of the fish barrier system according to actual needs and changes in water conditions. The presence of the permanent pier 7 ensures the stability and safety of the main pulse electric fish barrier 13 during operation, enabling it to continuously and effectively perform fish barrier tasks in complex hydrological environments.

[0057] A second hydraulic cylinder 9 is installed between one side of the permanent pier 7 and the lower surface of the support arm 8, and a third hydraulic cylinder 10 is installed between the lower surface of the support arm 8 and the boom 11. The second hydraulic cylinder 9 and the third hydraulic cylinder 10 control the angle of the main pulse electric fish barrier 13, and also facilitate the lifting of the main pulse electric fish barrier 13 for maintenance and replacement.

[0058] In its design, a second hydraulic cylinder 9 is installed between the permanent pier 7 and the lower surface of the support arm 8, while a third hydraulic cylinder 10 is installed between the lower surface of the support arm 8 and the boom 11. These two hydraulic cylinders play a crucial role in adjustment and drive.

[0059] The second hydraulic cylinder 9 is mainly used to adjust the angle of the support arm 8 relative to the permanent pier 7, thereby indirectly controlling the overall tilt angle of the main pulse electric fish barrier 13, so that its position and angle underwater can be precisely controlled, enhancing the fish-blocking effect.

[0060] The third hydraulic cylinder 10 is responsible for adjusting the angle between the boom 11 and the support arm 8, thereby realizing the vertical lifting and lowering action of the main pulse electric fish barrier 13. When maintenance, repair, or replacement of parts is required for the main pulse electric fish barrier 13, it can be lifted from the water to above the water surface by the third hydraulic cylinder 10, greatly improving the convenience of equipment maintenance and work efficiency. This carefully designed hydraulic drive system significantly improves the functionality, flexibility, and durability of the entire fish barrier facility.

[0061] In the preferred embodiment, an inspection port 5 is provided in the middle of the tailrace tunnel 1. The upper end of the auxiliary pulse electric fish barrier 14 is connected to the swing arm 4. The middle part of the swing arm 4 is rotatably connected to both sides of the inspection port 5. The upper end of the swing arm 4 extends out of the inspection port 5. A first hydraulic cylinder 3 is also provided above the tailrace tunnel 1. One end of the first hydraulic cylinder 3 is hinged to the tailrace tunnel 1, and the other end is hinged to the upper end of the swing arm 4. The auxiliary pulse electric fish barrier 14 is installed at the inspection port 5, eliminating the need to reinstall other equipment.

[0062] This section provides further details on the layout and maintenance characteristics of the fish-blocking system inside Tailwater Tunnel 1:

[0063] An inspection port 5 is reserved in the middle of the tailrace tunnel 1. The upper end of the auxiliary pulse electric fish barrier 14 is rotatably connected to both sides of the inspection port 5 through the swing arm 4. This means that the auxiliary pulse electric fish barrier 14 can enter and exit through the inspection port 5 without the need for additional devices to complete the installation and maintenance.

[0064] The upper end of the swing arm 4 extends into an inspection port 5, which is connected to the first hydraulic cylinder 3 located above the tailwater hole 1. One end of the first hydraulic cylinder 3 is hinged to the tailwater hole 1, and the other end is hinged to the upper end of the swing arm 4. This allows the first hydraulic cylinder 3 to drive the swing arm 4, thereby adjusting the position and state of the auxiliary pulse electric fish barrier 14 and ensuring its normal operation.

[0065] To protect the hydraulic equipment from moisture corrosion, a protective cover 2 was specially designed to be sealed to the tailrace tunnel 1, and all hydraulic equipment operates safely inside the protective cover 2.

[0066] The drive circuit of the auxiliary pulse electric fish barrier 14 is not located inside the protective cover 2, but is placed in the dry environment outside the tailwater hole 1. Therefore, even if water enters the tailwater hole 1, it will not damage the electrical equipment.

[0067] The secondary pulse electric fish barrier 14, installed after the main pulse electric fish barrier 13 as a secondary protection measure, can effectively prevent some fish from continuing to penetrate into the tailwater hole when the main fish barrier fails or the interception effect is poor, thus providing a more robust protective barrier.

[0068] In the preferred embodiment, a protective cover 2 is provided above the first hydraulic cylinder 3 and the inspection port 5. The protective cover 2 prevents water from flowing out from the inspection port 5. The first hydraulic cylinder 3 is an underwater hydraulic cylinder.

[0069] The first hydraulic cylinder 3 is installed above the inspection port 5 and is covered and protected by the protective cover 2. The protective cover 2 is designed to prevent water from overflowing from the inspection port 5, ensuring that the water flow inside the tailrace tunnel 1 is not disturbed, and at the same time, it can effectively protect the first hydraulic cylinder 3 and related hydraulic systems from damage caused by water leakage.

[0070] Furthermore, it is specifically noted here that the first hydraulic cylinder 3 is an underwater hydraulic cylinder. This means that the hydraulic cylinder is waterproof and can work stably in an underwater environment for a long time, meeting the requirements for driving the auxiliary pulse electric fish barrier 14 in the humid environment inside the tailrace tunnel 1. Underwater hydraulic cylinders typically have good sealing and corrosion resistance, ensuring the normal operation of the equipment in complex aquatic environments without affecting its function.

[0071] In the preferred embodiment, the pulse poles 1306 of the main pulse electric fish barrier 13 and the auxiliary pulse electric fish barrier 14 are flexibly connected to the connecting crossbar 12. The flexible connection is mainly to prevent some debris from impacting the pulse poles 1306 and to prevent debris from accumulating on the pulse poles 1306.

[0072] The pulse poles 1306 of the main pulse electric fish barrier 13 and the auxiliary pulse electric fish barrier 14 are not rigidly fixed to the connecting crossbar 12, but are instead connected using a flexible connection method. The main purpose of the flexible connection design is:

[0073] Impact prevention: In flowing water, various floating objects, garbage, and other debris may impact the fish barrier. The flexible connection provides a buffer when debris or other objects strike the pulse pole 1306, reducing the direct impact force and extending the equipment's lifespan and ensuring its normal operation.

[0074] Preventing Debris Accumulation: Rivers often carry debris such as dead leaves, plastic waste, and other pollutants. If the poles and crossbars are rigidly connected, this debris can easily get stuck in the gaps between them, potentially leading to debris buildup over time. This can affect the transmission of electrical pulses and the fish-blocking effect. A flexible connection design reduces the probability of debris adhesion, keeps the pole surface clean, and improves the effectiveness and reliability of the fish-blocking system.

[0075] In the preferred embodiment, the upper end of the pulse electrode 1306 is hinged to the limiting seat 1301 of the rectangular frame structure. The pulse electrode 1306 rests against the side plates 1302 on both sides of the limiting seat 1301. A spring 1303 is provided at the front end of the pulse electrode 1306 and the limiting seat 1301. When debris in the water flow direction hits the pulse electrode 1306, the pulse electrode 1306 will move forward, preventing the debris from remaining on the pulse electrode 1306. Then, it can return to its original position according to the spring 1303.

[0076] In the design of the main pulse electric fish barrier 13 and the auxiliary pulse electric fish barrier 14, the upper end of each pulse electric rod 1306 is connected to a rectangular frame structure limiting seat 1301. The two side plates 1302 of the limiting seat 1301 provide support and guidance for the pulse electric rod 1306. At the same time, a spring 1303 is also installed at the front end of the pulse electric rod 1306 and the limiting seat 1301.

[0077] When some garbage or floating objects carried by the water flow hit the pulse electric pole 1306, the pulse electric pole 1306 will move slightly forward in the direction allowed by the limit seat 1301 after being impacted. This reduces the possibility of garbage adhering to the electric pole and avoids the impact of garbage accumulation on the effect of electric pulse fish blocking.

[0078] More importantly, the presence of spring 1303 allows the pulse electric rod 1306 to quickly return to its original position after being impacted, always maintaining its correct position as required by the design, ensuring the effectiveness of the pulse electric field and the stability of the fish-blocking function. This design not only enhances the self-cleaning capability of the fish-blocking system but also effectively reduces the risk of equipment failure caused by external factors.

[0079] In the preferred embodiment, the pulse pole 1306 has an inclined side protrusion 1304 at its upper end, the limiting seat 1301 has a limiting platform 1305 at its front end, and the spring 1303 has both ends set on the side protrusion 1304 and the limiting platform 1305; the installation structure is simple.

[0080] The opening direction of the limiting seat 1301 is consistent with the water flow direction. The pulse rod 1306 will rotate forward in the direction of water flow, so that the debris will not stay on the pulse rod 1306, and it can return to its original position according to the spring 1303.

[0081] The pulse pole 1306 has an inclined side protrusion 1304 at its upper end, while the front end of the limiting seat 1301 is equipped with a limiting platform 1305. The two ends of the spring 1303 are fixed to the side protrusion 1304 and the limiting platform 1305 respectively, forming a simple and efficient elastic limiting structure.

[0082] The opening of the limiting seat 1301 is intentionally designed to align with the direction of water flow. This way, when debris carried by the water flow collides with the pulse electrode 1306, the pulse electrode 1306, upon impact, will slightly rotate at a certain angle along the opening of the limiting seat 1301, in the direction of water flow. The advantage of this design is that even if debris comes into contact with the electrode, the rotation of the electrode makes it difficult for debris to adhere to it, effectively preventing debris accumulation.

[0083] Meanwhile, the spring 1303 generates a restoring force after the pole rotates, causing the pulse pole 1306 to automatically return to its original set position, maintaining the normal operation of the fish-blocking system. This design balances the fish-blocking effect with the equipment's self-cleaning capability, simplifies the installation structure, and enhances the system's stability and durability.

[0084] In the preferred embodiment, an electric control station 6 is also provided, which is electrically connected to the main pulse electric fish barrier 13, the secondary pulse electric fish barrier 14, and the fish sonar detector.

[0085] The control station 6 plays a core control role in the entire fish-blocking system. It is electrically connected to the main pulse electric fish-blocking frame 13, the secondary pulse electric fish-blocking frame 14, and the fish sonar detector via wires or cables. The control station 6 is responsible for the intelligent management and monitoring of the entire system's operation, including:

[0086] Control the working status of the main pulse electric fish barrier 13 and the auxiliary pulse electric fish barrier 14, such as turning the pulse power supply on or off, adjusting the intensity and frequency of the pulse electric field, and ensuring the effective implementation of the electric fish barrier function.

[0087] It receives data from fish sonar detectors, monitors the location, number, and swimming direction of fish in real time, and automatically adjusts the operating mode and parameters of the fish-blocking system based on the detection results to achieve the best interception effect on fish.

[0088] In the event of a malfunction or abnormality, the electrical control station 6 can quickly identify the problem and take corresponding measures, such as activating the backup fish barrier or adjusting the position of the fish barrier, to ensure the reliability and safety of the fish barrier system.

[0089] In summary, the electronic control station 6 is the brain of the entire fish-blocking system. Through integrated intelligent control, it achieves a high degree of automation and intelligence in fish-blocking operations.

[0090] Example 2:

[0091] A method for fish-blocking in a fish-blocking system at the tailrace tunnel entrance of a hydropower station, the method comprising:

[0092] The size of the main pulse electric fish barrier 13 and the auxiliary pulse electric fish barrier 14 are designed according to the structure and location of the tailrace tunnel 1, and the pulse electric pole 1306 is installed on the connecting crossbar 12.

[0093] The gate inside the tailrace tunnel 1 is closed, and water-blocking construction is carried out at the entrance of the tailrace tunnel 1. A trench is excavated between the entrance of the tailrace tunnel 1 and the main pulse electric fish barrier 13, and the water-blocking pier 15 is poured.

[0094] The water-blocking pier 15 has blind holes on its inclined surfaces facing the main pulse electric fish barrier 13 and the auxiliary pulse electric fish barrier 14, respectively. The second fish detector 17 and the first fish detector 16 are installed inside the two blind holes, and protective glass is installed outside the blind holes. The protective glass is flush with the surface of the water-blocking pier 15.

[0095] A secondary pulse electric fish barrier 14 is installed inside the tailrace tunnel 1 via a connecting crossbar 12. Specifically, the connecting crossbar 12 is installed on the top wall inside the tailrace tunnel 1.

[0096] A main pulse electric fish barrier 13 is installed in front of the tailrace tunnel 1 opening via a connecting crossbar 12. During installation, an extension bracket can be installed above the opening of the tailrace tunnel 1, and the connecting crossbar 12 on the main pulse electric fish barrier 13 is connected to the extension bracket.

[0097] During drainage maintenance in the tailrace tunnel area, pulse voltage is supplied to the main pulse electric fish barrier 13 to form a pulse wall that blocks fish. In use, the pulse electrodes 1306 on the main pulse electric fish barrier 13 are electrically connected to the two electrodes on the electronic pulse fish barrier in an alternating manner.

[0098] The second fish finder 17 on the front slope of the water-blocking pier 15 begins to monitor the fish in front of the main pulse electric fish barrier 13, and monitors the swimming direction of the fish.

[0099] When the water flow is too strong, the fish-blocking effect of the main pulse electric fish barrier 13 decreases. The first fish finder 16 monitors the fish situation in front of the tailwater hole 1 and provides pulse voltage to the secondary pulse electric fish barrier 14 to form a fish barrier wall. In use, the pulse electric rods 1306 on the secondary pulse electric fish barrier 14 are electrically connected to the two electrodes on the electronic pulse fish barrier in an alternating manner.

[0100] The shape of the water-blocking pier 15 makes the water flow inside the tailwater tunnel 1 relatively stable. The water flow creates water ripples as it passes through the water-blocking pier 15. The secondary pulse electric fish barrier 14 drives the fish away. When the fish reach the position of the water-blocking pier 15, the water ripples will push the fish out of the position of the main pulse electric fish barrier 13.

[0101] The first fish finder 16 and the second fish finder 17 work together to form a monitoring map of the swimming situation of the fish school.

[0102] Example 3:

[0103] The method of blocking fish will be further explained in detail with reference to Embodiment 2, such as... Figure 1-4 The structure shown.

[0104] S1. Excavate foundation pits on both sides of tailrace tunnel 1 and pour cement permanent piers 7. The distance between permanent pier 7 and both sides of tailrace tunnel 1 is 40-80cm. After permanent pier 7 has been cured and hardened, start installing hinged seats on permanent pier 7.

[0105] S2. Based on the structure and location of the tailrace tunnel 1, design the size of the main pulse electric fish barrier 13 and the auxiliary pulse electric fish barrier 14. Assemble the support arm 8 and the boom 11 in the factory. Install the main pulse electric fish barrier 13 on the boom 11. Use a crane to lift the support arm 8 onto the permanent pier 7. Install the support arm 8 and the second hydraulic cylinder 9 on the permanent pier 7.

[0106] S3. Conduct water-blocking construction on the outside of tailrace tunnel 1. Close the gate inside tailrace tunnel 1, excavate a trench between the entrance of tailrace tunnel 1 and the main pulse electric fish barrier 13, and pour water-blocking pier 15.

[0107] The water-retaining pier 15 has blind holes, inside which fish finders are installed, and protective glass is installed on the outside, with the protective glass flush with the surface of the water-retaining pier 15.

[0108] S4. Install the auxiliary pulse electric fish barrier 14 at the inspection port 5 inside the tailrace tunnel 1. Install the swing arm 4 at the upper end of the auxiliary pulse electric fish barrier 14 with the first hydraulic cylinder 3. The auxiliary pulse electric fish barrier 14 and the first hydraulic cylinder 3 are covered with a protective cover 2, which is sealed to the tailrace tunnel 1.

[0109] S5. In the initial state of the auxiliary pulse electric fish barrier 14, the pulse electric rod 1306 of the auxiliary pulse electric fish barrier 14 is stored at the top of the tailwater hole 1 along the direction of water flow.

[0110] In the initial state of the main pulse electric fish barrier 13, the pulse electric rod 1306 of the main pulse electric fish barrier 13 raises the water surface through the second hydraulic cylinder 9 and the third hydraulic cylinder 10.

[0111] S6, the electrical control station 6 controls the second hydraulic cylinder 9 and the third hydraulic cylinder 10 to put the main pulse electric fish barrier 13 into the water and provide pulse voltage to form a pulse wall to block fish;

[0112] The second fish finder 17 on the front slope of the water-blocking pier 15 begins to monitor the fish in front of the main pulse electric fish barrier 13 and monitor the swimming direction of the fish.

[0113] When the water flow is too strong, the fish-blocking effect of the main pulse electric fish barrier 13 decreases, and the first fish detector 16 monitors the fish situation in front of the tailwater hole 1.

[0114] S7. The first hydraulic cylinder 3 pushes the auxiliary pulse electric fish barrier 14 vertically. The auxiliary pulse electric fish barrier 14 is energized to form a fish barrier wall. The shape of the water barrier 15 can make the water flow inside the tailwater hole 1 relatively stable. The water flow creates water ripples as it passes through the water barrier 15. The auxiliary pulse electric fish barrier 14 drives the fish. When the fish reach the position of the water barrier 15, the water ripples will push the fish out of the position of the main pulse electric fish barrier 13.

[0115] S8, the first fish finder 16, and the second fish finder 17 work together to form a monitoring map of the swimming situation of the fish school.

[0116] The above embodiments are merely preferred technical solutions of the present invention and should not be considered as limitations on the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention should be limited to the technical solutions described in the claims, including equivalent substitutions of the technical features described in the claims. That is, equivalent substitutions and improvements within this scope are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fish barrier system for a hydroelectric power station tailrace opening, characterised in that: The main pulse electric fish blocking frame (13), the auxiliary pulse electric fish blocking frame (14) and the water blocking pier (15) are arranged, the main pulse electric fish blocking frame (13) is arranged in front of the tail water tunnel (1) opening, the auxiliary pulse electric fish blocking frame (14) is arranged in the tail water tunnel (1), the protruding water blocking pier (15) is arranged in front of the tail water tunnel (1) opening and is located between the main pulse electric fish blocking frame (13) and the auxiliary pulse electric fish blocking frame (14), the main pulse electric fish blocking frame (13) and the auxiliary pulse electric fish blocking frame (14) all include a plurality of pulse electric poles (1306) arranged side by side, the plurality of pulse electric poles (1306) are arranged on the connecting cross bar (12) to form the pulse electric fish blocking frame, the water blocking pier (15) is respectively provided with the second fish finder (17) and the first fish finder (16) in the inclined surface inner part of the main pulse electric fish blocking frame (13) and the auxiliary pulse electric fish blocking frame (14) respectively.

2. A fish barrier system for a hydroelectric power station tailrace opening as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The lower end of the pulse electric pole (1306) of the main pulse electric fish blocking frame (13) is close to the riverbed bottom.

3. The fish blocking system for the tailrace tunnel of a hydropower station according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The tail water tunnel (1) is provided with permanent piers (7) on both sides of the front end, the upper end of the permanent pier (7) is hinged to one end of the support arm (8), the other end of the support arm (8) is hinged to the hanging arm (11), and the connecting cross bar (12) of the main pulse electric fish blocking frame (13) is installed at the lower end of the hanging arm (11); The second hydraulic cylinder (9) is arranged between one side of the permanent pier (7) and the lower surface of the support arm (8), and the third hydraulic cylinder (10) is arranged between the lower surface of the support arm (8) and the hanging arm (11).

4. A fish barrier system for a hydroelectric power station tailrace opening as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The top of the tail water tunnel (1) is provided with an inspection opening (5), the connecting cross bar (12) of the auxiliary pulse electric fish blocking frame (14) is connected with the swing arm (4), the middle part of the swing arm (4) is rotatably connected with both sides of the inspection opening (5), the upper end of the swing arm (4) extends out of the inspection opening (5), and the first hydraulic cylinder (3) is further arranged above the tail water tunnel (1), one end of the first hydraulic cylinder (3) is hinged to the tail water tunnel (1), and the other end is hinged to the upper end of the swing arm (4).

5. A fish barrier system for a hydroelectric power station tailrace opening as claimed in claim 4, wherein: The first hydraulic cylinder (3) and the inspection opening (5) are provided with a protective cover (2) above.

6. A fish barrier system for a hydroelectric power station tailrace opening as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The pulse electric poles (1306) of the main pulse electric fish blocking frame (13) and the auxiliary pulse electric fish blocking frame (14) are soft connected with the connecting cross bar (12).

7. A fish barrier system for a hydroelectric power station tailrace opening as claimed in claim 6, characterised in that: The upper end of the pulse electric pole (1306) is hinged to the limiting seat (1301) of the rectangular frame structure, the pulse electric pole (1306) is limited on the side plates (1302) on both sides of the limiting seat (1301), and the pulse electric pole (1306) and the limiting seat (1301) are provided with springs (1303) at the front end.

8. A fish barrier system for a hydroelectric power station tailrace opening as claimed in claim 7, characterised in that: The upper end of the pulse electric pole (1306) is provided with an inclined side boss (1304), the front end of the limiting seat (1301) is provided with a limiting table (1305), and the two ends of the spring (1303) are arranged on the side boss (1304) and the limiting table (1305); The opening direction of the limiting seat (1301) is consistent with the water flow direction.

9. A fish barrier system for a hydroelectric power station tailrace opening as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Further comprising an electric control station (6), the electric control station (6) is electrically connected with the main pulse electric fish blocking frame (13), the auxiliary pulse electric fish blocking frame (14) and the fish finder.

10. The fish blocking method for the fish blocking system of the tailrace opening of the hydropower station according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: The method comprises: According to the structure and position of the tail water tunnel (1), the size of the main pulse electric fish blocking frame (13) and the auxiliary pulse electric fish blocking frame (14) is designed; The tailrace tunnel (1) is closed by a gate, and the tailrace tunnel (1) is waterproofly constructed at the tunnel opening, a groove is excavated between the tunnel opening of the tailrace tunnel (1) and the main pulse electric fish barrier (13), and the water retaining pier (15) is poured; Blind holes are formed on the inclined surfaces of the water retaining pier (15) facing the main pulse electric fish barrier (13) and the auxiliary pulse electric fish barrier (14), respectively, and the second fish finder (17) and the first fish finder (16) are installed in the blind holes, respectively, and a protective glass is installed outside the blind holes, and the protective glass is flush with the surface of the poured water retaining pier (15); The auxiliary pulse electric fish barrier (14) is installed in the tailrace tunnel (1) through a connecting cross bar (12); The main pulse electric fish barrier (13) is installed in front of the tunnel opening of the tailrace tunnel (1) through a connecting cross bar (12); During the drainage and maintenance of the tailrace tunnel area, the main pulse electric fish barrier (13) is provided with pulse voltage to form a pulse wall for fish blocking; The second fish finder (17) on the front inclined surface of the water retaining pier (15) starts to monitor the fish group in front of the main pulse electric fish barrier (13), and the swimming direction of the fish group is monitored; When the water flow is too large, the first fish finder (16) monitors the fish group in front of the tailrace tunnel (1) to provide pulse voltage for the auxiliary pulse electric fish barrier (14) to form a fish blocking wall, and the shape of the water retaining pier (15) makes the water flow in the tailrace tunnel (1) relatively stable, the water flow forms water flow fluctuation after passing through the water retaining pier (15), the fish is driven by the auxiliary pulse electric fish barrier (14), the fish group reaches the position of the water retaining pier (15), and the water flow fluctuation formed by the water flow will drive the fish group out of the position of the main pulse electric fish barrier (13); The first fish finder (16) and the second fish finder (17) work cooperatively to form a monitoring diagram of the swimming of the fish group.

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