A composition for a gel electrolyte and an electrochromic device and a method of manufacturing the same

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of electronic devices, in particular to a composition for gel electrolyte, electrochromic device and preparation method thereof. The composition comprises polymerizable monomer, lithium salt, plasticizer and organic dye containing active group; the polymerizable monomer is acrylate compound and optional polymerizable monomer B; the polymerizable monomer B is selected from epoxy carboxylate compound and / or polyurethane monomer; the active group is selected from one or more than two of hydroxyl, carboxyl, cyano, isocyanate, amino, halogen and carbon-carbon double bond. The composition can obtain gel electrolyte containing organic dye after curing. The gel electrolyte can be used in electrochromic device, which can make the device keep fast response time, and the device can present dye color when fading at low voltage, and the device can present superimposed composite color of color-changing material and dye color when coloring, so that a colorful electrochromic device can be obtained.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electronic devices, in particular to a composition for gel electrolyte and electrochromic device and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Electrochromism is a kind of optical property that occurs reversible change under the application of voltage, including reversible transformation of transmittance, absorptance and reflectance. Dynamic change from transparency and different colors is realized by the application of voltage. With the development of electrochromism research, color design is carried out on the molecules of electrochromic materials, and devices with fast color change response speed and different types of color change are obtained. Electrochromic devices can flexibly control different light bands, and electrolyte can display different color changes when different intensity electric fields are applied. Electrochromic devices not only have rich colors and low prices, but also have good application prospects. At present, they are mainly applied to smart phones, smart clothes, smart windows, television display design, low-power displays, automobile rearview mirrors, protective glasses, infrared stealth, electronic ink and the like.

[0003] Although electrochromic materials can realize different color changes through molecular design, there is a single color. The color of electrochromic devices is determined by the electronic structure and optical properties of the electrochromic material itself. For a specific electrochromic material or an electrochromic device prepared, the color change is limited, which greatly limits the application field of electrochromic materials. In recent years, many researchers have proposed structural color fusion, which combines electrochromic materials and structural colors in a specific way, so that the electrochromic material exhibits a structural color different from its intrinsic one. This structural color fusion can overcome the single color of some electrochromic materials and realize the multi-color display effect of electrochromic materials.

[0004] Currently, the research on realizing multi-color display of electrochromic devices includes: all-solid-state electrochromic composite devices and multi-color electrochromic composite films. The main methods are doping, compounding or morphology control, or preparing flexible transparent conductive materials by stacking transparent flexible substrates and conductive layers. For example, in patent application CN104423114A, a PVD decorative plating color layer containing a background color is stacked on the outer transparent conductive layer of a tungsten trioxide-based electrochromic device. When the electrochromic layer is not powered and appears transparent and colorless, the device presents the background color of the PVD itself. When the electrochromic layer is powered and turns blue, the device presents a color that is a combination of blue and the background color of the PVD. Alternatively, in patent application 201910401595.4, a color metal layer containing a background color of copper, silver, tungsten, etc. is stacked on the outer transparent conductive layer of a tungsten trioxide-based electrochromic device. Similar solutions require the design of different decorative plating color layers and the stacking of electrochromic transparent conductive layers, and the use of processes such as magnetron sputtering, electron beam evaporation, ion plating, and thermal evaporation, which are complicated and costly, greatly increasing the complexity of the entire device. In patent application 202210384729.8, the introduction of colored electrolyte iron ions is proposed. The color of the iron ion-containing colored electrolyte layer and the tungsten trioxide electrochromic layer is stacked to form a multi-color electrochromic device. However, liquid electrolyte is used, which is prone to electrolyte leakage and bubble formation, making packaging difficult. Moreover, the device has the problem of rapid self-fading, and requires an external voltage to maintain the color, which is not energy-saving and environmentally friendly. In addition, Fe 3+ has strong oxidizing properties, is unstable, has a large radius, and has slow transfer and transmission in the color-changing material, which leads to a large driving voltage (> 2V) and slow response of the color-changing device. In patent application 201610236332.9, an electrochromic composite material is composed of an oxidizable and reducible substance, an electrolyte, and a pH dye. The oxidizable and reducible substance can cause structural and optical property changes in the pH dye in contact with it through its own acidic reversible changes under the action of an electric field. However, the device structure is complex, the required voltage of the color-changing device is increased, energy consumption is high, it is not environmentally friendly, and the color-changing rate is slow.

[0005] Therefore, how to modulate multi-color electrochromic devices without limitations and make the color-changing component structure relatively simple has become a difficult problem in the field. SUMMARY

[0006] The purpose of the present application is to overcome the problems of complex structure and single color of existing electrochromic devices, and to provide a gel electrolyte composition and an electrochromic device and a preparation method thereof.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present application provides a composition for gel electrolyte, which comprises a polymerizable monomer, a lithium salt, a plasticizer, and an organic dye having an active group;

[0008] wherein the polymerizable monomer is an acrylate compound and an optional polymerizable monomer B; the polymerizable monomer B is selected from an epoxy carboxylate compound and / or a polyurethane monomer;

[0009] The active group is selected from one or more of a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, a cyano group, an isocyanate group, an amino group, a halogen, and a carbon-carbon double bond.

[0010] Preferably, the organic dye having an active group is selected from one or more of an azo dye, an anthraquinone dye, an arylmethane dye, an indigoid dye, a sulfur dye, and an isoflavone compound.

[0011] The epoxy carboxylate compound is a compound having a group represented by Formula I;

[0012]

[0013] Preferably, the epoxy carboxylate compound is selected from one or more of an epoxypropyl methacrylate, 1,2-cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid diglycidyl ester, isocyanuric acid triglycidyl ester, (S)-glycidyl butyrate, glycidyl acrylate, and glycidyl methacrylate.

[0014] Preferably, the acrylate compound is selected from one or more of a polyethylene glycol acrylate, methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, hydroxypropyl methacrylate (tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl methacrylate, isooctyl acrylate, hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, hydroxypropyl acrylate, hydroxypropyl methacrylate, isopropyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, isobutyl acrylate, octyl acrylate, isoamyl acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, polyisobornyl acrylate, tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate, dipropylene glycol diacrylate, and lauryl methacrylate.

[0015] Preferably, the polyurethane monomer is a polyol and an isocyanate;

[0016] Preferably, the polyol is selected from one or more of a polyethylene glycol, a polyethylene glycol diacrylate, a polypropylene glycol, a polytetrahydrofuran alcohol, a polyester ether polyol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, and 1,4-butanediol.

[0017] Preferably, the isocyanate is selected from one or more of toluene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, methylcyclohexyl diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, lanthanine diisocyanate, naphthalene-1,5-diisocyanate and phenylmethylene diisocyanate.

[0018] Preferably, the plasticizer is selected from one or more of ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, glycerol, polyester polyol, polyethylene oxide, cocoyl diethanolamide and phthalates.

[0019] Preferably, the composition further comprises an organic solvent;

[0020] Preferably, the organic solvent is selected from one or more of propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate, ethylene ethylene carbonate, acetonitrile, N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacrylamide, and dimethyl carbonate.

[0021] Preferably, the lithium salt is selected from one or more of lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate, lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, lithium tetrafluoroborate, and lithium perchlorate.

[0022] Preferably, based on the total weight of lithium salt, organic solvent, polymeric monomer and plasticizer, the sum of the amounts of lithium salt and organic solvent is 10-20 wt%, the amount of polymeric monomer is 75-89 wt%, and the amount of plasticizer is 1-5 wt%.

[0023] Preferably, the ratio of lithium salt to organic solvent is 0.03-30 mol: 1 L;

[0024] Preferably, the weight ratio of the organic dye containing active groups to the polymer monomer, lithium salt, plasticizer and organic solvent is 0.001-25:100.

[0025] Preferably, when the polymerizing monomer is an acrylate compound and optionally polymerizing monomer B, the content of polymerizing monomer B in the polymerizing monomer is 5-20 wt%.

[0026] A second aspect of the present invention provides an electrochromic device comprising a colored gel electrolyte layer;

[0027] The colored gel electrolyte layer is obtained by curing the gel electrolyte composition described above.

[0028] Preferably, the electrochromic device further includes an ion storage layer and a color-changing material layer, and the colored gel electrolyte layer is located between the ion storage layer and the color-changing material layer.

[0029] Preferably, the electrochromic device comprises in sequence: a first transparent substrate, a first transparent conductive layer, an ion storage layer, a colored gel electrolyte layer, an electrochromic material layer, a second transparent conductive layer and a second transparent substrate.

[0030] The third aspect of the present application provides a method for preparing an electrochromic device, which comprises placing the gel electrolyte composition described above between an ion storage layer and an electrochromic material layer, and then performing UV curing.

[0031] Preferably, the conditions for UV curing comprise a temperature of 40-60℃ and a time of 1-360min.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] 1. The present application provides a gel electrolyte composition, which, after curing, can obtain a gel electrolyte containing organic dyes. The gel electrolyte can be used in an electrochromic device, which can maintain a relatively fast response time, and can make the device present the color of the dyes when bleaching and the superimposed composite color of the color-changing material and the dyes when coloring at a relatively low voltage (<1.5V), thereby obtaining a colorful electrochromic device.

[0034] 2. The present application provides a colorful electrochromic device, which comprises a first transparent conductive layer, an electrochromic material layer, a colored gel electrolyte, an ion storage layer and a second transparent conductive layer. The colored gel electrolyte layer contains organic dyes and is in direct contact with the electrochromic material layer, and the colorful color change display can be realized through the color superposition of the organic dyes and the electrochromic material.

[0035] 3. The preparation method of the electrochromic device described in the present application is simple, the gel electrolyte composition is placed between the ion storage layer and the electrochromic material layer, and then UV curing is performed, thereby obtaining a gel electrolyte layer containing organic dyes, and the gel electrolyte layer is tightly connected with the ion storage layer and the electrochromic material layer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the electrochromic device according to the preferred embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 is a photographed picture of the colored state and the bleached state of the electrochromic device prepared in Example 1; Figure 3 is a photographed picture of the colored state and the bleached state of the electrochromic device prepared in Example 2; Figure 4 is a photographed picture of the colored state and the bleached state of the electrochromic device prepared in Example 3; Figure 5 is a photographed picture of the colored state and the bleached state of the electrochromic device prepared in Example 4; Figure 6are photographed pictures of the colored state and bleached state of the electrochromic device prepared in Example 5; Figure 7 are photographed pictures of the colored state and bleached state of the electrochromic device prepared in Example 6; Figure 8 are graphs of the results of the cycle stability test of the electrochromic device prepared in Example 1; Figure 9 are graphs of the results of the cycle stability test of the electrochromic device prepared in Example 2.

[0037] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0038] 1 first transparent substrate 2 first transparent conductive layer

[0039] 3 ion storage layer 4 colored gel electrolyte layer

[0040] 5 electrochromic material layer 6 second transparent conductive layer

[0041] 7 second transparent substrate DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the present application. The endpoints of the ranges and any values disclosed herein are not limited to the precise values stated. These endpoints and values are approximations that are already contemplated. For example, it is contemplated that the description contains a number of values that contain certain inaccuracies because of, for example, rounding.

[0043] The first aspect of the present application provides a composition for a gel electrolyte, the composition comprising a polymerizable monomer, a lithium salt, a plasticizer, and an organic dye having an active group;

[0044] wherein the polymerizable monomer is an acrylate compound and an optional polymerizable monomer B; the polymerizable monomer B is selected from the group consisting of an epoxy carboxylate compound and / or a polyurethane monomer;

[0045] The active group is selected from one or more of a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, a cyano group, an isocyanate group, an amino group, a halogen, and a carbon-carbon double bond.

[0046] In the present application, by selecting an organic dye having an active group, it can be coordinated with the polymerizable monomer, and after curing, a colored gel electrolyte for an electrochromic device can be obtained, which can obtain a multi-color electrochromic device by superimposing with an electrochromic material.

[0047] In the present application, there is no special requirement for the type of organic dye, and an organic dye capable of having both color and active group can be selected, and the active group can be combined with the polymerization monomer during the curing process, so that the electrolyte layer formed after curing is a colored gel electrolyte layer.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment, the organic dye containing active group can be selected from one or more of azo dyes, anthraquinone dyes, arylmethane dyes, indigo dyes, sulfur dyes, and isoflavones.

[0049] In a preferred embodiment, the epoxy carboxylate compound is a compound containing a group represented by Formula I;

[0050]

[0051] Further preferably, the epoxy carboxylate compound is selected from one or more of glycidyl methacrylate, 1,2-cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid diglycidyl ester, isocyanuric acid triglycidyl ester, (S)-glycidyl butyrate, glycidyl acrylate, and glycidyl methacrylate; more preferably, one or more of glycidyl methacrylate, glycidyl propylene oxide methacrylate, and glycidyl acrylate.

[0052] According to some preferred embodiments of the present application, when the polymerization monomer is an acrylate compound and an epoxy carboxylate compound, the active group is preferably at least one of a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, and an amino group. Through the cooperation of the epoxy carboxylate compound and the organic dye, the stability of the gel electrolyte with improved performance after curing is improved.

[0053] In the present application, there is no special requirement for the source of the acrylate compound, which can be laboratory-made or commercially available, for example, it can be a commercially available acrylate adhesive. The acrylate compound can be an acrylate compound commonly used in the art that can be polymerized and cured under UV light. In a preferred embodiment, the acrylate compound is selected from one or more of polyethylene glycol acrylate, methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, hydroxypropyl methacrylate, (tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl methacrylate, isooctyl acrylate, hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, hydroxypropyl acrylate, hydroxypropyl methacrylate, isopropyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, isobutyl acrylate, octyl acrylate, isoamyl acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, polyisobornyl acrylate, tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate, dipropylene glycol diacrylate, and lauryl methacrylate; more preferably, one or more of polyethylene glycol acrylate, isooctyl acrylate, hydroxyethyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, isooctyl acrylate, and polyisobornyl acrylate.

[0054] According to some preferred embodiments of the present application, the composition further comprises a curing accelerator. The accelerator can be Irgacure® 184 (1-hydroxy-cyclohexyl-phenyl ketone), TPO (2,4,6(trimethylbenzoyl)diphenyl phosphine oxide), BP (benzophenone) or BDK (benzoin dimethyl ether). There is no particular requirement for the amount of accelerator to be used, and it can be used in the amount conventionally added in the art. In a preferred embodiment, the accelerator is used in a weight ratio of 0.5-4.5: 100, more preferably 1-3: 100, to the amount of polymerizable monomer. In general, when the source of the acrylate compound is a commercially available acrylate adhesive, the adhesive has already been added with an accelerator, and thus the use of the acrylate adhesive can provide both the acrylate compound and the accelerator.

[0055] According to some preferred embodiments of the present application, when the polymerizable monomer is an acrylate compound (i.e., polymerizable monomer B is not used), the active group is preferably a carbon-carbon double bond.

[0056] In the present application, the polyurethane monomer refers to a raw material that can generate a polyurethane compound through a polymerization reaction, and is typically a polyol and an isocyanate compound.

[0057] In a preferred embodiment, the polyol is selected from one or more of polyethylene glycol (PEG), polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA), polypropylene glycol (PPG), polytetramethylene ether glycol (PTMEG), polyester ether polyol (PEP), diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, trimethylolpropane (TMP), pentaerythritol, and 1,4-butanediol.

[0058] In a preferred embodiment, the isocyanate is selected from one or more of toluene diisocyanate (TDI), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), methylcyclohexyl diisocyanate (HTDI), diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate (HMDI), hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), lauryl diisocyanate (LDI), naphthalene-1,5-diisocyanate (NDI), and xylylene diisocyanate (XDI).

[0059] According to some specific embodiments of the present application, when the polymerizable monomer is an acrylate compound and a polyurethane monomer, the active group is preferably at least one of a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, a cyano group, an isocyanate group, and a halogen.

[0060] According to some specific embodiments of the present application, the organic dye containing active groups can be selected from the group consisting of: Light Acid Brilliant Blue GAW, Light Acid Blue MF.BLN, Acid Blue 140, C.I. Disperse Blue 1, C.I. Disperse Blue 87, C.I. Disperse Red 92, Solvent Red 222, Solvent Red 169, Solvent Yellow 167, Solvent Yellow 163, Solvent Violet 14, Solvent Yellow 189, Solvent Red 207, Carminic Acid, Red Orange, Solvent Green 28, Solvent Blue 69, Solvent Violet 26, Solvent Violet 11, Solvent Violet 60, Solvent Violet 31, Solvent Violet 59, Solvent Orange 86, Solvent Red 172, Solvent Violet 13, Solvent Blue 122, Rhein, Reactive Brilliant Blue, Reactive Blue, Reactive Red, Reactive Yellow, Blue Black KN-B, Reactive Light Yellow, Ethyl Red, Basic Red, Basic Blue, Sudan 1, Sudan 3, Sudan IV, Acid Blue, Acid Red, Acid Orange, Direct Yellow, Direct Violet, Direct Blue, 6,6'-(benzo[c][l,2,5]thiadiazole-4,7-diyl)bis(9-methyl-9H-carbazole-6,3-diyl)bis(2-cyanoacrylic acid) (2CZ-BT), 7,7'-(benzo[c][l,2,5]thiadiazole-4,7-diyl)bis(10-methyl-10H-phenothiazine-7,3-diyl)bis(2-cyanoacrylic acid) (2PZ-BT), 7,7'-(2,3-diphenylpyridino[3,4-b]pyrazine-5,8-diyl)bis(10-methyl-10H-phenothiazine-7,3-diyl)bis(2-cyanoacrylic acid) (2PZ-PP), 7,7'-(5,5'-(2,3-diphenylpyridino[3,4-b]pyrazine-5,8-diyl)bis(thiophene-5,2-diyl))bis(10-methyl-10H-phenothiazine-7,3-diyl)bis(2-cyanoacrylic acid) (2PZ-SP), -(7-(4'-((4,5-bis(methylthio)-l,3-dithiol-2-ylidene)methyl)biphenyl-4-yl)-10-butyl-10H-phenothiazin-3-yl)-2-cyanoacrylic acid, 3-(7-(5'-((4,5-bis(methylthio)-l,3-dithiol-2-ylidene)methyl)-2,2'-bithiophen-5-yl)-10-butyl-10H-phenothiazin-3-yl)-2-cyanoacrylic acid, 3-(7-(7-(5-((4,5-bis(methylthio)-l,3-dithiol-2-ylidene)methyl)thiophen-2-yl)benzo[c][l,2,5]thiadiazol-4-yl)-10-butyl-10H-phenothiazin-3-yl)-2-cyanoacrylic acid, 3-(5'-((4,5-bis(methylthio)-l,3-dithiol-2-ylidene)methyl)-2,2'-bithiophen-5-yl)-2-cyanoacrylic acid, 3-(5-(l,4-bis(4-(diphenylamino)phenyl)-6-methyl-6H-indolo[3,2-b]quinoxalin-8-yl)furan-2-yl)-2-cyanoacrylic acid, 3-(5-(l,4-bis(4-(diphenylamino)phenyl)-6-methyl-6H-indolo[3,2-b]quinoxalin-8-yl)furan-2-yl)-2- cyanoacrylic acid, 2-(5-(4,10-bis(4-(diphenylamino)phenyl)-5-methyl-5H-[l,2,5]thiadiazolo[3,4- b]carbazol-7-yl)furan-2-yl)-2-cyanoacrylic acid, 3-(5-(4,10-bis(4-(diphenylamino)phenyl)-5- methyl-5H-[l,2,5]oxadiazolo[3,4-b]carbazol-7-yl)furan-2-yl)-2-cyanoacrylic acid, 3-(5-(4- (diphenylamino)phenyl)furan-2-yl)-2-cyanoacrylic acid, at least one of 4',5,7-trihydroxyisoflavones.

[0061] In the present application, the gel electrolyte-forming composition contains a plasticizer, the use of which is advantageous in facilitating the solidification to form a gel electrolyte layer. In a preferred embodiment, the plasticizer is selected from one or more of ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol (preferably having a weight average molecular weight of 200-400 g / mol), glycerol, polyester polyol (preferably having a weight average molecular weight of 500-3000 g / mol), polyethylene oxide (preferably having a weight average molecular weight of 500000-600000 g / mol), diethanolamide of coconut oil acid, and phthalate ester.

[0062] In a preferred embodiment, the composition further comprises an organic solvent. Further preferably, the organic solvent is selected from one or more of propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate, vinyl ethylene carbonate, acetonitrile, N,N-dimethylformamide, N-N dimethylacrylamide, and dimethyl carbonate.

[0063] In a preferred embodiment, the lithium salt is selected from one or more of lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate, lithium bistrifluoromethanesulfonimide, lithium bisfluorosulfonimide salt, lithium tetrafluoroborate, and lithium perchlorate.

[0064] To further improve the stability and color response of the gel electrolyte formed by curing the composition, the amount of each component in the composition can be reasonably controlled. In a preferred embodiment, the total amount of lithium salt and organic solution is 10-20 wt%, the amount of polymerizable monomer is 75-89 wt%, and the amount of plasticizer is 1-5 wt%, based on the total weight of lithium salt, organic solvent, polymerizable monomer, and plasticizer. Specifically, the total amount of lithium salt and organic solution can be 10 wt%, 11 wt%, 12 wt%, 13 wt%, 14 wt%, 15 wt%, 16 wt%, 17 wt%, 18 wt%, 19 wt%, or 20 wt%, the amount of polymerizable monomer can be 75 wt%, 76 wt%, 78 wt%, 80 wt%, 82 wt%, 83 wt%, 82 wt%, 87 wt%, or 89 wt%, and the amount of plasticizer can be 1 wt%, 2 wt%, 3 wt%, 4 wt%, or 5 wt%.

[0065] According to some preferred embodiments of the present application, when the polymerizable monomer is an acrylate compound and the polymerizable monomer B, the content of the polymerizable monomer B in the polymerizable monomer is 5-20 wt%.

[0066] In a preferred embodiment, the amount ratio of lithium salt to organic solvent is 0.03-30 mol: 1 L, more preferably 0.1-10 mol: 1 L. Specifically, the amount ratio of lithium salt to organic solvent can be 0.1 mol: 1 L, 0.5 mol: 1 L, 1 mol: 1 L, 1.5 mol: 1 L, 2 mol: 1 L, 3 mol: 1 L, 5 mol: 1 L, 8 mol: 1 L, or 10 mol: 1 L.

[0067] In a preferred embodiment, the ratio of the organic dye containing active groups to the sum of the weights of the polymerizable monomer, lithium salt, plasticizer, additive, and organic solvent is 0.001-25: 100, more preferably 0.1-5: 100; specifically, it can be 0.1: 100, 0.5: 100, 0.75: 100, 1: 100, 1.25: 100, 1.5: 100, 2: 100, 3: 100, 4: 100, or 5: 100.

[0068] The second aspect of the present application provides an electrochromic device, which comprises a colored gel electrolyte layer;

[0069] The colored gel electrolyte layer is obtained by curing the gel electrolyte composition described above.

[0070] In a preferred embodiment, the electrochromic device further comprises an ion storage layer and an electrochromic material layer, and the colored gel electrolyte layer is located between the ion storage layer and the electrochromic material layer.

[0071] According to some preferred embodiments of the present application, in combination with Figure 1 The electrochromic device comprises, in sequence, a first transparent substrate 1, a first transparent conductive layer 2, an ion storage layer 3, a colored gel electrolyte layer 4, an electrochromic material layer 5, a second transparent conductive layer 6, and a second transparent substrate 7. Based on the fact that the colored gel electrolyte layer 4 in the electrochromic device contains organic dyes, the multi-color display can be realized by color superposition of the organic dyes and the electrochromic material.

[0072] In the present application, the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate can be any transparent substrate commonly used in the art, and the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate can be made of the same material. For example, the material can be polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polypropylene (PP), or polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), and is preferably PET.

[0073] In the present application, the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer can be made of any transparent conductive material commonly used in the art, for example, ITO conductive glass. The preparation process can also be performed in a conventional manner in the art, for example, the first transparent layer and the second transparent layer can be prepared by physical vapor deposition.

[0074] In the present application, the electrochromic material layer can be made of any electrochromic material commonly used in the art, for example, thiophene and thiophene derivatives, or at least one selected from nickel oxide, titanium oxide, vanadium oxide, zirconium oxide layer, niobium oxide, molybdenum oxide, tantalum oxide, or tungsten oxide. The layer can be obtained by screen printing or physical vapor deposition.

[0075] In the present application, the ion storage layer can be any ion storage layer commonly used in the art, for example, nickel oxide. The layer can be obtained by physical vapor deposition or screen printing.

[0076] The third aspect of the present application provides a method for preparing an electrochromic device, which comprises placing the gel electrolyte composition described above between the ion storage layer and the electrochromic material layer, and then performing UV curing.

[0077] According to some specific embodiments of the present application, the method for preparing an electrochromic device comprises: coating the gel electrolyte composition onto the surface of the electrochromic material layer, then tightly adhering the ion storage layer to the gel electrolyte composition, and then performing UV curing.

[0078] According to some specific embodiments of the present application, the method for preparing an electrochromic device comprises: coating the gel electrolyte composition onto the surface of the ion storage layer, then tightly adhering the electrochromic material layer to the gel electrolyte composition, and then performing UV curing.

[0079] According to another specific embodiment of the present application, the method for preparing the electrochromic device comprises: transferring the gel electrolyte composition between the electrochromic material layer and the ion storage layer, coating using a slit, and then UV curing.

[0080] In the method of the present application, after mixing the components of the gel electrolyte composition, the gel electrolyte composition is placed between the ion storage layer and the electrochromic material layer, and then UV cured to obtain a colored gel electrolyte layer in a gel state. The colored gel electrolyte layer is located between the ion storage layer and the electrochromic material layer, and the two surfaces of the colored gel electrolyte layer are tightly adhered to the ion storage layer and the electrochromic material layer, respectively.

[0081] In a preferred embodiment, the conditions for UV curing include a temperature of 40-60°C and a time of 1-360 min, more preferably 5-30 min.

[0082] The electrochromic device of the present application has a low driving voltage, and the electrochromic material layer can change color and complete color superposition at a driving voltage of 0.3-1.5 V, and has a short response time. After being turned on and off, the colored and decolored states of the device have durability, energy saving and environmental protection. The preparation method is simple and has high reliability, greatly improving the complicated process of the current multicolor electrochromic device.

[0083] The present application will be described in detail below through examples, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto.

[0084] The reagents used in the following examples and comparative examples are all commercially available products unless otherwise specified.

[0085] Example 1

[0086] The composition of the gel electrolyte includes: a polymer monomer, a lithium salt (lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide), a plasticizer (glycerol), an organic solvent (propylene carbonate, PC, AR grade), an organic dye containing an active matrix (carminic acid, the structure is shown in formula (1)), and an initiator (1-hydroxy-cyclohexyl-phenylmethanone);

[0087]

[0088] The polymer monomer is an acrylate compound (methyl methacrylate, hydroxyethyl acrylate, tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate) and a polyurethane monomer (pentaerythritol and toluene diisocyanate TDI);

[0089] Based on the total weight of the lithium salt, the organic solvent, the polymer monomer and the plasticizer, the total amount of the lithium salt and the organic solution is 12 wt%, the amount of the polymer monomer is 85 wt%, and the amount of the plasticizer is 3 wt%;

[0090] The ratio of the amount of lithium salt to the amount of organic solvent is 1.5 mol: 1 L;

[0091] The ratio of the organic dye containing active groups to the sum of the weights of the polymerizable monomer, lithium salt, plasticizer, and organic solvent is 0.25: 100;

[0092] The weight ratio of the amount of initiator to the amount of polymerizable monomer is 1.5: 100.

[0093] The electrochromic device comprises, in sequence, a first transparent substrate, a first transparent conductive layer, an ion storage layer, a colored gel electrolyte layer, an electrochromic material layer, a second transparent conductive layer, and a second transparent substrate.

[0094] The electrochromic material layer is a thiophene derivative with a structure as shown in formula (1-1) and is obtained by screen printing on the surface of the second transparent conductive layer.

[0095] R is n-octyl, and n = 5-30.

[0096] The ion storage layer is nickel oxide and is obtained by physical vapor deposition on the surface of the first transparent conductive layer.

[0097] The first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer are both ITO conductive glass and are obtained by physical vapor deposition on the surfaces of the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate, respectively.

[0098] The first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate are both PET.

[0099] The preparation process of the electrochromic device comprises:

[0100] (1) Dissolve the lithium salt in the organic solvent, then add the polymerizable monomer and the plasticizer, and then add the organic dye containing the active matrix to obtain a gel electrolyte precursor solution;

[0101] (2) Drop the electrolyte precursor solution into the ion storage layer and the electrochromic material layer, perform slot coating therebetween, and then perform UV curing at 45°C for 10 min to obtain the electrochromic device.

[0102] In this embodiment, a series of studies are performed on the prepared device. As shown in Figure 2 , the prepared electrochromic device turns blue-violet under a positive voltage (+1.2 V) and turns red under a negative voltage (-1.2 V). The response time of the device from the colored state blue-violet to the bleached state red is 2-3 s. Moreover, the device has good stability, and the colored state and the bleached state do not obviously attenuate under 20,000 cycles (as shown in Figure 8 ). Figure 8 A is the cycle performance test result, Figure 8 B isFigure 8 A is a partial enlarged schematic view.

[0103] Example 2

[0104] Composition of the gel electrolyte: polymerizable monomer, lithium salt (lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide), plasticizer (polyethylene glycol and polyethylene oxide), organic solvent (propylene carbonate, PC, AR grade), organic dye containing active groups (direct yellow 26, structural formula as shown in formula (2)), initiator (1-hydroxy-cyclohexyl-phenylmethanone);

[0105] The polymerizable monomer is an acrylate compound (methyl methacrylate, hydroxyethyl acrylate, tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate) and an epoxy carboxylate compound (glycidyl methacrylate);

[0106]

[0107] The total weight of lithium salt, organic solvent, polymerizable monomer and plasticizer is taken as the basis, the sum of the amount of lithium salt and organic solution is 10wt%, the amount of polymerizable monomer is 87wt%, and the amount of plasticizer is 3wt%;

[0108] The amount ratio of lithium salt to organic solvent is 3mol:1L;

[0109] The ratio of organic dye containing active groups to the sum of the weights of polymerizable monomer, lithium salt, plasticizer and organic solvent is 0.35:100;

[0110] The weight average molecular weight of polyethylene oxide is 600000g / mol, and the weight average molecular weight of polyethylene glycol is 400g / mol;

[0111] The weight ratio of the amount of initiator to polymerizable monomer is 1.5:100.

[0112] The electrochromic device comprises, in sequence, a first transparent substrate, a first transparent conductive layer, an ion storage layer, a colored gel electrolyte layer, an electrochromic material layer, a second transparent conductive layer and a second transparent substrate;

[0113] The electrochromic material layer is the same as in Example 1;

[0114] The ion storage layer is the same as in Example 1;

[0115] The first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer are the same as in Example 1;

[0116] The first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate are the same as in Example 1.

[0117] The preparation process of the electrochromic device comprises:

[0118] (1) The lithium salt is dissolved in an organic solvent, then the matrix polymer, additives and plasticizers are added, and then the organic dye containing active groups is added to obtain a gel electrolyte precursor solution;

[0119] (2) The electrolyte precursor solution is dropped into the ion storage layer and the electrochromic material layer to perform slot coating, and then UV curing is performed at 45°C for 10 min to obtain an electrochromic device.

[0120] In this embodiment, a series of studies were conducted on the device prepared. As shown in Figure 3 , the prepared electrochromic device turned green under positive voltage (+1.2V) and yellow under negative voltage (-1.2V). The response time of the device from the colored state green to the bleached state yellow was 2-3s. Moreover, the device had good stability, and no obvious attenuation occurred in the colored state and the bleached state under 10000 cycles (as shown in Figure 9 , wherein, Figure 9 A is the cycle performance test result, Figure 9 B is Figure 9 A is a partial enlarged view).

[0121] Example 3

[0122] The composition of the gel electrolyte: polymer monomer, lithium salt (lithium hexafluorophosphate), plasticizer (ethylene glycol and polyoxypropylene with a weight average molecular weight of 500000g / mol), organic solvent (propylene carbonate, PC, AR grade), organic dye containing active groups (active brilliant blue, structural formula as shown in formula (3)), initiator (1-hydroxy-cyclohexyl-phenylmethanone);

[0123] The polymer monomer is an acrylate compound (methyl methacrylate, hydroxyethyl acrylate, tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate) and the polyurethane monomer is trimethylolpropane (TMP) and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI);

[0124]

[0125] Among them, based on the total weight of lithium salt, organic solvent, polymer monomer and plasticizer, the total amount of lithium salt and organic solution is 15wt%, the amount of polymer monomer is 83wt%, and the amount of plasticizer is 2wt%;

[0126] The amount ratio of lithium salt to organic solvent is 1.5mol:1L;

[0127] The ratio of the organic dye containing active groups to the sum of the weights of the polymer monomer, lithium salt, plasticizer and organic solvent is 1:100;

[0128] The weight ratio of the initiator to the amount of the polymerizable monomer is 2:100.

[0129] The electrochromic device comprises, in sequence, a first transparent substrate, a first transparent conductive layer, an ion storage layer, a colored gel electrolyte layer, an electrochromic material layer, a second transparent conductive layer, and a second transparent substrate.

[0130] The electrochromic material layer is a thiophene derivative with a structure as shown in formula (3-1) and is obtained on the surface of the second transparent conductive layer by screen printing.

[0131] n is 5-30.

[0132] The ion storage layer is the same as in Example 1.

[0133] The first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer are the same as in Example 1.

[0134] The first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate are the same as in Example 1.

[0135] The electrochromic device preparation process comprises:

[0136] (1) Dissolve the lithium salt in an organic solvent, then add the matrix polymer, the additive, and the plasticizer, and then add the organic dye containing the active matrix to obtain a gel electrolyte precursor solution;

[0137] (2) Drop the electrolyte precursor solution into the ion storage layer and the electrochromic material layer, perform slot coating therebetween, and then UV cure at 45°C for 10 min to obtain the electrochromic device.

[0138] In this example, a series of studies are performed on the prepared device. As shown in Figure 4 The prepared electrochromic device turns dark brown under a positive voltage (+1.2V) and turns bright blue under a negative voltage (-1.2V). The response time of the device from the colored state of dark brown to the bleached state of bright blue is 2-3 s. Moreover, the device has good stability, and the colored state and the bleached state do not obviously attenuate under 10,000 cycles.

[0139] Example 4

[0140] The composition of the gel electrolyte composition: polymerizable monomer, lithium salt (lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate), plasticizer (dibutyl phthalate), organic solvent (propylene carbonate, PC, AR grade), organic dye containing active matrix (acid orange G, with a structure as shown in formula (4)), initiator (1-hydroxy-cyclohexyl-phenyl ketone);

[0141]

[0142] Among them, the polymerization monomer is an acrylate compound (polyethylene glycol acrylate, methyl methacrylate, isooctyl acrylate, tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate) and an epoxy carboxylate compound (glycidyl methacrylate)

[0143] The total weight of lithium salt, organic solvent, polymerization monomer and plasticizer is taken as the basis, the total amount of lithium salt and organic solution is 10wt%, the amount of polymerization monomer is 87wt%, and the amount of plasticizer is 3wt%;

[0144] The amount ratio of lithium salt to organic solvent is 1.5mol:1L;

[0145] The ratio of organic dye containing active groups to the sum of polymerization monomer, lithium salt, plasticizer and organic solvent is 0.75:100;

[0146] The weight ratio of initiator to the amount of polymerization monomer is 2:100.

[0147] The electrochromic device comprises, in sequence, a first transparent substrate, a first transparent conductive layer, an ion storage layer, a colored gel electrolyte layer, an electrochromic material layer, a second transparent conductive layer and a second transparent substrate;

[0148] The electrochromic material layer is the same as in Example 1;

[0149] The ion storage layer is the same as in Example 1;

[0150] The first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer are the same as in Example 1;

[0151] The first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate are the same as in Example 1

[0152] The electrochromic device preparation process comprises:

[0153] (1) Dissolve the lithium salt in the organic solvent, then add the matrix polymer, the additive and the plasticizer, and then add the organic dye containing active groups to obtain a gel electrolyte precursor solution;

[0154] (2) The electrolyte precursor solution is dropped into the ion storage layer and the electrochromic material layer to perform slit coating, and then UV curing is performed at 45℃ for 10min to obtain the electrochromic device.

[0155] In this embodiment, a series of studies are carried out on the device prepared. For example, Figure 5As shown, the prepared electrochromic device becomes dark brown (biased black) under positive voltage (+1.2V), and the dark brown (biased black) becomes orange yellow under negative voltage (-1.2V). The response time of the device from the colored state of dark brown (biased black) to the bleached state of orange yellow is 3-4S. And the device has good stability, under the condition of 5000 cycles, the colored state and the bleached state do not show obvious attenuation.

[0156] Example 5

[0157] The composition of the gel electrolyte: polymer monomer, lithium salt (lithium bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide), plasticizer (glycerol, polyethylene oxide and polyethylene glycol), organic solvent (propylene carbonate, PC, AR grade), organic dye containing active groups (basic blue, structural formula as formula (5)), initiator (1-hydroxy-cyclohexyl-phenyl ketone);

[0158]

[0159] Among them, the polymer monomer is an acrylate compound (isopropyl methacrylate, methyl methacrylate, hydroxyethyl acrylate, tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate and polyurethane monomer (trimethylolpropane (TMP) and methylcyclohexyl diisocyanate (HTDI));

[0160] Based on the total weight of lithium salt, organic solvent, polymer monomer and plasticizer, the total amount of lithium salt and organic solution is 20wt%, the amount of polymer monomer is 75wt%, and the amount of plasticizer is 5wt%;

[0161] The amount ratio of lithium salt to organic solvent is 3mol:1L;

[0162] The ratio of organic dye containing active groups to the sum of the weights of polymer monomer, lithium salt, plasticizer and organic solvent is 1.25:100;

[0163] The weight average molecular weight of polyethylene oxide is 500000g / mol, and the weight molecular weight of polyethylene glycol is 400g / mol;

[0164] The weight ratio of the amount of initiator to polymer monomer is 2:100.

[0165] The electrochromic device comprises in sequence: a first transparent substrate, a first transparent conductive layer, an ion storage layer, a colored gel electrolyte layer, an electrochromic material layer, a second transparent conductive layer and a second transparent substrate;

[0166] The electrochromic material layer: thiophene derivative, structural formula as formula (5-1), obtained by screen printing on the surface of the second transparent conductive layer;

[0167]

[0168] Ion storage layer: Same as in Example 1;

[0169] First transparent conductive layer and second transparent conductive layer: Same as in Example 1;

[0170] First transparent substrate and second transparent substrate: Same as in Example 1.

[0171] The fabrication process of electrochromic devices includes:

[0172] (1) Dissolve lithium salt in an organic solvent, then add matrix polymer, additives and plasticizer, and then add organic dye containing active matrix to obtain gel electrolyte precursor solution;

[0173] (2) The electrolyte precursor solution is dropped into the space between the ion storage layer and the electrochromic material layer for slit coating, and then UV cured at 45°C for 10 min to obtain the electrochromic device.

[0174] In this embodiment, a series of studies are conducted on the assembled devices. For example... Figure 6 As shown, the fabricated color-changing device turns dark brown (almost black) under a positive voltage (+1.2V) and dark brown (almost black) turns dark blue under a negative voltage (-1.2V). The conversion response time from the colored state (dark brown (almost black)) to the faded state (dark blue) is 3-4 seconds. Furthermore, the device exhibits good stability; after 500 cycles, there is no significant decay in either the colored or faded state.

[0175] Example 6

[0176] Composition of the gel electrolyte composition: polymeric monomer, lithium salt (lithium hexafluorophosphate), plasticizer (dibutyl phthalate and cocoyl diethanolamide), organic solvent (propylene carbonate, PC, AR grade), organic dye containing active matrix (Brilliant Green, structural formula as shown in formula (6)), initiator (1-hydroxy-cyclohexyl-phenyl ketone).

[0177]

[0178] The polymer monomers are acrylate compounds (isopropyl methacrylate, methyl methacrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate) and polyurethane monomers (trimethylolpropane (TMP) and methylcyclohexyl diisocyanate (HTDI)).

[0179] Based on the total weight of lithium salt, organic solvent, polymer monomer and plasticizer, the sum of lithium salt and organic solvent is 18 wt%, polymer monomer is 80 wt% and plasticizer is 2 wt%.

[0180] The ratio of the amount of lithium salt to the amount of organic solvent is 1.5 mol: 1 L;

[0181] The ratio of the organic dye containing active groups to the sum of the weights of the polymerizable monomer, lithium salt, plasticizer, and organic solvent is 3: 100;

[0182] The weight ratio of the amount of initiator to the amount of polymerizable monomer is 2: 100.

[0183] The electrochromic device comprises, in order, a first transparent substrate, a first transparent conductive layer, an ion storage layer, a colored gel electrolyte layer, an electrochromic material layer, a second transparent conductive layer, and a second transparent substrate.

[0184] The electrochromic material layer is the same as in Example 1.

[0185] The ion storage layer is the same as in Example 1.

[0186] The first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer are the same as in Example 1.

[0187] The first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate are the same as in Example 1.

[0188] The electrochromic device preparation process comprises:

[0189] (1) Dissolve the lithium salt in the organic solvent, then add the matrix polymer, the additive, and the plasticizer, and then add the organic dye containing active groups to obtain a gel electrolyte precursor solution;

[0190] (2) Drop the electrolyte precursor solution into the ion storage layer and the electrochromic material layer, perform slot coating, and then UV cure at 50°C for 8 min to obtain the electrochromic device.

[0191] In this example, a series of studies were conducted on the device prepared. As shown in Figure 7 the prepared electrochromic device turned dark green at a positive voltage (+1.2 V) and turned green at a negative voltage (-1.2 V). The response time of the device from the colored state dark green to the bleached state green was 4-5 s. Moreover, the device had good stability, and the colored state and the bleached state did not significantly decay after 500 cycles.

[0192] Example 7

[0193] The method described in Example 1 was followed, except that the ratio of the organic dye containing active groups to the sum of the weights of the polymerizable monomer, lithium salt, plasticizer, and organic solvent was 1.5: 100.

[0194] Example 8

[0195] The procedure of Example 1 was followed except that the ratio of the organic dye containing active groups to the sum of the weights of the polymerizable monomer, lithium salt, plasticizer and organic solvent was 3:100.

[0196] Example 9

[0197] The procedure of Example 1 was followed except that the amounts of lithium salt and organic solvent were in the ratio of 4.5 mol: 1 L.

[0198] Example 10

[0199] The procedure of Example 1 was followed except that the amounts of lithium salt and organic solvent were in the ratio of 4.5 mol: 1 L.

[0200] Example 11

[0201] The procedure of Example 1 was followed except that the ratio of the organic dye containing active groups to the sum of the weights of the polymerizable monomer, lithium salt, plasticizer and organic solvent was 3:100.

[0202] Comparative Example 1

[0203] The procedure of Example 1 was followed except that the dye used was a metal complex dye (structure shown in Formula 7) and the ratio of the dye to the sum of the weights of the polymerizable monomer, lithium salt, plasticizer and organic solvent was 1:100.

[0204]

[0205] In this comparative example, the device was subjected to a series of studies using the same testing methods as the examples and it was found that there was a large decrease in performance after 100 electrochemical cycles.

[0206] Comparative Example 2

[0207] The procedure of Example 1 was followed except that the dye used was a metal complex dye (same as Comparative Example 1) and the ratio of the dye to the sum of the weights of the polymerizable monomer, lithium salt, plasticizer and organic solvent was 5:100.

[0208] In this comparative example, the device was subjected to a series of studies using the same testing methods as the examples and it was found that there was a large decrease in performance after 80 electrochemical cycles.

[0209] Test Example

[0210] The LAB values of the colored state and bleached state of the electrochromic devices prepared in the examples and comparative examples are shown in Table 1.

[0211] Table 1

[0212]

[0213] As can be seen from Table 1, the gel electrolyte layer formed by using the composition of the present application can be combined with the electrochromic material (thiophene derivative) through the contained dye, and color change can be achieved by passing electricity. And the selection and addition amount of the dye can be changed to present different color changes.

[0214] The above describes the preferred embodiments of the present application in detail, but the present application is not limited thereto. Within the technical concept of the present application, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present application, including the combination of various technical features in any other suitable manner, and these simple modifications and combinations should also be considered as the disclosed content of the present application, and all belong to the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An electrochromic device, characterized in that, The electrochromic device comprises a colored gel electrolyte layer, an ion storage layer and an electrochromic material layer, and the colored gel electrolyte layer is located between the ion storage layer and the electrochromic material layer; The colored gel electrolyte layer is obtained by curing a gel electrolyte composition, and the composition comprises a polymerizable monomer, a lithium salt, a plasticizer and an organic dye containing an active group; The polymerizable monomer is an acrylate compound and a polymerizable monomer B; the polymerizable monomer B is selected from an epoxy carboxylate compound and / or a polyurethane monomer; the polyurethane monomer is a polyol and an isocyanate; The active group is selected from one or more of a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, a cyano group, an isocyanate group, an amino group, a halogen and a carbon-carbon double bond; the active group can be combined with the polymerizable monomer during curing, so that the electrolyte layer formed after curing is a colored gel electrolyte layer; The organic dye containing an active group is selected from one or more of an azo dye, an anthraquinone dye, an arylmethane dye, an indigoid dye, a sulfur dye and an isoflavone compound.

2. The electrochromic device of claim 1, wherein, The epoxy carboxylate compound is a compound containing a group represented by Formula I; Formula I.

3. The electrochromic device of claim 2, wherein, The epoxy carboxylate compound is selected from one or more of 1,2-cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid diglycidyl ester, (S)-butyric acid glycidyl ester, acrylic acid glycidyl ester and methacrylic acid glycidyl ester.

4. The electrochromic device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The acrylate compound is selected from one or more of polyethylene glycol acrylate, methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, isooctyl acrylate, hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, hydroxypropyl acrylate, hydroxypropyl methacrylate, isopropyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, isobutyl acrylate, octyl acrylate, isoamyl acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate, dipropylene glycol diacrylate and lauryl methacrylate.

5. The electrochromic device of claim 1, wherein, The polyol is selected from one or more of polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polytetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, polyester ether polyol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol and 1,4-butanediol.

6. The electrochromic device of claim 1, wherein, The isocyanate is selected from one or more of toluene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, methylcyclohexyl diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, lysine diisocyanate, naphthalene-1,5-diisocyanate and xylylene diisocyanate.

7. The electrochromic device of claim 1, wherein, The plasticizer is selected from one or more of ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, glycerol, polyester polyol, polyethylene oxide, coconut oil diethanolamide and phthalate.

8. The electrochromic device of claim 1, wherein, The lithium salt is selected from one or more of lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate, lithium bistrifluoromethanesulfonimide, lithium bisfluorosulfonimide salt, lithium tetrafluoroborate and lithium perchlorate.

9. The electrochromic device of claim 1, wherein, The composition further comprises an organic solvent.

10. The electrochromic device of claim 9, wherein, The organic solvent is selected from one or more of propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate, vinyl ethylene carbonate, acetonitrile, N,N-dimethylformamide, N-N dimethylacrylamide and dimethyl carbonate.

11. The electrochromic device of claim 9, wherein, The total weight of the lithium salt, the organic solvent, the polymerizable monomer and the plasticizer is taken as the base, the total amount of the lithium salt and the organic solvent is 10-20wt%, the amount of the polymerizable monomer is 75-89wt%, and the amount of the plasticizer is 1-5wt%.

12. The electrochromic device of claim 11, wherein, The amount ratio of the lithium salt to the organic solvent is 0.03-30mol:1L.

13. The electrochromic device of claim 11, wherein, The ratio of the organic dye containing active groups to the total weight of the polymerizable monomer, the lithium salt, the plasticizer and the organic solvent is 0.001-25:

100.

14. The electrochromic device of claim 1, wherein, The content of the polymerizable monomer B in the polymerizable monomer is 5-20wt%.

15. The electrochromic device of claim 1, wherein, The electrochromic device comprises, in sequence, a first transparent substrate, a first transparent conductive layer, an ion storage layer, a colored gel electrolyte layer, an electrochromic material layer, a second transparent conductive layer and a second transparent substrate.

16. A method of preparing the electrochromic device of claim 1, characterized in that, The method comprises placing the gel electrolyte composition between the ion storage layer and the electrochromic material layer, and then performing UV curing.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein, The conditions of the UV curing include a temperature of 40-60℃ and a time of 1-360min.

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