A Peach Tree Shape and Planting Method

Abstract

A peach tree shape and planting method are disclosed. The tree shape includes a main trunk with six parallel main branches on both sides, forming three layers (upper, middle, and lower) in pairs. The lower layer main branches are longer than the middle layer main branches, and the middle layer main branches are longer than the upper layer main branches. The main branches are all oriented east-west, and each main branch has two parallel lateral branches at its outer end, which are oriented north-south. Several fruit branches are perpendicular to the ground below the lateral branches. Peach seedlings are planted in rows in the field with a spacing of 1 meter between plants and 3 meters between rows. Several planting frames are set at both ends and in the middle of each row. As the peach seedlings grow, they are pruned into the above-mentioned tree shape. The lower layer main branches are tied to the lower layer steel wire of the planting frame, the middle layer main branches are tied to the middle layer steel wire of the planting frame, and the upper layer main branches are tied to the upper layer steel wire of the planting frame. The lateral branches are tied to the corresponding lower, middle, and upper steel wires, and several fruit branches are retained below the lateral branches.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of peach tree planting technology, and in particular relates to a peach tree shape and planting method. Background Technology

[0002] Peaches are a major global fruit, grown in over 70 countries and regions worldwide. Peach-producing areas are mainly concentrated between 30° and 40° north and south latitude. my country is the world's largest peach producer, accounting for more than 50% of the global cultivated area. Currently, peach cultivation is characterized by high labor and agricultural input costs, high yields and quality in the early stages but lower yields later, and increasingly shorter orchard lifespans. Simultaneously, with rising living standards, consumer demand for high-quality fruit far exceeds that for ordinary fruit; peaches with uniform appearance, beautiful color, good taste, and high quality will become the ultimate choice in the market.

[0003] Currently, peach trees are generally trained into central leader and V-shaped free forms. Compared to the original open-center form, this improves their adaptability to mechanized management, but it still cannot achieve mechanized pruning and harvesting. Furthermore, peach trees are light-loving species with high light requirements; uneven light exposure during growth can lead to a series of problems. Existing tree shapes all suffer from insufficient sunlight in the upper parts and poorer sunlight in the lower parts, easily resulting in better quality fruit at the top and lower parts at the bottom, making it difficult to achieve consistent fruit quality throughout the tree. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a peach tree shape and planting method to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: a peach tree shape, including a main trunk, with six main branches parallel to the ground on both sides of the main trunk, and the six main branches are arranged in pairs to form upper, middle and lower layers, with the length of the lower layer main branches being greater than the length of the middle layer main branches, and the length of the middle layer main branches being greater than the length of the upper layer main branches; all the main branches are located in the east-west direction, and the outer end of each main branch has at least one lateral branch parallel to the ground, and the lateral branches are all located in the north-south direction; below each lateral branch are several fruit branches perpendicular to the ground.

[0006] The lower main branches are 60-80cm from the ground, the middle main branches are 50-60cm from the lower main branches, and the upper main branches are 50-60cm from the middle main branches.

[0007] The main branches in the lower layer are 55-65cm long, the main branches in the middle layer are 35-45cm long, and the main branches in the upper layer are 15-25cm long.

[0008] A method for planting peach trees in a specific shape.

[0009] Step 1: Plant peach seedlings in rows along the north-south direction in the field, with a plant spacing of about 1m and a row spacing of about 3m.

[0010] Step 2: Set up several planting frames at both ends and in the middle of each row. Each planting frame includes a column fixed to the ground, and lower, middle and upper crossbeams symmetrically fixed to the column from bottom to top along the east-west direction. The lengths of the lower, middle and upper crossbeams gradually decrease. The two ends of the lower crossbeam are connected by lower steel wires, the two ends of the middle crossbeam are connected by middle steel wires, and the two ends of the upper crossbeam are connected by upper steel wires, so that the lower, middle and upper steel wires are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the peach seedling.

[0011] Step 3: As the peach sapling grows, gradually prune it into the shape described above, and gradually tie and fix the lower main branches to the lower wire, the middle main branches to the middle wire, and the upper main branches to the upper wire; the side branches are tied and fixed along their corresponding lower, middle, and upper wires, and several fruit branches hanging down to the ground are retained below the side branches.

[0012] The lower crossbeam is 110-130cm long and 60-80cm high from the ground; the middle crossbeam is 70-90cm long and 50-60cm high from the lower crossbeam; and the upper crossbeam is 30-50cm long and 50-60cm high from the middle crossbeam.

[0013] Six to eight fruit branches are retained below each lateral branch, and the distance between two adjacent fruit branches is 13 to 17 cm.

[0014] Ground anchors are provided on the outer sides of the planting frame at both ends of each row. The ground anchors are fixedly connected to the two ends of the lower steel wire, the middle steel wire, and the upper steel wire, respectively.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. This invention designs the peach tree into a "one trunk, six branches" shape, that is, one main trunk and six main branches symmetrically distributed on both sides of the main trunk. The six main branches are located in the east-west direction and gradually shorten from bottom to top, making the whole tree shape narrow at the top and wide at the bottom. The lateral branches are distributed in the north-south direction at the ends of the six main branches, and the fruit-bearing branches are distributed below the lateral branches. This solves the problem of poor light in the lower part of the tree, realizes uniform light in the upper and lower parts, and uniform fruit quality. According to preliminary calculations, the rate of high-quality fruit is increased by more than 30%, and the economic benefits are increased by more than 35%.

[0017] 2. This invention achieves tree shape standardization. After planting in rows in a north-south direction, all trees are basically the same in size and shape. After the fruit tree pruning robot sets the pruning parameters according to the standard tree shape parameters, it moves in the north-south direction to achieve standardized pruning of the entire row of peach trees. This truly realizes the mechanization of pruning peach trees in the field, greatly improves pruning efficiency, significantly reduces labor costs, and significantly improves economic benefits.

[0018] 3. This invention achieves tree shape standardization, and the fruit branches are basically in the same position on each tree. After the fruit tree picking robot sets the picking parameters according to the tree shape standard parameters, it moves in the north-south direction and can pick the fruit on the entire row of peach trees. This truly realizes the mechanization of peach fruit picking in the field, greatly improves picking efficiency, significantly reduces labor costs, and significantly improves economic benefits.

[0019] 4. This invention ensures that peach trees grow into a standard tree shape by constructing planting frames. Once the standard tree shape is formed, the tree shape and fruit branches can be positioned, achieving standardization of tree shape in large-scale peach orchards and creating favorable conditions for mechanized pruning and harvesting. It achieves 95% mechanization of operations in large-scale peach orchards, laying a solid foundation for digital agriculture. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the peach tree structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the planting frame structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the planting frame of the present invention in use. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-3 The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0024] A peach tree shape includes a main trunk 1, with six main branches 2 parallel to the ground on both sides of the main trunk 1. The six main branches 2 are arranged in pairs to form upper, middle and lower layers, with the lower layer main branches 2 being longer than the middle layer main branches 2, and the middle layer main branches 2 being longer than the upper layer main branches 2. The main branches 2 are all located in an east-west direction, and the outer ends of the main branches 2 have two side branches 3 parallel to the ground, which are all located in a north-south direction. Below the side branches 3 are several fruit branches 4 perpendicular to the ground.

[0025] Preferably, the lower main branch 2 is 60-80cm from the ground, the middle main branch 2 is 50-60cm from the lower main branch 2, and the upper main branch 2 is 50-60cm from the middle main branch 2.

[0026] Preferably, the length of the lower main branch 2 is 55-65cm, the length of the middle main branch 2 is 35-45cm, and the length of the upper main branch 2 is 15-25cm.

[0027] In one specific embodiment, the lower main branch 2 is 70cm from the ground and has a length of 60cm; the middle main branch 2 is 55cm apart from the lower main branch 2 and has a length of 40cm; the upper main branch 2 is 55cm apart from the middle main branch 2 and has a length of 20cm.

[0028] The planting method for the above-mentioned peach tree shape is as follows:

[0029] Step 1: Plant peach seedlings in rows along the north-south direction in the field, with a plant spacing of about 1m and a row spacing of about 3m.

[0030] Step 2: Install several planting frames 5 at both ends and in the middle of each row. Each planting frame 5 includes a column 5-1 fixed to the ground, and a lower crossbeam 5-2, a middle crossbeam 5-3, and an upper crossbeam 5-4 symmetrically fixed to the column 5-1 from bottom to top along the east-west direction. The lengths of the lower crossbeam 5-2, the middle crossbeam 5-3, and the upper crossbeam 5-4 gradually decrease. The two ends of the lower crossbeam 5-2 are connected in series by a lower steel wire 5-5, the two ends of the middle crossbeam 5-3 are connected in series by a middle steel wire 5-6, and the two ends of the upper crossbeam 5-4 are connected in series by an upper steel wire 5-7, so that the lower steel wire 5-5, the middle steel wire 5-6, and the upper steel wire 5-7 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the peach seedling.

[0031] Step 3: As the peach saplings grow, gradually prune them into the tree shape described above, and gradually tie and fix the lower main branches 2 to the lower steel wire 5-5, the middle main branches 2 to the middle steel wire 5-6, and the upper main branches 2 to the upper steel wire 5-7; the side branches 3 are tied and fixed along their corresponding lower steel wire 5-5, middle steel wire 5-6, and upper steel wire 5-7 respectively, and several fruit branches 4 hanging down to the ground are retained below the side branches 3.

[0032] Furthermore, ground anchors 5-8 are provided on the outer sides of the planting frame 5 at both ends of each row. The ground anchors 5-8 are fixedly connected to the two ends of the lower steel wire 5-5, the middle steel wire 5-6, and the upper steel wire 5-7, respectively. The ground anchors 5-8 tighten the lower steel wire 5-5, the middle steel wire 5-6, and the upper steel wire 5-7, ensuring standardized tree shape and providing support for the lateral branches 3, which is conducive to increasing the number of fruits on the fruit branches 4.

[0033] Preferably, the lower crossbeam 5-2 has a length of 110-130cm and a height of 60-80cm from the ground, the middle crossbeam 5-3 has a length of 70-90cm and a height of 50-60cm from the lower crossbeam 5-2, and the upper crossbeam 5-4 has a length of 30-50cm and a height of 50-60cm from the middle crossbeam 5-3.

[0034] Preferably, 6-8 fruit branches 4 are retained below the lateral branch 3, and the distance between two adjacent fruit branches 4 is 13-17cm.

[0035] In one specific embodiment, the column 5-1 is a cement pole with a net height of 1.8 meters and the spacing between adjacent cement poles is 10-12 meters. The lower crossbeam 5-2, the middle crossbeam 5-3, and the upper crossbeam 5-4 are all made of 4×5cm angle steel, with the upper angle steel being 40cm long, the middle angle steel being 80cm long, and the lower angle steel being 120cm long. The center of the angle steel is fixedly connected to the cement pole, and through holes are drilled at both ends of the angle steel. The lower steel wire 5-5, the middle steel wire 5-6, and the upper steel wire 5-7 pass through the through holes to connect the upper angle steel, the middle angle steel, and the lower angle steel together. The first and last ends are fixed to the ground anchor 5-8.

[0036] This invention ensures that peach trees grow into a standardized shape by constructing planting frames. Once the standardized tree shape is achieved, the tree shape and fruit branches can be positioned, thus standardizing the tree shape. After planting in north-south rows, all trees are essentially the same size and shape. A fruit tree pruning robot, after setting pruning parameters according to the standard tree shape parameters, moves along the north-south direction between rows to achieve standardized pruning of the entire row of peach trees. Furthermore, the fruit branches are positioned almost consistently on each tree. Similarly, a fruit tree harvesting robot, after setting harvesting parameters according to the standard tree shape parameters, moves along the north-south direction between rows to harvest the fruit from the entire row of peach trees. This truly achieves mechanized pruning and harvesting of peach trees in the field, significantly improving pruning and harvesting efficiency, greatly reducing labor costs, and significantly enhancing economic benefits.

[0037] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent variations made to the content described in the claims of the present invention should be included within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A peach tree form, characterized by: The peach tree shape includes a main stem (1), the main stem (1) has six main branches (2) parallel to the ground on both sides, and the six main branches (2) are formed into upper, middle and lower three layers in pairs, and the length of the main branch (2) of the lower layer is greater than that of the middle layer, and the length of the main branch (2) of the middle layer is greater than that of the upper layer; the main branches (2) are located in the east-west direction, and the outer end of the main branch (2) has at least one side branch (3) parallel to the ground, and the side branch (3) is located in the north-south direction; the side branch (3) has a plurality of fruit branches (4) perpendicular to the ground below. The planting method of the peach tree shape is as follows: Step 1: planting peach seedlings in rows along the north-south direction in the field, with a plant spacing of about 1m and a row spacing of about 3m; Step 2: setting a plurality of planting frames (5) at both ends and in the middle of each row, the planting frame (5) includes a vertical column (5-1) fixed to the ground, a lower layer cross beam (5-2), a middle layer cross beam (5-3) and an upper layer cross beam (5-4) fixed symmetrically on the vertical column (5-1) along the east-west direction from bottom to top, and the length of the lower layer cross beam (5-2), the middle layer cross beam (5-3) and the upper layer cross beam (5-4) gradually decreases; the two ends of the lower layer cross beam (5-2) are connected in series by a lower layer steel wire (5-5), the two ends of the middle layer cross beam (5-3) are connected in series by a middle layer steel wire (5-6), and the two ends of the upper layer cross beam (5-4) are connected in series by an upper layer steel wire (5-7), so that the lower layer steel wire (5-5), the middle layer steel wire (5-6) and the upper layer steel wire (5-7) are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the peach seedling; Step 3: as the peach seedling grows, it is gradually pruned into the shape, and the lower layer main branch (2) is gradually bound and fixed with the lower layer steel wire (5-5), the middle layer main branch (2) is bound and fixed with the middle layer steel wire (5-6), and the upper layer main branch (2) is bound and fixed with the upper layer steel wire (5-7); the side branch (3) is bound and fixed along the corresponding lower layer steel wire (5-5), middle layer steel wire (5-6) and upper layer steel wire (5-7), and a plurality of fruit branches (4) perpendicular to the ground are reserved below the side branch (3).

2. The peach tree form according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the lower layer main branch (2) and the ground is 60-80cm, the distance between the middle layer main branch (2) and the lower layer main branch (2) is 50-60cm, and the distance between the upper layer main branch (2) and the middle layer main branch (2) is 50-60cm.

3. The peach tree form according to claim 2, wherein: The length of the lower layer main branch (2) is 55-65cm, the length of the middle layer main branch (2) is 35-45cm, and the length of the upper layer main branch (2) is 15-25cm.

4. The peach tree form of claim 1, wherein: The length of the lower layer cross beam (5-2) is 110-130cm, and the height from the ground is 60-80cm; the length of the middle layer cross beam (5-3) is 70-90cm, and the height from the lower layer cross beam (5-2) is 50-60cm; the length of the upper layer cross beam (5-4) is 30-50cm, and the height from the middle layer cross beam (5-3) is 50-60cm.

5. The peach tree form of claim 1, wherein: The lower layer cross beam (5-2) has 6-8 fruit branches (4) reserved below the side branch (3), and the distance between adjacent two fruit branches (4) is 13-17cm.

6. The peach tree form according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: The outer side of the planting frame (5) at both ends of each row is provided with a ground anchor (5-8), which is fixedly connected with both ends of the lower steel wire (5-5), the middle steel wire (5-6) and the upper steel wire (5-7) respectively.

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