A high-efficiency and high-quality cultivation method of citrus

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of efficient high-quality cultivation methods of citrus, it is related to fruit tree cultivation technical field.The cultivation method of the application includes the following steps: soil deep ploughing and deep ripping treatment, planting citrus virus-free seedlings, mechanical weeding, disease and pest control, compound beneficial microorganism bacterial agent is leached and applied, biological organic fertilizer is applied, water, fertilizer and medicine are combined and managed and pre-market treatment;The compound beneficial microorganism bacterial agent is mainly composed of 10-20 parts of sinodelta weissella, 2-10 parts of nitrogen-producing pseudomonas, 15-25 parts of lactobacillus helveticus and 1-10 parts of pedioccoccus pentosaceus;The pre-market treatment is to alternately apply glucose powder and molasses powder to the roots two months before marketing.The application realizes the improvement of citrus in coloring, quality and yield through a series of technical means such as soil deep ploughing and deep ripping treatment, planting citrus virus-free seedlings, mechanical weeding, disease and pest control, compound beneficial microorganism bacterial agent is leached and applied, biological organic fertilizer is applied, water, fertilizer and medicine are combined and managed and pre-market treatment, and has efficient and high-quality planting effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fruit tree cultivation technology, and in particular to a method for cultivating citrus with high efficiency and high quality. Background Technology

[0002] The citrus industry in Guangxi has developed rapidly. Data shows that in 2022, Guangxi's citrus planting area reached 9.48 million mu (approximately 665,000 hectares), with an annual output of about 18.68 million tons, accounting for 28.37% of the national total. Although the citrus industry has developed rapidly, there are many problems in production, such as inconsistent yield and quality. The most obvious issue is the coloring and diameter of the fruit; some fruits are orange-red and large, while others are orange-yellow and small. Fruit coloring is an important indicator of appearance quality and largely determines the market value of the fruit. Generally, the redder the fruit, the better its antioxidant and anti-cancer biological functions, such as the presence of carotenoids and flavonoids, resulting in higher nutritional value and a higher price. In citrus production, we have found that orange-red and orange-yellow citrus fruits coexist in orchards, seriously affecting the appearance quality of the fruit. Meanwhile, due to the rapid development of citrus cultivation, management techniques have lagged behind, leading to a high incidence of diseases and pests such as Huanglongbing (HLB), citrus canker, yellow vein disease, senescence disease, psyllids, spider mites, thrips, and aphids. This results in low yields, significant losses for fruit growers, and severely restricts the sustainable development of the citrus industry. Therefore, it is worthwhile to explore and research cultivation measures to promote fruit coloring, reduce disease incidence, and increase yield.

[0003] Current research on citrus fruit coloring measures mainly focuses on: using exogenous application of growth regulators such as naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and abscisic acid (ABA) to improve fruit coloring; and spraying lime sulfur solution at 0.5 Baume degrees 1-3 times in September and October to promote fruit coloring. However, there are problems with the difficulty in controlling the timing, concentration, and type of application, and slight carelessness can easily lead to adverse effects. Current research on citrus yield-increasing measures mainly focuses on: using exogenous application of beneficial microorganisms such as Bacillus and Actinomycetes to increase yield; using plant growth regulators such as diethylaminoethanol hexanoate (DA-6), 3,4-dichlorophenoxy-ethyl-diethylamine (DCPTA), fulvic acid, and sodium nitrophenolate to increase yield; and increasing the use of organic fertilizer and mineral nutrients to increase yield. However, there are problems with unreasonable application of plant growth regulators and fertilization, leading to low yield and quality. Current measures to reduce citrus disease incidence mainly involve manual low-pressure spraying of chemical pesticides, but the control efficiency is low, and the effect on Huanglongbing (HLB) is not obvious.

[0004] In response to the above-mentioned problems, the purpose of this invention is to provide a method for cultivating citrus fruits that is efficient and of high quality. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the above shortcomings, this invention provides a highly efficient and high-quality citrus cultivation method. Through a series of technical measures, including deep soil tillage and loosening, planting virus-free citrus seedlings, mechanical weeding, pest and disease control, application of compound beneficial microbial agents, application of bio-organic fertilizer, combined water, fertilizer, and pesticide management, and pre-market treatment, this method improves the coloring, quality, and yield of citrus, achieving highly efficient and high-quality cultivation results. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0006] A method for cultivating high-efficiency and high-quality citrus includes the following steps:

[0007] (1) Soil deep tillage and loosening treatment: Before establishing a citrus orchard, the soil in the orchard should be treated using a deep tillage and loosening cultivation method;

[0008] (2) Planting virus-free citrus seedlings: After deep tilling and loosening of the soil, dig small pits to plant virus-free citrus seedlings;

[0009] (3) Mechanical weeding;

[0010] (4) Disease and pest control;

[0011] (5) Apply compound beneficial microbial agent by drenching: Apply compound beneficial microbial agent by drenching 2-3 times a year, with each application amount being 100-150g / plant;

[0012] (6) Apply bio-organic fertilizer: Apply bio-organic fertilizer to the roots once a year from June to August. When using the bio-organic fertilizer, add 1%-3% of compound beneficial microbial agents.

[0013] (7) Pre-market treatment: Two months before market launch, apply 300-500 times diluted glucose powder and 200-300 times diluted molasses powder to the roots every 7-15 days, with each application of 20-40 kg / plant. In addition, apply 300-500 times diluted glucose powder and 100-300 times diluted molasses powder to the leaves 1-2 times, staggering the application from the root application.

[0014] The compound beneficial microbial agent mainly consists of 10-20 parts of Weissella esculenta, 2-10 parts of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 15-25 parts of Lactobacillus crustacea, and 1-10 parts of Pediococcus pentosaceus.

[0015] Furthermore, the deep tillage and loosening cultivation mode involves using a Dyneema tractor with a single plow head or a large excavator to till the soil to a depth of 50-60cm and then harrow it.

[0016] Furthermore, the virus-free citrus seedlings are heat-treated shoot tip ultra-low temperature virus-free seedlings. The heat-treated shoot tip ultra-low temperature virus-free seedlings are obtained by first treating the citrus plants in humid and hot air at 40-50℃ for 10-20 hours, and then taking the shoot tips and treating them in liquid nitrogen and cultivating them.

[0017] Furthermore, the mechanical weeding is carried out using a tracked weeding and spraying integrated machine.

[0018] Furthermore, the pest and disease control measures involve spraying pesticides using drones or high-pressure spraying systems.

[0019] Furthermore, the compound beneficial microbial agent is applied by mixing the compound beneficial microbial agent with 100-200 times its weight of water before use; the compound beneficial microbial agent is applied for any two or three months from March, April, July, October, November, and December.

[0020] Furthermore, the compound beneficial microbial agent mainly consists of 16 parts of Weissella taurida, 8 parts of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 22 parts of Lactobacillus taurida and 5 parts of Pediococcus pentosaceus.

[0021] Furthermore, the bio-organic fertilizer contains ≥60% organic matter, ≥200 million effective live bacteria per gram, and contains 12% mineral humic acid, tobacco dust, and traditional Chinese medicine; the effective live bacteria are Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus mucilaginosus; the traditional Chinese medicine is any one of Chrysanthemum rotundus, Isatis indigotica, Scutellaria baicalensis, Lonicera japonica, and Illicium verum.

[0022] Furthermore, the cultivation method also includes a water-fertilizer-pesticide combined management step, which is as follows: in May and June each year, apply 100-200 ml / plant of compound Bacillus fertilizer, DA-61-2 g / plant, 100-200 g / plant of balanced macro-element water-soluble fertilizer, and 100-200 g / plant of amino acid raw powder monthly; in August and September each year, apply 200-300 ml / plant of the developed Baowo No. 6, 100-200 g / plant of high-nitrogen macro-element fertilizer, and DA-61-2 g / plant monthly; the compound Bacillus fertilizer is mainly composed of 10-15 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 3-10 parts of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 5-10 parts of Bacillus colloidis, and 15-20 parts of amino acid raw powder.

[0023] Furthermore, the Baowo No. 6 contains EM bacteria, 5-10 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 5-10 parts of Bacillus mucilaginosa, 1-5 parts of calcium, 0.2-0.5 parts of magnesium, 0.5-1 parts of chelated iron, 0.03-0.1 parts of zinc and 0.01-0.05 parts of boron.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0025] 1. This invention employs a series of technical measures, including deep soil tillage and loosening, planting virus-free citrus seedlings, mechanical weeding, pest and disease control, application of compound beneficial microbial agents, application of bio-organic fertilizer, combined water, fertilizer, and pesticide management, and pre-market treatment. These measures enhance the coloring, quality, and yield of citrus fruits, resulting in highly efficient and high-quality cultivation. Using this cultivation method, citrus yields are high, averaging over 6000 kg per mu; fruit quality is high, with high sweetness, clean and smooth surface, and an orange-red color; disease incidence is low, reducing chemical pesticide use by 20% and improving management efficiency by over 15%, thus enhancing the core competitiveness of the citrus industry.

[0026] 2. The compound beneficial microbial agent of the present invention is mainly composed of *Westernella taurida*, *Pseudomonas aeruginosa*, *Lactobacillus crustacea*, and *Pediococcus pentosaceus*. Using the compound beneficial microbial agent of the present invention can promote citrus coloring and increase fruit diameter.

[0027] 3. This invention employs a deep tillage and loosening method to improve soil physical structure, promote the accumulation of organic matter, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, and potassium nutrients in each soil layer, increase the number of soil microorganisms, and improve soil microbial diversity. Using this deep tillage and loosening method results in citrus trees with deep roots and lush foliage, stronger trees, larger fruits, and better coloring.

[0028] 4. This invention uses virus-free seedlings combined with a tracked weeding and spraying machine for weeding and drones or high-pressure spraying systems for spraying, which can reduce the incidence of citrus yellowing, Huanglongbing, and stunted fruit, and improve yield and quality.

[0029] 5. The combined water, fertilizer and pesticide management method of this invention uses beneficial microorganisms (EM bacteria, compound Bacillus) that are good for fruit expansion, combined with DA-6, mineral nutrients and amino acid powder, which not only reduces the rate of stunted fruit, but also improves the coloring of citrus.

[0030] 6. Applying glucose powder at a dilution of 300-500 times and molasses powder at a dilution of 100-300 times alternately to the roots for two months before the product is put on the market, and combining this with foliar spraying of glucose powder at a dilution of 300-500 times, can increase the acid-to-solid ratio of the fruit, increase sweetness, and improve quality. Attached Figure Description

[0031] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below.

[0032] Figure 1 Comparison of citrus fruit coloring and size under different farming methods;

[0033] Figure 2 This invention employs a high-pressure spraying system for pesticide application.

[0034] Figure 3Comparison of coloring and size of citrus fruits under virus-free seedling and conventional seedling cultivation conditions. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below, but it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.

[0036] In the following embodiments and comparative examples:

[0037] Weissella cibaria was obtained from the Shanghai Biotechnology Preservation Center; Pseudomonas azotoformans was obtained from Hubei Zhongxiang Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; Lactobacillus crustorum was obtained from the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center; and Pediococcus pentosaceus was obtained from Hubei Zhongxiang Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0038] The virus-free citrus seedlings came from Guangxi Baise Haisheng Company.

[0039] The balanced macro-element water-soluble fertilizer (18-18-18) in the water, fertilizer and pesticide combined management section comes from Shenzhen Batian Co., Ltd.; DA-6 comes from Zhengzhou Zhengshi Chemical Co., Ltd. in Henan; compound Bacillus fertilizer comes from Hebei Runwo Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; and high-nitrogen macro-element fertilizer (27-8-12) comes from Hubei Nuoweier Fertilizer Co., Ltd.

[0040] The glucose powder and molasses powder used in the pre-market processing are edible glucose produced by Fufeng Group Co., Ltd., with a content of ≥99%.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] A method for cultivating high-efficiency and high-quality citrus includes the following steps:

[0043] (1) Soil deep tillage and loosening treatment: Before the establishment of the citrus orchard, the soil of the orchard is treated by the deep tillage and loosening method; deep tillage and loosening is to use a Dyneema tractor with a single plow head to till the soil to a depth of 50cm and then harrow it.

[0044] (2) Planting virus-free citrus seedlings: After deep tillage and loosening of the soil, dig small pits to plant virus-free citrus seedlings; the virus-free citrus seedlings are ultra-low temperature virus-free seedlings of stem tips that have undergone heat treatment. The seedlings are obtained by first treating the citrus plants in humid and hot air at 40℃ for 10 hours, then taking the stem tips and treating them in liquid nitrogen and cultivating them.

[0045] (3) Mechanical weeding: During the weeding season, a tracked weeding and spraying machine is used for weeding.

[0046] (4) Pest and disease control: Drones are used for spraying pesticides.

[0047] (5) Apply compound beneficial microbial agent by drenching: Apply compound beneficial microbial agent by drenching once each in March and October, with each application amount being 100g / plant; when applying, mix the compound beneficial microbial agent with 100 times its weight of water.

[0048] (6) Application of bio-organic fertilizer: Apply bio-organic fertilizer once a year in June by trenching the roots, with a dosage of 15 kg / plant. When using the bio-organic fertilizer, add 1% compound beneficial microbial agent; the bio-organic fertilizer has an organic matter content of ≥60%, an effective live bacteria count of ≥200 million / gram, and contains 12% mineral humic acid, tobacco dust and chrysanthemum blight; the effective live bacteria species are Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus mucilaginosa.

[0049] The above-mentioned compound beneficial microbial agent mainly consists of 10 parts of Weissella tauridae, 2 parts of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 15 parts of Lactobacillus tauridae, and 1 part of Pediococcus pentosaceus.

[0050] (7) Combined management of water, fertilizer and pesticides: In May and June each year, apply 100ml / strain of compound Bacillus fertilizer, 1g / strain of DA-6, 100g / strain of balanced macro-element water-soluble fertilizer and 100g / strain of amino acid raw powder monthly; in August and September each year, apply 200ml / strain of the developed Baowo No. 6, 100g / strain of high-nitrogen macro-element fertilizer and DA-61g / strain monthly; the compound Bacillus is mainly composed of 10 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 3 parts of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 5 parts of Bacillus colloidis and 15 parts of amino acid raw powder. Among them, Baowo No. 6 includes 25 parts of EM bacteria, 5 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 5 parts of Bacillus colloidis, 1 part of calcium, 0.2 parts of magnesium, 0.5 parts of chelated iron, 0.03 parts of zinc and 0.01 parts of boron.

[0051] (8) Pre-market treatment: Two months before market launch, apply 300 times diluted glucose powder and 200 times diluted molasses powder to the roots every 7 days, with each application of 20 kg / plant. In addition, spray 300 times diluted glucose powder on the leaves once, staggering the application from the root application.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] A method for cultivating high-efficiency and high-quality citrus includes the following steps:

[0054] (1) Soil deep tillage and loosening treatment: Before the establishment of the citrus orchard, the soil of the orchard is treated by the deep tillage and loosening method; deep tillage and loosening is to use a large excavator to till the soil to a depth of 60cm and then harrow it.

[0055] (2) Planting virus-free citrus seedlings: After deep tillage and loosening of the soil, dig small pits to plant virus-free citrus seedlings; the virus-free citrus seedlings are ultra-low temperature virus-free seedlings of stem tips that have undergone heat treatment. The seedlings are obtained by first treating the citrus plants in humid and hot air at 50℃ for 20 hours, then taking the stem tips and treating them in liquid nitrogen and cultivating them.

[0056] (3) Mechanical weeding: During the weeding season, a tracked weeding and spraying machine is used for weeding.

[0057] (4) Pest and disease control: High-pressure spraying system is used for spraying when applying pesticides.

[0058] (5) Apply compound beneficial microbial agent by drenching: Apply compound beneficial microbial agent by drenching once each in April, July and October of the year, with an application amount of 150g / plant each time; when applying, mix the compound beneficial microbial agent with 200 times its weight of water.

[0059] (6) Application of bio-organic fertilizer: Apply bio-organic fertilizer once a year in August by digging holes, with a dosage of 25 kg / plant. When using the bio-organic fertilizer, add 3% compound beneficial microbial agent; the bio-organic fertilizer has an organic matter content of ≥60%, an effective live bacteria count of ≥200 million / gram, and contains 12% mineral humic acid, tobacco dust and Isatis root; the effective live bacteria are Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus mucilaginosus.

[0060] The above-mentioned compound beneficial microbial agent mainly consists of 20 parts of Weissella tauridae, 10 parts of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 25 parts of Lactobacillus tauridae, and 10 parts of Pediococcus pentosaceus.

[0061] (7) Combined management of water, fertilizer and pesticides: In May and June each year, apply 200ml / strain of compound Bacillus fertilizer, 200g / strain of DA-6, 200g / strain of balanced macro-element water-soluble fertilizer and 200g / strain of amino acid raw powder monthly; in August and September each year, apply 300ml / strain of the developed Baowo No. 6, 200g / strain of high-nitrogen macro-element fertilizer and DA-6 1.3g / strain monthly; the compound Bacillus is mainly composed of 15 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 10 parts of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 10 parts of Bacillus colloidis and 20 parts of amino acid raw powder. Among them, Baowo No. 6 includes 20 parts of EM bacteria, 10 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 10 parts of Bacillus colloidis, 5 parts of calcium, 0.5 parts of magnesium, 1 part of chelated iron, 0.1 parts of zinc and 0.05 parts of boron.

[0062] (8) Pre-market treatment: Two months before market launch, apply 500 times diluted glucose powder and 300 times diluted molasses powder to the roots every 15 days, with each application of 40 kg / plant. In addition, spray 500 times diluted glucose powder on the leaves twice, staggering the application from the root application.

[0063] Example 3

[0064] A method for cultivating high-efficiency and high-quality citrus includes the following steps:

[0065] (1) Soil deep tillage and loosening treatment: Before the establishment of the citrus orchard, the soil of the orchard is treated by deep tillage and loosening. Deep tillage and loosening is to use a Dyneema tractor with a single plow head to till the soil to a depth of 55cm and then harrow it.

[0066] (2) Planting virus-free citrus seedlings: After deep tillage and loosening of the soil, dig small pits to plant virus-free citrus seedlings; the virus-free citrus seedlings are ultra-low temperature virus-free seedlings of stem tips that have undergone heat treatment. The seedlings are obtained by first treating the citrus plants in humid and hot air at 45℃ for 15 hours, then taking the stem tips and treating them in liquid nitrogen and cultivating them.

[0067] (3) Mechanical weeding: During the weeding season, a tracked weeding and spraying machine is used for weeding.

[0068] (4) Pest and disease control: High-pressure spraying system is used for spraying when applying pesticides.

[0069] (5) Apply compound beneficial microbial agent by drenching: Apply compound beneficial microbial agent by drenching once each in July, November and December of each year, with an application amount of 120g / plant each time; when applying, mix the compound beneficial microbial agent with 150 times its weight of water.

[0070] (6) Application of bio-organic fertilizer: Apply bio-organic fertilizer once a year in July by trenching the roots, with a dosage of 20 kg / plant. When using the bio-organic fertilizer, add 2% compound beneficial microbial agent; the bio-organic fertilizer has an organic matter content of ≥60%, an effective live bacteria count of ≥200 million / gram, and contains 12% mineral humic acid, tobacco dust and Scutellaria baicalensis; the effective live bacteria species are Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus mucilaginosa.

[0071] The above-mentioned compound beneficial microbial agent mainly consists of 16 parts of Weissella tauridae, 8 parts of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 22 parts of Lactobacillus tauridae, and 5 parts of Pediococcus pentosaceus.

[0072] (7) Combined management of water, fertilizer and pesticides: In May and June each year, apply 150 ml / strain of compound Bacillus fertilizer, 1.0 g / strain of DA-6, 150 g / strain of balanced macro-element water-soluble fertilizer and 150 g / strain of amino acid raw powder monthly; in August and September each year, apply 250 ml / strain of the developed Baowo No. 6, 150 g / strain of high-nitrogen macro-element fertilizer and 1.3 g / strain of DA-6 monthly; the compound Bacillus is mainly composed of 12 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 8 parts of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 7 parts of Bacillus colloidis and 12 parts of amino acid raw powder. Among them, Baowo No. 6 includes 30 parts of EM bacteria, 6 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 9 parts of Bacillus colloidis, 2 parts of calcium, 0.4 parts of magnesium, 0.7 parts of chelated iron, 0.07 parts of zinc and 0.04 parts of boron.

[0073] (8) Pre-market treatment: Two months before market launch, apply 400 times diluted glucose powder and 250 times diluted molasses powder to the roots every 10 days, with each application of 30 kg / plant. In addition, spray 400 times diluted glucose powder on the leaves twice, staggering the application from the root application.

[0074] Example 4

[0075] A method for cultivating high-efficiency and high-quality citrus includes the following steps:

[0076] (1) Soil deep tillage and loosening treatment: Before the establishment of the citrus orchard, the soil of the orchard is treated by the deep tillage and loosening method; deep tillage and loosening is to use a Dyneema tractor with a single plow head to till the soil to a depth of 60cm and then harrow it.

[0077] (2) Planting virus-free citrus seedlings: After deep tillage and loosening of the soil, dig small pits to plant virus-free citrus seedlings; the virus-free citrus seedlings are ultra-low temperature virus-free seedlings of stem tips that have undergone heat treatment. The seedlings are obtained by first treating the citrus plants in humid and hot air at 50℃ for 10 hours, then taking the stem tips and treating them in liquid nitrogen and cultivating them.

[0078] (3) Mechanical weeding: During the weeding season, a tracked weeding and spraying machine is used for weeding.

[0079] (4) Pest and disease control: High-pressure spraying system is used for spraying when applying pesticides.

[0080] (5) Apply compound beneficial microbial agent by drenching: Apply compound beneficial microbial agent by drenching once each in March, November and December of each year, with an application amount of 130g / plant each time; when applying, mix the compound beneficial microbial agent with 100 times its weight of water.

[0081] (6) Application of bio-organic fertilizer: Apply bio-organic fertilizer once a year in August by digging holes, at a rate of 22 kg / plant. When using the bio-organic fertilizer, add 3% compound beneficial microbial agent. The bio-organic fertilizer has an organic matter content of ≥60%, an effective live bacteria count of ≥200 million / gram, and contains 12% mineral humic acid, tobacco dust and honeysuckle. The effective live bacteria are Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus mucilaginosus.

[0082] The above-mentioned compound beneficial microbial agent mainly consists of 20 parts of Weissella tauridae, 2 parts of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 25 parts of Lactobacillus tauridae, and 1 part of Pediococcus pentosaceus.

[0083] (7) Combined management of water, fertilizer and pesticides: In May and June each year, apply 100ml / strain of compound Bacillus fertilizer, 1g / strain of DA-6, 100g / strain of balanced macro-element water-soluble fertilizer and 200g / strain of amino acid raw powder monthly; in August and September each year, apply 200ml / strain of the developed Baowo No. 6, 200g / strain of high-nitrogen macro-element fertilizer and 1.2g / strain of DA-6 monthly; the compound Bacillus is mainly composed of 12 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 8 parts of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 7 parts of Bacillus colloidis and 12 parts of amino acid raw powder. Among them, Baowo No. 6 includes EM, 6 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 9 parts of Bacillus colloidis, 2 parts of calcium, 0.4 parts of magnesium, 0.7 parts of chelated iron, 0.07 parts of zinc and 0.04 parts of boron.

[0084] (8) Pre-market treatment: Two months before market launch, apply 300-500 times diluted glucose powder and 100-300 times diluted molasses powder to the roots every 7-15 days, with each application of 20-40 kg / plant. In addition, apply 300-500 times diluted glucose powder and 200-300 times diluted molasses powder to the leaves 1-2 times, staggering the application from the root application.

[0085] Comparative Example 1: No step (5), i.e. no compound beneficial microbial agent was applied, and the other steps were the same as in Example 4.

[0086] Comparative Example 2: The compound beneficial microbial agent in step (5) does not contain Weissella taurida and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and the other steps are the same as in Example 4.

[0087] Comparative Example 3: The compound beneficial microbial agent in step (5) does not contain Lactobacillus crustacea and Pediococcus pentosus, and the other steps are the same as in Example 4.

[0088] To demonstrate that the compound beneficial microbial agent of this invention can promote citrus coloring and increase fruit diameter, the applicant conducted the following experiment in the Wanjin Orchard of Tuanjie Farm, ASEAN Economic and Technological Development Zone, Nanning City, Guangxi Province. The experiment included experimental and control groups. Experimental group 1 was cultivated using the method of Example 1, experimental group 2 using the method of Example 2, experimental group 3 using the method of Example 3, and experimental group 4 using the method of Example 4. Control group 1 was cultivated using the method of Comparative Example 1, control group 2 using the method of Comparative Example 2, and control group 3 using the method of Comparative Example 3. Each group planted 1 mu (approximately 0.16 acres) of fruit, starting in February 2019. The seedlings were purchased from Guangxi Baise Haisheng Company, with a height of 40-60cm, and the variety was Wogan. The fruiting period was 2022-2023. Samples were collected on January 30, 2023, with 20 fruits collected from each group, in three replicates. The redness value (a) of the fruit was measured. * The results for the comprehensive coloring index (CCI), single fruit weight, and transverse diameter are shown in Table 1.

[0089] Table 1. Fruit coloring and weight in each group

[0090]

[0091]

[0092] The data in the table above show that the compound beneficial microbial agent of the present invention can promote citrus coloring and increase fruit diameter. Among them, *Westernella tauricum*, *Pseudomonas aeruginosa*, *Lactobacillus cereus* and *Pediococcus pentosaceus* in the compound beneficial microbial agent have a synergistic effect.

[0093] Comparative Example 4: No step (1), i.e. no deep tillage or loosening of the soil, and the other steps are the same as in Example 4.

[0094] Comparative Example 5: In step (1), deep tillage and loosening are carried out by using a regular plow and harrow to till and harrow the soil, and the other steps are the same as in Example 4.

[0095] To demonstrate that the deep tillage and loosening soil method of this invention can promote deep root development, vigorous foliage, robust tree growth, larger fruit size, and better coloring in citrus trees, the applicant conducted the following experiment: The experimental site was located in Jiulian Village, Chengxiang Town, Wuming District, Nanning City, Guangxi Province, on a gentle slope, previously planted with cassava. The orchard was established in February 2019. Seedlings were purchased from Guangxi Baise Haisheng Company, with a height of 40-60cm, and the variety was Ziyang Xiangcheng rootstock Wogan. Fruiting was expected in 2022-2023. The experiment included experimental and control groups. The experimental group was cultivated using the method described in Example 4; control group 1 was cultivated using the method described in Comparative Example 4; and control group 2 was cultivated using the method described in Comparative Example 5. Each group planted 1 mu (approximately 0.16 acres). Samples were collected on January 30, 2023, with 20 fruits collected from each group, in triplicate. The redness value (a) of the fruit was measured. * The results for the comprehensive coloring index (CCI), single fruit weight, and transverse diameter are shown in Table 2.

[0096] Table 2. Fruit coloring and weight in each group

[0097] Item fruit color redness value a * ]] Comprehensive coloration index CCI Single fruit weight (g) Transverse diameter (mm) Test group (Example 4) 38.15±0.65 12.11±0.54 187.66±14.19 78.26±1.28 Control group 1 (Comparative Example 4) 31.62±0.60 9.96±0.43 138.65±12.18 67.61±1.33 Control group 2 (Comparative Example 5) 33.66±0.29 10.21±0.28 156.72±16.81 69.29±1.39

[0098] The data in the table above and Figure 1 The invention demonstrates that the deep tillage and loosening of soil can result in citrus trees with deep roots and lush foliage, stronger trees, larger fruits, and better coloring.

[0099] Comparative Example 6: This comparative example does not use virus-free seedlings, but uses conventional seedlings (carrying decline disease and yellow vein disease, but not carrying Huanglongbing and ulcer disease). Other steps are the same as in Example 4.

[0100] Comparative Example 7: This comparative example does not use mechanical weeding, but uses herbicides for weeding. The other steps are the same as in Example 4.

[0101] Comparative Example 8: This comparative example uses conventional manual spraying instead of a high-pressure spraying system for pest and disease control. Other steps are the same as in Example 4.

[0102] To demonstrate that this invention can reduce the incidence of citrus yellowing, the incidence of Huanglongbing (HLB), and the rate of stunted fruit, the applicant conducted the following experiment: The experimental site was located in Lianxin Village, Maling Town, Hengzhou City, Nanning, Guangxi. The orchard was established in March 2019, with the fruit seedlings being Ziyang Xiangcheng rootstock Wogan, bearing fruit in 2022-2023. The experiment included experimental and control groups. The experimental group was cultivated using the method described in Example 4; control group 1 was cultivated using the method described in Comparative Example 6; control group 2 was cultivated using the method described in Comparative Example 7; and control group 3 was cultivated using the method described in Comparative Example 8. Each group planted 1 mu (approximately 0.067 hectares). The incidence of yellowing, the incidence of HLB (with red-nosed fruit, mottled yellowing leaves at the base, or localized yellowing of shoots), and the rate of stunted fruit were investigated for each group. Yield was also recorded. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0103] Table 3. Incidence of disease in each group

[0104] Item Yellowing occurrence rate (%) Yellow dragon disease incidence (%) Dead fruit rate (%) Yield (kg / m2) Test group (Example 4) 0.08 0.02 0 6014.98 Control group 1 (Comparative Example 6) 5.1 2.58 15.3 3943.50 Control group 2 (Comparative Example 7) 2.2 1.21 1.9 5267.27 Control group 3 (Comparative Example 8) 3.8 3.37 0.8 5080.65

[0105] The data in the table above and Figure 2 , Figure 3 The results show that using virus-free seedlings combined with a tracked weeding and spraying machine, and using drones or high-pressure spraying systems for spraying, can reduce the incidence of citrus yellowing, the incidence of Huanglongbing (HLB), and the rate of stunted fruit, thereby improving yield and quality.

[0106] Comparative Example 9: This comparative example does not have the water, fertilizer and pesticide combined management steps, and the other steps are the same as in Example 4.

[0107] Comparative Example 10: This comparative example uses conventional management methods, namely, foliar spraying of boron fertilizer and potassium dihydrogen phosphate three times during the budding, flowering, and young fruit stages, with other steps being the same as in Example 4.

[0108] To demonstrate that the combined water, fertilizer, and pesticide management method of this invention not only reduces the rate of stunted fruit but also improves the coloring of citrus, the applicant conducted the following experiment: The experimental site was located in Yingcai Village, Luowei Town, Wuming District, Nanning City, Guangxi Province. The orchard was established in May 2019, with the fruit seedlings being Ziyang Xiangcheng rootstock Wogan, bearing fruit in 2022-2023. The experiment included experimental and control groups. The experimental group was cultivated using the method of Example 4; control group 1 was cultivated using the method of Comparative Example 9; and control group 2 was cultivated using the method of Comparative Example 10. Each group planted 1 mu (approximately 0.067 hectares). The rate of stunted fruit was investigated in each group, and the redness value 'a' of the fruit color was measured. * The results of the Comprehensive Colorimetric Index (CCI) are shown in Table 4.

[0109] Table 4 Results of combined water, fertilizer and pesticide management in each group

[0110] Item fruit color redness value a * ]] Comprehensive coloration index CCI Dead fruit rate (%) Test group (Example 4) 38.15±0.65 12.11±0.54 0 Control group 1 (Comparative Example 9) 33.46±0.19 10.59±0.31 6.5 Control group 2 (Comparative Example 10) 32.22±0.17 10.38±0.30 8.1

[0111] The data in the table above shows that the combined water, fertilizer and pesticide management of this invention, by using beneficial microorganisms (EM bacteria and compound Bacillus) that have good fruit expansion properties, combined with DA-6 and mineral nutrition, not only reduces the rate of stunted fruit, but also improves the coloring of citrus.

[0112] Comparative Example 11: This comparative example does not have step (7), that is, no pre-market processing was performed, and the other steps are the same as in Example 4.

[0113] Comparative Example 12: In this comparative example, step (7) only used glucose powder diluted 300-500 times twice, and the other steps were the same as in Example 4.

[0114] Comparative Example 13: In this comparative example, step (7) only used molasses powder diluted 200-300 times twice, and the other steps were the same as in Example 4.

[0115] To demonstrate that the pre-market treatment of this invention can increase fruit sweetness and improve fruit quality, the applicant conducted the following experiment: The experimental site was located at the planting base of Guangxi Qifeng Orange Island Ecological Agriculture Development Co., Ltd. The orchard was established in February 2019, with the fruit seedling variety being Ziyang Xiangcheng rootstock Wogan. The experiment included experimental and control groups. The experimental group was cultivated using the method of Example 4; control group 1 was cultivated using the method of Comparative Example 11, control group 2 using the method of Comparative Example 12, and control group 3 using the method of Comparative Example 13. Each group planted 1 mu (approximately 0.16 acres), and fruits from each group were collected on February 18, 2023. Soluble solids and titratable acid were tested, and the results are shown in Table 5.

[0116] Table 5. Fruit test results for each group

[0117] Item Soluble solids (%) Titratable acid (%) Test group (Example 4) 17.39±0.41 0.43±0.03 Control group 1 (Comparative Example 11) 13.68±0.36 0.57±0.13 Control group 2 (Comparative Example 12) 14.76±0.21 0.52±0.65 Control group 3 (Comparative Example 13) 14.99±0.30 0.55±0.38

[0118] The data in the table above shows that applying glucose powder (300-500 times dilution) and molasses powder (200-300 times dilution) alternately to the roots every 7-15 days for two months before the product is launched can increase the acid-to-solid ratio of the fruit, increase sweetness, and improve quality.

[0119] In summary, this invention employs a series of technical measures, including deep soil tillage and loosening, use of virus-free seedlings, mechanical weeding, pest and disease control, application of compound beneficial microbial agents, application of organic fertilizers, combined water, fertilizer, and pesticide management, and pre-market treatment, to improve the coloring, quality, and yield of citrus fruits, resulting in highly efficient and high-quality cultivation. Using this cultivation method, citrus yields are high, averaging over 6000 kg per mu; fruit quality is high, with high sweetness, clean and smooth surface, and an orange-red color; disease incidence is low, chemical pesticide use is reduced by 20%, management efficiency is increased by over 15%, and the core competitiveness of the citrus industry is enhanced.

[0120] The foregoing description of specific exemplary embodiments of the invention is for illustrative and explanatory purposes. These descriptions are not intended to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed, and it will be apparent that many changes and variations can be made in accordance with the foregoing teachings. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain the specific principles of the invention and its practical application, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to implement and utilize various different exemplary embodiments of the invention, as well as various different choices and variations. The scope of the invention is intended to be defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for efficient and high quality cultivation of citrus, characterized by, It comprises the following steps: (1) soil deep ploughing and deep loosening treatment: the soil of the citrus orchard is treated by the deep ploughing and deep loosening mode before the establishment of the orchard; (2) planting of citrus virus-free seedlings: after the soil deep ploughing and deep loosening treatment, the citrus virus-free seedlings are planted in small pits; (3) mechanical weeding; (4) disease and pest control; (5) application of compound beneficial microorganism agent: the compound beneficial microorganism agent is applied 2-3 times per year, and the application amount is 100-150 g / plant each time; (6) application of biological organic fertilizer: the biological organic fertilizer is applied once a year from June to August, and 1%-3% of the compound beneficial microorganism agent is added when the biological organic fertilizer is used; The compound beneficial microorganism agent is applied by mixing the compound beneficial microorganism agent with 100-300 times of water by weight, and the application time of the compound beneficial microorganism agent is any 2 months or any 3 months in March, April, July, October, November and December; (7) water, fertilizer and pesticide combined management: in May and June each year, 100-200 g / plant of compound bacillus, 1-2 g / plant of DA-6, 100-200 g / plant of balanced type macronutrient water-soluble fertilizer and 100-200 g / plant of amino acid raw powder are applied each month; in August and September each year, 200-300 ml / plant of developed Bao Wo No. 6, 100-200 g / plant of high-nitrogen type macronutrient fertilizer and 1-2 g / plant of DA-6 are applied each month; the compound bacillus mainly comprises 10-15 parts of bacillus subtilis, 3-10 parts of bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 5-10 parts of gelatinous bacillus and 15-20 parts of amino acid raw powder; (8) pre-marketing treatment: 2 months before marketing, edible glucose powder 300-500 times liquid and molasses powder 200-300 times liquid are alternately applied every 7-15 days, and the amount of each application is 20-40 kg / plant; and glucose powder 300-500 times liquid is sprayed on the leaves 1-2 times, and the application time is staggered with the root application; The compound beneficial microorganism agent mainly comprises 10-20 parts of weissella cibaria, 2-10 parts of pseudomonas azotoformans, 15-25 parts of lactococcus lactis and 1-10 parts of pedioccoccus pentosaceus.

2. The method for efficient and high quality cultivation of citrus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The deep ploughing and deep loosening mode is to plough and turn over the soil to a depth of 50-60 cm by a single plow of a powerful tractor or a large excavator and then rake it flat.

3. The method for cultivating high-efficiency and high-quality citrus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The citrus virus-free seedlings are heat-treated stem tip cryogenic virus-free seedlings, which are obtained by treating citrus plants in 40-50℃ humid hot air for 10-20 hours, taking the stem tip, placing it in liquid nitrogen and culturing.

4. The method for cultivating high-efficiency and high-quality citrus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mechanical weeding is performed by a track-type weeding and pesticide spraying integrated machine.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the citrus is selected from the group consisting of citrus fruits, citrus juice, and citrus oil. 5 The disease and pest control is performed by using a unmanned aerial vehicle or a high-pressure spraying pesticide application system.

6. The efficient and high quality cultivation method of citrus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compound beneficial microorganism agent mainly comprises 16 parts of weissella cibaria, 8 parts of pseudomonas azotoformans, 22 parts of lactococcus lactis and 5 parts of pedioccoccus pentosaceus.

7. The method for cultivating high-efficiency and high-quality citrus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The biological organic fertilizer contains organic matter content of 60%, effective active bacteria number of 200 million / gram, and contains 12% mineral humic acid, tobacco dust and Chinese herbal medicine; the effective active bacteria are bacillus subtilis and gelatinous bacillus; the Chinese herbal medicine is any one of chrysanthemum, isatis root, gold silver flower and star anise.

8. The method for cultivating high-efficiency and high-quality citrus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Bao Wo 6 comprises EM bacteria 5-10 parts, bacillus subtilis 5-10 parts, gelatinous bacillus 5-10 parts, calcium 1-5 parts, magnesium 0.2-0.5 parts, chelated iron 0.5-1 part, zinc 0.03-0.1 part and boron 0.01-0.05 part.

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