A tunnel uneven settlement monitoring device and a monitoring method

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of tunnels and underground engineering, and provides a tunnel uneven settlement monitoring device and a monitoring method.The device comprises a first fixed plate, a second fixed plate, a first bearing, a second bearing, a lever and a reading device, the first fixed plate is arranged on a tunnel side wall, the second fixed plate is arranged on the tunnel side wall, the first fixed plate and the second fixed plate are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of a tunnel construction joint, the first bearing is fixedly arranged on the first fixed plate, the second bearing is fixedly arranged on the second fixed plate, the lever respectively penetrates through the first bearing and the second bearing, the reading device is arranged at the end of the lever, the reading device is arranged at one end away from the first bearing, and the reading device is used for collecting tunnel displacement parameters.The application effectively reduces the manufacturing cost of the monitoring device, and the high-frequency monitoring efficiency is higher for a long time.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tunnel and underground engineering, in particular to a tunnel uneven settlement monitoring device and a monitoring method. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the process of tunnel construction, when the structures on both sides of the structural joint have uneven settlement, not only will it affect the smoothness of the track or road surface in the tunnel, causing danger to the operation of trains or motor vehicles, but also will damage the waterproof measures at the structural joint. Therefore, long-term and high-frequency monitoring of the uneven settlement of the structures on both sides of the structural joint in the tunnel is required, but the current monitoring measures mainly use remote sensing monitoring and physical monitoring methods. However, both of the above methods require a large number of instruments and personnel to carry out monitoring, and long-term and high-frequency monitoring consumes a lot of manpower and resources. SUMMARY

[0003] The purpose of the present application is to provide a tunnel uneven settlement monitoring device to improve the above problems. In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present application is as follows:

[0004] On the one hand, the present application provides a tunnel uneven settlement monitoring device, which comprises: a first fixed plate, a second fixed plate, a first bearing, a second bearing, a lever and a reading device, the first fixed plate is arranged on the side wall of the tunnel; the second fixed plate is arranged on the side wall of the tunnel, the first fixed plate and the second fixed plate are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the structural joint of the tunnel; the first bearing is fixedly arranged on the first fixed plate; the second bearing is fixedly arranged on the second fixed plate; the lever passes through the first bearing and the second bearing respectively; the reading device is arranged at the end of the lever, the reading device is arranged at the end away from the first bearing, and the reading device is used to collect tunnel displacement parameters.

[0005] On the other hand, the present application provides a tunnel uneven settlement monitoring method, which comprises:

[0006] obtaining first distance information and second distance information, the first distance information comprising the distance between the second bearing and the first bearing, and the second distance information comprising the distance between the second bearing and the center of the dial plate;

[0007] calculating the ratio of the first distance information and the second distance information to obtain a calculation result;

[0008] determining whether the calculation result is greater than threshold information to obtain a first determination result;

[0009] calculating the relative displacement of the tunnel on both sides of the structural joint according to the first determination result.

[0010] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0011] The present application effectively reduces the manufacturing cost of the monitoring device by setting the first bearing and the second bearing on the symmetrically arranged first fixed plate and the second fixed plate, and passing the lever through the mounting holes on the first bearing and the second bearing, respectively, and then setting the reading device on the end of the lever to record the relative displacement of the structure on both sides of the reading reaction structure joint, and the monitoring efficiency is higher for long time and high frequency monitoring.

[0012] Other features and advantages of the present application will be set forth in the following description, and in part will become apparent from the description, or can be learned by practice of the present application according to the embodiments. The objects and other advantages of the present application will be achieved by means of the structure particularly pointed out in the written description, claims, and drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0013] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced as follows. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present application, and therefore should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0014] Figure 1 The structural diagram of the tunnel uneven settlement monitoring device described in the embodiments of the present application.

[0015] Figure 2 The structural diagram of the first bearing.

[0016] Figure 3 The structural diagram of the second bearing.

[0017] Marked in the figure: 1, first fixed plate; 2, second fixed plate; 3, lever; 4, first rod body; 5, ball head; 6, second rod body; 7, first mounting hole; 8, third rod body; 9, fixed block; 10, second mounting hole; 11, first glass layer; 12, second glass layer; 13, dial indicator; 14, glass cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures. Furthermore, in the description of this invention, terms such as "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0020] Example 1

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a tunnel uneven settlement monitoring device. The device includes: a first fixing plate 1, a second fixing plate 2, a first bearing, a second bearing, a lever 3, and a reading device. The first fixing plate 1 is disposed on the tunnel sidewall; the second fixing plate 2 is disposed on the tunnel sidewall, and the first fixing plate 1 and the second fixing plate 2 are symmetrically disposed on both sides of the tunnel structural joint; the first bearing is fixedly disposed on the first fixing plate 1; the second bearing is fixedly disposed on the second fixing plate 2; the lever 3 passes through the first bearing and the second bearing respectively; the reading device is disposed at the end of the lever 3, at the end away from the first bearing. The reading device is used to collect tunnel displacement parameters. In the prior art, absolute displacement data at different points in the tunnel are usually collected and then calculated to reflect the uneven settlement of the structure. This approach has high equipment and labor costs. Therefore, in this invention, the lever 3 passes through the mounting holes on the first bearing and the second bearing respectively, and the reading device is set at the end of the lever 3 to record the readings to reflect the relative displacement of the structure on both sides of the structural joint. This not only reduces the manufacturing cost and simplifies the installation and debugging process, but also effectively reduces the manufacturing cost of the monitoring device and has higher efficiency for high-frequency monitoring over long periods of time.

[0022] It should be noted that the lever 3 in this invention is made of carbon fiber and the aspect ratio of the lever is required to be less than 500, in order to minimize the deflection deformation of the lever 3 and introduce errors into the measurement results.

[0023] like Figure 2As shown, in one specific embodiment of this disclosure, the first bearing includes a first rod 4, a ball head 5, and a second rod 6. The first rod 4 is fixedly connected to the first fixing plate 1. The ball head 5 is connected to the first rod 4 and the second rod 6 respectively. The second rod 6 is provided with a first mounting hole 7. The internal thread provided in the first mounting hole 7 is engaged with the thread provided at the end of the lever 3 to ensure that the first bearing is tightly connected to the lever 3.

[0024] like Figure 3 As shown, in one specific embodiment of this disclosure, the second bearing includes a third rod 8 and a fixing block 9. One end of the third rod 8 is fixedly connected to the second fixing plate 2, and the other end of the third rod 8 is connected to the fixing block 9. The fixing block 9 is provided with a second mounting hole 10. The inner diameter of the second mounting hole 10 is consistent with the diameter of the lever 3, so that the lever 3 is fastened to the second bearing.

[0025] In one specific embodiment of this disclosure, the centers of the first mounting hole 7 and the second mounting hole 10 are located on the same horizontal line. When the tunnel does not experience settlement and the monitoring device is installed, the centers of the first mounting hole 7 and the second mounting hole 10 are located on the same horizontal line.

[0026] In one specific embodiment of this disclosure, the reading device includes a first glass layer 11, a second glass layer 12, a scale, and a dial indicator 13. The scale is disposed between the first glass layer 11 and the second glass layer 12. The first glass layer 11 is fixed to the tunnel sidewall, and the second glass layer 12 is fixedly connected to the first glass layer 11. The pointer of the dial indicator 13 is set at the center of the scale. The scale is a 10x10 grid chart, where the length of each grid is 3mm-4mm. Setting the pointer of the dial indicator 13 at the center of the scale (i.e., both the horizontal and vertical coordinates are 5) ensures that when the tunnel settles in various directions, there are enough grids to record the relative displacement parameters of the tunnel.

[0027] In one specific embodiment of this disclosure, a glass cover 14 is provided at the end of the lever 3, and the glass cover 14 is located near the end of the reading device, which is located inside the glass cover 14. In this embodiment, the dial indicator 13 is covered by the glass cover 14, and the connection between the glass cover 14 and the lever 3 is sealed with aluminum foil fiberglass insulation cloth, with a cross-shaped opening in the cloth to allow the lever 3 to move freely. The purpose of using the glass cover 14 is to protect the dial indicator 13 and the glass layer, including preventing external conditions from corroding or damaging the instrument and the glass, protecting the free extension and retraction of the pointer and its smooth sliding on the glass surface, and preventing significant temperature changes in the dial indicator 13 and the glass layer from causing thermal expansion and contraction that could lead to serious reading deviations.

[0028] Example 2

[0029] This embodiment provides a method for monitoring uneven settlement in tunnels, the method comprising:

[0030] Step S1, obtaining first distance information and second distance information, the first distance information including the distance between the second bearing and the first bearing, and the second distance information including the distance between the second bearing and the center of the dial of the dial gauge;

[0031] Step S2, calculating the ratio of the first distance information and the second distance information to obtain a calculation result;

[0032] Step S3, judging whether the calculation result is greater than threshold information to obtain a first judgment result;

[0033] In this step, the threshold information is 15.

[0034] Step S4, calculating the relative displacement of the tunnels on both sides of the structural joint according to the first judgment result.

[0035] In this embodiment, when the relative displacement of the tunnels on both sides of the structural joint occurs, i.e., the relative displacement of the hinged support occurs, the first bearing and the second bearing are the movable hinged supports, according to the principle of the lever, the displacement of the other end of the lever 3 is enlarged, and the result after the enlargement is displayed through the position of the pointer of the dial gauge 13 on the scale and the reading of the dial gauge 13 itself, wherein the reading of the dial gauge 13 reflects the horizontal displacement of the lever 3, and the movement amount of the pointer of the dial gauge 13 on the scale reflects the vertical displacement of the lever 3, so as to determine the relative displacement of the tunnels on both sides of the structural joint.

[0036] In the step S4, steps S41, S42 and S43 are further included, which specifically include:

[0037] Step S41, when the first judgment result is that the calculation result is less than the threshold information, obtaining the offset degree of the first bearing and the offset degree of the second bearing;

[0038] Step S42, judging whether the first bearing moves relative to the second bearing or the second bearing moves relative to the first bearing according to the offset degree of the first bearing and the offset degree of the second bearing to obtain a second judgment result;

[0039] Step S43, calculating the relative displacement of the tunnels on both sides of the structural joint according to the second judgment result.

[0040] In the embodiment, the first distance information is L1, the second distance information is L2, when L1 / L2≦15, it is needed to determine which bearing has more offset according to the offset degree of the first bearing and the offset degree of the second bearing, so as to determine the corresponding calculation formula to calculate the relative displacement of the tunnels on both sides of the structural joint, but when L1 / L2≧15, since the error is within the allowable range by using different calculation formulas, it is not needed to distinguish the calculation formulas for calculation.

[0041] The step S43 further comprises steps S431 and S432, which specifically comprise:

[0042] The step S431 comprises: when the second judgment result is that the first bearing moves relative to the second bearing, acquiring a tunnel displacement parameter, the tunnel displacement parameter being collected by a reading device.

[0043] The step S432 comprises: calculating the tunnel displacement parameter and the calculation result to obtain the relative displacement of the tunnels on both sides of the structural joint.

[0044] In the embodiment, the first formula is used for calculation, which specifically comprises:

[0045]

[0046] In the above formula, a1 and a2 are respectively the relative displacement of the tunnels on both sides of the structural joint and the tunnel displacement parameter, L1 and L2 are respectively the first distance information and the second distance information, and the relative displacement of the tunnels on both sides of the structural joint when the first bearing moves relative to the second bearing can be calculated by the above formula.

[0047] The step S43 further comprises steps S433, S434, S435 and S436, which specifically comprise:

[0048] The step S433 comprises: when the second judgment result is that the second bearing moves relative to the first bearing, acquiring a tunnel displacement parameter, the tunnel displacement parameter being collected by a reading device.

[0049] The step S434 comprises: adding the first distance information and the second distance information to obtain a sum result.

[0050] The step S435 comprises: calculating the ratio of the first distance information and the sum result to obtain a ratio result.

[0051] The step S436 comprises: calculating the ratio result and the tunnel displacement parameter to obtain the relative displacement of the tunnels on both sides of the structural joint.

[0052] In the embodiment, the second formula is used for calculation, which specifically comprises:

[0053]

[0054] The relative displacement of the tunnels on both sides of the structural joint can be calculated using the above formula when the second bearing moves relative to the first bearing.

[0055] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this invention is in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0056] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0057] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0058] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring uneven settlement of a tunnel using a tunnel uneven settlement monitoring device, characterized by, The tunnel uneven settlement monitoring device comprises: a first fixed plate (1) arranged on a tunnel side wall; A second fixed plate (2) is arranged on the tunnel side wall, and the first fixed plate (1) and the second fixed plate (2) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the tunnel structure joint; A first bearing is fixedly arranged on the first fixed plate (1); A second bearing is fixedly arranged on the second fixed plate (2); A lever (3) passes through the first bearing and the second bearing respectively; A reading device is arranged at the end of the lever (3), which is arranged away from the first bearing, and is used to collect tunnel displacement parameters; The tunnel uneven settlement monitoring method comprises the following steps: Obtain first distance information and second distance information, the first distance information comprises the distance between the second bearing and the first bearing, and the second distance information comprises the distance between the second bearing and the center of the dial plate (13); Calculate the ratio of the first distance information and the second distance information to obtain a calculation result; Determine whether the calculation result is greater than threshold information to obtain a first determination result; According to the first determination result, the relative displacement of the structure joint on both sides of the tunnel is calculated.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, According to the first determination result, the relative displacement of the structure joint on both sides of the tunnel is calculated, which comprises: When the first determination result is that the calculation result is less than the threshold information, the offset degree of the first bearing and the offset degree of the second bearing are obtained; According to the offset degree of the first bearing and the offset degree of the second bearing, it is determined whether the first bearing moves relative to the second bearing or the second bearing moves relative to the first bearing to obtain a second determination result; According to the second determination result, the relative displacement of the structure joint on both sides of the tunnel is calculated.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein, According to the second determination result, the relative displacement of the structure joint on both sides of the tunnel is calculated, which comprises: When the second determination result is that the first bearing moves relative to the second bearing, tunnel displacement parameters are obtained, which are collected by the reading device; The tunnel displacement parameters and the calculation result are calculated to obtain the relative displacement of the structure joint on both sides of the tunnel.

4. The method of claim 2, wherein, According to the second determination result, the relative displacement of the structure joint on both sides of the tunnel is calculated, which comprises: When the second determination result is that the second bearing moves relative to the first bearing, tunnel displacement parameters are obtained, which are collected by the reading device; The first distance information and the second distance information are added to obtain a sum result; The ratio of the first distance information and the sum result is calculated to obtain a ratio result; The ratio result and the tunnel displacement parameters are calculated to obtain the relative displacement of the structure joint on both sides of the tunnel.

5. The method for monitoring differential settlement of a tunnel according to claim 1, wherein: The first bearing comprises a first rod (4), a ball head (5) and a second rod (6), the first rod (4) is fixedly connected with the first fixed plate (1), the ball head (5) is connected with the first rod (4) and the second rod (6) respectively, and the second rod (6) is provided with a first mounting hole (7).

6. The method for monitoring differential settlement of a tunnel according to claim 5, wherein: The second bearing comprises a third rod (8) and a fixed block (9), one end of the third rod (8) is fixedly connected with the second fixed plate (2), the other end of the third rod (8) is connected with the fixed block (9), and the fixed block (9) is provided with a second mounting hole (10).

7. The method for monitoring differential settlement of a tunnel according to claim 6, wherein: The center of the first mounting hole (7) and the second mounting hole (10) is located on the same horizontal line.

8. The method for monitoring differential settlement of a tunnel according to claim 1, wherein: The reading device comprises a first glass layer (11), a second glass layer (12), a scale and a dial gauge (13), the scale is arranged between the first glass layer (11) and the second glass layer (12), the first glass layer (11) is fixed on the tunnel side wall, the second glass layer (12) is fixedly connected with the first glass layer (11), and the pointer of the dial gauge (13) is arranged at the center of the scale.

9. The method for monitoring differential settlement of a tunnel according to claim 1, wherein: The lever (3) is provided with a glass cover (14) at the end, the glass cover (14) is arranged close to one end of the reading device, and the reading device is arranged in the glass cover (14).

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