Antenna device and electronic equipment

Abstract

An antenna device and an electronic device, which can be applied to an electronic device with a full-metal ID, and a cavity antenna is arranged under the display screen of the electronic device. A radiation port is opened on the cavity metal wall of the cavity antenna facing the screen, and the radiation port is arranged opposite to the black edge of the screen. A notch communicating with the radiation port is also opened on the metal wall facing the screen. In this way, by opening a notch in the radiation port of the resonant cavity antenna, the high-frequency bandwidth can be increased and the efficiency of the high-frequency mode can be improved for the concave pit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of antennas, and particularly to an antenna device and an electronic device. Background Art

[0002] Antenna clearance is a very important factor in antenna design. In recent years, the antenna clearance of some intelligent terminal devices has been greatly reduced, and the antenna design space is very limited, which brings great challenges to antenna design, especially for portable electronic devices such as mobile phones and tablet computers with all-metal industrial design (ID). Summary of the Invention

[0003] Embodiments of the present invention provide an antenna device and an electronic device, which can increase the high-frequency bandwidth and improve the efficiency pit problem of the high-frequency mode.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a cavity antenna applied to an electronic device. The electronic device may include a display screen, a frame, a rear cover, and a cavity antenna. The frame is not in contact with the edge of the display screen to form a screen black edge surrounding the edge of the display screen. The cavity antenna is disposed on a side of the display screen facing the rear cover, and the cavity antenna includes a cavity and a feeding point disposed on the cavity.

[0005] Wherein, a first opening may be provided on a first surface of the cavity. When the first surface faces the display screen, the first opening overlaps or partially overlaps with a first projection area of the screen black edge on the first surface, and the extending direction of the first opening is the same as that of the first projection area. Alternatively, when the first surface faces the frame and the distance from the frame is less than a first distance value, the first opening overlaps or partially overlaps with a second projection area of the frame on the first surface, and the extending direction of the first opening is the same as that of the second projection area.

[0006] Wherein, a first notch communicating with the first opening may further be provided on the cavity metal wall on one side of the first opening.

[0007] When implementing the cavity antenna described in the first aspect, since a notch is further opened at the radiation port of the cavity antenna, the bandwidth of the high-frequency mode TE1,1.5 is significantly increased, and the high-frequency bandwidth is larger. Moreover, the efficiency pit of the mode TE3,0.5 becomes shallower.

[0008] Combined with the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first opening may be parallel to a first side edge of the first surface. For example, as Figure 6 shown, the first opening provided on the first surface (top surface 31-C) facing the screen may be parallel to the side edge 24-A of the top surface 31-C. The length of the first opening is equal to the length of the first side edge.

[0009] In combination with the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first notch may be provided in the middle on one side of the first opening.

[0010] The length of the first notch in the first direction is greater than or equal to 1 / 4 of the length of the first side and less than or equal to 3 / 4 of the length of the first side. The first direction is the extending direction of the first side, which is beneficial to expanding the high-frequency bandwidth.

[0011] The length of the first notch in the second direction is greater than or equal to 0.02 times the wavelength of mode TE 3,0.5 and less than or equal to 0.3 times the wavelength of mode TE 3,0.5 The second direction refers to the direction perpendicular to the first side. In this way, the high-frequency bandwidth can be expanded to a greater extent.

[0012] In combination with the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first opening may include a plurality of parallel openings, for reference see Figure 24 . Figure 25 .

[0013] In combination with the first aspect, in some embodiments, the frame and the rear cover may both be metallic, and the first surface may specifically be the surface facing the display screen.

[0014] In combination with the first aspect, in some embodiments, the cavity may be an L-shaped cavity, including a vertical cavity portion and a horizontal cavity portion that are perpendicular to each other. The vertical cavity portion points to the black edge of the screen, and the horizontal cavity portion is parallel to the display screen. The first surface is specifically the surface of the vertical cavity portion facing the black edge of the screen.

[0015] In combination with the first aspect, in some embodiments, the frame may be non-metallic, and the first surface may specifically be the surface adjacent to and facing the frame. In this way, the radiation generated by the cavity antenna can be transmitted through the non-metallic frame 13 to the external free space, which can ensure the antenna radiation performance.

[0016] Here, adjacent may mean that the distance between the two does not exceed a specific distance value, such as 3 millimeters.

[0017] The surface adjacent to and facing the frame may specifically include: the first side surface facing the first frame and the second side surface facing the second frame. The first frame and the second frame are perpendicular to each other and connected. The second projection area of the frame on the first surface specifically includes: the projection area of the first frame on the first side surface and the projection area of the second frame on the second side surface. At this time, the first notch may specifically be opened at the connection between the first frame and the second frame.

[0018] In combination with the first aspect, in some embodiments, a first metal stub may also be provided at the first notch. The first metal stub is connected to the cavity metal wall on one side of the first notch and extends from the cavity metal wall on one side of the first notch towards the first opening. The first metal stub is not connected to the feeding power source. In this way, by loading a non-fed metal stub, the electric field phases of the three sub-waves of the mode TE3,0.5 can be changed to improve the efficiency pit of the mode TE3,0.5.

[0019] In combination with the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first metal stub may be specifically disposed at the electric field intensity point of the mode TE of the cavity antenna 3,0.5 to facilitate improving the efficiency pit of the mode TE3,0.5.

[0020] In combination with the first aspect, in some embodiments, the electric field intensity points are located at the 1 / 6, 1 / 2, and 5 / 6 positions on the side of the first opening. Among them, the 1 / 2 position is the electric field intensity point of the middle sub-wave of the mode TE3,0.5. Loading the metal stub here can better improve the efficiency pit.

[0021] In combination with the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first metal stub is a T-shaped stub. The T-shaped stub includes a horizontal stub portion and a vertical stub portion. One end of the vertical stub portion is connected to the cavity metal wall on one side of the first notch and extends from the cavity metal wall on one side of the first notch towards the first opening. The other end of the vertical stub portion is connected to the horizontal stub portion. By loading the T-shaped stub, a new high-frequency resonance point can be added, such as Figure 38 the resonance point indicated by the number "3" in, thereby increasing the high-frequency bandwidth.

[0022] In combination with the first aspect, in some embodiments, the length of the horizontal stub portion is greater than or equal to 0.02 times the wavelength of the mode TE 3,0.5 and less than or equal to 0.3 times the wavelength of the mode TE 3,0.5 In this way, when introducing a new high-frequency resonance point, the phase difference of the three sub-waves of the mode TE 3,0.5 can also be reduced, weakening their mutual cancellation, thereby improving the efficiency pit.

[0023] In combination with the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first notch may specifically include two notches provided at the electric field zero points of the mode TE of the cavity antenna 3,0.5 as shown in Figure 44 .

[0024] The electric field zero points are located at the 0, 1 / 3, 2 / 3, and 1 positions on the side of the first opening. Among them, the two positions of 1 / 3 and 2 / 3 are symmetric with respect to the middle electric field intensity point. Disposing the two notches at these two positions can more greatly weaken the sub-wave cancellation of the mode TE3,0.5.

[0025] In combination with the first aspect, in some embodiments, the cavity antenna may further include: a parasitic cavity, which is in communication with the cavity. In this way, by loading the parasitic cavity, the cavity antenna can further increase the low-frequency bandwidth.

[0026] In combination with the first aspect, in some embodiments, the parasitic cavity and the cavity may be specifically in communication on the third side of the cavity. The third side and the first side share a first side edge, and the first side edge is the side edge on the first side parallel to the first opening. In this way, the parasitic cavity can be closer to the radiation port of the cavity antenna, which is beneficial to improving the radiation performance of the parasitic cavity antenna.

[0027] In combination with the first aspect, in some embodiments, the parasitic cavity may further include a metal wall portion, which is connected to the metal wall of the parasitic cavity on one side of the first opening and extends from the metal wall of the parasitic cavity on one side of the first opening towards the first opening. As Figure 30 shown, by adding the metal wall portion 33 (c = 3 mm), the parasitic mode can be made closer to the low-frequency main mode, and the low-frequency radiation efficiency can be improved. The low-frequency main mode is the mode TE of the cavity antenna 16 1,0.5,0 .

[0028] In combination with the first aspect, in some embodiments, the operating frequency band of the cavity antenna includes a first frequency band and a second frequency band, and the first frequency band is less than the second frequency band.

[0029] The first frequency band may include the 2.4 GHz frequency band of Wireless High-Fidelity (Wi-Fi), and the second frequency band may include the 5 GHz frequency band of Wi-Fi.

[0030] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, which may include a display screen, a frame, a rear cover, and a cavity antenna. The frame does not contact the edge of the display screen, forming a screen black edge surrounding the edge of the display screen. The cavity antenna may be the cavity antenna described in the first aspect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will describe the drawings required to be used in the embodiments of the present application.

[0032] Figure 1A - Figure 1B Shows an electronic device including a resonant cavity antenna provided by the present application;

[0033] Figure 2 Shows a traditional cavity antenna;

[0034] Figure 3 Shows Figure 2 the electric field distributions of several modes of the cavity antenna shown;

[0035] Figure 4 Shows Figure 2S11 simulation of the cavity antenna shown;

[0036] Figure 5 shows Figure 2 Antenna radiation efficiency simulation of the cavity antenna shown;

[0037] Figure 6 Shows a cavity antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 7 Shows the positional relationship between the first opening and the first projection area;

[0039] Figure 8 Shows a cavity antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 9 Shows a reference antenna related to an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 10A shows Figure 8 Smith chart simulation of the cavity antenna shown;

[0042] Figure 10B shows Figure 8 S11 simulation of the cavity antenna shown;

[0043] Figure 10C shows Figure 8 Antenna radiation efficiency simulation of the cavity antenna shown;

[0044] Figure 10D shows Figure 8 Electric field distribution and pattern of the cavity antenna shown in the XOY plane;

[0045] Figure 11 Shows another cavity antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 12 The influence of changing the notch width W on the Figure 11 antenna performance of the antenna shown is shown by the S11 simulation diagram;

[0047] Figure 13 The influence of changing the notch width W on the Figure 11 antenna performance of the antenna shown is shown by the antenna radiation efficiency simulation diagram;

[0048] Figure 14 The influence of changing the notch length L on the Figure 11 antenna performance (S11) of the antenna shown is shown by the S11 simulation diagram;

[0049] Figure 15 Shows the influence of changing the notch length L on the Figure 11 antenna performance (antenna radiation efficiency) of the antenna shown;

[0050] Figure 16 show the electric field distribution of the antenna shown in the XOY plane at different notch widths W; Figure 11

[0051] Figure 17 show the radiation pattern of the antenna shown at different notch widths W; Figure 11

[0052] Figure 18 show that Figure 9 the mode of the antenna shown is changing;

[0053] Figure 19 show the influence of increasing the cavity thickness h on the antenna performance through a Smith chart;

[0054] Figure 20 show the influence of increasing the cavity thickness h on the antenna performance through an S11 simulation diagram;

[0055] Figure 21 show the influence of increasing the cavity thickness h on the antenna performance through an antenna radiation efficiency simulation diagram;

[0056] Figure 22 show a position of the cavity antenna in an electronic device;

[0057] Figure 23 show another cavity antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0058] Figure 24 show that a plurality of parallel openings are provided on the top surface of the cavity;

[0059] Figure 25 show that a plurality of parallel openings are provided on the side surface of the cavity;

[0060] Figure 26 show a cavity antenna loaded with a parasitic cavity provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0061] Figure 27 show that Figure 26 the S11 simulation and radiation efficiency simulation of the cavity antenna shown;

[0062] Figure 28 show the radiation efficiency comparison between the cavity antenna without a notch and the cavity antenna with a notch;

[0063] Figure 29 show that Figure 26 the parasitic cavity of the antenna shown increases the metal wall part;

[0064] Figure 30 show that Figure 29 the S11 simulation of the cavity antenna shown;​​

[0065] Figure 31 Shows the antenna design scheme of the L-shaped cavity antenna loaded with a parasitic cavity;

[0066] Figure 32 Shows the cubic cavity antenna with a strip stub loaded at the middle strong electric field point provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0067] Figure 33 The influence of changing the length of the strip stub on the antenna performance is shown through the S11 simulation diagram;

[0068] Figure 34 The influence of changing the length of the strip stub on the antenna performance is shown through the antenna radiation efficiency simulation diagram;

[0069] Figure 35 The influence of changing the length of the strip stub on the antenna performance is shown through the antenna system efficiency simulation diagram;

[0070] Figure 36 Shows the mode TE of the cavity antenna when the stub length takes different values 3,0.5,0 of the electric field distribution;

[0071] Figure 37 Shows the L-shaped cavity antenna with a strip stub loaded at the middle strong electric field point provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0072] Figure 38 Shows the cubic cavity antenna with a T-shaped stub loaded at the middle strong electric field point provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0073] Figure 39 The influence of changing the length of the horizontal stub of the T-shaped stub on the antenna performance is shown through the S11 simulation diagram;

[0074] Figure 40 The influence of changing the length of the horizontal stub of the T-shaped stub on the antenna performance is shown through the antenna radiation efficiency simulation diagram;

[0075] Figure 41 Shows Figure 32 the performance comparison between the antenna shown Figure 38 and the antenna shown;

[0076] Figure 42 Shows the L-shaped cavity antenna with a T-shaped stub loaded at the middle strong electric field point provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0077] Figure 43 Shows Figure 42 the antenna performance of the antenna shown;

[0078] Figure 44 Shows a kind provided by the embodiment of the present application in TE 3,0.5,0A cavity antenna with two notches set at the electric field zero point;

[0079] Figure 45 Another example provided by the embodiments of the present application in TE 3,0.5,0 A cavity antenna with two notches set at the electric field zero point;

[0080] Figure 46 Shows Figure 44 The electric field distribution of the shown cavity antenna in the XOY plane;

[0081] Figure 47 Shows the influence of the notch size at the electric field zero point on the performance of the cavity antenna. Specific embodiments

[0082] The embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0083] The technical solutions provided in this application are applicable to electronic devices that adopt one or more of the following communication technologies: Bluetooth (BT) communication technology, Global Positioning System (GPS) communication technology, Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) communication technology, Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) communication technology, Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) communication technology, Long Term Evolution (LTE) communication technology, 5G communication technology, SUB-6G communication technology, and other future communication technologies. In this application, the electronic device can be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a smart screen, and so on.

[0084] Figure 1A - Figure 1B Exemplarily shows the electronic device 10 provided in this application. As Figure 1A - Figure 1B Shown, the electronic device 10 may include: a display screen 11, a rear cover 12, a frame 13, and a cavity antenna 16. Of course, the electronic device 10 may also include a camera 17, a battery 14, and Figure 1A - Figure 1B Components such as a printed circuit board (PCB) not shown in the figure.

[0085] Among them, the rear cover 12 and the frame 13 mainly play a supporting role for the whole machine. The connection between the rear cover 12 and the frame 13 can form a space for accommodating components such as the display screen 11, the PCB, the battery 14, and the camera 17, and helps to fix the display screen 11 and the internal components. The frame 13 does not contact the edge of the display screen 11, and this non-contact forms a gap surrounding the edge of the display screen 11. To prevent light leakage from the screen through this gap, the gap can be blocked by the black edge 15 of the screen.

[0086] The rear cover 12 and the metal frame 13 can be made of metal materials to form the metal appearance of the electronic device, which is also called the all-metal ID. The rear cover 12 and the frame 13 may not be two independent and separable parts, but are integrated into a metal shell 18.

[0087] Among them, the PCB can use an FR-4 dielectric board, or a Rogers dielectric board, or a hybrid dielectric board of Rogers and FR-4, etc. Here, FR-4 is a code for a flame-resistant material grade, and the Rogers dielectric board is a high-frequency board. A metal layer can be provided on one side of the PCB close to the metal rear cover 12, and the metal layer can be formed by etching metal on the surface of the PCB. The metal layer can be used for grounding the electronic components carried on the PCB to prevent electric shock to users or damage to the device. The metal layer can be called the PCB floor. Among the two sides of the PCB, the side provided with the PCB floor can be called the front side of the PCB, and the other side (without the PCB floor) can be called the back side of the PCB.

[0088] Among them, the cavity antenna 16 can be a cube cavity antenna. The cavity antenna 16 can be arranged under the display screen 11, between the rear cover 12 and the display screen 11, that is, arranged on the side of the display screen 11 facing the rear cover 12. An opening 16-1 can be provided on the surface of the cavity antenna 16 facing the display screen 11 to form a radiation port opposite to the black edge 15 of the screen. In this way, the radiation generated by the cavity antenna 16 can pass through the opening 16-1 and be transmitted to the external free space via the black edge 15 of the screen. For the electronic device 10 with an all-metal ID made of metal materials for the frame 13 and the rear cover 12, the radiation performance of the antenna can be guaranteed.

[0089] Furthermore, as Figure 1B shown, the under-screen cavity antenna 16 can generate an L-shaped bend so that the opening 16-1 formed on the cavity metal wall is closer to the black edge 15 of the screen, which is more conducive to the external radiation of the cavity antenna. That is to say, the cavity antenna 16 can be an L-shaped cavity antenna, and its L-shaped cavity can be composed of two connected cavity parts. The cavity part A ( Figure 1B shown as the vertical cavity part in ) extends along the first direction and points to the black edge 15 of the screen, and the cavity part B ( Figure 1BAs shown in the middle as the horizontal cavity part), it extends along the second direction, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction. The cavity part A is closer to the screen than the cavity part B. The opening 16-1 can be specifically opened on the end metal wall of the cavity part A facing the black edge 15 of the screen. That is, in the embodiment of the L-shaped cavity antenna, the surface where the radiation port is set can be the surface of the vertical cavity part A facing the black edge 15 of the screen.

[0090] The frame 13 in the electronic device 10 can also be made of a non-metallic material without blocking the radiation signal. In this case, the radiation port of the cavity antenna can also be set on the surface adjacent to and facing the frame 13, so that the antenna radiation can propagate outward through the non-metallic frame.

[0091] Figure 1A - Figure 1B Only some structures of the electronic device 10 are schematically and briefly shown, and the actual shapes, actual sizes and actual structures of its components are not limited by the illustration.

[0092] By arranging the cavity antenna 16 under the screen of the electronic device 10, the cavity mode can be used to cover dual bands, such as Wi-Fi 2.4GHz and 5GHz. It is possible to avoid configuring multiple single-frequency antennas in the electronic device to cover the dual band, thereby improving the space utilization rate of the whole machine and reducing the cost introduced by configuring components and transmission lines for multiple single-frequency antennas.

[0093] However, the traditional dual-frequency resonant cavity antenna has problems such as a narrow high-frequency bandwidth and the high-frequency mode being mixed with the efficiency pit mode.

[0094] Figure 2 A traditional rectangular cavity antenna is shown, which can also be called the reference antenna 1 in this article. The research on this cavity antenna is described below.

[0095] As Figure 2 shown, the reference antenna 1 can include a rectangular cavity 21 and a feed 22 arranged on the metal wall of the cavity. Taking Figure 2 the coordinate system XYZ in it as a reference, the rectangular cavity 21 can include: a top surface 21-A, a bottom surface 21-B, a front side surface 21-C, a rear side surface 21-D, a left side surface 21-E, and a right side surface 21-F. Among them, the top surface 21-A, the bottom surface 21-B, the front side surface 21-C, the rear side surface 21-D, and the left side surface 21-E can be metallic and are thus called metal walls. The right side surface 21-F is not metallic and is set as an opening to form the radiation port of the cavity antenna. In practical applications, other side surfaces, such as the front side surface or the left side surface, etc., can also be used as the radiation port.

[0096] An opening is provided on a surface. The opening can be parallel to a side of this surface, and the length of the opening can be equal to the length of this side. The width of the opening can be less than the width of this surface. The width of this surface is the length of this surface in the direction perpendicular to this side. When this surface is the smaller surface of the cavity and not the largest surface, the width of the opening can be as large as equal to the width of this surface.

[0097] The top surface 21-A and the bottom surface 21-B can be the surfaces with larger areas. Both can include a pair of long sides a and a pair of short sides b. The long side a and the short side b can also be respectively referred to as the long side and the short side of the rectangular cavity 21. The height of the rectangular cavity 21 is h.

[0098] Figure 3 The five modes TE of the reference antenna 1 are shown m,n,p (m, n, p respectively correspond to the x, y, z axes) The electric field distribution diagram in the XOY plane. These five modes are: TE 1,0.5,0 、TE 2,0.5,0 、TE 1,1.5,0 、TE 3,0.5,0 、TE 2,1.5,0 . They can also be referred to as the first five modes of the cavity antenna. In TE m,n,p , m, n, p represent the number of times the field strength fluctuates along the x, y, z axis coordinates. The resonant frequencies of each mode of the resonant cavity antenna satisfy the following formula (1):

[0099]

[0100] Among them, μ represents the magnetic permeability, ε represents the dielectric constant, and a, b, and h respectively represent the dimensions of the rectangular cavity in the x, y, z axis directions. a, b, h can be respectively referred to as the length, width, and height (thickness) of the rectangular cavity.

[0101] Through the above formula, the resonant frequencies of each mode of the resonant cavity antenna under specific dimensions (a, b, and h are specific values) can be calculated. Assuming that μ and ε are 1 H / m and 3.15 F / m respectively, and assuming that h is 5 mm, Table 1 shows the relationship between the resonant frequencies of each mode and b when a = 50 mm. Studying Table 1, it can be found that as b becomes smaller and smaller, the resonant frequencies of each mode become larger and larger; the resonant frequency of the mode TE 1,0.5,0 is at or close to the Wi-Fi 2.4 GHz frequency band, and the resonant frequencies of the modes TE 1,1.5,0 and TE 3,0.5,0 are at or close to the Wi-Fi 5 GHz frequency band.

[0102] Table 1

[0103] b (mm) <![CDATA[TE 1,0.5,0 (GHz)]]> <![CDATA[TE 1,1.5,0 (GHz)]]> <![CDATA[TE 3,0.5,0 (GHz)]]> <![CDATA[TE 2,1.5,0 (GHz)]]> 40 1.8 3.5 4.4 4.2 35 1.9 3.9 4.4 4.6 30 2 4.5 4.5 5.1 25 2.2 5.3 4.5 5.8

[0104] Figure 4 and Figure 5The simulations of S11 and radiation efficiency of a resonant cavity antenna with specifications of 60*25 mm (a=60 mm, b=25 mm) are shown respectively. Figure 4 The electric field distribution diagram at the resonance frequency of each mode is also shown in FIG. Figure 5 The directional diagram at the resonant frequency of each mode is also shown. Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, mode TE 1,0.5,0 The resonant frequency is about 2.0GHz-2.5GHz, mode TE 1,1.5,0 The resonant frequency is close to 5GHz, mode TE 3,0.5,0 The resonant frequency is around 4.6 GHz.

[0105] ModeTE 1,1.5,0 and mode TE 3,0.5,0 All are high frequency modes. Mode TE 1,0.5,0 Can be used to cover Wi-Fi 2.4GHz band, mode TE 1,1.5,0 TE 3,0.5,0 Can be used to cover Wi-Fi 5GHz. However, if Figure 4 - Figure 5 As shown, mode TE 1,1.5,0 The bandwidth of TE is limited. 3,0.5,0 It is an efficiency pit mode, in TE 3,0.5,0 The antenna radiation efficiency is very low at the resonant frequency, only -11.7dB, and there is an efficiency pit. Therefore, the traditional resonant cavity antenna has a narrow high-frequency bandwidth, and the high-frequency mode is mixed with the efficiency pit mode, and it is impossible to use the high-frequency dual mode (mode TE 1,1.5,0 and mode TE 3,0.5,0 )The problem of increasing high-frequency bandwidth.

[0106] Figure 3 - Figure 5 In the example, the cavity of the cavity antenna is a flat rectangular cavity, that is, h is much smaller than a and b. When h of the cavity is larger, for example, h of a cubic cavity is equal to a and b, TE m,n,p The value of p is no longer 0, but 0.5, 1, etc., the above problem still exists, that is, mode TE 1,1.5,p The bandwidth of TE is limited. 3,0.5,p This is an efficiency pit mode. The present application embodiment may not limit the value of p. The subsequent embodiments will use TE m,n,p Simplified expression is TE m,n , such as TE 1,1.5 TE 3,0.5 .

[0107] In the embodiment of the present application, Figure 1A - Figure 1B The cavity antenna 16 shown in the figure can be further optimized to increase the high-frequency bandwidth and improve the efficiency pit problem of the high-frequency mode, so as to achieve dual-frequency coexistence while ensuring the antenna performance.

[0108] Example 1

[0109] In this embodiment, a notch is formed at the radiation port of the cavity antenna to change the shape of the radiation port, which can increase the high-frequency bandwidth and improve the efficiency of the high-frequency mode.

[0110] Figure 6 An exemplary cavity antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown. The cavity antenna includes a cavity and a feed 22 provided on the cavity.

[0111] Among them, as Figure 6 shown, the cavity may include a front side 31-A, a right side 31-B, a top surface 31-C, and a rear side 31-D opposite to the front side 31-A that is blocked, a left side 31-E opposite to the right side 31-B, and a bottom surface 31-F opposite to the top surface 31-C. The top surface 31-C is called the top surface because it faces the display screen of the electronic device, and the bottom surface 31-D is called the top surface because it faces the back cover of the electronic device. The front side, the rear side, the left side, and the right side are only named from the Figure 6 perspective and do not limit their orientation in the electronic device.

[0112] Among them, as Figure 6 shown, an opening 16-1 may be provided on the top surface 31-C. The opening 16-1 may overlap or partially overlap with the first projection area of the screen black edge 15 on the top surface 31-C, and the extending direction of the opening 16-1 may be the same as the extending direction of the first projection area, so that the opening 16-1 can be opposite to the screen black edge 15, enabling the radiation generated by the cavity antenna to be transmitted to the external free space through the screen black edge 15.

[0113] In Figure 6 , the extending direction of the first projection area is specifically the extending direction from the edge where the top surface 31-C is connected to the front side 31-A to the edge where the top surface 31-C is connected to the rear side 31-D (blocked), and the extending direction of the opening 16-1 refers to the same direction.

[0114] Compared with partial overlap, the overlap of the opening 16-1 with the first projection area makes the opening 16-1 directly opposite to the screen black edge 15, so that the radiation generated by the cavity antenna 16 can be more fully transmitted to the external free space through the screen black edge 15 and is rarely blocked by the display screen 11, resulting in higher radiation performance. Partial overlap may include the following typical situations: the opening 16-1 is wider than the first projection area, the first projection area is wider than the opening 16-1, and the positions of the first projection area and the opening 16-1 are offset on the top surface 31-C. These situations can be respectively as Figure 7 shown in (a), (b), and (c) of

[0115] The opening 16-1 can be provided parallel to a side of the top surface 31-C. This side can be referred to as the first side. The length of the opening 16-1 is equal to the length of the first side. For example, Figure 6 in Figure 6 , the opening 16-1 is parallel to the side 24-A of the top surface 31-C, so the length of the opening 16-1 is equal to the length of the side 24-A.

[0116] The cavity can be a cuboid cavity. The first side can be the longer side 24-A of the top surface 31-C or the shorter side 24-B of the cavity. The cavity can also be a cube cavity, in which case all sides of the top surface 31-C are of the same length.

[0117] In an embodiment where the first surface is the surface of the cavity facing the black edge of the screen, the position of the cavity of the cavity antenna in the electronic device can have multiple choices, as long as the opening 16-1 provided on the first surface can face the black edge of the screen.

[0118] Among them, as Figure 6 shown, a notch 23 communicating with the opening 16-1 can also be cut on the cavity metal wall on one side of the opening 16-1 to expand the bandwidth of mode TE 1,1.5 , increase the high-frequency bandwidth, and also improve the efficiency pit of mode TE 3,0.5 . This will be described in detail later in combination with the simulation diagrams.

[0119] The notch 23 can be specifically provided in the middle on one side of the opening 16-1, that is, a notch is added in the middle at the radiation port, and this position is also the electric field strong point of mode TE 3,0.5 .

[0120] The notch 23 can be a rectangular groove or a square groove. The length W of the notch 23 in the second direction can be greater than or equal to 0.02 times the wavelength of mode TE 3,0.5 and less than or equal to 0.3 times the wavelength of mode TE 3,0.5 . Assuming that the resonant frequency of mode TE3,0.5 is f1, its wavelength can be expressed as ε is the dielectric constant of the medium. The second direction refers to the direction perpendicular to the first side. The length of the notch 23 in the first direction can be greater than or equal to 1 / 4 of the length L of the first side and less than or equal to 3 / 4 of the length of the first side. The first direction is the extension direction of the first side. In this way, the high-frequency bandwidth can be increased to a greater extent.

[0121] The notch 23 can also be an irregular shape, such as a semicircle, a trapezoid, etc. At this time, the length of the notch 23 in the second direction refers to the maximum length of the notch 23 in the second direction; similarly, the first length of the notch 23 in the first direction refers to the maximum length of the notch 23 in the first direction.

[0122] Not limited to a cube cavity, such asFigure 8 As shown, the cavity can also be an L-shaped cavity. In an embodiment where the cavity is an L-shaped cavity, the opening 16-1 is provided on the side 32 of the vertical cavity portion facing the screen black edge 15, and a notch 23 can be formed by cutting down the vertical metal wall 25-1 at the side edge of the opening 16-1. The notch 23 can be made larger, for example Figure 8 as shown, the vertical metal wall 25-1 can be cut down to its bottom, and then the metal wall 25-2 of the horizontal cavity portion B can be cut horizontally to the right, finally forming a notch 23 communicating with the opening 16-1.

[0123] For the L-shaped cavity antenna, the length of the notch 23 in the second direction refers to the length of the projection of the notch 23 on the top surface 31-C in the second direction, and the length of the notch 23 in the first direction refers to the length of the projection of the notch 23 on the top surface 31-C in the first direction.

[0124] Figure 9 An L-shaped cavity antenna for reference is shown, called reference antenna 2. For example Figure 9 as shown, an opening is provided on the metal wall of the reference antenna 2 facing the screen, which is opposite to the screen black edge, but no notch is formed at this opening. The following takes Figure 9 the L-shaped cavity antenna shown as a reference to illustrate the performance improvement of the antenna by adding a notch at the radiation port.

[0125] Figure 10A - Figure 10C is shown Figure 8 the Smith chart, S11 simulation, and antenna radiation efficiency simulation of the cavity antenna shown. Figure 10A - Figure 10C In it, "opening" indicates Figure 8 the cavity antenna with a notch opened at the radiation port shown, and "original" indicates Figure 9 the cavity antenna shown without a notch opened at the radiation port. For example Figure 10A as shown, compared with the reference antenna 2, by changing the shape of the radiation port, increasing the radiation aperture of the antenna can achieve the effect of converging the impedance circle. For example Figure 10B as shown, after impedance matching, the -6dB high-frequency bandwidth of the cavity antenna increases by about 20.9%. Figure 10C The bandwidths indicated by the numbers "1" and "2" in it also illustrate the obvious increase in the high-frequency bandwidth. In addition, Figure 10C also shows in it Figure 8 the improvement of the efficiency pit of the cavity antenna shown compared with the reference antenna 2. For example Figure 10C as shown, the efficiency pit near 6.5GHz (mode TE3,0.5) becomes shallower.

[0126] Figure 10D is shown Figure 8 the electric field distribution diagram and radiation pattern of the cavity antenna shown. For example Figure 10DAs shown, in the Wi-Fi 5G band, the cavity antenna operates in the TE1,1.5 mode. This indicates that by opening a notch at the radiation port of the cavity antenna, the bandwidth of the high-frequency TE1,1.5 mode has increased significantly, and the high-frequency bandwidth is larger.

[0127] In the embodiments of the present application, the surface of the cavity where the opening is provided can be referred to as the first surface, such as Figure 6 the top surface 31-C in Figure 8 and the surface 32 in Figure 6 The frame 13 of the electronic device can be non-metallic. In this case, it is not limited to the top surface 31-C facing the display screen, and the first surface can also be the surface facing the frame 13 and adjacent to the frame 13, such as Figure 6 the right side surface 31-B in

[0128] Figure 11 Exemplarily shows another cavity antenna provided by the embodiments of the present application. As Figure 11 shown, the cavity antenna includes a cavity and a feed provided on the cavity.

[0129] Among them, the opening 16-2 can be provided on the right side surface 31-B. The opening 16-2 can overlap or partially overlap with the second projection area of the frame 13 on the right side surface 31-B, and the extending direction of the opening 16-2 can be the same as the extending direction of the second projection area. In this way, the opening 16-2 can be opposite to the frame 13, so that the radiation generated by the cavity antenna can be transmitted through the frame 13 to the external free space.

[0130] In Figure 11 the extending direction of the second projection area is specifically the extending direction from the edge where the right side surface 31-B is connected to the front side surface 31-A to the edge where the right side surface 31-B is connected to the rear side surface 31-D (obscured), and the extending direction of the opening 16-2 refers to the same direction.

[0131] In the embodiment where the first surface is the surface of the cavity facing the frame of the electronic device, the cavity of the cavity antenna can be arranged close to the frame of the electronic device. Specifically, the first surface is arranged close to the frame, so as to facilitate the opening 16-1 provided on the first surface to be close to the non-metallic frame, thereby facilitating the radiation of the antenna to be transmitted outward through the non-metallic frame.

[0132] Compared with partial overlap, the overlap between the opening 16-2 and the second projection region makes the opening 16-2 more aligned with the frame 13. As a result, the radiation generated by the cavity antenna can be more fully transmitted to the external space through the frame 13, and the radiation performance is higher. Partial overlap can include the following typical situations: the opening 16-2 is wider than the second projection region, the second projection region is wider than the opening 16-2, and the positions of the second projection region and the opening 16-2 are offset on the right side surface 31-B.

[0133] The opening 16-2 can be provided parallel to a side edge of the right side surface 31-B. This side edge can be referred to as the first side edge. The length of the opening 16-2 is equal to the length of the first side edge. For example, Figure 11 in, the opening 16-2 is parallel to the side edge 25-A of the right side surface 31-B, so the length of the opening 16-1 is equal to the length of the side edge 25-A.

[0134] Among them, as Figure 11 shown, a notch 27 communicating with the opening 16-2 can also be cut on the cavity metal wall on one side of the opening 16-2 to expand the bandwidth of the mode TE 1,1.5 , increase the high-frequency bandwidth, and also improve the efficiency pit of the mode TE 3,0.5 . Regarding this point, it will be described in detail later in combination with the simulation diagrams. This cavity antenna is based on the Figure 11 reference antenna 3 shown, and a notch 27 with a length L and a width W is further opened on the XOY plane, and the notch 27 communicates with the opening 16-2.

[0135] Regarding the description of the notch 27, reference can be made to the Figure 6 relevant description of the notch 23 in the embodiment, which will not be elaborated here.

[0136] The length L and width W of the notch 27 will affect the antenna radiation efficiency and resonant frequency. Here, the length L refers to the length of the notch 27 in the first direction, and the first direction is the extension direction of the first side edge; the width W refers to the length of the notch 27 in the second direction, and the second direction is the direction perpendicular to the first side edge.

[0137] Figure 12 - Figure 13 shows the influence of changing the width W on the antenna performance when the length L of the notch 27 is a fixed value. Among them, given L = 30 mm, the width W traverses the following values (in mm): 0, 2, 4, 6, 8; Figure 12 is the antenna S11 simulation diagram, Figure 13 is the antenna radiation efficiency simulation diagram.

[0138] In Figure 12 and Figure 13 , the simulation curves of W = 0, W = 2, W = 4, W = 6, and W = 8 can be seen in Figure 12 and Figure 13Indications of the numbers "1", "2", "3", "4", "5"; mode TE 1,0.5,0 The resonant frequency of mode TE is in the range of 2.5 GHz - 3 GHz, the resonant frequency of mode TE1,1.5 is in the range of 5 GHz - 5.5 GHz, and the resonant frequency of mode TE3,0.5 is 6 GHz and above.

[0139] It is found through simulation that as Figure 11 shown, as the width W increases, mode TE 1,0.5,0 and mode TE1,1.5 gradually shift to higher frequencies, and the high-frequency bandwidth also increases accordingly. Moreover, as Figure 13 shown, as the width W increases, the efficiency pit of mode TE3,0.5 gradually becomes shallower.

[0140] Figure 14 - Figure 15 shows the influence of changing the length L on the antenna performance when the width W of the notch 27 is a fixed value. Among them, given W = 6 mm, the length L traverses the following values (in mm): 20, 24, 28, 32, 34, 48; Figure 14 is the simulation diagram of the antenna S11, Figure 15 is the simulation diagram of the antenna radiation efficiency.

[0141] In Figure 14 and Figure 15 the simulation curves of L = 20, L = 24, L = 28, L = 32, L = 34, L = 48 can be seen in Figure 14 and Figure 15 Indications of the numbers "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6"; mode TE 1,0.5,0 The resonant frequency of mode TE is approximately in the range of 2.5 GHz - 3 GHz, the resonant frequency of mode TE1,1.5 is approximately in the range of 5 GHz - 6 GHz, and the resonant frequency of mode TE3,0.5 is approximately in the range of 6 GHz - 6.5 GHz.

[0142] It is found through simulation that as Figure 14 shown, as the length L increases, the resonant frequency of mode TE 1,0.5,0 remains basically unchanged, while the resonant frequency of mode TE1,1.5 shifts to higher frequencies, such as from 5 GHz to 6 GHz. Therefore, the resonant frequency of mode TE1,1.5 can be changed by adjusting the length L. At the same time, as the length L increases, the resonant frequency of mode TE3,0.5 remains basically unchanged, in the range of 6 GHz - 6.5 GHz, but its efficiency pit first decreases and then increases. Specifically, as Figure 15As shown, as the length L increases from 20 mm to 24 mm and then to 28 mm, the efficiency pit of mode TE3,0.5 gradually becomes shallower. However, as the length L continues to increase to 32 mm and then to 34 mm, the efficiency pit of mode TE3,0.5 becomes deeper and deeper. When the length L increases to 48 mm (close to the length of the first side of the cavity, such as the long side a), the efficiency pit of mode TE3,0.5 is very obvious, approaching -4 dB.

[0143] Increasing the notch 27 can change the phase of the middle sub-wave of mode TE3,0.5, so that the phase difference between the three sub-waves is no longer equal to 180°, and the efficiency pit problem can be improved. However, when the length of the notch 27 is close to the length of the first side of the cavity (such as the long side a), the phase difference between these three sub-waves will return to 180°, and the efficiency pit deepens.

[0144] Figure 16 is shown Figure 11 The electric field distribution of the shown antenna at 6 GHz is presented. Here, 6 GHz is the resonant frequency of mode TE3,0.5, that is, the efficiency pit. As Figure 16 shown, as the width W of the notch 27 increases, the phases and amplitudes of the three sub-waves at the radiation port of the antenna change, so that the in-phase cancellation between the sub-waves weakens and the efficiency pit becomes shallower. Specifically, as Figure 16 shown, when the width W increases from 0 mm to 2 mm, the amplitudes of the left and right sub-waves become smaller, and the cancellation with the out-of-phase middle sub-wave becomes weaker. When the width W further increases to 4 mm, these three sub-waves become in-phase and no longer cancel each other. At this time, the electric field distribution deviates more from the electric field distribution of mode TE3,0.5. When the width W further increases to 6 mm, a transverse electric field appears at the radiation port, weakening the longitudinal electric fields of the left and right sub-waves and reducing the mutual cancellation between the sub-waves. At this time, the electric field distribution no longer conforms to the electric field distribution of mode TE3,0.5.

[0145] In addition, as the efficiency pit decreases, the directivity of the antenna also weakens, as can be Figure 17 shown. The resonant cavity antenna described in Embodiment 1 also has this characteristic. Figure 6 、 Figure 8 shown

[0146] In practical applications, the mode at the radiation port is variable. As Figure 18 shown, when the phase of the antenna feed is 45°, the electric field directions of the middle sub-wave and the left and right sub-waves at the radiation port are opposite, and the electric field distribution in the XOY plane is mode TE3,0.5. However, when the phase of the antenna feed is 150°, the electric field directions of the middle sub-wave and the left and right sub-waves at the radiation port are the same, and the electric field distribution in the XOY plane is mode TE1,1.5.

[0147] It can be seen that by opening a notch at the radiation port of the cavity antenna, the high-frequency bandwidth can be increased, the efficiency pit of the high-frequency mode can be improved, and the directivity of the antenna radiation can be reduced.

[0148] The length L of the notch can be specifically set to 1 / 4 to 3 / 4 of the first side of the cavity. The width W of the notch can preferably be set to 0.02 to 0.3 of the wavelength of mode TE3,0.5. In this way, the high-frequency bandwidth can be increased to a greater extent.

[0149] Assuming that the resonant frequency of mode TE3,0.5 is f1, its wavelength can be expressed as ε is the dielectric constant of the medium. The length L refers to the length of the notch in the first direction, and the first direction is the extension direction of the first side; the width W refers to the length of the notch in the second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first side.

[0150] For the cavity antenna, there is another scheme to increase the high-frequency bandwidth: increasing the cavity thickness.

[0151] Figure 19 - Figure 21 Shows the influence of increasing the cavity thickness h1 on the antenna performance. Among them, the thickness h1 traverses the following values (in millimeters): 3, 6, 9; Figure 19 is the Smith chart, Figure 20 is the antenna S11 simulation diagram, Figure 21 is the antenna radiation efficiency simulation diagram. As Figure 19 and Figure 20 shown, as the cavity thickness h1 increases, the Smith chart becomes more convergent, and the high-frequency modes (TE1,1.5, TE3,0.5) can cover a larger high-frequency bandwidth. However, as Figure 21 shown, as the cavity thickness h increases, the efficiency pit (TE3,0.5) still exists, and the antenna performance is poor. Moreover, the increase in the cavity thickness is limited by the limited space of the electronic device 10. Compared with the scheme of increasing the cavity thickness, the scheme of adding a notch at the radiation port introduced in the embodiments of the present application is more suitable for electronic devices with limited antenna design space, and can also improve the efficiency pit problem of the high-frequency mode.

[0152] As Figure 22 shown, the frame of the electronic device can include frame 13-A, frame 13-B, frame 13-C, and frame 13-D, which are connected in sequence, and the two connected frames are also perpendicular to each other. Inside the electronic device, the cavity of the cavity antenna can be set at the corner of the frame formed by the connection of the first frame (such as frame 13-A) and the second frame (such as frame 13-D), so that the first side surface (such as side surface 31-A) faces and is close to the first frame (such as frame 13-A), and the second side surface (such as side surface 31-B) faces and is close to the second frame (such as frame 13-D).

[0153] Not limited toFigure 11 The opening shown facing only one border and provided facing the non-metal border can also face two mutually perpendicular and connected borders at the same time, forming a penetrating L-shaped opening.

[0154] Figure 23 Another cavity antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application is exemplarily shown. As Figure 23 shown, the cavity antenna includes a cavity and a feed provided on the cavity.

[0155] Among them, the opening 16-3 can be provided on the first side and the second side, such as the right side 31-B and the front side 31-A, forming an L-shaped opening extending along the extension direction from the first side to the second side and penetrating the first side and the second side; and, the opening 16-3 overlaps and partially overlaps with the second projection areas of the first border and the second border on the side of the cavity, and the extension direction of the opening 16-3 can be the same as the extension direction of the second projection area, so that the opening 16-3 can face these two borders, enabling the radiation generated by the cavity antenna to be transmitted to the external free space through these two non-metal borders.

[0156] The second projection area includes the projection area of the first border on the first side and the projection area of the second border on the second side. The second projection area also extends along the extension direction from the first side to the second side and penetrates the first side and the second side, and is an L-shaped projection area.

[0157] In Figure 23 , the extension direction of the second projection area is specifically the extension direction from the edge where the front side 31-A is connected to the left side 31-E, to the edge where the front side 31-A is connected to the right side 31-B, and then to the edge where the right side 31-B is connected to the rear side 31-D (obscured). The extension direction of the opening 16-3 refers to the same direction.

[0158] The first side is the side of the cavity facing and closest to the first border, and the second side is the side of the cavity facing and closest to the second border. The first border and the second border are two mutually perpendicular and connected borders, such as border 13-A and border 13-D.

[0159] On the first side, the opening 16-3 can be provided parallel to a side edge of the first side; on the second side, the opening 16-3 can be provided parallel to a side edge of the second side. The side edge on the first side and the side edge on the second side can be called the first side edge. The length of the opening 16-3 is equal to the length of the first side edge. The length of the first side edge is equal to the sum of the length of the side edge on the first side and the length of the side edge on the second side. For example, Figure 22Among them, the opening 16-3 is parallel to the side 26-1 on the side 31-B, the opening 16-3 is parallel to the side 26-2 on the side 31-A, and the length of the opening 16-3 can be equal to the sum of the lengths of the side 26-1 and the side 26-2.

[0160] Among them, as Figure 23 shown, a notch 28 communicating with the opening 16-3 can also be cut out on the cavity metal wall on one side of the opening 16-3 to expand the bandwidth of the mode TE 1,1.5 , increase the high-frequency bandwidth, and also improve the efficiency pit of the mode TE 3,0.5 .

[0161] Specifically, the notch 28 can be provided at the connection of the first side and the second side. In the embodiment of setting the L-shaped opening 16-3, the connection of the first side and the second side is also the strong electric field point of the mode TE 3,0.5 .

[0162] The length of the notch 28 in the second direction can be greater than or equal to 0.02 times the wavelength of the mode TE 3,0.5 , and less than or equal to 0.3 times the wavelength of the mode TE 3,0.5 . The second direction refers to the direction perpendicular to the first side. The length of the notch 28 in the first direction can be greater than or equal to 1 / 4 of the length of the first side, and less than or equal to 3 / 4 of the length of the first side. The first direction is the extension direction of the first side. The first side includes the side parallel to the opening 16-3 on the first side (referred to as the second side) and the side parallel to the opening 16-3 on the second side (referred to as the third side). On the first side, the second direction specifically refers to the direction perpendicular to the second side, and the first direction specifically refers to the extension direction of the second side; on the second side, the second direction specifically refers to the direction perpendicular to the third side, and the first direction specifically refers to the extension direction of the third side.

[0163] For other descriptions of the notch 28, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of the notch in the foregoing embodiments, which will not be elaborated here.

[0164] Not limited to the cube cavity antenna, the L-shaped cavity antenna can also be provided at the corner of the frame formed by the connection of the first frame and the second frame. L-shaped openings facing the frame can also be provided on the two mutually perpendicular and connected sides of its cavity, and at the connection of these two sides, a notch can be cut out on the metal wall on one side of the L-shaped opening to expand the high-frequency bandwidth.

[0165] In the embodiments of the present application, the opening provided on the cavity facing the black edge of the screen or the non-metal frame can be called the first opening, such as Figure 6 the opening 16-1 in Figure 8 the opening 16-1 in Figure 11 the opening 16-2 inFigure 23 the opening 16-3 therein; the cavity surface provided with the first opening can be referred to as the first surface, such as Figure 6 the top surface 31-C in Figure 8 the surface 32 in Figure 11 the top surface 31-C in Figure 23 the side surfaces 31-A and 31-B in; the notch cut out on the metal wall on one side of the first opening can be referred to as the first notch.

[0166] In the embodiments of the present application, and not limited to one, the number of the first openings provided on the first surface can be multiple, and one or more of the openings can be provided with notches. For example, as Figure 24 shown, the first surface is the top surface 31-C facing the black edge of the screen, and multiple openings can be provided thereon, and one or more of the openings can be provided with notches (not shown), and the relevant description of the notches can refer to the foregoing embodiments and will not be elaborated here. Another example, as Figure 25 shown, the first surface is the right side surface 31-A facing the frame, and multiple openings can be provided thereon, and one or more of the openings can be provided with notches (not shown), and the relevant description of the notches can refer to the foregoing embodiments and will not be elaborated here.

[0167] Embodiment Two

[0168] Based on the foregoing embodiments, the cavity antenna can further include a parasitic cavity, and the parasitic cavity communicates with the cavity of the cavity antenna described in the foregoing embodiments to increase the low-frequency bandwidth.

[0169] The following will be illustrated by taking some of the foregoing cavity antennas as examples.

[0170] Figure 26 An exemplary cavity antenna provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown. The foregoing cavity antennas not exemplified can also adopt this improvement.

[0171] As Figure 26 shown, in addition to the cavity 30, the cavity antenna described in the foregoing Figure 6 embodiments can further include a parasitic cavity 35. The cavity 30 and the parasitic cavity 35 communicate on the side of the cavity, that is, there is no metal wall at the connection between the two, and the cavities are communicated. In the embodiments of the present application, the parasitic cavity 35 and the cavity 30 are specifically communicated on the third surface of the cavity 30, and the third surface and the first surface of the cavity 30 share the first side edge, and the first side edge is the side edge on the first surface parallel to and closest to the first opening. For example, as Figure 26 shown, the first surface is the top surface 31-C provided with the opening 16-1, and the opening 16-1 is parallel to the side edge 24-A, and the third surface is the right side surface 31-A of the cavity, and it shares the side edge 24-A with the first surface 31-C. In this way, the opening 16-1 provided on the cavity 30 is also adjacent to the parasitic cavity 35 to better excite the parasitic cavity to generate radiation.

[0172] Figure 27 shows Figure 26 the S11 simulation and radiation efficiency simulation of the antenna shown. As Figure 27 shown, by setting the resonance frequency of the parasitic cavity near the Wi-Fi 2.4 GHz band, such as about 2.9 GHz, the bandwidth of the low-frequency 2.4 GHz band can be increased. In this article, the resonance mode of the parasitic cavity can also be called the parasitic mode. Referring to formula (1) in the previous text, the resonance frequency of the parasitic cavity can be adjusted by setting the length a2, width b2, and height h2 of the parasitic cavity. And, as Figure 27 shown, by opening a notch 23 at the opening 16-1, the efficiency pit problem in the high-frequency mode (near 6 GHz) can be improved. Thus Figure 26 the antenna shown can achieve: low-frequency coverage from 2.3 GHz to 2.8 GHz, and the radiation efficiency is greater than -3 dB; high-frequency coverage from 4.95 GHz to 5.9 GHz, and the radiation efficiency is greater than -2 dB.

[0173] Figure 28 shows the radiation efficiency comparison between the cavity antenna without opening the notch 31 and the cavity antenna with the notch 31 opened. As Figure 28 shown, when the notch 31 is not opened (W = 0), the radiation efficiency pit in the high-frequency band is obvious; when the notch 31 is opened (W = 4 mm), the radiation efficiency pit in the high-frequency band becomes shallower.

[0174] Furthermore, as Figure 29 shown, the opening 16-1 of the cavity 30 can be specifically arranged along the first side, such as along the side 24-A of the top surface. At the opening 16-1, the parasitic cavity 35 can further include a metal wall portion 33, which extends from the first side to the other side of the opening 16-1 without contacting the metal wall of the other side. The metal wall portion 33 does not contact the metal wall of the cavity 30. The metal wall portion 33 can be specifically arranged in the middle of the first side. As Figure 30 shown, by adding the metal wall portion 33 (c = 3 mm), the parasitic mode can be made closer to the low-frequency main mode, and the low-frequency radiation efficiency can be improved. The low-frequency main mode is the mode TE of the cavity antenna 16 1,0.5,0 .

[0175] Not limited to the cube cavity antenna, the L-shaped cavity antenna can also further include a parasitic cavity, such as Figure 31 shown. The parasitic cavity 35 and the cavity 30 can be specifically connected on the third side (the blocked side) of the cavity 30. The third side and the first side (the surface 32 of the vertical cavity portion) of the cavity 30 share the first side, such as the side 32-A. The first side is the side on the first surface that is parallel to and closest to the opening 16-1. Similarly, by loading the parasitic cavity, the L-shaped cavity antenna can also further increase the low-frequency bandwidth.

[0176] Embodiment 3

[0177] Based on the above embodiment, the cavity antenna can further load metal branches at the radiation port, specifically at the electric field strength point of mode TE3,0.5 on the XOY plane. The metal branches are not connected to the feed, and are used to change the electric field phase of the three sub-waves of mode TE3,0.5 to improve the efficiency pit of mode TE3,0.5.

[0178] The following uses some of the aforementioned cavity antennas as examples to illustrate, and the aforementioned cavity antennas not shown in the examples can also adopt this improvement.

[0179] Figure 32 A cavity antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application is exemplarily shown.

[0180] like Figure 32 As shown above Figure 11 The cavity antenna described in the embodiment may further be provided with a strip-shaped metal branch 34 at the notch 27. The strip-shaped metal branch 34 may be connected to the metal wall on one side of the notch 27, that is, the metal wall on the top surface 31-C, and extend from the metal wall to the opening 16-1. The cavity (the hollowed-out part shown in the figure) may be filled with non-metallic material, and the strip-shaped metal branch 34 may be laid on the filling material. The strip-shaped metal branch 34 may be formed by hollowing out the metal wall of the cavity.

[0181] At the notch 27, the strip-shaped metal branch 34 can be specifically arranged at the electric field strength point of mode TE3,0.5 to improve the efficiency pit problem of mode TE3,0.5. In the cavity antenna described in the above embodiment, the electric field strength point of mode TE3,0.5 is located at the positions of 1 / 6, 1 / 2, and 5 / 6 of the side of the opening 16-1. Among them, the 1 / 2 position is the electric field strength point of the middle sub-wave of mode TE3,0.5, and the metal branch is loaded here to further improve the efficiency pit.

[0182] Figure 33 - Figure 35 The effect of changing the length L1 of the strip-shaped metal branch 34 on the antenna performance is shown. The length L1 of the strip-shaped metal branch 34 ranges from the following values ​​(in millimeters): 1, 3, 5, 7; Figure 33 This is the simulation diagram of antenna S11. Figure 34 This is the simulation diagram of antenna radiation efficiency. Figure 35 This is the antenna system efficiency simulation diagram. Figure 33 - Figure 35 The simulation curves of L1=1, L1=3, L1=5, and L1=7 can be seen in Figure 33 - Figure 35 Indicates the numbers "1", "2", "3", and "4".

[0183] like Figure 33 - Figure 35As shown, changing the length L1 of the strip-shaped metal stub 34 has basically no effect on the resonant frequencies of the cavity antenna. However, as the length L1 increases, the efficiency pit of the high-frequency mode of the cavity antenna gradually decreases.

[0184] Figure 36 The electric field distributions of the mode TE3,0.5 of the cavity antenna are shown when the length L1 of the strip-shaped metal stub 34 takes different values. As Figure 36 shown, as the length L1 of the strip-shaped metal stub 34 increases, the electric field phase of the middle sub-wave of the mode TE3,0.5 lags, which makes the three sub-waves no longer have equal-amplitude and opposite-phase distributions, and the mutual cancellation becomes weaker, thus making the efficiency pit shallower.

[0185] Not limited to the cuboid cavity antenna, as Figure 37 shown, an L-shaped cavity antenna can also be provided with a strip-shaped metal stub 34 at the notch, specifically, it can be set at the electric field strong point of the mode TE3,0.5 in the XOY plane. The inside of the L-shaped cavity (the hollow part shown in the figure) can be filled with a non-metallic material, and the strip-shaped metal stub 34 can be laid on this filling material and bent along this filling material. The strip-shaped metal stub 34 can be formed by hollowing out the metal wall of the L-shaped cavity.

[0186] Figure 38 Another cavity antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application is exemplarily shown.

[0187] As Figure 38 shown, the metal stub provided at the notch can be further modified into a T-shaped stub 36. The T-shaped stub 36 can be laid on the filling material inside the cavity and bent along this filling material. The T-shaped stub 36 includes a horizontal stub part 36-1 and a vertical stub part 36-2. One end of the vertical stub part 36-2 is connected to the metal wall 51 on one side of the notch and extends from the metal wall 51 on one side of the notch to the opening 16-1. The other end of the vertical stub part 36-2 is connected to the horizontal stub part 36-1. The horizontal stub part 36-1 can be parallel to the opening 16-1.

[0188] Figure 39 - Figure 40 The influence of changing the length L2 of the horizontal stub 36-1 on the antenna performance is shown. Among them, the length L2 of the horizontal stub 36-1 traverses the following values (in millimeters): 4, 8, 12, 16; Figure 39 is the antenna S11 simulation diagram, Figure 40 is the antenna radiation efficiency simulation diagram. In Figure 39 , the simulation curves without the T-shaped stub, L2 = 4, L2 = 8, L2 = 12, and L2 = 16 can be seen in the indications of the numbers "1", "3", "4", "5", and "6" in Figure 39 and Figure 40 respectively. In Figure 40Among them, the simulation curves of L2 = 4, L2 = 8, L2 = 12, and L2 = 16 can be seen in Figure 39 and Figure 40 as indicated by the numbers "1", "2", "3", and "4".

[0189] As Figure 39 shown, the T-shaped stub 36 can introduce a new resonance located in the high-frequency band of 5 GHz - 5.5 GHz, and this resonance moves towards the low frequency as the length L2 of the horizontal stub increases. As Figure 40 shown, after loading the T-shaped stub 36, the phase difference between the three sub-waves is changed again, causing the efficiency pit to reappear, and the position of this pit moves towards the low frequency as the length L2 of the horizontal stub increases.

[0190] The length of the horizontal stub 36-1 can specifically be set to 0.02 to 0.3 of the wavelength of mode TE3,0.5, that is, the length of the horizontal stub part is greater than or equal to 0.02 times the wavelength of mode TE 3,0.5 and less than or equal to 0.3 times the wavelength of mode TE 3,0.5 to reduce the phase difference between the three sub-waves of this mode, weaken their mutual cancellation, and thus improve the efficiency pit.

[0191] Figure 41 shows Figure 32 the performance comparison between the antenna shown in Figure 38 and the antenna shown in Figure 41 As Figure 32 shown, compared with the antenna shown in Figure 38 the antenna shown in 1,0.5,0 has a new high-frequency resonance point (the resonance point indicated by the number "3") added due to loading the T-shaped stub, increasing the high-frequency bandwidth, and the resonance of mode TE Figure 41 Among them, the numbers "1", "3", and "4" indicate several resonance points of the antenna shown in Figure 38 the numbers "2" and "5" indicate the resonance points of the antenna shown in Figure 32 and; moreover, the numbers "5" and "6" together indicate the 5G high-frequency bandwidth of the antenna shown in Figure 32 the numbers "3" and "4" together indicate the 5G high-frequency bandwidth of the antenna shown in Figure 38 the high-frequency bandwidth indicated by the latter is greater than the high-frequency bandwidth indicated by the former, that is Figure 38 the high-frequency bandwidth of the antenna shown in Figure 32 is greater than the high-frequency bandwidth of the antenna shown in Figure 41 Among them, "reference antenna 4" indicates the antenna shown in Figure 32

[0192] is not limited to the cuboid cavity antenna. As Figure 42 ​As shown, a T-shaped metal stub can also be provided at the notch of the L-shaped cavity antenna, such as the T-shaped stub 37, which can be specifically provided at the electric field strong point of the mode TE3,0.5 in the XOY plane. The inside of the L-shaped cavity (the hollowed-out part in the figure) can be filled with a non-metallic material, and the T-shaped stub 37 can be laid on this filling material and bent along this filling material. The T-shaped stub 37 can be formed by hollowing out the metal wall of the L-shaped cavity.

[0193] Figure 43 Shows Figure 42 The antenna shown and Figure 9 Performance comparison of the antenna shown. This comparison includes the comparison of S11 simulation and the comparison of radiation efficiency simulation. As Figure 43 Shown, Figure 9 The antenna shown has an efficiency pit in the Wi-Fi 5G band, and the antenna performance is poor. See the indication of the number "2" in Figure 37 ; Compared with the antenna shown in Figure 9 , because a notch 39 is opened at the radiation port and a T-shaped radiation stub is loaded, Figure 42 The antenna shown has no efficiency pit. See the indication of the number "1" in Figure 43 . Figure 43 In Figure 42 , "loading T-shaped stub + notch" indicates the antenna shown in Figure 9 , "original cavity" indicates the cavity antenna without a notch opened at the radiation port shown in

[0194] Embodiment 3 and Embodiment 2 can be combined. That is, the resonant cavity antenna provided in Embodiment 2, which is loaded with a parasitic cavity and has a notch opened at the radiation port, can also be loaded with a radiation stub. For example, in the antennas shown in Figure 26 , Figure 29 , Figure 31 , a metal stub can extend from the metal wall on one side of the notch to the radiation port at the notch to improve the efficiency pit of the mode TE3,0.5.

[0195] Embodiment 4

[0196] In the cavity antennas described in the foregoing embodiments, the notch can specifically include two notches provided at the electric field zero points of the mode TE3,0.5 to improve the efficiency pit of the mode TE3,0.5.

[0197] The following takes some of the foregoing cavity antennas as examples to illustrate, and the same improvement can also be adopted for the foregoing cavity antennas not exemplified.

[0198] Figure 44 Exemplarily shows a cavity antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0199] As Figure 44 Shown, the foregoing Figure 11The notches in the cavity antenna described in the embodiments may include the following two notches: notch 41 and notch 43. These two notches communicate with the opening 16-1. Notch 41 and notch 43 may be specifically arranged at the two electric field zero points of the mode TE3,0.5. The electric field zero points of the mode TE3,0.5 are located at the positions of 0, 1 / 3, 2 / 3, and 3 / 3 on the side of the opening 16-1. Among them, the two positions of 0 and 3 / 3 are the two ends of the opening. The two positions of 1 / 3 and 2 / 3 are symmetric with respect to the middle electric field strong point. Arranging the two notches at these two positions can weaken the sub-wave cancellation of the mode TE3,0.5 to a greater extent.

[0200] As Figure 45 shown, the L-shaped cavity antenna can also have notches 41 and 43 respectively opened at the two electric field zero points of the mode TE3,0.5.

[0201] As Figure 46 shown, when the two notches are respectively arranged at the electric field zero points of the mode TE3,0.5, an electric field in the X direction can be introduced at the notches, weakening the equal-amplitude and anti-phase sub-wave cancellation of the mode TE3,0.5. Therefore, the efficiency pit of the mode TE3,0.5 can be improved, as can be Figure 47 shown. Moreover, as Figure 47 shown, the larger the notch (i.e., the larger c_w), the shallower the efficiency pit.

[0202] In this application, the rectangular cavity includes a square cavity. The wavelength in a certain wavelength mode of the antenna (such as the half-wavelength mode, quarter-wavelength mode, etc.) may refer to the wavelength of the signal radiated by the antenna. For example, the half-wavelength mode of the antenna can generate resonance in the 2.4 GHz frequency band, and the wavelength in the half-wavelength mode refers to the wavelength of the signal radiated by the antenna in the 2.4 GHz frequency band. It should be understood that the wavelength of the radiated signal in air can be calculated as follows: wavelength = speed of light / frequency, where the frequency is the frequency of the radiated signal. The wavelength of the radiated signal in a medium (also known as the medium wavelength) can be calculated as follows: where ε is the relative dielectric constant of the medium and the frequency is the frequency of the radiated signal.

[0203] The above is only the specific implementation manner of this application, but the protection scope of this application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application can easily think of changes or substitutions, which should all be covered within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be subject to the protection scope of the claimed rights.

Claims

1. An electronic device, the electronic device comprising a display screen, a frame, a rear cover and a dual-band cavity antenna, wherein there is no contact between the frame and the edge of the display screen, forming a screen black edge surrounding the edge of the display screen. Characterized in that, The dual-band cavity antenna is disposed on a side of the display screen facing the rear cover, the dual-band cavity antenna comprising a cavity and a feeding point disposed on the cavity; wherein, A first opening is disposed on a first surface of the cavity; The first surface faces the display screen, the first opening overlapping or partially overlapping a first projection area of the screen black edge on the first surface, and an extending direction of the first opening being the same as an extending direction of the first projection area; or, the first surface faces the frame and a distance between the first surface and the frame is less than a first distance value, the first opening overlapping or partially overlapping a second projection area of the frame on the first surface, and an extending direction of the first opening being the same as an extending direction of the second projection area; A first notch communicating with the first opening is further disposed on a cavity metal wall on one side of the first opening.

2. The electronic device according to claim 1, Characterized in that, The first opening is parallel to the first side of the first surface; the length of the first notch in the second direction is greater than or equal to 0.02 times the wavelength of mode TE 3,0.5 and less than or equal to 0.3 times the wavelength of mode TE 3,0.5 ; the second direction is perpendicular to the first side.

3. The electronic device according to claim 1 or 2, Characterized in that, The first opening is parallel to a first side edge of the first surface, and a length of the first opening is equal to a length of the first side edge; the first notch is disposed in the middle on one side of the first opening, a length of the first notch in a first direction being greater than or equal to 1 / 4 of the length of the first side edge and less than or equal to 3 / 4 of the length of the first side edge, the first direction being an extending direction of the first side edge.

4. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1-3, Characterized in that, A first metal stub is further disposed at the first notch, the first metal stub connecting a cavity metal wall on one side of the first notch and extending from the cavity metal wall on one side of the first notch towards the first opening, and the first metal stub not being connected to the feed.

5. The electronic device according to claim 4, Characterized in that, The first metal stub is specifically arranged at the electric field strong point of the TE mode of the dual-band cavity antenna 3,0.5 where the electric field is strong.

6. The electronic device according to claim 5, Characterized in that, The electric field strength points are located at 1 / 6, 1 / 2, and 5 / 6 positions of a side edge of the first opening.

7. The electronic device according to any one of claims 4-6, Characterized in that, The first metal stub is a T-shaped stub, the T-shaped stub comprising a horizontal stub portion and a vertical stub portion, one end of the vertical stub portion connecting a cavity metal wall on one side of the first notch and extending from the cavity metal wall on one side of the first notch towards the first opening, and the other end of the vertical stub portion connecting the horizontal stub portion.

8. The electronic device according to claim 7, Characterized in that, The length of the horizontal branch portion is greater than or equal to 0.02 times the wavelength of mode TE 3,0.5 and less than or equal to 0.3 times the wavelength of mode TE 3,0.5 to.

9. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1-8, Characterized in that, The first notch specifically includes two notches disposed at the electric field zero points of the mode TE 3,0.5 of the dual-frequency cavity antenna.

10. The electronic device according to claim 9, Characterized in that, The electric field zero points are located at 0, 1 / 3, 2 / 3, and 1 positions of a side edge of the first opening.

11. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1-10, Characterized in that, The dual-band cavity antenna further includes: a parasitic cavity, and the parasitic cavity is communicated with the cavity.

12. The electronic device according to claim 11, wherein, the parasitic cavity and the cavity are specifically communicated on a third surface of the cavity, the third surface and the first surface share a first side edge, and the first side edge is the side edge on the first surface parallel to the first opening.

13. The electronic device according to claim 11 or 12, wherein, the parasitic cavity further adds a metal wall portion, and the metal wall portion is connected to the parasitic cavity metal wall on one side of the first opening and extends from the parasitic cavity metal wall on one side of the first opening towards the first opening.

14. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1-13, wherein, the first opening includes a plurality of parallel openings.

15. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1-14, wherein, the frame is non-metallic, the first surface is specifically the surface facing the frame, the frame includes a first frame and a second frame that are perpendicular to each other and connected, and the surface facing the frame includes: a first side surface facing the first frame and a second side surface facing the second frame; the second projection area of the frame on the first surface specifically includes: the projection area of the first frame on the first side surface and the projection area of the second frame on the second side surface; the first notch is specifically opened at the connection of the first frame and the second frame.

16. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1-15, wherein, the frame and the rear cover are metallic, and the first surface is specifically the surface facing the display screen.

17. The electronic device according to claim 16, wherein, the cavity is an L-shaped cavity, including a vertical cavity portion and a horizontal cavity portion that are perpendicular to each other, the vertical cavity portion points to the black edge of the screen, and the horizontal cavity portion is parallel to the display screen; the first surface is specifically the surface of the vertical cavity portion facing the black edge of the screen.

18. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1-17, wherein, the operating frequency bands of the dual-band cavity antenna include a first frequency band and a second frequency band, and the first frequency band is less than the second frequency band.

19. The electronic device according to claim 18, wherein, the first frequency band includes the wireless high-fidelity Wi-Fi 2.4 GHz frequency band, and the second frequency band includes the Wi-Fi 5 GHz frequency band.

20. An electronic device, wherein, the electronic device includes a display screen, a frame, a rear cover and a dual-band cavity antenna, the frame is not in contact with the edge of the display screen to form a screen black edge surrounding the edge of the display screen, and the dual-band cavity antenna is the dual-band cavity antenna according to any one of claims 1-19.

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