An underwater sampling device for ecological restoration of water conservancy projects

Abstract

The present invention discloses an underwater sampling device for ecological restoration of water conservancy projects, and relates to the technical field of marine sampling. An underwater sampling device for ecological restoration of water conservancy projects comprises a frame, the frame is fixedly connected with a first protective shell, the frame is slidably connected with a second protective shell, the first protective shell is fixedly connected with a mirror-image fixed sleeve, the mirror-image fixed sleeves are rotatably connected with a second pulley, the second pulley is threadedly connected with a threaded rod, the end of the threaded rod away from the spline rod is fixedly connected with a sampling shell, and the sampling shell is rotatably connected with a soil-breaking shell. The present invention reduces the resistance of the sampling shell during the sampling process by moving downward with the sampling shell in cooperation with the soil-breaking shell and sampling, thereby reducing the reaction force of the sampling shell on the bottom mud sample inside it, preventing the original soil layer structure of the bottom mud sample from being destroyed due to excessive reaction force, and ensuring the quality of the bottom mud sample inside the sampling shell.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ocean sampling, and in particular to an underwater sampling device for ecological restoration of water conservancy projects. Background Art

[0002] Ecological restoration of water conservancy projects usually requires management and monitoring of water quality and sediments. Sediment sample collection can be used to monitor benthic organisms, chemical composition and pollutants to evaluate the status and changes of the ecosystem. In the process of sediment sampling, the existing technology usually embeds the sampling tube into the sediment for sampling by vibration or direct pressure. In the vibration sampling method, the vibration will be transmitted to the sediment sample, thereby causing the horizontal soil structure to be destroyed due to vibration, resulting in insufficient reference or even loss of reference of the sample. In the downward pressure method, the inner and outer sides of the sampling tube will be simultaneously subjected to the pressure and friction of the sediment, and as the sampling tube goes deeper, its resistance will gradually increase, so the reaction force of the sampling tube on the sediment sample will increase simultaneously, and the larger reaction force will cause damage to the vertical structure of the original soil layer of the sediment sample, thereby causing deviations in the sampling results, which also causes insufficient reference or even loss of reference of the sample. Summary of the invention

[0003] The invention provides a closable underwater sampling device for marine ranch ecological restoration, aiming to solve the problem that the existing sampling technology is easy to destroy the original soil layer structure of the bottom mud sample.

[0004] The technical implementation scheme of the present invention is: an underwater sampling device for ecological restoration of water conservancy projects, comprising a frame, the frame is fixedly connected to a first protective shell, the frame is slidably connected to a second protective shell, the first protective shell is located above the second protective shell, the frame is provided with a power box, the first protective shell is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft, the part of the rotating shaft located in the first protective shell is fixedly connected to a first pulley, the first protective shell is fixedly connected to a mirror-distributed fixed sleeve, the mirror-distributed fixed sleeves are rotatably connected to the second pulley, the first pulley and the second pulley are driven by a belt, the second pulley is threadedly connected to a threaded rod, the fixed sleeve is slidably connected to the threaded rod, a spline rod is fixedly connected to a side of the frame close to the power box through a mounting frame, the spline rod is spline-connected to the threaded rod, and the spline rod is located in the threaded rod, a sampling shell is fixedly connected to one end of the threaded rod away from the spline rod, the sampling shell is rotatably connected to a soil-breaking shell, a spiral blade is provided on the outer periphery of the soil-breaking shell, and the threaded rod is provided with a transmission mechanism.

[0005] More preferably, the length of the thread on the threaded rod is equal to the length of the spline rod and is greater than the farthest distance between the sampling shell and the bottom of the frame in the vertical direction, so as to ensure the sampling depth of the sampling shell.

[0006] More preferably, the transmission mechanism includes a fixed plate, the fixed plate is fixed to the side of the threaded rod close to the sampling shell, the fixed plate is rotatably connected to a transmission sleeve, the transmission sleeve is spline-connected to the rotating shaft, the end of the transmission sleeve away from the rotating shaft is fixed with a transmission gear, and the side of the earth-breaking shell close to the transmission sleeve is fixed with a gear ring, and the gear ring is meshed with the transmission gear.

[0007] More preferably, a blocking mechanism is further included, the blocking mechanism is arranged on the sampling shell, the blocking mechanism includes a limiting plate, the limiting plate is slidably connected to one end of the threaded rod close to the sampling shell, a spline ring is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the limiting plate, a fixing ring is fixedly connected to the threaded rod, a spring is arranged between the fixing ring and the limiting plate, an arc-shaped sliding groove distributed in an annular array is arranged on the limiting plate, a side of the sampling shell close to the limiting plate is provided with a straight sliding groove distributed in an annular array, and an arc-shaped sliding groove distributed in an annular array on the limiting plate The shaped slide grooves are all slidably connected with sliding rods, the sliding rods are slidably connected with the adjacent straight slide grooves on the sampling shell, the sampling shell is fixedly connected with sealing plates distributed in an annular array through a mounting rod, the sealing plates are made of elastic material, the end of the sliding rod away from the limit plate is fixedly connected to the adjacent sealing plate, the inner periphery of the gear ring is fixedly connected with a limit ring, the limit ring cooperates with the spline ring, all parts of the sealing mechanism are located in the first protective shell, and the limit plate is provided with a trigger assembly for stretching the sealing plates distributed in an annular array.

[0008] More preferably, the trigger assembly includes a fixed shell, which is fixedly connected to a side of the first protective shell close to the second protective shell, the first protective shell is slidably connected to a limiting frame, the limiting frame is slidably connected to the second protective shell, the limiting frame is limited and slidably matched with the fixed shell, a sliding frame is fixedly connected to a side of the fixed ring close to the limiting plate, a side of the sliding frame away from the fixed ring is slidably connected to a limiting block, a tension spring is arranged between the sliding frame and the limiting block, a side of the limiting block close to the limiting plate is provided with an inclined surface, a side of the limiting frame away from the first protective shell is limited and matched with the inclined surface of the limiting block, and the limiting block is slidably connected to the limiting plate.

[0009] More preferably, the maximum distance between the top of the limiting frame and the fixed shell is equal to the maximum distance between the sampling shell and the bottom of the frame in the vertical direction, so as to ensure smooth sampling process.

[0010] More preferably, the length of the inclined surface of the limiting block in the horizontal direction is greater than the sliding distance of the limiting block in the limiting plate, so as to ensure the limiting state of the limiting block and the limiting plate.

[0011] More preferably, a fixing mechanism is further included, which is arranged on the first protective shell, and the fixing mechanism includes rotating rods distributed in an annular array, and the rotating rods distributed in the annular array are all slidably connected to the first protective shell, and the parts of the rotating rods located in the first protective shell are splined with a third transmission wheel, the third transmission wheel on one side is transmitted to the rotating shaft through a pulley and a belt, and the adjacent third transmission wheels are transmitted by a belt, and the third transmission wheel is rotatably connected to the first protective shell through a mounting ring, a drill bit is fixed to one end of the rotating rod away from the first protective shell, the frame is provided with a disengagement assembly, and the rotating rod is provided with a locking assembly.

[0012] More preferably, the disengagement assembly includes a sliding plate, which is slidably connected to a side of the threaded rod away from the sampling shell, an elastic member is provided between the sliding plate and the frame, the frame is fixedly connected to a first fixing rod, the sliding plate is fixedly connected to a fixing frame distributed in a ring array, the first fixing rod is slidably connected to an adjacent fixing frame, the end of the rotating rod away from the sampling shell is rotatably connected to a limiting ring, and the fixing frame cooperates with the adjacent limiting ring.

[0013] More preferably, the locking assembly includes second fixing rods distributed in a circular array, the second fixing rods distributed in the circular array are all fixedly connected to the frame, the second fixing rods are fixedly connected to a limiting sleeve on a side close to an adjacent drill bit, the rotating rod is rotatably connected to a fastening plate distributed in a circular array on a side close to an adjacent drill bit, the fastening plates distributed in the circular array are all limitedly matched with adjacent limiting sleeves, a spring is provided between the fastening plate and the adjacent rotating rod, and a guide rod distributed in a circular array is fixedly connected to one side of the rotating rod close to the fastening plate distributed in the circular array, and the guide rod is in contact with the adjacent fastening plate.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: the present invention reduces the resistance encountered by the sampling shell during the sampling process by cooperating with the soil-breaking shell to move downward and perform sampling, thereby reducing the reaction force of the sampling shell on the bottom mud sample inside it, preventing the original soil layer structure of the bottom mud sample from being destroyed due to excessive reaction force, and ensuring the quality of the bottom mud sample inside the sampling shell; the bottom surface of the sampling shell is sealed by the cooperation of the sealing plates distributed in a circular array, eliminating the influence of impurities and components in the water on the bottom mud sample during the sampling and retrieval process, thereby improving the accuracy of the bottom mud sample; the cooperation of the fastening plates distributed in a circular array allows the rotating rod to be better anchored on the bottom mud when fixed, thereby preventing impurities from being difficult to fix due to the slippery bottom mud, and providing a stable working environment for the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the matching relationship between the power box and the rotating shaft of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the matching relationship between the second pulley and the threaded rod of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the blocking mechanism of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the matching relationship between the fixed shell and the limiting frame of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the trigger assembly of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the matching relationship between the limiting frame and the limiting block of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the fixing mechanism of the present invention;

[0023] Fig. 9 It is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the locking assembly of the present invention;

[0024] Fig.10 It is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view showing the positional relationship between the rotating rod and the fastening plate of the present invention.

[0025] Among them, the drawings include the following reference numerals: 1, frame, 2, first protective shell, 3, second protective shell, 4, power box, 5, rotating shaft, 6, first pulley, 7, fixed sleeve, 8, second pulley, 9, threaded rod, 10, spline rod, 11, sampling shell, 12, earth-breaking shell, 13, transmission mechanism, 1301, fixed plate, 1302, transmission sleeve, 1303, transmission gear, 1304, gear ring, 141, blocking mechanism, 1401, limit plate, 1402, spline ring, 1403, fixed ring, 1404, sliding rod, 1405, Sealing plate, 1406, limiting ring, 142, trigger assembly, 1407, fixed shell, 1408, limiting frame, 1409, sliding frame, 1410, limiting block, 151, fixing mechanism, 1501, rotating rod, 1502, third transmission wheel, 1503, drill bit, 152, disengagement assembly, 1504, sliding disk, 1505, first fixed rod, 1506, fixed frame, 1507, limiting ring, 153, locking assembly, 1508, second fixed rod, 1509, limiting sleeve, 1510, fastening plate, 1511, guide rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] First of all, it should be pointed out that in the different described embodiments, the same parts are provided with the same reference numerals or the same component names, wherein the disclosure contained in the entire description can be transferred to the same parts with the same reference numerals or the same component names. Selected positional descriptions in the description, such as top, bottom, lateral, etc., also refer to the directly described and shown figures and are transferred to the new positions in the case of a change in position.

[0027] Example 1: An underwater sampling device for water conservancy project ecological restoration, please refer to Figure 1-Figure 3 , including a frame 1, the frame 1 is fixedly connected with a first protective shell 2, the frame 1 is slidably connected with a second protective shell 3, the first protective shell 2 is located above the second protective shell 3, the first protective shell 2 and the second protective shell 3 are both used to isolate water and protect the internal parts, the frame 1 is provided with a power box 4, the power box 4 is a prior art, and is used to provide power for the device, and no further details are given here, the first protective shell 2 is rotatably connected with a rotating shaft 5, the rotating shaft 5 is fixedly connected with a first pulley 6, the first pulley 6 is located inside the first protective shell 2, the first protective shell 2 is fixedly connected with two fixed sleeves 7 distributed in upper and lower mirror images, the two fixed sleeves 7 are both used to protect the internal parts, a second pulley 8 is rotatably connected between the two fixed sleeves 7, and the first pulley 6 is connected to the second pulley 8 through a belt Transmission, the second pulley 8 is threadedly connected with a threaded rod 9, and the threaded rod 9 is used to transmit power for sampling work. The threaded rod 9 is located in two fixed sleeves 7, and the two fixed sleeves 7 are slidably connected to the threaded rod 9. A spline rod 10 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the frame 1 through a mounting frame, and the spline rod 10 is connected to the internal spline of the threaded rod 9. The lower end of the threaded rod 9 is fixedly connected with a sampling shell 11 for temporarily storing sediment samples. The length of the thread on the threaded rod 9 is equal to the length of the spline rod 10 and is greater than the farthest distance between the sampling shell 11 and the bottom of the frame 1 in the vertical direction, which is used to ensure the sampling depth of the sampling shell 11. The sampling shell 11 is rotatably connected to a soil-breaking shell 12 with a spiral blade on the outer periphery, and the threaded rod 9 is provided with a transmission mechanism 13 for driving the soil-breaking shell 12 to rotate.

[0028] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 The transmission mechanism 13 includes a fixed plate 1301, which is fixedly connected to the lower side of the threaded rod 9. The right side of the fixed plate 1301 is rotatably connected to a transmission sleeve 1302. The interior of the transmission sleeve 1302 is spline-connected to the rotating shaft 5. The lower end of the transmission sleeve 1302 is fixedly connected to a transmission gear 1303. The upper side of the earth-breaking shell 12 is fixedly connected to a gear ring 1304 that meshes with the transmission gear 1303.

[0029] When it is necessary to sample the bottom mud of the marine ranch, the user loads the device onto the ship and controls the carrier ship to carry the device to the sampling position. Then the user ties a cable to the top of the device and gradually lowers the device to the seabed until the bottom of the frame 1 contacts the seabed. The user fixes the device. After fixation, the sampling preparation is completed.

[0030] After the sampling preparation work is completed, the user controls the rotation of the rotating shaft 5 through the power box 4, and the rotating shaft 5 drives the second pulley 8 to rotate through the first pulley 6 and the belt, and the second pulley 8 drives the threaded rod 9 to move downward, and the threaded rod 9 drives the sampling shell 11 and the earth-breaking shell 12 to move downward, and the rotating shaft 5 drives the transmission sleeve 1302 to rotate, and the transmission sleeve 1302 drives the transmission gear 1303 to rotate, and the transmission gear 1303 is meshed with the gear ring 1304 and drives the earth-breaking shell 12 to rotate. As the sampling shell 11 and the earth-breaking shell 12 continue to move downward, the sampling shell 11 first contacts the bottom mud surface, and the sampling shell 11 moves downward and embeds into the bottom mud. As the sampling shell 11 and the earth-breaking shell 12 continue to move downward, the earth-breaking shell 12 then contacts the bottom mud surface, and the earth-breaking shell 12 drives its external spiral drill to rotate and drives the sampling shell 11 to move downward until the sampling shell 11 moves downward to the limit distance.

[0031] In the process of the sampling shell 11 moving downward to take samples, the soil-breaking shell 12 eliminates the pressure and friction brought by the soil to the outside of the sampling shell 11, thereby reducing the resistance of the sampling shell 11 when moving downward, and the reaction force on the bottom mud sample inside the sampling shell 11 is simultaneously reduced. The soil-breaking shell 12 cooperates with the sampling shell 11 to move downward and take samples, which reduces the resistance encountered by the sampling shell 11 during the sampling process, thereby reducing the reaction force of the sampling shell 11 on the bottom mud sample inside it, preventing the original soil layer structure of the bottom mud sample from being destroyed due to excessive reaction force, and ensuring the quality of the bottom mud sample inside the sampling shell 11.

[0032] After the sampling shell 11 moves downward to the limit distance, the user releases the fixation of the frame 1, and then the user drives the device and the bottom mud sample upward through the cable until the user pulls the device back to the ship through the cable. The user takes out the bottom mud sample in the sampling shell 11, and the sampling work is completed at this time.

[0033] Example 2: Based on Example 1, please refer to Figure 3-Figure 5, also includes a blocking mechanism 141 for blocking the bottom surface of the sampling shell 11, the blocking mechanism 141 is arranged on the sampling shell 11, the blocking mechanism 141 includes a limiting plate 1401, the limiting plate 1401 is slidably connected to the lower end of the threaded rod 9, the outer periphery of the limiting plate 1401 is fixedly connected with a spline ring 1402, the lower end of the threaded rod 9 is fixedly connected with a fixing ring 1403, a spring is arranged between the fixing ring 1403 and the limiting plate 1401, and the initial state of the spring between the two is a compressed state, the limiting plate 1401 is provided with an arcuate sliding groove distributed in an annular array, and a side of the sampling shell 11 close to the limiting plate 1401 is provided with a straight sliding groove distributed in an annular array, the arcuate sliding grooves distributed in an annular array on the limiting plate 1401 are all slidably connected with sliding rods 1404 slidably connected to the adjacent straight sliding grooves on the sampling shell 11, and the sliding rods 140 4 is provided with an elastic material between the adjacent straight slide grooves for sealing the upper side of the sampling shell 11. The inner side of the sampling shell 11 is fixedly connected with a sealing plate 1405 distributed in an annular array through a mounting rod. The flat cross-section of the sealing plate 1405 consists of a triangle and a rectangle. The sealing plate 1405 is made of elastic material and is used to seal the lower side of the sampling shell 11. The lower end of the sliding rod 1404 is fixedly connected to the adjacent sealing plate 1405. The inner periphery of the gear ring 1304 is fixedly connected with a limiting ring 1406 that cooperates with the spline ring 1402. When the spline ring 1402 moves downward, the spline ring 1402 and the limiting ring 1406 are interlocked. All parts of the sealing mechanism 141 are located in the first protective shell 2. The limiting plate 1401 is provided with a trigger assembly 142 for triggering the sealing mechanism 141 distributed in an annular array.

[0034] See also Figure 2 and Figure 4-Figure 7The trigger assembly 142 includes a fixed shell 1407, which is fixedly connected to the lower side of the first protective shell 2. The first protective shell 2 is slidably connected to a limiting frame 1408. A rightward protrusion is provided on the upper side of the limiting frame 1408. The limiting frame 1408 and the fixed shell 1407 are limited and slidably matched. When the protrusion on the upper side of the limiting frame 1408 moves downward to the lower side of the fixed shell 1407, the fixed shell 1407 forms a limit on the limiting frame 1408. A sliding frame 1409 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the fixed ring 1403. The lower side of the sliding frame 1409 is slidably connected to a limiting block 1410, and a tension spring is provided between the two. The lower side of the limiting block 1410 is provided with The inclined surface, the lower side of the limit frame 1408 and the lower inclined surface of the limit block 1410 are limited in cooperation. When the limit frame 1408 moves upward, the limit frame 1408 squeezes the limit block 1410 to move to the left. The limit block 1410 is slidably connected to the limit plate 1401. The maximum distance between the top protrusion of the limit frame 1408 and the fixed shell 1407 is equal to the maximum distance between the sampling shell 11 and the bottom of the frame 1 in the vertical direction, which is used to ensure the smooth progress of the sampling process. The length of the inclined surface of the limit block 1410 in the horizontal direction is greater than the sliding distance of the limit block 1410 in the limit plate 1401, which is used to ensure the limiting state of the limit block 1410 and the limit plate 1401.

[0035] In the process of the sampling shell 11 moving downward for sampling, the threaded rod 9 drives the fixing ring 1403 to move downward, and the fixing ring 1403 drives the limiting plate 1401 to move downward through the sliding frame 1409 and the limiting block 1410, and the limiting block 1410 drives the limiting frame 1408 to move downward until the sampling shell 11 is about to move downward to the limit position (that is, the bottom mud contacts the inner upper side of the sampling shell 11). At this time, the upper side of the limiting frame 1408 slides to the lower side of the fixed shell 1407 and is limited by the fixed shell 1407. As the sampling shell 11 continues to move downward, the lower side of the limiting frame 1408 is squeezed with the lower inclined surface of the limiting block 1410, and the limiting frame 1408 drives the limiting block 1410 to move to the left, while squeezing the spring between the limiting block 1410 and the sliding frame 1409 until the limiting block 1410 moves to the left. The limit plate 1401 is moved out, and the spring between the fixing ring 1403 and the limit plate 1401 drives the limit plate 1401 and the spline ring 1402 to move downward and make the spline ring 1402 fit with the limit ring 1406. The gear ring 1304 drives the spline ring 1402 to rotate through the limit ring 1406, and the spline ring 1402 drives the limit plate 1401 to rotate. The sliding rod 1404 distributed in the annular array is limited by the arc-shaped slide groove on the adjacent limit plate 1401 and moves toward the center of the limit plate 1401. The limit plate 1401 drives the adjacent blocking plate 1405 to move toward the center of the bottom cross section of the sampling shell 11. The bottom surface of the sampling shell 11 is blocked by the blocking plate 1405 distributed in the annular array, thereby eliminating the influence of impurities and components in the water on the sediment sample during the collection process, thereby improving the accuracy of the sediment sample.

[0036] As the sliding rod 1404 continues to move toward the center of the limiting plate 1401, until the sliding rod 1404 moves to the end of the adjacent arc-shaped slot on the adjacent limiting plate 1401, the sealing plates 1405 distributed in the annular array contact each other and seal the lower bottom surface of the sampling shell 11, the user releases the fixation of the frame 1, and then the user drives the device and the bottom mud sample upward through the cable until the user pulls the device back to the ship through the cable, and the user controls the rotating shaft 5 to rotate in the opposite direction through the power box 4, and the rotating shaft 5 is driven by the transmission sleeve 1302 and the transmission gear 1303, the gear ring 1304, the limit ring 1406 and the spline ring 1402 drive the limit plate 1401 to rotate in the opposite direction, and the limit grooves distributed in a circular array on the limit plate 1401 drive the adjacent sliding rods 1404 to move away from the limit plate 1401 and reset, and the limit plate 1401 drives the adjacent blocking plate 1405 to reset. At this time, the blocking plate 1405 loses its blockage on the lower bottom surface of the sampling shell 11, and then the user controls the rotating shaft 5 to stop rotating through the power box 4, and takes out the bottom mud sample in the sampling shell 11, and the sampling work is completed at this time.

[0037] After the sampling work is completed, the user cleans the sampling shell 11 and resets the remaining parts. At this time, the work of the device is completed.

[0038] Example 3: Based on Example 2, please refer to Figure 8 and Fig. 9 , also includes a fixing mechanism 151 for fixing the frame 1, the fixing mechanism 151 is arranged on the first protective shell 2, the fixing mechanism 151 includes rotating rods 1501 distributed in a circular array, the upper parts of the rotating rods 1501 distributed in the circular array are all provided with splines, the rotating rods 1501 distributed in the circular array are all slidably connected to the first protective shell 2, the rotating rods 1501 are spline-connected with the third transmission wheel 1502, the third transmission wheel 1502 is located in the first protective shell 2, the third transmission wheel 1502 on the right rear side is driven by the rotating shaft 5 through a pulley and a belt, the third transmission wheel 1502 on the left side is driven by the two third transmission wheels 1502 on the right side through a belt, the third transmission wheel 1502 is rotatably connected to the first protective shell 2 through a mounting ring, the lower end of the rotating rod 1501 is fixedly connected with a drill bit 1503 for drilling into the bottom mud, the frame 1 is provided with a disengagement component 152, and the rotating rod 1501 is provided with a locking component 153 for strengthening the fastening effect.

[0039] See also Figure 2 and Figure 8The disengagement assembly 152 includes a sliding plate 1504, which is slidably connected to the upper side of the threaded rod 9. An elastic member is arranged between the sliding plate 1504 and the frame 1, and the elastic member is a torsion spring, and the elastic member has a torsional force in the initial state. The frame 1 is fixedly connected to a first fixed rod 1505, and a fixing frame 1506 distributed in a ring array is fixedly connected to the lower side of the sliding plate 1504. The first fixed rod 1505 is slidably connected to the adjacent fixing frame 1506. The upper end of the rotating rod 1501 is rotatably connected to a limiting ring 1507, and the fixing frame 1506 cooperates with the adjacent limiting ring 1507. When the fixing frame 1506 moves downward, the fixing frame 1506 contacts and squeezes the adjacent limiting ring 1507, thereby driving the adjacent limiting ring 1507 and the adjacent rotating rod 1501 to move downward.

[0040] See also Figure 8-Figure 10 The locking assembly 153 includes a second fixed rod 1508 distributed in a circular array, and the second fixed rods 1508 distributed in a circular array are all fixedly connected to the frame 1. The lower side of the second fixed rod 1508 is fixedly connected to a limiting sleeve 1509. The lower side of the rotating rod 1501 is rotatably connected to three fastening plates 1510 distributed in a circular array. The fastening plates 1510 distributed in a circular array are all limitedly matched with adjacent limiting sleeves 1509. A spring is arranged between the fastening plate 1510 and the adjacent rotating rod 1501, and the initial state of the spring between the two is a compressed state. The lower side of the rotating rod 1501 is fixedly connected to a guide rod 1511 distributed in a circular array, and the guide rod 1511 is in contact with the adjacent fastening plate 1510.

[0041] After the frame 1 moves downward and contacts the bottom mud, the user controls the rotation shaft 5 to rotate through the power box 4, and the rotation shaft 5 drives the third transmission wheel 1502 on the right rear side to rotate through the pulley and the belt, and the third transmission wheel 1502 on the right rear side drives the third transmission wheel 1502 on the left side to rotate through the belt, and the third transmission wheel 1502 on the left side drives the third transmission wheel 1502 on the right front side to rotate through the belt, and the three third transmission wheels 1502 respectively drive the adjacent rotating rods 1501 to rotate, and the rotating rods 1501 drive the adjacent drill bits 1503 to rotate, and the threaded rod 9 drives the sliding disk 1504 to move downward and stretch the elastic member between the sliding disk 1504 and the frame 1, and the sliding disk 1504 drives the three fixed frames 1506 to move downward synchronously, and the fixed frames 1506 drive the adjacent limiting rings 1507 The adjacent rotating rods 1501 and the third transmission wheel 1502 move downward until the sliding plate 1504 moves downward to the lower side of the first fixed rod 1505. At this time, the sliding plate 1504 and the first fixed rod 1505 lose their limit, and the sliding plate 1504 stops moving downward. The elastic member between the frame 1 and the sliding plate 1504 drives the sliding plate 1504 and the three fixed frames 1506 to rotate at the same time, so that the three fixed frames 1506 all lose their coordination with the adjacent limiting rings 1507, and the three rotating rods 1501 stop moving downward. In the above process, the rotating rod 1501 and the drill bit 1503 move downward and contact the bottom mud until the three fixed frames 1506 all lose their coordination with the adjacent limiting rings 1507. At this time, the rotating rod 1501 and the drill bit 1503 have all moved downward and embedded in the bottom mud.

[0042] During the downward movement of the rotating rod 1501, the rotating rod 1501 drives the three fastening plates 1510 distributed in the adjacent circular array to move downward until the three fastening plates 1510 move downward out of the limiting sleeve 1509. The spring between the fastening plate 1510 and the rotating rod 1501 is guided by the guide rod 1511 to drive the fastening plate 1510 to swing outward. At this time, the rotating rod 1501 has been embedded in the bottom mud and is still rotating until the fastening plate 1510 is completely swung out, the spline of the rotating rod 1501 loses the spline cooperation with the third transmission wheel 1502, and the rotating rod 1501 stops moving. At this time, the device is fixed. Through the cooperation of the fastening plates 1510 distributed in the circular array, the rotating rod 1501 can be better anchored on the bottom mud when fixed, thereby preventing impurities from being difficult to fix due to the slippery bottom mud, providing a stable working environment for the device.

[0043] After the sampling is completed, the user drives the device and the bottom mud sample upwards by the cable until the user pulls the device back to the ship by the cable, and the user takes out the bottom mud sample in the sampling shell 11, and the sampling work is completed at this time.

[0044] The above is a detailed introduction to the present application. Specific examples are used in this article to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present application and its core idea. At the same time, for general technical personnel in this field, according to the idea of ​​the present application, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

Claims

1. An underwater sampling device for ecological restoration of water conservancy projects, characterized in that: The machine comprises a frame (1), the frame (1) being fixedly connected to a first protective shell (2), the frame (1) being slidably connected to a second protective shell (3), the first protective shell (2) being located above the second protective shell (3), the frame (1) being provided with a power box (4), the first protective shell (2) being rotatably connected to a rotating shaft (5), the portion of the rotating shaft (5) located inside the first protective shell (2) being fixedly connected to a first pulley (6), the first protective shell (2) being fixedly connected to fixed sleeves (7) distributed in a mirror image, a second pulley (8) being rotatably connected between the fixed sleeves (7) distributed in a mirror image, and a communication channel between the first pulley (6) and the second pulley (8) The second pulley (8) is threadedly connected to a threaded rod (9), the fixed sleeve (7) is slidably connected to the threaded rod (9), a spline rod (10) is fixedly connected to the side of the frame (1) close to the power box (4) through a mounting frame, the spline rod (10) is spline-connected to the threaded rod (9), and the spline rod (10) is located inside the threaded rod (9), a sampling shell (11) is fixedly connected to one end of the threaded rod (9) away from the spline rod (10), the sampling shell (11) is rotatably connected to a soil breaking shell (12), a spiral blade is provided on the outer periphery of the soil breaking shell (12), and the threaded rod (9) is provided with a transmission mechanism (13); The transmission mechanism (13) comprises a fixed plate (1301), the fixed plate (1301) being fixedly connected to a side of the threaded rod (9) close to the sampling shell (11), the fixed plate (1301) being rotatably connected to a transmission sleeve (1302), the transmission sleeve (1302) being spline-connected to the rotating shaft (5), the end of the transmission sleeve (1302) away from the rotating shaft (5) being fixedly connected to a transmission gear (1303), the side of the soil-breaking shell (12) close to the transmission sleeve (1302) being fixedly connected to a gear ring (1304), the gear ring (1304) being meshed with the transmission gear (1303); The device also comprises a blocking mechanism (141), the blocking mechanism (141) being arranged on the sampling shell (11), the blocking mechanism (141) comprising a limiting plate (1401), the limiting plate (1401) being slidably connected to one end of the threaded rod (9) close to the sampling shell (11), a spline ring (1402) being fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the limiting plate (1401), the threaded rod (9) being fixedly connected to a fixing ring (1403), the fixing ring (1403) A spring is arranged between the limiting plate (1401), the limiting plate (1401) is provided with arc-shaped sliding grooves distributed in a circular array, and a side of the sampling shell (11) close to the limiting plate (1401) is provided with straight sliding grooves distributed in a circular array, and sliding rods (1404) are slidably connected in the arc-shaped sliding grooves distributed in a circular array on the limiting plate (1401), and the sliding rods (1404) are slidably connected to the adjacent straight sliding grooves on the sampling shell (11), and the sampling shell (11) is provided with a plurality of straight sliding grooves distributed in a circular array. The shell (11) is fixedly connected with sealing plates (1405) distributed in an annular array through a mounting rod, and the sealing plates (1405) are made of elastic material. One end of the sliding rod (1404) away from the limiting plate (1401) is fixedly connected to the adjacent sealing plate (1405), and the sliding rods (1404) distributed in an annular array respectively drive the adjacent sealing plates (1405) to move toward the center of the bottom cross section of the sampling shell (11), so that the sliding rods (1404) distributed in the annular array are fixedly connected to the adjacent sealing plates (1405). The blocking plates (1405) are in contact with each other and block the lower end of the sampling shell (11); the inner circumference of the gear ring (1304) is fixedly connected to a limiting ring (1406); the limiting ring (1406) cooperates with the spline ring (1402); all parts of the blocking mechanism (141) are located in the first protective shell (2); and a triggering assembly (142) for stretching the blocking plates (1405) distributed in an annular array is provided on the limiting plate (1401); The trigger assembly (142) comprises a fixed shell (1407), the fixed shell (1407) being fixedly connected to a side of the first protective shell (2) close to the second protective shell (3), the first protective shell (2) being slidably connected to a limiting frame (1408), the limiting frame (1408) being slidably connected to the second protective shell (3), the limiting frame (1408) and the fixed shell (1407) being limitedly slidably matched, and the sliding frame (1408) being fixedly connected to a side of the fixed ring (1403) close to the limiting plate (1401). 09), the side of the sliding frame (1409) away from the fixing ring (1403) is slidably connected to the limiting block (1410), a tension spring is provided between the sliding frame (1409) and the limiting block (1410), a side of the limiting block (1410) close to the limiting plate (1401) is provided with an inclined surface, the side of the limiting frame (1408) away from the first protective shell (2) is limitedly matched with the inclined surface of the limiting block (1410), and the limiting block (1410) is slidably connected to the limiting plate (1401).

2. The underwater sampling device for water conservancy project ecological restoration according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The length of the thread on the threaded rod (9) is equal to the length of the spline rod (10) and is greater than the maximum distance between the sampling shell (11) and the bottom of the frame (1) in the vertical direction, so as to ensure the sampling depth of the sampling shell (11).

3. The underwater sampling device for water conservancy project ecological restoration according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The maximum distance between the top of the limiting frame (1408) and the fixed shell (1407) is equal to the maximum distance between the sampling shell (11) and the bottom of the frame (1) in the vertical direction, so as to ensure that the sampling process proceeds smoothly.

4. The underwater sampling device for water conservancy project ecological restoration according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The length of the inclined surface of the limit block (1410) in the horizontal direction is greater than the sliding distance of the limit block (1410) in the limit plate (1401), so as to ensure the limit state of the limit block (1410) and the limit plate (1401).

5. The underwater sampling device for water conservancy project ecological restoration according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The machine also comprises a fixing mechanism (151), the fixing mechanism (151) being arranged on the first protective shell (2), the fixing mechanism (151) comprising rotating rods (1501) distributed in an annular array, the rotating rods (1501) distributed in an annular array being all slidably connected to the first protective shell (2), the portion of the rotating rod (1501) located inside the first protective shell (2) being spline-connected to a third transmission wheel (1502), the third transmission wheel (1502) on one side being driven by the rotating shaft (5) via a pulley and a belt, the adjacent third transmission wheels (1502) being driven by a belt, the third transmission wheel (1502) being rotatably connected to the first protective shell (2) via a mounting ring, the end of the rotating rod (1501) away from the first protective shell (2) being fixedly connected to a drill bit (1503), the frame (1) being provided with a disengagement assembly (152), and the rotating rod (1501) being provided with a locking assembly (153) for assisting the rotating rod (1501) in rotating the anchor; The disengagement assembly (152) comprises a sliding plate (1504), wherein the sliding plate (1504) is slidably connected to a side of the threaded rod (9) away from the sampling shell (11), an elastic member is arranged between the sliding plate (1504) and the frame (1), the frame (1) is fixedly connected to a first fixing rod (1505), the sliding plate (1504) is fixedly connected to fixing frames (1506) distributed in a ring array, the first fixing rod (1505) is slidably connected to an adjacent fixing frame (1506), and one end of the rotating rod (1501) away from the sampling shell (11) is rotatably connected to a limiting ring (1507), and the fixing frame (1506) cooperates with an adjacent limiting ring (1507).

6. The underwater sampling device for water conservancy project ecological restoration according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The locking assembly (153) comprises second fixing rods (1508) distributed in an annular array, the second fixing rods (1508) distributed in an annular array are all fixedly connected to the frame (1), a side of the second fixing rod (1508) close to the adjacent drill bit (1503) is fixedly connected to a limiting sleeve (1509), and a side of the rotating rod (1501) close to the adjacent drill bit (1503) is rotatably connected to a fastening plate (1510) distributed in an annular array. The fastening plates (1510) are all limitedly matched with the adjacent limiting sleeves (1509), a spring is provided between the fastening plates (1510) and the adjacent rotating rods (1501), the initial state of the spring between the two is a compressed state, and a guide rod (1511) distributed in a circular array is fixedly connected to one side of the rotating rod (1501) close to the fastening plates (1510) distributed in a circular array, and the guide rod (1511) is in contact with the adjacent fastening plates (1510).

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