Tailstock hydraulic locking structure

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of machine tool, and discloses a tailstock hydraulic locking structure, which comprises two oil cylinders assembled on a base, the locking plate below the base is connected with the locking side of the piston rod of the oil cylinder, the non-locking side of the piston rod of the oil cylinder is connected by a rigid connecting piece, the piston rod of one of the two oil cylinders keeps the position of the piston rod of the oil cylinder in the oil leakage failure state of the other oil cylinder through the rigid connecting piece, the base is provided with a movable self-locking block, the self-locking block is moved to abut against the rigid connecting piece to lock and fix the rigid connecting piece in the state that the piston rods of the two oil cylinders pull the locking plate, the rigid connecting piece is locked and fixed by the self-locking block, no matter one of the oil cylinders fails or both of the oil cylinders fail, the locking structure keeps the reliable locking and fixing of the tailstock, the wedge-shaped inclined surface cooperation between the self-locking block and the piston connecting rod can further increase the locking torque, and the locking force of the locking plate on the tailstock is larger.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of machine tools, and particularly relates to a machine tool tailstock locking structure. BACKGROUND

[0002] The machine tool tailstock is slidably installed on the surface guide rail of the bed body and is locked and fixed through a hydraulic locking structure. The existing hydraulic locking structure is generally composed of two hydraulic cylinders and a locking pressing plate. The locking pressing plate is fixedly connected to the locking side of the piston rod of the two hydraulic cylinders. The piston rods of the two cylinders are synchronously actuated to pull back the locking pressing plate to fix the tailstock. The piston rods of the two cylinders are synchronously actuated to release the fixation of the tailstock. The non-locking sides of the piston rods of the two cylinders are independent of each other.

[0003] During work, if one of the cylinders or both of the cylinders seep oil for a long time due to a problem in the structure of the sealing ring, the locking of the cylinder will fail, affecting the locking reliability of the hydraulic locking structure on the machine tool tailstock. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the application aims to provide a tailstock hydraulic locking structure with high locking reliability on the machine tool tailstock and capable of keeping the tailstock locked when both of the cylinders seep oil and fail.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the application adopts the following technical scheme:

[0006] A tailstock hydraulic locking structure comprises two cylinders assembled on a base. The locking side of the piston rod of the cylinder is connected to a locking pressing plate arranged below the base. The non-locking side of the piston rod of the cylinder is connected by a rigid connecting piece. The piston rod of one of the two cylinders is kept in position by the rigid connecting piece when the other cylinder seeps oil and fails.

[0007] The base is provided with a movable self-locking block. When the piston rods of the two cylinders pull the locking pressing plate, the self-locking block is moved to abut against the rigid connecting piece to lock and fix the rigid connecting piece.

[0008] Further, a matching surface is formed between the self-locking block and the rigid connecting piece. The self-locking block supports and fixes the rigid connecting piece at least at the bottom of the rigid connecting piece through the matching surface.

[0009] Further, the self-locking block and the piston connecting rod are matched through a wedge-shaped inclined surface.

[0010] The application has the following beneficial effects:

[0011] After the two oil cylinder piston rod tension locking press plate is locked and fixed to the tailstock, the self-locking block is self-locked and fixed, and no matter one oil cylinder fails or both oil cylinders fail, the rigid connecting piece is locked to keep the position of the two oil cylinder piston rods unchanged, and the locking and fixing of the tailstock is reliable;

[0012] After the two oil cylinder piston rod tension locking press plate is locked and fixed to the tailstock, when the self-locking block is moved to cooperate with the piston connecting rod, the wedge-shaped inclined surface is matched to make the self-locking block generate upward pushing force to further increase the locking torque of the locking press plate, so that the locking force of the locking press plate to the tailstock is greater. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a perspective view of the tailstock of the machine tool;

[0014] Figure 2 It is a perspective view of the tailstock of the machine tool; Figure 1

[0015] Figure 3 It is a top view of the base of the tailstock of the machine tool; Figure 1

[0016] Figure 4 It is a sectional view of A-A in the figure; Figure 3

[0017] Figure 5 It is a sectional view of B-B in the figure; Figure 3

[0018] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the present application using a spliced piston connecting rod;

[0019] Figure 7 It is a spliced implementation structure of the piston connecting rod in the figure; Figure 6

[0020] It is another spliced implementation structure of the piston connecting rod in the figure; Figure 8 Figure 6 It is another spliced implementation structure of the piston connecting rod in the figure;

[0021] Figure 9 Figure 6 It is another spliced implementation structure of the piston connecting rod in the figure;

[0022] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the present application using a plate body structure piston connecting rod;

[0023] Figure 11 It is a top view of the present application shown in the figure. Figure 10

[0024] ​​​​​​​In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Hydraulic locking structure; 11. Assembly cavity; 12. Assembly surface; 13. Base wall; 14. Through hole; 15. Fastening bolt; 21. First cylinder; 22. Second cylinder; 23. Locking plate; 24. Piston rod; 25. Slide; 26. Self-locking cylinder; 27. Self-locking block; 241. Countersunk hole; 242. Countersunk bolt; 243. Locking block mating part; 244. Second mating slope; 245. Half-body connecting rod; 246. Mating groove; 247. Screw hole; 248. Connecting hole; 249. Connecting rod; 271. First mating slope. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, so as to better understand the technical concept claimed by the present invention.

[0026] like Figure 1 The tailstock shown is mounted on the machine bed to support or clamp the workpiece to be processed in conjunction with the spindle box. A base 1 is provided at the bottom of the tailstock, and the base 1 is mounted on the bed guide rail so that the tailstock can be movably mounted on the surface of the machine bed. The base 1 is equipped with a hydraulic locking structure 2 to lock and fix the tailstock to the bed guide rail.

[0027] Hydraulic locking structure 2, such as Figures 2-5 The device includes a first hydraulic cylinder 21, a second hydraulic cylinder 22, a locking plate 23, and a piston connecting rod 24. The base 1 is provided with an assembly cavity 11. The top of the assembly cavity 11 has an assembly surface 12 that is assembled and connected to the tailstock body. The bottom of the assembly cavity 11 has a base wall 13. The cylinder bodies of the first hydraulic cylinder 21 and the second hydraulic cylinder 22 are disposed in the assembly cavity 11 and fastened to the base wall 13. The two hydraulic cylinders are installed together in a large cavity, which facilitates the installation and assembly of the hydraulic cylinders and the piston connecting rod 24. A through hole 14 is provided on the bottom wall 13 of the seat corresponding to the piston rods of the first oil cylinder 21 and the second oil cylinder 22. The locking plate 23 is located below the bottom wall 13 of the seat. The piston rods of the first oil cylinder 21 and the second oil cylinder 22 pass through the through hole 14 and are fixedly connected to the locking plate 23 by fastening bolts 15, so that the locking plate 23 is fixedly connected to the locking side of the piston rods of the two oil cylinders. The first oil cylinder 21 and the second oil cylinder 22 move synchronously and pull the locking plate 23 through the two piston rods, so that the tail seat is locked and fixed to the guide rail. The locking plate 23 has a simple and stable structure and is not easy to loosen or fall off.

[0028] The other end of the piston rod of the first oil cylinder 21 and the second oil cylinder 22, i.e. the end of the piston rod away from the locking pressing plate 23, constitutes a non-locking side, and the piston rods of the two oil cylinders are connected by a piston connecting rod 24 made of rigid material at the non-locking side, so that the piston rods of the two oil cylinders form an integrated piston rod structure; specifically, the piston connecting rod 24 is a block, and a counter-sunk hole 241 is arranged at the two ends of the piston connecting rod 24 corresponding to the piston rods of the two oil cylinders, and a counter-sunk bolt 242 is connected to the counter-sunk hole 241 and the piston rods of the oil cylinders, and the piston connecting rod 24 is fixedly connected to the non-locking sides of the piston rods of the two oil cylinders by bolt fastening.

[0029] When one of the first oil cylinder 21 and the second oil cylinder 22 leaks oil for a long time due to a sealing ring structure problem, causing locking failure, the other oil cylinder can maintain the stability of the position of the piston rod due to normality, and then the piston rod of the failed oil cylinder can also maintain the stability of the position through the pulling of the piston connecting rod 24 made of rigid material; in the case of failure of one of the two oil cylinders, the effectiveness of the entire locking structure can be maintained, and the cylinder locking reliability of the hydraulic locking structure 2 is improved.

[0030] In use, when both of the two oil cylinders fail due to a sealing ring structure problem, the non-locking side of the piston rods of the two oil cylinders is connected with the piston connecting rod 24, and the tension of the oil cylinders on the locking pressing plate 23 will still be loose, affecting the reliability and stability of the tail seat locking. The assembly cavity 11 is further provided with a sliding seat 25, and the sliding seat 25 is provided with a self-locking oil cylinder 26, the piston rod of the self-locking oil cylinder 26 is fixedly connected with a self-locking block 27, and the self-locking block 27 is slidably arranged on the sliding seat 25. After the piston rods of the two oil cylinders are tensioned to lock the pressing plate 23 to lock and fix the machine tool tail seat, the self-locking oil cylinder 26 is actuated to pull the self-locking block 27 to slide, so that the self-locking block 27 and the piston connecting rod 24 abut and cooperate, the piston connecting rod 24 is locked and fixed by the self-locking block 27, and when both of the two oil cylinders fail, the locking of the piston connecting rod 24 by the self-locking block 27 enables the piston rods of the two oil cylinders to maintain the state of tensioning the locking pressing plate 23, without affecting the locking of the tail seat, and further improving the reliability of the tail seat locking.

[0031] As Figure 4 , Figure 5As shown, the wedge-shaped inclined surface cooperation between the self-locking block 27 and the piston connecting rod 24, the self-locking block 27 is a wedge-shaped block, a first matching inclined surface 271 is arranged on the top surface of the self-locking block 27, and a locking block matching portion 243 is arranged on the bottom surface of the piston connecting rod 24, and a second matching inclined surface 244 is formed on the locking block matching portion 243. After the locking plate 23 is locked and fixed to the tailstock of the machine tool, the self-locking cylinder 26 pulls the self-locking block 27 to move to make the first matching inclined surface 271 and the second matching inclined surface 244 cooperate. In this process, the self-locking block 27 not only supports and fixes the piston connecting rod 24 by abutting against the bottom surface of the piston connecting rod 24, but also generates an upward pushing force on the piston connecting rod 24 by the cooperation of the wedge-shaped inclined surfaces, so that the locking torque of the locking plate 23 can be further increased, and the locking force of the locking plate 23 is greater.

[0032] In use, the locking of the tailstock of the machine tool is relaxed by moving the self-locking block 27 pushed by the self-locking cylinder 26, and the self-locking block 27 is separated from the cooperation of the piston connecting rod 24, and then the tension of the locking plate 23 is relaxed by the action of the two cylinders, and the self-locking block 27 is unlocked and the tailstock is unlocked.

[0033] As an improved embodiment, as shown in the drawings, Figures 6 to 9 The piston connecting rod 24 can also be composed of two symmetrical half connecting rods 245. The end of the half connecting rod 245 is provided with a matching clamping groove 246, and the bottom surface of the half connecting rod 245 is provided with a second matching inclined surface 244. The ends of the two half connecting rods 245 are matched and clamped on the non-locking side of the piston rod of the first cylinder 21 and the second cylinder 22, and then the two half connecting rods 245 are tightly fixed to the non-locking side of the piston rod of the two cylinders. The structure of the piston connecting rod 24 with the counterbore hole 241 arranged at the opposite end can avoid the trouble of aligning the counterbore hole 241 with the non-locking side of the cylinder piston rod, and the assembly is relatively faster. Moreover, the piston connecting rod 24 with this structure does not need to consider the assembly direction of the piston connecting rod 24, i.e. the direction of the second matching inclined surface 244, which improves the assembly accuracy and convenience.

[0034] In specific implementation, as shown in the drawings, Figure 7 Screw holes 247 are arranged on the two half connecting rods 245, and the two half connecting rods 245 are fixed on the non-locking side of the piston rod of the two cylinders by being connected to the screw holes 247 by bolts; or as shown in the drawings, Figure 8 Connecting holes 248 are arranged on the two half connecting rods 245, and the two half connecting rods 245 are fixed on the non-locking side of the piston rod of the two cylinders by being connected to the connecting holes 248 by bolt and nut assemblies; or as shown in the drawings, Figure 9As shown, a connecting hole 248 is arranged on one of the half connecting rods 245, and a connecting rod 249 is arranged on the other half connecting rod 245, the end of the connecting rod 249 is provided with a locking screw thread, and the connecting rod 249 penetrates into the connecting hole 248, so that the two half connecting rods 245 are assembled and fixed on the non-locking side of the piston rod of the two oil cylinders through the nut locking connection of the connecting rod 249.

[0035] As an improved embodiment, as shown, the piston connecting rod 24 can also adopt a plate-shaped structure, which is fastened and installed on the non-locking side of the piston rod of the two oil cylinders through bolts, the plate-shaped structure is formed by bending a steel plate and is provided with a second matching inclined surface 244. Figures 10 to 11

[0036] For those skilled in the art, other various corresponding changes and modifications can be made according to the technical solutions and concepts described above, and all these changes and modifications should belong to the protection scope of the claims of the present application.​

Claims

1. A tailstock hydraulic locking structure, comprising a first oil cylinder (21) and a second oil cylinder (22) assembled on a base (1), the locking side of the piston rods of the first and second oil cylinders being connected with a locking press plate (23) arranged below the base, characterized in that: the base is provided with an assembly cavity (11), the top end of the assembly cavity is provided with an assembly surface (12) for assembly connection with a tailstock body, and the bottom end of the assembly cavity is provided with a seat bottom wall (13), the cylinder bodies of the first and second oil cylinders are arranged in the assembly cavity and fastened to the seat bottom wall, the piston rods of the first and second oil cylinders are connected through a piston connecting rod (24) of rigid material on the non-locking side, so that the piston rods of the first and second oil cylinders form an integrated piston rod structure; the piston rod of one of the first and second oil cylinders keeps the position of the piston rod of the oil leakage failure oil cylinder through the piston connecting rod when the other is in the oil leakage failure state; the base is provided with a movable self-locking block (27), which is moved to abut and cooperate with the piston connecting rod and lock and fix the piston connecting rod when the piston rods of the first and second oil cylinders pull the locking press plate; the self-locking block and the piston connecting rod are cooperated through a wedge-shaped slope, the self-locking block supports and fixes the piston connecting rod at least at the bottom of the piston connecting rod through the wedge-shaped slope; the top surface of the self-locking block is provided with a first cooperation slope (271), the bottom surface of the piston connecting rod is provided with a lock block cooperation part (243) protruding downward, the lock block cooperation part is formed with a second cooperation slope (244), and the self-locking block is moved to cooperate the first cooperation slope with the second cooperation slope. The self-locking block is slidably arranged in a sliding seat (25) in the assembly cavity, and the sliding seat is provided with a self-locking oil cylinder (26) for driving the self-locking block to move. Both ends of the piston connecting rod (24) are fixedly connected to the non-locking side of the piston rods of the first and second oil cylinders (21) and (22) through bolts.

2. The hydraulic locking structure of the tailstock according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piston connecting rod (24) is a block-shaped connecting rod.

3. The tailstock hydraulic locking structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The piston connecting rod (24) is a plate-shaped structure.

4. The tailstock hydraulic locking structure according to claim 2, wherein: The piston connecting rod (24) is composed of two symmetrically arranged half connecting rods (245) connected by splicing, and the end portions of the two half connecting rods (245) are provided with cooperation clamping grooves (246) for clamping the non-locking side of the piston rods of the first and second oil cylinders (21) and (22).

5. The tailstock hydraulic locking structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The piston connecting rod (24) is composed of two symmetrically arranged half connecting rods (245) connected by splicing, and the end portions of the two half connecting rods (245) are provided with cooperation clamping grooves (246) for clamping the non-locking side of the piston rods of the first and second oil cylinders (21) and (22).

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