Deterministic base station establishment method and system based on white box architecture

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of deterministic network technology, and specifically discloses a method and system for establishing a deterministic base station based on a white box architecture. The method is based on the CU function of the O-RAN architecture, expands the functions required for deterministic transmission, and adds a hardware plug-in card. The base station uses the 1688 module of CUNOS as the high-level logic to perform deterministic clock synchronization. The base station clock broadcasts the clock information to the user terminal through SIB9, and the user terminal synchronizes the local clock according to the clock information in SIB9; redundant data packets are transmitted between the UPF and the user terminal. For DL ​​services, the UPF copies the sent data packets to generate redundant transmission copies, and the user terminal eliminates duplicate packets according to the sequence number; the communication node sends wireless resource dynamic information and clock information Telemetry, and regularly obtains clock information from the O-CU to the O-DU. The technical solution adopts white box open technology to achieve a unified high-level deterministic function design, and the hardware plug-in card realizes high-speed data processing of high-level communication protocols.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of deterministic network technology, and relates to a deterministic base station establishment method and system based on a white box architecture. Background Art

[0002] With the application of 5G fully connected factories, the industrial Internet is integrating office networks (IT networks) and production networks (OT networks). The use of wireless instead of wired in OT networks can achieve flexible networking and avoid cable reconstruction caused by changes in application scenarios. Since various industrial manufacturing scenarios in fully connected factories require time-sensitive deterministic data transmission, there is an urgent requirement for the determinism of 5G.

[0003] Hardware white-boxing separates software from hardware, and realizes the transformation of wireless access networks from dedicated hardware platforms to general hardware platforms, and the transformation from closed to open. Compared with macro base stations, small base stations have small coverage, are suitable for high-density deployment, and have flexible deployment scenarios. They are very suitable for typical scenarios such as production and warehousing in fully connected factories, and have become an important application field for hardware white-boxing.

[0004] 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) has gradually provided deterministic support for 5G since version R16. The 5G and TSN (Time-Sensitive Networking) network integration solution of version R16 connects 5G to TSN network, and further reduces latency and jitter based on URLLC (Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communications) technology, improves reliability, and meets deterministic applications in industrial manufacturing scenarios on a larger scale. In version R17, 5G itself supports TSC (timesensitive communication), and can independently provide deterministic services without the need to integrate with the TSN network, making deployment easier and more flexible. In version R18, 5G integrates DetNet technology, which can interconnect with industrial Internet distributed in various places and complete large-scale industrial chain collaboration.

[0005] 5G is applied to fully connected factories, and deterministic transmission is one of the key technologies. Different from the best efforts of the Internet, deterministic transmission data packets arrive precisely at the set time, which requires key technical support such as high-precision time synchronization, precise forwarding scheduling, and redundant transmission. Currently, there are three major standard system organizations that are formulating corresponding deterministic standards, namely TSN formulated by IEEE, DetNet formulated by IETF, and TSC formulated by 3GPP. Among them, TSN has obvious advantages in terms of standards and industrial scale, and is also the inevitable direction of evolution supported by fieldbus and industrial Ethernet, which are widely used in existing industrial manufacturing scenarios. Therefore, it is the preferred network integration object for 5G applications in industrial manufacturing scenarios.

[0006] The 3GPP TSN evolution solution for existing 5G networks has the following problems in operator deployment:

[0007] Deterministic data transmission plays a key role in the current 5G fully connected factory applications and is a prerequisite for wireless industrial network applications. However, the TSN evolution route of 3GPP's 5G network targets the entire network, which has the problems of large investment and long implementation cycle. Deterministic data transmission accounts for a small proportion in non-industrial applications, resulting in a deterministic upgrade of the entire 5G network, with huge initial investment, but the low utilization rate of deterministic services, which brings great risks to operators.

[0008] Deterministic technology is developing rapidly, and TSN technology is also in constant improvement and development. The use of dedicated deterministic equipment, after large-scale deployment at the current stage of technological change, cannot adapt to the continuous evolution of technology and has a high investment risk. However, if determinism is not deployed and the technology matures, it will not be possible to promote the deterministic development of 5G networks, meet the urgent needs of fully connected factories for deterministic data transmission, and cultivate the market.

[0009] In the local application scenario of the fully connected factory of the 5G network, the 5G wireless access network (5G-RAN) is the key equipment for realizing wireless deterministic transmission. Most of the existing 5G base stations are black box closed architectures. The fully connected factory has multiple wireless deterministic requirements. The black box-based 5G-RAN is difficult to fully meet the complex wireless deterministic data transmission scenarios in different areas of the fully connected factory. Summary of the invention

[0010] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a deterministic base station establishment method and system based on a white box architecture to solve the problems of large investment in full network evolution, long implementation cycle, high operator risk and few application scenarios in the existing 5G network communication evolution solution in operator deployment.

[0011] In order to achieve the above object, the basic scheme of the present invention is: a deterministic base station establishment method based on a white box architecture, comprising the following steps:

[0012] Based on the CU function of the O-RAN architecture, it expands the time broadcast and synchronization, time slot allocation and scheduling, congestion control, and traffic management functions required for deterministic transmission;

[0013] Based on the hardware structure of CUNOS, a hardware plug-in card is added. The plug-in card is based on a field programmable gate array and consists of two pipelines, namely the wireless resource pipeline and the deterministic communication pipeline, which respectively realize the deterministic mapping function of wireless resources and the logical function of deterministic communication;

[0014] The base station uses the CUNOS 1688 module as high-level logic for deterministic clock synchronization, and the underlying hardware card implements the gPTP generalized clock synchronization protocol function of IEEE802.1AS;

[0015] The base station clock broadcasts the clock information to the user terminal through SIB9, and the user terminal synchronizes the local clock according to the clock information in SIB9;

[0016] Redundant data packets are transmitted between the UPF and the user terminal through two independent N3 tunnels and two RAN nodes. For DL ​​services, the UPF copies the sent data packets to generate redundant transmission copies, and the user terminal eliminates duplicate packets based on the sequence number;

[0017] In deterministic slice signaling support, the base station sets a slice to support communication services, the user terminal selects a deterministic PDU (protocol data unit) session, the base station selects the RAN slice and AMF that support the communication, and the signaling supports frame duplication and reliability elimination;

[0018] Using the Telemetry module of CUNOS, the communication node sends wireless resource dynamic information and clock information Telemetry, and periodically obtains clock information from the O-CU to the O-DU.

[0019] The working principle and beneficial effects of this basic solution are as follows: This technical solution starts with local deterministic wireless data transmission such as fully connected factories, designs deterministic support for 5G local wireless access networks, adopts white box open technology, and uses China Unicom's white box operating system CUNOS to achieve unified high-level deterministic function design, and hardware plug-in cards to achieve high-speed data processing of high-level TSN protocols. Based on the white box approach, deterministic data transmission can be customized and expanded according to the needs of different areas of the fully connected factory, and with UPF and local industrial networks, local wireless and wired networks can be used to support determinism, which has the advantages of low investment and short implementation cycle.

[0020] For typical scenarios such as fully connected factories with deterministic data needs, deterministic data transmission can be achieved in local areas without the need for deterministic upgrades of the entire 5G network. This will solve users' urgent needs for deterministic data transmission during the period of rapid development and change of 5G deterministic technology, cultivate the 5G deterministic application market, and promote the deterministic evolution of 5G.

[0021] Furthermore, based on the CU function of the O-RAN architecture, time broadcast and synchronization, time slot allocation and scheduling, congestion control, and traffic management are expanded. The specific steps are as follows:

[0022] Time broadcast and synchronization: The base station itself acts as a node in the communication network, and the communication equipment connected to the network interface uses the IEEE 802.1AS protocol to achieve high-precision time synchronization, ensuring accurate transmission and coordination of data reception and transmission;

[0023] As the clock source in the coverage area, the 5G base station broadcasts the clock through the broadcast channel and provides TSN clocks for wireless terminals;

[0024] Timeslot allocation and scheduling: CU combines timeslot management and wireless channel resource management to schedule and manage data according to the transmission requirements of communication sessions, and reasonably allocates data to connected DUs and RUs to ensure the transmission quality of real-time and time-sensitive data;

[0025] Through the time slot allocation of the communication link between CU and DU, the time slice is allocated according to the transmission requirements and priority of each PDU session, and the time slot scheduling completes the allocation and occupation of the time slot in DU and RU;

[0026] Congestion control: 5G base stations process both non-deterministic and deterministic data. CUs need to monitor and control wireless resources and data transmission status at each node in real time to prevent overload and packet loss.

[0027] Traffic management: CU prioritizes and schedules deterministic and non-deterministic traffic sent and received through wireless channel resources to ensure high-priority transmission of deterministic time-sensitive data;

[0028] CU classifies data by setting different service types and traffic characteristics to ensure low-latency and high-reliability transmission of key data;

[0029] The wireless resource scheduling is performed by using the IEEE 802.1Qbv polling scheduling protocol to allocate and manage wireless channel resources, so as to ensure the transmission of periodic data in the wireless channel and provide protection for delay-sensitive flows.

[0030] Time broadcast and synchronization provide TSN clocks to wireless terminals through broadcast channels, and congestion control completes the dynamic transmission of wireless resources and data transmission status at each node to prevent overload and packet loss. Traffic management is performed by CU to prioritize and schedule deterministic and non-deterministic traffic sent and received through wireless channel resources to ensure high-priority transmission of deterministic time-sensitive data. CU classifies data by setting different service types and traffic characteristics to ensure low-latency and high-reliability transmission of critical data.

[0031] Furthermore, a hardware card is added, and the data processing method of the hardware card integrating wireless resources is as follows:

[0032] Deterministic data processing based on wireless resources, including data receiving module, frame processing, message supervision, input buffer interface, buffer maintenance, queue control, queue management, queue gating, output scheduling, and wireless channel transmission;

[0033] Wireless deterministic transmission combines wireless resource management and the dynamic changes of wireless channel time slots to manage the transmitted data. The base station manages it through the output interface of CQF, classifies the data priority according to the time slots of existing wireless resources, and configures the queue gating, queue gating, queue measurement and output shaping logic to make the delay of deterministic data in wireless channel resources controllable.

[0034] The hardware plug-in card method handles high-speed data processing in high-level protocols, allowing CUNOS to meet the base station's needs for deterministic data processing.

[0035] Further, the method for performing deterministic data processing based on wireless resources is:

[0036] Data reception: According to the Ethernet type, identify deterministic data and non-deterministic messages, add head and tail identification bits, and if it is a PTP message, record its receiving timestamp;

[0037] Frame processing: allocates an idle ID for the receive message buffer queue, constructs a message descriptor, and specifies the method of wireless resource allocation in the descriptor;

[0038] Message supervision: supervision is performed based on the relationship between the number of free buffer IDs in the message set buffer and the bandwidth reservation message supervision threshold, and the supervision results are reported to the upper-level management module;

[0039] Input buffer interface: converts the received buffer ID into the actual address of the message buffer and writes the message into the centralized buffer area;

[0040] Cache maintenance: Maintain the remaining cache IDs in the cache area, allocate free cache IDs to each input interface, and reclaim the occupied cache IDs from each output interface;

[0041] Enqueue control: In 802.1Qbv scheduling mode, the message descriptor is written to the corresponding queue according to the message type;

[0042] In 802.1Qch scheduling mode, the queue to which the deterministic message descriptor is written is determined by the parity of the current wireless channel time slot, and the queue to which the non-deterministic message descriptor is written is determined by the message type;

[0043] Maintain the tail address of each queue, and update the corresponding queue tail address every time a message descriptor is received;

[0044] Enqueue management: Use 8 queues to cache descriptors of different types of messages, and search for the descriptors of each queue based on a linked list;

[0045] Queue gating: caches all gating states of eight queues in a scheduling cycle and reads out the queue gating states in each idle time slot of the wireless channel;

[0046] Output scheduling: Schedule 8 queues according to queue status, queue gating status, and queue priority, and read out the message descriptors in the queues;

[0047] Maintain the first address of each queue and use the message cache ID of the scheduled output as the new first address of the corresponding queue;

[0048] Wireless channel transmission: convert the received message buffer ID into the CQF base address, read the message from the centralized buffer area, and pass the message buffer ID to the message CQF for release;

[0049] For the PTP message, calculate its transmission time in the switching logic and add it to the PTP message transparent clock domain.

[0050] Deterministic data processing is based on wireless resources and is simpler to operate.

[0051] Furthermore, the CQF sending method of wireless channel resources and data based on CUNOS is as follows:

[0052] The inconsistency between the time when the deterministic data flow flows into 5G-RAN and the time when the idle time slot is adjusted through the cache queue. The forwarding model of CQF is adopted. Based on the wireless resource input gating table and output gating table defined by the packet forward control protocol PSFP and EST mechanism, the control queue opens the input of T0 to receive the deterministic code stream and closes the output of T0 queue at the even time of the time slot; the opposite operation is performed at the odd time, opening the input of T1 queue to receive the deterministic code stream and closing the output of T1 queue;

[0053] At the idle time slot of the wireless channel, the T0 and T1 queues can ensure that one queue is in a state of input closed and output open, and the queue outputting the data of the selected queue is output to the idle time slot of the wireless resource, thereby completing the adaptation of the deterministic data to the wireless resource time slot.

[0054] Wireless deterministic transmission combines wireless resource management and the dynamic changes of wireless channel time slots to manage the transmitted data. The base station manages it through the output interface of CQF, classifies the data priority according to the time slots of existing wireless resources, and configures queue gating, queue gating, queue measurement and output shaping logic to achieve controllable delay of deterministic data in wireless channel resources.

[0055] Furthermore, wireless resources are adjusted according to different levels to give priority to high-priority data transmission, and in the time slot allocation of wireless resources, the Q7-Q0 priority is used for time slot queuing, among which Q7 has the highest priority, corresponding to different types and priorities of deterministic code streams, and idle time slots are allocated to them.

[0056] Prioritize high-priority data transmission and utilize data transmission scheduling.

[0057] Furthermore, redundant data packets are transmitted between the UPF and the user terminal through two independent N3 tunnels and two RAN nodes. The specific method is as follows:

[0058] The same PDU is transmitted through M-RAN and S-RAN nodes, which use different transport layer paths on the user plane for redundant data transmission;

[0059] The SMF provides different routing information in the tunnel information through the SR-TE controller. The forwarders between the M-RAN and S-RAN nodes and the UPF control the transmission of messages in disjoint transport layer paths based on the label stack.

[0060] For DL ​​services, UPF copies the data packets to be sent to generate redundant transmission copies and includes the same sequence number in the header of the copies. M-RAN and S-RAN receive data packets from UPF and send them to the user terminal UE. The two packets received by UE from M-RAN and S-RAN carry the same sequence number, and duplicate packets are eliminated based on the sequence number.

[0061] For UL services, the UE duplicates packets and assigns them the same sequence number for redundant transmission, where one packet is transmitted to the M-RAN and the other is sent to the S-RAN. The UPF eliminates duplicate packets based on the sequence number in the header;

[0062] Based on the FRR module of CUNOS, signaling routing is constructed.

[0063] The SR-TE (Segment Routing-Traffic Engineering) service module implements the display path through Adjacency SID or Adiacency SID+Node SID. The SR-TE controller completes the calculation of the tunnel forwarding path and sends the label stack corresponding to the path to the forwarder. The SR-TE forwarder controls the transmission path of the message in the network according to the label stack at the ingress node of the tunnel. To achieve FRER line redundancy and packet replication, redundant data packets are transmitted between the UPF and the UE through two independent N3 tunnels and two RAN nodes to improve service reliability.

[0064] Furthermore, in the deterministic slice signaling support, the system sets a slice to support the communication service, the user terminal selects the deterministic PDU session, the system selects the RAN slice and AMF that support the communication, and the signaling supports frame duplication and reliability elimination. The specific steps are:

[0065] Set up an S-NSSAI for communication with the user terminal UE and inform the base station of the specific data transmission standard; the UE selects the Requested NSSAI that supports the communication and the deterministic PDU session to be established, and selects the RAN slice and AMF that support the communication;

[0066] In the frame duplication and reliability elimination signaling support, the AMF remains unchanged, and the SMF determines whether redundant transmission needs to be activated for the QoS flow based on the local policy of the S-NSSAI;

[0067] When the SMF allocates CN tunnel information, it provides tunnel information for the two tunnels of the redundant transmission path, the SMF instructs the UPF to duplicate the downlink packet data and send the duplicate packets to the two N3 tunnels, and instructs the UPF to eliminate duplicate uplink packets;

[0068] When the UPF allocates tunnel information, it provides tunnel information for the two tunnels of the redundant transmission path, the UPF duplicates the downlink packets according to the sequence number in the header and sends the duplicate packets to the two N3 tunnels, and eliminates the duplicate uplink packets;

[0069] RAN supports redundant transmission through an architecture with two N3 tunnels. RAN combines dual connection settings and establishment or modification of radio bearers during session management. UE copies uplink packets and eliminates downlink packets for communication. UE determines whether to copy uplink packets for communication flow based on the communication profile (TSN profile) of the service, and UE supports duplication and elimination protocols.

[0070] Based on CUNOS, it realizes signaling support for deterministic base stations with simple operation.

[0071] Furthermore, using the Telemetry module of CUNOS, the communication node sends the wireless resource dynamic information and clock information Telemetry, and periodically obtains the clock information from the O-CU to the O-DU. The specific method is as follows:

[0072] O-CU uses the YANG model to define the current status of wireless resources based on wireless resource scheduling;

[0073] The network elements of the 5G local network and the 5G core network that need the real-time status of wireless resources subscribe to the wireless resource status message from the related 5G-RAN. Based on gRPC or UDP, 5G-RAN pushes messages to the network elements of the 5G local network and the 5G core network that need the real-time status of wireless resources. gRPC pushes messages by establishing a gRPC tunnel. UDP push pushes data by establishing a UDP tunnel, which changes from one-to-one to many-to-one tunnel establishment.

[0074] The Telemetry module is applied to the O-CU to periodically obtain clock information from the O-DU and form SIB9 clock configuration information for broadcast.

[0075] The Telemetry module of CUNOS is used to send dynamic information of wireless resources and clock information to other communication nodes in the local network, thereby realizing dynamic information transmission of wireless resources and real-time clock transmission.

[0076] The present invention also provides a deterministic base station system based on the method of the present invention, comprising a 5G core network, a mobile deterministic terminal, a local industrial communication network and a UPF;

[0077] The 5G core network is connected to the local industrial communication network through UPF, and the mobile deterministic terminal is connected to UPF and 5G core network respectively through M-RAN and S-RAN.

[0078] The system is used to accept the unified management of white box base stations by the 5G network, and the protocols for wireless base stations and deterministic data processing are implemented based on the CUNOS module to achieve local wireless deterministic data transmission. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0079] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the architecture of the O-RAN architecture of the deterministic base station establishment method based on the white box architecture of the present invention;

[0080] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a deterministic base station system based on a white box architecture of the present invention;

[0081] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the architecture of the CUNOS architecture of the deterministic base station establishment method based on the white box architecture of the present invention;

[0082] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a wireless resource input gating table and an output gating table of a deterministic base station establishment method based on a white box architecture of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0083] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0084] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0085] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, it should be noted that the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, or it can be the internal connection between two components. It can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0086] The present invention discloses a method for establishing a deterministic base station based on a white box architecture. Based on CUNOS, a universal operating system for white box devices of China Unicom, a 5G wireless network (5G-RAN, RAN is a radio access network, Radio Access Network) supporting deterministic wireless data transmission is constructed to realize deterministic wireless data communication services in typical areas such as fully connected factories. The method for establishing a deterministic base station includes the following steps:

[0087] like Figure 1 As shown, O-CU completes the original O-CU functions of L2 PDCP and L3 RRC layers, runs on a general computer cloud platform, uses CUNOS as the operating system, and supports deterministic data processing based on CUNOS.

[0088] Based on the CU function of the O-RAN (Open Radio Access Network) architecture, it extends the time broadcast and synchronization, time slot allocation and scheduling, congestion control, and traffic management functions required for deterministic transmission; the O-RAN architecture of the open radio access network includes the following core components:

[0089] O-RAN Radio Unit (O-RU), which handles the lower part of the physical layer.

[0090] O-RAN Distributed Unit (O-DU), which is responsible for baseband processing, scheduling, radio link control, medium access control and higher parts of the physical layer.

[0091] O-RAN Central Unit (O-CU), for the packet data aggregation protocol layer.

[0092] O-RAN Intelligent Controller (O-RI C), which collects network information and performs necessary optimization tasks.

[0093] Based on CUNOS (such as Figure 3 The hardware structure of the 4G LTE-M (4G LTE-M) is shown in Figure 1. A hardware plug-in card is added. The plug-in card is based on a field programmable gate array (FPGA) and consists of two pipelines, namely the wireless resource pipeline and the deterministic communication (such as TSN) pipeline, which respectively realize the deterministic mapping function of wireless resources and the logical function of deterministic communication; based on China Unicom's white box operating system CUNOS, it is convenient for operators to uniformly access and manage equipment from different manufacturers. Since the general white box hardware platform running CUNOS cannot process high-speed deterministic data, the high-level CUNOS is used to process the deterministic management protocol, and the hardware plug-in card is used to process the high-speed data processing in the high-level protocol, so that CUNOS can meet the data processing needs of base station determinism.

[0094] The base station (gNB) uses the CUNOS 1688 module as high-level logic for deterministic clock synchronization, and the underlying hardware plug-in card implements the gPTP (generalized precision time protocol) generalized clock synchronization protocol function of IEEE802.1AS;

[0095] The base station clock broadcasts clock information to the user terminal through SIB9 (System Information Block Type 9). The user terminal (UE) synchronizes the local clock according to the clock information in SIB9. By periodically receiving and parsing SIB9 (SIB9 contains information related to GPS time and Coordinated Universal Time (UTC)) messages, the UE can achieve continuous clock synchronization and correction. The specific steps are as follows:

[0096] Base station configuration: O-CU obtains the clock of the distributed unit through O-DU to form clock information. O-CU configures SIB9 of O-DU. The configuration parameters include the base station's transmission clock period (Transmission Time Interval, TTI), subframe configuration, time slot configuration, etc.

[0097] SIB9 broadcast: SIB9 messages are periodically sent to nearby UEs through the broadcast channel. The broadcast timing is determined by the scheduling strategy of the base station and is usually sent during system idle time or low load.

[0098] SIB9 content: The SIB9 message contains the clock and timing information of the base station, including the type of clock source, the offset value of the clock source, and the synchronization interval parameter. After receiving the SIB9 message, the UE can parse the clock information.

[0099] Clock synchronization: The UE synchronizes its local clock according to the clock information in SIB9. By periodically receiving and parsing SIB9 messages, the UE can achieve continuous clock synchronization and correction.

[0100] UPF and user terminals use two independent N3 tunnels and two RAN nodes to transmit redundant data packets. For DL ​​services, UPF copies the sent data packets to generate redundant transmission copies, and the user terminal eliminates duplicate packets based on the sequence number. In 5G networks, UPF (User Plane Function) is one of the key components of the core network (5GC, i.e. 5G Core), responsible for routing and forwarding data packets in the user plane. DL in the context of UPF usually refers to "Downlink", i.e. downlink.

[0101] In deterministic slice signaling support, the base station sets a slice to support communication services, the user terminal selects a deterministic PDU (protocol data unit) session, and the base station selects the RAN slice and AMF (Access and Mobility Management Function, AMF is one of the key components in the 5G Core Network. AMF plays a vital role in the 5G network architecture and is responsible for handling access and mobility management tasks related to user equipment (UE, User Equipment)). At the same time, the signaling supports frame duplication and reliability elimination (FRER);

[0102] Using the Telemetry module of CUNOS, the communication node sends wireless resource dynamic information and clock information Telemetry, and periodically obtains clock information from O-CU to O-DU.

[0103] Since TSN (Time-Sensitive Networking) is the most mature deterministic network technology currently, the deterministic support of the base station can be implemented with the TSN protocol as the core in the embodiment, and other deterministic transmission standards can also be implemented with reference to this embodiment.

[0104] The CUNOS system architecture includes the application layer, business logic layer, intermediate adaptation layer, hardware driver layer, and system layer. The application layer includes the DC module, DB module, and NESVC module. The DC module processes the reception and transmission of user data, the DB module manages configuration data and status data, and the NESVC module is used for data table verification, inter-table verification, data delivery, and abnormal rollback. The application layer accepts the unified management of open network devices by the high-level network through the interface with the external OMC (Operation and Maintenance Center). The application layer connects to the 5G bearer network in accordance with the China Unicom white box domain Yang model standard.

[0105] The business layer completes the business logic functions corresponding to the application layer, such as startup, parameter setting, resource allocation, protocol call, protocol parameter setting, protocol status operation, module and protocol data maintenance, etc. The business layer also collects various data information from the bottom layer, such as alarms, performance statistics, and the operating status of each module and protocol, to provide services for the application layer. In view of the insufficient support of the FRR (Fast Reroute) open source protocol stack for 5G bearer networks, CUNOS has carried out secondary development and integration, integrating some commercial protocol stack modules to enable CUNOS to meet the characteristics of 5G bearer networks.

[0106] The middle layer includes the middle adaptation layer and the hardware driver layer. The middle adaptation layer completes the conversion adaptation between the upper and lower layer functions, integrates and integrates incompatible parameters, data, and behavior actions according to actual conditions, so that the upper layer functions can be mapped to the hardware components for execution. The middle adaptation layer is mainly divided into board adaptation, port mapping, business layer module adaptation, message sending and receiving, interrupt adaptation, communication interface call, etc.

[0107] The communication interface shields and abstracts the SDK (Software Development Kit) of the hardware driver layer chip, so that the intermediate adaptation layer can complete the function feature delivery adaptation work for chips from different manufacturers. Since the basic communication feature set mainly meets the scenario of data center switches, CUNOS has added a communication development module for 5G bearer requirements, and enhanced the existing communication modules for 5G bearer requirements to meet the 5G bearer network feature requirements.

[0108] The hardware driver layer mainly drives the underlying hardware components, such as RAM, FLASH, FPGA, CPLD, RTC, ASIC (Application-Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC is an integrated circuit designed for specific applications or tasks. Compared with general-purpose processors (such as CPU or GPU), ASIC optimizes the performance and efficiency of specific functions at the hardware level) chips and CPU buses, so that they can complete the corresponding functions according to software instructions, such as driver software functions and OCP's ONLP software abstraction functions.

[0109] In a preferred solution of the present invention, based on the CU function of the O-RAN architecture, time broadcast and synchronization, time slot allocation and scheduling, congestion control, and traffic management are extended, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0110] Time broadcast and synchronization: The base station itself acts as a node in the communication network, and the communication equipment connected to the network interface uses the IEEE 802.1AS protocol to achieve high-precision time synchronization, ensuring accurate transmission and coordination of data reception and transmission;

[0111] As the clock source in the coverage area, the 5G base station broadcasts the clock through the broadcast channel and provides TSN clocks for wireless terminals;

[0112] Timeslot allocation and scheduling: CU combines timeslot management and wireless channel resource management to schedule and manage data according to the transmission requirements of communication sessions, and reasonably allocates data to connected DUs and RUs to ensure the transmission quality of real-time and time-sensitive data;

[0113] Through the time slot allocation of the communication link between CU and DU, the time slice is allocated according to the transmission requirements and priority of each PDU session, and the time slot scheduling completes the allocation and occupation of the time slot in DU and RU;

[0114] Congestion control: 5G base stations process both non-deterministic and deterministic data. CUs need to monitor and control wireless resources and data transmission status at each node in real time to prevent overload and packet loss.

[0115] Traffic management: CU prioritizes and schedules deterministic and non-deterministic traffic sent and received through wireless channel resources to ensure high-priority transmission of deterministic time-sensitive data;

[0116] CU classifies data by setting different service types and traffic characteristics to ensure low-latency and high-reliability transmission of key data;

[0117] For wireless resource scheduling, the IEEE 802.1Qbv polling scheduling protocol is used to allocate and manage wireless channel resources to ensure the transmission of periodic data in the wireless channel and provide protection for delay-sensitive flows. The IEEE 802.1Qa bandwidth guarantee queue protocol is used to provide quality of service (QoS) guarantees for data passing through the wireless channel.

[0118] O-CU's TSN data processing uses open source TSN-related modules, mainly TSN's IEEE 802.1AS-REV time synchronization protocol, 802.1Qbv planned traffic enhancement protocol, 802.1Qci per-stream filtering and supervision protocol, 802.1Qch circular queuing and forwarding protocol, IEEE 802.3br / IEEE 802.1Qbu802.1Qcc frame preemption protocol, IEEE 802.1CB frame replication and elimination reliability protocol. The parts involving wireless base stations are mainly the clock synchronization of 5G-RAN and UE, the IEEE 802.1CB frame replication and elimination reliability of wireless channels, and the deterministic management of wireless resources. The high-level business logic in the protocol is implemented by the functional modules in CUNOS based on the CPU, and the high-speed data operation module is implemented by the FPGA pipeline of the underlying hardware plug-in card.

[0119] In a preferred solution of the present invention, a hardware card is added, and a hardware card data processing method integrating wireless resources is as follows:

[0120] Deterministic data processing based on wireless resources, including data receiving module, frame processing, message supervision, input buffer interface, buffer maintenance, queue control, queue management, queue gating, output scheduling, and wireless channel transmission;

[0121] Wireless deterministic transmission combines wireless resource management and the dynamic changes of wireless channel time slots to manage the transmitted data. The base station manages the output interface of CQF (Cyclic Queuing and Forwarding (CQF) in Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) is a key technology for ensuring the deterministic transmission of time-sensitive data streams in the network. CQF is a component of the TSN protocol family and is defined by the IEEE 802.1Qch standard. It implements a periodic scheduling strategy in network equipment to achieve accurate and predictable transmission of data frames.) and classifies the data priority according to the time slots of existing wireless resources. By configuring the entry gating, exit gating, entry measurement and output shaping logic, the latency of deterministic data in wireless channel resources can be controlled.

[0122] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method for performing deterministic data processing based on wireless resources is:

[0123] Data reception: According to the Ethernet type, identify deterministic data and non-deterministic messages, add head and tail identification bits, and if it is a PTP message (Precision Time Protocol is a network protocol used to achieve high-precision time synchronization between different devices in the network. PTP can provide sub-microsecond time synchronization accuracy and meet the needs of many real-time applications for precise time control), record its receiving timestamp;

[0124] Frame processing: allocates an idle ID for the receive message buffer queue, constructs a message descriptor, and specifies the method of wireless resource allocation in the descriptor;

[0125] Message supervision: supervision is performed based on the relationship between the number of free buffer IDs in the message set buffer and the bandwidth reservation message supervision threshold, and the supervision results are reported to the upper-level management module;

[0126] Input buffer interface: converts the received buffer ID into the actual address of the message buffer and writes the message into the centralized buffer area;

[0127] Cache maintenance: Maintain the remaining cache IDs in the cache area, allocate free cache IDs to each input interface, and reclaim the occupied cache IDs from each output interface;

[0128] Enqueue control: In 802.1Qbv scheduling mode, the message descriptor is written to the corresponding queue according to the message type;

[0129] In 802.1Qch scheduling mode, the queue to which the deterministic message descriptor is written is determined by the parity of the current wireless channel time slot, and the queue to which the non-deterministic message descriptor is written is determined by the message type;

[0130] Maintain the tail address of each queue, and update the corresponding queue tail address every time a message descriptor is received;

[0131] Enqueue management: Use 8 queues to cache descriptors of different types of messages, and search for the descriptors of each queue based on a linked list;

[0132] Queue gating: caches all gating states of eight queues in a scheduling cycle and reads out the queue gating states in each idle time slot of the wireless channel;

[0133] Output scheduling: Schedule 8 queues according to queue status, queue gating status, and queue priority, and read out the message descriptors in the queues;

[0134] Maintain the first address of each queue and use the message cache ID of the scheduled output as the new first address of the corresponding queue;

[0135] Wireless channel transmission: convert the received message buffer ID into the CQF base address, read the message from the centralized buffer area, and pass the message buffer ID to the message CQF for release;

[0136] For the PTP message, calculate its transmission time in the switching logic and add it to the PTP message transparent clock domain.

[0137] In a preferred solution of the present invention, a CQF sending method of wireless channel resources and data based on CUNOS is as follows:

[0138] The inconsistency between the time when the deterministic data flow flows into 5G-RAN and the time when the idle time slot is adjusted through the cache queue, and the forwarding model of CQF is adopted. Based on the radio resource input gating table and output gating table (such as PSFP and EST (Enhanced Scheduled Traffic, Enhanced Scheduled Traffic; EST is an important component in TSN technology, which aims to provide accurate time scheduling and traffic shaping for network traffic, ensuring that time-sensitive data flows can be transmitted in a deterministic manner within a predetermined time) mechanism. Figure 4 As shown), the control queue opens the input of T0 to receive the deterministic code stream at the even time of the time slot and closes the output of the T0 queue; the opposite operation is performed at the odd time, opening the input of the T1 queue to receive the deterministic code stream and closing the output of the T1 queue;

[0139] At the idle time slot of the wireless channel, the T0 and T1 queues can ensure that one queue is in a state of input closed and output open, and the queue outputting the data of the selected queue is output to the idle time slot of the wireless resource, thereby completing the adaptation of the deterministic data to the wireless resource time slot.

[0140] Preferably, wireless resources are adjusted according to different levels to give priority to high-priority data transmission, and in the time slot allocation of wireless resources, the Q7-Q0 priority is used for time slot queuing, among which Q7 has the highest priority, corresponding to different types and priorities of deterministic code streams, and idle time slots are allocated to them.

[0141] In a preferred solution of the present invention, redundant data packets are transmitted between the UPF and the user terminal through two independent N3 tunnels and two RAN nodes, and the specific method is as follows:

[0142] The same PDU is transmitted through M-RAN and S-RAN nodes, which use different transport layer paths on the user plane for redundant data transmission;

[0143] SMF (Session Management Function, SMF is a key component in the 5G core network, responsible for session management functions. The role of SMF in the 5G network is similar to the combination of SGW (Serving Gateway) and PGW (PDN Gateway) in the 4G network, but is implemented in a more efficient and modular way) provides different routing information in the tunnel information through the SR-TE controller. The forwarders between the M-RAN and S-RAN nodes and the UPF control the transmission of messages in non-intersecting transport layer paths according to the label stack;

[0144] For DL ​​services, UPF copies the data packets to be sent to generate redundant transmission copies and includes the same sequence number in the header of the copies. M-RAN and S-RAN receive data packets from UPF and send them to the user terminal UE. The two packets received by UE from M-RAN and S-RAN carry the same sequence number, and duplicate packets are eliminated based on the sequence number.

[0145] For UL services, the UE duplicates packets and assigns them the same sequence number for redundant transmission, where one packet is transmitted to the M-RAN and the other is sent to the S-RAN. The UPF eliminates duplicate packets based on the sequence number in the header;

[0146] Based on the CUNOS FRR module, a highly reliable signaling route is constructed, specifically:

[0147] From the base station side to the core network gateway, it includes access ring, aggregation ring and core ring, among which aggregation can be subdivided into two layers: access aggregation and backbone aggregation. Among them, UPE (User-end Provider Edge) is directly connected to the base station, SPE (Superstratum Provider Edge) aggregates the traffic of UPE and transmits it to the upper core node, and completes the data transmission between different access rings, and NPE (Network Provider Edge) is connected to EPC and other core network element devices.

[0148] Through the L3VPN service module of CUNOS, the L3VPN signaling tunnel is bound to the UPE. The UPE is deployed to the SR-TP tunnel of the active and standby SPE, and the tunnel is bound to the L3VPN signaling service. The SPE is deployed to the SR-TP tunnel of the active and standby NPE, and the tunnel is bound to the L3VPN signaling service. The SR-TP tunnel is deployed between the NPE protection pairs, and the tunnel is bound to the L3VPN signaling service. Through the L3VPN routing diffusion domain, a fullmesh (full mesh, that is, all nodes are directly connected) service relationship is formed.

[0149] The signaling link protection is achieved by configuring the AMF connected to the 5GC through CUNOS's FRR (Fast Reroute). VPNFRR is used in the L3VPN network, and the device automatically generates FRR protection based on high and low priority routes with the same destination and different next hops.

[0150] In a preferred solution of the present invention, in the deterministic slice signaling support, the system sets a slice to support the communication service, the user terminal selects the deterministic PDU session, the system selects the RAN slice and AMF that support the communication, and the signaling supports frame duplication and reliability elimination, and the specific steps are:

[0151] Set an S-NSSAI (Single Network Slice Selection Assistance Information, which is used to support network slicing technology. The main function of S-NSSAI is to provide guidance on network slice selection for user equipment (UE) in 5G networks. When the UE tries to establish a connection, S-NSSAI acts as an identifier to help the UE determine which network slice it should connect to. In this way, each slice can handle the corresponding traffic according to its predefined service characteristics (such as bandwidth, latency, reliability, etc.)) communication service with the user terminal UE, and notify the base station of specific data transmission standards; the UE selects the Requested NSSAI (Requested Network Slice Selection Assistance Information, which is a concept in 5G network slicing. It refers to the set of network slices that the user equipment (UE) expects to use when trying to establish a network connection. These slice sets consist of one or more S-NSSAI (single network slice selection assistance information), each S-NSSAI represents a specific network slice instance) and the deterministic PDU session to be established, and selects the RAN slice and AMF that support communication;

[0152] In the frame duplication and reliability elimination signaling support, the AMF remains unchanged, and the SMF determines whether redundant transmission needs to be activated for the QoS flow based on the local policy of the S-NSSAI;

[0153] When the SMF allocates CN tunnel information, it provides tunnel information for the two tunnels of the redundant transmission path, the SMF instructs the UPF to duplicate the downlink packet data and send the duplicate packets to the two N3 tunnels, and instructs the UPF to eliminate duplicate uplink packets;

[0154] When the UPF allocates tunnel information, it provides tunnel information for the two tunnels of the redundant transmission path, the UPF duplicates the downlink packets according to the sequence number in the header and sends the duplicate packets to the two N3 tunnels, and eliminates the duplicate uplink packets;

[0155] RAN supports redundant transmission through an architecture with two N3 tunnels. RAN combines dual connection settings and establishment or modification of radio bearers during session management. UE copies uplink packets and eliminates downlink packets for communication. UE determines whether to copy uplink packets for communication flows based on the communication profile of the service (TSN Profile, which refers to a set of predefined parameters and settings that guide network devices on how to behave in a time-sensitive network environment. These profiles define how network devices should be configured to meet specific quality of service (QoS) requirements and ensure that the transmission of critical data flows in the network is deterministic and reliable). At the same time, UE supports replication and elimination protocols.

[0156] Frame Replication and Reliability Elimination (FRER) replicates data frames through multiple nodes, providing multiple paths to the destination.

[0157] In a preferred solution of the present invention, the TSN network resource bandwidth is relatively abundant, while the wireless resources of 5G-RAN are limited. Therefore, the wireless resources of the base station are notified in real time to the 5G local network and the 5G core network network elements (such as UPF) that need the real-time status of the wireless resources, so that the 5G network elements can dynamically generate deterministic strategies based on the real-time status of the wireless resources and reasonably arrange deterministic data services. Using the Telemetry module of CUNOS, the communication node sends wireless resource dynamic information and clock information Telemetry, and regularly obtains clock information from O-CU to O-DU. The specific method is:

[0158] Telemtry is divided into four modules: data source, data generation, data subscription and data push.

[0159] O-CU uses the YANG model to define the current status of wireless resources based on wireless resource scheduling;

[0160] The network elements of the 5G local network and the 5G core network that need the real-time status of wireless resources subscribe to the wireless resource status message from the related 5G-RAN. Based on gRPC or UDP, 5G-RAN pushes messages to the network elements of the 5G local network and the 5G core network that need the real-time status of wireless resources. gRPC pushes messages by establishing a gRPC tunnel. UDP push pushes data by establishing a UDP tunnel, which changes from one-to-one to many-to-one tunnel establishment.

[0161] The Telemetry module is applied to the O-CU to periodically obtain clock information from the O-DU and form SIB9 clock configuration information for broadcast.

[0162] The present invention also provides a deterministic base station system based on the method of the present invention, such as Figure 2 As shown, it includes 5G core network, mobile deterministic terminal, local industrial communication network and UPF. The 5G core network is electrically connected to the local industrial communication network through UPF, and the mobile deterministic terminal is electrically connected to UPF and 5G core network through M-RAN (Master RAN) and S-RAN (Secondary RAN) respectively.

[0163] The present invention aims at typical scenarios such as fully connected factories with deterministic data requirements, and realizes deterministic data transmission in local areas without the need for deterministic upgrades of the entire 5G network. It solves the urgent needs of users for deterministic data transmission during the period of rapid development and change of 5G deterministic technology, cultivates the 5G deterministic application market, and promotes the deterministic evolution of 5G.

[0164] The use of white box programmable methods to achieve deterministic support for 5G base stations, core equipment in typical scenarios such as fully connected factories, can not only meet the rapid development of deterministic technology through the upgrade of software modules, but also based on the white box method, it can customize and expand deterministic data transmission according to the needs of different areas of the fully connected factory. In conjunction with UPF and local industrial networks, local wireless and wired networks can support determinism, which has the advantages of low investment and short implementation cycle.

[0165] The present invention has positive significance for promoting the cultivation of the deterministic market of 5G, adapting to the rapid evolution of 5G deterministic technology, meeting the urgent demand for deterministic technology in application scenarios such as fully connected factories, and promoting the development of 5G technology.

[0166] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0167] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A deterministic base station establishment method based on a white box architecture, characterized in that: The steps include: Based on the CU function of the O-RAN architecture, the time broadcast and synchronization, time slot allocation and scheduling, congestion control, and traffic management functions required for deterministic transmission are expanded; based on the hardware structure of the white box device universal operating system CUNOS, a hardware plug-in card is added. The plug-in card is based on a field programmable gate array and consists of two pipelines, namely the wireless resource pipeline and the deterministic communication pipeline, which respectively realize the deterministic mapping function of wireless resources and the logical function of deterministic communication; the CUNOS system architecture includes the application layer, the business logic layer, the intermediate adaptation layer, the hardware driver layer, and the system layer. The application layer accepts the unified management of open network devices by the high-level network through the interface with the external operation and maintenance center OMC. The business logic layer completes the business logic functions corresponding to the application layer. The intermediate adaptation layer completes the conversion and adaptation between the upper and lower layer functions. The hardware driver layer performs software driving on the underlying hardware components. The base station uses the 1588 module of CUNOS as high-level logic to perform deterministic clock synchronization, and the underlying hardware card implements the gPTP generalized clock synchronization protocol function of IEEE802.1AS; the base station clock broadcast broadcasts clock information to the user terminal through SIB9, and the user terminal synchronizes the local clock according to the clock information in SIB9; using the Telemetry module of CUNOS, the base station sends wireless resource dynamic information and clock information Telemetry, and regularly obtains clock information from O-CU to O-DU; Redundant data packets are transmitted between the UPF and the user terminal through two independent N3 tunnels and two RAN nodes. For DL ​​services, the UPF copies the sent data packets to generate redundant transmission copies, and the user terminal eliminates duplicate packets based on the sequence number; In deterministic slice signaling support, the base station sets a slice to support communication services, the user terminal selects a deterministic protocol data unit PDU session, the base station selects the RAN slice and AMF that support the communication, and the signaling supports frame duplication and reliability elimination; In deterministic slice signaling support, the base station sets a slice to support communication services, the user terminal selects a deterministic protocol data unit PDU session, the base station selects the RAN slice and AMF that support communication, and the signaling supports frame replication and reliability elimination. The specific steps are: Set up an S-NSSAI to communicate with the user terminal UE and inform the base station of the data transmission standard; the UE selects the Requested NSSAI that supports the communication and the deterministic PDU session to be established, and selects the RAN slice and AMF that support the communication; In the frame duplication and reliability elimination signaling support, the AMF remains unchanged, and the SMF determines whether redundant transmission needs to be activated for the QoS flow based on the local policy of the S-NSSAI; When the SMF allocates CN tunnel information, it provides tunnel information for the two tunnels of the redundant transmission path, the SMF instructs the UPF to duplicate the downlink packet data and send the duplicate packets to the two N3 tunnels, and instructs the UPF to eliminate duplicate uplink packets; When the UPF allocates tunnel information, it provides tunnel information for the two tunnels of the redundant transmission path, the UPF duplicates the downlink packets according to the sequence number in the header and sends the duplicate packets to the two N3 tunnels, and eliminates the duplicate uplink packets; The RAN supports redundant transmission through an architecture with two N3 tunnels. The RAN combines dual connectivity setup and establishment or modification of radio bearers during session management. The UE replicates uplink packets and eliminates downlink packets for communication. The UE determines whether to replicate uplink packets for a communication flow based on the communication profile of the service. The UE supports replication and elimination protocols. Using the Telemetry module of CUNOS, the base station sends wireless resource dynamic information and clock information Telemetry, and periodically obtains clock information from the O-CU to the O-DU. The specific method is as follows: O-CU uses the YANG model to define the current status of wireless resources based on wireless resource scheduling; The network elements of the 5G local network and the 5G core network that need the real-time status of wireless resources subscribe to the wireless resource status message from the related 5G-RAN. Based on gRPC or UDP, 5G-RAN pushes messages to the network elements of the 5G local network and the 5G core network that need the real-time status of wireless resources. gRPC pushes messages by establishing a gRPC tunnel. UDP push pushes data by establishing a UDP tunnel, which changes from one-to-one to many-to-one tunnel establishment. The Telemetry module is applied to the O-CU to periodically obtain clock information from the O-DU and form SIB9 clock configuration information for broadcast.

2. The deterministic base station establishment method based on white box architecture according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the CU function of the O-RAN architecture, the time broadcast and synchronization, time slot allocation and scheduling, congestion control, and traffic management are extended. The specific steps are as follows: Time broadcast and synchronization: The base station itself acts as a node in the communication network, and the communication equipment connected to the network interface uses the IEEE 802.1AS protocol to achieve high-precision time synchronization, ensuring accurate transmission and coordination of data reception and transmission; As the clock source in the coverage area, the 5G base station broadcasts the clock through the broadcast channel and provides TSN clocks for wireless terminals; Timeslot allocation and scheduling: CU combines timeslot management and wireless channel resource management to schedule and manage data according to the transmission requirements of communication sessions, and reasonably allocates data to connected DUs and RUs to ensure the transmission quality of real-time and time-sensitive data; Through the time slot allocation of the communication link between CU and DU, the time slice is allocated according to the transmission requirements and priority of each PDU session, and the time slot scheduling completes the allocation and occupation of the time slot in DU and RU; Congestion control: 5G base stations process both non-deterministic and deterministic data. CUs need to monitor and control wireless resources and data transmission status at each node in real time to prevent overload and packet loss. Traffic management: CU prioritizes and schedules deterministic and non-deterministic traffic sent and received through wireless channel resources to ensure high-priority transmission of deterministic time-sensitive data; CU classifies data by setting different service types and traffic characteristics to ensure low-latency and high-reliability transmission of key data; The wireless resource scheduling is performed by using the IEEE 802.1Qbv polling scheduling protocol to allocate and manage wireless channel resources, thereby ensuring the transmission of periodic data in the wireless channel and providing protection for delay-sensitive flows.

3. The deterministic base station establishment method based on white box architecture according to claim 1, characterized in that: Add a hardware plug-in card. The plug-in card is based on a field programmable gate array and consists of two pipelines, namely a wireless resource pipeline and a deterministic communication pipeline. The methods for implementing the deterministic mapping function of wireless resources and the logical function of deterministic communication are as follows: Deterministic data processing based on wireless resources, including data receiving module, frame processing, message supervision, input buffer interface, buffer maintenance, queue control, queue management, queue gating, output scheduling, and wireless channel transmission; Wireless deterministic transmission combines wireless resource management and the dynamic changes of wireless channel time slots to manage the transmitted data. The base station manages the output interface of CQF through a circular queue forwarding. It classifies the data priority according to the time slots of existing wireless resources. By configuring entry gating, exit gating, entry measurement and output shaping logic, the delay of deterministic data in wireless channel resources can be controlled.

4. The deterministic base station establishment method based on white box architecture according to claim 3, characterized in that: The method for deterministic data processing based on wireless resources is: Data reception: According to the Ethernet type, identify deterministic data and non-deterministic messages, add head and tail identification bits, and if it is a PTP message, record its receiving timestamp; Frame processing: allocates an idle ID for the receive message buffer queue, constructs a message descriptor, and specifies the method of wireless resource allocation in the descriptor; Message supervision: supervision is performed based on the relationship between the number of free buffer IDs in the message set buffer and the bandwidth reservation message supervision threshold, and the supervision results are reported to the upper-level management module; Input buffer interface: converts the received buffer ID into the actual address of the message buffer and writes the message into the centralized buffer area; Cache maintenance: Maintain the remaining buffer IDs in the buffer area, allocate free buffer IDs to each input interface, and reclaim the occupied buffer IDs from each output interface; Enqueue control: In 802.1Qbv scheduling mode, the message descriptor is written to the corresponding queue according to the message type; In 802.1Qch scheduling mode, the queue to which the deterministic message descriptor is written is determined by the parity of the current wireless channel time slot, and the queue to which the non-deterministic message descriptor is written is determined by the message type; Maintain the tail address of each queue, and update the corresponding queue tail address every time a message descriptor is received; Enqueue management: Use 8 queues to cache descriptors of different types of messages, and search for the descriptors of each queue based on a linked list; Queue gating: caches all gating states of eight queues in a scheduling cycle and reads out the queue gating states in each idle time slot of the wireless channel; Output scheduling: Schedule 8 queues according to queue status, queue gating status, and queue priority, and read out the message descriptors in the queues; Maintain the first address of each queue and use the message cache ID of the scheduled output as the new first address of the corresponding queue; Wireless channel transmission: convert the received message buffer ID into the circular queue forwarding CQF base address, read the message from the centralized buffer area, and pass the message buffer ID to the message CQF for release; For the PTP message, calculate its transmission time in the switching logic and add it to the PTP message transparent clock domain.

5. The deterministic base station establishment method based on white box architecture as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: When the base station manages the output interface of CQF through circular queue forwarding, the method of CQF sending the wireless channel resources and data based on CUNOS is as follows: The inconsistency between the time when the deterministic data flow flows into 5G-RAN and the time when the idle time slot is adjusted through the cache queue. The forwarding model of CQF is adopted. Based on the wireless resource input gating table and output gating table defined by the packet forward control protocol PSFP and the enhanced scheduling traffic EST mechanism, the control queue opens the input of T0 to receive the deterministic code stream at the even time of the time slot and closes the output of the T0 queue; the opposite operation is performed at the odd time, opening the input of the T1 queue to receive the deterministic code stream and closing the output of the T1 queue; At the idle time slot of the wireless channel, the T0 and T1 queues can ensure that one queue is in a state of input closed and output open, and the queue outputting the data of the selected queue is output to the idle time slot of the wireless resource, thereby completing the adaptation of the deterministic data to the wireless resource time slot.

6. The deterministic base station establishment method based on white box architecture according to claim 3, characterized in that: Wireless resources are adjusted according to different levels to give priority to high-priority data transmission. In the time slot allocation of wireless resources, the Q7-Q0 priority is used for time slot queues, among which Q7 has the highest priority, corresponding to different types and priorities of deterministic code streams, and idle time slots are allocated to them.

7. The deterministic base station establishment method based on white box architecture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The UPF and the user terminal use two independent N3 tunnels and two RAN nodes, RAN is the radio access network, to transmit redundant data packets. The specific method is as follows: The same PDU is transmitted through the primary radio access network M-RAN and the secondary radio access network S-RAN nodes. The M-RAN and S-RAN nodes use different transport layer paths on the user plane for redundant data transmission. The SMF provides different routing information in the tunnel information through the SR-TE controller. The forwarders between the M-RAN and S-RAN nodes and the UPF control the transmission of messages in disjoint transport layer paths based on the label stack. For DL ​​services, UPF copies the data packets to be sent to generate redundant transmission copies and includes the same sequence number in the header of the copies. M-RAN and S-RAN receive data packets from UPF and send them to the user terminal UE. The two packets received by UE from M-RAN and S-RAN carry the same sequence number, and duplicate packets are eliminated based on the sequence number. For UL services, the UE duplicates packets and assigns them the same sequence number for redundant transmission, where one packet is transmitted to the M-RAN and the other is sent to the S-RAN. The UPF eliminates duplicate packets based on the sequence number in the header; Based on the FRR module of CUNOS, signaling routing is constructed.

8. A deterministic base station system based on the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: Including 5G core network, mobile deterministic terminals, local industrial communication network and UPF; The 5G core network is connected to the local industrial communication network through UPF, and the mobile deterministic terminal is connected to UPF and 5G core network respectively through M-RAN and S-RAN.

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