A rear-exit type cortical bone-removing drill with a variable diameter ring

Abstract

The present invention provides a rear-exit type cortical bone variable diameter annular bone extraction drill, comprising a cutting tube and a positioning rod inserted in the cutting tube, the cutting end of the cutting tube is provided with a cutting edge along the circumferential direction, the positioning end of the positioning rod is protrudingly provided outside the cutting end of the cutting tube, a cutting tube large diameter section is provided inside the cutting tube, a cutting tube small diameter section is provided inside the cutting end of the cutting tube, and the inner diameter of the cutting tube large diameter section is greater than the inner diameter of the cutting tube small diameter section, and a threaded section is axially provided on one side of the positioning rod close to the positioning end; the present invention increases the stability when bone tissue is extracted, and avoids problems such as bone tissue slipping out of the cutting tube or being difficult to remove.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of bone extraction trephine drills, in particular to a rear-exit type cortical bone-removing trephine drill with variable diameter. Background Art

[0002] The bone trephine is a common medical device widely used in orthopedic surgery. When taking out bones, the bone trephine is driven by a motor to rotate and make holes in the bone tissue, thereby taking out the bone tissue. The existing bone trephine drill is generally equipped with a cutting barrel, and the bone tissue is passed through the rotating cutting barrel, so that the bone tissue is cut and inserted into the cutting barrel during the rotation of the cutting barrel, so that the bone tissue can be taken out from the cutting barrel.

[0003] However, since the outer layer of bone tissue is high-density and hard cortical bone and the inner layer is low-density cancellous bone, the existing bone extraction operation generally requires using a pilot drill to open the cortical bone, and then using a bone extraction ring drill to perform rotary cutting. This method firstly causes a waste of cortical bone, and secondly, the root of the cancellous bone in the sleeve is not severed. When the sleeve is taken out, part or all of the cancellous bone strips cannot be taken out with the sleeve.

[0004] If the cortical bone and cancellous bone are taken at the same time, the inner wall of the cutting tube is easily stuck in the inner cavity of the cutting tube by the hard cortical bone tissue when the cortical bone is cut by the trephine, so that the cancellous bone tissue will encounter resistance from the upper cortical bone when entering the cutting tube. If the bone tissue is pressed into the cutting tube by external force (pressing the electric drill by hand), the cancellous bone tissue will be tightly compacted in the cutting tube and the bone tissue cannot be removed from the sleeve. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a rear-exit type cortical bone reducing annular bone drill which can increase the stability of bone tissue extraction and prevent the bone tissue from slipping out of a cutting tube or being difficult to be removed from a sleeve.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a rear-exit type cortical bone variable diameter annular bone drill, comprising a cutting tube and a positioning rod inserted in the cutting tube, the cutting end of the cutting tube is provided with a cutting edge along the circumferential direction, the positioning end of the positioning rod is protrudingly provided on the outside of the cutting end of the cutting tube, a large diameter section of the cutting tube is provided on the inner side of the cutting tube, a small diameter section of the cutting tube is provided on the inner side of the cutting end of the cutting tube, and the inner diameter of the large diameter section of the cutting tube is greater than the inner diameter of the small diameter section of the cutting tube, and a threaded section is axially provided on the side of the positioning rod close to the positioning end.

[0007] Furthermore, a flange is arranged on the outer periphery of the positioning rod, and a discharge port is provided at one end of the cutting cylinder away from the cutting end, a transmission groove is arranged inside the discharge port, and the flange matches the transmission groove.

[0008] Furthermore, a detachable sleeve on the outer periphery of the discharge port is provided with a locking piece, and the locking piece and the transmission groove limit the two sides of the flange respectively.

[0009] Furthermore, a cutting tube transition section is provided between the large diameter section of the cutting tube and the small diameter section of the cutting tube.

[0010] Furthermore, the positioning rod is provided with a positioning rod small diameter section along the axial direction, and the positioning rod small diameter section is located between the flange and the threaded section.

[0011] Furthermore, a positioning rod transition section is provided between the positioning rod small diameter section and the threaded section, and the positioning rod transition section corresponds to the cutting tube large diameter section.

[0012] Furthermore, a plurality of through holes are provided on the outer circumference of the cutting tube, and the through holes penetrate from the outer side of the cutting tube to the inner side of the cutting tube.

[0013] Furthermore, the end of the positioning rod away from the positioning end has a transmission plane, and a ball groove is opened along the circumferential direction on one side of the transmission plane.

[0014] Furthermore, the angle between the transition section of the cutting tube and the large diameter section of the cutting tube is 120°-150°.

[0015] Furthermore, the angle between the positioning rod transition section and the positioning rod small diameter section is 120°-150°.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the positioning rod is pressed against the position where the bone needs to be cut and taken for positioning, and then the cutting tube is driven to rotate synchronously by the positioning rod, so that the cutting edge performs circular cutting on the bone taking position, and after the cortical bone is cut and enters the cutting end of the cutting tube, the cutting tube continues to cut downward, so that the cancellous bone pushes the cortical bone. Since the cortical bone is located in the small diameter section of the cutting tube, the cortical bone will enter the large diameter section of the cutting tube when pushed, and by the setting mode that the inner diameter of the large diameter section of the cutting tube is larger than the inner diameter of the small diameter section of the cutting tube, the cortical bone will not be stuck on the inner side of the cutting end of the cutting tube, thereby avoiding the situation where the cortical bone is difficult to enter the cutting tube, and at the same time, after both the cortical bone and the cancellous bone enter the inner side of the cutting tube, the bone tissue in the tube can be limited to a certain extent by the small diameter section of the cutting tube, so as to avoid the situation where the bone tissue slides out of the tube after the cutting tube is pulled out. By taking bones in the above manner, the cortical bone can be effectively utilized, and the problem of the cutting tube that is difficult for bone tissue to enter or take out can be avoided.

[0017] It is worth mentioning that since the inner side of the cutting tube has a small diameter section, in order to prevent cortical bone and other bone tissue from passing through the small diameter section into the tube, the present solution also provides a threaded section on one side of the positioning end of the positioning rod. When the positioning rod is rotated to remove bones, the bone tissue can be transported and pulled through the threaded section to improve the smoothness of the bone tissue passing through the large diameter section of the cutting tube. Furthermore, since the threaded section rotates with the positioning rod during the bone removal process, the bone tissue can be transported inward through the threaded section while being prevented from slipping and flowing back. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 It is an installation schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the positioning rod in the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the cutting cylinder in the present invention.

[0023] Figure numerals: 1. cutting cylinder; 2. positioning rod; 3. cutting edge; 4. large diameter section of cutting cylinder; 5. small diameter section of cutting cylinder; 6. threaded section; 7. flange; 8. discharge port; 9. transmission groove; 10. locking piece; 11. transition section of cutting cylinder; 12. small diameter section of positioning rod; 13. transition section of positioning rod; 14. through hole; 15. transmission plane; 16. ball groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Those skilled in the art should understand that, in the disclosure of the present invention, the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc. are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, the above terms should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0026] It is to be understood that the term "one" should be understood as "at least one" or "one or more", that is, in one embodiment, the number of an element may be one, while in another embodiment, the number of the element may be multiple, and the term "one" should not be understood as a limitation on the quantity.

[0027] like Figure 1-5 The present invention provides a rear-exit type variable diameter annular bone drill with cortical bone, comprising a cutting tube 1 and a positioning rod 2 inserted in the cutting tube 1, the cutting end of the cutting tube 1 is provided with a cutting edge 3 along the circumferential direction, the positioning end of the positioning rod 2 is protrudingly provided outside the cutting end of the cutting tube 1, a cutting tube large diameter section 4 is provided on the inner side of the cutting tube 1, a cutting tube small diameter section 5 is provided on the inner side of the cutting end of the cutting tube 1, and the inner diameter of the cutting tube large diameter section 4 is greater than the inner diameter of the cutting tube small diameter section 5, and a threaded section 6 is axially provided on the side of the positioning rod 2 close to the positioning end.

[0028] The positioning rod is placed against the desired bone cutting position for positioning, and then the cutting tube is driven to rotate synchronously by the positioning rod, so that the cutting edge performs circular cutting on the bone removal position. After the cortical bone is cut and enters the cutting end of the cutting tube, the cutting tube continues to cut downward, so that the cancellous bone pushes the cortical bone. Since the cortical bone is located in the small diameter section of the cutting tube, the cortical bone will enter the large diameter section of the cutting tube when pushed, and the inner diameter of the large diameter section of the cutting tube is set larger than the inner diameter of the small diameter section of the cutting tube, so that the cortical bone will not be stuck on the inner side of the cutting end of the cutting tube, thereby avoiding the situation where the cortical bone is difficult to enter the cutting tube. At the same time, after both the cortical bone and the cancellous bone enter the inner side of the cutting tube, the small diameter section of the cutting tube can be used to limit the bone tissue in the tube to a certain extent, so as to avoid the situation where the bone tissue slides out of the tube after the cutting tube is pulled out. Bone removal by the above method can make effective use of the cortical bone and avoid the problem of the cutting tube that is difficult for bone tissue to enter or remove.

[0029] It is worth mentioning that since the inner side of the cutting tube has a small diameter section, in order to prevent cortical bone and other bone tissue from passing through the small diameter section into the tube, the present solution also provides a threaded section on one side of the positioning end of the positioning rod. When the positioning rod is rotated to remove bones, the bone tissue can be transported and pulled through the threaded section to improve the smoothness of the bone tissue passing through the large diameter section of the cutting tube. Furthermore, since the threaded section rotates with the positioning rod during the bone removal process, the bone tissue can be transported inward through the threaded section while being prevented from slipping and flowing back.

[0030] The side of the positioning rod away from the positioning end is connected to the motor, and the motor controls the positioning rod to rotate, thereby ensuring that the positioning rod can stably control the cutting cylinder to perform circular cutting.

[0031] It is worth mentioning that the positioning end of the positioning rod has a cutter head structure to ensure that the positioning rod can be accurately positioned and does not slip; at least three groups of cutting edges are provided at the end of the cutting tube.

[0032] Preferably, a flange 7 is provided on the outer periphery of the positioning rod 2 , and a discharge port 8 is provided at one end of the cutting cylinder 1 away from the cutting end. A transmission groove 9 is provided inside the discharge port 8 , and the flange 7 matches the transmission groove 9 .

[0033] Specifically, by matching the flange with the transmission groove, the positioning rod can drive the cutting barrel to rotate and switch through the transmission groove when it rotates. After the bone removal is completed, the cutting barrel is pulled out of the bone tissue position. At this time, the positioning rod is taken out from the discharge port on one side of the cutting barrel, and the bone tissue is driven synchronously, so that the bone tissue can be removed from the discharge port away from the small diameter section of the cutting barrel for bone removal, thereby avoiding the situation where the bone tissue is limited by the small diameter section of the cutting barrel, resulting in difficulty in bone removal.

[0034] At the same time, due to the setting of the transmission groove, when the positioning rod is installed from the discharge port to the inner side of the cutting tube, the position of the positioning rod can be positioned by matching the transmission groove and the flange to ensure that the positioning end of the positioning rod can protrude outside the cutting end of the cutting tube.

[0035] The flange has at least one plane, and the transmission groove has at least one plane correspondingly. In one embodiment of the present solution, the flange and the transmission groove are both configured as a hexagonal structure.

[0036] Preferably, a locking member 10 is detachably sleeved on the outer periphery of the discharge port 8 , and the locking member 10 and the transmission groove 9 limit the two sides of the flange 7 respectively.

[0037] Specifically, after the positioning rod is installed to the inner side of the cutting tube, the locking piece is installed to one side of the flange, so that the locking piece and the transmission groove limit the two sides of the flange, thereby limiting and fixing the positioning rod. Moreover, since the locking piece is detachably connected to the outer periphery of the discharge port, when removing bones and removing the positioning rod, the positioning rod can be conveniently removed and the bone tissue can be removed by removing the locking piece.

[0038] In one embodiment of the present scheme, the locking member may adopt a locking nut structure, which is connected to the outer periphery of the discharge port through a thread, and the positioning rod passes through the locking nut position to ensure that the positioning rod can be connected to the motor in transmission.

[0039] Among them, the outer periphery of the locking nut is provided with a pattern to increase the stability when the locking nut is twisted; in the preferred embodiment of the present scheme, the outer periphery of the locking nut is provided with at least two planes so that when the locking nut is disassembled, it can be assisted by tools such as a wrench.

[0040] Preferably, a cutting barrel transition section 11 is provided between the cutting barrel large diameter section 4 and the cutting barrel small diameter section 5 .

[0041] Specifically, by setting the transition section of the cutting tube, bone tissue can more easily enter the large diameter section of the cutting tube, and avoid the bone tissue being stuck between the large diameter section and the small diameter section.

[0042] In a preferred embodiment of the present solution, the angle between the cutting tube transition section 11 and the cutting tube large diameter section 4 is 120°-150°.

[0043] Preferably, the positioning rod 2 is axially provided with a positioning rod small diameter section 12 , and the positioning rod small diameter section 12 is located between the flange 7 and the threaded section 6 .

[0044] Specifically, after the bone tissue is transported by the threaded section, the bone tissue enters the large diameter section of the cutting tube, so that the bone tissue can increase the storage space through the large diameter section of the cutting tube. At the same time, due to the setting of the small diameter section of the positioning rod, when the bone tissue is stored to a certain amount, the bone tissue enters the position between the large diameter section of the cutting tube and the small diameter section of the positioning rod, and then the storage space is further increased through the small diameter section of the positioning rod. Moreover, since the storage space above the threaded section is further increased, the threaded section can also drive the bone tissue into the cutting tube more stably and smoothly.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment of the present solution, the difference in cross-sectional area between the large-diameter section of the cutting tube and the small-diameter section of the cutting tube is greater than the cross-sectional area of ​​the small-diameter section of the positioning rod.

[0046] Preferably, a positioning rod transition section 13 is provided between the positioning rod small diameter section 12 and the threaded section 6 , and the positioning rod transition section 13 corresponds to the cutting tube large diameter section 4 .

[0047] Specifically, through the setting of the positioning rod transition section, bone tissue can more easily enter the small diameter section of the positioning rod along the positioning rod transition section, and because the positioning rod transition section corresponds to the large diameter section of the cutting tube, the corresponding positions of the positioning rod transition section and the large diameter section of the cutting tube form a limit, and then the bone tissue on the inner side of the cutting tube is limited for the second time through this position. Combined with the limit of the small diameter section of the cutting tube, the risk of bone tissue slipping can be further avoided.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment of the present solution, the angle between the positioning rod transition section 13 and the positioning rod small diameter section 12 is 120°-150°.

[0049] Preferably, a plurality of through holes 14 are formed on the outer circumference of the cutting cylinder 1 , and the through holes 14 penetrate from the outer side of the cutting cylinder 1 to the inner side of the cutting cylinder 1 .

[0050] Specifically, through the provision of the through hole, when the cutting tube is cutting and removing bone tissue, the bone removal position can be effectively cooled and dissipated through the through hole, and when removing bone tissue in the cutting tube, the through hole can be used to assist in removing the bone tissue.

[0051] Preferably, the end of the positioning rod 2 away from the positioning end has a transmission plane 15, and a ball groove 16 is opened along the circumferential direction on one side of the transmission plane 15.

[0052] Specifically, the output end of the motor is connected to one end of the positioning rod with a transmission plane, so that the output end of the motor can form a transmission connection with the positioning rod through the transmission plane. At the same time, due to the setting of the ball groove, the end of the positioning tube can be limited by the ball bearing.

[0053] The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned optimal implementation mode. Anyone can derive other various forms of products under the inspiration of the present invention. However, no matter what changes are made in the shape or structure, all technical solutions that are the same or similar to those of the present application fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rear-exit type cortical bone-removing annular drill with variable diameter, characterized in that: The invention comprises a cutting tube (1) and a positioning rod (2) inserted into the cutting tube (1); the cutting end of the cutting tube (1) is provided with a cutting edge (3) along the circumferential direction; the positioning end of the positioning rod (2) is protrudingly arranged outside the cutting end of the cutting tube (1); a cutting tube large diameter section (4) is arranged inside the cutting tube (1); a cutting tube small diameter section (5) is arranged inside the cutting end of the cutting tube (1); the inner diameter of the cutting tube large diameter section (4) is greater than the inner diameter of the cutting tube small diameter section (5); a cutting tube transition section (11) is arranged between the cutting tube large diameter section (4) and the cutting tube small diameter section (5); the angle between the cutting tube transition section (11) and the cutting tube large diameter section (4) is 120°-150°; and a threaded section (6) is axially arranged on one side of the positioning rod (2) close to the positioning end; The positioning rod (2) is provided with a positioning rod small diameter section (12) along the axial direction, and the positioning rod small diameter section (12) is located between the flange (7) and the threaded section (6); A positioning rod transition section (13) is provided between the positioning rod small diameter section (12) and the threaded section (6), and the positioning rod transition section (13) corresponds to the cutting tube large diameter section (4), and the angle between the positioning rod transition section (13) and the positioning rod small diameter section (12) is 120°-150°; The positioning rod is placed against the desired bone cutting position for positioning, and then the cutting tube is driven to rotate synchronously by the positioning rod, so that the cutting edge performs circular cutting on the bone removal position. After the cortical bone is cut and enters the cutting end of the cutting tube, the cutting tube continues to cut downward, so that the cancellous bone pushes the cortical bone. When the cortical bone is pushed, it will enter the large diameter section of the cutting tube. After both the cortical bone and the cancellous bone enter the inner side of the cutting tube, the bone tissue in the tube is limited to a certain extent by the small diameter section of the cutting tube.

2. The rear-exit type cortical bone-removing annular drill with variable diameter according to claim 1, characterized in that: A flange (7) is arranged on the outer periphery of the positioning rod (2), and a discharge port (8) is provided at one end of the cutting cylinder (1) away from the cutting end. A transmission groove (9) is arranged inside the discharge port (8), and the flange (7) matches the transmission groove (9).

3. The rear-exit type cortical bone-removing annular drill with variable diameter according to claim 2, characterized in that: A detachable sleeve is provided on the outer periphery of the discharge port (8) with a locking piece (10), and the locking piece (10) and the transmission groove (9) respectively limit the two sides of the flange (7).

4. The rear-exit type cortical bone-removing annular drill with variable diameter according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of through holes (14) are provided on the outer circumference of the cutting cylinder (1), and the through holes (14) penetrate from the outer side of the cutting cylinder (1) to the inner side of the cutting cylinder (1).

5. The rear-exit type cortical bone-removing annular drill with variable diameter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the positioning rod (2) away from the positioning end has a transmission plane (15), and one side of the transmission plane (15) is provided with a ball groove (16) along the circumferential direction.

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