Fixed protection component and usage method of a flexible inclinometer

Abstract

The present application relates to a fixed protection component of a flexible inclinometer and a method for using the same, wherein the fixed protection component comprises an anchoring component and a protection component; the flexible inclinometer is installed in the backfill soil layer of the dam core wall and is protected by the protection component, the protection component comprises a plurality of mutually hinged metal protection pipes and a plastic protection pipe connected in series at the tail of the metal protection pipe; the anchoring component is anchored in the concrete layer of the dam body slope and is located on the casting section of the backfill soil layer and the concrete layer, and the protection component is connected to the anchoring component; the metal protection pipe comprises a head end protection pipe, an intermediate section protection pipe and a tail end protection pipe, flexible inclinometers are arranged inside the metal protection pipe and inside the plastic protection pipe, the flexible inclinometers are flexibly connected in series, and the head end protection pipe is hingedly connected to the anchoring component; when the flexible inclinometer is arranged, the head end protection pipe is inclined upward relative to the anchoring component, and the intermediate section protection pipe, the tail end protection pipe and the plastic protection pipe are arranged horizontally in the backfill soil layer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of safety monitoring of backfill dams, and specifically, to a fixing and protecting component and a using method of a flexible inclinometer. Background Art

[0002] A flexible inclinometer is a new type of, intelligent, and three-dimensional deformation monitoring sensor suitable for various industrial applications. Its principle is to use the movement and deformation of a micro-mechanical structure to measure the electrical signal of acceleration, so as to achieve the precise measurement of external physical quantities. It measures the relative angle change between an object and the earth's surface, calculates the inclination angle of the object, and calculates it into the displacement change amount. Its core technology has been maturely applied in multiple monitoring fields, such as hydropower, railways, tunnels, slopes, tailings, foundation pits, etc., and the accuracy and stability of the data have been strictly verified.

[0003] The application fields of flexible inclinometers mainly include the following points at the present stage:

[0004] Water conservancy and hydropower projects: It can monitor the stress and strain of foundation pits, dams, and dam foundations, including dam foundation displacement, dam body displacement, reservoir dam body displacement, and foundation pit support, etc., as well as monitor the deformation of groundwater level, slopes, and support structures.

[0005] Bridge structures: Bridges are important transportation infrastructure. Flexible inclinometers can detect the deformation of bridges in real time, which is applicable to both the surface and the internal structure of the bridge body.

[0006] In addition, flexible inclinometers are also applicable to fields such as highways, railways, geological disasters, construction projects, iron towers, and wind power, etc., and have broad application prospects. Generally speaking, flexible inclinometers play an important role in the deformation monitoring of various engineering structures with their high precision, high stability, and easy installation characteristics, providing strong data support for project safety.

[0007] When a flexible inclinometer is usually installed horizontally, ordinary embedded single reinforcing bars or single expansion bolts are used to connect and fix the fixing parts. The main structural principle is to form a buried fixing kit through a special flexible tester connecting fitting + universal joint + grouting anchor head (or expansion bolt). The following are the main disadvantages of this installation method:

[0008] High installation requirements: The embedded reinforcing bars need to be installed before the concrete pouring, and precise positioning and fixing are required to ensure the accurate position of the reinforcing bars after pouring. If the installation is improper, it may lead to position deviation, affecting subsequent connection and use.

[0009] Poor adjustability: Once the steel bars are pre-embedded, their positions are basically fixed, and it is very difficult to make subsequent adjustments. If it is found that the positions of the steel bars need to be adjusted during subsequent construction, it may bring greater difficulties and costs.

[0010] Prone to damage: During the process of pouring and vibrating concrete, the pre-embedded steel bars may be damaged or deformed, affecting their use effects.

[0011] Limited bearing capacity: The bearing capacity of expansion bolts mainly depends on the friction force between them and the concrete. The magnitude of this friction force is affected by various factors such as concrete strength, hole diameter size, and installation accuracy. Therefore, the bearing capacity of expansion bolts is relatively limited and may not be suitable for situations that need to bear large forces.

[0012] Requires certain concrete quality: The installation effect of expansion bolts is greatly affected by the quality of concrete. If the concrete strength is insufficient or there are defects, it may lead to poor fixing effects of expansion bolts, and even loosening or falling off.

[0013] Requires high installation accuracy: The installation of expansion bolts needs to ensure a certain accuracy, including hole diameter size, hole depth, installation angle, etc. If the installation is improper, it may affect their fixing effects and even lead to failure.

[0014] In summary, single pre-embedded steel bars and single expansion bolt fixing points have their specific disadvantages when in use, and in the backfill dam body, due to construction such as being rolled by construction machinery, the stability and safety of the installation of the flexible inclinometer cannot be guaranteed. Summary of the Invention

[0015] The purpose of the present application is to provide a flexible inclinometer for the core wall of a backfill dam, which can effectively improve the stability and safety of the installation of the flexible inclinometer, extend its service life. The multi-section hinged metal protection pipe can not only achieve an anti-arch installation method, effectively solve the shear stress damage between the horizontal backfill soil layer and the slope concrete layer, but also effectively protect the flexible inclinometer from being squeezed and impacted by sundries such as stones and soil during the backfill process of the earth-rock dam, and protect the safe state of the flexible inclinometer.

[0016] To achieve the above purpose, in the first aspect, the present invention provides a fixed protection component for a flexible inclinometer, including an anchoring component and a protection component;

[0017] The flexible inclinometer is installed in the backfill soil layer of the dam core wall and is protected by the protection component. The protection component includes multi-section hinged metal protection pipes and a plastic protection pipe connected in series at the tail of the metal protection pipes;

[0018] The anchoring assembly is anchored in the concrete layer of the dam slope and is located on the casting section of the backfill soil layer and the concrete layer, and the protection assembly is connected to the anchoring assembly;

[0019] The metal protection pipe includes a head protection pipe, an intermediate section protection pipe, and a tail protection pipe. A flexible inclinometer is provided inside both the metal protection pipe and the plastic protection pipe. The flexible inclinometers are flexibly connected in series, and the head protection pipe is hingedly connected to the anchoring assembly;

[0020] When the flexible inclinometer is arranged, the head protection pipe extends obliquely upward relative to the anchoring assembly, and the intermediate section protection pipe, the tail protection pipe, and the plastic protection pipe are horizontally arranged in the backfill soil layer.

[0021] In an alternative embodiment, at least a part of the backfill soil layer protrudes into the concrete layer. Correspondingly, the protruding part forms a concave space and a concave section in the concrete layer. The anchoring assembly is anchored on the concave section, and the concave space in the concrete layer forms a protection box for the head protection pipe.

[0022] In an alternative embodiment, the anchoring assembly includes a fixed base, a main anchor rod, a main anchor rod nut, a ground anchor bolt, and a ground anchor nut. The fixed base is attached to the concave section of the concrete layer and is located on the side of the backfill soil layer. The main anchor rod and the ground anchor bolt both pass through the fixed base and extend into the concrete layer;

[0023] The main anchor rod nut is screwed onto the main anchor rod, and the ground anchor bolts are distributed on the fixed base and are fixedly installed through the ground anchor nuts.

[0024] In an alternative embodiment, the head protection pipe is hingedly connected to the fixed base through a cross hinge joint. The cross hinge joint is installed on the fixed base through a first hexagon socket head cap screw. A pressure-resistant hose is provided inside the hinged part of the head protection pipe and the cross hinge joint;

[0025] A cross universal joint is provided inside the pressure-resistant hose. The cross universal joint is installed on the main anchor rod through a connecting setscrew. The flexible inclinometer located inside the head protection pipe is connected to the cross universal joint through a sensor adapter. The sensor adapter is installed on the cross universal joint through a second hexagon socket head cap screw. The flexible inclinometer is fixed on the sensor adapter through a third hexagon socket head cap screw.

[0026] In an alternative embodiment, in the initial arrangement state of the flexible inclinometer, the head protection pipe extends obliquely relative to the axial direction of the main anchor rod through the cross hinge joint, and the flexible inclinometer follows the extension direction of the head protection pipe through the cross universal joint.

[0027] In an alternative embodiment, the intermediate section protection pipe includes multiple pipe sections hinged to each other. The intermediate section protection pipe at the forefront is hingedly connected to the head-end protection pipe through a cross hinge joint, and the head-end protection pipe is inclined relative to the intermediate section protection pipe to enable the intermediate section protection pipe, the tail-end protection pipe, and the plastic protection pipe to extend horizontally.

[0028] In an alternative embodiment, in the initial arrangement state of the flexible inclinometer, the intermediate section protection pipe and the tail-end protection pipe extend along the same straight line direction. The front end of the tail-end protection pipe is hinged to the rearmost intermediate section protection pipe. The plastic protection pipe is connected to the tail end of the tail-end protection pipe through a protection pipe joint, and the plastic protection pipe is located at the tail of the fixed protection assembly.

[0029] In an alternative embodiment, pressure-resistant hoses are provided inside the hinge joints between the intermediate section protection pipe and the head-end protection pipe and the tail-end protection pipe respectively, and also inside the hinge joints between multiple intermediate section protection pipes.

[0030] The flexible inclinometers in different pipe sections are flexibly connected in series inside the pressure-resistant hoses.

[0031] In an alternative embodiment, a plurality of lifting rings are evenly distributed on the anchoring assembly. A reinforcing steel wire rope is threaded through the lifting rings. The reinforcing steel wire rope extends integrally in the axial direction of the metal protection pipe after passing around the lifting rings. A snap ring is sleeved outside the metal protection pipe, and the reinforcing steel wire rope is fixedly clamped outside the metal protection pipe through the snap ring.

[0032] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for using a fixed protection assembly, including the following steps:

[0033] In the initial state, the head-end protection pipe extends obliquely upward relative to the anchoring assembly, and the intermediate section protection pipe, the tail-end protection pipe, and the plastic protection pipe extend horizontally in the backfilled soil, enabling the flexible inclinometer to be installed in a reverse bow shape at the reference end.

[0034] During the monitoring of the dam body, the head-end protection pipe slowly drops from the state of extending obliquely upward in the backfilled soil, and combines with the hinge joints to resist the shear stress damage between the backfilled soil layer and the concrete layer with the reverse bow-shaped downward deformation.

[0035] During the slow dropping process of the head-end protection pipe, it drives the intermediate section protection pipe, the tail-end protection pipe, and the plastic protection pipe to move downward until the settlement monitoring of the backfilled soil of the dam body is completed.

[0036] Through the settings of the protection component and the anchoring component, the flexible inclinometer can be protected, and at the same time, the overall protection component and the flexible inclinometer installed inside it are anchored on the pouring section of the backfill soil layer and the concrete layer of the core wall of the dam, constituting the deformation reference point of the protection component and the reference point of the flexible inclinometer.

[0037] The flexible inclinometer is installed in the backfill soil layer of the core wall of the dam, which can monitor the settlement deformation of the backfill soil layer of the core wall of the dam, and is protected by the protection component during the monitoring process.

[0038] The multi-section metal protection pipes that are hinged to each other and the plastic protection pipe connected in series at the tail of the metal protection pipes included in the protection component can have high deformation adaptability. During the settlement of the backfill soil layer, the overall protection component can follow the backfill soil layer to settle. The mutually hinged metal protection pipes can have a certain degree of deformation adaptability and can bend and sink relatively during the settlement process, effectively protecting the flexible inclinometer inside the protection pipe.

[0039] The first-end protection pipe, the middle-section protection pipes, and the tail-end protection pipe included in the metal protection pipe are hinged to each other and can be bent between them. Flexible inclinometers are arranged inside both the metal protection pipe and the plastic protection pipe. By flexibly connecting the flexible inclinometers, the flexible inclinometers can flexibly deform synchronously following the hinged movement between the metal protection pipes, with a certain amount of flexible bending deformation, greatly reducing hard damage.

[0040] During the normal monitoring of the dam, with the settlement of the backfill soil layer of the core wall of the dam, there is a large shear stress between the horizontal backfill soil layer and the slope concrete layer. In order to reduce the damage to the metal protection pipe caused by the shear stress generated by the settlement in this area, especially the shear stress damage to the first-end protection pipe, when arranging the flexible inclinometer, the first-end protection pipe extends obliquely upward relative to the anchoring component, and the middle-section protection pipes, the tail-end protection pipe, and the plastic protection pipe are horizontally arranged in the backfill soil layer, thus forming an initial reverse-arch layout form for fixing the overall protection component, which can provide space for the downward movement of the first-end protection pipe to the greatest extent, enabling the first-end protection pipe to offset the damaging shear stress between the backfill soil layer and the slope concrete layer through the dynamic process of falling and settling, thereby maintaining the connection between the protection component and the anchoring component, and being able to maintain the structural integrity and functional stability of the flexible inclinometer during long-term use, effectively extending the service life of the flexible inclinometer.

[0041] Other features and advantages of this application will be described in detail in the subsequent specific implementation section. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0042] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the accompanying drawings required for the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present application and should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other related drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0043] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the distribution structure of the fixed protection component of the flexible inclinometer in the initial state and after use in the present application;

[0044] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixed protection component of the flexible inclinometer in the present application.

[0045] Icon:

[0046] 1 - Main anchor bolt; 2 - Main anchor bolt nut; 3 - First hexagon socket head cap screw; 4 - Cross hinge joint; 5 - Connecting set screw; 6 - Cross universal joint; 7 - Second hexagon socket head cap screw; 8 - Third hexagon socket head cap screw; 9 - Sensor adapter; 10 - Protection pipe joint; 11 - Plastic protection pipe; 12 - Tail end protection pipe; 13 - Intermediate section protection pipe; 14 - Pressure-resistant hose; 15 - Head end protection pipe; 16 - Flexible inclinometer; 17 - Snap ring; 18 - Reinforcing steel wire rope; 19 - Hoisting ring; 20 - Ground anchor nut; 21 - Fixed base; 22 - Ground anchor bolt. Detailed implementation manners

[0047] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of them. Usually, the components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0048] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "inside", "outside", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship when the product of this application is normally placed. It is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the present application. In addition, terms such as "first", "second", etc. are only used for distinguishing descriptions and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0049] In the description of the present application, it should also be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set" and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific situations.

[0050] The fixed protection component of the flexible inclinometer in the present application is mainly used to monitor the settlement process of the backfill soil layer of the dam core wall. During the settlement process of the backfill soil layer, horizontal and tangential shear forces relative to the slope concrete layer will be generated between the slope concrete layer and the horizontal backfill soil layer, especially at the soil body part of the joint surface.

[0051] Specifically, by changing the protection structure and installation form of the flexible inclinometer buried in the backfill soil layer, the damage caused by the shear force generated between the slope concrete layer and the horizontal backfill soil layer to the flexible inclinometer during the settlement process of the backfill soil layer can be reduced, the structural composition of the flexible inclinometer can be protected, and the stable installation and reliable anchoring of the reference point can be achieved.

[0052] See Figure 1 and in combination with Figure 2 In the fixed protection component of the flexible inclinometer in the present invention, the main structure includes an anchoring component and a protection component. The anchoring component is mainly used to anchor the protection component. By connecting the protection component and the anchoring component, a reference point of the flexible inclinometer 16 located inside the protection component is formed, so that the protection component and the flexible inclinometer 16 do not deviate from the monitored state of the anchored installation.

[0053] The flexible inclinometer 16 is installed in the backfill soil layer of the dam core wall and is protected by the protection component. The protection component is mainly used to protect the structural composition of the flexible inclinometer 16 and maintain its stable and reliable monitoring state.

[0054] The protection component includes multiple sections of metal protection pipes hinged to each other and a plastic protection pipe 11 connected in series at the tail of the metal protection pipes. Through the arrangement of the metal protection pipes and the plastic protection pipe 11, the flexible inclinometer 16 installed inside the metal protection pipes and the plastic protection pipe 11 is mainly protected.

[0055] Combined with the articulated connection form of the metal protection pipes, it can enable the metal protection pipes to deform following the settlement of the backfill soil layer, and follow the settlement of the backfill soil layer with the displacement change of the overall downward movement. On the premise of effectively protecting the internal flexible inclinometer 16, it can offset the shear failure generated during the settlement process of the backfill soil layer. Especially for the metal protection pipes corresponding to the soil part of the joint surface, it can enable the metal protection pipes at the joint surface part to have a certain space for adaptive deformation to offset the shear force generated by the soil part of the joint surface relative to the slope concrete layer, ensuring the connection between the protection component and the anchoring component to avoid the disconnection of the two resulting in the failure of the reference point.

[0056] The anchoring component is anchored in the concrete layer of the dam slope and is located on the pouring section of the backfill soil layer and the concrete layer. It can ensure the effective reliability of the monitoring reference point through the anchoring connection form.

[0057] The metal protection pipes include a head-end protection pipe 15, an intermediate-section protection pipe 13, and a tail-end protection pipe 12. Flexible inclinometers 16 are arranged inside both the metal protection pipes and the plastic protection pipes 11. Based on the above-mentioned flexible inclinometers 16 installed in the metal protection pipes and the plastic protection pipes 11 respectively, the flexible inclinometers 16 in different section protection pipes are flexibly connected in series, which can form a series installation between the flexible inclinometers 16 and can respectively conduct overall monitoring of the settlement of the backfill soil layer inside the protection pipes.

[0058] Based on the above-mentioned, with the overall settlement of the backfill soil layer, a large shear force can be generated at the soil part of the joint surface. Correspondingly, the head-end protection pipe 15 at the soil part of the joint surface is hinged to the anchoring component. On the one hand, it is beneficial to form the monitoring reference point of the overall flexible inclinometer 16. On the other hand, when the flexible inclinometer 16 is initially arranged, by tilting and extending the head-end protection pipe 15 relative to the anchoring component, and combining the horizontal layout of the intermediate-section protection pipe 13, the tail-end protection pipe 12, and the plastic protection pipe 11 in the backfill soil layer, an overall reverse bow-shaped layout form of the protection component and the flexible inclinometer 16 can be formed, providing a large downward movement space for the monitoring reference point part, enabling the head-end protection pipe 15 to greatly offset the shear force damage, and on the premise of ensuring that the monitoring reference point does not break away from the anchoring state, protecting the structure of the flexible inclinometer 16 to the greatest extent and creating conditions for effectively and reliably monitoring the settlement of the backfill soil layer.

[0059] Furthermore, at least a part of the backfill soil layer protrudes into the concrete layer. Correspondingly, the protruding part forms an inner concave space and an inner concave section of the concrete layer. The anchoring component is anchored on the inner concave section, and the inner concave space of the concrete layer forms a protection box for the head-end protection pipe 15.

[0060] Through this setting method, the head protection pipe 15 is effectively protected, and at the same time, the effective connection between the head protection pipe 15 and the anchoring component is ensured. The concave space during the pouring of the concrete layer can form a protective box for the head protection pipe 15, reducing the direct impact damage caused by the backfill material to the head protection pipe 15, and effectively and reliably protecting the anchoring part of the protection component.

[0061] The anchoring component includes a fixed base 21, a main anchor rod 1, a main anchor rod nut 2, a ground anchor bolt 22, and a ground anchor nut 20. The fixed base 21 is attached to the concave section of the concrete layer and is located on the side of the backfill soil layer, facilitating the anchoring connection between the protection component and the anchoring component.

[0062] Both the main anchor rod 1 and the ground anchor bolt 22 pass through the fixed base 21 and extend into the concrete layer, enabling the fixed base 21 to be stably and reliably installed on the concave section of the concrete layer, ensuring the effective firmness of the anchoring point.

[0063] The main anchor rod nut 2 is screwed onto the main anchor rod 1. The ground anchor bolts 22 are dispersedly arranged on the fixed base 21 and are fixedly installed through the ground anchor nuts 20, which can further disperse the anchoring force and ensure uniform and reliable anchoring.

[0064] From the perspective of the specific structure for anchoring the protection component, the head protection pipe 15 is hinged to the fixed base 21 through a cross hinge joint 4, enabling the head protection pipe 15 to deflect relative to the fixed base 21 that provides the anchoring force. Specifically, it mainly deflects downward following the settlement of the backfill soil layer.

[0065] The cross hinge joint 4 is installed on the fixed base 21 through the first hexagon socket head cap screw 3, and the downward deflection of the head protection pipe 15 relative to the fixed base 21 can be achieved through the cross hinge joint 4.

[0066] A pressure-resistant hose 14 is provided inside the hinged part of the head protection pipe 15 and the cross hinge joint 4. Through the pressure-resistant hose 14, the flexible inclinometer 16 inside the head protection pipe 15 can be protected, preventing dust particles at the hinged part from entering the inside of the head protection pipe 15 and affecting the safe use of the flexible inclinometer 16.

[0067] From the perspective of the installation of the flexible inclinometer 16, a cross universal joint 6 is provided inside the pressure-resistant hose 14. The cross universal joint 6 is installed on the main anchor rod 1 through a connecting setscrew 5, and the flexible bending displacement of the flexible inclinometer 16 relative to the main anchor rod 1 is achieved through the cross universal joint 6.

[0068] Furthermore, the flexible inclinometer 16 located inside the head protection pipe 15 is connected to the cross universal joint 6 through a sensor adapter 9. The sensor adapter 9 is installed on the cross universal joint 6 through the second hexagon socket head cap screw 7, and the flexible inclinometer 16 is fixed to the sensor adapter 9 through the third hexagon socket head cap screw 8.

[0069] With this setting method, the flexible inclinometer 16 inside the head protection pipe 15 can follow the deflection of the head protection pipe 15 and bend under the driving action of the cross universal joint 6. On the one hand, it can form the reference point of the overall flexible inclinometer 16 connected in series, and on the other hand, it can ensure the anchoring installation of the whole flexible inclinometer 16 and prevent it from detaching from the fixed base 21.

[0070] In the initial layout state of the flexible inclinometer 16, the head protection pipe 15 extends axially inclined relative to the main anchor rod 1 through the cross hinge joint 4. Specifically, it is arranged in the form of extending axially inclined upward relative to the main anchor rod 1, which can offset the shear damage of the soil body at the joint surface between the backfill soil layer and the concrete layer near the anchoring part during the monitoring of the settlement of the backfill soil layer, effectively protect the flexible inclinometer 16 in the head protection pipe 15, and further ensure the stability and reliability of the overall anchoring point of the inclinometer.

[0071] The flexible inclinometer 16 follows the extension direction of the head protection pipe 15 through the cross universal joint 6, and can construct the initial upward extension installation state of the flexible inclinometer 16, providing a sufficient space for the settlement of the backfill soil layer and enhancing the adaptability of the flexible inclinometer 16 to move downward.

[0072] The intermediate section protection pipe 13 includes multiple pipe sections hinged to each other. The intermediate section protection pipe 13 at the frontmost end is hinged to the head protection pipe 15 through the cross hinge joint 4, enabling the intermediate section protection pipe 13 to move relative to the head protection pipe 15. Further, the head protection pipe 15 is inclined relative to the intermediate section protection pipe 13 to make the intermediate section protection pipe 13, the tail protection pipe 12, and the plastic protection pipe 11 extend horizontally. In the initial layout state, the overall reverse bow-shaped installation of the flexible inclinometer 16 can be constructed.

[0073] The intermediate section protection pipes 13 are also hinged to each other through the cross hinge joint 4, as well as the intermediate section protection pipe 13 at the rearmost end and the tail protection pipe 12, which can enhance the adaptability between different metal protection pipes.

[0074] It should be noted that the present invention does not limit the number of sections of the intermediate section protection pipe 13, which can be specifically set according to the actual installation situation, and the intermediate section protection pipe 13 is respectively connected to the head protection pipe 15 and the tail protection pipe 12.

[0075] In the initial layout state of the flexible inclinometer 16, the intermediate section protection pipe 13 and the tail protection pipe 12 extend along the same straight line direction. The front end of the tail protection pipe 12 is hinged to the intermediate section protection pipe 13 at the rearmost end, and the plastic protection pipe 11 is connected to the tail end of the tail protection pipe 12 through the protection pipe joint 10. The plastic protection pipe 11 is located at the tail of the fixed protection component.

[0076] Through this setting method, on the premise of effectively protecting the flexible inclinometer 16 inside the protection pipe, the overall protection component and the flexible inclinometer 16 can move downward as a whole following the settlement of the backfill soil layer, so as to conduct dynamic monitoring through the flexible inclinometers 16 inside each section of the protection pipe.

[0077] Pressure-resistant hoses 14 are provided on the inner sides of the hinged parts between the intermediate-section protection pipe 13 and the head-end protection pipe 15 and the tail-end protection pipe 12 respectively, and on the inner sides of the hinged parts between multiple sections of the intermediate-section protection pipe 13. They can play a good sealing effect on the hinged parts and prevent the sand and dust particles in the backfill soil layer from entering the protection pipe.

[0078] In order to avoid damage to the flexible inclinometers 16 caused by hard bending between them, the flexible inclinometers 16 in different pipe sections are flexibly connected in series inside the pressure-resistant hoses 14. On the premise that the protection pipes can be turned over relatively by hinging, the displacement state of the flexible folding of the flexible inclinometers 16 can be maintained, and the structural damage to the flexible inclinometers 16 can be avoided to the greatest extent.

[0079] A plurality of lifting rings 19 are evenly distributed on the anchoring component. A reinforcing steel wire rope 18 is threaded through the lifting rings 19. After passing around the lifting rings 19, the reinforcing steel wire rope 18 extends axially as a whole on the metal protection pipe, and the multi-section metal protection pipes can be flexibly reinforced as a whole through the reinforcing steel wire rope 18.

[0080] A snap ring 17 is sleeved outside the metal protection pipe. The reinforcing steel wire rope 18 is clamped and fixed on the outside of the metal protection pipe through the snap ring 17, and a structural state of strengthened connection and protection can be formed.

[0081] Specifically, during the setting process, there are four lifting rings 19. The four lifting rings 19 are respectively fixed on the fixed base 21 according to the four faces surrounding the sensor of the flexible inclinometer 16. The reinforcing steel wire rope 18 is specifically a stainless steel wire rope. The stainless steel wire rope is repeatedly folded and passed through the four lifting rings 19 four times to form 8-strand reinforcing cables, and each section of the metal protection pipe is further strengthened and connected through the wire rope snap ring 17.

[0082] The present invention also provides a usage method of the fixed protection component for monitoring the settlement of the backfill soil layer of the core wall of the dam, which mainly includes the following steps:

[0083] In the initial state, the head-end protection pipe 15 extends obliquely upward relative to the anchoring component, and the intermediate-section protection pipe 13, the tail-end protection pipe 12 and the plastic protection pipe 11 extend horizontally in the backfill soil, so that the flexible inclinometer 16 is installed in an inverted bow shape at the reference end.

[0084] During the monitoring of the dam body, the head end protection pipe 15 slowly falls from the state of tilting upward in the backfill soil, and the shear stress damage between the backfill soil layer and the concrete layer is resisted by the reverse bow-shaped falling deformation at the hinged part;

[0085] During the slow falling process, the head end protection pipe 15 drives the middle section protection pipe 13, the tail end protection pipe 12 and the plastic protection pipe 11 to move downward until the settlement monitoring of the dam backfill soil is completed.

[0086] The fixed protection assembly and use method of the flexible inclinometer in the present application increases the tensile strength of the flexible inclinometer 16 by setting a protection tube and reinforcing the steel wire rope 18. At the same time, the universal joint can adapt to more soil deformation, thereby protecting the flexible inclinometer 16.

[0087] The reverse-bow arrangement can optimize the stress distribution inside the dam body. By reasonably adjusting the installation angle and position, the stress can be dispersed to a larger area, reducing the phenomenon of local stress concentration, thereby extending the service life of the flexible inclinometer 16.

[0088] The metal material itself has high strength and corrosion resistance, and can resist the influence of various environmental factors inside and outside the dam body. This enables the multi-section metal protective pipe to maintain its structural integrity and functional stability during long-term use, effectively extending the service life of the flexible inclinometer 16.

[0089] The multi-section metal protection tubes that are hinged to each other have high flexibility and can adapt to various shapes and sizes of the dam body. Whether it is bending, telescoping or changing diameter, the multi-section metal protection tubes can provide corresponding adaptive deformation to ensure that the integrity of the flexible inclinometer 16 is effectively protected.

[0090] The multi-section metal protection pipe has significant protection advantages in the backfill dam body, can effectively improve the stability and safety of the installation of the flexible inclinometer 16, extend the service life, and can also effectively protect the safety state of the flexible inclinometer 16 under construction conditions such as rolling by engineering machinery.

[0091] The advantages of reverse bow installation in the dam backfill layer may vary depending on specific engineering conditions, design requirements, construction environment, etc. In practical applications, evaluation and selection should be made based on specific circumstances to ensure the rationality and effectiveness of the installation plan.

[0092] Compared with the traditional burial method of a single anchor rod plus a plastic protective tube 11, the fixed protection assembly in the present application can ensure that the flexible inclinometer 16 maintains a stable posture during the installation process, avoiding measurement errors caused by external interference, which helps to improve the accuracy and reliability of the measurement.

[0093] The multi-section articulated metal protection tube can not only achieve the reverse bow installation method, enabling the flexible inclinometer 16 sensor to better adapt to the deformation of the dam body, improving the survival rate of the sensor during installation and use, effectively solving the shear stress damage between the horizontal soil layer and the slope, but also effectively protecting the flexible inclinometer 16 from being damaged by the extrusion and impact of sundries such as stones and soil during the backfilling process of the earth-rock dam.

[0094] It should be noted that, without conflict, the features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other.

[0095] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present application and are not used to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for using a flexible inclinometer fixed protection assembly, characterized in that: The fixed protection component includes an anchoring component and a protection component; The flexible inclinometer is installed in the backfill soil layer of the dam core wall and is protected by the protection assembly, which includes a plurality of mutually hinged metal protection pipes and a plastic protection pipe connected in series to the tail of the metal protection pipe; The anchoring assembly is anchored in the concrete layer of the dam body slope and is located on the pouring section of the backfill soil layer and the concrete layer, and the protection assembly is connected to the anchoring assembly; The metal protection tube comprises a head end protection tube, an intermediate section protection tube and a tail end protection tube. Flexible inclinometers are arranged inside the metal protection tube and inside the plastic protection tube. The flexible inclinometers are flexibly connected in series. The head end protection tube is hingedly connected to the anchor assembly. When the flexible inclinometer is arranged, the head end protection pipe is inclined upward relative to the anchor assembly, and the middle section protection pipe, the tail end protection pipe and the plastic protection pipe are arranged horizontally in the backfill soil layer; In the initial state, the head end protection pipe is tilted upward relative to the anchor assembly, and the middle section protection pipe, the tail end protection pipe and the plastic protection pipe are horizontally extended in the backfill soil, so that the flexible inclinometer is installed in an anti-bow shape at the reference end; During the monitoring of the dam body, the head end protection pipe slowly falls from the state of tilting upward in the backfill soil, and the reverse bow-shaped falling deformation at the hinged part resists the shear stress damage between the backfill soil layer and the concrete layer; As the head end protection pipe slowly falls, it drives the middle section protection pipe, the tail end protection pipe and the plastic protection pipe downward until the settlement monitoring of the dam backfill soil is completed.

2. The method of use according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least a portion of the backfill soil layer protrudes into the concrete layer. Correspondingly, the protruding portion constitutes a concave space and a concave section of the concrete layer. The anchor assembly is anchored on the concave section, and the concave space of the concrete layer constitutes a protective box for the head end protection tube.

3. The method of use according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchor assembly includes a fixed base, a main anchor rod, a main anchor rod nut, a ground anchor bolt and a ground anchor nut. The fixed base is attached to the concave section of the concrete layer and is located on the side of the backfill soil layer. The main anchor rod and the ground anchor bolt are both connected through the fixed base and extend into the concrete layer. The main anchor rod nut is threaded on the main anchor rod, and the ground anchor bolts are dispersedly arranged on the fixing base and fixedly installed by the ground anchor nut.

4. The method of use according to claim 3, characterized in that: The head end protection tube is hinged to the fixed base through a cross hinge joint, the cross hinge joint is installed on the fixed base through a first hexagon socket screw, and a pressure-resistant hose is arranged on the inner side of the hinged portion between the head end protection tube and the cross hinge joint; A cross universal joint is arranged inside the pressure-resistant hose, and the cross universal joint is installed on the main anchor rod by connecting the top screw. The flexible inclinometer located inside the head end protection tube is connected to the cross universal joint through a sensor adapter, and the sensor adapter is installed on the cross universal joint by a second hexagon socket screw. The flexible inclinometer is fixed to the sensor adapter by a third hexagon socket screw.

5. The method of use according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the flexible inclinometer is in an initial arrangement state, the head end protection tube extends obliquely relative to the axial direction of the main anchor rod through the cross hinge joint, and the flexible inclinometer follows the extension direction of the head end protection tube through the cross universal joint.

6. The method of use according to claim 4, characterized in that: The middle section protection tube includes multiple tube sections hinged to each other. The middle section protection tube located at the front end is hingedly connected to the head end protection tube through a cross hinge joint, and the head end protection tube is tilted relative to the middle section protection tube to enable the middle section protection tube, the tail end protection tube and the plastic protection tube to extend horizontally.

7. The method of use according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the flexible inclinometer is in an initial arrangement state, the middle section protection tube and the tail end protection tube extend in the same straight line direction, the front end of the tail end protection tube is hinged to the middle section protection tube at the tail end, the plastic protection tube is connected to the tail end of the tail end protection tube via a protection tube joint, and the plastic protection tube is located at the tail of the fixed protection assembly.

8. The method of use according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner sides of the hinged parts of the intermediate section protection tube, the head end protection tube and the tail end protection tube, and the inner sides of the hinged parts between the multiple sections of the intermediate section protection tube are all provided with pressure-resistant hoses; Flexible inclinometers in different pipe sections are flexibly connected in series on the inner side of the pressure-resistant hose.

9. The method of use according to claim 4, characterized in that: The anchor assembly is evenly distributed with a plurality of lifting rings, and a reinforcing steel wire rope is passed through the lifting rings. The reinforcing steel wire rope passes through the lifting rings and extends as a whole in the axial direction of the metal protection tube. A clamping ring is sleeved on the outside of the metal protection tube, and the reinforcing steel wire rope is clamped and fixed to the outside of the metal protection tube through the clamping ring.

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