Treatment method and structure for leakage disease of tunnel deformation joint under freeze-thaw condition

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering disease prevention and treatment, and particularly relates to a tunnel deformation joint leakage disease treatment method and treatment structure under freeze-thaw conditions, the treatment method comprising: S1, cleaning floating ice at the deformation joint leakage position, and removing a water receiving box; S2, installing a heating device in the backwater surface of the deformation joint, and melting the frozen leakage water by using the heating device; S3, guiding the melted leakage water to a drainage ditch by using a drainage structure; S4, punching holes to the water-facing surface of the deformation joint at both sides of the deformation joint, and injecting grouting water stop in the holes; S5, embedding a water stop structure at the end of the backwater surface of the deformation joint, and installing a water receiving box. The present application installs a heating device at the deformation joint leakage position, provides a favorable environment for subsequent grouting water stop, and promotes grouting liquid reaction and plugging. After grouting, a water stop structure is arranged on the backwater surface of the deformation joint, a physical extrusion waterproof measure is formed, the deformation requirement of the deformation joint, such as thermal expansion and cold contraction, can be adapted, and the water stop effectiveness is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel engineering disease prevention and control technology, specifically to a method and structure for treating water leakage at tunnel expansion joints under freeze-thaw conditions. Background Technology

[0002] Water leakage in tunnel structures is a major problem affecting the normal use of tunnels, posing serious safety hazards to train operation, passenger experience, and equipment operation. In particular, leakage at tunnel expansion joints is significant, and because expansion joints are ring-shaped, requiring comprehensive treatment, the problem is extremely difficult to address. Existing tunnel waterproofing structures typically include: Figure 1 As shown, a back-adhesive waterstop is installed between the initial support and the tunnel lining. A pad is placed on the outside of the back-adhesive waterstop, and a steel plate embedded waterstop is placed in the middle of the pad. Sealant is applied to the outside of the steel plate embedded waterstop, and a water collection box is installed on the surface of the tunnel lining. When the waterproof layer on the water-facing side of the lining is damaged, ground water will seep into the water-facing side of the structure along the damaged location, forming a water-passing path along the weak point where the back-adhesive waterstop is bonded to the concrete. The leaked water fills the water-facing side of the expansion joint. When the steel plate embedded waterstop is damaged, the water will further seep along the damaged location to the water-receiving side of the lining, gushing out along the water collection box, resulting in obvious water leakage problems in the expansion joint.

[0003] Existing methods for treating and sealing water leakage in tunnel expansion joints mainly involve grouting. The construction process is as follows: before construction, the site defects are inspected and confirmed. Then, the water collection box is removed, holes are drilled on both sides of the expansion joint to the water-facing side, grouting needles are installed in the grouting holes, and grouting is performed. After the grouting sealant fills the leakage channel, the leakage water is squeezed out of the channel. The grouting needles are then removed, and the grouting holes are sealed with quick-drying cement. Finally, the expansion joint water collection box is installed to complete the grouting and water-stopping construction.

[0004] However, this construction method is not suitable for cold northern regions, especially in winter when temperatures are low and leaking water freezes. Water seeping into the expansion joint freezes, and water seeping from the back side of the expansion joint through the water collection box also freezes, forming icicles. Because a leakage path has been created, even if the icicles are cleared, the water will freeze again very quickly as it continues to seep out, leading to the following defects:

[0005] (1) When water freezes on the back side, front side and inside the expansion joint, the water expands and the sealing grout will break and crack under the expansion force, resulting in the failure of the sealing and leakage.

[0006] (2) In low-temperature environments, water has frozen, and the grouting slurry cannot effectively fill the space where the ice is. As the ice melts, the space occupied by the ice is very likely to form a seepage channel, leading to repeated leakage.

[0007] (3) The grouting liquid used in conventional grouting water-stopping methods needs to react with water, but the reaction is very slow in low temperature environment, resulting in unsatisfactory water-stopping effect.

[0008] Therefore, the existing grouting sealing treatment technology has low effectiveness in treating leakage problems in expansion joints under low-temperature environments. Summary of the Invention

[0009] In order to solve at least one technical problem existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a method and structure for treating water leakage in tunnel expansion joints under freeze-thaw conditions.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0011] A method for treating water leakage at tunnel expansion joints under freeze-thaw conditions includes:

[0012] S1. Clean the floating ice at the leakage location of the expansion joint and remove the water collection box;

[0013] S2. Install a heating device inside the backwater side of the expansion joint and use the heating device to melt the frozen seepage water.

[0014] S3. Use drainage structures to direct the melted seepage water to the drainage ditch;

[0015] S4. Drill holes on both sides of the expansion joint to the water-facing side of the expansion joint, and inject grout into the holes to stop the water flow.

[0016] S5. Embed a water-stop structure at the end of the backwater side of the expansion joint and install a water collection box.

[0017] Furthermore, before installing the heating device, remove the lining plate on the back side of the expansion joint and install the heating device in the space where the lining plate has been removed.

[0018] Furthermore, the drainage structure is a water collection pipe. The water collection pipe is installed in the space where the liner plate is removed and on the outside of the heating device. The water collection pipe is used to collect the seepage water in the expansion joint and lead it to the drainage ditch.

[0019] Furthermore, after embedding a water-stop structure at the end of the expansion joint on the back side, a protective coating is applied to the surface of the tunnel lining, and then a water collection box is installed.

[0020] This invention also provides a structure for treating water leakage at tunnel expansion joints under freeze-thaw conditions. The structure is constructed using the aforementioned method for treating water leakage at tunnel expansion joints under freeze-thaw conditions. It includes a stratum, with initial support and tunnel lining sequentially arranged on one side of the stratum. A back-mounted waterstop is installed between the tunnel lining and the initial support. An expansion joint is installed inside the tunnel lining, with a steel plate embedded in the center of the expansion joint. A heating device is installed in the area outside the steel plate embedded waterstop at the expansion joint. A drainage structure is installed outside the heating device, and a waterstop structure is installed outside the drainage structure. The gap in the expansion joint area between the steel plate embedded waterstop and the back-mounted waterstop is filled with grouting waterstop material.

[0021] Furthermore, a pad is installed in the expansion joint area between the embedded waterstop and the back-attached waterstop in the steel plate.

[0022] Furthermore, grouting holes are provided on both sides of the expansion joint. The grouting holes are inclined grouting holes. The grouting ports of the grouting holes are located on the surface of the tunnel lining, and the grout outlets of the grouting holes are located in the expansion joint area between the embedded waterstop and the back-attached waterstop in the steel plate.

[0023] Furthermore, the tunnel lining surface is provided with grooves, and a water collection box is installed in the grooves, with the water collection box covering the expansion joint.

[0024] Furthermore, a protective coating layer is provided on the sidewall of the groove.

[0025] Furthermore, the heating device includes a protective tube and a heating element inside the protective tube.

[0026] Furthermore, the heating element is an electric heating tape or an electric heating rod, which is connected to an external control box.

[0027] Furthermore, the drainage structure is a water collection pipe.

[0028] Furthermore, the water-stopping structure includes a rubber plate and an elastic compression device, wherein the rubber plate is U-shaped and the elastic compression device is provided inside the rubber plate.

[0029] Furthermore, the U-shaped opening of the rubber sheet faces outward.

[0030] Furthermore, pressure strips are provided on both sides of the inside of the rubber sheet, and an elastic compression device is provided between the two pressure strips.

[0031] Furthermore, the elastic compression device is equipped with a spring inside, and the two ends of the spring compress the pressure bar.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] The present invention provides a method and structure for treating water leakage at tunnel expansion joints under freeze-thaw conditions. A heating device is installed at the leakage location of the expansion joint to melt the frozen water, which is then drained. The heating device not only melts the frozen water but also raises the ambient temperature, providing a favorable environment for subsequent grouting and sealing, promoting the reaction and sealing of the grout. After grouting, a water-stopping structure is installed on the back side of the expansion joint, forming a physical compression waterproofing measure that can adapt to the thermal expansion and contraction of the expansion joint, further improving the effectiveness of water sealing. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an existing tunnel waterproofing structure.

[0035] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram showing leakage at an expansion joint.

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the expansion joint structure after the water receiving box is removed in the treatment method of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the expansion joint structure after the heating device is installed in the treatment method of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the expansion joint structure after the water collection pipe is installed in the treatment method of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the expansion joint structure after drilling in the treatment method of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the deformation joint structure after grouting and water stopping in the treatment method of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the expansion joint structure after the installation of the water-stopping structure in the treatment method of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 9 for Figure 8 Enlarged view of a portion of point A in the middle.

[0043] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the expansion joint structure after applying protective coating in the treatment method of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the treatment structure after the treatment method of the present invention has been completed.

[0045] Figure label:

[0046] 1. Stratum, 2. Initial support, 3. Water layer, 4. Waterproof layer, 5. Back-attached waterstop, 6. Tunnel lining, 7. Lining plate, 8. Steel embedded waterstop, 9. Water collection box, 10. Sealant, 11. Heating device, 12. Water collection pipe, 13. Rubber sheet, 14. Elastic compression device, 15. Pressure strip, 16. Protective coating layer. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0048] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement and numerical expressions of the components and steps described in these embodiments should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

[0049] The following description of exemplary embodiments is merely illustrative and is not intended to limit the invention or its application or use in any way. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail herein, but where applicable, such techniques, methods, and apparatus should be considered part of this specification.

[0050] This invention provides a method for treating water leakage at tunnel expansion joints under freeze-thaw conditions. Before construction, a site inspection is conducted to confirm the problem. When the waterproofing layer on the water-facing side of the lining is damaged, ground water will seep into the water-facing side of the structure along the damaged area, forming a water-passing path along the weak point where the back-adhesive waterstop 5 meets the concrete. The leaking water fills the water-facing side of the expansion joint. When the embedded waterstop 8 in the steel structure is damaged, water will further seep along the damaged area of ​​the embedded waterstop 8 to the back-facing side of the lining, passing through the lining plate 7 and sealant 10, and gushing out along the water collection box 9, resulting in obvious water leakage at the expansion joint. In low-temperature environments, the leaking water freezes and accumulates to form floating ice. The leakage is illustrated in the image below. Figure 2 As shown, the methods for treating water leakage in this expansion joint include:

[0051] S1. Clean the entire ring of floating ice at the leakage location of the expansion joint and remove the water collection box 9; Figure 3 As shown, after the water collection box 9 was removed, the leak point was exposed.

[0052] S2. Install a heating device 11 inside the backwater side of the expansion joint, and use the heating device 11 to melt the frozen seepage water; such as Figure 4As shown, first remove the liner 7 and sealant 10 on the back side of the expansion joint, and then install the heating device 11 in the space where the liner 7 has been removed. The heating device 11 includes a protective tube and a heating element inside the protective tube. The heating element is connected to an external control box, which controls the heating power of the heating element, thereby controlling the heating temperature. After the heating device 11 is installed, it is turned on to melt the leaking water in the expansion joint.

[0053] S3. The melted seepage water is directed to a drainage ditch using a drainage structure; the drainage structure is a water collection pipe 12, which is installed in the space where the liner plate 7 has been removed and on the outside of the heating device 11, such as... Figure 5 As shown, a water collection pipe 12 is installed along the entire ring to collect the seepage water in the deformation joint, and the seepage water is led to the tunnel drainage ditch at the bottom of the water collection pipe 12.

[0054] S4. Drill holes on both sides of the expansion joint to the water-facing side of the expansion joint, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the holes are oblique holes on both sides of the expansion joint. An electric drill is used for construction, and then grouting needles are installed inside the holes for grouting and water sealing. Figure 7 As shown.

[0055] S5. After grouting is completed, a water-stop structure is embedded at the end of the expansion joint on the backwater side. Specifically, the water-stop structure is installed in the space where the backing plate 7 is removed on the backwater side of the expansion joint, i.e., on the outside of the water collection pipe 12. Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the waterproofing structure includes a rubber sheet 13 and an elastic compression device 14. The rubber sheet 13 has a U-shaped cross-section and is arranged along the entire ring of the expansion joint. The elastic compression device 14 is installed inside the rubber sheet 13 and spaced apart along the entire ring of the expansion joint. The U-shaped opening of the rubber sheet 13 faces outward, and the rubber sheet 13 is bonded to the side walls of the expansion joint using adhesive. Pressure strips 15 are installed on both sides inside the rubber sheet 13, and the elastic compression device 14 is installed between the two pressure strips 15. The elastic compression device 14 includes a housing with top posts at both ends. The top posts contact the pressure strips 15, and a spring is installed between the top posts. The spring compresses the top posts, thereby compressing the pressure strips 15. The elasticity of the spring compresses the pressure strips 15, creating a physical compression waterproofing effect. When the expansion joint deforms, the elastic compression device 14 can contract or extend, always keeping the rubber sheet 13 in close contact with the side walls of the expansion joint, thus achieving a waterproofing effect.

[0056] After embedding a water-stopping structure at the backwater end of the expansion joint, a protective coating is applied to the tunnel lining surface, such as... Figure 10 As shown, then install the water receiving box 9.

[0057] This invention also provides a structure for treating water leakage at tunnel expansion joints under freeze-thaw conditions, constructed using the aforementioned method for treating water leakage at tunnel expansion joints under freeze-thaw conditions, such as... Figure 11 As shown, the structure includes a stratum 1, with an initial support 2 and a tunnel lining 6 arranged sequentially on one side of the stratum 1. A water layer 3 exists between the initial support 2 and the tunnel lining 6, and a waterproof layer 4 is also provided on the side of the water layer 3 near the tunnel lining 6. A back-adhesive waterstop 5 is provided between the tunnel lining 6 and the initial support 2, and on the outside of the waterproof layer 4. An expansion joint is provided inside the tunnel lining 6, with the inner end of the expansion joint extending into the back-adhesive waterstop 5 and the outer end of the expansion joint extending to the surface of the tunnel lining 6.

[0058] A waterstop 8 is embedded in a steel plate in the middle of the expansion joint; a heating device 11 is installed in the area outside the waterstop 8 in the expansion joint, the heating device 11 is located close to the waterstop 8 in the steel plate, a drainage structure is installed outside the heating device 11, and a waterstop structure is installed outside the drainage structure; a pad plate 7 is installed in the expansion joint area between the waterstop 8 in the steel plate and the back-adhesive waterstop 5, and the gap in the expansion joint area between the waterstop 8 in the steel plate and the back-adhesive waterstop 5 is filled with grouting waterstop material.

[0059] Grouting holes are provided on both sides of the expansion joint to fill the gap in the expansion joint area between the embedded waterstop 8 and the back-adhesive waterstop 5 in the steel plate. The grouting holes are inclined grouting holes, with the grouting opening located on the surface of the tunnel lining 6 and the grout outlet located in the expansion joint area between the embedded waterstop 8 and the back-adhesive waterstop 5 in the steel plate.

[0060] The surface of the tunnel lining 6 is provided with grooves, and a water collection box 9 is installed in the grooves, covering the expansion joints. A protective coating layer 16 is provided on the sidewall of the grooves, and a protective coating layer 16 is also provided on the surface of the tunnel lining near the grooves.

[0061] The heating device 11 includes a protective tube and a heating element inside the protective tube. The protective tube is made of stainless steel and is used to protect the heating element inside. The heating element is an electric heating tape or heating rod, which is connected to an external control box. The drainage structure is a water collection pipe 12. The water-stopping structure includes a rubber plate 13 and an elastic compression device 14, such as... Figure 9As shown, the rubber sheet 13 has a U-shaped cross-section and is arranged along the entire ring of the expansion joint. An elastic compression device 14 is installed inside the rubber sheet 13, and these devices are spaced apart along the entire ring of the expansion joint. The U-shaped opening of the rubber sheet 13 faces outwards, and the rubber sheet 13 is bonded to the side walls of the expansion joint using adhesive. Pressure strips 15 are installed on both sides of the rubber sheet 13, and the elastic compression device 14 is installed between the pressure strips 15. The elastic compression device 14 includes a housing with top posts at both ends. The top posts contact the pressure strips 15, and a spring is installed between the top posts. The spring compresses the top posts, thereby compressing the pressure strips 15. The elasticity of the spring compresses the pressure strips 15, creating a physical compression waterproofing effect. When the expansion joint deforms, the elastic compression device 14 can contract or extend, always ensuring that the rubber sheet 13 is in close contact with the side walls of the expansion joint, thus achieving a waterproofing effect.

[0062] Example 1

[0063] This embodiment addresses the treatment of water leakage at tunnel expansion joints in a northern region. In this region, winter temperatures drop below -10°C, causing the leaking water to freeze. The leakage point is located at a 45° angle to the tunnel arch. After applying the method for treating water leakage at tunnel expansion joints under freeze-thaw cycles as described in this invention, the leakage point was sealed, and there were no further leaks or re-leakage.

[0064] The above specific embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to examples, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for treating water leakage disease of tunnel deformation joint under freeze-thaw conditions, characterized in that, include: S1. Clean the floating ice at the leakage location of the expansion joint and remove the water collection box; S2. Install a heating device inside the backwater side of the expansion joint and use the heating device to melt the frozen seepage water. S3. Use drainage structures to direct the melted seepage water to the drainage ditch; S4. Drill holes on both sides of the expansion joint to the water-facing side of the expansion joint, and inject grout into the holes to stop the water flow. S5. Embed a water-stop structure at the end of the backwater side of the expansion joint and install a water collection box; Before installing the heating device, remove the lining plate on the back side of the expansion joint and install the heating device in the space where the lining plate has been removed. The drainage structure is a water collection pipe. The water collection pipe is installed in the space where the liner plate is removed and on the outside of the heating device. The water collection pipe is used to collect the seepage water in the expansion joint and lead it to the drainage ditch. After embedding a water-stop structure at the end of the expansion joint on the back side, apply protective coating to the tunnel lining surface and then install a water collection box.

2. A structure for treating a water leakage disease of a tunnel deformation joint under freeze-thaw conditions, which is constructed by the method for treating a water leakage disease of a tunnel deformation joint under freeze-thaw conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The structure includes the stratum, with initial support and tunnel lining installed sequentially on one side of the stratum. A back-adhesive waterstop is installed between the tunnel lining and the initial support. An expansion joint is installed inside the tunnel lining, with a steel plate embedded in the center of the expansion joint. A heating device is installed in the area outside the steel plate embedded waterstop of the expansion joint. A drainage structure is installed outside the heating device, and a waterstop structure is installed outside the drainage structure. The gap in the expansion joint area between the steel plate embedded waterstop and the back-adhesive waterstop is filled with grouting waterstop material.

3. The structure for treating the water leakage disease of the tunnel deformation joint under freeze-thaw conditions according to claim 2, characterized in that, A pad is installed in the expansion joint area between the embedded waterstop and the back-adhesive waterstop in the steel plate.

4. The structure for treating water leakage from a tunnel deformation joint under freeze-thaw conditions according to claim 2, characterized in that, Grouting holes are provided on both sides of the expansion joint. The grouting holes are inclined grouting holes. The grouting ports of the grouting holes are located on the surface of the tunnel lining. The grouting outlets of the grouting holes are located in the expansion joint area between the embedded waterstop and the back-attached waterstop in the steel plate.

5. The structure for treating water leakage from a tunnel deformation joint under freeze-thaw conditions according to claim 2, characterized in that, The tunnel lining surface is provided with grooves, and a water collection box is installed in the grooves, with the water collection box covering the expansion joint.

6. The structure for treating the water leakage disease of the tunnel deformation joint under freeze-thaw conditions according to claim 5, characterized in that, A protective coating layer is provided on the sidewall of the groove.

7. The structure for treating water leakage from a tunnel deformation joint under freeze-thaw conditions according to claim 2, characterized in that, The heating device includes a protective tube and a heating element inside the protective tube.

8. The structure for treating the water leakage disease of the tunnel deformation joint under freeze-thaw conditions according to claim 7, characterized in that, The heating element is an electric heating tape or an electric heating rod, which is connected to an external control box.

9. The structure for treating water leakage from a tunnel deformation joint under freeze-thaw conditions according to claim 2, characterized in that, The water-stopping structure includes a rubber plate and an elastic compression device. The rubber plate is U-shaped, and the elastic compression device is installed inside the rubber plate.

10. The structure for treating water leakage from a tunnel deformation joint under freeze-thaw conditions according to claim 9, characterized in that, The U-shaped opening of the rubber sheet faces outward.

11. The structure for treating water leakage from a tunnel deformation joint under freeze-thaw conditions according to claim 10, characterized in that, Pressure strips are provided on both sides of the inside of the rubber sheet, and an elastic compression device is provided between the two pressure strips.

12. The structure for treating water leakage from a tunnel deformation joint under freeze-thaw conditions according to claim 11, characterized in that, The elastic compression device is equipped with a spring inside, and the two ends of the spring compress the pressure bar.

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