Self-propelled morel exogenous nutrition bag opening laying machine

Abstract

This invention relates to a self-propelled morel mushroom external nutrient bag opening and laying machine, comprising a frame and a walking mechanism, a nutrient bag pushing mechanism, a nutrient bag opening mechanism, a nutrient bag laying mechanism, and a pressing mechanism mounted on the frame; the nutrient bag pushing mechanism includes a nutrient bag storage box, a nutrient bag pushing box, a nutrient bag pusher plate, and a pusher plate driving device; three sets of nutrient bag opening mechanisms are arranged below three nutrient bag pushing boxes for opening the nutrient bags pushed into the opening holes of the nutrient bag pushing boxes; the nutrient bag opening mechanism includes a push-pull device, a lifting device, an opening cutter, a push-pull rod, and a module pusher rod; the nutrient bag laying mechanism is inclinedly arranged at the rear end of the nutrient bag pushing box for receiving the opened nutrient bags falling from the nutrient bag pushing box and adjusting the posture of the nutrient bags so that the nutrient bags are laid on the ground with the opening side facing down; the pressing mechanism is mounted on the rear crossbeam for pressing the laid nutrient bags.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery technology and relates to a self-propelled morel mushroom external nutrient bag opening and laying machine. Background Technology

[0002] Morel mushrooms are recognized worldwide as a prized edible fungus, named for their caps' uneven surface, resembling an open sheep's stomach. As a delicacy among edible fungi, morels are highly sought after by consumers for their unique flavor and rich nutritional value. With limited wild morel production, artificial cultivation has become essential, and morel cultivation in China is gradually emerging as a rising star in the edible fungi industry.

[0003] The main cultivation sites include three types: greenhouses, flat sheds, and cold sheds. After sowing, when the mycelium has grown to the surface of the mushroom bed and shows signs of "frost" upon exposure to oxygen and light, nutrient bags are placed. The main function of the external nutrient bags is to provide sufficient nutrients to the morel mycelium in the soil, increasing the number of mycelium and facilitating the formation of more sclerotia, which is the most important "energy" support for a high yield of morel mushrooms. The external nutrient bags are 16cm long and 11cm wide. After being filled by an external nutrient bag filling machine, they are filled with a certain amount of nutrients suitable for morel mushroom growth, about 4cm thick. The external nutrient bags are then opened and placed side by side or in a triangular pattern on the morel mushroom bed. Currently, in greenhouse cultivation, the placement of external nutrient bags is mainly done manually. Workers need to open each external nutrient bag and place and compact them on the seed bed. The process of laying nutrient bags involves a lot of manual labor and is repetitive. It not only consumes a lot of manpower and time, but also involves a certain degree of human error and trampling of the mushroom bed, which affects the efficiency of morel mycelium in absorbing nutrients and its survival, thus leading to a decrease in morel yield and a deterioration in quality.

[0004] For example, Chinese invention patent applications “An Edible Fungus Cultivation Device for Realizing Soil Transport and Nutrient Delivery” (application number: 202310294755.6), “Morel Mushroom Cultivation Device and Method” (application number: 202210655298.4), and “An Integrated Cultivation Machine for Morel Mushroom Cultivation” (application number: 202221446949.0) have solved some of the problems in laying nutrient bags during morel mushroom cultivation. However, their morel mushroom cultivation devices are mostly integrated and suitable for greenhouse vertical cultivation. They cannot achieve delayed laying of morel mushroom nutrient bags, that is, laying nutrient bags 7 to 15 days after morel mushrooms are sown and the seedbed has grown a frost. For example, the Chinese invention patent application "An Auxiliary Device for Morel Mushroom Cultivation" (application number: 202211245078.0) is used to assist in the opening and laying of nutrient bags. However, this device has a complex structure, requires manual support, can only place one nutrient bag at a time, and the interval between placing the nutrient bags needs to be manually controlled. At the same time, the placement of the nutrient bags will disturb the soil, affecting the growth of mycelium. It can be seen that the existing nutrient bag laying device is not suitable for the opening and laying of nutrient bags in the furrowing and ridging sowing mode under solar greenhouses. There is an urgent need to develop an external nutrient bag opening and laying device for morel mushrooms that is compatible with the cultivation process in the greenhouse cultivation mode. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the purpose of this invention is to provide a self-propelled morel mushroom external nutrient bag opening and laying machine, which can realize the opening and orderly laying of external nutrient bags. The laying spacing of the nutrient bags is adjustable, and the opening method can be changed, which can improve the efficiency of nutrient bag laying, reduce labor costs, and facilitate subsequent nutrient bag recycling and returning to the field, thereby improving production efficiency and morel mushroom yield, reducing costs, and promoting the modernization and large-scale cultivation of the morel mushroom industry.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A self-propelled morel mushroom external nutrient bag opening and laying machine includes a frame 1 and a walking mechanism 2, a nutrient bag pushing mechanism 3, a nutrient bag opening mechanism 4, a nutrient bag laying mechanism 5 and a pressing mechanism 6 installed on the frame 1.

[0008] The frame 1 includes a front crossbeam 101, a battery mounting bracket 102, a middle crossbeam 103, a longitudinal beam 104, a rear crossbeam 105, a crankshaft mounting bracket 106, an opening mechanism mounting bracket 107, and a storage box mounting bracket 108. The front crossbeam 101, middle crossbeam 103, and rear crossbeam 105 are sequentially fixed to the left and right longitudinal beams 104 from front to back. The battery mounting bracket 102, opening mechanism mounting bracket 107, and storage box mounting bracket 108 are sequentially fixed to the left and right longitudinal beams 104 from bottom to top. The battery mounting bracket 102 is located between the front crossbeam 101 and the middle crossbeam 103. A pair of crankshaft mounting brackets 106 are fixed to the rear ends of the left and right longitudinal beams 104.

[0009] The opening mechanism mounting frame 107 includes a first mounting beam 107-1, a second mounting beam 107-2, a push box mounting plate 107-3, and a push-pull device mounting plate 107-4. The first mounting beam 107-1 and the second mounting beam 107-2 are fixed to the left and right longitudinal beams 104 by columns, respectively located above the front cross beam 101 and the battery mounting frame 102. Three push box mounting plates 107-3 spaced at a certain distance are fixed to the first mounting beam 107-1 and the second mounting beam 107-2 along the longitudinal direction of the machine by columns. Three push-pull device mounting plates 107-4 spaced at a certain distance are fixed to the first mounting beam 107-1 and the second mounting beam 107-2 along the longitudinal direction of the machine.

[0010] The walking mechanism 2 includes a steering axle 201, a drive axle 202 and a battery box 203 mounted on the frame 1; wherein the battery box 203 is fixed on the battery mounting bracket 102.

[0011] The nutrient bag pushing mechanism 3 includes a nutrient bag storage box 301, a nutrient bag pushing box 302, a nutrient bag pushing plate 303, and a pushing plate driving device 304.

[0012] Three parallel nutrient bag storage boxes 301, spaced at a certain distance, are fixedly mounted on a storage box fixing frame 108. The nutrient bag storage boxes 301 are vertically connected and divided into three identical storage slots from front to back by a partition. Below each nutrient bag storage box 301, a nutrient bag pushing box 302 is horizontally arranged, and the three nutrient bag pushing boxes 302 are fixedly mounted on three pushing box mounting plates 107-3. The nutrient bag pushing boxes 302 are spaced a certain distance from the nutrient bag storage boxes 301, with the front and middle parts of the pushing boxes 302 corresponding to the nutrient bag storage boxes 301. A nutrient bag pusher plate 303 is positioned between the pushing boxes 302 and the nutrient bag storage boxes 301 and can slide back and forth within the front and middle areas of the pushing boxes 302 to control the falling of nutrient bags from the storage boxes 301 and to push the nutrient bags to the rear of the pushing boxes 302.

[0013] The nutrient bag pusher box 302 includes a side baffle 302-1, an upper baffle 302-2, and a pusher base plate 302-4; the two side baffles 302-1 are fixed to the left and right sides of the pusher base plate 302-4, and the pusher base plate 302-4 has an opening hole 302-3 at the rear; the upper baffle 302-2 is fixed to the rear of the two side baffles 302-1 and is located directly above the opening hole 302-3.

[0014] The nutrient bag pusher plate 303 is J-shaped, having an upper horizontal section, a curved section, and a lower horizontal section. The upper horizontal section is located in the gap between the nutrient bag storage box 301 and the nutrient bag pusher box 302. The curved section is located within the three nutrient bag pusher boxes 302 and can enter between the upper baffle 302-2 and the pusher bottom plate 302-4. The lower surface of the lower horizontal section is parallel to the pusher bottom plate 302-4 and spaced a certain distance apart. The curved section and the lower horizontal section are provided with four pusher plate grooves 303-1, which correspond one-to-one with the side baffles 302-1 on the right side of the nutrient bag pusher box 302 on the left, the two side baffles 302-1 on the middle nutrient bag pusher box 302, and the side baffle 302-1 on the left side of the nutrient bag pusher box 302 on the right, respectively, so that the nutrient bag pusher plate 303 can slide back and forth in the front and middle areas of the nutrient bag pusher box 302.

[0015] Two push plate drive devices 304, parallel to the longitudinal direction of the machine, are fixedly connected to the first mounting beam 107-1 and the second mounting beam 107-2, located at the interval between the three nutrient bag push boxes 302. Each push plate drive device 304 includes a linear module 304-1 and a module slider 304-2. The linear module 304-1 is fixedly connected to the first mounting beam 107-1 and the second mounting beam 107-2. The module slider 304-2 is mounted on the linear module 304-1 and fixedly connected to the lower surface of the curved part of the nutrient bag push plate 303, driving the nutrient bag push plate 303 to reciprocate linearly along the linear module 304-1.

[0016] Three sets of nutrient bag opening mechanisms 4 are arranged below three nutrient bag pushing boxes 302, and are used to open the nutrient bags pushed into the opening holes 302-3 of the nutrient bag pushing box 302. The nutrient bag opening mechanism 4 includes a push-pull device 401, a lifting device 402, an opening cutter 403, a push-pull rod 404, and a module push rod 405. The push-pull device 401 is fixed to the push-pull device mounting plate 107-4 and is located on the side of the linear module 304-1. The lifting device 402 is fixed to the second mounting beam 107-2.

[0017] The push-pull device 401 includes a front slide plate 401-1, a slider spring 401-2, a sliding wedge spring 401-3, a push-pull slider 401-4, a rear slide plate 401-5, a side slide plate 401-6, a sliding wedge 401-7, and a fixed wedge 401-8. The front slide plate 401-1, the rear slide plate 401-5, and the two side slide plates 401-6 are fixedly connected to each other, forming a push-pull slide parallel to the linear module 304-1. The push-pull slider 401-4 is installed in the push-pull slide and can slide freely along the axial direction of the push-pull slide. The two ends of the slider spring 401-2 are fixedly connected to the front slide plate 401-1 and the push-pull slider. The sliding wedge 401-4 is positioned on the slider 401-4 and is located at the rear of the push-pull slide groove. The sliding wedge 401-7 is arranged on the side close to the linear module 304-1, perpendicular to the axial direction of the push-pull slide groove, and is telescopically mounted on the push-pull slider 401-4 via the sliding wedge spring 401-3. The fixed wedge 401-8 is fixedly connected to the front of the slide groove side plate 401-6 on the same side as the sliding wedge 401-7, and the inclined surface of the fixed wedge 401-8 is opposite to the inclined surface of the sliding wedge 401-7. When the sliding wedge spring 401-3 is in the extended state, the sliding wedge 401-7 protrudes outward from the fixed wedge 401-8.

[0018] The opening mechanism 402 includes an opening push rod 402-1, an opening slide rail 402-2, and an opening slider 402-3.

[0019] The opening slide rail frame 402-2 is U-shaped, having an upper horizontal part, a lower horizontal part, and a vertical part. The lower horizontal part is fixed to the second mounting beam 107-2, and an opening slide rail is provided on the upper surface of the lower horizontal part along the longitudinal direction of the machine. The opening slider 402-3 is installed on the opening slide rail and passes through the vertical part to be fixed to the rear end of the push-pull rod 404. The front end of the push-pull rod 404 is fixed to the sliding wedge block 401-7. The thickness of the opening slider 402-3 gradually increases from front to back, that is, the upper surface of the opening slider 402-3 is an inclined surface that is lower in the front and higher in the back. The opening push rod 402-1 is vertically and movable up and down on the upper horizontal part. The opening cutter 403 is detachably fixed to the top end of the opening push rod 402-1. The bottom end of the opening push rod 402-1 contacts the upper surface of the opening slider 402-3. A return spring is provided at the lower part of the opening push rod 402-1.

[0020] The module push rod 405 is fixedly connected to the module slider 304-2 of the push plate drive device 304 on the side opposite to the sliding wedge 401-7, and is located in the same horizontal plane as the sliding wedge 401-7, and can contact the part of the sliding wedge 401-7 that protrudes from the fixed wedge 401-8.

[0021] The nutrient bag laying mechanism 5 is inclinedly set at the rear end of the nutrient bag pushing box 302 and fixedly connected to the left and right longitudinal beams 104. It is used to receive the opened nutrient bags falling from the nutrient bag pushing box 302 and adjust the posture of the nutrient bags so that the nutrient bags are laid on the ground with the open side facing down.

[0022] The pressing mechanism 6 is installed on the rear crossbeam 105 and is used to press the laid-out nutrient bags.

[0023] The distance between the upper baffle 302-2 and the push bottom plate 302-4 is greater than the thickness of the nutrient bag; the size of the opening 302-3 is smaller than the size of the nutrient bag.

[0024] The rear of the two adjacent nutrient bag push boxes 302 are equipped with connecting plates.

[0025] The upper baffle 302-2 has an arc-shaped transition plate at its front end to ensure that the nutrient bag can smoothly enter the opening area and prevent the upper surface of the nutrient bag from being torn.

[0026] The opening cutter 403 consists of three parallel blades, a cross blade, or a spiked array. Different blade types can be selected according to different process requirements to achieve different opening shapes for nutrient bags.

[0027] The nutrient bag laying mechanism 5 includes a nutrient bag posture adjustment slide plate 501, a laying rotating plate 502, and a rotating plate driving device. The nutrient bag posture adjustment slide plate 501 is tilted at a certain angle, with its front end fixed to the rear end of the nutrient bag pushing box 302, and its left and right sides fixed to the left and right longitudinal beams 104. The nutrient bag posture adjustment slide plate 501 is provided with three slides that correspond one-to-one with the nutrient bag pushing box 302. Each slide has a laying rotating plate 502 at its end. The laying rotating plate 502 is hinged to the nutrient bag posture adjustment slide plate 501 and is controlled to rotate and reset by the rotating plate driving device. When the nutrient bag falls from the rear end of the nutrient bag pushing box 302 to the slide, it is blocked by one side plate of the slide and rotated at a certain angle before continuing to slide downward and backward to the laying rotating plate 502. The rotating plate driving device controls the laying rotating plate 502 to rotate downward, so that the nutrient bag is laid on the ground with its open side facing down.

[0028] The nutrient bag position adjustment slide plate 501 includes a slide base plate 501-1, a right baffle 501-2, a left baffle 501-3, a rear baffle 501-4, and a slide plate hinge ear 501-5. The slide base plate 501-1 is provided with three sets of left baffles 501-3 and right baffles 501-2. Each set of left baffles 501-3 and right baffles 501-2 constitutes the slide, which is wider at the front and narrower at the rear. The rear of each set of left baffles 501-3 and right baffles 501-2 protrudes rearward from the slide base plate 501-1 and is hinged to a laying turntable 502 through the slide plate hinge ear 501-5 provided on the lower edge. The rear ends of the left baffles 501-3 and right baffles 501-2 are fixedly connected to the rear baffle 501-4.

[0029] The front ends of the left baffle 501-3 and the right baffle 501-2 are provided with attitude adjustment plates at a certain angle to the longitudinal direction of the machine, which are used to prevent the nutrient bags from sliding down and rotate them at a certain angle.

[0030] The laying plate 502 includes a plate 502-1, an arc-shaped baffle 502-2, and a plate hinge ear 502-3. A pair of plate hinge ears 502-3 are arranged on the left and right sides of the plate 502-1 and are used to be hinged with the sliding plate hinge ear 501-5 through the hinge shaft. The arc-shaped baffle 502-2 is arranged on the lower front end of the plate 502-1.

[0031] The rotating plate drive device includes a bearing housing 503, a crankshaft connecting rod 504, a rotating plate crankshaft 505, a crankshaft gear 506, and a chain 507.

[0032] The crankshaft 505 includes a main journal 505-1 and connecting rod journals 505-2; both ends of the main journal 505-1 are mounted on the crankshaft mounting bracket 106 via bearing seats 503; the crankshaft gear 506 is fixed to the main journal 505-1 and transmits power from the drive axle 202 via a chain 507; the main journal 505-1 is provided with three connecting rod journals 505-2, which divide the main journal 505-1 into four segments; the connecting rod... Neck 505-2 has two parallel convex plates and a connecting rod shaft fixed between the two convex plates; one end of the crankshaft connecting rod 504 is hinged to the connecting rod shaft of the connecting rod journal 505-2, and the other end is hinged to the rear lower surface of the laying turntable 502; as the drive axle 202 rotates, the main journal 505-1 and the connecting rod journal 505-2 are driven to rotate through the chain 507 and the crankshaft gear 506, and as the connecting rod journal 505-2 rotates, the laying turntable 502 is driven to rotate around the hinge shaft through the crankshaft connecting rod 504.

[0033] Of the three connecting rod journals 505-2, the connecting rod axes of the two connecting rod journals 505-2 on the left and right sides are on the same straight line, while the connecting rod axis of the middle connecting rod journal 505-2 is not on the same straight line as the connecting rod axes of the two connecting rod journals 505-2 on the left and right sides. This makes the rotating plates 502-1 of the two left and right laying rotating plates 502 on the left and right sides in the same plane and rotate together. They are at a certain angle to the rotating plate 502-1 of the middle laying rotating plate 502, which makes the two nutrient bags laid on the left and right parallel and at a certain distance from the middle nutrient bag.

[0034] The angle between the nutrient bag posture adjustment slide plate 501 and the horizontal plane is 28°; the distance between the three rear baffles 501-4 in the nutrient bag posture adjustment slide plate 501 is 160mm.

[0035] The pressing mechanism 6 includes a fixed plate 601, telescopic rods 602, pressing rollers 603, and pressing springs 604. The fixed plate 601 is fixed to the rear crossbeam 105. The first ends of the two adjustable telescopic rods 602 are hinged to the fixed plate 601, and the last ends are connected to the pressing rollers 603. The upper end of the pressing spring 604 is mounted on the fixed plate 601, and the lower end is hinged to the middle of the telescopic rods 602.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0037] The external nutrient bag opening and laying machine of this invention has a compact structure and adjustable working row spacing; the working width is 1000mm, which is suitable for the widely used morel mushroom planting width. It can realize continuous opening and laying of morel mushroom external nutrient bags, and the laying interval of nutrient bags can be adjusted by adjusting the forward speed of the whole machine; different opening blades can achieve different opening shapes of morel mushroom external nutrient bags to meet different process requirements; the pressing device can press the laid nutrient bags to make the opening of the nutrient bags close to the ground and reduce the growth of miscellaneous bacteria; the transmission structure is reasonably designed, which helps to reduce the fluctuation of the opening operation and the laying machine during operation, so that the whole machine runs smoothly. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the self-propelled morel mushroom external nutrient bag opening and laying machine of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the walking mechanism 2 and part of the frame of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of frame 1;

[0041] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the nutrient bag pushing mechanism 3;

[0042] Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of the nutrient bag storage box 301;

[0043] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the nutrient bag delivery box 302;

[0044] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of the nutrient bag push plate 303;

[0045] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the push plate drive device 304 and the nutrient bag opening mechanism 4.

[0046] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of the nutrient bag opening mechanism 4 and the nutrient bag pushing box 302;

[0047] Figure 10a , Figure 10b , Figure 10c The diagram shows the top view, front view, and cross-sectional view of the push-pull device 401.

[0048] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting device 402.

[0049] Figure 12a , Figure 12b , Figure 12c Schematic diagram of the structure of the opening tool 403 with different blade types;

[0050] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the nutrient bag laying mechanism 5;

[0051] Figure 14 A schematic diagram of the structure of the nutrient bag positioning adjustment slide 501;

[0052] Figure 15 A schematic diagram of the structure for laying the rotating plate 502;

[0053] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the crankshaft 505.

[0054] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the suppression mechanism 6;

[0055] Figures 18a to 18h A schematic diagram of the operation of the nutrient bag pushing mechanism 3;

[0056] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the operation of the self-propelled morel mushroom external nutrient bag opening and laying machine of the present invention.

[0057] The reference numerals in the attached figures are:

[0058] 1 rack

[0059] 101 Front crossbeam 102 Battery mounting bracket

[0060] 103 Intermediate crossbeam 104 Longitudinal beam

[0061] 105 rear crossbeam 106 crankshaft mounting bracket

[0062] 107 Opening Mechanism Fixing Frame

[0063] 107-1 First mounting beam; 107-2 Second mounting beam

[0064] 107-3 Push box mounting plate; 107-4 Push-pull device mounting plate

[0065] 108 storage box mounting bracket

[0066] 2 Walking mechanism

[0067] 201 Steering Axle 202 Drive Axle

[0068] 203 drive battery

[0069] 3. Nutrient bag delivery organization

[0070] 301 Nutrient Bag Storage Box

[0071] 302 Nutrient Bag Push Box

[0072] 302-1 Side baffle; 302-2 Upper baffle

[0073] 302-3 Opening hole; 302-4 Push base plate

[0074] 303 Nutrient Bag Push Plate

[0075] 303-1 Push Plate Slide

[0076] 304 push plate drive device

[0077] 304-1 Linear Module, 304-2 Module Slider

[0078] 4. Nutrient bag opening mechanism

[0079] 401 Push-Pull Device

[0080] 401-1 Slide rail front plate; 401-2 Slider spring

[0081] 401-3 Sliding wedge spring; 401-4 Push-pull slider

[0082] 401-5 Slide rail rear plate; 401-6 Slide rail side plate

[0083] 401-7 Sliding wedge block; 401-8 Fixed wedge block

[0084] 402 lifting device

[0085] 402-1 Open-end push rod; 402-2 Open-end slide rail bracket

[0086] 402-3 Opening Slider

[0087] 403 opening tool 404 push-pull rod

[0088] 405 module push rod

[0089] 5. Nutrient bag placement mechanism

[0090] 501 Nutrient Bag Position Adjustment Slide

[0091] 501-1 Slide base plate; 501-2 Right baffle

[0092] 501-3 Left baffle; 501-4 Rear baffle

[0093] 501-5 Slide Board Hinge

[0094] 502 Laying and Turning Plate

[0095] 502-1 Rotating Plate; 502-2 Arc-shaped Baffle

[0096] 502-3 Rotary Plate Hinge

[0097] 503 bearing housing, 504 crankshaft connecting rod

[0098] 505 rotary crankshaft

[0099] 505-1 main journal; 505-2 connecting rod journal

[0100] 506 crankshaft gear, 507 chain

[0101] 6 repressive agencies

[0102] 601 Fixed plate, 602 Telescopic pole

[0103] 603 compression roller, 604 compression spring

[0104] 7 nutrition bags Detailed Implementation

[0105] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0106] like Figure 1 As shown, a self-propelled morel mushroom external nutrient bag opening and laying machine includes a frame 1 and a walking mechanism 2, a nutrient bag pushing mechanism 3, a nutrient bag opening mechanism 4, a nutrient bag laying mechanism 5 and a pressing mechanism 6 installed on the frame 1.

[0107] like Figure 3As shown, the frame 1 includes a front crossbeam 101, a battery mounting bracket 102, a middle crossbeam 103, longitudinal beams 104, a rear crossbeam 105, a crankshaft mounting bracket 106, an opening mechanism mounting bracket 107, and a storage tank mounting bracket 108. The front crossbeam 101, middle crossbeam 103, and rear crossbeam 105 are sequentially fixed to the left and right longitudinal beams 104 from front to back; the battery mounting bracket 102, opening mechanism mounting bracket 107, and storage tank mounting bracket 108 are sequentially fixed to the left and right longitudinal beams 104 from bottom to top, with the battery mounting bracket 102 located between the front crossbeam 101 and the middle crossbeam 103; a pair of crankshaft mounting brackets 106 are fixed to the rear ends of the left and right longitudinal beams 104.

[0108] The opening mechanism mounting frame 107 includes a first mounting beam 107-1, a second mounting beam 107-2, a push box mounting plate 107-3, and a push-pull device mounting plate 107-4. The first mounting beam 107-1 and the second mounting beam 107-2 are fixed to the left and right longitudinal beams 104 by columns, respectively located above the front cross beam 101 and the battery mounting frame 102. Three push box mounting plates 107-3 spaced at a certain distance are fixed to the first mounting beam 107-1 and the second mounting beam 107-2 along the longitudinal direction of the machine by columns. Three push-pull device mounting plates 107-4 spaced at a certain distance are fixed to the first mounting beam 107-1 and the second mounting beam 107-2 along the longitudinal direction of the machine.

[0109] like Figure 2 As shown, the walking mechanism 2 includes a steering axle 201, a drive axle 202 and a battery box 203 mounted on the frame 1; wherein the battery box 203 is fixed on the battery mounting bracket 102.

[0110] like Figure 4 As shown, the nutrient bag pushing mechanism 3 includes a nutrient bag storage box 301, a nutrient bag pushing box 302, a nutrient bag pushing plate 303, and a pushing plate driving device 304.

[0111] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, three nutrient bag storage boxes 301 arranged side by side and spaced a certain distance apart are fixed to the storage box mounting frame 108. Figure 5As shown, the nutrient bag storage box 301 is vertically continuous and divided into three identical storage slots from front to back by a partition. Below each nutrient bag storage box 301, a nutrient bag pushing box 302 is horizontally arranged, and the three nutrient bag pushing boxes 302 are fixed to three pushing box mounting plates 107-3. The nutrient bag pushing boxes 302 are spaced a certain distance from the nutrient bag storage box 301, with the front and middle parts of the pushing boxes 302 corresponding to the nutrient bag storage box 301. The nutrient bag pusher plate 303 is positioned between the nutrient bag pushing boxes 302 and the nutrient bag storage box 301, and can slide back and forth within the front and middle areas of the pushing boxes 302 to control the falling of nutrient bags from the storage box 301 and to push the nutrient bags to the rear of the pushing boxes 302.

[0112] Preferably, the distance between two adjacent nutrient bag storage boxes 301 is 150mm.

[0113] like Figure 6 As shown, the nutrient bag pusher box 302 includes a side baffle 302-1, an upper baffle 302-2, and a pusher base plate 302-4; the two side baffles 302-1 are fixed to the left and right sides of the pusher base plate 302-4, and the pusher base plate 302-4 has an opening hole 302-3 at the rear; the upper baffle 302-2 is fixed to the rear of the two side baffles 302-1 and is located directly above the opening hole 302-3, and is used to hold the upper surface of the nutrient bag during the opening process of the nutrient bag to ensure that the opening operation is completed smoothly.

[0114] The distance between the upper baffle 302-2 and the push base plate 302-4 is slightly greater than the thickness of the nutrient bag; the size of the opening 302-3 is smaller than the size of the nutrient bag.

[0115] Preferably, a connecting plate is provided at the rear of two adjacent nutrient bag push boxes 302.

[0116] Preferably, the front end of the upper baffle 302-2 has an arc-shaped transition plate to ensure that the nutrient bag can smoothly enter the opening area and prevent the upper surface of the nutrient bag from being torn.

[0117] like Figure 7As shown, the nutrient bag pusher plate 303 is J-shaped, having an upper horizontal part, a curved part, and a lower horizontal part. The upper horizontal part is located in the gap between the nutrient bag storage box 301 and the nutrient bag pusher box 302. The curved part is located inside the three nutrient bag pusher boxes 302 and can enter between the upper baffle 302-2 and the pusher bottom plate 302-4. The lower surface of the lower horizontal part is parallel to the pusher bottom plate 302-4 and spaced a certain distance apart. The curved part and the lower horizontal part are provided with four pusher plate grooves 303-1, which correspond one-to-one with the side baffle 302-1 on the right side of the nutrient bag pusher box 302 on the left, the two side baffles 302-1 on the middle nutrient bag pusher box 302, and the side baffle 302-1 on the left side of the nutrient bag pusher box 302 on the right, so that the nutrient bag pusher plate 303 can slide back and forth in the front and middle areas of the nutrient bag pusher box 302.

[0118] like Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, two pusher drive devices 304, parallel to the longitudinal direction of the machine, are fixedly connected to the first mounting beam 107-1 and the second mounting beam 107-2, located at the interval between the three nutrient bag push boxes 302. The pusher drive device 304 includes a linear module 304-1 and a module slider 304-2. The linear module 304-1 is fixedly connected to the first mounting beam 107-1 and the second mounting beam 107-2. The module slider 304-2 is mounted on the linear module 304-1 and fixedly connected to the lower surface of the curved part of the nutrient bag pusher 303, driving the nutrient bag pusher 303 to reciprocate linearly along the linear module 304-1.

[0119] like Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, three sets of nutrient bag opening mechanisms 4 are arranged below three nutrient bag pushing boxes 302, used to open the nutrient bags pushed into the opening holes 302-3 of the nutrient bag pushing box 302. The nutrient bag opening mechanism 4 includes a push-pull device 401, a lifting device 402, an opening cutter 403, a push-pull rod 404, and a module push rod 405. The push-pull device 401 is fixed to the push-pull device mounting plate 107-4 and located on the side of the linear module 304-1; the lifting device 402 is fixed to the second mounting beam 107-2.

[0120] like Figures 10a-10cAs shown, the push-pull device 401 includes a front slide plate 401-1, a slider spring 401-2, a sliding wedge spring 401-3, a push-pull slider 401-4, a rear slide plate 401-5, a side slide plate 401-6, a sliding wedge 401-7, and a fixed wedge 401-8. The front slide plate 401-1, the rear slide plate 401-5, and the two side slide plates 401-6 are fixedly connected to each other, forming a push-pull slide parallel to the linear module 304-1. The push-pull slider 401-4 is installed in the push-pull slide and can slide freely along the axial direction of the push-pull slide. The two ends of the slider spring 401-2 are fixedly connected to the front slide plate 401-1 and the push-pull slider 401-8. The sliding block 401-4 is pulled and positioned at the rear of the push-pull slide groove; the sliding wedge 401-7 is arranged on the side near the linear module 304-1, perpendicular to the axial direction of the push-pull slide groove, and is telescopically mounted on the push-pull block 401-4 by the sliding wedge spring 401-3; the fixed wedge 401-8 is fixedly connected to the front of the slide groove side plate 401-6 on the same side as the sliding wedge 401-7, and the inclined surface of the fixed wedge 401-8 is opposite to the inclined surface of the sliding wedge 401-7; when the sliding wedge spring 401-3 is in the extended state, the sliding wedge 401-7 protrudes outward from the fixed wedge 401-8.

[0121] like Figure 11 As shown, the opening lifting mechanism 402 includes an opening push rod 402-1, an opening slide rail frame 402-2, and an opening slider 402-3;

[0122] The opening slide rail frame 402-2 is U-shaped, having an upper horizontal part, a lower horizontal part, and a vertical part. The lower horizontal part is fixed to the second mounting beam 107-2, and an opening slide rail is provided on the upper surface of the lower horizontal part along the longitudinal direction of the machine. The opening slider 402-3 is installed on the opening slide rail and passes through the vertical part to be fixed to the rear end of the push-pull rod 404. The front end of the push-pull rod 404 is fixed to the sliding wedge block 401-7. The thickness of the opening slider 402-3 gradually increases from front to back, that is, the upper surface of the opening slider 402-3 is an inclined surface that is lower in the front and higher in the back. The opening push rod 402-1 is vertically and movable up and down on the upper horizontal part. The opening cutter 403 is detachably fixed to the top end of the opening push rod 402-1. The bottom end of the opening push rod 402-1 contacts the upper surface of the opening slider 402-3. A return spring is provided at the lower part of the opening push rod 402-1.

[0123] The module push rod 405 is fixedly connected to the module slider 304-2 of the push plate drive device 304 on the side opposite to the sliding wedge 401-7, and is located in the same horizontal plane as the sliding wedge 401-7, and can contact the part of the sliding wedge 401-7 that protrudes from the fixed wedge 401-8.

[0124] like Figure 12a , Figure 12b and Figure 12c As shown, the opening cutter 403 consists of three parallel blades, a cross blade, or a spiked array. Different blade types can be selected according to different process requirements to achieve different opening shapes for nutrient bags.

[0125] The nutrient bag laying mechanism 5 is inclinedly set at the rear end of the nutrient bag pushing box 302 and fixedly connected to the left and right longitudinal beams 104. It is used to receive the opened nutrient bags that fall from the nutrient bag pushing box 302 and lay them on the ground after adjusting their posture.

[0126] like Figure 13 As shown, the nutrient bag laying mechanism 5 includes a nutrient bag posture adjustment slide plate 501, a laying rotating plate 502, and a rotating plate driving device. The nutrient bag posture adjustment slide plate 501 is tilted at a certain angle, with its front end fixed to the rear end of the nutrient bag pushing box 302, and its left and right sides fixed to the left and right longitudinal beams 104. The nutrient bag posture adjustment slide plate 501 is provided with three slides that correspond one-to-one with the nutrient bag pushing box 302. Each slide has a laying rotating plate 502 at its end. The laying rotating plate 502 is hinged to the nutrient bag posture adjustment slide plate 501 and is controlled to rotate and reset by the rotating plate driving device. When the nutrient bag falls from the rear end of the nutrient bag pushing box 302 to the slide, it is blocked by one side plate of the slide and rotated at a certain angle, and then continues to slide downward and backward to the laying rotating plate 502. The rotating plate driving device controls the laying rotating plate 502 to rotate downward, so that the nutrient bag is laid on the ground with its open side facing down.

[0127] like Figure 14 As shown, the nutrient bag position adjustment slide plate 501 includes a slide base plate 501-1, a right baffle 501-2, a left baffle 501-3, a rear baffle 501-4, and a slide plate hinge ear 501-5. The slide base plate 501-1 is provided with three sets of left baffles 501-3 and right baffles 501-2. Each set of left baffles 501-3 and right baffles 501-2 constitutes the slide, which is wider at the front and narrower at the rear. The rear of each set of left baffles 501-3 and right baffles 501-2 protrudes rearward from the slide base plate 501-1 and is hinged to a laying turntable 502 through the slide plate hinge ear 501-5 provided on the lower edge. The rear ends of the left baffles 501-3 and right baffles 501-2 are fixedly connected to the rear baffle 501-4.

[0128] The front ends of the left baffle 501-3 and the right baffle 501-2 are provided with attitude adjustment plates at a certain angle to the longitudinal direction of the machine, which are used to prevent the nutrient bags from sliding down and rotate them at a certain angle.

[0129] Preferably, the angle between the nutrient bag posture adjustment slide plate 501 and the horizontal plane is 28°.

[0130] like Figure 15 As shown, the laying plate 502 includes a plate 502-1, an arc-shaped baffle 502-2, and a plate hinge ear 502-3. A pair of plate hinge ears 502-3 are disposed on the left and right sides of the plate 502-1, and are used to be hinged with the slide plate hinge ear 501-5 through the hinge shaft. The arc-shaped baffle 502-2 is disposed on the lower front end of the plate 502-1, and is used to abut against the subsequent nutrient bag on the slide when the rear of the plate 502-1 rotates downward, preventing it from continuing to slide down.

[0131] like Figure 13 As shown, the rotating plate drive device includes a bearing housing 503, a crankshaft connecting rod 504, a rotating plate crankshaft 505, a crankshaft gear 506, and a chain 507;

[0132] like Figure 16 As shown, the crankshaft 505 includes a main journal 505-1 and a connecting rod journal 505-2; both ends of the main journal 505-1 are mounted on the crankshaft mounting bracket 106 via bearing seats 503; the crankshaft gear 506 is fixedly connected to the main journal 505-1 and transmits power from the drive axle 202 via a chain 507; the main journal 505-1 is provided with three connecting rod journals 505-2, which divide the main journal 505-1 into four segments; each connecting rod journal 505-2 has two parallel convex plates and a connecting rod shaft fixed between the two convex plates; one end of the crankshaft connecting rod 504 is hinged to the connecting rod shaft of the connecting rod journal 505-2, and the other end is hinged to the lower rear surface of the rotating plate 502. As the drive axle 202 rotates, the main shaft journal 505-1 and connecting rod journal 505-2 rotate via the chain 507 and crankshaft gear 506. As the connecting rod journal 505-2 rotates, the laying plate 502 rotates around the hinge axis via the crankshaft connecting rod 504.

[0133] like Figure 16 As shown, preferably, to meet the requirements of the nutrient bag laying process, among the three connecting rod journals 505-2, the connecting rod shafts of the two connecting rod journals 505-2 on the left and right sides are located on the same straight line, while the connecting rod shaft of the middle connecting rod journal 505-2 is not on the same straight line as the connecting rod shafts of the two connecting rod journals 505-2 on the left and right sides. This ensures that the two left and right laying rotating plates 502-1 are on the same plane and rotate together, with a certain angle between them and the middle laying rotating plate 502-1. This makes the two nutrient bags laid parallel and have a certain distance between them and the middle nutrient bag. Figure 19 As shown.

[0134] Preferably, the distance between the three rear baffles 501-4 in the nutrient bag position adjustment slide plate 501 is 160mm.

[0135] The pressing mechanism 6 is installed on the rear crossbeam 105 and is used to press the laid-out nutrient bags.

[0136] like Figure 17 As shown, the pressing mechanism 6 includes a fixed plate 601, telescopic rods 602, pressing rollers 603, and pressing springs 604. The fixed plate 601 is fixedly connected to the rear crossbeam 105. The first ends of the two adjustable telescopic rods 602 are hinged to the fixed plate 601, and the ends are connected to the pressing rollers 603. The upper end of the pressing spring 604 is mounted on the fixed plate 601, and the lower end is hinged to the middle of the telescopic rods 602.

[0137] Preferably, the length of the pressing roller 603 is 850 mm.

[0138] The working process of this invention is as follows:

[0139] Once the morel mushroom spawn bed has grown into a mycelial frost in the greenhouse cultivation mode, the invention is used to open and lay out the external nutrient bags.

[0140] In the initial state, the nutrient bag pusher plate 303 is located below the nutrient bag storage boxes 301, completely covering the bottom of the three nutrient bag storage boxes 301. The nutrient bags from the nine storage slots rest on the upper surface of the horizontal part of the nutrient bag pusher plate 303, as shown. Figure 18a As shown, for ease of demonstration, Figure 18a Only one set of nutrient bag storage box 301 with three storage slots of nutrient bags is drawn; at this time, the push-pull slider 401-4 is at the rear of the push-pull slide, the sliding wedge 401-7 protrudes from the fixed wedge 401-8, and the module push rod 405 is located on the rear side of the sliding wedge 401-7.

[0141] Nutrient bag delivery process:

[0142] At the start of operation, the nutrient bag pusher plate 303 moves forward with the module slider 304-2, stopping below the middle storage slot of the nutrient bag storage box 301. At this point, the bottommost nutrient bag in the rear storage slot falls into the nutrient bag pusher box 302. (See below) Figure 18b Subsequently, the nutrient bag pusher plate 303 moves backward along with the module slider 304-2, pushing the nutrient bag inside the nutrient bag pusher box 302 backward along the pusher base plate 302-4 to the opening hole 302-3 to complete the opening operation. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 18c At this point, the nutrient bag pusher plate 303 is in its initial position; then the nutrient bag pusher plate 303 repeats the above back-and-forth movement until all the nutrient bags in the rear storage slot of the nutrient bag storage box 301 fall into the nutrient bag pusher box 302; during the forward movement of the nutrient bag pusher plate 303, the nutrient bag opening mechanism 4 completes the nutrient bag opening operation; such as Figure 18dAs shown, the nutrient bag pusher 303 moves backward again to push the current nutrient bag to the opening hole 302-3, and pushes the previous nutrient bag that has completed the opening operation at the opening hole 302-3 away from the nutrient bag pusher box 302 and falls onto the nutrient bag position adjustment slide plate 501.

[0143] like Figures 18e to 18g As shown, when all the nutrient bags in the rear storage slot of the nutrient bag storage box 301 fall into the nutrient bag pusher box 302, the nutrient bag pusher plate 303 moves forward to the bottom of the front storage slot of the nutrient bag storage box 301 and stops, causing the bottommost nutrient bag in the middle storage slot to fall into the nutrient bag pusher box 302. Then the nutrient bag pusher plate 303 continues to repeat the above reciprocating motion until all the nutrient bags in the middle storage slot fall into the nutrient bag pusher box 302.

[0144] When all the nutrient bags in the middle storage slot of the nutrient bag storage box 301 fall into the nutrient bag pusher box 302, the nutrient bag pusher plate 303 moves forward to the front of the front storage slot of the nutrient bag storage box 301, causing the bottommost nutrient bag in the front storage slot to fall into the nutrient bag pusher box 302. Then the nutrient bag pusher plate 303 continues to repeat the above reciprocating motion until all the nutrient bags in the storage slot fall into the nutrient bag pusher box 302.

[0145] like Figure 18h As shown, after the last nutrient bag completes the opening operation, the nutrient bag pusher plate 303 will perform a final bag cleaning movement, that is, the nutrient bag pusher plate 303 moves backward until the curved part of the nutrient bag pusher plate 303 enters between the upper baffle 302-2 and the pusher bottom plate 302-4, pushing the nutrient bag away from the nutrient bag pusher box 302.

[0146] Nutrient bag opening process:

[0147] When the nutrient bag is pushed to the opening 302-3, the module push rod 405 slides forward along the linear module 304-1 with the module slider 304-2. During this process, the module push rod 405 contacts the sliding wedge 401-7 and pulls it and the push-pull slider 401-4 forward. The push-pull slider 401-4 drives the opening slider 402-3 forward through the push-pull rod 404, which in turn causes the opening push rod 402-1 to drive the opening cutter 403 upward, realizing the opening operation of the nutrient bag; the sliding wedge 401-7 continues... Slide forward and gradually contact the fixed wedge 401-8. Under the action of the inclined surfaces of the sliding wedge 401-7 and the fixed wedge 401-8, the sliding wedge 401-7 moves into the push-pull slider 401-4 until the module push rod 405 separates from the sliding wedge 401-7. Then, the sliding wedge 401-7 resets under the action of the sliding wedge spring 401-3. At the same time, the push-pull slider 401-4 resets under the action of the slider spring 401-2, and the opening slider 402-3 and the opening push rod 402-1 also reset.

[0148] Nutrient bag positioning adjustment process:

[0149] After the nutrient bag is pushed out of the nutrient bag pusher box 302 by the nutrient bag pusher plate 303, it first slides down a certain distance along the slide bottom plate 501-1 of the nutrient bag positioning adjustment slide plate 501. Then, one side of the nutrient bag contacts the right baffle 501-2, which rotates it at a certain angle under its resistance, and it slides down along the left baffle 501-3 until it contacts the bottom baffle 501-4. The three rear baffles 501-4 are spaced equally to meet the requirements of the nutrient bag laying process.

[0150] Laying and compaction process:

[0151] As the nutrient bag slides along the nutrient bag position adjustment slide plate 501 to the bottom and contacts the rear baffle 501-4, it is caught by the rotating plate 502-1 of the laying rotating plate 502. When the laying rotating plate 502 rotates around the hinge axis, the arc-shaped baffle 502-2 at the front end of the laying rotating plate 502 rotates upward to stop the subsequent nutrient bag from sliding down. At the same time, the rear end of the laying rotating plate 502 separates from the rear baffle 501-4 until the nutrient bag slides down between the two, completing the laying of the nutrient bag. To meet the requirements of the nutrient bag laying process, among the three connecting rod journals 505-2, the connecting rod axes of the two outermost connecting rod journals 505-2 are aligned on the same straight line, while the connecting rod axis of the middle connecting rod journal 505-2 is not aligned with the connecting rod axes of the two outermost connecting rod journals 505-2. This ensures that the two outermost laying rotating plates 502-1 are on the same plane and rotate together, with a certain angle between them and the middle laying rotating plate 502-1. Consequently, the two outermost nutrient bags are laid parallel to each other, with a certain distance between them and the middle nutrient bag. Simultaneously, the nutrient bag position adjustment slide plate 501 can hold multiple nutrient bags at the same time, which is beneficial for the continuity of nutrient bag laying.

[0152] like Figure 19 As shown, the opened nutrient bags 7 are systematically laid onto the morel mushroom bed by a self-propelled morel mushroom auxiliary nutrient bag opening and laying machine. After passing through the nutrient bag laying mechanism 5, the opened nutrient bags 7 are laid orderly on the ground and compacted by the pressing mechanism 6, ensuring that the open side of the nutrient bags 7 is in close contact with the ground, preventing the nutrients inside the nutrient bags 7 from contacting the outside air and reducing the growth of miscellaneous bacteria. The dimensions of the laid nutrient bags 7 are 160mm*110mm, with a 160mm left-right spacing that is adjustable. The front-to-back spacing of the nutrient bags 7 laid on the ground is also adjustable, which is related to the forward speed of the entire machine and the transmission ratio of the crankshaft gear 506. After the nutrient bags are opened and laid, the entire machine continues to move forward, and the pressing mechanism 6 compacts the laid nutrient bags to ensure that the openings of the nutrient bags are tightly attached to the ground.

[0153] The present invention has a working width of 1000mm, which is suitable for the widely used cultivation width of morel mushrooms. By adjusting the installation position of the straight module 401 and the lifting device 402 and replacing different opening blades 403, different opening methods and laying intervals of morel mushroom nutrient bags can be achieved to adapt to different laying patterns of morel mushroom nutrient bags. This is of great significance for improving labor productivity and promoting the large-scale and modern development of morel mushroom cultivation. The present invention has great potential for widespread application.

[0154] The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-propelled morel mushroom external nutrient bag opening and laying machine, characterized in that, The self-propelled morel mushroom external nutrient bag opening and laying machine includes a frame and a walking mechanism, a nutrient bag pushing mechanism, a nutrient bag opening mechanism, a nutrient bag laying mechanism and a pressing mechanism installed on the frame. The frame includes a front crossbeam, a battery mounting bracket, a middle crossbeam, a longitudinal beam, a rear crossbeam, a crankshaft mounting bracket, an opening mechanism mounting bracket, and a storage box mounting bracket. The walking mechanism includes a steering axle, a drive axle, and a battery box mounted on the frame; The nutrient bag pushing mechanism includes a nutrient bag storage box, a nutrient bag pushing box, a nutrient bag pusher plate, and a pusher plate driving device. Three nutrient bag storage boxes are arranged side by side and spaced at a certain distance from each other and fixed to a storage box fixing frame. Below each nutrient bag storage box, a nutrient bag pushing box is arranged horizontally. The nutrient bag pushing box is spaced at a certain distance from the nutrient bag storage box, and the front and middle parts of the nutrient bag pushing box correspond to the nutrient bag storage box. The nutrient bag pusher is set between the nutrient bag pushing box and the nutrient bag storage box and can slide back and forth in the front and middle areas of the nutrient bag pushing box to control the falling of nutrient bags in the nutrient bag storage box and push the nutrient bags to the rear of the nutrient bag pushing box. Three sets of nutrient bag opening mechanisms are arranged below the three nutrient bag pushing boxes; The nutrient bag laying mechanism is inclinedly set at the rear end of the nutrient bag pushing box and is fixedly connected to the left and right longitudinal beams; The nutrient bag laying mechanism includes a nutrient bag posture adjustment slide, a laying rotating plate, and a rotating plate drive device. The nutrient bag posture adjustment slide is tilted at a certain angle, with its front end fixed to the rear end of the nutrient bag push box and its left and right sides fixed to the left and right longitudinal beams. The nutrient bag posture adjustment slide has three slides that correspond one-to-one with the nutrient bag push box. Each slide has a laying rotating plate at its end. The laying rotating plate is hinged to the nutrient bag posture adjustment slide and is controlled to rotate and reset by the rotating plate drive device. When the nutrient bag falls from the rear end of the nutrient bag push box to the slide, it is blocked by the posture adjustment plate of the slide and rotated at a certain angle before continuing to slide downward and backward to the laying rotating plate. The rotating plate drive device controls the laying rotating plate to rotate downward, so that the nutrient bag is laid on the ground with its open side facing down. The rotating plate drive device includes a bearing housing, a crankshaft connecting rod, a rotating plate crankshaft, a crankshaft gear, and a chain; The crankshaft of the rotating plate includes a main journal and connecting rod journals; both ends of the main journal are mounted on the crankshaft mounting bracket via bearing seats; the crankshaft gear is fixed to the main journal and transmits power from the drive axle via a chain; the main journal has three connecting rod journals, which divide the main journal into four sections; each connecting rod journal has two parallel convex plates and a connecting rod shaft fixed between the two convex plates; one end of the crankshaft connecting rod is hinged to the connecting rod shaft of the connecting rod journal, and the other end is hinged to the rear lower surface of the rotating plate. Of the three connecting rod journals, the connecting rod axes of the two journals on the left and right sides are on the same straight line, while the connecting rod axis of the middle journal is not on the same straight line as the connecting rod axes of the two journals on the left and right sides.

2. The self-propelled morel mushroom external nutrient bag opening and laying machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front crossbeam, middle crossbeam, and rear crossbeam are fixedly connected to the left and right longitudinal beams in sequence from front to back; the battery mounting bracket, opening mechanism mounting bracket, and storage box mounting bracket are fixedly connected to the left and right longitudinal beams in sequence from bottom to top, with the battery mounting bracket located between the front crossbeam and the middle crossbeam; a pair of crankshaft mounting brackets are fixedly connected to the rear ends of the left and right longitudinal beams; wherein, the battery box is fixed on the battery mounting bracket. The opening mechanism mounting frame includes a first mounting beam, a second mounting beam, a push box mounting plate, and a push-pull device mounting plate; the first and second mounting beams are fixed to the left and right longitudinal beams by columns, respectively located above the front crossbeam and the battery mounting frame; three push box mounting plates spaced at a certain distance are fixed to the first and second mounting beams along the longitudinal direction of the machine by columns, and three push-pull device mounting plates spaced at a certain distance are fixed to the first and second mounting beams along the longitudinal direction of the machine.

3. The self-propelled morel mushroom external nutrient bag opening and laying machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The nutrient bag storage box is vertically connected and is divided into three identical storage slots from front to back by a partition; the three nutrient bag push boxes are fixed to the three push box mounting plates.

4. The self-propelled morel mushroom external nutrient bag opening and laying machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nutrient bag pusher box includes side baffles, an upper baffle, and a pusher base plate; the two side baffles are fixed to the left and right sides of the pusher base plate, and the pusher base plate has an opening at the rear; the upper baffle is fixed to the rear of the two side baffles and is located directly above the opening. The nutrient bag pusher plate is J-shaped, having an upper horizontal section, a curved section, and a lower horizontal section. The upper horizontal section is located in the gap between the nutrient bag storage box and the nutrient bag pusher box. The curved section is located inside the three nutrient bag pusher boxes and can enter between the upper baffle and the pusher bottom plate. The lower surface of the lower horizontal section is parallel to the pusher bottom plate and spaced a certain distance apart. The curved section and the lower horizontal section are provided with four pusher plate grooves that correspond one-to-one with the right side baffle of the nutrient bag pusher box on the left, the two side baffles of the nutrient bag pusher box in the middle, and the left side baffle of the nutrient bag pusher box on the right, so that the nutrient bag pusher plate can slide back and forth in the front and middle areas of the nutrient bag pusher box. The distance between the upper baffle and the push bottom plate is greater than the thickness of the nutrient bag; the size of the opening is smaller than the size of the nutrient bag. A connecting plate is provided at the rear of two adjacent nutrient bag delivery boxes; The upper baffle has an arc-shaped transition plate at its front end to ensure that the nutrient bag can smoothly enter the opening area and prevent the upper surface of the nutrient bag from being torn.

5. The self-propelled morel mushroom external nutrient bag opening and laying machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, Two pusher drive devices, parallel to the longitudinal direction of the machine, are fixedly connected to the first and second mounting beams and located at the interval between the three nutrient bag push boxes. Each pusher drive device includes a linear module and a module slider. The linear module is fixedly connected to the first and second mounting beams, and the module slider is mounted on the linear module and fixedly connected to the lower surface of the curved part of the nutrient bag pusher, driving the nutrient bag pusher to reciprocate linearly along the linear module.

6. The self-propelled morel mushroom external nutrient bag opening and laying machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, The nutrient bag opening mechanism includes a push-pull device, a lifting device, an opening cutter, a push-pull rod, and a module push rod; the push-pull device is fixedly connected to the push-pull device mounting plate and located on the side of the linear module; the lifting device is fixedly connected to the second mounting beam. The push-pull device includes a front slide plate, a slider spring, a sliding wedge spring, a push-pull slider, a rear slide plate, a side slide plate, a sliding wedge, and a fixed wedge. The front slide plate, the rear slide plate, and the two side slide plates are fixedly connected to each other, forming a push-pull slide parallel to the linear module. The push-pull slider is installed in the push-pull slide and can slide freely along the axial direction of the slide. The two ends of the slider spring are fixedly connected to the front slide plate and the push-pull slider, placing the push-pull slider at the rear of the push-pull slide. The sliding wedge is arranged near the linear module, perpendicular to the axial direction of the push-pull slide, and can be extended and retracted on the push-pull slider by the sliding wedge spring. The fixed wedge is fixedly connected to the front of the slide side plate on the same side as the sliding wedge, and the inclined surface of the fixed wedge is opposite to the inclined surface of the sliding wedge. When the sliding wedge spring is in the extended state, the sliding wedge protrudes outward from the fixed wedge. The lifting device includes an open push rod, an open slide rail frame, and an open slider; The opening slide rail frame is U-shaped, having an upper horizontal section, a lower horizontal section, and a vertical section. The lower horizontal section is fixed to the second mounting beam, and an opening slide rail is provided on the upper surface of the lower horizontal section along the longitudinal direction of the machine. The opening slider is mounted on the opening slide rail and passes through the vertical section to be fixed to the rear end of the push-pull rod. The front end of the push-pull rod is fixed to the sliding wedge. The thickness of the opening slider gradually increases from front to back, that is, the upper surface of the opening slider is an inclined surface that is lower in the front and higher in the back. The opening push rod is vertically mounted on the upper horizontal section and can move up and down. The opening cutter is detachably fixed to the top end of the opening push rod. The bottom end of the opening push rod contacts the upper surface of the opening slider. A return spring is provided at the lower part of the opening push rod. The module push rod is fixed to the side of the module slider of the push plate drive device opposite to the sliding wedge, and is located in the same horizontal plane as the sliding wedge, and can contact the part of the sliding wedge that protrudes from the fixed wedge.

7. The self-propelled morel mushroom external nutrient bag opening and laying machine according to claim 6, characterized in that, The opening cutter consists of three parallel blades, a cross blade, or a spiked array. Different blade types are selected according to different process requirements to achieve different opening shapes for the nutrient bags.

8. The self-propelled morel mushroom external nutrient bag opening and laying machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nutrient bag position adjustment slide plate includes a slide base plate, a right baffle, a left baffle, a rear baffle, and a slide plate hinge lug; the slide base plate is provided with three sets of left and right baffles, each set of left and right baffles constitutes the slide, the slide is wider at the front and narrower at the rear; the rear of each set of left and right baffles protrudes from the slide base plate and is hinged to a laying turntable through the slide plate hinge lug provided at the lower edge, and the rear ends of the left and right baffles are fixedly connected to the rear baffle; The front ends of the left and right baffles are provided with attitude adjustment plates at a certain angle to the longitudinal direction of the machine, which are used to prevent the nutrient bags from sliding down and rotate them at a certain angle. The laying plate includes a plate, an arc-shaped baffle, and plate hinge ears. A pair of plate hinge ears are located on the left and right sides of the plate and are used to engage with the sliding plate hinge ears via a hinge shaft. The arc-shaped baffle is located on the lower front end of the plate.

9. The self-propelled morel mushroom external nutrient bag opening and laying machine according to claim 8, characterized in that, The angle between the nutrient bag posture adjustment slide and the horizontal plane is 28°; the distance between the three rear baffles in the nutrient bag posture adjustment slide is 160mm.

10. The self-propelled morel mushroom external nutrient bag opening and laying machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressing mechanism includes a fixed plate, telescopic rods, pressing rollers, and pressing springs; the fixed plate is fixedly connected to the rear crossbeam, the first ends of the two adjustable-length telescopic rods are hinged to the fixed plate, and the last ends are connected to the pressing rollers; the upper end of the pressing spring is mounted on the fixed plate, and the lower end is hinged to the middle of the telescopic rod.

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