Passive safety protection windshield structure for rail vehicle, rail vehicle and method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a passive safety protection windshield structure for a rail vehicle, a rail vehicle and a method, which solves the problem in the prior art that the windshield structure cannot effectively buffer the squeezing between carriages, and has the beneficial effect of effectively resisting impact force and avoiding secondary impact. The specific scheme is as follows: A passive safety protection windshield structure for a rail vehicle comprises a capsule, which is mounted on the rail vehicle through a windshield mounting seat, and a cavity is formed between the capsule and the windshield mounting seat, and an air curtain is arranged in the cavity. The air curtain is inflatable and supported by a number of fixing devices, which are arranged along the circumferential direction of the rail vehicle; the fixing device comprises a fixing seat mounted on the windshield mounting seat, each side of the fixing seat is movably connected to the supporting member through a rotatable member, an elastic member is arranged between the rotatable member on each side and the fixing seat, and the supporting member is connected to the fixing cover, and a space is formed between the two to support the air curtain while limiting the air curtain.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of rail transportation, and in particular to a rail vehicle passive safety protection windshield structure, a rail vehicle and a method. Background Art

[0002] The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] In the field of rail transit, the connections between adjacent carriages are generally soft connections to ensure the relative movement between adjacent carriages. The soft connection method uses windshields for transition, which plays a role in blocking wind and reducing running resistance.

[0004] Existing windshields have a hollow interior and a rubber capsule on the exterior. This capsule is compressed and deformed during operation. When a rear-end collision causes uncoupling of rail vehicles, adjacent cars are squeezed. The inventors discovered that existing windshield structures cannot effectively cushion the impact between adjacent cars. During a collision, the end walls of adjacent cars come into direct contact, and the collision energy and force between adjacent cars are high. This resulting squeeze between cars causes a secondary impact on the cars and passengers, resulting in secondary injuries to the passengers and significant damage to the cars themselves. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the first purpose of the present invention is to provide a passive safety protection windshield structure for rail vehicles, which can effectively withstand the impact force, avoid the formation of secondary impact, absorb the impact energy, and reduce the damage to the car and passengers.

[0006] A second object of the present invention is to provide a rail vehicle comprising a passive safety protection windshield structure capable of effectively reducing damage to the rail vehicle during a collision.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A passive safety protection windshield structure for a rail vehicle includes a capsule, which is mounted on the rail vehicle via a windshield mounting seat. A cavity is formed between the capsule and the windshield mounting seat. An inflatable air curtain is disposed in the cavity. The air curtain is supported by a plurality of fixing devices, which are disposed along the circumferential direction of the rail vehicle.

[0009] The fixing device includes a fixing seat installed on the windshield mounting seat, each side of the fixing seat is movably connected to the supporting member through a rotatable member, an elastic member is movably arranged between the rotatable member and the fixing seat on each side, the supporting member and the fixed cover are detachably connected, and a space is formed between the two to limit the air curtain while supporting the air curtain, and the supporting member is provided with a telescopic part, which remains in an elongated state under the action of the elastic member, and the telescopic part can be shortened as the air curtain expands, so that the support member and the fixed cover are separated under the action of pressure as the air curtain expands.

[0010] As described above, the windshield structure is provided with a plurality of fixing devices in the cavity, and the air curtain is supported by the plurality of fixing devices. The space formed between the fixed cover and the supporting member effectively limits the air curtain to prevent the air curtain from shaking in the cavity; the supporting member is subjected to a first force from the fixed cover, and the elastic member provides a second force to the supporting member through a rotatable member, so that the telescopic portion remains in an elongated state under the action of the elastic member, and provides pressure to the supporting member during the expansion of the air curtain. The supporting member shortens the telescopic portion under the action of pressure, so that the fixed cover is opened relative to the supporting member under the action of pressure as the air curtain expands.

[0011] In the above-mentioned passive safety protection windshield structure for rail vehicles, the air curtain is provided with an air port, the air port is connected to the inflation device and the air extraction device respectively through pipelines, a switch is provided at the air port, and the switch, the inflation device, and the air extraction device are respectively connected to the control unit;

[0012] The control unit is connected to the main controller of the rail vehicle. The main controller of the rail vehicle receives the collision signal and sends it to the control unit, which controls the switch, the inflation device and the exhaust device to operate respectively.

[0013] Alternatively, the air curtain is an airbag, which can expand rapidly at the moment of collision, and after it expands to be in close contact with the inner wall of the capsule, the airbag is compressed and deflated directly.

[0014] The passive safety protection windshield structure for a rail vehicle as described above, wherein the support member includes two opposed vertical stoppers, one of which is connected to the opening stopper, and the other is connected to the closing stopper, a groove is provided on one side of the opening stopper, and one side of the closing stopper is inserted into the groove of the opening stopper, and the closing stopper is movable relative to the groove to form the telescopic portion;

[0015] The distance between the vertical stoppers on both sides is smaller than the width of the fixing seat, so that the angles between the rotatable members on both sides and the fixing seat are acute. In this way, the elastic member can be in a compressed state under normal conditions to ensure the relative position between the opening stopper and the closing stopper, while the elastic member can continue to be compressed when the airbag is inflated;

[0016] The length of the fixing seat is the same as the length of the supporting member.

[0017] In the above-mentioned passive safety protection windshield structure for rail vehicles, the opening stopper and the closing stopper are both bent;

[0018] The opening stopper and the closing stopper are respectively connected to the top side or the middle of the vertical stopper to minimize the contact area between the air curtain and the vertical stopper when the air curtain is inflated.

[0019] As described above, in a passive safety protection windshield structure for a rail vehicle, the groove of the opening stopper has a set depth, and rotating rollers are respectively provided on two opposite sides of the groove. The rotating rollers are rotatable relative to the opening stopper, and a distance is set between adjacent rotating rollers. The setting of the rotating rollers is conducive to reducing the friction force during the movement of the closed stopper toward the open stopper.

[0020] In the passive safety protection windshield structure of a rail vehicle as described above, the fixed cover is a U-shaped fixed cover, and the vertical stoppers are respectively connected to the side walls of the U-shaped fixed cover through positioning clips. The setting of the positioning clips ensures a reliable connection between the fixed cover and the vertical stoppers, and also facilitates the separation of the vertical stoppers from the fixed cover when the supporting structure is subjected to force.

[0021] In the above-mentioned passive safety protection windshield structure for a rail vehicle, lateral seats are respectively provided on both sides of the fixed seat, and the arrangement of the lateral seats facilitates the movable connection with the rotatable components. The rotatable components are placed at both ends of the lateral seats, so that a total of four rotatable components are provided;

[0022] The rotatable component includes a connecting rod assembly, which includes two connecting rods. One end of each connecting rod is hingedly connected to the vertical stopper, and the other end is hingedly connected to the lateral seat. A parallelogram mechanism is formed between the two connecting rods and the vertical stopper and the lateral seat. The two connecting rods are connected by a third connecting rod, and one of the connecting rods is connected to the elastic component.

[0023] As described above, in a passive safety protection windshield structure for a rail vehicle, the elastic component includes a support spring, one end of the support spring is mounted on the fixed seat via a support, and the other end of the support spring is connected to the rotatable component. The support spring can be compressed. When the air curtain is not expanded, the support spring is used to offset the force of the fixed cover on the support component, so that the opening stopper and the closed stopper remain in an extended state. When the air curtain expands and generates pressure on the support component, the support spring can continue to be compressed.

[0024] In the above-mentioned passive safety protection windshield structure for a rail vehicle, the fixing seat is provided with an opening, and the fastener passes through the opening to mount the fixing seat on the windshield mounting seat.

[0025] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a rail vehicle, which adopts the above-mentioned rail vehicle passive safety protection windshield structure.

[0026] In a third aspect, the present invention further provides a method for operating a passive safety protection windshield structure for a rail vehicle, including the following contents:

[0027] Installing the fixing base of the fixing device on the windshield mounting base, and supporting the air curtain through the supporting member;

[0028] The fixing cover of each fixing device is placed on one side of the air curtain, and the fixing cover is connected to the supporting member, so that the air curtain is supported and limited by the fixing device to prevent the air curtain from shaking in the cavity during the operation of the rail vehicle;

[0029] Install the capsule on the windshield mount;

[0030] After a collision between rail vehicles, the air curtain begins to inflate. During the inflation process, the air curtain expands rapidly, exerting pressure on the support member and the fixed cover respectively. Under the action of pressure, relative movement occurs between the support member and the fixed cover, and the support member moves toward the fixed seat.

[0031] During the movement of the supporting member, the elastic member is compressed and the telescopic portion of the supporting member is shortened, so that the fixed cover is opened;

[0032] The air curtain continues to expand until it fits with the inner wall of the capsule. At this time, the windshield structures of the adjacent carriages are filled with gas, and the air curtain bears part of the impact force to avoid direct contact between the end walls of the adjacent carriages. After the collision, the air curtain loses its air and absorbs the energy generated by the collision of the adjacent carriages through the air loss process.

[0033] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0034] 1) The windshield structure of the present invention is reasonably arranged, and multiple fixing devices are arranged in the cavity. The air curtain is supported by the multiple fixing devices. The space formed between the fixed cover and the support member effectively limits the air curtain to prevent the air curtain from shaking in the cavity. The support member is connected to the fixed seat through a rotatable member. An elastic member is arranged between the rotatable member and the fixed seat. The support member is subjected to a first force from the fixed cover, and the elastic member provides a second force to the support member through the rotatable component. In this way, the telescopic part remains in an elongated state under the action of the elastic member, and provides pressure to the support member during the expansion of the air curtain. The support member shortens the telescopic part under the action of pressure, so that the fixed cover is opened relative to the support member under the action of pressure as the air curtain expands. Therefore, when a collision occurs between rail vehicles, the air curtain bears part of the impact force to avoid direct contact with the end walls of adjacent carriages. The inflation and deflation process of the air curtain is utilized to reduce the secondary damage to the carriages and occupants caused by the squeezing between the carriages, minimize the damage value caused by the collision, and realize passive safety protection of rail vehicles.

[0035] 2) The structural setting of the supporting member in the present invention is reasonable. The supporting member includes a vertical stopper, which is respectively connected to the opening stopper and the closed stopper. One side of the closed stopper can be inserted into the groove of the opening stopper to form a telescopic part. Under normal circumstances, the closed stopper enters the groove and does not reach the bottom of the groove under the action of the elastic member. When the air curtain expands, the closed stopper can move along the groove under the action of pressure to facilitate the separation of the fixed cover and the vertical stopper.

[0036] 3) In the present invention, the fixed cover is U-shaped, and a space is formed between it and the supporting member. The two can support the air curtain from the circumferential direction of the air curtain. The fixed cover and the vertical stopper are connected by a positioning clip. The setting of the positioning clip ensures the reliable connection between the fixed cover and the vertical stopper, and also facilitates the separation of the vertical stopper and the fixed cover when the supporting member is subjected to force.

[0037] 4) The rotatable component in the present invention includes a connecting rod assembly, which includes two connecting rods. The two connecting rods and the vertical stoppers and the lateral seats form a parallelogram mechanism to ensure that the vertical stoppers on both sides can generate relative movement in the x direction, and to ensure that the opening stopper and the closing stopper can generate relative movement in the x direction.

[0038] 5) The elastic component structure of the present invention is reasonably arranged. The elastic component is connected between the fixed seat and the rotatable member. The elastic component and the fixed seat are arranged at an acute angle. When the air curtain is not inflated, the elastic component is used to offset the force of the fixed cover on the supporting member, so that the opening stopper and the closed stopper remain in an extended state. When the air curtain expands and generates pressure on the supporting member, the elastic component can be further compressed.

[0039] 6) The present invention provides a working method for the windshield structure, which provides a method of first installing a fixing device to support the air curtain and then installing the capsule. When a rail vehicle collides, the expanded air curtain bears part of the impact force, avoiding direct contact between the end walls of adjacent cars. After the collision, it can also absorb the energy generated by the collision of adjacent cars. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] The accompanying drawings, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0041] Figure 1 It is a front view of a passive safety protection windshield structure for a rail vehicle according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a rail vehicle passive safety protection windshield structure in which an air curtain fills a cavity according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the internal installation of a passive safety protection windshield structure for a rail vehicle according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of an air curtain of a passive safety protection windshield structure for a rail vehicle when the air curtain fills a cavity according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of a fixing device in a passive safety protection windshield structure of a rail vehicle according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 6 It is an axonometric view of a fixing device in a passive safety protection windshield structure of a rail vehicle according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structural changes of a fixing device during the inflation process of an air curtain in a passive safety protection windshield structure of a rail vehicle according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a passive safety protection windshield structure for a rail vehicle after inflation is completed in two adjacent carriages according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0049] In the figure: the distances or sizes between parts are exaggerated to show the positions of various parts, and the schematic diagram is for reference only.

[0050] Among them: 1. Cavity; 2. Capsule; 3. Fixing device; 4. Fastening bolt; 5. Air curtain; 6. Fastening bolt hole; 7. Fixing cover; 8. Positioning buckle; 9. Opening stopper; 10. Closing stopper; 11. Rotating roller; 12. Vertical stopper; 13. Elastic member; 14. Fixed seat; 15. Support seat; 16. Lateral seat; 17. Control unit; 18. Windshield mounting seat; 19. Rotatable member; 20. Space; 21. Groove; 19-1. First connecting rod, 19-2. Second connecting rod, 19-3. Third connecting rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and is intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in the present invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0052] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless otherwise clearly indicated in the present invention, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "include" and / or "comprising" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or their combinations;

[0053] As introduced in the background technology, in the prior art, there is a problem that the squeezing between carriages during a rail vehicle collision causes secondary damage to the carriages and passengers. In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention proposes a passive safety protection windshield structure for rail vehicles.

[0054] Example 1

[0055] In a typical embodiment of the present invention, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a passive safety protection windshield structure for a rail vehicle includes a capsule 2, which is mounted on the rail vehicle via a windshield mounting seat 18. A cavity 1 is formed between the capsule 2 and the windshield mounting seat 18. An inflatable air curtain 5 is disposed within the cavity 1. The air curtain 5 is supported by a plurality of fixing devices 3, which are arranged along the circumferential direction of the rail vehicle.

[0056] The fixing device 3 includes a fixing seat 14 installed on the windshield mounting seat 18, and the fixing seat 14 is movably connected to the supporting member through a rotatable member 19. An elastic member 13 is movably arranged between the rotatable member 19 and the fixing seat on each side. The supporting member and the fixed cover 7 are detachably connected, and a space is formed between the two to limit the air curtain while supporting the air curtain. The fixed cover 7 is arranged opposite to the fixing seat, and the supporting member is provided with a telescopic part. The telescopic part remains in an elongated state under the action of the elastic member 13, and the telescopic part can be shortened as the air curtain 5 expands, so that the supporting member and the fixed cover 7 are separated under the action of pressure as the air curtain 5 expands, thereby facilitating the continued expansion of the air curtain until the air curtain 7 fits against the inner wall of the capsule 2, avoiding mutual squeezing between the end walls of the car body, and the air curtain 5 bears part of the impact force.

[0057] It should be explained that the capsule 2 refers to the rubber capsule between two adjacent carriages of the rail vehicle, which plays a role in reducing noise and drag during the operation of the rail vehicle.

[0058] The fixing seat 14 is specifically a fixing plate, and a fastening bolt hole is reserved in the center of the fixing seat 14, and the fastening bolt 4 passes through the fastening bolt hole. Figure 3 As shown, the fixing device 3 is installed on the windshield mounting seat 18; lateral seats 16 are respectively provided on both sides of the fixing seat, and the lateral seats 16 are vertically connected to the fixing seat, and the lateral seats on each side are movably connected to the rotatable member 19.

[0059] Moreover, it is easy to understand that, except for the telescopic portion, the components of the fixing device are normally arranged symmetrically about the central axis of the fastening bolt hole.

[0060] refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the supporting member includes two oppositely arranged vertical stoppers 12, the vertical stopper 12 on one side is connected to the opening stopper 9, and the vertical stopper on the other side is connected to the closing stopper 10, a groove 21 is provided on one side of the opening stopper, and one side of the closing stopper is inserted into the groove 21 of the opening stopper 9, and the closing stopper is movable relative to the groove 21 to form a telescopic portion; the opening stopper 9 and the closing stopper 10 are respectively installed on the inner sides of the corresponding vertical stoppers 12, and the opening stopper 9 and the closing stopper 10 and the fixed cover 7 form an annular space for restraining the air curtain 5, and a section of the opening stopper groove 21 is in the same straight line as a section of the closing stopper that can be inserted into the groove. When the air curtain 5 is not inflated, one end of the closing stopper 10 is inserted into the groove 21 but does not reach the bottom surface of the groove.

[0061] The distance between the vertical stoppers 12 on both sides is smaller than the width of the fixed seat 14, so that the angle between the rotatable parts on both sides and the fixed seat is an acute angle. In this way, the elastic member 13 can be in a compressed state under normal conditions, ensuring the relative position between the opening stopper 9 and the closing stopper 10, and the elastic member 13 can continue to be squeezed when the airbag 5 expands.

[0062] In this embodiment, the fixed cover 7 is a U-shaped fixed cover, and the inner walls on both sides of the fixed cover 7 are fixed to the vertical stopper 12 by positioning buckles 8 respectively. The height of the side walls on both sides of the fixed cover 7 is less than the height of the vertical stopper 12, that is, the side walls on both sides of the fixed cover 7 are respectively engaged with the outer surface of the upper half of the corresponding vertical stopper 12 to avoid interference with the movement of the rotatable component. The positioning buckle includes a convex portion on the outer side of the vertical stopper 12 and a concave portion on the inner side of the fixed cover 7. The provision of the positioning buckle 8 can not only ensure the reliable connection between the fixed cover and the vertical stopper 12, but also facilitate the separation of the fixed cover and the vertical stopper 12;

[0063] It can be understood that the opening stop 9 and the closing stop 10 are both bent, which not only ensures the space 20 between the supporting structure and the fixed cover 7, but also may reduce the contact area between the air curtain and the vertical stop 12. One end of the opening stop 9 is connected to the upper half of the inner side of the vertical stop 12 on one side, and a groove 21 is provided on the other side. The groove has a set depth, and the height of the groove is less than the thickness of the opening stop. One side of the closing stop 10 is inserted into the groove, and the closing stop is movable relative to the groove. The other end of the closing stop is connected to the upper half of the vertical stop 12 on the other side; a plurality of rotating shafts 11 are respectively provided on the two opposite sides of the groove of the opening stop 9, and the rotating rollers 11 are rotatable relative to the opening stop. The interval between the two adjacent rotating rollers 11 can effectively reduce the resistance of the closing stop 10 when it moves in the groove of the opening stop 9.

[0064] Specifically, the vertical stop 12 is a vertical stop plate with a set length, the opening stop 9 is an opening stop plate with a set length, and the closed stop 10 is a closed stop plate with a set length. The lengths of the vertical stop, the opening stop, the closed stop and the fixed seat can be the same, the width of the fixed cover is smaller than the width of the fixed seat, and the rotatable components are respectively placed at the four corners of the fixed seat. Accordingly, each rotatable component is provided with an elastic component 19.

[0065] It is easy to understand that lateral seats 16 are respectively provided on both sides of the fixed seat 14. The length of the lateral seats is the same as that of the fixed seat. Rotatable members are placed at both ends of the lateral seats. In this way, a total of four rotatable members are provided. The lateral seats 16 are perpendicular to the fixed seat and have a set height. The lateral seats 16 are higher than the surface of the fixed seat to ensure the arrangement of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod. The arrangement of the lateral seats 16 facilitates the movable connection with the rotatable member 19.

[0066] The rotatable member 19 includes a connecting rod assembly, which includes a first connecting rod 19-1 and a second connecting rod 19-2. One end of the first connecting rod 19-1 is hingedly connected to the middle section of the vertical stopper 12 on one side, and the other end of the first connecting rod 19-1 is hingedly connected to the side of the lateral seat 16 away from the fixed seat 14. One end of the second connecting rod 19-2 is hingedly connected to the bottom end of the vertical stopper 12 on one side (the end away from the fixed cover 7), and the other end is hingedly connected to the side of the lateral seat 16 close to the fixed seat 14. A third link 19-3 is connected between the first link 19-1 and the second link 19-2, and the third link 19-3 is hingedly connected to the first link and the second link respectively. The first link 19-1, the second link 19-2, the lateral seat 16 and the vertical stop 12 form a parallelogram structure, the purpose of which is to ensure that the vertical stop 12 on both sides can generate relative movement in the x direction, and to ensure that the opening stop 9 and the closing stop 10 can generate relative movement in the x direction.

[0067] Regarding the elastic member 13, one end of the elastic member 13 is hinged to the support seat 15, and the support seat 15 is installed on the fixed seat 14. One end of the elastic member 13 is connected to the side of the second connecting rod 19-2 close to the lateral seat 16. The connection between the third connecting rod 19-3 and the second connecting rod 19-2 is located between the elastic member 13 (the connection point between the elastic member 13 and the second connecting rod) and the connection end between the second connecting rod and the lateral seat, so that the elastic member 13 and the fixed seat 14 are set at an acute angle. The other end of the support seat is connected to the second connecting rod to provide support force for the rotatable member.

[0068] It can be understood that the elastic member 13 can specifically be a support spring, which has a certain rigidity and can adjust the length of the elastic member 13 within a set range.

[0069] It should be noted that the air curtain 5 is a long strip of air curtain, which is arranged along the circumferential direction of the rail vehicle and does not reach a circle. The volume of the air curtain 5 after inflation is the same as the volume of the cavity 1.

[0070] In this embodiment, the air curtain 5 has an air port, and the air port is provided with a switch, which can be a solenoid valve. The air port is connected to the inflation device and the exhaust device through pipelines, respectively. The switch, the inflation device, and the exhaust device are respectively connected to the control unit. The control unit 17 is installed on the end wall outside the windshield structure. The control unit is connected to the main controller of the rail vehicle and can receive signals sent by the rail vehicle to control the opening of the air intake switch and the inflation device to quickly inflate the air curtain 5. An air pressure sensor is provided in the air curtain 5, and the air pressure sensor is connected to the control unit to obtain the pressure conditions in the air curtain 5 and set the maximum pressure in the air curtain 5. When the pressure in the air curtain reaches the maximum value, the control unit receives the signal, controls the inflation device to stop working, and controls the exhaust device to open accordingly to quickly exhaust the air curtain.

[0071] Specifically, the inflation device may be an existing inflation device, and the exhaust device may be an exhaust pump;

[0072] The control unit 17 may specifically be a PLC controller or other types of controllers.

[0073] In the windshield structure provided by this embodiment, the length direction of the air curtain is arranged along the length direction of the supporting member, and the two ends of the air curtain extend from the two ends of the supporting member. The supporting member is subjected to a first force from the fixed cover, and the elastic member 13 provides a second force to the supporting member through the rotatable member 19. When the air curtain is not afraid of expansion, the telescopic part remains in an elongated state under the action of the elastic member, and pressure is provided to the supporting member during the expansion of the air curtain. Under the action of pressure, the supporting member causes the closed stopper 10 to move along the groove toward the open stopper 9.

[0074] A working method of a passive safety protection windshield structure for a rail vehicle, comprising the following contents:

[0075] Multiple fixing devices are respectively mounted on the windshield mounting seat by fastening bolts. The fixing devices used to support the same air curtain can be placed on the same loop of the rail vehicle or can be offset. For each fixing device, the front end of the closed stopper 10 is inserted into the groove of the open stopper 9;

[0076] Place the air curtain 5 on the surface of the closing stopper 10 and the opening stopper 9, and assemble the fixing cover 7 with the vertical stopper 12 through the positioning buckle 8 to complete the fixing of the air curtain 5;

[0077] Install the capsule 2 on the windshield mounting seat 18;

[0078] When the main controller of the rail vehicle receives a rail vehicle collision signal or a coupler uncoupling signal (how the main controller of the rail vehicle receives a rail vehicle collision signal or a coupler uncoupling signal is prior art), the signal is sent to the control unit, and the control unit 17 turns on the control switch and the inflation device, and the air curtain 5 starts to inflate in a relatively short time;

[0079] During the inflation process, the air curtain 5 will expand rapidly, and at the same time, pressure will be applied to the surfaces of the opening stopper 9 and the closing stopper 10 and the inner surface of the fixed cover 7. Under the action of pressure, the surface formed by the opening stopper 9 and the closing stopper and the inner surface of the fixed cover 7 will move relative to each other. Since the contact area between the air curtain 5 and the vertical stopper 12 is negligible, the pressure generated by the airbag 5 is borne by the inner surface of the fixed cover 7 and the outer surfaces of the opening stopper 9 and the closing stopper 10. Under the action of pressure, the opening stopper 9 and the closing stopper 10 will move toward the fastening bolt 4. During this process, the support rod is compressed, and the closing stopper moves along the groove toward the opening stopper.

[0080] The vertical stoppers 12 on both sides move toward each other. When the movement reaches the set distance, the positioning buckle 8 no longer restricts the fixed cover 7. Figure 7 As shown, the fixed cover 7 is ejected under the expansion pressure of the air curtain 5;

[0081] The air curtain 5 is no longer constrained by the fixed cover, and the air curtain 5 continues to expand until it fits the inner wall of the capsule 2. At this time, the windshields of the adjacent compartments are filled with gas. Figure 8 As shown, at the moment when adjacent carriages of a rail vehicle are uncoupled and collide, the air curtain expands rapidly, causing the windshields of the adjacent carriages to come into close contact, and the inflated air curtain 5 inside bears part of the impact force, avoiding direct contact between the end walls of the adjacent carriages. After the collision, the air curtain 5 quickly loses its air, absorbing the energy generated by the collision of the adjacent carriages through the deflation process, avoiding secondary damage to the carriage occupants.

[0082] Example 2

[0083] The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the air curtain is an airbag, which can be rapidly expanded at the moment of collision. After it expands to be in close contact with the inner wall of the capsule, the airbag is compressed and deflated directly, and the airbag loses its air and absorbs the energy generated by the collision of the adjacent cars through the deflation process.

[0084] Example 3

[0085] This embodiment provides a rail vehicle, which adopts the rail vehicle passive safety protection windshield structure described in the first or second embodiment.

[0086] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A passive safety protection windshield structure for a rail vehicle, characterized in that: The capsule is mounted on the rail vehicle through a windshield mounting seat, a cavity is formed between the capsule and the windshield mounting seat, an inflatable air curtain is arranged in the cavity, and the air curtain is supported by a plurality of fixing devices, and the fixing devices are arranged along the circumferential direction of the rail vehicle; The fixing device includes a fixing seat installed on the windshield mounting seat, each side of the fixing seat is movably connected to the supporting member through a rotatable member, an elastic member is movably arranged between the rotatable member and the fixing seat on each side, the supporting member and the fixed cover are detachably connected, and a space is formed between the two to limit the air curtain while supporting the air curtain, and the supporting member is provided with a telescopic part, which remains in an elongated state under the action of the elastic member, and the telescopic part can be shortened as the air curtain expands, so that the support member and the fixed cover are separated under the action of pressure as the air curtain expands.

2. A rail vehicle passive safety protection windshield structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air curtain is provided with an air port, which is connected to the inflation device and the exhaust device through pipelines respectively. A switch is provided at the air port, and the switch, the inflation device and the exhaust device are respectively connected to the control unit; The control unit is connected to a main controller of the rail vehicle; Alternatively, the curtain airbags are airbags.

3. The passive safety protection windshield structure for a rail vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support member includes two oppositely arranged vertical stoppers, one of which is connected to the opening stopper and the other is connected to the closing stopper, one side of the opening stopper is provided with a groove, one side of the closing stopper is inserted into the groove of the opening stopper, and the closing stopper is movable relative to the groove to form the telescopic portion; The distance between the vertical stoppers on both sides is smaller than the width of the fixing seat; The length of the fixing seat is the same as the length of the supporting member.

4. A rail vehicle passive safety protection windshield structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The opening stopper and the closing stopper are both bent; The opening stopper and the closing stopper are respectively connected to the top side or the middle of the vertical stopper.

5. The rail vehicle passive safety protection windshield structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The groove of the opening stopper has a set depth, and two opposite sides of the groove are respectively provided with rotating rollers, which are rotatable relative to the opening stopper, and adjacent rotating rollers are set at a distance.

6. The rail vehicle passive safety protection windshield structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fixed cover is a U-shaped fixed cover, and the vertical stoppers are respectively connected to the side walls of the U-shaped fixed cover through positioning buckles.

7. The rail vehicle passive safety protection windshield structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: Side seats are respectively provided on both sides of the fixed seat, and the rotatable members are placed at both ends of the side seats; The rotatable component includes a connecting rod assembly, which includes two connecting rods. One end of each connecting rod is hingedly connected to the vertical stopper, and the other end is hingedly connected to the lateral seat. A parallelogram mechanism is formed between the two connecting rods and the vertical stopper and the lateral seat. The two connecting rods are connected by a third connecting rod, and one of the connecting rods is connected to the elastic component.

8. The rail vehicle passive safety protection windshield structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The elastic component includes a supporting spring, one end of the supporting spring is mounted on the fixing seat through a support, and the other end of the supporting spring is connected to the rotatable component.

9. The rail vehicle passive safety protection windshield structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing seat is provided with an opening, and a fastener passes through the opening to mount the fixing seat on the windshield mounting seat.

10. A rail vehicle, characterized in that: A rail vehicle passive safety protection windshield structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is adopted.

11. A method for operating a rail vehicle passive safety protection windshield structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: Includes the following: Installing the fixing base of the fixing device on the windshield mounting base, and supporting the air curtain through the supporting member; The fixing cover of each fixing device is placed on one side of the air curtain, and the fixing cover is connected to the supporting member, so that the air curtain is supported and limited by the fixing device to prevent the air curtain from shaking in the cavity during the operation of the rail vehicle; Install the capsule on the windshield mount; After a collision between rail vehicles, the air curtain begins to inflate. During the inflation process, the air curtain expands rapidly, exerting pressure on the support member and the fixed cover respectively. Under the action of pressure, relative movement occurs between the support member and the fixed cover, and the support member moves toward the fixed seat. During the movement of the supporting member, the elastic member is compressed and the telescopic portion of the supporting member is shortened, so that the fixed cover is opened; The air curtain continues to expand until it fits with the inner wall of the capsule. At this time, the windshield structures of the adjacent carriages are filled with gas, and the air curtain bears part of the impact force to avoid direct contact between the end walls of the adjacent carriages. After the collision, the air curtain loses its air and absorbs the energy generated by the collision of the adjacent carriages through the air loss process.

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