Preparation method of fiber-forming polymer fabric with good waterproof effect

Abstract

The application discloses a preparation method of a fiber-forming polymer fabric with good waterproof effect, and relates to the technical field of fabric preparation.The steps are as follows: S1, blending polytetrafluoroethylene and polyurethane in a solvent; S2, observing the micro-distribution of the mixed solution by using a scanning electron microscope; S3, converting the mixed solution into mixed fibers, and changing the surface structure of the mixed fibers sprayed by a solution spinning machine; S4, post-treating the mixed fibers; S5, performing secondary bidirectional stretching on the mixed fibers, and immersing the mixed fibers in a surface finishing agent; S6, weaving the mixed fibers to form the fiber-forming polymer fabric, adjusting the surface roughness of the fiber-forming polymer fabric, and applying a waterproof agent; and S7, testing the waterproofness of the prepared fiber-forming polymer fabric.The application adds nano waterproof materials, organic silicon compounds and fluorocarbon surfactants, and uses a scanning electron microscope to observe the micro-distribution of the mixed solution to test the uniformity of the mixed solution.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fabric preparation technology, specifically to a method for preparing a fiber-forming polymer fabric with good waterproof performance. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional methods for preparing fiber-forming polymer fabrics differ from the present application's method. By adding nano-waterproof materials, organosilicon compounds, and fluorocarbon surfactants during the preparation of the fiber-forming polymer fabric, and using scanning electron microscopy to observe the microscopic distribution of the polytetrafluoroethylene and polyurethane mixture to verify its uniformity, this method can solve the problem of how to improve the waterproofness of the fabric while ensuring the uniformity of the mixture to obtain more consistent product quality.

[0003] The existing defects in the preparation of fiber-forming polymer fabrics are:

[0004] 1. Patent document CN110485154B discloses a method for preparing silk fabric with excellent antibacterial properties. This document mainly considers how to improve the antibacterial properties of silk fabric, but does not consider how to improve the waterproof properties of the fabric, while ensuring the uniformity of the mixed solution to obtain more consistent product quality.

[0005] 2. Patent document CN109914022B discloses a method for preparing lightweight and warm brushed fabric. This document mainly considers how to solve the problem of easy shedding of the pile in brushed materials, but does not consider how to achieve multi-dimensional control and optimization of the surface structure of mixed fibers to meet the fiber performance requirements of different application scenarios.

[0006] 3. CN112160100B discloses a method for preparing a lightweight and breathable functional fabric. This document mainly considers how to thoroughly dry the moisture in the fabric, but does not consider how to improve the mechanical properties and dimensional stability of the fiber, or optimize the surface properties of the fiber.

[0007] 4. CN112176609B discloses a method for preparing wrinkle-resistant synthetic fiber fabric. This document mainly considers how to solve the problem of deformation or cracking that easily occurs when dehydrating the washed wrinkle-resistant synthetic fiber fabric. It does not consider how to enhance the functionality of the fabric or the issues of environmental protection and sustainability. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for preparing a fiber-forming polymer fabric with good waterproof performance, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for preparing a fiber-forming polymer fabric with good waterproof performance, wherein the method for preparing the fiber-forming polymer fabric is as follows:

[0010] Step S1: Blend polytetrafluoroethylene and polyurethane in a solvent;

[0011] Step S2: Observe the microscopic distribution of the polytetrafluoroethylene and polyurethane mixed solution using a scanning electron microscope;

[0012] Step S1 also includes the following steps:

[0013] Step S11: First, add the nano-waterproof material, organosilicon compound, fluorocarbon surfactant, catalyst, heat stabilizer, light stabilizer and plasticizer to a container containing solvent for premixing. Then, pour polytetrafluoroethylene and polyurethane into the container and stir the polytetrafluoroethylene and polyurethane with a stirrer until they are fully dissolved in the solvent and uniformly mixed. The stirring temperature is 160-200℃, the stirring time is 5-7 hours, and the stirring speed is 1000-1500 rpm.

[0014] Step S2 also includes the following steps:

[0015] Step S21: Randomly take 10 samples, each 20g, from the well-mixed polytetrafluoroethylene and polyurethane solution. Place each sample into a clean container and number them in the order of 1-10.

[0016] Step S22: Dry each sample to remove the solvent and obtain a dry PTFE and PU mixture. Use a cutting machine to cut the dried mixture into thin slices of the same size. Spray a thin metal film on the surface of the cut thin slice sample and divide the thin slice sample into four equal parts. Number the thin slice samples in the order of A, B, C and D.

[0017] Step S23: Place the prepared thin-film samples one by one onto the sample stage of the scanning electron microscope. After ensuring that the samples are firmly fixed, use the scanning electron microscope to observe the distribution of polytetrafluoroethylene and polyurethane in the thin-film samples. Observe the A, B, C and D regions of each thin-film sample in sequence.

[0018] Step S24: Based on the scanning electron microscope observation results, record the distribution of polytetrafluoroethylene and polyurethane in each sample, including particle shape, size and distribution uniformity, and perform microscopic distribution statistical analysis on all observation results.

[0019] Preferably, the microscopic distribution statistical analysis includes comparing the differences and similarities between different samples. Based on the statistical analysis results, the mixing uniformity of polytetrafluoroethylene and polyurethane in the mixed solution is judged. If polytetrafluoroethylene and polyurethane are observed to be uniformly distributed at the microscale and the particle size and shape are similar, the mixing is considered to be uniform. If obvious agglomeration or separation is observed, the mixing is considered to be non-uniform and repeated mixing is required.

[0020] Preferably, the solvent is one of the following: a mixture of butanone and N,N-dimethylformamide, a mixture of ethyl acetate and N,N-dimethylformamide, or a mixture of toluene and N,N-dimethylformamide.

[0021] Preferably, the method for preparing the fiber-forming polymer fabric further includes the following steps:

[0022] Step S3: Using a solution spinning machine, the prepared polytetrafluoroethylene and polyurethane mixed solution is converted into mixed fibers. The surface structure of the mixed fibers sprayed out by the solution spinning machine is changed by electric field control, magnetic field control and airflow control.

[0023] Step S4: Post-process the mixed fibers with altered surface structure, including cleaning, drying and heat treatment;

[0024] Step S5: Perform a second biaxial stretching on the mixed fibers and soak them in a surface finishing agent;

[0025] Step S6: Weave the mixed fibers to form a fiber polymer fabric, adjust the surface roughness of the fiber polymer fabric using plasma treatment, and apply a waterproofing agent.

[0026] Step S7: Conduct a waterproof test on the prepared fiber-forming polymer fabric.

[0027] Preferably, step S3 further includes the following steps:

[0028] Step S31: Electric field control includes setting a pair of electrodes near the spinneret of the solution spinning machine to form a stable electric field. When the mixed fiber is ejected from the spinneret, it will carry a certain charge due to friction and induction. The charged mixed fiber will be subjected to force in the electric field, changing its trajectory and altering the surface structure of the mixed fiber.

[0029] Step S32: Magnetic field control includes setting a permanent magnet on the spinning path of the solution spinning machine to form a stable magnetic field region. When the mixed fibers are ejected from the spinneret and pass through the magnetic field region, they will be subjected to magnetic force. The magnetic force causes the mixed fibers to deflect and changes the surface structure of the mixed fibers.

[0030] Step S33: Airflow control includes installing air nozzles on the spinning path of the solution spinning machine to generate controllable airflow. When the mixed fibers pass through the airflow area, the airflow will impact and guide the mixed fibers, causing them to oscillate and bend, and changing the surface structure of the mixed fibers.

[0031] Preferably, step S4 further includes the following steps:

[0032] Step S41: When cleaning the mixed fibers,

[0033] Place the mixed fibers into the cleaning solution, ensuring that the mixed fibers are completely submerged. Use a stirrer to agitate the mixed fibers evenly in the solution to remove surface stains. After removing the mixed fibers from the cleaning solution, rinse them with clean water to remove any remaining cleaning solution and stains from the surface of the mixed fibers. Then, use a centrifuge to dehydrate the mixed fibers.

[0034] Step S42: When drying the mixed fibers, place the cleaned mixed fibers in a ventilated environment for preliminary drying. After removing most of the moisture, put the mixed fibers into a constant temperature oven for drying. Set the temperature to 40℃ and the time to 1.5h. After drying, take the mixed fibers out of the oven and place them in a ventilated place to cool naturally.

[0035] Step S43: When heat treating the mixed fibers, the dried mixed fibers are placed in a preheater for 15 minutes, and the preheated mixed fibers are placed in a constant temperature furnace for 30 minutes. After the heat treatment is completed, the mixed fibers are quickly removed from the constant temperature furnace and cooled.

[0036] Preferably, step S5 further includes the following steps:

[0037] Step S51: When performing secondary biaxial stretching on the mixed fibers, the mixed fibers are first subjected to a first biaxial stretching at a lower temperature and a smaller draw ratio to form an initial microporous structure inside the material. The mixed fibers after the first biaxial stretching are then heat-treated, and a second biaxial stretching is performed on the heat-treated mixed fibers at a higher temperature and a larger draw ratio to further refine the microporous structure. After stretching is completed, the mixed fibers are quickly cooled to fix the formed microporous structure.

[0038] Step S52: When soaking the mixed fibers in the surface finishing agent, first immerse the mixed fibers in the surface finishing agent to ensure that the mixed fibers are fully immersed in the finishing agent solution. After soaking, heat and dry the mixed fibers to promote the adsorption of the finishing agent with the mixed fibers. After curing, clean and dry the mixed fibers to remove unfixed finishing agent and residues.

[0039] Preferably, step S6 further includes the following steps:

[0040] Step S61: When adjusting the surface roughness of the fiber-forming polymer fabric using plasma treatment, firstly, the fiber-forming polymer fabric to be treated is placed in the treatment chamber of the plasma machine, and vacuum pumping and auxiliary heating are performed to remove impurities and moisture from the fabric surface. Then, gas is introduced into the treatment chamber and maintained at a low pressure. An electric field is generated by the plasma generator, and the gas is ionized to generate plasma. The pre-treated fiber-forming polymer fabric is placed in the plasma environment, and the high-energy particles in the plasma bombard the fabric surface, changing its surface roughness. After the plasma treatment is completed, cooling and drying are performed.

[0041] In step S62, when applying the waterproofing agent to the surface of the fiber polymer fabric, the waterproofing agent and softener are mixed evenly to form a waterproofing agent mixture. The waterproofing agent mixture is then evenly applied to the surface of the fiber polymer fabric using a roller. After applying the waterproofing agent, the fiber polymer fabric is allowed to air dry and cure naturally in a well-ventilated and dry environment.

[0042] Preferably, step S7 further includes the following steps:

[0043] Step S71: Water resistance testing includes hydrostatic pressure testing and water immersion testing;

[0044] Step S72: When conducting hydrostatic pressure testing on the fiber-forming polymer fabric, the hydrostatic pressure method of GB / T4744-2013 "Test and Evaluation of Waterproof Performance of Textiles" is adopted. First, 12 samples are randomly selected from the prepared fiber-forming polymer fabric, each sample being 100mm×100mm in size. The conditioning and testing of the standard atmosphere are carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB / T6529, and the samples are conditioned with deionized water for 5 hours.

[0045] Clamp the conditioned sample with its front side in contact with the water surface. Apply a continuously increasing water pressure to the sample at a rate of 6.0 kPa / min ± 0.3 kPa / min and observe the seepage phenomenon. Record the hydrostatic pressure value when the third water droplet just appears on the sample. If the third water droplet appears at the edge of the hydrostatic pressure tester clamping device and causes the hydrostatic pressure value of the third water droplet to be lower than the lowest value of other samples of the same sample, discard this data and add a new sample for testing until a normal test result is obtained. Then repeat the steps to measure the remaining samples.

[0046] Preferably, step S7 further includes the following steps:

[0047] Step S73: When conducting the water-repellent test on the fiber polymer fabric, the water-repellent method of GB / T4745-2012 Textile Waterproof Performance Test and Evaluation is adopted. First, 12 samples are randomly selected from the prepared fiber polymer fabric, each sample area is 200mm×200mm. The conditioning and standard atmosphere for testing are carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB / T6529. The samples are conditioned with deionized water for 5 hours.

[0048] After conditioning the sample, clamp it with a holder and place it on the support with the sample face up during the test. The fabric warp direction should be parallel to the water flow direction. Pour 250 μL of test water quickly and steadily into the funnel and spray continuously for 25-30 seconds. After the spraying stops, immediately remove the holder holding the sample so that the fabric face down is almost horizontal. Then, gently tap the holder against a solid hard object. Rotate the holder horizontally 180 degrees and tap it gently again. After tapping, immediately rate the degree of wetting of the sample face on the holder based on the description of the water wetting phenomenon. Then repeat the steps to test the remaining samples.

[0049] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0050] 1. This invention addresses the issue of uniformity in the preparation of polymer fabrics by adding nano-waterproof materials, organosilicon compounds, and fluorocarbon surfactants during the fabrication process. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is used to observe the microscopic distribution of the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and polyurethane mixture. Firstly, the nano-waterproof materials possess extremely small particle sizes and excellent interfacial effects, enabling them to fill the tiny gaps between fabric fibers. The organosilicon compounds exhibit good hydrophobicity and stability, allowing them to bind tightly to the fabric fibers. The addition of fluorocarbon surfactants not only enhances the waterproof performance of the fabric but also improves its surface tension, making it easier to clean and maintain. The combination of nano-waterproof materials, organosilicon compounds, and fluorocarbon surfactants forms a dense and durable waterproof layer on the polymer fabric. SEM provides a direct view of the distribution of components in the mixture, allowing for timely detection and resolution of uneven mixing. Only when the mixture achieves sufficient uniformity can the prepared polymer fabric maintain consistent product quality. Therefore, this invention solves the problem of improving the waterproof performance of the fabric while ensuring the uniformity of the mixture to achieve more consistent product quality.

[0051] 2. This invention alters the surface structure of mixed fibers ejected from a solution spinning machine through electric field control, magnetic field control, and airflow control. In electric field control, a weak electric field can cause the fibers to exhibit more bending and wrinkles, increasing surface roughness. The application of magnetic field control technology further enriches the means of controlling the fiber surface structure, not only forming special microstructures on the fiber surface but also altering the fiber's magnetic properties. Airflow control technology, by adjusting the speed, direction, and temperature of the airflow, achieves the effects of scouring, stretching, and cooling the fiber surface, precisely controlling the morphology and texture of the fiber surface, thereby further optimizing fiber performance. This solves the problems of single surface structure and limited performance in traditional fiber preparation processes. Moreover, it allows for precise customization of fiber performance according to the needs of different application scenarios, providing strong support for the widespread application of fiber materials. Therefore, it can solve the problem of how to achieve multi-dimensional control and optimization of the surface structure of mixed fibers to meet the performance requirements of different application scenarios.

[0052] 3. This invention involves a second biaxial stretching process on the mixed fibers, followed by immersion in a surface finishing agent. The second biaxial stretching process, through precise control of the stretching amplitude and speed, allows for the rearrangement and orientation of the fiber molecular chains, significantly improving the fiber's strength and toughness. Simultaneously, biaxial stretching helps eliminate residual stress within the fibers, enhancing their dimensional stability. Immersion in the surface finishing agent makes the fiber surface smoother, softer, and more waterproof. The second biaxial stretching process and the surface finishing agent immersion complement each other. By first performing second biaxial stretching to improve the fiber's basic properties, and then immersing in the surface finishing agent to optimize surface characteristics, the resulting mixed fibers achieve excellent levels of mechanical properties, dimensional stability, and surface characteristics. Therefore, this invention solves the problem of how to improve the mechanical properties and dimensional stability of fibers and optimize their surface characteristics.

[0053] 4. This invention adjusts the surface roughness of polymer fabrics using plasma treatment and then applies a waterproofing agent. Plasma treatment precisely adjusts the surface roughness of the polymer fabric, increasing not only the bonding strength between the fabric and the waterproofing agent but also the fabric's friction and adhesion. An environmentally friendly waterproofing agent is selected and evenly applied to the fabric surface through a coating process. This waterproofing agent has good compatibility with the plasma-treated fabric surface, forming a tight and durable waterproof layer. This effectively prevents moisture from penetrating the fabric while maintaining its breathability and comfort, enhancing the wearing experience. Furthermore, plasma treatment, as a dry process, does not require large amounts of water and chemical reagents, thus resulting in lower energy consumption and environmental pollution. The waterproofing agent used is also an environmentally friendly product, free of harmful substances and harmless to humans and the environment. Therefore, this invention addresses the issue of enhancing fabric functionality while considering environmental protection and sustainability. Detailed Implementation

[0054] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention have been clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0055] Example 1:

[0056] A method for preparing a waterproof polymer fabric, the method of which is as follows:

[0057] Step S1: Blend polytetrafluoroethylene and polyurethane in a solvent;

[0058] Step S1 also includes the following steps:

[0059] Step S11: First, add the nano-waterproof material, organosilicon compound, fluorocarbon surfactant, catalyst, heat stabilizer, light stabilizer and plasticizer to a container containing solvent for premixing. Then, pour polytetrafluoroethylene and polyurethane into the container and stir the polytetrafluoroethylene and polyurethane with a stirrer until they are fully dissolved in the solvent and uniformly mixed. The stirring temperature is 160-200℃, the stirring time is 5-7 hours, and the stirring speed is 1000-1500 rpm.

[0060] Furthermore, firstly, the nano-waterproof material, organosilicon compound, fluorocarbon surfactant, catalyst, heat stabilizer, light stabilizer, and plasticizer are added to a container containing solvent for premixing. The purpose of this step is to allow these additives to be initially and evenly mixed in the solvent so that they can better integrate with polytetrafluoroethylene and polyurethane in the subsequent process. The nano-waterproof material can significantly improve the waterproof performance of the fabric, enabling it to resist water penetration. The addition of organosilicon compound and fluorocarbon surfactant can improve the surface properties of the fabric and enhance its waterproof performance. The addition of catalyst can accelerate the polymerization process, allowing polymer chains to form more effectively. The addition of heat stabilizer and light stabilizer can ensure that the fabric remains stable under high temperature and light conditions and is not prone to degradation. The addition of plasticizer can improve the plasticity and processing performance of the fabric, making it easier to process into the required shape and size.

[0061] During the stirring process, the stirring temperature is controlled at 160-200℃ to ensure that the polymer and additives are fully dissolved and mixed evenly. The stirring time is 5-7 hours to ensure that all components react fully and achieve the expected mixing effect. The stirring speed is in the range of 1000-1500 rpm, which can effectively promote the uniformity and stability of the mixture. During the stirring process, polytetrafluoroethylene and polyurethane will gradually dissolve in the solvent and achieve uniform blending with the premixed additives.

[0062] Example 2:

[0063] A method for preparing a waterproof polymer fabric, the method further comprising the following steps:

[0064] Step S2: Observe the microscopic distribution of the polytetrafluoroethylene and polyurethane mixed solution using a scanning electron microscope;

[0065] Step S2 also includes the following steps:

[0066] Step S21: Randomly take 10 samples, each 20g, from the well-mixed polytetrafluoroethylene and polyurethane solution. Place each sample into a clean container and number them in the order of 1-10.

[0067] Step S22: Dry each sample to remove the solvent and obtain a dry PTFE and PU mixture. Use a cutting machine to cut the dried mixture into thin slices of the same size. Spray a thin metal film on the surface of the cut thin slice sample and divide the thin slice sample into four equal parts. Number the thin slice samples in the order of A, B, C and D.

[0068] Step S23: Place the prepared thin-film samples one by one onto the sample stage of the scanning electron microscope. After ensuring that the samples are firmly fixed, use the scanning electron microscope to observe the distribution of polytetrafluoroethylene and polyurethane in the thin-film samples. Observe the A, B, C and D regions of each thin-film sample in sequence.

[0069] Step S24: Based on the scanning electron microscope observation results, record the distribution of polytetrafluoroethylene and polyurethane in each sample, including particle shape, size and distribution uniformity, and perform microscopic distribution statistical analysis on all observation results.

[0070] Furthermore, 10 samples of 20g each were randomly taken from the well-mixed polytetrafluoroethylene and polyurethane solution to obtain representative samples for subsequent analysis. Each sample was dried to remove the solvent, leaving a pure polytetrafluoroethylene and polyurethane mixture. The dried mixture was then cut into thin slices of the same size using a cutting machine. A thin metal film was sprayed onto the surface of the cut slices to enhance the conductivity of the samples, thereby improving the observation effect of scanning electron microscopy. Finally, each slice sample was divided into four equal parts and numbered in the order of A, B, C, and D for subsequent observation and recording.

[0071] The prepared thin-film samples were placed one by one on the sample stage of the scanning electron microscope, ensuring that the samples were firmly fixed. The distribution of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and polyurethane in the thin-film samples was observed using the scanning electron microscope. The samples were kept stable during the observation process to avoid observation errors caused by movement or vibration. Regions A, B, C, and D of each thin-film sample were observed in sequence to obtain a comprehensive distribution. Based on the observation results of the scanning electron microscope, the distribution of PTFE and polyurethane in each sample was recorded, including particle shape, size, and distribution uniformity.

[0072] Example 3:

[0073] A method for preparing a waterproof fiber polymer fabric includes a microscopic distribution statistical analysis that compares the differences and similarities between different samples. Based on the statistical analysis results, the uniformity of the mixing of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and polyurethane in the mixed solution is determined. If PTFE and polyurethane are observed to be uniformly distributed at the microscopic scale and the particle size and shape are similar, the mixing is considered to be uniform. If obvious agglomeration or separation is observed, the mixing is considered to be non-uniform and repeated mixing is required.

[0074] Furthermore, by comparing the microscopic distribution of different samples, if the particle size and shape of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and polyurethane (PU) in different samples are similar and uniformly distributed, it means that the mixing is uniform. Conversely, if obvious agglomeration or separation is observed, i.e., PTFE particles are dense and polyurethane particles are sparse in some areas, or polyurethane particles are dense and PTFE particles are sparse in some areas, it indicates that the mixing is not uniform. If obvious uneven mixing is observed, the mixing conditions, including stirring speed, time, or temperature, need to be readjusted to improve the mixing effect.

[0075] Example 4:

[0076] A method for preparing a waterproof polymer fabric, wherein the solvent is one of the following: a mixture of butanone and N,N-dimethylformamide, a mixture of ethyl acetate and N,N-dimethylformamide, or a mixture of toluene and N,N-dimethylformamide.

[0077] Furthermore, N,N-dimethylformamide has excellent solubility and can dissolve a variety of polymers. When mixed with other solvents, its solubility and volatility can be adjusted to meet different mixing and processing requirements. Butanone, a ketone solvent, has a fast evaporation rate and good solubility, making it suitable for applications requiring rapid drying. When mixed with N,N-dimethylformamide, it can balance solubility and volatility, facilitating thorough mixing of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and polyurethane. Ethyl acetate, an ester solvent, has low toxicity and good volatility. When mixed with N,N-dimethylformamide, it can form a mixed solvent with moderate solubility and volatility, suitable for the blending process of PTFE and polyurethane. Toluene, an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent, has strong solubility. When mixed with N,N-dimethylformamide, it can further improve the solvent's solubility in PTFE and polyurethane, promoting their thorough mixing.

[0078] Example 5:

[0079] A method for preparing a waterproof polymer fabric, the method further comprising the following steps:

[0080] Step S3: Using a solution spinning machine, the prepared polytetrafluoroethylene and polyurethane mixed solution is converted into mixed fibers. The surface structure of the mixed fibers sprayed out by the solution spinning machine is changed by electric field control, magnetic field control and airflow control.

[0081] Step S3 also includes the following steps:

[0082] Step S31: Electric field control includes setting a pair of electrodes near the spinneret of the solution spinning machine to form a stable electric field. When the mixed fiber is ejected from the spinneret, it will carry a certain charge due to friction and induction. The charged mixed fiber will be subjected to force in the electric field, changing its trajectory and altering the surface structure of the mixed fiber.

[0083] Step S32: Magnetic field control includes setting a permanent magnet on the spinning path of the solution spinning machine to form a stable magnetic field region. When the mixed fibers are ejected from the spinneret and pass through the magnetic field region, they will be subjected to magnetic force. The magnetic force causes the mixed fibers to deflect and changes the surface structure of the mixed fibers.

[0084] Step S33: Airflow control includes installing air nozzles on the spinning path of the solution spinning machine to generate controllable airflow. When the mixed fibers pass through the airflow area, the airflow will impact and guide the mixed fibers, causing them to oscillate and bend, and changing the surface structure of the mixed fibers.

[0085] Furthermore, electric field control is achieved by setting a pair of electrodes near the spinneret of the solution spinning machine to form a stable electric field. When the mixed fibers are ejected from the spinneret, due to the friction between the mixed fibers and the air and the induction effect in the electric field, the mixed fibers will carry a certain charge. These charged mixed fibers will be subjected to a force in the electric field, which will change the trajectory of the mixed fibers. At the same time, the electric field will also affect the charge distribution of the mixed fibers, thereby changing the surface structure of the mixed fibers. By adjusting the intensity and direction of the electric field, precise control of the trajectory and surface structure of the mixed fibers can be achieved.

[0086] Magnetic field control is achieved by setting permanent magnets in the spinning path of the solution spinning machine to form a stable magnetic field region. When the mixed fiber is ejected from the spinneret and passes through this magnetic field region, the magnetic material in the mixed fiber will be subjected to magnetic force, causing the mixed fiber to deflect. This deflection not only changes the trajectory of the mixed fiber, but also affects the surface structure of the mixed fiber. By adjusting the strength and direction of the magnetic field, the degree and direction of the deflection of the mixed fiber in the magnetic field can be controlled, thereby achieving the control of the surface structure of the mixed fiber.

[0087] Airflow control involves generating controllable airflow by installing jet nozzles along the spinning path of the solution spinning machine. When the mixed fibers pass through the airflow zone, the airflow impacts and guides the fibers, causing them to oscillate and bend, thus altering their trajectory. Simultaneously, the impact of the airflow on the fiber surface also alters the fiber's surface structure. By adjusting the intensity, direction, and duration of the airflow, precise control over the degree of oscillation and bending of the mixed fibers can be achieved, thereby regulating the fiber's surface structure. Electric field, magnetic field, and airflow control are crucial means of achieving precise control of mixed fibers during solution spinning. Their combined use can optimize the movement trajectory and surface structure of the mixed fibers, resulting in the production of fiber-forming polymer fabrics with superior performance.

[0088] Example 6:

[0089] A method for preparing a waterproof polymer fabric, the method further comprising the following steps:

[0090] Step S4: Post-process the mixed fibers with altered surface structure, including cleaning, drying and heat treatment;

[0091] Step S4 also includes the following steps:

[0092] Step S41: When cleaning the mixed fibers,

[0093] Place the mixed fibers into the cleaning solution, ensuring that the mixed fibers are completely submerged. Use a stirrer to agitate the mixed fibers evenly in the solution to remove surface stains. After removing the mixed fibers from the cleaning solution, rinse them with clean water to remove any remaining cleaning solution and stains from the surface of the mixed fibers. Then, use a centrifuge to dehydrate the mixed fibers.

[0094] Step S42: When drying the mixed fibers, place the cleaned mixed fibers in a ventilated environment for preliminary drying. After removing most of the moisture, put the mixed fibers into a constant temperature oven for drying. Set the temperature to 40℃ and the time to 1.5h. After drying, take the mixed fibers out of the oven and place them in a ventilated place to cool naturally.

[0095] Step S43: When heat treating the mixed fibers, the dried mixed fibers are placed in a preheater for 15 minutes, and the preheated mixed fibers are placed in a constant temperature furnace for 30 minutes. After the heat treatment is completed, the mixed fibers are quickly removed from the constant temperature furnace and cooled.

[0096] Furthermore, cleaning is the first step in the post-processing of blended fibers, with the aim of removing stains and impurities from the surface of the blended fibers. In this step, the blended fibers are first placed in a cleaning solution to ensure that they are completely submerged. Then, a stirrer is used to agitate the blended fibers evenly in the solution, which helps to remove stains more thoroughly. After cleaning, the blended fibers are removed from the cleaning solution and rinsed with clean water to ensure that any residual cleaning solution and stains on the surface of the blended fibers are removed. Finally, a centrifuge is used to dehydrate the blended fibers to reduce the moisture content in the blended fibers, preparing them for the subsequent drying steps.

[0097] The drying step aims to remove residual moisture from the blended fibers, bringing them to the desired degree of dryness. In this step, the cleaned blended fibers are first placed in a ventilated environment for preliminary drying to remove most of the moisture. Then, the blended fibers are placed in a constant temperature oven for drying. The oven temperature is set at 40°C and the time is set at 1.5 hours to ensure that the blended fibers are not damaged during the drying process. After drying, the blended fibers are removed from the oven and placed in a ventilated area to cool naturally to prevent stress or deformation caused by rapid cooling.

[0098] Heat treatment is a crucial step in the post-processing of blended fibers. By altering the crystalline structure and properties of the blended fibers, its quality and stability can be further improved. In this step, the dried blended fibers are first placed in a preheater for 15 minutes to achieve a relatively uniform temperature, preparing them for subsequent heat treatment. After preheating, the blended fibers are placed in a constant-temperature furnace for heat treatment for 30 minutes. After heat treatment, the blended fibers are quickly removed from the furnace and cooled to prevent excessive internal stress or deformation during cooling. Through cleaning, drying, and heat treatment, the quality and performance of the blended fibers can be ensured to meet the expected requirements, providing a solid foundation for subsequent applications.

[0099] Example 7:

[0100] A method for preparing a waterproof polymer fabric, the method further comprising the following steps:

[0101] Step S5: Perform a second biaxial stretching on the mixed fibers and soak them in a surface finishing agent;

[0102] Step S5 also includes the following steps:

[0103] Step S51: When performing secondary biaxial stretching on the mixed fibers, the mixed fibers are first subjected to a first biaxial stretching at a lower temperature and a smaller draw ratio to form an initial microporous structure inside the material. The mixed fibers after the first biaxial stretching are then heat-treated, and a second biaxial stretching is performed on the heat-treated mixed fibers at a higher temperature and a larger draw ratio to further refine the microporous structure. After stretching is completed, the mixed fibers are quickly cooled to fix the formed microporous structure.

[0104] Step S52: When soaking the mixed fibers in the surface finishing agent, first immerse the mixed fibers in the surface finishing agent to ensure that the mixed fibers are fully immersed in the finishing agent solution. After soaking, heat and dry the mixed fibers to promote the adsorption of the finishing agent with the mixed fibers. After curing, clean and dry the mixed fibers to remove unfixed finishing agent and residues.

[0105] Furthermore, by performing a second biaxial stretching, the internal structure of the blended fibers can be altered, resulting in improved mechanical properties. First, a first biaxial stretching is performed at a lower temperature and a smaller draw ratio, which forms an initial microporous structure within the material. This microporous structure forms the basis for subsequent stretching and performance optimization. The blended fibers after the first stretching are then heat-treated, which stabilizes the internal structure and prepares the fibers for the second stretching. Next, a second biaxial stretching is performed at a higher temperature and a larger draw ratio, which further refines the microporous structure and improves the mechanical properties of the blended fibers. After stretching, the blended fibers are rapidly cooled, which fixes the formed microporous structure and maintains the excellent properties of the blended fibers after stretching.

[0106] The purpose of soaking the surface finishing agent is to improve the surface properties of the blended fibers, including hydrophilicity and antistatic properties. The blended fibers are immersed in the surface finishing agent solution, ensuring that the fibers are fully wetted. This allows the finishing agent to fully penetrate the surface and interior of the blended fibers. Then, the soaked blended fibers are heated and dried. Heating and drying promote the adsorption and curing of the finishing agent with the blended fibers, allowing the finishing agent to firmly adhere to the surface of the blended fibers. After curing, the blended fibers are cleaned and dried. Cleaning removes any unfixed finishing agent and residues, ensuring the cleanliness of the blended fiber surface and the stability of its properties.

[0107] Example 8:

[0108] A method for preparing a waterproof polymer fabric, the method further comprising the following steps:

[0109] Step S6: Weave the mixed fibers to form a fiber polymer fabric, adjust the surface roughness of the fiber polymer fabric using plasma treatment, and apply a waterproofing agent.

[0110] Step S6 also includes the following steps:

[0111] Step S61: When adjusting the surface roughness of the fiber-forming polymer fabric using plasma treatment, firstly, the fiber-forming polymer fabric to be treated is placed in the treatment chamber of the plasma machine, and vacuum pumping and auxiliary heating are performed to remove impurities and moisture from the fabric surface. Then, gas is introduced into the treatment chamber and maintained at a low pressure. An electric field is generated by the plasma generator, and the gas is ionized to generate plasma. The pre-treated fiber-forming polymer fabric is placed in the plasma environment, and the high-energy particles in the plasma bombard the fabric surface, changing its surface roughness. After the plasma treatment is completed, cooling and drying are performed.

[0112] In step S62, when applying the waterproofing agent to the surface of the fiber polymer fabric, the waterproofing agent and softener are mixed evenly to form a waterproofing agent mixture. The waterproofing agent mixture is then evenly applied to the surface of the fiber polymer fabric using a roller. After applying the waterproofing agent, the fiber polymer fabric is allowed to air dry and cure naturally in a well-ventilated and dry environment.

[0113] Furthermore, plasma treatment is an effective surface modification technology that can change the surface roughness of fiber-bonded polymer fabrics. First, the fiber-bonded polymer fabric to be treated is placed in the treatment chamber of the plasma machine, where it is vacuumed and assisted with heating. This step is to remove impurities and moisture from the fabric surface, ensuring the purity and effectiveness of subsequent treatments. Then, gas is introduced into the treatment chamber and maintained at a low pressure. An electric field is generated by a plasma generator, which ionizes the gas to produce plasma. The high-energy particles in the plasma are highly active and can interact physically and chemically with the fabric surface. The pre-treated fiber-bonded polymer fabric is placed in the plasma environment, where high-energy particles bombard the fabric surface, altering its surface structure and thus adjusting its roughness. After plasma treatment, cooling and drying are performed to ensure that the fabric surface is stable and free from contamination.

[0114] Applying a waterproofing agent enhances the waterproof performance of polymer fabrics, enabling them to remain dry and stable in humid environments. First, the waterproofing agent and softener are mixed thoroughly to form a waterproofing mixture. The addition of the softener improves the adhesion and flexibility of the waterproofing agent, making the treated fabric softer and more comfortable. A roller is then used to evenly apply the waterproofing mixture to the surface of the polymer fabric. The roller ensures that the mixture covers the entire fabric surface uniformly, forming a dense waterproof layer. After application, the polymer fabric is placed in a well-ventilated and dry environment to air dry and cure. During this process, the solvent in the waterproofing mixture gradually evaporates, while the waterproofing components react chemically and physically with the fabric surface, forming a strong waterproof layer. Through these two steps, the surface properties of the polymer fabric are significantly improved, resulting in not only better waterproof performance but also the required surface roughness, providing a good foundation for subsequent applications.

[0115] Example 9:

[0116] A method for preparing a waterproof polymer fabric, the method further comprising the following steps:

[0117] Step S7: Conduct a waterproof test on the prepared fiber-forming polymer fabric.

[0118] Step S7 also includes the following steps:

[0119] Step S71: Water resistance testing includes hydrostatic pressure testing and water immersion testing;

[0120] Step S72: When conducting hydrostatic pressure testing on the fiber-forming polymer fabric, the hydrostatic pressure method of GB / T4744-2013 "Test and Evaluation of Waterproof Performance of Textiles" is adopted. First, 12 samples are randomly selected from the prepared fiber-forming polymer fabric, each sample being 100mm×100mm in size. The conditioning and testing of the standard atmosphere are carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB / T6529, and the samples are conditioned with deionized water for 5 hours.

[0121] Clamp the conditioned sample with its front side in contact with the water surface. Apply a continuously increasing water pressure to the sample at a rate of 6.0 kPa / min ± 0.3 kPa / min and observe the seepage phenomenon. Record the hydrostatic pressure value when the third water droplet just appears on the sample. If the third water droplet appears at the edge of the hydrostatic pressure tester clamping device and causes the hydrostatic pressure value of the third water droplet to be lower than the lowest value of other samples of the same sample, discard this data and add a new sample for testing until a normal test result is obtained. Then repeat the steps to measure the remaining samples.

[0122] Furthermore, the hydrostatic pressure resistance rating and waterproof performance are evaluated as follows:

[0123]

[0124] The hydrostatic pressure test results are as follows:

[0125]

[0126]

[0127] The hydrostatic pressure test results show that the fiber polymer fabric has good waterproof performance.

[0128] Example 10:

[0129] A method for preparing a waterproof polymer fabric, wherein step S7 further includes the following steps:

[0130] Step S73: When conducting the water-repellent test on the fiber polymer fabric, the water-repellent method of GB / T4745-2012 Textile Waterproof Performance Test and Evaluation is adopted. First, 12 samples are randomly selected from the prepared fiber polymer fabric, each sample area is 200mm×200mm. The conditioning and standard atmosphere for testing are carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB / T6529. The samples are conditioned with deionized water for 5 hours.

[0131] After conditioning the sample, clamp it with a holder and place it on the support with the sample face up during the test. The fabric warp direction should be parallel to the water flow direction. Pour 250 μL of test water quickly and steadily into the funnel and spray continuously for 25-30 seconds. After the spraying stops, immediately remove the holder holding the sample so that the fabric face down is almost horizontal. Then, gently tap the holder against a solid hard object. Rotate the holder horizontally 180 degrees and tap it gently again. After tapping, immediately rate the degree of wetting of the sample face on the holder based on the description of the water wetting phenomenon. Then repeat the steps to test the remaining samples.

[0132] Furthermore, the standards for describing the water-retention phenomenon are as follows:

[0133]

[0134]

[0135] The results of the water-dip test are as follows:

[0136]

[0137] The water-dampening test results show that the fiber polymer fabric has good waterproof performance.

[0138] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a fiber-forming polymer fabric with good waterproof performance, characterized in that, The preparation method of this fiber-forming polymer fabric is as follows: Step S1: Blend polytetrafluoroethylene and polyurethane in a solvent; Step S2: Observe the microscopic distribution of the polytetrafluoroethylene and polyurethane mixed solution using a scanning electron microscope; Step S1 also includes the following steps: Step S11: First, add the nano-waterproof material, organosilicon compound, fluorocarbon surfactant, catalyst, heat stabilizer, light stabilizer and plasticizer to a container containing solvent for premixing. Then, pour polytetrafluoroethylene and polyurethane into the container and stir the polytetrafluoroethylene and polyurethane with a stirrer until they are fully dissolved in the solvent and uniformly mixed. The stirring temperature is 160-200℃, the stirring time is 5-7 hours, and the stirring speed is 1000-1500 rpm. Step S2 also includes the following steps: Step S21: Randomly take 10 samples, each 20g, from the well-mixed polytetrafluoroethylene and polyurethane solution. Place each sample into a clean container and number them in the order of 1-10. Step S22: Dry each sample to remove the solvent and obtain a dry PTFE and PU mixture. Use a cutting machine to cut the dried mixture into thin slices of the same size. Spray a thin metal film on the surface of the cut thin slice sample and divide the thin slice sample into four equal parts. Number the thin slice samples in the order of A, B, C and D. Step S23: Place the prepared thin-film samples one by one onto the sample stage of the scanning electron microscope. After ensuring that the samples are firmly fixed, use the scanning electron microscope to observe the distribution of polytetrafluoroethylene and polyurethane in the thin-film samples. Observe the A, B, C and D regions of each thin-film sample in sequence. Step S24: Based on the scanning electron microscope observation results, record the distribution of polytetrafluoroethylene and polyurethane in each sample, including particle shape, size and distribution uniformity, and perform microscopic distribution statistical analysis on all observation results. Microscopic distribution statistical analysis includes comparing the differences and similarities between different samples. Based on the statistical analysis results, the uniformity of the mixing of polytetrafluoroethylene and polyurethane in the mixed solution is judged. If polytetrafluoroethylene and polyurethane are observed to be uniformly distributed at the microscale and the particle size and shape are similar, the mixing is considered to be uniform. If obvious agglomeration or separation is observed, the mixing is considered to be non-uniform and repeated mixing is required. The solvent is one of the following: a mixture of butanone and N,N-dimethylformamide, a mixture of ethyl acetate and N,N-dimethylformamide, and a mixture of toluene and N,N-dimethylformamide; The method for preparing the fiber-forming polymer fabric also includes the following steps: Step S3: Using a solution spinning machine, the prepared polytetrafluoroethylene and polyurethane mixed solution is converted into mixed fibers. The surface structure of the mixed fibers sprayed out by the solution spinning machine is changed by electric field control, magnetic field control and airflow control. Step S4: Post-process the mixed fibers with altered surface structure, including cleaning, drying and heat treatment; Step S5: Perform a second biaxial stretching on the mixed fibers and soak them in a surface finishing agent; Step S6: Weave the mixed fibers to form a fiber polymer fabric, adjust the surface roughness of the fiber polymer fabric using plasma treatment, and apply a waterproofing agent. Step S7: Conduct a waterproof test on the prepared fiber-forming polymer fabric; Step S3 also includes the following steps: Step S31: Electric field control includes setting a pair of electrodes near the spinneret of the solution spinning machine to form a stable electric field. When the mixed fiber is ejected from the spinneret, it will carry a certain charge due to friction and induction. The charged mixed fiber will be subjected to force in the electric field, changing its trajectory and altering the surface structure of the mixed fiber. Step S32: Magnetic field control includes setting a permanent magnet on the spinning path of the solution spinning machine to form a stable magnetic field region. When the mixed fibers are ejected from the spinneret and pass through the magnetic field region, they will be subjected to magnetic force. The magnetic force causes the mixed fibers to deflect and changes the surface structure of the mixed fibers. Step S33: Airflow control includes installing air nozzles on the spinning path of the solution spinning machine to generate controllable airflow. When the mixed fibers pass through the airflow area, the airflow will impact and guide the mixed fibers, causing them to oscillate and bend, and changing the surface structure of the mixed fibers.

2. The method for preparing a waterproof polymer fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S4 also includes the following steps: Step S41: When cleaning the mixed fibers, Place the mixed fibers into the cleaning solution, ensuring that the mixed fibers are completely submerged. Use a stirrer to agitate the mixed fibers evenly in the solution to remove surface stains. After removing the mixed fibers from the cleaning solution, rinse them with clean water to remove any remaining cleaning solution and stains from the surface of the mixed fibers. Then, use a centrifuge to dehydrate the mixed fibers. Step S42: When drying the mixed fibers, place the cleaned mixed fibers in a ventilated environment for preliminary drying. After removing most of the moisture, put the mixed fibers into a constant temperature oven for drying. Set the temperature to 40℃ and the time to 1.5h. After drying, take the mixed fibers out of the oven and place them in a ventilated place to cool naturally. Step S43: When heat treating the mixed fibers, the dried mixed fibers are placed in a preheater for 15 minutes, and the preheated mixed fibers are placed in a constant temperature furnace for 30 minutes. After the heat treatment is completed, the mixed fibers are quickly removed from the constant temperature furnace and cooled.

3. The method for preparing a waterproof polymer fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S5 also includes the following steps: Step S51: When performing secondary biaxial stretching on the mixed fibers, the mixed fibers are first subjected to a first biaxial stretching at a lower temperature and a smaller draw ratio to form an initial microporous structure inside the material. The mixed fibers after the first biaxial stretching are then heat-treated, and a second biaxial stretching is performed on the heat-treated mixed fibers at a higher temperature and a larger draw ratio to further refine the microporous structure. After stretching is completed, the mixed fibers are quickly cooled to fix the formed microporous structure. Step S52: When soaking the mixed fibers in the surface finishing agent, first immerse the mixed fibers in the surface finishing agent to ensure that the mixed fibers are fully immersed in the finishing agent solution. After soaking, heat and dry the mixed fibers to promote the adsorption of the finishing agent with the mixed fibers. After curing, clean and dry the mixed fibers to remove unfixed finishing agent and residues.

4. The method for preparing a waterproof polymer fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S6 also includes the following steps: Step S61: When adjusting the surface roughness of the fiber-forming polymer fabric using plasma treatment, firstly, the fiber-forming polymer fabric to be treated is placed in the treatment chamber of the plasma machine, and vacuum pumping and auxiliary heating are performed to remove impurities and moisture from the fabric surface. Then, gas is introduced into the treatment chamber and maintained at a low pressure. An electric field is generated by the plasma generator, and the gas is ionized to generate plasma. The pre-treated fiber-forming polymer fabric is placed in the plasma environment, and the high-energy particles in the plasma bombard the fabric surface, changing its surface roughness. After the plasma treatment is completed, cooling and drying are performed. In step S62, when applying the waterproofing agent to the surface of the fiber polymer fabric, the waterproofing agent and softener are mixed evenly to form a waterproofing agent mixture. The waterproofing agent mixture is then evenly applied to the surface of the fiber polymer fabric using a roller. After applying the waterproofing agent, the fiber polymer fabric is allowed to air dry and cure naturally in a well-ventilated and dry environment.

5. The method for preparing a waterproof polymer fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S7 also includes the following steps: Step S71: Water resistance testing includes hydrostatic pressure testing and water immersion testing; Step S72: When conducting hydrostatic pressure testing on the fiber-forming polymer fabric, the hydrostatic pressure method of GB / T4744-2013 "Test and Evaluation of Waterproof Performance of Textiles" is adopted. First, 12 samples are randomly selected from the prepared fiber-forming polymer fabric, each sample being 100mm×100mm in size. The conditioning and testing of the standard atmosphere are carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB / T6529, and the samples are conditioned with deionized water for 5 hours. Clamp the conditioned sample with its front side in contact with the water surface. Apply a continuously increasing water pressure to the sample at a rate of 6.0 kPa / min ± 0.3 kPa / min and observe the seepage phenomenon. Record the hydrostatic pressure value when the third water droplet just appears on the sample. If the third water droplet appears at the edge of the hydrostatic pressure tester clamping device and causes the hydrostatic pressure value of the third water droplet to be lower than the lowest value of other samples of the same sample, discard this data and add a new sample for testing until a normal test result is obtained. Then repeat the steps to measure the remaining samples.

6. The method for preparing a waterproof polymer fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S7 also includes the following steps: Step S73: When conducting the water-repellent test on the fiber polymer fabric, the water-repellent method of GB / T4745-2012 Textile Waterproof Performance Test and Evaluation is adopted. First, 12 samples are randomly selected from the prepared fiber polymer fabric, each sample area is 200mm×200mm. The conditioning and standard atmosphere for testing are carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB / T6529. The samples are conditioned with deionized water for 5 hours. After conditioning the sample, clamp it with a holder and place it on the support with the sample face up during the test. The fabric warp direction should be parallel to the water flow direction. Pour 250 μL of test water quickly and steadily into the funnel and spray continuously for 25-30 seconds. After the spraying stops, immediately remove the holder holding the sample so that the fabric face down is almost horizontal. Then, gently tap the holder against a solid hard object. Rotate the holder horizontally 180 degrees and tap it gently again. After tapping, immediately rate the degree of wetting of the sample face on the holder based on the description of the water wetting phenomenon. Then repeat the steps to test the remaining samples.

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