A method for improving the quality of photothermal hot water coupled with photovoltaic

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of coupled photovoltaic technology, and specifically discloses a method for improving the quality of photothermal hot water in coupled photovoltaics, which is used to solve the problem that it is difficult to detect the superheat oscillation in time due to the fluctuation of solar radiation intensity during actual operation; the present invention calculates the radiation fluctuation value and the heat pump stability value in the working environment by obtaining the first parameter and the second working parameter respectively, judges the existence of delayed adjustment through the radiation fluctuation value in the working environment, judges whether the heat pump stability is qualified based on the heat pump stability value, combines the above to judge whether there is heat oscillation, and when there is heat oscillation, calculates the severity of the heat oscillation, and judges the stability of the hot water through the severity of the heat oscillation, which helps to improve the overall efficiency of the heat pump and ensure the best operating state of the heat pump and the hot water system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of coupled photovoltaics, and more specifically, to a method for improving the quality of photo-thermal hot water with coupled photovoltaics. Background Art

[0002] Coupled photovoltaic technology can improve the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic cells while utilizing solar heat for comprehensive photovoltaic-thermal utilization. However, solar energy is unstable and discontinuous. The prior art organically combines coupled photovoltaic technology with air-source heat pump technology to propose a direct-drive dual-source heat pump hot water system based on coupled photovoltaic technology. The solar heat collected by the coupled photovoltaic collector is used as one of the evaporation heat sources of the heat pump, and hot water is heated through the heat pump cycle to provide domestic hot water and heating for buildings, which not only increases the temperature of the produced hot water but also improves the stability of the system. Due to the large fluctuations in solar radiation intensity during actual operation, the adjustment method of the electronic expansion valve is often a delayed adjustment, which may lead to the situation of superheat oscillation, which is not conducive to the stability and safety of the device operation. At the same time, it will also cause the component temperature to be unable to be well controlled. To solve the above problems, a technical solution is provided. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for improving the quality of photo-thermal hot water with coupled photovoltaics. By calculating the radiation fluctuation value in the working environment to judge the existence of delayed adjustment, and based on calculating the heat pump stability value to judge whether the heat pump stability is qualified, and combining the above to judge whether there is heat oscillation. When there is heat oscillation, calculate the severity of the heat oscillation, and judge the stability of the hot water through the severity of the heat oscillation, which helps to improve the overall efficiency of the heat pump to solve the problems mentioned in the above background art.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] A method for improving the quality of photo-thermal hot water with coupled photovoltaics, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step S1, obtaining the first parameter of the working environment and the real-time second working parameter of the heat pump;

[0007] Step S2, extracting the first parameter, importing the first parameter into the environmental radiation fluctuation calculation model to calculate the radiation fluctuation value in the working environment, and judging the existence of delayed adjustment through the radiation fluctuation value in the working environment;

[0008] Step S3, extracting the second working parameter, importing the second working parameter into the heat pump stability value calculation formula to calculate the heat pump stability value, and judging whether the heat pump stability is qualified;

[0009] Step S4: Determine whether there is heat oscillation through Step S3 and Step S4. If yes, proceed to Step S5; otherwise, proceed to S6.

[0010] Step S5: Repeat the above Steps S1 to S4.

[0011] Step S6: Obtain the third parameter during heat oscillation, import the third parameter into the heat oscillation severity calculation formula, calculate the heat oscillation severity, and determine the stability of the hot water based on the heat oscillation severity.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention, in Step S1, the first parameter includes the solar radiation intensity fluctuation frequency range parameter, the solar radiation intensity fluctuation amplitude range parameter, and the ambient temperature change range parameter in the working environment; the second working parameter includes the heat output of the heat pump, the coefficient of performance of the heat pump, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic cell.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention, in Step S6, the third parameter includes the superheat fluctuation amplitude range parameter, the superheat fluctuation frequency range parameter, and the real-time deviation value between the preset superheat and the actual superheat.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention, in Step S2, the specific steps for determining the existence of delay adjustment by the radiation fluctuation value in the working environment are as follows:

[0015] Step S21: Extract the solar radiation intensity fluctuation frequency range parameter, the solar radiation intensity fluctuation amplitude range parameter, and the ambient temperature change range parameter in the working environment from the first parameter, import the solar radiation intensity fluctuation frequency range parameter, the solar radiation intensity fluctuation amplitude range parameter, and the ambient temperature change range parameter in the working environment into the environmental radiation fluctuation calculation model, and calculate the radiation fluctuation value in the working environment. The formula of the environmental radiation fluctuation calculation model is:

[0016]

[0017] In the formula: f hb is the radiation fluctuation value in the working environment, T b is the ambient temperature change range parameter at time b, T max is the maximum value of the ambient temperature change range parameter in the working environment, T min is the minimum value of the ambient temperature change range parameter in the working environment, is the maximum value of the solar radiation intensity fluctuation frequency range parameter in the working environment, is the minimum value of the solar radiation intensity fluctuation frequency range parameter in the working environment, q fb is the solar radiation intensity fluctuation frequency range parameter at time b, is the maximum value among the range parameters of the solar radiation intensity fluctuation in the working environment, is the minimum value among the range parameters of the solar radiation intensity fluctuation in the working environment, p fb is the range parameter of the solar radiation intensity fluctuation at time b, where b is time b;

[0018] Step S22: Compare the radiation fluctuation value in the working environment with the preset radiation fluctuation threshold. If the radiation fluctuation value in the working environment is greater than or equal to the preset radiation fluctuation threshold, there is a delay adjustment; if the radiation fluctuation value in the working environment is less than the preset radiation fluctuation threshold, there is no delay adjustment.

[0019] As a further solution of the present invention, in step S3, the specific steps for judging whether the heat pump stability is qualified are as follows:

[0020] Step S31: Extract the heat pump heating capacity, heat pump performance coefficient, and photovoltaic cell photoelectric conversion efficiency in the second working parameter, and import the heat pump heating capacity, heat pump performance coefficient, and photovoltaic cell photoelectric conversion efficiency into the heat pump stability value calculation formula to calculate the heat pump stability value. The heat pump stability value calculation formula is:

[0021]

[0022] In the formula: r bw is the heat pump stability value, μ wb is the photovoltaic cell photoelectric conversion efficiency at time b, q wb+1 is the heat pump heating capacity at time b + 1, q wb is the heat pump heating capacity at time b, cop wb+1 is the heat pump performance coefficient at time b + 1, cop wb is the heat pump performance coefficient at time b, and B is the set of working times in the working environment;

[0023] Step S32: Compare the heat pump stability value with the preset heat pump stability threshold. If the heat pump stability value is greater than or equal to the preset heat pump stability threshold, the heat pump stability is qualified; if the heat pump stability value is less than the preset heat pump stability threshold, the heat pump stability is unqualified.

[0024] As a further solution of the present invention, in step S6, by obtaining the superheat fluctuation amplitude range parameter and superheat fluctuation frequency range parameter in the third parameter during heat oscillation, and the real-time deviation value between the preset superheat and the actual superheat, import the superheat fluctuation amplitude range parameter, superheat fluctuation frequency range parameter, and the real-time deviation value between the preset superheat and the actual superheat into the heat oscillation severity calculation formula to calculate the heat oscillation severity. The heat oscillation severity calculation formula is:

[0025]

[0026]

[0027] Where: d r is the severity of heat oscillation, is the maximum value of the superheat fluctuation amplitude range parameter at time b, is the maximum value of the superheat fluctuation amplitude range parameter at time b - 1, is the minimum value of the superheat fluctuation amplitude range parameter at time b, is the minimum value of the superheat fluctuation amplitude range parameter at time b - 1, is the maximum value of the superheat fluctuation frequency range parameter at time b, is the maximum value of the superheat fluctuation frequency range parameter at time b - 1, is the minimum value of the superheat fluctuation frequency range parameter at time b, is the minimum value of the superheat fluctuation frequency range parameter at time b - 1, is the real-time deviation value between the preset superheat and the actual superheat, p ys is the preset superheat, p b is the actual superheat at time b.

[0028] The technical effects and advantages of a method for improving the quality of solar-thermal hot water coupled with photovoltaic in the present invention: By obtaining the first parameter and the second working parameter, calculating the radiation fluctuation value and the heat pump stability value in the working environment respectively, judging the existence of delay regulation through the radiation fluctuation value in the working environment, judging whether the heat pump stability is qualified based on the heat pump stability value, combining the above to judge whether there is heat oscillation, calculating the severity of heat oscillation when there is heat oscillation, and judging the stability of hot water through the severity of heat oscillation, which helps to improve the overall efficiency of the heat pump and ensure the optimal operation state of the heat pump and the hot water system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for improving the quality of solar-thermal hot water coupled with photovoltaic provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0030] The technical solutions in the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the present invention. Obviously, the described technical solutions are only a part of the present invention, rather than all of them. All other technical solutions obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the technical solutions in the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0031] Embodiment 1

[0032] Figure 1 The flowchart shows a method for improving the quality of photothermal hot water coupled with photovoltaic in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. As Figure 1 shown, a method for improving the quality of photothermal hot water coupled with photovoltaic in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0033] Step S1, obtain the first parameters of the working environment and the real-time second working parameters of the heat pump;

[0034] Step S2, extract the first parameters, import the first parameters into the environmental radiation fluctuation calculation model, calculate the radiation fluctuation value in the working environment, and judge the existence of delay adjustment through the radiation fluctuation value in the working environment;

[0035] Step S3, extract the second working parameters, import the second working parameters into the heat pump stability value calculation formula, calculate the heat pump stability value, and judge whether the heat pump stability is qualified;

[0036] Step S4, judge whether heat oscillation exists through Step S3 and Step S4. If yes, enter Step S5; otherwise, enter S6;

[0037] Step S5, repeatedly execute the above Steps S1 to S4;

[0038] Step S6, obtain the third parameters during heat oscillation, import the third parameters into the heat oscillation severity calculation formula, calculate the heat oscillation severity, and judge the stability of the hot water through the heat oscillation severity.

[0039] In Step S1, the first parameters include the solar radiation intensity fluctuation frequency range parameter, the solar radiation intensity fluctuation amplitude range parameter, and the environmental temperature change range parameter in the working environment; the second working parameters include the heat pump heating capacity, the heat pump performance coefficient, and the photovoltaic cell photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0040] Measure the solar radiation intensity fluctuation frequency range parameter and the solar radiation intensity fluctuation amplitude range parameter in the working environment through a pyranometer or a luxmeter; measure the environmental temperature change range parameter through a temperature sensor.

[0041] In Step S6, the third parameters include the superheat fluctuation amplitude range parameter, the superheat fluctuation frequency range parameter, and the real-time deviation value between the preset superheat and the actual superheat.

[0042] The superheat degree refers to the temperature difference between the actual temperature of the refrigerant from the outlet of the evaporator to the inlet of the compressor and the evaporation temperature, and the actual temperature of the refrigerant is measured by installing a temperature sensor (such as a thermocouple or a thermal resistance) at the outlet of the evaporator. At the same time as measuring the refrigerant temperature at the outlet of the evaporator, it is also necessary to measure the refrigerant pressure at this point; the refrigerant pressure at the outlet of the evaporator is obtained by installing a pressure sensor, and the measured pressure is converted into the corresponding evaporation temperature using a pressure-temperature conversion table (refrigerant property table); the superheat degree is the difference between the actual temperature of the refrigerant at the outlet of the evaporator and the evaporation temperature.

[0043] In step S2, the specific steps for judging the existence of delay adjustment by the radiation fluctuation value in the working environment are as follows:

[0044] Step S21, extract the solar radiation intensity fluctuation frequency range parameter, solar radiation intensity fluctuation amplitude range parameter, and ambient temperature change range parameter in the working environment from the first parameter, and import the solar radiation intensity fluctuation frequency range parameter, solar radiation intensity fluctuation amplitude range parameter, and ambient temperature change range parameter in the working environment into the environmental radiation fluctuation calculation model to calculate the radiation fluctuation value in the working environment. The formula of the environmental radiation fluctuation calculation model is:

[0045]

[0046] In the formula: f hb is the radiation fluctuation value in the working environment, T b is the ambient temperature change range parameter at time b, T max is the maximum value in the ambient temperature change range parameter in the working environment, T min is the minimum value in the ambient temperature change range parameter in the working environment, is the maximum value in the solar radiation intensity fluctuation frequency range parameter in the working environment, is the minimum value in the solar radiation intensity fluctuation frequency range parameter in the working environment, q fb is the solar radiation intensity fluctuation frequency range parameter at time b, is the maximum value in the solar radiation intensity fluctuation amplitude range parameter in the working environment, is the minimum value in the solar radiation intensity fluctuation amplitude range parameter in the working environment, p fb is the solar radiation intensity fluctuation amplitude range parameter at time b, and b is time b;

[0047] Step S22, compare the radiation fluctuation value in the working environment with the preset radiation fluctuation threshold. If the radiation fluctuation value in the working environment is greater than or equal to the preset radiation fluctuation threshold, there is delay adjustment; if the radiation fluctuation value in the working environment is less than the preset radiation fluctuation threshold, there is no delay adjustment.

[0048] By extracting the parameters of the solar radiation intensity fluctuation frequency range, the fluctuation amplitude range, and the environmental temperature change range, it helps to comprehensively understand and describe the solar radiation situation in the working environment; by comparing the calculated radiation fluctuation value with a preset threshold, it can accurately judge whether there is a delay adjustment, which helps to take timely measures to prevent system instability caused by delay adjustment; when the radiation fluctuation value exceeds the preset threshold, it can be adjusted in a timely manner to optimize the system's response speed and adjustment accuracy, and improve the system's stability; by continuously monitoring and judging the existence of delay adjustment, it can effectively prevent overheat oscillation caused by delay adjustment, ensure the stability and reliability of the system operation, and continuous monitoring and adjustment help to keep the heat pump in the best operating state, reduce unnecessary failures and maintenance, and improve the overall performance of the system.

[0049] In step S3, the specific steps for judging whether the heat pump stability is qualified are as follows:

[0050] Step S31, extract the heat pump heating capacity, the heat pump performance coefficient, and the photovoltaic cell photoelectric conversion efficiency in the second working parameter, import the heat pump heating capacity, the heat pump performance coefficient, and the photovoltaic cell photoelectric conversion efficiency into the heat pump stability value calculation formula, and calculate the heat pump stability value. The heat pump stability value calculation formula is:

[0051]

[0052] Where: r bw is the heat pump stability value, μ wb is the photovoltaic cell photoelectric conversion efficiency at time b, q wb+1 is the heat pump heating capacity at time b + 1, q wb is the heat pump heating capacity at time b, cop wb+1 is the heat pump performance coefficient at time b + 1, cop wb is the heat pump performance coefficient at time b, and B is the set of working times in the working environment;

[0053] Step S32, compare the heat pump stability value with the preset heat pump stability threshold. If the heat pump stability value is greater than or equal to the preset heat pump stability threshold, the heat pump stability is qualified; if the heat pump stability value is less than the preset heat pump stability threshold, the heat pump stability is unqualified.

[0054] Through comprehensive consideration of the heating capacity of the heat pump, the coefficient of performance of the heat pump, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic cell, a comprehensive assessment is provided to improve the accuracy and reliability of judgment; by comparing the stable value of the heat pump with the preset threshold, the stability of the heat pump can be quickly judged, necessary adjustments can be made in a timely manner to prevent system instability; by continuously monitoring the heating capacity and coefficient of performance of the heat pump in real time, the operating state of the heat pump is continuously optimized to ensure that it operates in the best state, improve efficiency and service life, ensure that the heat pump operates in a highly efficient and stable state, reduce energy consumption, and improve the overall performance of the system; calculations and judgments are made using real-time data to drive system optimization, achieve intelligent control, reduce human intervention, improve the intelligent level of system operation, be able to automatically monitor and judge the stability of the heat pump, and perform automatic adjustment to improve operating efficiency and response speed; combined with the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic cell, the collaborative work of the photovoltaic system and the heat pump is optimized to improve the utilization efficiency of renewable energy and reduce the operating cost of the system.

[0055] The direct-drive dual-source heat pump water heating system based on coupled photovoltaic technology mainly consists of two subsystems, namely the outdoor dual-source heat pump subsystem and the solar photovoltaic electronic system on the roof. Among them, the outdoor dual-source heat pump subsystem consists of a coupled photovoltaic collector, a plate heat exchanger, a compressor, a shell-and-tube condenser, an electronic expansion valve, an air-cooled heat exchanger, and a heat preservation water tank, while the roof solar photovoltaic electronic system consists of six photovoltaic modules (three of which are with collector devices and three are pure photovoltaic modules), a photovoltaic controller with maximum power point tracking (MPPT) function, and an inverter. There are also devices such as a DC circulation pump, a constant pressure water tank, and a solenoid valve with auxiliary functions in the system.

[0056] The heating capacity of the heat pump in the second operating parameter, that is, the heat released by the condenser to the water tank in the direct-drive dual-source heat pump water heating system based on coupled photovoltaic technology, is calculated by directly measuring the inlet and outlet temperatures of the water side of the shell-and-tube condenser and the circulating water flow; the coefficient of performance of the heat pump refers to the ratio of the heating capacity of the heat pump to the power consumed by the compressor; the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic cell is obtained by dividing the output power of the photovoltaic cell by the solar radiation energy received by the photovoltaic module to obtain the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic cell per unit area.

[0057] In step S4, it is judged whether heat oscillation exists through step S3 and step S4, that is, when there is delayed adjustment and the stability of the heat pump is unqualified, there is delayed adjustment of the heat pump and the stability is qualified, or there is no delayed adjustment of the heat pump and the stability is unqualified, heat oscillation exists.

[0058] In step S6, the specific steps for judging the stability of hot water by the severity of heat oscillation are as follows:

[0059] Step S61: Obtain the superheat fluctuation amplitude range parameter, the superheat fluctuation frequency range parameter, and the real-time deviation value between the preset superheat and the actual superheat in the third parameter during heat oscillation. Import the superheat fluctuation amplitude range parameter, the superheat fluctuation frequency range parameter, and the real-time deviation value between the preset superheat and the actual superheat into the heat oscillation severity calculation formula to calculate the heat oscillation severity. The heat oscillation severity calculation formula is as follows:

[0060]

[0061]

[0062] In the formula: d r is the heat oscillation severity, is the maximum value of the superheat fluctuation amplitude range parameter at time b, is the maximum value of the superheat fluctuation amplitude range parameter at time b - 1, is the minimum value of the superheat fluctuation amplitude range parameter at time b, is the minimum value of the superheat fluctuation amplitude range parameter at time b - 1, is the maximum value of the superheat fluctuation frequency range parameter at time b, is the maximum value of the superheat fluctuation frequency range parameter at time b - 1, is the minimum value of the superheat fluctuation frequency range parameter at time b, is the minimum value of the superheat fluctuation frequency range parameter at time b - 1, is the real-time deviation value between the preset superheat and the actual superheat, p ys is the preset superheat, p b is the actual superheat at time b.

[0063] Step S62: Compare the heat oscillation severity with the preset heat oscillation severity threshold. When the heat oscillation severity is greater than or equal to the preset heat oscillation severity threshold, the stability of the hot water is unqualified; when the heat oscillation severity is less than the preset heat oscillation severity threshold, the stability of the hot water is qualified.

[0064] By obtaining the range parameter of the superheat fluctuation amplitude, the range parameter of the superheat fluctuation frequency, and the real-time deviation value between the preset superheat and the actual superheat, the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the data are ensured. Using a detailed calculation formula for the severity of heat oscillation, the severity of heat oscillation is accurately evaluated; through the real-time data acquisition and calculation in step S61, heat oscillation problems can be detected in a timely manner, and corresponding measures can be taken to prevent the occurrence of system instability. Through the comparison and judgment in step S62, when the severity of heat oscillation exceeds the preset threshold, a quick response and adjustment can be made to ensure the stable operation of the system; through precise calculation and timely adjustment, the superheat oscillation is effectively reduced, ensuring the stability and reliability of the hot water system; by reducing the energy loss caused by heat oscillation, the energy utilization efficiency is improved, and the system operation cost is reduced. By stabilizing the operation of the heat pump, the collaborative work of the photovoltaic system and the heat pump is ensured, and the utilization efficiency of renewable energy is improved. Using real-time data for calculation and judgment, the system is driven to be optimized, intelligent control is realized, human intervention is reduced, and the automation level of the system is improved.

[0065] In the embodiment of the present invention, by obtaining the first parameter and the second working parameter, the radiation fluctuation value and the heat pump stability value in the working environment are calculated respectively. The existence of delayed adjustment is judged by the radiation fluctuation value in the working environment, and whether the heat pump stability is qualified is judged based on the heat pump stability value. Combining the above judgments, whether heat oscillation exists is determined. When heat oscillation exists, the severity of heat oscillation is calculated, and the stability of hot water is judged by the severity of heat oscillation, which helps to improve the overall efficiency of the heat pump and ensure the best operating state of the heat pump and the hot water system.

[0066] As mentioned above, only the specific implementation manners of this application are described, but the protection scope of this application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application can easily think of changes or substitutions, which should all be covered within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be subject to the protection scope of the claimed rights.

[0067] Finally: The above description is only a preferred solution of the present invention and is not used to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for improving the quality of photothermal hot water coupled with photovoltaic, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Step S1, obtain the first parameter of the working environment and the real-time second working parameter of the heat pump; Step S2, extract the first parameter, import the first parameter into the environmental radiation fluctuation calculation model, calculate the radiation fluctuation value in the working environment, and judge the existence of delay adjustment based on the radiation fluctuation value in the working environment; Step S3, extract the second working parameter, import the second working parameter into the heat pump stability value calculation formula, calculate the heat pump stability value, and judge whether the heat pump stability is qualified; Step S4, judge whether heat oscillation exists through Step S2 and Step S3. If yes, enter Step S5; otherwise, enter S6; Step S5, repeatedly execute the above Step S1 to Step S4; Step S6, obtain the third parameter during heat oscillation, import the third parameter into the heat oscillation severity calculation formula, calculate the heat oscillation severity, and judge the stability of the hot water based on the heat oscillation severity; In Step S1, the first parameter includes the solar radiation intensity fluctuation frequency range parameter, solar radiation intensity fluctuation amplitude range parameter, and environmental temperature change range parameter in the working environment; the second working parameter includes the heat pump heating capacity, heat pump performance coefficient, and photovoltaic cell photoelectric conversion efficiency; In Step S6, the third parameter includes the superheat fluctuation amplitude range parameter, superheat fluctuation frequency range parameter, and real-time deviation value between the preset superheat and the actual superheat; The direct-drive dual-source heat pump water heating system based on the coupled photovoltaic technology mainly consists of two subsystems, namely the outdoor dual-source heat pump subsystem and the solar photovoltaic electronic system on the roof. Among them, the outdoor dual-source heat pump subsystem consists of a coupled photovoltaic collector, a plate heat exchanger, a compressor, a shell-and-tube condenser, an electronic expansion valve, an air-cooled heat exchanger, and a heat preservation water tank, while the roof solar photovoltaic electronic system consists of six photovoltaic modules, a photovoltaic controller with a maximum power point tracking function, and an inverter.

2. The method for improving the quality of photothermal hot water coupled with photovoltaic according to claim 1, wherein In Step S2, the specific steps for judging the existence of delay adjustment based on the radiation fluctuation value in the working environment are as follows: Step S21, extract the solar radiation intensity fluctuation frequency range parameter, solar radiation intensity fluctuation amplitude range parameter, and environmental temperature change range parameter in the working environment from the first parameter, import the solar radiation intensity fluctuation frequency range parameter, solar radiation intensity fluctuation amplitude range parameter, and environmental temperature change range parameter in the working environment into the environmental radiation fluctuation calculation model, and calculate the radiation fluctuation value in the working environment. The formula of the environmental radiation fluctuation calculation model is: ； Wherein: is the radiation fluctuation value in the working environment, is the time the environmental temperature change range parameter at time is the maximum value of the environmental temperature change range parameters in the working environment, is the minimum value of the environmental temperature change range parameters in the working environment, is the maximum value of the solar radiation intensity fluctuation frequency range parameters in the working environment, is the minimum value of the solar radiation intensity fluctuation frequency range parameters in the working environment, is the time the solar radiation intensity fluctuation frequency range parameter at time is the maximum value of the solar radiation intensity fluctuation amplitude range parameters in the working environment, is the minimum value of the solar radiation intensity fluctuation amplitude range parameters in the working environment, is the time the solar radiation intensity fluctuation amplitude range parameter at time is the time ; Step S22, compare the radiation fluctuation value in the working environment with the preset radiation fluctuation threshold. If the radiation fluctuation value in the working environment is greater than or equal to the preset radiation fluctuation threshold, there is delay adjustment; If the radiation fluctuation value in the working environment is less than the preset radiation fluctuation threshold, there is no delay adjustment.

3. The method for improving the quality of photothermal hot water coupled with photovoltaic according to claim 1, wherein, In Step S3, the specific steps for judging whether the heat pump stability is qualified are as follows: Step S31: Extract the heat output of the heat pump, the coefficient of performance of the heat pump, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic cell from the second operating parameter, and import the heat output of the heat pump, the coefficient of performance of the heat pump, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic cell into the heat pump stability value calculation formula to calculate the heat pump stability value. The heat pump stability value calculation formula is as follows: ； Wherein: is the heat pump stability value, is the time at which the photovoltaic cell photoelectric conversion efficiency is, is the time at which the heat pump heating capacity is, is the time at which the heat pump heating capacity is, is the time at which the heat pump coefficient of performance is, is the time at which the heat pump coefficient of performance is, is the set of working times in the working environment; Step S32: Compare the heat pump stability value with the preset heat pump stability threshold. If the heat pump stability value is greater than or equal to the preset heat pump stability threshold, the heat pump stability is qualified; if the heat pump stability value is less than the preset heat pump stability threshold, the heat pump stability is unqualified.

4. A method for improving the quality of photothermal hot water coupled with photovoltaic according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S6, by obtaining the superheat fluctuation amplitude range parameter and the superheat fluctuation frequency range parameter in the third parameter during heat oscillation, and the real-time deviation value between the preset superheat and the actual superheat, import the superheat fluctuation amplitude range parameter, the superheat fluctuation frequency range parameter, and the real-time deviation value between the preset superheat and the actual superheat into the heat oscillation severity calculation formula to calculate the heat oscillation severity. The heat oscillation severity calculation formula is as follows: ； ； Wherein: is the severity of heat oscillation, is the moment the maximum value of the superheat fluctuation amplitude range parameter at time is the moment the maximum value of the superheat fluctuation amplitude range parameter at time is the moment the minimum value of the superheat fluctuation amplitude range parameter at time is the moment the minimum value of the superheat fluctuation amplitude range parameter at time is the moment the maximum value of the superheat fluctuation frequency range parameter at time is the moment the maximum value of the superheat fluctuation frequency range parameter at time is the moment the minimum value of the superheat fluctuation frequency range parameter at time is the moment the minimum value of the superheat fluctuation frequency range parameter at time is the real-time deviation value between the preset superheat and the actual superheat, is the preset superheat, is the moment the actual superheat at time

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