An optimization control method for new energy stations participating in provincial and local coordinated reactive power regulation

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for optimizing and controlling the participation of new energy stations in provincial and local coordinated reactive regulation, comprising the following steps: constructing an increaseable reactive set and a decreaseable reactive set of substations and new energy stations; a provincial automatic voltage control system performs optimization calculation processing based on the increaseable reactive set and the decreaseable reactive set of substations and new energy stations transmitted by a local automatic voltage control subsystem, and generates a provincial reactive regulation instruction; a local automatic voltage control subsystem performs reactive optimization calculation processing based on the provincial reactive regulation instruction transmitted by the provincial automatic voltage control system and generates a local regulation instruction; the local automatic voltage control subsystem transmits the local regulation instruction to all new energy stations and substations in the corresponding gateway for reactive regulation; the method realizes effective utilization of the reactive regulation capability of the new energy stations, meets the reactive control requirements of the provincial and local coordinated gateway, ensures the reactive power balance of the gateway on the spot, and improves the safety and economy of the power grid operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of reactive power regulation technology, and in particular to a method for optimizing and controlling reactive power regulation in which a new energy station participates in provincial and local coordinated reactive power regulation. Background Art

[0002] Currently, with the large number of new energy sites (including photovoltaic power stations, wind farms, and energy storage stations) connected to the power grid through regional grid substations, the reactive power fluctuations at the provincial and local coordination points in the power grid are becoming increasingly significant. Traditional automatic voltage control provincial and local coordination control schemes only consider the reactive power equipment within the regional grid substations to participate in provincial and local coordination control. Due to the large reactive power fluctuations of new energy sites connected to the regional grid, the reactive power equipment within the regional grid substations frequently operates to meet the reactive power control requirements of the provincial and local coordination points, and the regulation capacity of the new energy sites is not fully utilized. Traditional reactive power voltage control systems cannot meet the requirements of the provincial and local coordination control of new energy sites connected to the regional grid.

[0003] Therefore, with the rapid construction of power grid scale and the widespread application of power grid automatic voltage control systems, there is an urgent need to solve the problem of frequent operation of reactive equipment in substations when substations in areas with new energy grid connection participate in provincial and local coordination, so as to ensure the safety and economy of power grid operation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a method for optimizing and controlling the coordinated reactive power regulation of new energy stations in provinces and regions. By constructing an increaseable reactive power set and a decreaseable reactive power set and performing optimized calculation processing, reactive power regulation instructions are generated to perform reactive power regulation, thereby reducing the number of frequent actions of reactive equipment and greatly improving the safety of power grid operation.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for optimizing and controlling a new energy station participating in provincial and local coordinated reactive power regulation, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S101, the local automatic voltage control subsystem collects the reactive power data information that can be increased and the reactive power data information that can be reduced of all substations and new energy stations within the provincial and local coordination gateway, and constructs the reactive power set that can be increased and the reactive power set that can be reduced of the substations and new energy stations;

[0008] S102, the provincial automatic voltage control system performs optimization calculation processing based on the reactive power set that can be increased and the reactive power set that can be decreased of the substation and the new energy station transmitted by the local automatic voltage control subsystem, and generates a reactive power adjustment instruction for the provincial automatic voltage control system;

[0009] S103, the local automatic voltage control subsystem performs reactive power optimization calculation processing based on the provincial reactive power regulation instruction transmitted by the provincial automatic voltage control system and generates a local automatic voltage regulation instruction;

[0010] S104. The ground-based automatic voltage control subsystem transmits the ground-based adjustment instruction to all new energy stations and substations within the corresponding gateway to perform reactive power adjustment.

[0011] Furthermore, the local automatic voltage control subsystem collects the reactive power data information that can be increased and the reactive power data information that can be reduced of all substations and new energy stations within the provincial and local coordination gateway, and constructs the reactive power set that can be increased and the reactive power set that can be reduced of the substations and new energy stations, including the following steps:

[0012] Based on the reactive power data information of the substation, a reactive power set that can be increased is constructed; based on the reactive power data information of the substation, a reactive power set that can be reduced is constructed;

[0013] Based on the reactive power data information of the renewable energy stations, a reactive power set of renewable energy stations that can be increased is constructed; based on the reactive power data information of the renewable energy stations, a reactive power set of renewable energy stations that can be reduced is constructed;

[0014] Based on the addable reactive power set of substations and the addable reactive power set of new energy stations, a total addable reactive power set of provincial and local coordination gateways is constructed;

[0015] Based on the substation reducible reactive power set and the new energy station reducible reactive power set, the total reducible reactive power set of the provincial and local coordination gateway is constructed.

[0016] Furthermore, based on the substation addable reactive power set and the new energy station addable reactive power set, constructing the provincial and local coordination gateway total addable reactive power set includes the following steps:

[0017] Based on the main transformer gateway set, the substations are traversed, and the reactive power that can be added to the substation to which the gateway belongs is accumulated to the reactive power set that can be added to the substation to which the gateway belongs; based on the main transformer gateway set, the new energy stations are traversed, and the reactive power that can be added to the new energy stations to which the gateway belongs is accumulated to the reactive power set that can be added to the new energy stations to which the gateway belongs; the reactive power set that can be added to the substation to which the gateway belongs and the reactive power set that can be added to the new energy stations to which the gateway belongs are added and calculated to obtain the total reactive power set that can be added to the gateway.

[0018] Furthermore, based on the substation reducible reactive power set and the new energy station reducible reactive power set, constructing the provincial and local coordination gateway total reducible reactive power set includes the following steps:

[0019] Based on the main transformer gateway set, the substations are traversed, and the subtractable reactive power of the substations to which the gateway belongs is added to the subtractable reactive power set of the substations to which the gateway belongs; based on the main transformer gateway set, the new energy stations are traversed, and the subtractable reactive power of the new energy stations to which the gateway belongs is added to the subtractable reactive power set of the new energy stations to which the gateway belongs; the subtractable reactive power set of the substations to which the gateway belongs and the subtractable reactive power set of the new energy stations to which the gateway belongs are added and calculated to obtain the total subtractable reactive power set of the gateway.

[0020] Furthermore, the local automatic voltage control subsystem performs reactive power optimization calculation processing based on the provincial reactive power regulation instruction transmitted by the provincial automatic voltage control system and generates the local regulation instruction, including the following steps:

[0021] The local automatic voltage control subsystem receives the provincial reactive power adjustment command transmitted by the provincial automatic voltage control system and performs reactive power comparison processing;

[0022] When the provincial and local coordination gateway real-time reactive Q p Greater than the lower limit of reactive power issued by the provincial dispatch And it is less than the reactive power limit issued by the provincial dispatch When the voltage of the central busbar in the provincial and local coordination gateway area is used as the optimization target, the reactive power output on the low-voltage side of the new energy station is optimized and calculated. The expression is as follows:

[0023]

[0024] Where ΔQ g Indicates the regulation amount for controlling the reactive output on the low-voltage side of the new energy station, Q g 、 and Respectively represent the current reactive power, reactive lower limit and reactive upper limit of the new energy station, V p and Respectively represent the current voltage and set voltage of the regional central bus, Θ g Represents the reactive margin vector, W p Represents the central bus voltage regulation weight, W q Indicates the reactive power balance adjustment weight of the unit, a indicates the per-unit conversion coefficient. In general, W p =1,W q =0.01.

[0025] When the provincial and local coordination gateway real-time reactive Q p Less than or equal to the lower limit of reactive power issued by the provincial dispatch Or provincial and local coordinated gateway real-time reactive Q p Greater than or equal to the reactive power limit issued by the provincial dispatch When the reactive power output of the low-voltage side of the new energy station is optimized, the reactive power output is calculated based on the central bus voltage and the reactive power of the provincial and local coordination gateway area. The expression is as follows:

[0026]

[0027] Where ΔQ p In order to save the reactive power regulation of the coordinated gateway, Q p Indicates that the provincial and local coordination checkpoints are reactive in real time, It indicates the reactive power limit of the checkpoint issued by the provincial dispatch. Indicates the lower limit of reactive power issued by the provincial dispatching station, ΔQ g Indicates the regulation amount for controlling the reactive output on the low-voltage side of the new energy station, Θ g Represents the reactive margin vector, V p and Respectively represent the current voltage and set voltage of the regional central bus, W c Represents the target adjustment weight of reactive power at the checkpoint, W p Represents the central bus voltage regulation weight, W q Indicates the reactive power balance adjustment weight of the unit, a indicates the per-unit conversion coefficient. In general, W c =1,W p =1,W q =0.01.

[0028] Generate ground regulation instructions based on reactive power optimization calculation results.

[0029] Furthermore, based on the sensitivity matrix of the regional central bus voltage, the reactive power sensitivity matrix of the new energy regional gateway, the reactive power sensitivity matrix of the high-voltage side bus voltage of the new energy station, and the regulation amount of the reactive power output on the low-voltage side of the new energy station, a constraint library of the reactive power optimization model is constructed. The expression of the constraint library of the reactive power optimization model is as follows:

[0030]

[0031] Among them, Q g 、 and Respectively represent the current reactive power, reactive lower limit and reactive upper limit of the new energy station, V p 、 and Respectively represent the current voltage, planned lower limit and planned upper limit of the regional central busbar, V H 、 and They represent the current voltage, voltage lower limit, voltage upper limit and maximum allowable single-step adjustment of the high-voltage side busbar of the new energy station, respectively. p 、 and They represent the current value, lower limit and upper limit of reactive power in the new energy region respectively. and It is issued in real time by the provincial automatic voltage control system, reflecting the demand for reactive power adjustment in the new energy gathering area.

[0032] Furthermore, based on the current voltage adjustment of the regional central bus and the sensitivity matrix of the regional central bus voltage, as well as the reactive adjustment of the new energy regional gateway and the gateway reactive sensitivity matrix, the total reactive output adjustment on the low-voltage side of the power plant is determined; based on the reactive sensitivity matrix of the high-voltage side bus voltage of the new energy station and the total reactive output adjustment on the low-voltage side of the power plant, the current voltage adjustment of the high-voltage side bus is determined.

[0033] Furthermore, the ground-based automatic voltage control subsystem transmits ground-based adjustment instructions to all new energy stations and substations within the gateway, and performs reactive power adjustment, including the following steps:

[0034] The local automatic voltage control subsystem transmits the adjustment instructions of the new energy station to the new energy station within the gateway, traverses all provincial and local coordination gateways, calculates the reactive power that needs to be adjusted by the new energy station, and when the reactive power that can be increased or decreased by the new energy station is greater than the adjustment threshold, adjusts the corresponding reactive equipment in the new energy station for reactive power adjustment;

[0035] The local automatic voltage control subsystem transmits the substation adjustment instruction to the substation, traverses all provincial and local coordination checkpoints, calculates the reactive power that needs to be adjusted in the substation, and adjusts the corresponding reactive equipment for reactive power regulation.

[0036] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: by constructing an increaseable reactive power set and a decreaseable reactive power set and performing optimized calculation processing, reactive power regulation instructions are generated to perform reactive power regulation, thereby reducing the number of reactive equipment actions in the substation and greatly improving the safety of power grid operation.

[0037] By incorporating the reactive power regulation capabilities of renewable energy stations into provincial and local coordinated control, the reactive power stability margin of the power system is improved. When the reactive power regulation capabilities of renewable energy stations at the gateway are relatively large, they are prioritized to meet the requirements of provincial and local coordinated control, reducing the number of reactive power equipment operations within the substation. When the reactive power regulation capabilities of renewable energy stations at the gateway are relatively small, the reactive power equipment within the substation is adjusted to meet the requirements of provincial and local coordinated control. This significantly ensures the hierarchical and regional local balance of reactive power at the provincial and local coordinated gateway, guaranteeing the safety and economic efficiency of power grid operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the steps of a method for optimizing control of a new energy station participating in provincial and local coordinated reactive power regulation according to the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the topological structure of the new energy stations participating in provincial and local coordination in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0042] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention through specific examples. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] Example 1:

[0044] A method for optimizing and controlling a new energy station's participation in provincial and local coordinated reactive power regulation includes the following steps:

[0045] S101, the local automatic voltage control subsystem collects the reactive power data information that can be increased and the reactive power data information that can be reduced of all substations and new energy stations within the provincial and local coordination gateway, and constructs the reactive power set that can be increased and the reactive power set that can be reduced of the substations and new energy stations;

[0046] The local automatic voltage control subsystem collects the reactive power data information that can be increased and the reactive power data information that can be reduced from all substations and new energy stations within the provincial and local coordination gateway, and constructs the reactive power set that can be increased and the reactive power set that can be reduced from substations and new energy stations. The following steps are included:

[0047] Based on the reactive power data information of the substation, a reactive power set that can be increased is constructed; based on the reactive power data information of the substation, a reactive power set that can be reduced is constructed;

[0048] Based on the reactive power data information of the renewable energy stations, a reactive power set of renewable energy stations that can be increased is constructed; based on the reactive power data information of the renewable energy stations, a reactive power set of renewable energy stations that can be reduced is constructed;

[0049] Based on the addable reactive power set of substations and the addable reactive power set of new energy stations, a total addable reactive power set of provincial and local coordination gateways is constructed;

[0050] Based on the substation reducible reactive power set and the new energy station reducible reactive power set, the total reducible reactive power set of the provincial and local coordination gateway is constructed.

[0051] According to all the substation main transformer gateways participating in the provincial and local coordinated control in the regional power grid, a main transformer gateway set B participating in the provincial and local coordinated control is constructed. i}, B i For the i-th main transformer junction participating in the provincial coordinated control, a new energy station set C = {C1, C2, C3...C j}, C j For the jth new energy station, construct D={D1, D2, D3...D k}, D k is the kth substation.

[0052] Based on the unit time collection cycle, the current reactive power data information of all new energy stations is obtained, and the reactive power set Q of new energy stations is constructed according to the reactive power data information of new energy stations. C ninc ={Q C1 ninc , Q C2 ninc , Q C3 ninc ...Q Cj ninc}, Q Cj ninc is the current reactive power value that can be increased by the j-th new energy station; based on the unit time acquisition cycle, the current reactive power data information that can be reduced by all new energy stations is obtained, and the reactive power set Q that can be reduced by the new energy station is constructed according to the reactive power data information that can be reduced by the new energy station C ndec ={Q C1 ndec , Q C2 ndec , Q C3 ndec ...Q Cj ndec}, Q Cjndec is the current subtractable reactive power value of the j-th new energy station.

[0053] Based on the unit time acquisition cycle, the current reactive power data information of all substations can be obtained, and the reactive power set Q of substations can be constructed according to the reactive power data information of substations. D tinc ={Q D1 tinc , Q D2 tinc , Q D3 tinc ...Q Dk tinc}, Q Dk tinc is the current reactive power value that can be increased by the kth substation; based on the unit time acquisition cycle, the current reactive power data information that can be reduced by all substations is obtained, and the reactive power set Q of the substations that can be reduced is constructed according to the reactive power data information of the substations D tdec ={Q D1 tdec , Q D2 tdec , Q D3 tdec ...Q Dk tdec}, Q Dk tdec is the current subtractable reactive power value of the k-th substation.

[0054] Based on the addable reactive power set of substations and the addable reactive power set of new energy stations, the construction of the total addable reactive power set of provincial and local coordination gateways includes the following steps:

[0055] Based on the main transformer gateway set, the substations are traversed, and the reactive power that can be added to the substation to which the gateway belongs is accumulated to the reactive power set that can be added to the substation to which the gateway belongs; based on the main transformer gateway set, the new energy stations are traversed, and the reactive power that can be added to the new energy stations to which the gateway belongs is accumulated to the reactive power set that can be added to the new energy stations to which the gateway belongs; the reactive power set that can be added to the substation to which the gateway belongs and the reactive power set that can be added to the new energy stations to which the gateway belongs are added and calculated to obtain the total reactive power set that can be added to the gateway.

[0056] Based on the substation reducible reactive power set and the new energy station reducible reactive power set, the construction of the provincial and local coordination gateway total reducible reactive power set includes the following steps:

[0057] Based on the main transformer gateway set, the substations are traversed, and the subtractable reactive power of the substations to which the gateway belongs is added to the subtractable reactive power set of the substations to which the gateway belongs; based on the main transformer gateway set, the new energy stations are traversed, and the subtractable reactive power of the new energy stations to which the gateway belongs is added to the subtractable reactive power set of the new energy stations to which the gateway belongs; the subtractable reactive power set of the substations to which the gateway belongs and the subtractable reactive power set of the new energy stations to which the gateway belongs are added and calculated to obtain the total subtractable reactive power set of the gateway.

[0058] According to the main transformer gateway set B, traverse the new energy station j. When the new energy station j belongs to gateway i, the increaseable reactive power of the new energy station j is accumulated to the increaseable reactive power Q of the new energy station at gateway i. Bi ninc In the process, the gateway's new energy station can increase the reactive power set Q B ninc ={Q B1 ninc , Q B2 ninc , Q B3 ninc ...Q Bi ninc}, Q Bi ninc The total reactive power value of the renewable energy station j at the gateway i is added to the total reactive power value of the renewable energy station j at the gateway i. Bi ndec and form the reactive power set Q that can be reduced by the new energy station B ndec ={Q B1 ndec , Q B2 ndec , Q B3 ndec ...Q Bi ndec},Q Bi ndec is the total subtractable reactive power value of the new energy electric station belonging to the i-th gateway.

[0059] According to the main transformer gateway set B, traverse substation k. When substation k belongs to main transformer gateway i, the increaseable reactive power of substation k is accumulated to the total increaseable reactive power Q of the substation at main transformer gateway i. Bi tinc In the process, the gateway substation can increase the reactive power set Q B tinc ={Q B1 tinc , Q B2 tinc , Q B3 tinc ...Q Bitinc}, Q Bi tinc The total reactive power value of the substation belonging to the ith gateway is added. The subtractive reactive power of substation k is added to the total subtractive reactive power Q of the substation at the main transformer gateway. Bi tdec and form the reactive power set Q that can be reduced by the gateway substation B tdec ={Q B1 tdec , Q B2 tdec , Q B3 tdec ...Q Bi tdec}, Q Bi tdec is the total subtractable reactive power value of the substation belonging to the i-th gateway.

[0060] Traverse the gateway i and increase the reactive power Q of the new energy station at gateway i Bi ninc And the substation can increase reactive power Q Bi tinc Added to the gate i can increase the reactive power Q Bi inc , and form the total increaseable reactive power set Q B inc ={Q B1 inc , Q B2 inc , Q B3 inc ...Q Bi inc}, Q Bi inc The total reactive power value that can be increased at the i-th checkpoint is Q Bi ndec and substation can reduce reactive power Q Bi tdec Added to the main transformer junction i can reduce the reactive power Q Bi dec , and form the total reducible reactive power set Q B dec ={Q B1 dec , Q B2 dec , Q B3 dec ...Q Bi dec}, Q Bi dec is the total subtractable reactive power value at the i-th checkpoint.

[0061] S102, the provincial automatic voltage control system performs optimization calculation processing based on the reactive power set that can be increased and the reactive power set that can be decreased of the substation and the new energy station transmitted by the local automatic voltage control subsystem, and generates a reactive power adjustment instruction for the provincial automatic voltage control system;

[0062] The local automatic voltage control subsystem transmits the increaseable reactive power set and the decreaseable reactive power set of the substation and the new energy station to the provincial automatic voltage control system. The provincial automatic voltage control system receives the increaseable reactive power set and the decreaseable reactive power set of the substation and the new energy station transmitted by the local automatic voltage control subsystem. The total increaseable reactive power set of the provincial-local coordination gateway is constructed based on the increaseable reactive power set of the substation and the increaseable reactive power set of the new energy station. The total decreaseable reactive power set of the provincial-local coordination gateway is constructed based on the decreaseable reactive power set of the substation and the decreaseable reactive power set of the new energy station.

[0063] The provincial automatic voltage control system performs reactive power optimization calculation based on the reactive power set that can be increased and the reactive power set that can be decreased of the substation and the new energy station transmitted by the local automatic voltage control subsystem, and generates a provincial reactive power adjustment instruction, including the following steps:

[0064] Perform reactive optimization calculations on the reactive power sets that can be increased and reduced for substations and new energy stations transmitted by the ground-controlled automatic voltage control subsystem to obtain the upper and lower limits of reactive power at the gateway.

[0065] Generate provincial reactive power regulation instructions based on the reactive power optimization calculation results.

[0066] Generating a provincial reactive power regulation instruction based on the reactive power optimization calculation results includes the following steps:

[0067] When the reactive power on the provincial dispatching side is less than the lower limit of the reactive power at the gate and the gate voltage is too high or too low, the voltage coordination control strategy is selected to generate a reactive power regulation instruction for the provincial dispatching side. Reactive power is regulated based on the reactive power regulation instruction to control the voltage range.

[0068] When there is a lot of reactive power exchange at the main transformer junction, the reactive power coordination control strategy is selected to generate the provincial reactive power regulation command. Based on the provincial reactive power regulation command, reactive power regulation is performed to control the reactive power range of each region.

[0069] When the voltage range and reactive power range are reasonable, the global reactive power optimization strategy is selected to generate provincial reactive power regulation instructions, and the reactive power exchange at the gateway is optimized based on the provincial reactive power regulation instructions to reduce network losses.

[0070] S103, the local automatic voltage control subsystem performs reactive power optimization calculation processing based on the provincial reactive power regulation instruction transmitted by the provincial automatic voltage control system and generates a local automatic voltage regulation instruction;

[0071] The provincial automatic voltage control system transmits the provincial reactive power regulation instruction to the local automatic voltage control subsystem, and the local automatic voltage control subsystem receives the provincial reactive power regulation instruction transmitted by the provincial automatic voltage control system. The local automatic voltage control subsystem performs reactive power optimization calculation processing based on the provincial reactive power regulation instruction transmitted by the provincial automatic voltage control system and generates the local automatic voltage control instruction, including the following steps:

[0072] The local automatic voltage control subsystem receives the provincial reactive power adjustment command transmitted by the provincial automatic voltage control system and performs reactive power comparison processing;

[0073] When the provincial and local coordination gateway real-time reactive Q p Greater than the lower limit of reactive power issued by the provincial dispatch And it is less than the reactive power limit issued by the provincial dispatch When the voltage of the central busbar in the provincial and local coordination gateway area is used as the optimization target, the reactive power output on the low-voltage side of the new energy station is optimized and calculated. The expression is as follows:

[0074]

[0075]

[0076] Where ΔQ g Indicates the regulation amount for controlling the reactive output on the low-voltage side of the new energy station, Q g 、 and Respectively represent the current reactive power, reactive lower limit and reactive upper limit of the new energy station, V p and Respectively represent the current voltage and set voltage of the regional central bus, Θ g Represents the reactive margin vector, W p Represents the central bus voltage regulation weight, W q It represents the reactive output balancing adjustment weight of the unit, and a represents the per-unit value conversion coefficient.

[0077] When the provincial and local coordination gateway real-time reactive Q p Less than or equal to the lower limit of reactive power issued by the provincial dispatch Or provincial and local coordinated gateway real-time reactive Q p Greater than or equal to the reactive power limit issued by the provincial dispatch When the reactive power output of the low-voltage side of the new energy station is optimized, the reactive power output is calculated based on the central bus voltage and the reactive power of the provincial and local coordination gateway area. The expression is as follows:

[0078]

[0079]

[0080] Where ΔQ p In order to save the reactive power regulation of the coordinated gateway, Q p Indicates that the provincial and local coordination checkpoints are reactive in real time, It indicates the reactive power limit of the checkpoint issued by the provincial dispatch. Indicates the lower limit of reactive power issued by the provincial dispatching station, ΔQ g Indicates the regulation amount for controlling the reactive output on the low-voltage side of the new energy station, Θ g Represents the reactive margin vector, V p and Respectively represent the current voltage and set voltage of the regional central bus, W c Represents the reactive power target adjustment weight, W p Represents the central bus voltage regulation weight, W q It represents the reactive output balancing adjustment weight of the unit, and a represents the per-unit value conversion coefficient.

[0081] Generate ground regulation instructions based on reactive power optimization calculation results.

[0082] Based on the sensitivity matrix of the regional central bus voltage, the reactive power sensitivity matrix of the new energy regional gateway, the reactive power sensitivity matrix of the high-voltage side bus voltage of the new energy station, and the regulation amount of the reactive output on the low-voltage side of the new energy station, the constraint library of the reactive power optimization model is constructed. The expression of the constraint library of the reactive power optimization model is as follows:

[0083]

[0084] Among them, Q g 、 and Respectively represent the current reactive power, reactive lower limit and reactive upper limit of the new energy station, V p 、 and Respectively represent the current voltage, planned lower limit and planned upper limit of the regional central busbar, V H 、 and They represent the current voltage, voltage lower limit, voltage upper limit and maximum allowable single-step adjustment of the high-voltage side busbar of the new energy station, respectively. p 、 and They represent the current value, lower limit and upper limit of reactive power in the new energy region respectively. and It is issued in real time by the provincial automatic voltage control system, reflecting the demand for reactive power adjustment in the new energy gathering area.

[0085] Based on the current voltage adjustment of the regional central bus and the sensitivity matrix of the regional central bus voltage, as well as the reactive adjustment of the new energy regional gateway and the gateway reactive sensitivity matrix, the total reactive output adjustment on the low-voltage side of the power plant is determined; based on the reactive sensitivity matrix of the high-voltage side bus voltage of the new energy station and the total reactive output adjustment on the low-voltage side of the power plant, the current voltage adjustment of the high-voltage side bus is determined.

[0086] ΔV p =C pg ΔQ g

[0087] ΔQ p =C qg ΔQ g

[0088] ΔV H =C vg ΔQ g

[0089] Among them, C pg C represents the sensitivity of the impact of reactive power injection from the low-voltage side of the new energy station on the regional central bus voltage; qg C represents the sensitivity of reactive power injection from the low-voltage side of the new energy station to the reactive power of the new energy regional gateway; vg V represents the sensitivity of reactive power injection from the low-voltage side of the new energy station to the reactive power of the high-voltage side bus voltage of each new energy station. p Indicates the current voltage of the regional central bus, Q p Indicates the current total reactive power flowing into the new energy area at the new energy area gateway, Q g Indicates the reactive power on the low-voltage side of the new energy station in the control area, ΔQ g Indicates the total reactive output adjustment on the low-voltage side of the power plant.

[0090] It should be noted that the ground-adjusted automatic voltage control subsystem calculates the total reactive power that can be increased or decreased by the renewable energy station at the gateway i. When the total reactive power that can be increased by the renewable energy station is Q Bi ninc Greater than the reactive power adjustment threshold that can be increased, or the total reactive power that can be reduced by the new energy station Q Bi ndec When the reactive power is greater than the threshold value of the reducible reactive power regulation, the local automatic voltage control subsystem calculates the control strategy of the new energy station under the gate i, and then calculates the control strategy of the new energy station under the next gate until all gate calculations are completed. The local automatic voltage control subsystem issues an adjustment instruction to the new energy station to ensure that the reactive power of the gate is within the required range issued by the provincial dispatch. By performing reactive optimization calculation on the reactive output of the low-voltage side of the new energy station, the central bus voltage in the gate area is equal to the set voltage value. This can ensure that the reactive power margin of the new energy station is increased on the one hand, and on the other hand, it can promote the development of each new energy station towards a more balanced reactive power output. g The goal is to increase the reactive power margin of new energy stations in the region and make the reactive power output of each new energy station more balanced.

[0091] In order to prevent the control operation from causing excessive fluctuations in the power grid, there are strict restrictions on the control step size in each step of control. To achieve this, its physical meaning is to control the V H The adjustment amount must be less than the maximum allowable single-step adjustment amount By V H and V p The relevant constraints ensure that the control will not cause V H and V p For other important bus voltages, similar constraints can be added to them. and The constraint ensures that the reactive power exchange between the new energy area and the upper substation after control is within the range required by the provincial dispatching. By using the active set method to solve this quadratic programming problem, we get ΔQ g Then the sensitivity matrix is ​​used to convert it into the adjustment value ΔV of the high-voltage side bus voltage setting value of the power plant H , which is issued as a control strategy.

[0092] S104: The ground-based automatic voltage control subsystem transmits ground-based adjustment instructions to all new energy stations and substations within the gateway to perform reactive power regulation.

[0093] The local automatic voltage control subsystem performs reactive power optimization calculations and generates local regulation instructions based on the provincial reactive power regulation instructions transmitted by the provincial automatic voltage control system. The local automatic voltage control subsystem transmits the local regulation instructions to all new energy stations and substations within the corresponding gateway. The local regulation instructions include new energy station regulation instructions and substation regulation instructions.

[0094] The ground-based automatic voltage control subsystem transmits ground-based adjustment instructions to all new energy stations and substations within its gateway. The reactive power adjustment includes the following steps:

[0095] The local automatic voltage control subsystem transmits the adjustment instructions of the new energy station to the new energy station within the gateway, traverses all provincial and local coordination gateways, calculates the reactive power that needs to be adjusted at the new energy station, and when the reactive power that can be increased or decreased by the new energy station is greater than the adjustment threshold, adjusts the corresponding reactive equipment in the new energy station for reactive power adjustment;

[0096] The local automatic voltage control subsystem transmits the substation adjustment instruction to the substation, traverses all provincial and local coordination checkpoints, calculates the reactive power that needs to be adjusted in the substation, and adjusts the corresponding reactive equipment to perform reactive power adjustment to control the reactive power of the substation within the reactive power requirement range issued by the provincial dispatch.

[0097] Take the new energy stations and substations at the provincial and local coordination points as an example, as follows:

[0098] The first provincial and local coordination checkpoint B1 includes three new energy stations C1, C2, and C3, forming a collection C B1 =|C1 C2 C3|, including three substations D1, D2, and D3, forming a set D B1 =|D1 D2 D3|, the reactive power regulation capability is shown in Table 1:

[0099] Table 1 - Reactive power regulation capabilities of new energy stations and substations at Gateway B1

[0100] Plant Station Increased reactive power (unit: MVar) Reducible reactive power (unit: MVar) C1 13.5 13.5 C2 19.7 17.5 C3 20.2 22.2 D1 4.4 3.4 D2 3.8 1.9 D3 0 3.9

[0101] As shown in Table 1:

[0102] The new energy station in the gateway B1 can increase the reactive power set to Q C ninc =|13.5 19.7 20.2|, the reactive power that can be reduced by the new energy station in the gateway B1 is Q C ndec =|13.5 17.5 22.2|, the reactive power that can be added by the substation in gateway B1 is Q D tinc =|4.4 3.8 0|, the reactive power that can be reduced by the substation in gateway B1 is Q D tdec =|3.4 1.9 3.9|, the total reactive power that can be added by the new energy station at gateway B1 is Q B1 ninc =53.4, the total reactive power reduction of the new energy station at gateway B1 is Q B1 ndec =53.2, the total reactive power that can be added by the substation at gateway B1 is Q B1 tinc =8.2, the total reactive power that can be reduced by the substation at gateway B1 is Q B1 tdec =9.2, the total reactive power that can be added at gate B1 is Q B1 inc =61.6, the total reactive power that can be reduced at B1 is Q B1 dec =62.4.

[0103] The total increaseable reactive power Q of gate B1 B1inc and the total reducible reactive power Q B1 dec Send to the provincial AVC system through the provincial and local coordination channel;

[0104] The provincial automatic voltage control system sends the upper and lower limits of the power factor of gateway B1 to the local automatic voltage control subsystem. The upper limit of the power factor is (1.01) and the lower limit of the power factor is (0.98).

[0105] The local automatic voltage control subsystem calculates the reactive power range of gateway B1 according to the superior instructions: the current active power of gateway B1 is 29.60Mvar and the reactive power is 6.03MVar. According to the power factor range issued by the provincial dispatch, the reactive power limit is calculated to be 20.92~37.32MVar, so gateway B1 needs to increase the reactive power by 14.9MVar.

[0106] The threshold for increasing or decreasing reactive power regulation of the new energy station at the gateway is set to 10MVar. The reactive power reduction of the new energy station in gateway B1 is 53.2MVar, which is greater than 10MVar. The reactive power output of the new energy station is adjusted to meet the provincial and local coordinated control requirements of gateway B1. Since the reactive power of the gateway needs to be increased, the reactive power output of the new energy power plant needs to be reduced, and the central bus voltage needs to be lowered. The central bus voltage is adjusted. The current voltage is 231.59kV and the target voltage is 231.00kV. The wind farm reactive power and voltage regulation are calculated according to the reactive power optimization model:

[0107] The reactive power adjustment for generator #1 at new energy station C1 is -2.16 MVar. The current reactive power is -0.70 MVar, and the adjusted reactive power is -2.86 MVar. The reactive power adjustment for generator #1 at new energy station C1 is -2.16 MVar. The current reactive power is -1.63 MVar, and the adjusted reactive power is -3.79 MVar. The reactive power adjustment for the generator at new energy station C2 is -2.27 MVar. The current reactive power is 1.84 MVar, and the adjusted reactive power is -0.43 MVar. The reactive power adjustment for generator #1 at new energy station C2 is -2.27 MVar. The current reactive power is -0.47 MVar, and the adjusted reactive power is -2.74 MVar. The reactive power adjustment for the generator at new energy station C3 is -3.02 MVar. The current reactive power is 1.24 MVar, and the adjusted reactive power is -1.78 MVar. The reactive power adjustment of #1SVG at New Energy Station C3 is -3.02 MVar. The current reactive power is 0.99 MVar, and the adjusted reactive power is -2.03 MVar. The current voltage of the control bus at New Energy Station C1 is 114.90 kV, with a voltage adjustment of -0.85 kV. The current voltage of the control bus at New Energy Station C2 is 114.35 kV, with a voltage adjustment of -0.89 kV. The current voltage of the control bus at New Energy Station C3 is 114.78 kV, with a voltage adjustment of -0.96 kV. The current voltage of the central bus is 231.59 kV, with a voltage adjustment of -0.59 kV. The current reactive power at Gateway B1 is 8.30 MVar, with a reactive power adjustment of 14.9 MVar. The set voltage of New Energy Station C1 is 114.05 kV, and the actual voltage is 114.90 kV. The set voltage of new energy station C2 is 113.46kV, and the actual voltage is 114.35kV. The set voltage of new energy station C3 is 113.82kV, and the actual voltage is 114.78kV.

[0108] Calculate the next checkpoint adjustment command in sequence until all checkpoints are calculated. The local AVC system new energy station control cycle T c1 When the bus voltage target value arrives, it is sent to the new energy station; the local AVC system substation control cycle T c2 When the reactive power reaches 0.05, the equipment adjustment instruction is sent to the substation; when the next collection cycle arrives, the reactive power adjustment capability of the gateway is calculated.

[0109] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described systems and units can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0110] The terms "first", "second" and "third" etc. in the specification of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequential order. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can, for example, be implemented in a sequence other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0111] As described above, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing and controlling reactive power regulation in which a new energy station participates in provincial and local coordinated reactive power regulation, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S101, the local automatic voltage control subsystem collects the reactive power data information that can be increased and the reactive power data information that can be reduced of all substations and new energy stations within the provincial and local coordination gateway, and constructs the reactive power set that can be increased and the reactive power set that can be reduced of the substations and new energy stations; S102, the provincial automatic voltage control system performs optimization calculation processing based on the reactive power set that can be increased and the reactive power set that can be decreased of the substation and the new energy station transmitted by the local automatic voltage control subsystem, and generates a reactive power adjustment instruction for the provincial automatic voltage control system; S103, the local automatic voltage control subsystem performs reactive power optimization calculation processing based on the provincial reactive power regulation instruction transmitted by the provincial automatic voltage control system and generates a local automatic voltage regulation instruction; S104. The ground-based automatic voltage control subsystem transmits the ground-based adjustment instruction to all new energy stations and substations within the corresponding gateway to perform reactive power adjustment.

2. The method for optimizing and controlling the participation of new energy stations in provincial and local coordinated reactive power regulation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The local automatic voltage control subsystem collects the reactive power data information that can be increased and the reactive power data information that can be reduced of all substations and new energy stations within the provincial and local coordination gateway, and constructs the reactive power set that can be increased and the reactive power set that can be reduced of the substations and new energy stations, including the following steps: Based on the reactive power data information of the substation, a reactive power set that can be increased is constructed; based on the reactive power data information of the substation, a reactive power set that can be reduced is constructed; Based on the reactive power data information of the renewable energy stations, a reactive power set of renewable energy stations that can be increased is constructed; based on the reactive power data information of the renewable energy stations, a reactive power set of renewable energy stations that can be reduced is constructed; Based on the addable reactive power set of substations and the addable reactive power set of new energy stations, a total addable reactive power set of provincial and local coordination gateways is constructed; Based on the substation reducible reactive power set and the new energy station reducible reactive power set, the total reducible reactive power set of the provincial and local coordination gateway is constructed.

3. The method for optimizing and controlling the participation of new energy stations in provincial and local coordinated reactive power regulation according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The method of constructing the total addable reactive power set of the provincial and local coordination gateway based on the addable reactive power set of the substation and the addable reactive power set of the new energy station includes the following steps: Based on the main transformer gateway set, the substations are traversed, and the increaseable reactive power of the substations to which the gateway belongs is accumulated to the increaseable reactive power set of the substations to which the gateway belongs; based on the main transformer gateway set, the new energy stations are traversed, and the increaseable reactive power of the new energy stations to which the gateway belongs is accumulated to the increaseable reactive power set of the new energy stations to which the gateway belongs; the increaseable reactive power set of the substations to which the gateway belongs and the increaseable reactive power set of the new energy stations to which the gateway belongs are added and calculated to obtain the total increaseable reactive power set of the gateway.

4. The method for optimizing and controlling the participation of new energy stations in provincial and local coordinated reactive power regulation according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The method of constructing the total reducible reactive power set at the provincial and local coordination gateway based on the reducible reactive power set of the substation and the reducible reactive power set of the new energy station includes the following steps: Based on the main transformer gateway set, the substations are traversed, and the subtractable reactive power of the substations to which the gateway belongs is accumulated to the subtractable reactive power set of the substations to which the gateway belongs; based on the main transformer gateway set, the new energy stations are traversed, and the subtractable reactive power of the new energy stations to which the gateway belongs is accumulated to the subtractable reactive power set of the new energy stations to which the gateway belongs; the subtractable reactive power set of the substations to which the gateway belongs and the subtractable reactive power set of the new energy stations to which the gateway belongs are added and calculated to obtain the total subtractable reactive power set of the gateway.

5. The method for optimizing and controlling the participation of new energy stations in provincial and regional coordinated reactive power regulation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The local automatic voltage control subsystem performs reactive power optimization calculation processing based on the provincial reactive power regulation instruction transmitted by the provincial automatic voltage control system and generates the local regulation instruction, including the following steps: The local automatic voltage control subsystem receives the provincial reactive power adjustment command transmitted by the provincial automatic voltage control system and performs reactive power comparison processing; When the real-time reactive power of the provincial-region coordinated gateway is greater than or equal to the upper reactive power limit of the gateway issued by the provincial dispatch, or less than or equal to the lower reactive power limit of the gateway issued by the provincial dispatch, the reactive power optimization calculation processing of the low-voltage side reactive power output of the new energy station is carried out with the central bus voltage of the provincial-region coordinated gateway area and the provincial-region coordinated gateway reactive power as the optimization target; When the real-time reactive power of the provincial-regional coordination gateway is less than the upper reactive power limit of the gateway issued by the provincial dispatch, and the real-time reactive power of the provincial-regional coordination gateway is greater than the lower reactive power limit of the gateway issued by the provincial dispatch, the reactive power optimization calculation of the low-voltage side reactive power output of the new energy station is carried out with the central bus voltage of the provincial-regional coordination gateway area as the optimization target; Generate new energy station adjustment instructions based on the reactive power optimization calculation results.

6. The method for optimizing and controlling the participation of new energy stations in provincial and local coordinated reactive power regulation according to claim 5 is characterized in that: When the real-time reactive power of the provincial-region coordinated gateway is less than the upper reactive power limit of the gateway issued by the provincial dispatching system, and the real-time reactive power of the provincial-region coordinated gateway is greater than the lower reactive power limit of the gateway issued by the provincial dispatching system, the reactive power optimization calculation processing of the low-voltage side reactive power output of the new energy station is performed with the central bus voltage of the provincial-region coordinated gateway area as the optimization target, and the expression is as follows: Where ΔQ g Indicates the regulation amount for controlling the reactive output on the low-voltage side of the new energy station, Q g 、 and Respectively represent the current reactive power, reactive lower limit and reactive upper limit of the new energy station, V p and Respectively represent the current voltage and set voltage of the regional central bus, Θ g Represents the reactive margin vector, W p Represents the central bus voltage regulation weight, W q Indicates the reactive power balance adjustment weight of the unit, a indicates the per-unit conversion coefficient. In general, W p =1,W q =0.

01.

7. The method for optimizing and controlling the participation of new energy stations in provincial and local coordinated reactive power regulation according to claim 5 is characterized in that: When the real-time reactive power of the provincial-region coordinated gateway is greater than or equal to the upper reactive power limit of the gateway issued by the provincial dispatching authority, or is less than or equal to the lower reactive power limit of the gateway issued by the provincial dispatching authority, the reactive power optimization calculation processing of the low-voltage side reactive power output of the new energy station is performed with the central bus voltage of the provincial-region coordinated gateway area and the reactive power of the provincial-region coordinated gateway as the optimization target, and the expression is as follows: Where ΔQ p In order to save the reactive power regulation of the coordinated gateway, Q p Indicates that the provincial and local coordination checkpoints are reactive in real time, It indicates the reactive power limit of the checkpoint issued by the provincial dispatch. Indicates the lower limit of reactive power issued by the provincial dispatching station, ΔQ g Indicates the regulation amount for controlling the reactive output on the low-voltage side of the new energy station, Θ g Represents the reactive margin vector, V p and Respectively represent the current voltage and set voltage of the regional central bus, W c Represents the reactive power adjustment weight of the gateway, W p Represents the central bus voltage regulation weight, W q Indicates the reactive power balance adjustment weight of the unit, a indicates the per-unit conversion coefficient. In general, W c =1,W p =1,W q =0.

01.

8. The method for optimizing and controlling the participation of new energy stations in provincial and local coordinated reactive power regulation according to claim 5 is characterized in that: Based on the sensitivity matrix of the regional central bus voltage, the reactive power sensitivity matrix of the new energy regional gateway, the reactive power sensitivity matrix of the high-voltage side bus voltage of the new energy station, and the regulation amount of the reactive output on the low-voltage side of the new energy station, the constraint library of the reactive power optimization model is constructed. The expression of the constraint library of the reactive power optimization model is as follows: Among them, Q g 、 and Respectively represent the current reactive power, reactive lower limit and reactive upper limit of the new energy station, V p 、 and Respectively represent the current voltage, planned lower limit and planned upper limit of the regional central busbar, V H 、 and They represent the current voltage, voltage lower limit, voltage upper limit and maximum allowable single-step adjustment of the high-voltage side busbar of the new energy station, respectively. p 、 and They represent the current value, lower limit and upper limit of reactive power in the new energy region respectively, C pg C represents the sensitivity of the impact of reactive power injection from the low-voltage side of the new energy station on the regional central bus voltage. qg C represents the sensitivity of reactive power injection from the low-voltage side of the new energy station to the reactive power of the new energy regional gateway. vg It indicates the sensitivity of the impact of reactive power injection on the low-voltage side of the new energy station on the bus voltage on the high-voltage side of each new energy station.

9. The method for optimizing and controlling the participation of new energy stations in provincial and local coordinated reactive power regulation according to claim 8 is characterized in that: Based on the voltage adjustment of the regional central bus and the sensitivity matrix of the regional central bus voltage, as well as the reactive adjustment of the new energy regional gateway and the gateway reactive sensitivity matrix, the total reactive output adjustment on the low-voltage side of the power plant is determined; based on the reactive sensitivity matrix of the high-voltage side bus voltage of the new energy station and the total reactive output adjustment on the low-voltage side of the power plant, the current voltage adjustment of the high-voltage side bus is determined.

10. The method for optimizing and controlling the participation of new energy stations in provincial and local coordinated reactive power regulation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The ground-adjustment automatic voltage control subsystem transmits ground-adjustment adjustment instructions to all new energy stations and substations within the gateway to perform reactive power adjustment, including the following steps: The local automatic voltage control subsystem transmits the adjustment instructions of the new energy station to the new energy station within the gateway, traverses all provincial and local coordination gateways, calculates the reactive power that needs to be adjusted by the new energy station, and when the reactive power that can be increased or decreased by the new energy station is greater than the adjustment threshold, adjusts the corresponding reactive equipment in the new energy station for reactive power adjustment; The local automatic voltage control subsystem transmits the substation adjustment instruction to the substation, traverses all provincial and local coordination checkpoints, calculates the reactive power that needs to be adjusted in the substation, and adjusts the corresponding reactive equipment for reactive power regulation.

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