A front-end component, endoscope and kidney stone analysis method

Abstract

The present invention provides a front-end component, an endoscope and a kidney stone analysis method, and relates to the technical field of medical devices. The present invention comprises a front-end shell; a camera module, which is arranged on the front-end shell to collect target stone images, and the focal length of the camera module is adjustable; a light source, which is arranged on the front-end shell to illuminate the image collection area of ​​the camera module; a shading member, which is movably arranged on the front-end shell to enable the shading member to switch between a blocking position and a non-blocking position, and the shading member is used to block light; and a first driving member, which is used to drive the shading member to move so that the shading member can switch between the blocking position and the non-blocking position; wherein, when the shading member is in the blocking position, the shading member is located in the irradiation area of ​​the light source to form a shadow area in the part irradiated by the light source; when the shading member is in the non-blocking position, the shading member is located outside the irradiation area of ​​the light source. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the advantages of improving the efficiency of surgery, reducing the pain of patients and the risk of surgery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular to a front-end component, an endoscope and a kidney stone analysis method. Background Art

[0002] Kidney stones are formed by deposits of calcium, phosphate, and urate and can vary in size. During ureteroscopy, doctors often use a stone retrieval basket to capture stone fragments and remove them along the ureter. Smaller stones may pass through the urinary tract on their own, while larger stones may need to be broken into smaller pieces using a lithotripter or removed with a stone retrieval basket device through ureteroscopy.

[0003] In traditional endoscopic surgery, doctors adjust the endoscope angle to obtain images of the stones in real time and subjectively judge the size of the stones based on the images. However, this method that relies on the doctor's subjective judgment is prone to errors and may result in fragments that are too large to be removed through the ureter. This not only affects the efficiency and effectiveness of the surgery, but may also increase the patient's pain and surgical risks. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides a front-end component, an endoscope and a kidney stone analysis method.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a front-end component, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A front-end component, comprising:

[0007] Front end housing;

[0008] A camera module is arranged on the front end housing to collect images of target stones, and the focal length of the camera module is adjustable;

[0009] A light source, disposed on the front end housing, to illuminate the image acquisition area of ​​the camera module;

[0010] A light shielding member is movably disposed on the front end housing so that the light shielding member can be switched between a shielding position and a non-shielding position, and the light shielding member is used to shield light; and

[0011] A first driving member, used for driving the light shielding member to move so that the light shielding member switches between a blocking position and a non-blocking position;

[0012] Wherein, when the shading member is in the shielding position, the shading member is located within the irradiation area of ​​the light source to form a shadow area at the part irradiated by the light source;

[0013] When the shading member is in the non-shielding position, the shading member is located outside the illumination area of ​​the light source.

[0014] Preferably, the front end shell includes a fixed part and a sliding part, the sliding part is movably arranged on the fixed part, and the camera module, the light source and the shading member are arranged on the sliding part, so that the camera module, the light source and the shading member can move with the sliding part.

[0015] Preferably, the shading member is movably disposed on the sliding portion, the first driving member is used to drive the shading member to move relative to the sliding portion, and the sliding portion is connected to a second driving member to move the sliding portion relative to the fixed portion;

[0016] A direction in which the light shielding member moves relative to the sliding portion intersects a direction in which the sliding portion moves relative to the fixing portion.

[0017] Preferably, the sliding part is provided with a mounting cavity, the light source is arranged in the mounting cavity, and the sliding part is provided with a light-transmitting port communicating with the mounting cavity so that light from the light source can pass through;

[0018] The sliding part is movably provided with a light-transmitting body, the light-transmitting body completely covers the light-transmitting opening, and the first driving member is used to drive the light-transmitting body to move relative to the sliding part;

[0019] The shading member is disposed on the light-transmitting body, and when the light-transmitting body moves relative to the sliding portion, the shading member can be switched between a blocking position and a non-blocking position.

[0020] Preferably, the light-transmitting body is provided with a light-diffusing member, and the light-diffusing member is used to convert light so that the light irradiated on the light-diffusing member is converted into parallel light;

[0021] When the shading member is in the blocking position, the light homogenizer is located between the light source and the shading member, so that the light irradiated by the light source to the light homogenizer is converted into parallel light, and the shading member is located in the irradiation area of ​​the parallel light.

[0022] Preferably, the light homogenizer comprises a lens group, and the lens group is configured to refract the light irradiated on the lens group into parallel light;

[0023] Alternatively, the light homogenizer includes a concave reflector to reflect the light irradiated on the concave reflector and converge it into parallel light.

[0024] Preferably, the lens group includes a convex lens to refract the light passing through the convex lens into parallel light;

[0025] When the shading member is in the shielding position, the optical axis of the convex lens passes through the light source.

[0026] In a second aspect, the present application provides an endoscope, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0027] An endoscope comprises a front end component described in the above technical solution.

[0028] In a third aspect, the present application provides a method for analyzing kidney stones, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0029] A kidney stone analysis method, applied to an endoscope described in the above technical solution, comprises the following steps:

[0030] irradiating light from a light source onto a target stone so that the target stone is illuminated;

[0031] Moving the light shielding member into the irradiation area of ​​the light source to form a shadow area on the target stone;

[0032] Adjusting the focal length of the camera module to put the camera module in an optimal focus state, thereby obtaining an optimal image of the target stone, and calculating the distance between the target stone and the light source based on the focal length of the camera module in the optimal focus state and the distance between the light source and the camera module;

[0033] Determine the size of the target stone based on the size of the shading member, the percentage of the shadow area in the image captured by the camera module to the target stone, the distance between the shading member and the light source, and the distance between the target stone and the light source;

[0034] or, comprising the following steps:

[0035] irradiating light from a light source onto a target stone so that the target stone is illuminated;

[0036] Moving the light-transmitting body until the light-shielding member is in a shielding position, so that the light-shielding member forms a shadow area on the target stone;

[0037] The size of the target stone is determined based on the size of the shading member and the percentage of the shadow area in the image captured by the camera module to the target stone.

[0038] The present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0039] The present invention is provided with a movable shading member, which can be moved into the irradiation area of ​​the light source, thereby blocking part of the light and forming a shadow area at the irradiation site. By collecting images of the target stone and the shadow area by the camera module, the proportion of the shadow area on the stone or the proportion of the stone on the shadow area can be obtained. The focal length of the camera module is adjustable, and the clearest stone image can be obtained by adjusting the focal length. According to the current focal length, the distance between the camera module and the target stone can be calculated. The distance between the camera module and the light source and the area of ​​the shading member are known during manufacturing, and the size of the stone can be estimated by combining this information. This helps doctors to judge the size of the stone more accurately and avoid the situation where the stone cannot be removed through the ureter due to misjudgment. This not only improves the efficiency and effect of the operation, but also reduces the patient's pain and surgical risks. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0041] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present application.

[0042] Figure 2 It is a front view of an embodiment of the present application.

[0043] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure when the sliding part extends out of the fixed part.

[0044] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view when the sliding part extends out of the fixed part.

[0045] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present application.

[0046] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the sliding part.

[0047] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the sliding part.

[0048] Figure 8 It is a structural diagram of the fixed part.

[0049] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the first structure of the light-transmitting body.

[0050] Fig.10 2 is a second structural schematic diagram of the light-transmitting body.

[0051] Fig.11It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an endoscope.

[0052] The markings in the figure are:

[0053] 10. Endoscope; 11. Insertion part; 100. Front end shell; 110. Fixing part; 111. Sliding cavity; 112. Sliding groove; 120. Sliding part; 121. Mounting cavity; 122. Light-transmitting port; 123. Sliding block; 200. Camera module; 300. Light source; 400. Shading member; 500. First driving member; 510. First pull rope; 520. Second pull rope; 600. Second driving member; 610. Third pull rope; 620. Elastic member; 700. Translucent body; 710. Light-distributing member; 711. Convex lens; 712. Concave reflector; 712a. Through hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] To make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other implementation methods obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0055] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described here, and the objects distinguished by "first", "second", etc. are generally of one type, and the number of objects is not limited. For example, the first object can be one or more. In addition, "and / or" in the specification and claims represents at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the objects associated with each other are in an "or" relationship.

[0056] In each embodiment of the present application, "proximal end" and "distal end" refer to the position of the endoscope and its components relative to the user in the use environment, wherein the end closer to the user is designated as the "proximal end" and the end farther from the user is designated as the "distal end".

[0057] Combine the following Figures 1 to 11 A front-end component, an endoscope and a kidney stone analysis method provided in the embodiments of the present application are described in detail through specific embodiments and their application scenarios.

[0058] The first aspect of this embodiment provides a detailed description of a front-end component.

[0059] Reference Figure 1 , Fig.11 As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides a front-end assembly, which can be used for an endoscope 10. Exemplarily, the endoscope 10 includes an insertion portion 11, and the front-end assembly is located in the insertion portion 11. Specifically, the front-end assembly is located at the distal end of the insertion portion 11. In some embodiments, the front-end assembly may be a part of the insertion portion 11, and exemplary, the front-end assembly and a part of the insertion portion 11 are an integral structure. In some embodiments, the front-end assembly is detachably mounted on the insertion portion 11, and exemplary, the front-end assembly is connected to the insertion portion 11 by a snap-on structure and / or bolts.

[0060] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the front-end assembly includes a front-end housing 100, a camera module 200, and a light source 300 (refer to Figure 5 ), shading member 400 and first driving member 500. Exemplarily, the front housing 100 is a basic structural member. Exemplarily, the front housing 100 can be an installation base for the camera module 200, the light source 300, the shading member 400 and the first driving member 500.

[0061] In some embodiments, the camera module 200 is mounted on the front end housing 100, and the focal length of the camera module 200 is adjustable. Exemplarily, when it is necessary to capture an image of a target stone, the focal length of the camera module 200 is adjusted so that the camera module 200 can capture the best image of the target stone, that is, the clearest image of the target stone. For example, the endoscope 10 can be combined with image processing technology, and an autofocus algorithm can be used to detect the image clarity in real time and automatically adjust the focal length until the clearest image is obtained. It is understandable that in this embodiment, the focal length of the camera module 200 is adjusted by the autofocus algorithm until the image captured by the endoscope 10 reaches the clearest state, at which time the captured target stone image is the clearest image.

[0062] It is understandable that in this embodiment, the image reaches the clearest state or the clearest image is based on the same endoscope 10, that is, the image of the same target stone is collected by one endoscope 10. The image is gradually made clear by the autofocus algorithm. When the autofocus algorithm adjusts the focal length of the camera module 200, at a certain focal length value, the target stone image collected by the camera module 200 is clearer than the image at other focal length values. At this time, the collected image is the clearest image.

[0063] In some embodiments, reference Figure 4 , Figure 5As shown, the light source 300 is disposed at the front housing 100, and the image acquisition area of ​​the camera module 200 can be illuminated by the light source 300, so that the image acquired by the camera module 200 is clearer. It can be understood that in this embodiment, the light emitted by the light source 300 is non-parallel light. Exemplarily, the light source 300 is a point light source, that is, light is emitted from the light source 300 to the surroundings.

[0064] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the shading member 400 is movably disposed on the front housing 100. The shading member 400 is used to block light. The shading member 400 has two states: a blocking position and a non-blocking position. When the shading member 400 moves, the shading member 400 can switch between the blocking position and the non-blocking position. It can be understood that the shading member 400 is made of an opaque material. When the shading member 400 is located in the irradiation area of ​​the light source 300, part of the light will irradiate the shading member 400. After the part of the light irradiates the shading member 400, it will not be able to penetrate the shading member 400, so that a shadow similar to the outline of the shading member 400 can be formed at the part where the light is irradiated.

[0065] Wherein, when the shading member 400 is in the blocking position, the shading member 400 is located in the irradiation area of ​​the light source 300. When the shading member 400 is in the non-blocking position, the shading member 400 is located outside the irradiation area of ​​the light source 300. It can be understood that the shading member 400 is located outside the irradiation area of ​​the light source 300, which means that the shading member 400 is completely outside the irradiation area of ​​the light source 300. The shading member 400 is located in the irradiation area of ​​the light source 300, which means that the shading member 400 is completely in the irradiation area of ​​the light source 300. In some embodiments, the shading member 400 is a plate-like structure. Exemplarily, the shading member 400 is a circular sheet, such as a circular metal sheet or a circular plastic sheet. When the circular sheet is in the irradiation area of ​​the light source 300, the circular surface of the circular sheet is arranged toward the light source 300, so that under the irradiation of the light source 300, the circular sheet forms a circular shadow at the irradiation part of the light source 300.

[0066] In some embodiments, when the shading member 400 is in the shielding position, the shading member 400 can move within the irradiation area of ​​the light source 300. It can be understood that the direction in which the shading member 400 moves within the irradiation area of ​​the light source 300 can be along the first direction and / or the second direction, wherein the first direction is the direction of approaching / moving away from the stone, and the second direction is the direction of moving from one side of the stone to the other side.

[0067] That is, when the shading member 400 is in the blocking position, the relative position between the shading member 400 and the light source 300 can be changed, thereby being able to change the position / area of ​​the shadow area formed by the shading member 400 on the illumination area of ​​the light source 300, so as to project the shadow area onto the stone, making it convenient to compare the size of the shadow area with the size of the stone.

[0068] In some embodiments, reference Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the first driving member 500 is used to drive the shading member 400 to move so that the shading member 400 switches between the blocking position and the non-blocking position. In some embodiments, the first driving member 500 is directly connected to the shading member 400. In some embodiments, the first driving member 500 is indirectly connected to the shading member 400. In other words, the shading member 400 is connected to other components, and the first driving member 500 is connected to other components connected to the shading member 400. By driving other components connected to the shading member 400 by the first driving member 500, the shading member 400 can be driven to move, so that the shading member 400 can switch between the blocking position and the non-blocking position.

[0069] In order to estimate the size of the stone, the following method can be adopted: first, the front end assembly is aimed at the stone, the stone and its surrounding tissue are illuminated by the light source 300, and the image of the stone is collected in real time by the camera module 200. Then, the shading member 400 is driven to move by the first driving member 500, so that the shading member 400 is completely within the irradiation range of the light source 300, and the position of the shading member 400 is gradually fine-tuned so that the shadow area formed by it is on the surface of the stone. Then, the focal length is adjusted by the camera module 200 to take the best image of the stone, and the percentage of the shadow area in the best image of the stone is calculated. According to the focal length of the camera module 200 at this time, the distance of the stone from the camera module 200 can be calculated. The distance between the light source 300 and the camera module 200, the area of ​​the shading member 400, and the distance between the shading member 400 and the light source 300 are known. By using the principle of similar triangles, the area of ​​the shadow area can be calculated. By combining the percentage of the shadow area in the stone, the approximate size of the stone can be calculated, thereby estimating the size of the stone. It is understandable that the size of the stone mentioned here refers to the size of the stone collected in the best image of the stone. By calculating in multiple directions, the size of the stone in different directions can be estimated, thereby helping doctors determine whether the stone can pass through the ureter. This can avoid the situation where the stone is smaller in one or more directions but larger in another direction, resulting in the inability to pass through the ureter.

[0070] The distance between the light source 300 and the camera module 200, the area of ​​the shading member 400, and the distance between the shading member 400 and the light source 300 are all determined after the front-end assembly is manufactured, so this part of the data can be included in the software, so that the size of the stone can be automatically estimated by the software. In some embodiments, in order to make the shadow area on the surface of the stone, it can be achieved by moving the front-end assembly, or by moving the shading member 400. In some schemes, it can also be achieved by moving the front-end assembly and the shading member 400 at the same time. It is understandable that when moving the front-end assembly, it can be achieved by controlling the insertion portion 11. For example, the insertion portion 11 is controlled to bend or the insertion portion 11 is controlled to move in the body cavity.

[0071] Due to the limitation of the space in the body, the front end assembly may be far away from the stone, and the shadow area formed by the light shielding member 400 may be larger than the stone. In this case, the area of ​​the stone can be estimated by calculating the percentage of the stone in the shadow area. The specific method is to first calculate the area of ​​the shadow area according to the principle of similar triangles, and then calculate the actual area of ​​the stone according to the percentage of the stone in the shadow area. In this way, the size of the stone can be estimated.

[0072] It is understandable that the use of the focal length of the camera module 200 to determine the distance between the camera module 200 and the stone is mainly based on the camera imaging principle and geometry. Specifically, the actual distance of the object can be calculated by the focal length of the camera, the sensor size, and the size of the object in the image. This process relies on the principle of similar triangles and is achieved by comparing the size of the object in the image with the actual size. This calculation method is quite mature and will not be repeated here.

[0073] It is understandable that estimating the size of the stone refers to a rough calculation of the approximate size of the stone, which is not a very high-precision calculation. By estimating the approximate size of the stone, we can roughly understand the size of the stone in different directions, so as to help doctors combine clinical experience to judge whether the stone can pass through the ureter. Compared with the past judgment based only on the doctor's clinical experience, by combining the estimation results, the accuracy of the judgment of the stone size can be greatly improved, thereby improving the efficiency and effectiveness of the operation and reducing the patient's pain and surgical risks.

[0074] According to an alternative embodiment, referring to Figure 3 , Figure 4As shown, the front end housing 100 includes a fixed portion 110 and a sliding portion 120, the sliding portion 120 is movably arranged on the fixed portion 110, and the camera module 200, the light source 300 and the shading member 400 are arranged on the sliding portion 120, so that the camera module 200, the light source 300 and the shading member 400 can move with the sliding portion 120. Exemplarily, the fixed portion 110 is a basic structural member. Exemplarily, the fixed portion 110 can be a mounting base for the sliding portion 120. In some embodiments, the fixed portion 110 is connected to the insertion portion 11. Exemplarily, the fixed portion 110 can be a part of the insertion portion 11. Of course, in some embodiments, the fixed portion 110 can be fixedly connected to the insertion portion 11. The sliding portion 120 is slidably connected to the fixed portion 110, so that the sliding portion 120 can move relative to the fixed portion 110. Exemplarily, the direction in which the sliding part 120 moves relative to the fixing part 110 can be along a first direction and / or a second direction, wherein the first direction is a direction approaching / moving away from the stone, and the second direction is a direction moving from one side of the stone to the other side.

[0075] When estimating the size of the stone, the position of the camera module 200, the light source 300 and the light shielding member 400 relative to the stone can be changed by moving the sliding part 120, so as to measure the size of the stone at different positions or distances. By comparing multiple groups of measurement results or calculating the average value of these results, more accurate stone size estimation data can be obtained to help doctors make more accurate judgments.

[0076] Specifically, when the sliding part 120 moves relative to the fixed part 110 in a direction close to or away from the stone, the size of the stone can be estimated at different distances. The different distances here refer to the change in distance between the sliding part 120 and the stone. When the sliding part 120 moves from one side of the stone to the other side relative to the fixed part 110, the size of the stone can be estimated at different orientations. The different orientations here refer to the change in orientation between the sliding part 120 and the stone. By measuring the size of the stone at multiple distances and comparing or averaging these measurement results, more accurate stone size estimation data can be obtained, thereby helping doctors make more accurate judgments.

[0077] According to an alternative embodiment, referring to Figure 3 , Figure 5As shown, the shading member 400 is movably arranged on the sliding part 120, the first driving member 500 is used to drive the shading member 400 to move relative to the sliding part 120, and the sliding part 120 is connected to the second driving member 600 so that the sliding part 120 moves relative to the fixed part 110. The direction in which the shading member 400 moves relative to the sliding part 120 intersects with the direction in which the sliding part 120 moves relative to the fixed part 110. Among them, the direction in which the shading member 400 moves relative to the sliding part 120 intersects with the direction in which the sliding part 120 moves relative to the fixed part 110, which means that the direction in which the shading member 400 moves relative to the sliding part 120 is different from the direction in which the sliding part 120 moves relative to the fixed part 110. Exemplarily, the sliding part 120 moves in the direction of approaching / moving away from the stone, and the shading member 400 moves in the direction from one side of the stone to the other side, so that the stone size can be estimated when approaching the stone at different distances, and the stone size can be estimated at different positions. By estimating the size of the stones at different locations and distances, we can more accurately understand the general shape of the stones and their sizes at different locations, thus helping doctors make more reasonable judgments.

[0078] In some embodiments, reference Figure 6 , Figure 8 As shown, the fixed part 110 is provided with a sliding cavity 111, and the sliding part 120 is slidably arranged in the sliding cavity 111. For example, the sliding part 120 can slide along the central axis direction of the insertion part 11, so that when the insertion part 11 is inserted into the body, the sliding part 120 can move in the direction close to / away from the stone. It can be understood that the upper limit is matched between the fixed part 110 and the sliding part 120 along the central axis direction of the insertion part 11, so as to limit the sliding range of the sliding part 120, and avoid the situation that the sliding part 120 is separated from the fixed part 110 after the sliding part 120 slides out of the sliding cavity 111. For example, a slider 123 is provided on the sliding part 120, and a slide groove 112 matched with the slider 123 is provided on the fixed part 110. Through the cooperation between the slider 123 and the slide groove 112, the sliding range of the sliding part 120 relative to the fixed part 110 is limited.

[0079] According to an alternative embodiment, referring to Figure 5 , Figure 7As shown, the sliding part 120 is provided with a mounting cavity 121, the light source 300 is arranged in the mounting cavity 121, and the sliding part 120 is provided with a light-transmitting port 122 connected with the mounting cavity 121, so that the light of the light source 300 can pass through. It can be understood that the light-transmitting port 122 is located on the distal side of the sliding part 120, so that the light of the light source 300 can be irradiated to the target position and its vicinity through the light-transmitting port 122. The mounting cavity 121 is used to provide an installation position for the light source 300, so that the light source 300 can be installed inside the sliding part 120, so as to protect the light source 300 during the insertion of the insertion part 11 into the body or the sliding part 120 sliding process, which is beneficial to improve the service life of the light source 300.

[0080] In some embodiments, reference Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, the sliding part 120 is movably provided with a light-transmitting body 700, and the light-transmitting body 700 completely covers the light-transmitting opening 122. The light-transmitting body 700 can seal the light-transmitting opening 122, thereby preventing body fluids from entering the installation cavity 121, ensuring a clean working environment for the light source 300, and preventing the light source 300 from being contaminated when body fluids enter the installation cavity 121.

[0081] In some embodiments, the first driving member 500 is used to drive the light-transmitting body 700 to move relative to the sliding portion 120, and the light-shielding member 400 is disposed on the light-transmitting body 700. When the light-transmitting body 700 moves relative to the sliding portion 120, the light-shielding member 400 can switch between the blocking position and the non-blocking position. By driving the light-transmitting body 700 to move, the light-shielding member 400 can be moved relative to the sliding portion 120, thereby adjusting the position of the light-shielding member 400 and adjusting the position of the shadow area formed by the light-shielding member 400, so that the shadow area formed by the light-shielding member 400 is located on the stone, which is convenient for estimating the size of the stone. It can be understood that by driving the light-transmitting body 700 to slide relative to the sliding portion 120 by the first driving member 500, friction can be generated between the light-transmitting body 700 and the body tissue, and in this process, some impurities on the light-transmitting body 700 can be wiped off from the light-transmitting body 700, which is beneficial for light to pass through the light-transmitting body 700. Compared with rubbing the light-transmitting body 700 against the body tissue by moving the insertion part 11, controlling the movement of the light-transmitting body 700 alone has higher control accuracy and causes less pain to the patient. If the insertion part 11 is moved directly, greater pressure will be generated between the insertion part 11 and the body tissue of the patient, causing discomfort to the patient.

[0082] In some embodiments, reference Figure 4 , Figure 5As shown, the first driving member 500 includes a first pull rope 510 and a second pull rope 520, and the first pull rope 510 and the second pull rope 520 are used to drive the light-transmitting body 700 to move. Specifically, the first pull rope 510 is connected to the upstream side of the moving direction of the light-transmitting body 700, and the second pull rope 520 is connected to the downstream side of the moving direction of the light-transmitting body 700. By pulling the first pull rope 510 and releasing the second pull rope 520, the light-transmitting body 700 can be moved to the upstream side of the moving direction. By pulling the second pull rope 520 and releasing the first pull rope 510, the light-transmitting body 700 can be moved to the downstream side of the moving direction. When the light-transmitting body 700 needs to be fixed, the first pull rope 510 and the second pull rope 520 can be tightened at the same time. It can be understood that there is a certain friction between the light-transmitting body 700 and the sliding part 120, so that when the first pull rope 510 and the second pull rope 520 are loosened, the light-transmitting body 700 can also be kept stationary relative to the sliding part 120. When the sliding part 120 is driven to move relative to the fixed part 110 by the second driving member 600, the first pull rope 510 and the second pull rope 520 need to be loosened to avoid the situation where it is difficult to adjust the position of the sliding part 120 when the first pull rope 510 and the second pull rope 520 are tightened.

[0083] In some embodiments, the second driving member 600 includes a third pull rope 610, which is used to drive the sliding part 120 to slide. The third pull rope 610 can move the fixed part 110. When the third pull rope 610 is pulled, the sliding part 120 can slide away from the distal end. An elastic member 620 is provided between the sliding part 120 and the fixed part 110. Specifically, the elastic member 620 is a spring, and the elastic member 620 is used to push the sliding part 120 to slide relative to the fixed part 110 toward the distal end. By controlling the tension on the third pull rope 610, the sliding part 120 can be controlled to slide toward the distal end or away from the distal end.

[0084] According to an alternative embodiment, referring to Figure 7 , Fig. 9 As shown, the light-transmitting body 700 is provided with a light-distributing member 710, and the light-distributing member 710 is used to convert light so that the light irradiated on the light-distributing member 710 is converted into parallel light. When the light-shielding member 400 is in the blocking position, the light-distributing member 710 is located between the light source 300 and the light-shielding member 400, so that the light irradiated on the light-distributing member 710 by the light source 300 is converted into parallel light, and the light-shielding member 400 is located in the irradiation area of ​​the parallel light. Among them, the light-distributing member 710 is used to convert light so that the light irradiated on the light-distributing member 710 is converted into parallel light. Specifically, when light irradiates the light-distributing member 710, the light can pass through the light-distributing member 710 and be converted into parallel light after passing through. For example, when the light-distributing member 710 is a convex lens 711, the light will be refracted after passing through the convex lens 711, thereby forming parallel light. In addition, referring to Figure 7 , Fig.10 As shown, the light homogenizer 710 can also realize the conversion of parallel light by reflecting light. When light is irradiated to the light homogenizer 710, it can be reflected by it, and the reflected light is converted into parallel light. For example, when the light homogenizer 710 is a concave reflector 712, the light will also form parallel light after being reflected on the concave reflector 712.

[0085] Preferably, the light homogenizer 710 is a convex lens 711, because the convex lens 711 is easier to install and only needs to be directly fixed on the light-transmitting body 700, and the convex lens 711 has good light transmittance, so the light will not be blocked.

[0086] Among them, the shading member 400 is located in the irradiation area of ​​parallel light, which means that the shading member 400 is located in the irradiation area of ​​parallel light formed by the light homogenizer 710, so that a shadow area is formed on the stone under the irradiation of parallel light. It can be understood that the light outside the light homogenizer 710 will continue to irradiate the target area to illuminate the target area. Under the irradiation of parallel light, the shadow area formed by the light homogenizer 400 on the stone is similar in shape and size to the light homogenizer 400. Therefore, the size of the stone can be determined by the percentage of the shadow area in the image collected by the camera module 200. This determination method is more direct and simple, and can quickly estimate the approximate size of the stone, which is convenient for doctors to make quick judgments. The light homogenizer 710 is located between the light source 300 and the shading member 400, which means that the light homogenizer 710 is closer to the light source 300, and the light emitted by the light source 300 will first irradiate the light homogenizer 710, and then irradiate the light homogenizer 400 after conversion by the light homogenizer 710.

[0087] In some embodiments, reference Fig. 9 , Fig.10 As shown, the light-transmitting body 700 is fixed with a light-shielding member 400 on one side thereof outside the mounting cavity 121, and a light-distributing member 710 is fixed with a light-distributing member 710 on the side thereof facing the mounting cavity 121. It is understandable that the size of the light-distributing member 710 is larger than the size of the light-distributing member 400 to ensure that the light-distributing member 400 is completely within the range of light passing through the light-distributing member 710. Specifically, the light-distributing member 710 and the light-distributing member 400 are both disc-shaped members, and the diameter of the light-distributing member 710 is larger than the diameter of the light-distributing member 400, and the light-distributing member 710 is coaxially mounted with the light-distributing member 400.

[0088] According to an optional embodiment, the light homogenizer 710 includes a lens group, and the lens group is configured to refract the light irradiated on the lens group into parallel light. The lens group is formed by combining a plurality of lenses so that the light passing through the lens group is refracted into parallel light.

[0089] According to an alternative embodiment, Fig.10As shown, the light homogenizer 710 includes a concave reflector 712 to reflect and converge the light irradiated on the concave reflector 712 into parallel light. Exemplarily, the light source 300 is located at the central axis position of the concave reflector 712, and the light emitted by the light source 300 is irradiated on the concave reflector 712, and forms parallel light under the reflection of the concave reflector 712. It can be understood that the parameters such as the curvature of the concave reflector 712 are specially designed to ensure that the light reflected by the concave reflector 712 forms parallel light as much as possible, thereby improving the accuracy of the estimation of the size of the stone. For example, the cross-section of the concave reflector 712 along its symmetry axis is a parabola shape, that is, the concave reflector 712 can be obtained by rotating the symmetry axis of the parabola-shaped component by at least 180 degrees. In order to facilitate the passage of light, a through hole 712a is provided at the bottom of the concave reflector 712, and the light of the light source 300 can enter the concave reflector 712 through the through hole 712a, thereby forming a reflection inside it.

[0090] According to an alternative embodiment, referring to Fig. 9 As shown, the lens group includes a convex lens 711 to refract the light passing through the convex lens 711 into parallel light. When the shading member 400 is in the blocking position, the optical axis of the convex lens 711 passes through the light source 300. Exemplarily, there is at least one convex lens 711, and the refraction of at least one convex lens 711 can make the light passing through the convex lens 711 parallel light. It can be understood that the parallel light here refers to nearly parallel light, not absolutely parallel light. According to the characteristics of the convex lens 711, when the light source 300 is located on the optical axis of the convex lens 711, the light refracted by the convex lens 711 will be closer to parallel light, which helps to estimate the size of the stone more accurately.

[0091] A second aspect of this embodiment describes an endoscope in detail.

[0092] Reference Fig.11 As shown, an endoscope includes a front-end component of the above-mentioned embodiment. In some embodiments, the front-end component is provided with a light homogenizer 710. In some embodiments, the front-end component is not provided with a light homogenizer 710. It is understandable that the size of the stone can be estimated regardless of whether the front-end component is provided with a light homogenizer 710. In this way, the endoscope 10 has the beneficial effects of the above-mentioned front-end component, which will not be repeated here. The endoscope 10 referred to in the embodiment of the present application can be a bronchoscope, a pyeloscope, an esophagoscope, a gastroscope, a colonoscope, an otoscope, a nasoscope, a stomatoscope, a laryngoscope, a colposcope, a laparoscope, an arthroscope, etc. The embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the type of the endoscope 10.

[0093] The third aspect of this embodiment provides a detailed description of a kidney stone analysis method.

[0094] A kidney stone analysis method is applied to an endoscope in the above embodiment. It can be understood that the endoscope 10 here refers to the endoscope 10 without the light homogenizer 710, and includes the following steps:

[0095] S100, irradiate the light of the light source 300 onto the target stone so that the target stone is illuminated.

[0096] The internal space of the insertion part 11 is controlled, and the front end component is brought close to the target stone, and the distal end of the insertion part 11 is directed toward the target stone.

[0097] S200, moving the light shielding member 400 into the irradiation area of ​​the light source 300 to form a shadow area on the target stone.

[0098] By controlling the first pull rope 510 and the second pull rope 520, the light-transmitting body 700 is moved relative to the sliding part 120, so that the light-shielding member 400 is moved into the illumination area of ​​the light source 300, so that the light-shielding member 400 can form a shadow area at the target stone position under the illumination of the light source 300. By adjusting the movement of the light-transmitting body 700, the position of the shadow area can be changed, which helps to project the shadow area on a relatively flat area of ​​the target stone, so that the result of the target stone size estimation is closer to the actual size of the target stone.

[0099] S300, adjust the focal length of the camera module 200 to put the camera module 200 in an optimal focus state, so as to obtain the best image of the target stone, and calculate the distance between the target stone and the light source 300 based on the focal length of the camera module 200 in the optimal focus state and the distance between the light source 300 and the camera module 200.

[0100] S400, determining the size of the target stone based on the size of the shading member 400, the percentage of the shadow area in the image captured by the camera module 200 to the target stone, the distance between the shading member 400 and the light source 300, and the distance between the target stone and the light source 300.

[0101] According to the principle of similar triangles, the size of the target stone was estimated.

[0102] Or, a kidney stone analysis method, applied to an endoscope of the above technical solution, it can be understood that the endoscope 10 here refers to an endoscope 10 with a light homogenizer 710, comprising the following steps:

[0103] S100, irradiate the light of the light source 300 onto the target stone so that the target stone is illuminated.

[0104] S200, move the light-transmitting body 700 until the light shielding member 400 is in the shielding position, so that the light shielding member 400 forms a shadow area on the target stone. It can be understood that the shadow area here is formed by the parallel light converted by the light homogenizing member 710, so the area of ​​the shadow area is substantially the same as the actual size of the light shielding member 400.

[0105] S300, determining the size of the target stone based on the size of the shading member 400 and the percentage of the shadow area in the image captured by the camera module 200 to the target stone.

[0106] The above description is only a specific implementation mode of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A front-end component, characterized in that: include: A front end housing (100); A camera module (200) is arranged on the front housing (100) to collect images of target stones, and the focal length of the camera module (200) is adjustable; A light source (300) is arranged on the front end housing (100) to illuminate the image acquisition area of ​​the camera module (200); a light shielding member (400) movably disposed on the front end housing (100) so that the light shielding member (400) can be switched between a shielding position and a non-shielding position, and the light shielding member (400) is used to shield light; and A first driving member (500) is used to drive the light shielding member (400) to move, so that the light shielding member (400) switches between a shielding position and a non-shielding position; Wherein, when the shading member (400) is in the shielding position, the shading member (400) is located within the irradiation area of ​​the light source (300), so as to form a shadow area at the part irradiated by the light source (300); When the light shielding member (400) is in a non-shielding position, the light shielding member (400) is located outside the illumination area of ​​the light source (300); The size of the target stone is determined based on the size of the shading member (400) and the percentage of the shadow area in the image captured by the camera module (200) to the target stone.

2. A front end assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front end housing (100) comprises a fixed portion (110) and a sliding portion (120), wherein the sliding portion (120) is movably arranged on the fixed portion (110), and the camera module (200), the light source (300) and the light shielding member (400) are arranged on the sliding portion (120) so that the camera module (200), the light source (300) and the light shielding member (400) can move along with the sliding portion (120).

3. A front end assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: The shading member (400) is movably arranged on the sliding portion (120); the first driving member (500) is used to drive the shading member (400) to move relative to the sliding portion (120); the sliding portion (120) is connected to a second driving member (600) to enable the sliding portion (120) to move relative to the fixed portion (110); The direction in which the light shielding member (400) moves relative to the sliding portion (120) intersects with the direction in which the sliding portion (120) moves relative to the fixing portion (110).

4. A front end assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sliding part (120) is provided with a mounting cavity (121), the light source (300) is arranged in the mounting cavity (121), and the sliding part (120) is provided with a light-transmitting port (122) in communication with the mounting cavity (121) so as to allow light from the light source (300) to pass through; The sliding portion (120) is movably provided with a light-transmitting body (700), the light-transmitting body (700) completely covers the light-transmitting opening (122), and the first driving member (500) is used to drive the light-transmitting body (700) to move relative to the sliding portion (120); The light shielding member (400) is arranged on the light-transmitting body (700), and when the light-transmitting body (700) moves relative to the sliding portion (120), the light shielding member (400) can be switched between a shielding position and a non-shielding position.

5. A front end assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: The light-transmitting body (700) is provided with a light-dispersing member (710), and the light-dispersing member (710) is used to convert light, so that the light irradiated on the light-dispersing member (710) is converted into parallel light; When the shading member (400) is in the shielding position, the light homogenizing member (710) is located between the light source (300) and the shading member (400), so that light irradiated by the light source (300) on the light homogenizing member (710) is converted into parallel light, and the shading member (400) is located within the irradiation area of ​​the parallel light.

6. A front end assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that: The light homogenizer (710) comprises a lens group, wherein the lens group is configured to refract light irradiated on the lens group into parallel light; Alternatively, the light homogenizer (710) includes a concave reflector to reflect and converge the light irradiated on the concave reflector into parallel light.

7. A front end assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lens group includes a convex lens to refract the light passing through the convex lens into parallel light; When the light shielding member (400) is in the shielding position, the optical axis of the convex lens passes through the light source (300).

8. An endoscope, characterized in that: A front-end component comprising any one of claims 1-4.

9. An endoscope, characterized in that: A front-end component comprising any one of claims 5-7.

10. A method for analyzing kidney stones, characterized in that: An endoscope as claimed in claim 8, comprising the following steps: irradiating light from a light source (300) onto a target stone so that the target stone is illuminated; Moving the light shielding member (400) into the irradiation area of ​​the light source (300) to form a shadow area on the target stone; Adjusting the focal length of the camera module (200) so that the camera module (200) is in an optimal focus state, thereby obtaining an optimal image of the target stone, and calculating the distance between the target stone and the light source (300) based on the focal length of the camera module (200) in the optimal focus state and the distance between the light source (300) and the camera module (200); Determining the size of the target stone based on the size of the shading member (400), the percentage of the shadow area in the image captured by the camera module (200) to the target stone, the distance between the shading member (400) and the light source (300), and the distance between the target stone and the light source (300); Or, an endoscope (10) as claimed in claim 9, comprising the following steps: irradiating light from a light source (300) onto a target stone so that the target stone is illuminated; Moving the light-transmitting body (700) until the light-shielding member (400) is in a shielding position, so that the light-shielding member (400) forms a shadow area on the target stone; The size of the target stone is determined based on the size of the shading member (400) and the percentage of the shadow area in the image captured by the camera module (200) to the target stone.

Images