Gas accelerated synthesis system and method for material preparation

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of gas acceleration synthesis system and method for material preparation, belong to material preparation field, including gas source unit, raw material adding unit, acceleration chamber unit, reaction chamber unit, circulating chamber unit and collection chamber unit;The acceleration chamber unit, reaction chamber unit and circulating chamber unit are communicated to form circulation loop, and the gas source unit, raw material adding unit and collection chamber unit are communicated with circulation loop respectively;Its characterized in that: separation unit is further provided in circulation loop, and the separation unit is used to separate the particles in circulation loop;Large particles are transported to reaction chamber unit at low speed after separation, and small particles are transported into circulation loop again after separation;Product is collected by collection chamber unit;The application has the characteristics of fast reaction rate, high synthesis efficiency, environment-friendly and pollution-free, and has excellent application prospect.

Description

A gas-accelerated synthesis system and method for materials preparation Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of materials preparation, and in particular to a gas-accelerated synthesis system and method for materials preparation. Background Technology

[0002] The gas-accelerated synthesis method combines technologies from multiple disciplines such as aerodynamics, particle dynamics, and gas-solid two-phase flow dynamics. It uses supersonic airflow to accelerate solid particles, which are accompanied by momentum exchange and violent collisions between particles. This converts mechanical energy into the chemical energy of the reaction products, enabling the rapid preparation of materials through solid-phase reactions at room temperature and low temperature.

[0003] Traditional methods for preparing powder materials mainly include atomization, which produces powder products with uneven particle size distribution and a wide particle size range. This requires multiple screenings, grading, and particle size testing, making the process cumbersome and inefficient. Furthermore, it cannot avoid introducing impurities, compromising product purity. The preparation process consumes a large amount of gas, leading to high costs for high-performance material preparation, which fails to meet the needs of industrial development. In addition, low-temperature solid-state reaction synthesis methods such as ball milling and grinding are also commonly used for material preparation, but their overall efficiency is too low. They require long-term, high-energy input to maintain the device's operation, and the raw materials inevitably experience numerous ineffective collisions, resulting in significant time and energy consumption. They also cannot avoid impurity issues, making it difficult to precisely control product purity. The reaction process mechanism is complex and cannot be precisely controlled, hindering quantitative research and optimization. Different components in the product only have localized surface contact, making it almost impossible to penetrate deeply and form embedded structures. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned shortcomings by providing a gas-accelerated synthesis system and method for material preparation. This invention solves the problems of existing low-temperature solid-state reaction synthesis methods such as ball milling and grinding in powder material preparation, which suffer from low overall efficiency, require long-term and large-scale energy input to maintain device operation, involve numerous ineffective collisions of raw materials, and are time-consuming and energy-intensive. Furthermore, these methods suffer from impurities, making precise control of product purity impossible; the reaction process is complex and cannot be precisely controlled, hindering quantitative research and optimization; and different components in the product only have localized contact, with almost no penetration into the interior, thus preventing the construction of embedded composite powder structures. In addition, embedded composite powder structures prepared by conventional gas-accelerated methods such as atomization rely on accelerated collisions of mixed particles, and the velocity difference between particles of different sizes is insufficient to meet the requirements for embedded composite powder, thus lacking mass production capability.

[0005] This invention is achieved through the following scheme:

[0006] A gas-accelerated synthesis system for material preparation includes a gas source unit, a raw material addition unit, an acceleration chamber unit, a reaction chamber unit, a circulation chamber unit, and a collection chamber unit. The acceleration chamber unit, reaction chamber unit, and circulation chamber unit are interconnected to form a circulation loop. The gas source unit, raw material addition unit, and collection chamber unit are respectively connected to the circulation loop. A separation unit is also provided in the circulation loop to separate particles in the circulation loop. Large particles are separated and then transported to the reaction chamber unit at a low speed, while small particles are separated and then transported back to the circulation loop. The product is collected through the collection chamber unit.

[0007] Based on the structure of the gas-accelerated synthesis system for material preparation described above, the acceleration chamber unit is equipped with a power adjustment component. The power adjustment component is used to adjust the acceleration speed of the airflow in the acceleration chamber and can be adaptively adjusted according to the collision speed required for the preparation of the raw materials.

[0008] Based on the structure of the gas-accelerated synthesis system for material preparation described above, a closed-loop weighing control system is provided in the raw material addition unit. The closed-loop weighing control system enables the raw materials to be uniformly fed from the storage hopper into the gas flow field at a specific feeding rate, thereby completing the automatic addition of raw materials.

[0009] Based on the structure of the gas-accelerated synthesis system for material preparation described above, a temperature control unit is also provided in the circulation loop. The temperature control unit can adjust the gas flow temperature and control the flow field temperature distribution in real time through feedback from different temperature sensors to complete the solid-phase reaction at a specific temperature.

[0010] Based on the structure of the gas-accelerated synthesis system for material preparation described above, the separation unit includes a particle classification device and a feed pipe; the particle classification device is connected to a circulation loop, one end of the feed pipe is connected to the coarse particle separation outlet of the particle classification device, and the other end extends into the reaction chamber unit of the circulation loop.

[0011] Based on the structure of the gas-accelerated synthesis system for material preparation described above, the separation unit includes a reverse gas spiral powder feeding device, the inlet end of which is connected to a circulation loop, and the outlet end of which is inserted into the reaction chamber unit.

[0012] The gas-accelerated synthesis method for material preparation described above specifically includes the following steps:

[0013] Step 1: Adjust relevant parameters to construct a stable and high-quality supersonic airflow field;

[0014] Step 2: The raw materials are uniformly mixed according to the mass percentage of each component in the ideal product, and then fed into the high-speed airflow of the circulation loop through the raw material addition unit;

[0015] Step 3: The raw material is accelerated by the airflow to form a gas-solid two-phase flow. During the movement, particles of different sizes are separated by the separation unit. After being separated, the large particles enter the reaction chamber unit at a low speed, while the small particles continue to circulate at a high speed in the circulation loop. The large and small particles collide with each other in the reaction unit.

[0016] Step 4: The target product that meets the requirements in the circulation pipeline is recovered by the collection chamber unit;

[0017] Step 5: Raw materials or semi-finished products that have not completed the reaction can be graded by the circulation control device and then re-enter the circulation loop airflow field to repeat the acceleration, friction, collision and bombardment.

[0018] Step Six: After completing the material preparation as required, turn off the gas source.

[0019] In step one, the gas medium in the high-quality gas flow field is an inert gas.

[0020] In step two: the raw material is one or more of the following: elemental powders of aluminum, nickel, tungsten, copper, iron, zinc, titanium, calcium, zinc, lithium, carbon, silicon, phosphorus, and sulfur, or oxides, sulfates, nitrates, acetates, carbonates, chlorides, or hydrates of metals.

[0021] Step 3: A target is set in the reaction unit. Particles of different sizes will collide with the target in the reaction chamber and bounce off to collide with the upstream raw materials a second time, realizing the conversion of mechanical energy into chemical energy or internal energy to complete the solid-phase reaction.

[0022] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0023] 1. In the gas-accelerated synthesis system of the present invention, there is no requirement for high temperature and high pressure in the material preparation environment, the corresponding equipment manufacturing cost is low, and the operation is simple and quick; the synthesis method has no special requirements for the reaction raw materials and does not require the participation of liquid solvents, catalysts, etc.; the preparation process uses supersonic gas flow as energy medium, which shortens the reaction time and improves the synthesis efficiency; no other impurities are introduced, and the purity of the product is controllable.

[0024] 2. This invention has the characteristics of fast reaction rate, high synthesis efficiency, environmental friendliness and no pollution, and has excellent application prospects.

[0025] 3. The graded separation unit in this scheme can allow particles of different sizes to enter different flow channels, resulting in particles entering the supersonic flow field at different velocities. This velocity difference enhances the collision between raw materials, accelerates the solid-phase reaction process, and improves energy utilization efficiency. Simultaneously, it can separate and screen the target product based on particle size, sending it to the product collection unit for storage.

[0026] 4. This invention employs a gas-solid two-phase flow field design, introducing solid raw material particles into a supersonic flow field for accelerated motion. The raw materials rub and collide with each other at high speeds, especially supersonic conditions, until they violently impact the target. Then, a specific flow field design is used to screen products of different particle sizes for classification. The preparation process is set as a closed-loop circulation flow, completing the preparation process after multiple reactions. In the gas-solid two-phase flow, the raw materials in different systems are accelerated to a supersonic state by the airflow, gaining high mechanical energy. During the collisions between the raw materials and the bombardment with the target, the mechanical energy is converted into chemical energy or internal energy, completing the solid-phase reaction. Raw materials or semi-finished products that have not completed the reaction can be classified by a circulation control device and then re-enter the airflow field for repeated acceleration, friction, collision, and bombardment processes. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 is a flowchart of Example 1;

[0028] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of Example 2;

[0029] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the target position in Example 2;

[0030] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of Example 3;

[0031] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the spiral powder feeding mechanism in Example 3;

[0032] Figure 6 shows the X-ray diffraction pattern of the product in Example 4;

[0033] Figure 7 shows a scanning electron microscope image (left) and a FIB cross-sectional image (right) of the product in Example 4.

[0034] Figure 8 shows the X-ray diffraction pattern of the product in Example 5;

[0035] Figure 9 shows a scanning electron microscope image (left) and a FIB cross-sectional image (right) of the product in Example 5.

[0036] The diagram shows: 1. Particle separation device; 2. Secondary circulation pipe; 3. Screw conveying mechanism; 4. Main circulation pipeline; 31. Feed cylinder; 32. Screw feed rod; 33. Powder feeding pipe; 34. Power mechanism; 35. Power source; 36. Central rotating shaft; 37. Rolling bearing; 38. Sealing ring; 39. Rotating cavity; 310. Connecting flange; 41. Stabilizing section; 42. Ultrasonic spray pipe section; 43. Acceleration section; 44. Collision chamber. ; 45. Circulation pipeline; 46. Air source; 47. Target head; 48. Product recovery unit; 100. Main circulation pipeline; 200. Particle classification device; 300. Feeding pipeline; 101. Stabilization section; 102. Supersonic spray section; 103. Acceleration section; 104. Collision chamber; 105. Circulation pipeline; 106. Air source; 107. Product recovery unit; 108. Target head; 109. Large particles; 110. Small particles. Detailed Implementation

[0037] All features disclosed in this specification, or all steps in all disclosed methods or processes, may be combined in any way, except for mutually exclusive features and / or steps.

[0038] Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any appended claims and abstract) may be replaced by other equivalent or similar features, unless specifically stated otherwise. That is, unless specifically stated otherwise, each feature is merely one example of a series of equivalent or similar features.

[0039] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a predetermined orientation, or be constructed and operated in a predetermined orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0040] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] As shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides a technical solution:

[0043] A gas-accelerated synthesis system for material preparation includes, but is not limited to, a gas source unit, a raw material addition unit, an acceleration chamber unit, a reaction chamber unit, a circulation chamber unit, and a collection chamber unit. The acceleration chamber unit, reaction chamber unit, and circulation chamber unit are interconnected to form a circulation loop. The gas source unit, raw material addition unit, and collection chamber unit are respectively connected to the circulation loop. A separation unit is also provided in the circulation loop to separate particles in the circulation loop. Large particles are separated and transported to the reaction chamber unit at a low speed, while small particles are separated and transported back to the circulation loop. The product is collected through the collection chamber unit.

[0044] Based on the above structure, this system feeds a predetermined proportion of the mixture into the entire circulation loop through the raw material addition unit. After acceleration, the mixture is separated by the separation unit. Small particles continue to run in the circulation loop at a predetermined acceleration speed, while large particles are fed into the reaction chamber unit at an almost zero speed after separation. This creates a large velocity difference between the large and small particles, allowing the small particles to collide efficiently with the large particles and improving the collision efficiency.

[0045] As an example, the acceleration chamber unit is equipped with a power regulation component. This component can adjust the acceleration speed of the airflow within the acceleration chamber, adaptively adjusting the collision speed according to the required raw material preparation. This enables high-speed, high-frequency collisions between solid-phase raw materials in a short time, allowing for controllable collision speeds of solid-phase particles. Furthermore, by changing the feed and collision positions of different component raw material particles, particle collision speeds can also be controlled, thus satisfying the distribution pattern of different component raw material particles in the target product. For example, by adjusting the collision speeds between different component particles, the depth of small particles embedded in large particles can be controlled; the target product generation efficiency is far higher than that of methods such as ball milling and grinding.

[0046] As an example, the raw material adding unit can also be equipped with a closed-loop weighing control system. The closed-loop weighing control system can realize the uniform feeding of raw materials from the storage hopper into the airflow field at a specific feeding speed, thereby completing the automatic addition of raw materials.

[0047] As an example, a temperature control unit can also be set in the circulation loop. The temperature control unit can realize precise and rapid heating of the airflow. Through feedback from different temperature sensors, the temperature distribution of the flow field can be controlled in real time to complete the solid-phase reaction at a specific temperature.

[0048] This system allows particles of different sizes to enter different flow channels and enter the supersonic flow field at different velocities. This velocity difference enhances the collision between raw materials, accelerates the solid-phase reaction process, and improves energy utilization efficiency. Simultaneously, it enables the separation and screening of target products based on particle size, sending them to the collection chamber unit for storage.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the present invention provides a technical solution:

[0051] A gas-accelerated synthesis method for material preparation specifically includes the following steps:

[0052] Step 1: Adjust relevant parameters to construct a stable and high-quality supersonic airflow field;

[0053] Step 2: The raw materials are uniformly mixed according to the mass percentage of each component in the ideal product, and then fed into the high-speed airflow of the circulation loop through the raw material addition unit;

[0054] Step 3: The raw material is accelerated by the airflow to form a gas-solid two-phase flow. During the movement, particles of different sizes are separated by the separation unit. After being separated, the large particles enter the reaction chamber unit at a low speed, while the small particles continue to circulate at a high speed in the circulation loop. The large and small particles collide with each other in the reaction unit.

[0055] Step 4: The target product that meets the requirements in the circulation pipeline is recovered by the collection chamber unit;

[0056] Step 5: Raw materials or semi-finished products that have not completed the reaction can be graded by the circulation control device and then re-enter the circulation loop airflow field to repeat the acceleration, friction, collision and bombardment.

[0057] Step Six: After completing the material preparation as required, turn off the gas source.

[0058] In step one, the gas medium in the high-quality gas flow field can be one or more of nitrogen and argon, preferably nitrogen, and more preferably argon, to avoid the formation of an oxide layer on the surface of the raw materials by oxygen, which would affect the purity of the product. At the same time, the high temperature that may be generated when the wall particles collide could cause the raw materials to react with oxygen and explode. In this scheme, the production and extraction of the target product are carried out in a specific atmosphere, with almost no impurities introduced, and the purity of the target product is high.

[0059] The overpressure environment provided by this invention ensures that the raw materials are in a specific atmosphere during the synthesis process, thus preventing oxidation reactions of the raw materials, especially highly reactive metal raw materials, by oxygen. Therefore, it is also suitable for synthesizing organic and inorganic materials, and for completing low-temperature solid-phase reactions with different combinations of single and multiple components.

[0060] Step 3: A target head can be set in the reaction unit. Particles of different sizes will collide with the target head in the reaction chamber and bounce back to collide with the upstream raw materials a second time, realizing the conversion of mechanical energy into chemical energy or internal energy to complete the solid-phase reaction.

[0061] This scheme can simultaneously support the operation of reaction systems with similar and dissimilar materials. It allows for adjustment of circulation loop parameters based on the type of raw materials and enables the classification and screening of post-reaction mixtures. This innovation provides excellent energy to meet the needs of various solid-phase reactions, enabling the preparation of materials with different structures. The device's operating parameters are controllable and adjustable. The reaction process can be monitored online or directly sampled to characterize the physicochemical properties of intermediate products, obtain the evolution of the reaction pathway, and achieve macroscopic and microscopic studies of the gas-accelerated synthesis process, optimizing the control of preparation parameters.

[0062] Example 3

[0063] Based on the above embodiment 1, this solution provides a more specific structure.

[0064] As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the present invention provides a technical solution:

[0065] A gas-accelerated synthesis system for material preparation includes a main circulation pipeline 100, a particle classification device 200, and a feed pipe 300. A particle acceleration structure is provided in the main circulation pipeline 100. The particle classification device is connected to the main circulation pipeline 100. One end of the feed pipe is connected to the coarse particle separation outlet of the particle classification device, and the other end extends into the particle collision section of the main circulation pipeline 100.

[0066] Based on the above structure, the particles in the main circulation pipeline 100 are accelerated by a particle acceleration structure. A particle classification device separates coarse particles in the main circulation pipeline 100, and the separated particles enter the particle collision section of the main circulation pipeline 100 through the feed pipe 300. Small particles 110 are accelerated to supersonic speeds in the main circulation pipeline 100, while large particles 109 enter the particle collision section with zero initial velocity. This creates a greater velocity difference between the small particles 110 and the large particles 109, thereby increasing the relative velocity difference between particles of different sizes. This resolves the contradiction that small velocity differences prevent the bombardment construction of embedded injection structures. This improves the yield and efficiency of embedded structure particles in the composite powder.

[0067] As an example, the main circulation pipeline 100 may include a stabilization section 101, a supersonic jet section 102, an acceleration section 103, a collision chamber 104, a circulation pipeline 105, and an air source 106; the stabilization section 101, the supersonic jet section 102, the acceleration section 103, the collision chamber 104, and the circulation pipeline 105 are sequentially connected to form a loop; the air source 106 is located on the front side wall of the stabilization section 101, and a particle classification device is connected to the circulation pipeline 105. The particle classification device includes multiple outlet ends, including at least a fine particle outlet and a coarse particle outlet; the coarse particle outlet is connected to the feed pipeline 300; the fine particle outlet is connected to the circulation pipeline 105; the outlet end of the feed pipeline 300 extends into the collision chamber 104.

[0068] A product recovery device 107 may also be installed in the main circulation pipeline 100. The product recovery device 107 is installed in the circulation pipeline 105 and is used to recover the embedded structure particles of the composite powder that meet the conditions.

[0069] As a more specific embodiment, the particle classification device may be provided with a product particle outlet, which is connected to the product recovery unit 107.

[0070] In this embodiment, the stabilization section 101 is used to control the energy of the supersonic airflow; the supersonic nozzle is used to accelerate the airflow to supersonic speed; the acceleration section 103 is used to accelerate particles; the collision chamber 104 is used for collision reactions of different raw materials; the classification device is used to separate particles of different sizes; the product recovery device 107 is used to recover products that meet the conditions; the circulation pipe 105 is used for repeated circulation collisions of solid particles that do not meet the requirements; the air source 106 is used to provide power for the airflow of the device; and the discharge pipe 300 is used for large-diameter particles separated from the classification device to enter the collision chamber 104.

[0071] As an example, the outlet end of the feed pipe 300 is positioned close to the airflow axis of the accelerated particle stream.

[0072] Based on the above structure, extending the feed pipe 300 into the collision chamber 104, especially to the axis of the particle flow, can ensure that after the large particles 109 are fed into the collision chamber 104 from the outlet, they can collide with the small particles 110 that have a higher velocity due to their proximity to the core flow, thereby improving the expansion efficiency.

[0073] As an example, the end of the discharge pipe 300 extending into the collision chamber 104 has a streamlined shape, and the discharge pipe 300 can be set perpendicular to the streamline of the accelerated particle stream.

[0074] Based on the above structure, setting the end of the feed pipe 300 to be streamlined can avoid generating complex wave systems that affect the supersonic flow characteristics of the small particles 110; at the same time, feeding the feed pipe in a direction perpendicular to the particle flow can make the fed large particles 109 have a lower axial velocity, thus making the particle flow velocity difference between the large and small particles 110 greater.

[0075] As an example, a target head 108 can be set in the collision chamber 104. The target head 108 is located downstream of the feed pipe 300. The target head 108 is determined by the CFD theory calculation to establish a uniform flow field. This position will not cause airflow blockage.

[0076] Based on the above structure, in order to increase collision efficiency, a target head 108 is set at the downstream position of the feeding pipe 300. After some particles collide with the target head 108, they rebound and collide with the upstream particles a second time, increasing the collision probability and effect. At the same time, the position of the target head 108 is specially set. If the target head 108 is too close to the outlet of the feeding pipe 300, the shock wave in front of the target head 108 will cause a sudden jump in the outlet pressure, affecting the feeding of large particles 109 in the feeding pipe 300. If the distance is too far, the large particles 109 in the feeding pipe 300 will bypass the target head 108 and fly downstream, unable to collide with small particles 110. Therefore, it is necessary to use CFD theory calculation to establish a uniform flow field to determine the collision efficiency.

[0077] As an example, the outlet of the feeding pipe 300 can be a supersonic airflow in the opposite direction of the airflow. In this case, the outlet needs to be close to the airflow axis, and since the outlet faces the wind, a drive unit needs to be set up to drive the large particles 109 to be fed into the collision chamber 104 from the outlet.

[0078] As an example, the inner wall of the feeding pipe 300 should be smooth and without steps to avoid the accumulation of solid particles and affect the raw material ratio; and the feeding pipe 300 should be arranged vertically as much as possible to ensure that large particles 109 can obtain a better effect of flowing with the airflow to the collision chamber 104 through gravity.

[0079] The inner surface of the feed pipe 300 from the particle classifier 200 to the outlet should be designed to be straight or gradually narrow, and the inlet pressure of the pipe at the particle classifier 200 should be greater than the outlet pressure, i.e., a pressure gradient, to ensure the airflow direction and allow large particles 109 to pass smoothly through the pipe into the collision chamber 104.

[0080] Example 4

[0081] Based on the above embodiment 1, this solution provides a more specific structure.

[0082] As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the present invention provides a technical solution:

[0083] A gas-accelerated synthesis system for material preparation includes, but is not limited to, a reverse-gas spiral powder feeding device and a main circulation pipeline 4. The main circulation pipeline 4 may include a stabilization section 41, a supersonic jet section 42, an acceleration section 43, a collision chamber 44, a circulation pipe 45, and a gas source 46. The stabilization section 41, the supersonic jet section 42, the acceleration section 43, and the collision chamber 44 are connected in sequence. The circulation pipeline is connected to the collision chamber 44 and the stabilization section 41, respectively. The gas source 46 is disposed on the pipe wall on the side of the stabilization section 41. The inlet end of the reverse-gas spiral powder feeding device is connected to the circulation pipeline, and the outlet end of the reverse-gas spiral powder feeding device is inserted into the collision chamber 44.

[0084] Based on the above structure, the stabilization section 41 is used to control the energy of the supersonic airflow; the supersonic nozzle is used to accelerate the airflow to supersonic speed; the acceleration section 43 is used for particle acceleration; the collision chamber 44 is used for collision reactions of different raw materials; the circulation pipe 45 is used for repeated cyclic collisions of solid particles that do not meet the requirements; and the gas source 46 is used to provide power for the airflow of the device. In this scheme, the existing main circulation pipe 4 is used to circulate fine particulate matter, and then, in conjunction with the reverse air spiral powder feeding device, coarse particulate matter is circulated to realize a dual-circulation collision system. At the same time, coarse particulate matter is sent into the collision chamber 44 with an initial velocity of zero to collide with the high-speed fine particles in the main circulation pipe 4. At this time, the coarse particles have a very small velocity, that is, there is a large velocity difference between large and small particles, which is conducive to the fine particles colliding into the coarse particles.

[0085] As an example, the central axis of the end of the powder feeding pipe 33 of the reverse air spiral powder feeding device is coaxially arranged with the pipeline formed by the stabilizing section 41, the supersonic spray pipe section 42, and the acceleration section 43.

[0086] Based on the above structure, by setting the outlet end of the coarse particles to be coaxial with the center of the particle flow formed by the acceleration of fine particles, the coarse particles with an initial velocity of zero can collide with the accelerated fine particles as much as possible, thereby improving the collision efficiency and making it more conducive for the fine particles to collide into the coarse particles.

[0087] As an example, the diameter of the powder feeding pipe 33 is the same as the output pipe diameter of the gas source 46, and the outlet end of the powder feeding pipe 33 is directly opposite the output pipe of the gas source 46.

[0088] Based on the above structure, the powder feeding pipe 33 delivers coarse particles through the spiral feeding rod 32. At this time, the discharge position of the coarse particles in the collision chamber 44 is at the edge contour of the powder feeding pipe 33. The powder feeding pipe 33 is directly opposite the air source 46, and the diameter of the two pipes is the same, which can enable the coarse particles to collide with the high-speed fine particles more efficiently.

[0089] As an example, the location of the outlet end of the powder feeding pipe 33 was determined by CFD calculation to establish a uniform flow field, and it is a location that will not cause airflow blockage.

[0090] Based on the above structure, the position of the outlet end of the powder feeding pipe 33 needs to be specially set. This is because if the outlet end of the powder feeding pipe 33 is too close to the air inlet of the collision chamber 44, the shock wave formed at the outlet end will enter the acceleration section 43, resulting in excessively high back pressure in the collision chamber 44, which will affect the establishment of the upstream supersonic flow field. If the distance between the front of the powder feeding pipe 33 and the air inlet of the collision chamber 44 is too far, the collision probability between coarse particles and high-speed fine particles will decrease significantly, reducing the preparation efficiency. Therefore, the position needs to be determined by CFD theoretical calculation to establish a uniform flow field, and this position will not cause airflow blockage.

[0091] Example 5

[0092] As shown in Figures 6 and 7, this scheme underwent verification experiments based on the system of Embodiment 1.

[0093] The flow field control unit was activated, and the airflow pressure entering the supersonic nozzle was stabilized at 1.5 MPa, forming a high-speed stable flow field. 10 g of aluminum powder and 5 g of nickel powder were mixed in a beaker and poured into a storage hopper, with the feeding rate set to 10 g / min. The aluminum powder had a particle size D90 of 10 μm, and the nickel powder had a particle size D90 of 1 μm. The raw materials entered the high-speed flow field under the influence of the feeding airflow, completing a cyclic collision. After the device ran for 10 minutes, the product was collected in the graded recovery unit. The product was then filtered through a vacuum filter to separate any unreacted nickel powder residue. The crystal structure of the product was characterized using X-ray diffraction, and the results are shown in Figure 3. As shown in Figure 3, the characteristic peaks of the product prepared in Example 1 did not show significant shifts, and no other unlabeled characteristic peaks appeared, indicating that the product did not undergo chemical reaction or alloying. The microstructure of the product was characterized using scanning electron microscopy, and the results are shown in Figure 4. The product prepared in Example 1 is spherical. As can be seen from the FIB image, the small-diameter nickel powder is embedded inside the large-diameter aluminum powder under gas acceleration, forming a hierarchical structure.

[0094] Example 6

[0095] As shown in Figures 8 and 9, based on the system of Embodiment 1, this scheme underwent another verification experiment.

[0096] The flow field control unit was activated, and the airflow pressure entering the supersonic nozzle was stabilized at 1.5 MPa, forming a high-speed stable flow field. 10 g of aluminum powder and 5 g of tungsten powder were mixed in a beaker and poured into a storage hopper, with the feeding rate set to 10 g / min. The aluminum powder had a particle size D90 of 100 μm, and the tungsten powder had a particle size D90 of 3 μm. The raw materials entered the high-speed flow field under the influence of the feeding airflow, completing a cyclic collision. After the device ran for 10 minutes, the product was collected in the graded recovery unit. The product was then filtered through a vacuum filter to separate any unreacted tungsten powder residue. The crystal structure of the product was characterized using X-ray diffraction, and the results are shown in Figure 5. As shown in Figure 5, the characteristic peaks of the product prepared in Example 2 did not show significant shifts, and no other unlabeled characteristic peaks appeared, indicating that the product did not undergo chemical reaction or alloying. The microstructure of the product was characterized using scanning electron microscopy, and the results are shown in Figure 6. The product prepared in Example 2 is spherical. As can be seen from the FIB image, the small-diameter tungsten powder is embedded inside the large-diameter aluminum powder under gas acceleration, forming a hierarchical structure.

[0097] Example 7

[0098] Based on the system in Example 1, this scheme underwent another verification experiment.

[0099] The flow field control unit was activated, and the airflow pressure entering the supersonic nozzle was stabilized at 1.5 MPa, forming a high-speed, stable flow field. 11.4 g of ammonium persulfate and 6.5 g of aniline hydrochloride solid particles were mixed evenly and poured into the storage hopper, with the feeding rate set to 5 g / min. The raw materials entered the high-speed flow field under the influence of the feed airflow, completing a cyclic collision. After 7 minutes of operation, the product was collected in the fractionation and recovery unit. The product was purified using ultra-water and anhydrous ethanol to remove unreacted raw materials, and then vacuum dried to obtain the final product.

[0100] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. This method is also applicable to the preparation and synthesis of other materials. It does not have strict requirements on raw materials, and the synthesis process is highly efficient, energy-saving, and pollution-free. It does not introduce impurities, and the product has high purity, making it suitable for large-scale industrial production.

Claims

1. A gas-accelerated synthesis system for material preparation, comprising a gas source unit, a raw material addition unit, an acceleration chamber unit, a reaction chamber unit, a circulation chamber unit, and a collection chamber unit; wherein the acceleration chamber unit, the reaction chamber unit, and the circulation chamber unit are interconnected to form a circulation loop, and the gas source unit, the raw material addition unit, and the collection chamber unit are respectively connected to the circulation loop; characterized in that: A separation unit is also provided in the circulation loop to separate particles in the circulation loop. Large particles are separated and conveyed to the reaction chamber unit at low speed, while small particles are separated and conveyed back to the circulation loop. The product is collected through the collection chamber unit. The separation unit includes a particle classification device and a feeding pipe. The particle classification device is connected to the circulation loop, and one end of the feeding pipe is connected to the coarse particle separation outlet of the particle classification device, while the other end extends into the reaction chamber unit of the circulation loop. A target head is provided in the connecting chamber, and the target head is located downstream of the feeding pipe. The position of the target head is determined by CFD theory calculation to establish a uniform flow field, and this position will not cause airflow blockage. A closed-loop weighing control system is provided in the raw material addition unit to realize the uniform feeding of raw materials from the storage hopper into the airflow field at a predetermined feeding rate, thus completing the automatic addition of raw materials. The separation unit includes a reverse-air spiral powder feeding device. The inlet end of the reverse-air spiral powder feeding device is connected to the circulation loop, and the outlet end of the reverse-air spiral powder feeding device is inserted into the reaction chamber unit.

2. The gas-accelerated synthesis system for material preparation as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The acceleration chamber unit is equipped with a power adjustment component, which is used to adjust the acceleration speed of the airflow in the acceleration chamber and can be adaptively adjusted according to the collision speed required for the preparation of the raw materials.

3. The gas-accelerated synthesis system for material preparation as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The circulation loop is also equipped with a temperature control unit, which can adjust the airflow temperature and control the flow field temperature distribution in real time through feedback from different temperature sensors to complete the solid-phase reaction at the predetermined temperature.

4. A method based on the gas-accelerated synthesis system for material preparation according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: Specifically, the following steps are included: Step 1: Adjust relevant parameters to construct a stable and high-quality supersonic airflow field; Step 2: Mix the raw materials uniformly according to the mass percentage of each component in the ideal product, and send them into the high-speed airflow of the circulation loop through the raw material addition unit; Step 3: The raw materials accelerate with the airflow to form a gas-solid two-phase flow. During the movement, particles of different sizes are separated by the separation unit. After being separated, the large particles enter the reaction chamber unit at a low speed, while the small particles continue to circulate at high speed in the circulation loop. Large and small particles collide with each other in the reaction unit; Step 4: The target product that meets the requirements in the circulation pipeline is recovered by the collection chamber unit; Step 5: Raw materials or semi-finished products that have not completed the reaction can be re-entered into the circulation loop airflow field after being classified by the circulation control device for repeated acceleration, friction, collision, and bombardment; Step 6: After the material preparation is completed as required, turn off the gas source.

5. The gas-accelerated synthesis method for material preparation as described in claim 4, characterized in that: In step one, the gas medium in the high-quality gas flow field is an inert gas.

6. The gas-accelerated synthesis method for material preparation as described in claim 4, characterized in that: In step two: the raw material is one or more of the following: elemental powders of aluminum, nickel, tungsten, copper, iron, zinc, titanium, calcium, zinc, lithium, carbon, silicon, phosphorus, and sulfur, or oxides, sulfates, nitrates, acetates, carbonates, chlorides, or hydrates of metals.

7. The gas-accelerated synthesis method for material preparation as described in claim 4, characterized in that: Step 3: A target is set in the reaction unit. Particles of different sizes will collide with the target in the reaction chamber and bounce off to collide with the upstream raw materials a second time, realizing the conversion of mechanical energy into chemical energy or internal energy to complete the solid-phase reaction.

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