System for synergistic energy storage in flue gas pressurized decarbonization and power generation system

Abstract

The present invention provides a system for synergistic energy storage in flue gas pressurized decarbonization and a power generation system, belonging to the technical fields of power generation and energy storage. It includes: a pressurized decarbonization module for pressurizing and decarbonizing flue gas; a compressed energy storage module for recompressing the flue gas after pressurized decarbonization to form high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas and storing it; a second power generation module for supplying power to the power grid, and when the power generation amount is greater than the actual power consumption of the power grid, supplying power to the pressurized decarbonization module and the compressed energy storage module; a turbine power generation module for generating power by using the flue gas after pressurized decarbonization and / or high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas when the power generation amount of the second power generation module is less than the actual power consumption of the power grid, so that the sum of the power generation amounts of the turbine power generation module and the second power generation module is equal to the actual power consumption of the power grid; a heat energy recycling module for reducing the temperature of the flue gas after pressurized decarbonization and heating the flue gas when the turbine power generation module generates power. The present invention has high energy utilization efficiency, low energy consumption and cost, small pollution, and can reduce carbon emissions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of thermal power generation, and particularly to a system for synergistic energy storage by pressurized carbon dioxide removal from flue gas and a power generation system. Background Art

[0002] Currently, carbon emissions generated due to energy consumption are approximately 9.7 billion tons per year. Among them, carbon emissions from coal account for 78%, and about 52% of the carbon emissions from coal come from thermal power generation. In order to reduce carbon emissions, currently, the proportion of clean energy power generation is increased, and at the same time, carbon dioxide in the flue gas generated by thermal power generation is decarbonized to reduce the overall carbon emissions.

[0003] However, due to the instability of clean energy power generation and the problem of difficult consumption, resulting in energy waste, it has also been proposed to store energy by compressing the flue gas of thermal power units to consume clean energy power generation. For example, Chinese Patent CN111463806B discloses compressing and storing energy from the tail gas of a coal-fired power station. Its system is a closed system, and the CO2 gas containing a small amount of N2 extracted from the flue gas of the coal-fired power station circulates and compresses for energy storage / expansion power generation in the system, which cannot reduce carbon emissions; in addition, the current carbon adsorption technology mainly uses a chemical absorption method (MED) mainly based on composite amines for decarbonization. For example, Chinese Patent CN114015475A discloses using the MED method to capture carbon dioxide in the tail gas of an IGCC boiler. However, its system needs to set up a carbon dioxide absorption tower and a regeneration tower, and uses the heat of the compressed flue gas as the heat source of the regeneration tower. Since part of the compression heat of the gas is used for the regeneration of the carbon dioxide absorption liquid, the system energy consumption is relatively large and the energy storage efficiency is low. Generally speaking, the MED method has high energy consumption and potential amine pollution. At the same time, the flue gas of thermal power plants has characteristics such as low CO2 partial pressure and large flue gas volume. Using the MED method in thermal power plants has disadvantages such as large system investment funds and high capture costs, which hinders its development in the field of carbon dioxide removal from flue gas of thermal power plants. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a system for synergistic energy storage by pressurized carbon dioxide removal from flue gas and a power generation system to solve the above problems of unstable clean energy power generation, difficult consumption, resulting in energy waste; and the problems of high energy consumption, potential amine pollution, large system investment funds, and high capture costs of the MED decarbonization method.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the embodiments of the present invention provide a system for synergistic energy storage by pressurized carbon dioxide removal from flue gas, and the system includes:

[0006] A pressurized carbon dioxide removal module for pressurized carbon dioxide removal from flue gas;

[0007] A compression energy storage module, connected to the flue gas output end of the pressurized decarbonization module, is used to recompress the flue gas after pressurized decarbonization to form high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas, and store the high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas;

[0008] A second power generation module, used to supply power to the power grid. The second power generation module is connected to the pressurized decarbonization module and the compression energy storage module, and is used to supply power to the pressurized decarbonization module and the compression energy storage module when the power generation amount is greater than the actual power consumption of the power grid;

[0009] A turbine power generation module, connected to the flue gas output end of the pressurized decarbonization module and the flue gas output end of the compression energy storage module, is used to generate electricity using the flue gas after pressurized decarbonization and / or high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas when the power generation amount of the second power generation module is less than the actual power consumption of the power grid, so that the sum of the power generation amounts of the turbine power generation module and the second power generation module is equal to the actual power consumption of the power grid;

[0010] A thermal energy recycling module, connected to the pressurized decarbonization module and the turbine power generation module, is used to reduce the temperature of the flue gas after pressurized decarbonization to recover the thermal energy generated during compression, and is used to heat the flue gas after pressurized decarbonization and / or high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas when the turbine power generation module generates electricity.

[0011] Optionally, the second power generation module includes at least one of a wind power generation system, a solar power generation system, a tidal power generation system, and a thermal power generation system.

[0012] Optionally, the pressurized decarbonization module includes:

[0013] A first flue gas compression unit, a steam-water separator, an adsorption dehumidification unit, and an adsorption decarbonization unit arranged in sequence along the flue gas flow direction;

[0014] The first flue gas compression unit is used to compress the flue gas to obtain primary compressed gas;

[0015] The steam-water separator is used to remove the liquid water in the primary compressed gas;

[0016] The adsorption dehumidification unit is used to remove the gaseous water in the primary compressed gas;

[0017] The adsorption decarbonization unit is used to remove the carbon dioxide in the primary compressed gas.

[0018] Optionally, the adsorption decarbonization unit is a molecular sieve adsorption tower.

[0019] Optionally, the compression energy storage module includes:

[0020] A second flue gas compression unit and a compressed flue gas storage tank arranged in sequence along the flue gas flow direction;

[0021] The second flue gas compression unit is used to recompress the primary compressed gas after pressurized decarbonization to obtain a high-temperature and high-pressure gas;

[0022] The compressed flue gas storage tank is used to store the high-temperature and high-pressure gas.

[0023] Optionally, the heat energy recycling module includes:

[0024] A cooler, arranged at the flue gas output end of the pressurized decarbonization module, is used to heat the heat conduction medium by using the heat energy generated when the pressurized decarbonization module compresses the flue gas, reduce the temperature of the flue gas after pressurized decarbonization, so as to recover the heat energy generated during compression;

[0025] A heater, arranged at the flue gas input end of the turbine power generation module, is used to heat the flue gas after pressurized decarbonization and / or high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas entering the turbine power generation module. The medium inlet of the heater is connected to the medium outlet of the cooler, and the medium outlet of the heater is connected to the medium inlet of the cooler;

[0026] A heat storage tank, the medium inlet of the heat storage tank is connected to the medium outlet of the cooler, and the medium outlet of the heat storage tank is connected to the medium inlet of the heater, and is used to store the heat conduction medium after heat absorption;

[0027] A cold storage tank, the medium inlet of the cold storage tank is connected to the medium outlet of the heater, and the medium outlet of the cold storage tank is connected to the medium inlet of the cooler, and is used to store the heat conduction medium after heat release.

[0028] Optionally, the heat conduction medium includes one of water, inorganic salt solution, organic polymer solution and ionic liquid.

[0029] Optionally, the power output end of the turbine power generation module is connected to the pressurized decarbonization module and the compressed energy storage module. The turbine power generation module is also used to generate electricity by using the flue gas after pressurized decarbonization and / or high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas when the power generation amount of the second power generation module is less than or equal to the actual power consumption of the power grid, and supply power to the pressurized decarbonization module and the compressed energy storage module.

[0030] Optionally, the turbine power generation module is specifically used for:

[0031] When the difference between the actual power consumption of the power grid and the power generation amount of the second power generation module is less than a preset threshold, generate electricity by using the flue gas after pressurized decarbonization;

[0032] When the difference between the actual power consumption of the power grid and the power generation amount of the second power generation module is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, generate electricity by using the high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas.

[0033] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a power generation system, which includes a thermal power unit and the above-mentioned flue gas pressurization decarbonization and energy storage system, and the flue gas outlet of the thermal power unit is connected to the flue gas pressurization decarbonization and energy storage system.

[0034] This technical solution compresses and stores energy with flue gas and uses flue gas for power generation to achieve co-generation with clean energy, which can ensure the stability of the power grid. At the same time, by making full use of the heat energy in the flue gas, the energy utilization rate is improved and energy waste is reduced. In addition, before using flue gas for power generation, the excess electric energy of clean energy is used to adsorb carbon dioxide in the flue gas, which has low energy consumption, low cost and small pollution, and can effectively reduce carbon emissions.

[0035] Other features and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail in the subsequent specific implementation section. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] The drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following specific implementation, they are used to explain the embodiments of the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation to the embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0037] Figure 1 is a structural block diagram of the first flue gas pressurization decarbonization and energy storage system provided by the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the flue gas pressurization decarbonization and energy storage system in an embodiment provided by the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the flue gas pressurization decarbonization and energy storage system in another embodiment provided by the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 is a structural block diagram of the second flue gas pressurization decarbonization and energy storage system provided by the present invention.

[0041] DESCRIPTION OF THE REFERENCE NUMERALS

[0042] 1 - Pressurization and decarbonization module; 2 - Compressed energy storage module; 3 - Turbine power generation module;

[0043] 4 - Thermal energy recycling module; 5 - Second power generation module; 11 - First flue gas compression unit;

[0044] 12 - Steam-water separator; 13 - Adsorption and dehumidification unit; 14 - Adsorption and decarbonization unit;

[0045] 21 - Second flue gas compression unit; 22 - Compressed flue gas storage tank; 41 - Cooler;

[0046] 42 - Heater; 43 - Heat storage tank; 44 - Cold storage tank. Specific embodiments

[0047] The following further elaborates on the specific embodiments of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for the purpose of illustrating and explaining the embodiments of the present invention, and are not used to limit the embodiments of the present invention.

[0048] In the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise stated, the orientation terms such as "upper, lower, left, right" generally refer to the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the invention product is usually placed during use.

[0049] The terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used for distinguishing descriptions, and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0050] The terms "parallel", "perpendicular", etc. do not mean that the components are required to be absolutely parallel or perpendicular, but can be slightly inclined. For example, "parallel" only means that its direction is more parallel relative to "perpendicular", and does not mean that the structure must be completely parallel, but can be slightly inclined.

[0051] The terms "horizontal", "vertical", "hanging", etc. do not mean that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal, vertical or hanging, but can be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly inclined.

[0052] In addition, terms such as "substantially", "basically", etc. are intended to indicate that the relevant content does not require absolute precision, but can have a certain deviation. For example: "substantially equal" does not only mean absolute equality. Since it is difficult to achieve absolute "equality" during actual production and operation processes, there is generally a certain deviation. Therefore, in addition to absolute equality, "substantially equal" also includes the above-mentioned situations with a certain deviation. Taking this as an example, in other cases, unless otherwise specified, terms such as "substantially", "basically", etc. have meanings similar to the above.

[0053] In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "installed", "connected", "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0054] Figure 1It is the structural block diagram of the first system for synergistic energy storage with flue gas pressurization and decarbonization provided by the present invention; Figure 2 It is the structural schematic diagram of a system for synergistic energy storage with flue gas pressurization and decarbonization in an embodiment provided by the present invention; Figure 3 It is the structural schematic diagram of a system for synergistic energy storage with flue gas pressurization and decarbonization in another embodiment provided by the present invention; Figure 4 It is the structural block diagram of the second system for synergistic energy storage with flue gas pressurization and decarbonization provided by the present invention.

[0055] As Figure 1 shown, this embodiment provides a system for synergistic energy storage with flue gas pressurization and decarbonization. The system includes:

[0056] A pressurized decarbonization module 1, the flue gas input end of the pressurized decarbonization module 1 is connected to the flue gas output end of the flue gas source, and is used for pressurizing and decarbonizing the incoming flue gas, mainly for removing water and carbon dioxide molecules in the flue gas;

[0057] A compressed energy storage module 2, connected to the flue gas output end of the pressurized decarbonization module 1, is used for recompressing the flue gas after pressurized decarbonization to form high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas, and for storing the high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas;

[0058] A second power generation module 5, used for supplying power to the power grid. The second power generation module 5 is connected to the pressurized decarbonization module 1 and the compressed energy storage module 2, and is used for supplying power to the pressurized decarbonization module 1 and the compressed energy storage module 2 when the generated electricity is greater than the actual electricity consumption of the power grid;

[0059] A turbine power generation module 3, connected to the flue gas output end of the pressurized decarbonization module 1 and the flue gas output end of the compressed energy storage module 2, is used for generating electricity by using the flue gas after pressurized decarbonization and / or high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas when the generated electricity of the second power generation module 5 is less than the actual electricity consumption of the power grid, so that the sum of the generated electricity of the turbine power generation module 3 and the second power generation module 5 is equal to the actual electricity consumption of the power grid;

[0060] A heat energy recycling module 4, connected to the pressurized decarbonization module 1 and the turbine power generation module 3, is used for reducing the temperature of the flue gas after pressurized decarbonization to recover the heat energy generated during compression, and for heating the flue gas after pressurized decarbonization and / or high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas when the turbine power generation module 3 generates electricity.

[0061] Specifically, the second power generation module 5 includes at least one of a wind power generation system, a solar power generation system, a tidal power generation system, and a thermal power generation system. However, due to the instability of the second power generation module 5, there are fluctuations in the power generation amount. Therefore, when the power generation amount of the second power generation module 5 is greater than the actual power consumption of the power grid, the excess electric energy is supplied to the pressurized decarbonization module 1 and the compressed energy storage module 2 to reduce the waste of electric energy, and thus the electric energy is converted into internal energy. So that when the power generation amount of the second power generation module 5 is less than the actual power consumption of the power grid, the turbine power generation module 3 uses the flue gas after pressurized decarbonization and / or high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas for power generation, so that the sum of the power generation amounts of the turbine power generation module 3 and the second power generation module 5 is equal to the actual power consumption of the power grid. In this process, in order to improve the power generation efficiency and the utilization rate of energy, a heat energy recycling module 4 is set up. The heat energy recycling module 4 is connected to the pressurized decarbonization module 1 and the turbine power generation module 3, and is used to reduce the temperature of the flue gas after pressurized decarbonization to recover the heat energy generated during compression, and is used to heat the flue gas after pressurized decarbonization and / or high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas when the turbine power generation module 3 generates power. The turbine power generation module 3 can adopt a single-stage or multi-stage expander, and the inlet pressure range is between 0.5 and 10 MPa. After the flue gas passes through the turbine power generation module 3 for power generation, it is discharged outward through the chimney.

[0062] Further, as Figure 2 shown, the pressurized decarbonization module 1 includes:

[0063] A first flue gas compression unit 11, a steam-water separator 12, an adsorption dehumidification unit 13, and an adsorption decarbonization unit 14 arranged in sequence along the flue gas flow direction;

[0064] The first flue gas compression unit 11 is used to compress the flue gas to obtain a primary compressed gas;

[0065] The steam-water separator 12 is used to remove the liquid water in the primary compressed gas;

[0066] The adsorption dehumidification unit 13 is used to remove the gaseous water in the primary compressed gas;

[0067] The adsorption decarbonization unit 14 is used to remove the carbon dioxide in the primary compressed gas.

[0068] Specifically, in this embodiment, the first flue gas compression unit 11 can be set to include a single-stage or multi-stage parallel medium and low-pressure compressor with a compressor flow rate of 2000 Nm3 / h and an outlet pressure range between 0.5 and 2 MPa; the steam-water separator 12 adopts a physical separation method, and the filter element adopts one or more of stainless steel wire mesh, glass fiber or sponge layer to separate the liquid water in the compressed gas; the adsorption dehumidification unit 13 adopts an adsorption removal method, and the adsorbent adopts one or more of activated carbon and activated molecular sieve to separate the gaseous water in the compressed gas; the adsorption decarbonization unit 14 adopts an adsorption removal method, and the adsorbent adopts one or more of activated molecular sieve and dry adsorbent to separate the carbon dioxide in the compressed gas. Through the above solution, the flue gas is first pressurized, then dehydrated and decarbonized with molecular sieve, and finally expanded to do work and then the tail gas is released. Except for system losses, the gas compression energy is basically all used for expansion to do work, reducing the system energy consumption and improving the energy conversion efficiency. In the prior art, MED uses organic amines to adsorb carbon dioxide in the flue gas at low temperature and desorb at high temperature to achieve the separation and purification of carbon dioxide in the flue gas. However, the MED method has high energy consumption. During the desorption process of the carbon dioxide-rich adsorption liquid, a large amount of heat is required to desorb carbon dioxide from the adsorption liquid, and the required steam consumption is about 2.4 - 3.0 GJ / ton CO2; while using the pressurized molecular sieve technology in this solution, when the molecular sieve in the adsorption tank selectively adsorbs carbon dioxide to saturation, the adsorption tank is switched, and the high-pressure adsorption tank rich in carbon dioxide is connected to an atmospheric pressure container, and the carbon dioxide in the tank will automatically escape and enrich into the atmospheric pressure container. The residual carbon dioxide in the molecular sieve can be carried away by a small amount of steam from the thermal power plant, and pure carbon dioxide can be obtained after drying. The system does not require a large amount of heat source as support, and the energy consumption of the whole system can be reduced by about 80% compared with the MED method, achieving a good energy-saving effect.

[0069] In one embodiment, as Figure 2 shown, the adsorption dehumidification unit 13 is provided with a single activated carbon adsorption tower, and the activated carbon material is replaced regularly; the adsorption decarbonization unit 14 is a molecular sieve adsorption tower, and two are provided, one in use and one in reserve. At the same time, a carbon dioxide detection unit is provided at the outlet of the adsorption decarbonization unit 14. When the carbon dioxide detection unit detects that the carbon dioxide in the flue gas at the outlet of the adsorption decarbonization unit 14 exceeds the limit value, the molecular sieve adsorption tower is switched. The molecular sieve adsorption tower that has adsorbed carbon dioxide is depressurized and exhausted, and the carbon dioxide gas remaining in the molecular sieve is washed out by a small amount of steam from the thermal power plant. After the tail gas is further dehumidified by the activated carbon adsorption tower, it enters the carbon dioxide recycling system.

[0070] Furthermore, the compressed energy storage module 2 includes:

[0071] a second flue gas compression unit 21 and a compressed flue gas storage tank 22 arranged in sequence along the flue gas flow direction;

[0072] The second flue gas compression unit 21 is used to recompress the primary compressed gas after pressurized decarbonization to obtain a high-temperature and high-pressure gas;

[0073] The compressed flue gas storage tank 22 is used to store the high-temperature and high-pressure gas.

[0074] Specifically, it includes a single-stage or multi-stage medium-pressure compressor, and the outlet pressure range is between 1.6 and 10 MPa; the compressed flue gas storage tank 22 has a heat preservation function and can realize the storage of high-temperature and high-pressure gases.

[0075] In one embodiment, as Figure 2 shown, the thermal energy recycling module 4 only includes:

[0076] A cooler 41, arranged at the flue gas output end of the pressurized decarbonization module 1, is used to heat the heat-conducting medium by using the thermal energy generated when the pressurized decarbonization module 1 compresses the flue gas, reduce the temperature of the flue gas after pressurized decarbonization, so as to recover the thermal energy generated during compression;

[0077] A heater 42, arranged at the flue gas input end of the turbine power generation module 3, is used to heat the flue gas after pressurized decarbonization and / or high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas entering the turbine power generation module 3. The medium inlet of the heater 42 is connected to the medium outlet of the cooler 41, and the medium outlet of the heater 42 is connected to the medium inlet of the cooler 41.

[0078] In this way, the arranged cooler 41 cools the flue gas, absorbs heat, thereby heating the heat-conducting medium, and transports the heated heat-conducting medium to the heater 42. The heater 42 heats the flue gas after pressurized decarbonization and / or high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas entering the turbine power generation module 3, thereby improving the power generation efficiency.

[0079] In one embodiment, as Figure 3 shown, the thermal energy recycling module 4 not only includes:

[0080] A cooler 41, arranged at the flue gas output end of the pressurized decarbonization module 1, is used to heat the heat-conducting medium by using the thermal energy generated when the pressurized decarbonization module 1 compresses the flue gas, reduce the temperature of the flue gas after pressurized decarbonization, so as to recover the thermal energy generated during compression;

[0081] A heater 42, arranged at the flue gas input end of the turbine power generation module 3, is used to heat the flue gas after pressurized decarbonization and / or high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas entering the turbine power generation module 3. The medium inlet of the heater 42 is connected to the medium outlet of the cooler 41, and the medium outlet of the heater 42 is connected to the medium inlet of the cooler 41;

[0082] It further includes:

[0083] A heat storage tank 43, the medium inlet of the heat storage tank 43 is connected to the medium outlet of the cooler 41, and the medium outlet of the heat storage tank 43 is connected to the medium inlet of the heater 42, for storing the heat-conducting medium after heat absorption;

[0084] A cold storage tank 44, the medium inlet of the cold storage tank 44 is connected to the medium outlet of the heater 42, and the medium outlet of the cold storage tank 44 is connected to the medium inlet of the cooler 41, for storing the heat-conducting medium after heat release.

[0085] Specifically, in this embodiment, the provided heat storage tank 43 can store the heated heat-conducting medium, so that when the direct delivery of the heat-conducting medium to the heater 42 after heat absorption by the cooler 41 cannot meet the usage requirements, the heat-conducting medium stored in the heat storage tank 43 is used for heating together, thereby ensuring the power generation efficiency; similarly, the cold storage tank 44 is provided to store the heat-conducting medium after heat release, so that after the heat-conducting medium releases heat through the heater 42, if the cooler 41 cannot meet the temperature increase requirement of the heat-conducting medium, the heat-conducting medium after heat release is transported to the cold storage tank 44 for storage.

[0086] In a specific embodiment, as Figure 3 shown, the first flue gas compression unit 11 is provided with single-stage parallel connection, the compressor flow rate is 2000 Nm3 / h, and the outlet pressure is 0.8 MPa; the adsorption dehumidification unit 13 is provided with two molecular sieve adsorption towers, one in use and one in standby; the adsorption decarbonization unit 14 is provided with two molecular sieve adsorption towers, one in use and one in standby; the second flue gas compression unit 21 is provided with single-stage compression, the compressor flow rate is 4000 Nm3 / h, and the outlet pressure is 10 MPa; the turbine power generation module 3 is divided into two stages, the first-stage expander flow rate is 4000 Nm3 / h, and the inlet pressure is 10 MPa; the second-stage expander is two in parallel, the flow rate is 4000 Nm3 / h, and the inlet pressure is 0.8 MPa.

[0087] Among them, the pressurized decarbonization process is as follows: the original flue gas is compressed by the first flue gas compression unit 11, and then enters the steam-water separator 12, the adsorption dehumidification unit 13 and the adsorption decarbonization unit 14 in sequence for decarbonization, and then enters the second-stage expander of the turbine power generation module 3 for single-stage expansion work, and the flue gas after doing work is discharged through the chimney;

[0088] The energy storage process is as follows: the original flue gas is compressed by the first flue gas compression unit 11, and then enters the steam-water separator 12, the adsorption dehumidification unit 13 and the adsorption decarbonization unit 14 in sequence for decarbonization, and then enters the second flue gas compression unit 21, and the compressed high-temperature flue gas is stored in the compressed flue gas storage tank 22;

[0089] The energy release process ① is as follows: The raw flue gas is compressed by the first compression unit 11 and then enters the steam-water separator 12, the adsorption and dehumidification unit 13, and the adsorption and decarbonization unit 14 in sequence for decarbonization, and then comes to the inlet of the second-stage expander of the flue gas turbine power generation module 3 through the pipeline;

[0090] The energy release process ② is as follows: The high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas stored in the compressed flue gas storage tank is released, heated by the preheater, and then enters the first-stage expander of the turbine power generation module 3 to do work. The tail gas converges with the decarbonized flue gas in the energy release process ① at the inlet of the second-stage expander of the turbine power generation module 3, and they jointly enter the second-stage expander of the turbine power generation module 3 to expand and do work for power generation, which can effectively improve the power generation efficiency.

[0091] Moreover, a water vapor detector is set at the outlet of the adsorption and dehumidification unit 13. When the water vapor in the flue gas at the outlet of the adsorption and dehumidification unit 13 exceeds the limit value, the molecular sieve adsorption tower is switched. The molecular sieve adsorption tower that has adsorbed water vapor reduces pressure and exhausts. The water vapor remaining in the molecular sieve is carried out by a small amount of decarbonized pressurized flue gas and discharged through the chimney.

[0092] A carbon dioxide detector is set at the outlet of the adsorption and decarbonization unit 14. When the carbon dioxide in the flue gas at the outlet of the adsorption and decarbonization unit 14 exceeds the limit value, the molecular sieve adsorption tower is switched. The molecular sieve adsorption tower that has adsorbed carbon dioxide reduces pressure and exhausts. The carbon dioxide gas remaining in the molecular sieve is washed out by a small amount of thermal power plant steam. After the tail gas further removes water molecules through the activated carbon adsorption tower, it enters the carbon dioxide recycling system.

[0093] Among them, the electricity for driving the pressurized decarbonization module 1 and the compressed energy storage module 2 can be thermal power or new energy power. The preheater can be at least one of magnesia bricks and UHTES heat storage materials, and can store the waste heat of thermal power plants or solar thermal power plants.

[0094] In one embodiment, as Figure 4 shown, the thermal energy recycling module 4 is also connected to the compressed energy storage module 2, and is used to utilize the heat in the high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas formed when the compressed energy storage module 2 recompresses the flue gas after pressurized decarbonization. The thermal energy recycling module 4 can absorb the heat contained in the high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas, and store it in the heat storage tank 43 or directly transport it to the heater 42 for flue gas heating. Among them, the second flue gas compression unit 21 can be provided with at least one-stage compressor. When it is set to multiple stages, no cooler is provided after the last-stage compressor.

[0095] Furthermore, the turbine power generation module 3 is specifically used for:

[0096] When the difference between the actual power consumption of the power grid and the power generation of the second power generation module is less than the preset threshold, it uses the flue gas after pressurized decarbonization for power generation;

[0097] When the difference between the actual power consumption of the power grid and the power generation of the second power generation module is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, power generation is carried out using high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas.

[0098] In this embodiment, when the power generation of the second power generation module 5 can meet the actual power consumption of the power grid (when there is surplus power), at this time, power is supplied to the pressurized decarbonization module 1 and the compressed energy storage module 2 through the second power generation module 5. Thus, the pressurized decarbonization module 1 is used to pressurize and decarbonize the flue gas, and the compressed energy storage module 2, which is connected to the flue gas output end of the pressurized decarbonization module 1, is used to recompress the pressurized and decarbonized flue gas to form high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas, and store the high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas to convert electrical energy into internal energy.

[0099] When the power generation of the second power generation module 5 is less than or equal to the actual power consumption of the power grid (and the difference between the two is less than the preset threshold), it means that the power generation of the second power generation module 5 just meets the actual power consumption of the power grid or only lacks a small part. At this time, only a small amount of power generation by the turbine power generation module 3 is required to meet the usage requirements. Since the required power generation is small, directly use the flue gas after pressurized decarbonization for power generation. Connect the pipeline between the pressurized decarbonization module 1 and the turbine power generation module 3, so that the turbine power generation module 3 uses the flue gas after pressurized decarbonization for power generation, so that the sum of the power generation of the turbine power generation module 3 and the second power generation module 5 is equal to the actual power consumption of the power grid. And, the electrical energy generated by the turbine power generation module 3 is used to supply power to the pressurized decarbonization module 1 and the compressed energy storage module 2.

[0100] When the power generation of the second power generation module 5 is much less than the actual power consumption of the power grid (and the difference between the two is greater than the preset threshold), it means that the power generation of the second power generation module 5 cannot meet the actual power consumption of the power grid and lacks a lot. At this time, the required power generation is large. Therefore, directly using the flue gas after pressurized decarbonization for power generation cannot meet the power generation demand. Therefore, in addition to connecting the pipeline between the pressurized decarbonization module 1 and the turbine power generation module 3, the pipeline between the compressed energy storage module 2 and the turbine power generation module 3 is also connected, so that the turbine power generation module 3 uses the flue gas after pressurized decarbonization and high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas for power generation, so that the sum of the power generation of the turbine power generation module 3 and the second power generation module 5 is equal to the actual power consumption of the power grid. And, the electrical energy generated by the turbine power generation module 3 is used to supply power to the pressurized decarbonization module 1 and the compressed energy storage module 2.

[0101] As an alternative embodiment, when the power generation of the second power generation module 5 is much less than the actual power consumption of the power grid (and the difference between the two is greater than a preset threshold), it indicates that the power generation of the second power generation module 5 cannot meet the actual power consumption of the power grid and there is a large shortage. At this time, the required power generation is relatively large. Therefore, directly using the flue gas after pressurized decarbonization for power generation cannot meet the power generation demand. Therefore, only the pipeline between the compressed energy storage module 2 and the turbine power generation module 3 is conducted, so that the turbine power generation module 3 uses high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas (without using the flue gas after pressurized decarbonization) for power generation, so that the sum of the power generation of the turbine power generation module 3 and the second power generation module 5 is equal to the actual power consumption of the power grid. And, the electric energy generated by the turbine power generation module 3 is used to supply power to the pressurized decarbonization module 1 and the compressed energy storage module 2.

[0102] This embodiment also provides a power generation system, including a thermal power unit and the above-mentioned flue gas pressurized decarbonization and collaborative energy storage system, and the flue gas outlet of the thermal power unit is connected to the flue gas pressurized decarbonization and collaborative energy storage system.

[0103] The optional embodiments of the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of the embodiments of the present invention, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0104] In addition, it should be noted that, among the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments, they can be combined in any suitable manner without conflict. To avoid unnecessary repetition, the embodiments of the present invention will not separately describe various possible combination methods.

[0105] Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the steps of implementing the methods in the above embodiments can be completed by instructing relevant hardware through a program. This program is stored in a storage medium, including several instructions for causing a single-chip microcomputer, a chip or a processor to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention. The foregoing storage medium includes: USB flash drives, mobile hard disks, read-only memories (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memories (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic disks or optical disks and other various media that can store program codes.

[0106] In addition, any combination can be made between various different embodiments of the embodiments of the present invention, as long as it does not violate the idea of the embodiments of the present invention, it should also be regarded as the content disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A system for synergistic energy storage in flue gas pressurized decarbonization, characterized in that, The system includes: A pressurized decarbonization module (1) for pressurized decarbonization of flue gas; A compressed energy storage module (2) connected to the flue gas output end of the pressurized decarbonization module (1) for recompressing the flue gas after pressurized decarbonization to form high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas and storing the high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas; A second power generation module (5) for supplying power to the power grid. The second power generation module (5) is connected to the pressurized decarbonization module (1) and the compressed energy storage module (2) and is used to supply power to the pressurized decarbonization module (1) and the compressed energy storage module (2) when the power generation of the second power generation module (5) is greater than the actual power consumption of the power grid; A turbine power generation module (3) connected to the flue gas output end of the pressurized decarbonization module (1) and the flue gas output end of the compressed energy storage module (2) for generating power using the flue gas after pressurized decarbonization and / or high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas when the power generation of the second power generation module (5) is less than the actual power consumption of the power grid, so that the sum of the power generations of the turbine power generation module (3) and the second power generation module (5) is equal to the actual power consumption of the power grid; A thermal energy recycling module (4) connected to the pressurized decarbonization module (1) and the turbine power generation module (3) for reducing the temperature of the flue gas after pressurized decarbonization to recover the thermal energy generated during compression, and for heating the flue gas after pressurized decarbonization and / or high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas when the turbine power generation module (3) generates power; Wherein, the pressurized decarbonization module (1) includes: A first flue gas compression unit (11), a steam-water separator (12), an adsorption dehumidification unit (13), and an adsorption decarbonization unit (14) arranged in sequence along the flue gas flow direction; The first flue gas compression unit (11) is used to compress the flue gas to obtain a primary compressed gas; The steam-water separator (12) is used to remove the liquid water in the primary compressed gas; The adsorption dehumidification unit (13) is used to remove the gaseous water in the primary compressed gas; The adsorption decarbonization unit (14) is used to remove the carbon dioxide in the primary compressed gas; Wherein, the thermal energy recycling module (4) includes: A cooler (41) arranged at the flue gas output end of the pressurized decarbonization module (1) for heating a heat transfer medium using the thermal energy generated when the pressurized decarbonization module (1) compresses the flue gas, reducing the temperature of the flue gas after pressurized decarbonization to recover the thermal energy generated during compression; A heater (42) arranged at the flue gas input end of the turbine power generation module (3) for heating the flue gas after pressurized decarbonization and / or high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas entering the turbine power generation module (3). The medium inlet of the heater (42) is connected to the medium outlet of the cooler (41), and the medium outlet of the heater (42) is connected to the medium inlet of the cooler (41); A heat storage tank (43). The medium inlet of the heat storage tank (43) is connected to the medium outlet of the cooler (41), and the medium outlet of the heat storage tank (43) is connected to the medium inlet of the heater (42) for storing the heat transfer medium after heat absorption; A cold storage tank (44), the medium inlet of the cold storage tank (44) is connected to the medium outlet of the heater (42), and the medium outlet of the cold storage tank (44) is connected to the medium inlet of the cooler (41), which is used to store the heat-conducting medium after heat release.

2. The system for synergistic energy storage with pressurized flue gas decarbonization according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second power generation module (5) includes at least one of a wind power generation system, a solar power generation system, a tidal power generation system, and a thermal power generation system.

3. The system for synergistic energy storage with pressurized flue gas decarbonization according to claim 1, wherein The adsorption decarbonization unit (14) is a molecular sieve adsorption tower.

4. The system for synergistic energy storage by pressurizing flue gas for decarbonization according to claim 1, wherein The compressed energy storage module (2) includes: A second flue gas compression unit (21) and a compressed flue gas storage tank (22) arranged in sequence along the flue gas flow direction; The second flue gas compression unit (21) is used to recompress the primary compressed gas after pressurized decarbonization to obtain a high-temperature and high-pressure gas; The compressed flue gas storage tank (22) is used to store the high-temperature and high-pressure gas.

5. The system for synergistic energy storage with pressurized flue gas decarbonization according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat-conducting medium includes one of water, an inorganic salt solution, an organic polymer solution, and an ionic liquid.

6. The system for synergistic energy storage with pressurized flue gas decarbonization according to claim 1, wherein The power output end of the turbine power generation module (3) is connected to the pressurized decarbonization module (1) and the compressed energy storage module (2). The turbine power generation module (3) is also used to generate electricity using the flue gas after pressurized decarbonization and / or the high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas when the power generation of the second power generation module (5) is less than or equal to the actual power consumption of the power grid, and supply power to the pressurized decarbonization module (1) and the compressed energy storage module (2).

7. The system for synergistic energy storage with pressurized flue gas decarbonization according to claim 1, characterized in that, The turbine power generation module (3) is specifically used for: When the difference between the actual power consumption of the power grid and the power generation of the second power generation module is less than a preset threshold, generating electricity using the flue gas after pressurized decarbonization; When the difference between the actual power consumption of the power grid and the power generation of the second power generation module is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, generating electricity using the high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas.

8. A power generation system, characterized in that, It includes a thermal power unit and the system for synergistic energy storage of flue gas pressurized decarbonization according to any one of claims 1-7, and the flue gas outlet of the thermal power unit is connected to the system for synergistic energy storage of flue gas pressurized decarbonization.

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