Cascade Dam Joint Scheduling Method for River Channel Ecological Flow and Landscape Water Level

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for joint scheduling of cascade sluice dams for river ecological flow and landscape water levels, including determining the boundary conditions of the cascade sluice dams; determining the initial water discharge limit line of the sluice dams; calculating the water discharge to ensure the ecological flow target in the river; calculating the water discharge of each sluice dam to improve the balance of the ecological landscape water level; determining the final water discharge of each sluice dam; calculating the ecological flow guarantee rate and the balance degree of the landscape water level of the sluice dam system; determining the global extreme value and the individual extreme value based on the particle swarm algorithm; iteratively updating the water discharge limit line of each sluice dam; and using multiple iterations to output the final water discharge limit line. The present invention takes the water discharge limit line as the decision variable, combines the two-layer calculation method, and uses the particle swarm algorithm for optimization calculation to determine the final water discharge limit line of each sluice dam, which can reasonably control the water storage volume and the water discharge process of the cascade sluice dams, and improve the continuity of the river flow and the balance of the ecological landscape water level of the cascade sluice dams.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of river ecological protection, and particularly relates to a cascaded sluice and dam joint scheduling method for river ecological flow and landscape water level. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of the urbanization process, in order to ensure water supply safety, reservoir projects are usually built upstream of rivers for impounding, which results in a reduction in the runoff of the downstream river channels and even the phenomenon of river drying up. In order to maintain the landscape water level of urban river channels, more and more cascaded sluices and dams are built in urban river reaches, and continuous landscape water surfaces are formed by impounding the upstream water layer by layer. At the same time, the river landscape also requires the continuity of runoff and needs to ensure the ecological flow targets of sluices and dams at all levels in the river reach. Therefore, the cascaded sluices and dams should not only impound the river water volume to ensure that the cascaded sluices and dams have sufficient water storage capacity and avoid waste of limited water resources. At the same time, the discharged water volume of each sluice and dam should be controlled. On the one hand, the balance of the landscape water storage capacity of each sluice and dam is improved to avoid water volume concentrating on a certain sluice and dam. On the other hand, the river ecological flow targets of each sluice and dam should be met.

[0003] The existing cascaded sluice and dam scheduling methods mainly focus on flood period scheduling, studying how to empty the reservoir storage capacity in a short time before the flood occurs to meet the flood, while ensuring the safety of the downstream river channel discharge. This type of research usually starts from the engineering operation safety during the flood period, takes the shortest total time for the joint sluices and dams to empty the reservoir storage capacity as the optimization objective function, takes the start time of the discharge of each rubber dam and gate as the control variable, and uses particle swarm optimization, genetic algorithm, etc. for optimization.

[0004] This type of cascaded sluice and dam joint scheduling technology mainly takes the engineering operation safety during the flood period as the research objective, and does not analyze how to ensure the river landscape water level and river ecological flow during the non-flood period, so there are differences in the research content.

[0005] Another part of the existing research mainly focuses on the cascaded sluices and dams to ensure water supply for off-river water users. This type of method only starts from ensuring the safety of water users along the river banks, usually takes the maximum comprehensive water supply guarantee rate and the minimum discharged water volume of the lowest sluice and dam as the optimization objectives, and generally uses particle swarm optimization, genetic algorithm, etc. for overall optimization.

[0006] This type of technology does not consider the requirements such as the continuity of the ecological flow in the river channel and the balance of the landscape water level. It mainly designs calculation methods from making full use of the water storage capacity of the cascaded sluice and dam system. The final formed scheme will cause the water storage volume to mainly concentrate on the upstream sluices and dams, which is not conducive to the continuity of the landscape water surface of the cascaded sluices and dams. And it mainly considers the needs of off-river water users and does not consider the scheduling requirements of the ecological flow and landscape water level in the river channel. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide a cascaded sluice-dam joint regulation method for river ecological flow and landscape water level in view of the above deficiencies in the prior art, so as to solve the problem that the prior art does not analyze how to ensure both the river landscape water level and the river ecological flow at the same time.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0009] A cascaded sluice-dam joint regulation method for river ecological flow and landscape water level, which includes the following steps:

[0010] S1. Determine the boundary conditions of the cascaded sluice-dam;

[0011] S2. Generate the initial water discharge limit line of the sluice-dam according to the maximum reservoir storage capacity of each time period of the cascaded sluice-dam;

[0012] S3. Through traversal calculation, determine the water discharge of each sluice-dam to ensure the ecological flow target in the river;

[0013] S4. Through traversal calculation, determine the water discharge of each sluice-dam to improve the balance of the ecological landscape water level;

[0014] S5. Repeat step S3 and step S4 until the final water discharge of each sluice-dam is determined;

[0015] S6. Calculate the ecological flow guarantee rate and landscape water level balance degree of the sluice-dam system;

[0016] S7. Based on the particle swarm optimization algorithm, determine the global extreme value and individual extreme value according to the ecological flow guarantee rate and landscape water level balance degree of the sluice-dam system;

[0017] S8. According to the global extreme value and individual extreme value, iteratively update the water discharge limit line of each sluice-dam;

[0018] S9. If the water discharge limit line meets the end iteration requirement, output the final water discharge limit line; if the water discharge limit line does not meet the end iteration requirement, repeat steps S3 to S8 to continue optimizing the water discharge limit line until the end iteration requirement is met.

[0019] Further, in step S2, according to the maximum reservoir storage capacity of each time period of the cascaded sluice-dam, randomly generate the water discharge limit line of each sluice-dam according to the calculation step size:

[0020] X i =[x i，1 , x i，2 ... x i，t ... x i，T , 0≤x i，t ≤Wmax i，t

[0021] Among them, X i is the discharge limit line of dam i in all periods, x i,t is the discharge limit line of dam i in period t, Wmax i,t is the maximum storage capacity of dam i in time period t.

[0022] Furthermore, step S3 specifically includes:

[0023] S3.1. Use traversal calculation from the lower dam to the upper dam to determine the ecological water replenishment required by the lower dam and update the ecological flow target of the dam at this level;

[0024] S3.2. Use traversal calculation from the upper dam to the lower dam to determine the actual discharge volume of the final dam ecological flow and update the dam water storage capacity.

[0025] Furthermore, step S3.1 specifically includes:

[0026] S3.1.1. Calculate the dam water storage capacity for the current period based on the interval runoff of the dam and the water storage capacity at the end of the previous period:

[0027] Wst1 i,t =Wloin i,t +Ved i,t-1

[0028] Among them, Wst1 i,t is the initial water storage capacity of dam i in period t, Wloin i,t is the interval flow of dam i in time period t, Ved i,t-1 is the final water storage of dam i in time period (t-1);

[0029] S3.1.2. Calculate the dischargeable water volume of each level of dams based on the relationship between the dam water storage capacity and the discharge limit line:

[0030]

[0031] Among them, Wav1 i,t is the amount of water that can be discharged from the dam i in time period t; x i,t is the water discharge limit line of dam i in time period t;

[0032] S3.1.3. Calculate the ecological flow discharge of the dam at this level based on the dischargeable water volume of the dam and the ecological flow target:

[0033] Wesu1 i，t = min(Wav1 i，t , De i，t )

[0034] Among them, Wesu1 i,t is the ecological discharge of the sluice dam i at time period t, and De i,t is the ecological flow target of the sluice dam i at time period t;

[0035] S3.1.4. When the current - level sluice dam cannot meet the ecological flow target, calculate the ecological water demand that needs to be replenished by the upstream sluice dam:

[0036]

[0037] Among them, Dere i,t is the ecological water demand to be replenished from the upstream for the sluice dam i at time period t;

[0038] S3.1.5. Based on the ecological flow target of the current - level sluice dam and the ecological water demand that the lower - level sluice dam needs to be replenished by the upper - level, update the ecological flow target of the current - level sluice dam:

[0039] De i,t ’ = max(Delo i,t , Dere i-1,t )

[0040] Among them, De i,t ’ is the updated ecological flow target of the sluice dam i at time period t, Delo i,t is the ecological flow target of the current - level sluice dam of the sluice dam i at time period t, and Dere i-1,t is the ecological water demand that the lower - level sluice dam (i - 1) needs to be replenished by the upper - level at time period t;

[0041] S3.1.6. Adopt a traversal algorithm from the lower - level sluice dam to the upper - level sluice dam, and repeat steps S3.1.1 to S3.1.5 until the ecological water demand to be replenished for each level of sluice dam is determined, and update the ecological flow target of the sluice dam.

[0042] Furthermore, step S3.2 specifically includes:

[0043] S3.2.1. Calculate the water storage of each level of sluice dam according to the upstream inflow, the inflow in the interval, and the water storage at the end of the previous time period:

[0044] Wst2 i,t = Wupin i,t + Wloin i,t + Ved i,t-1

[0045] Among them, Wst2 i,t is the water storage of the sluice dam recalculated considering the upstream inflow, Wupin i,t is the upstream inflow of the sluice dam i at time period t;

[0046] S3.2.2. Calculate the available discharge of the sluice dam according to the relationship between the water storage volume and the discharge limit line of each sluice dam:

[0047]

[0048] Among them, Wav2 i,t is the available discharge of the sluice dam recalculated considering the upstream inflow;

[0049] S3.2.3. Calculate the actual ecological discharge of each sluice dam according to the available discharge of the sluice dam recalculated considering the upstream inflow and the ecological flow target of sluice dam i at time t after update:

[0050] Wesu2 i,t =min(Wav2 i,t , De i,t ’)

[0051] Among them, Wesu2 i,t is the actual ecological discharge of sluice dam i at time t;

[0052] S3.2.4. Adopt a traversal algorithm from the upper-level sluice dam to the lower-level sluice dam, and repeat steps S3.2.1 to S3.2.4 until the actual ecological discharge of each sluice dam is determined and the water storage volume of the sluice dam is updated;

[0053] Wst3 i,t =Wst2 i,t -Wesu2 i,t

[0054] Among them, Wst3 i,t is the updated water storage volume of the sluice dam.

[0055] Furthermore, step S4 specifically includes:

[0056] S4.1. Calculate the water storage rate of the current-level sluice dam according to the updated water storage volume of the sluice dam and the maximum water storage capacity:

[0057] Rst1 i,t =Wst3 i,t / Wmax i,t ·100%

[0058] Among them, Rst1 i,t is the water storage rate of sluice dam i after discharging the ecological flow at time t, and Wmax i,t is the maximum water storage capacity of sluice dam i at time t;

[0059] S4.2. Calculate the overall water storage rate of the sluice dam system:

[0060] RstT t =∑i Wst3 i,t / ∑ i Wmax i,t ·100%

[0061] Among them, RstT t is the overall water storage rate of all sluices and dams during period t;

[0062] S4.3. Compare the water storage rate of the current-level sluice and dam with the overall water storage rate of the sluice and dam system:

[0063]

[0064] Among them, WlasS i,t is the water discharge from the current-level sluice and dam to the lower-level sluice and dam;

[0065] If the water storage rate of the current-level sluice and dam is higher than the overall water storage rate of the sluice and dam system, then discharge the excess water storage;

[0066] S4.4. Update the water storage volume of the current-level sluice and dam based on the water discharge from the current-level sluice and dam to the lower-level sluice and dam:

[0067] Wst4 i,t = Wst3 i,t - WlasS i,t

[0068] Among them, Wst4 i,t is the water storage volume after supplementing the landscape water level;

[0069] S4.5. Update the water storage rate of the current-level sluice and dam based on the water storage volume after supplementing the landscape water level and the maximum water storage volume:

[0070] Rst2 i,t = Wst4 i,t / Wmax i,t

[0071] Among them, Rst2 i,t is the final water storage rate of the sluice and dam after considering the water discharge for landscape water level balance

[0072] S4.6. Repeat steps S4.1 to S4.5 to traverse and calculate the water discharge and water storage rate of each level of sluice and dam.

[0073] Furthermore, determining the final water discharge of each level of sluice and dam in step S5 includes:

[0074] WsTo i,t = Wesu2 i,t + WlasS i,t

[0075] Among them, WsTo i,tis the total discharge of the sluice dam i during the time period t, Wesu2 i,t is the actual discharge of the sluice dam i during the time period t to meet the ecological flow target, WlasS i,t is the discharge from the current-level sluice dam to the lower-level sluice dam to improve the balance of the landscape water level.

[0076] Further, step S6 specifically includes:

[0077] Calculate the ecological flow assurance rate:

[0078] P i = n / (N + 1)·100%

[0079] P = ∑α i ·P i

[0080] Among them, P i is the annual assurance rate of the sluice dam i, n is the number of years when the ecological flow target is met, N is the total number of years in the long-term series calculation; P is the comprehensive assurance rate of the sluice dam system, and α i is the weight of the sluice dam i;

[0081] Calculate the landscape water level balance degree:

[0082]

[0083] Among them, CV is the overall water storage rate balance degree of the scheduling system, and σ is the variance of the final water storage rate Rst2 of the sluice dam after considering the discharge volume for landscape water level balance i,t value; is the final water storage rate Rst2 of the sluice dam after considering the discharge volume for landscape water level balance i,t value average.

[0084] Further, step S7 specifically includes:

[0085] Determine the individual extreme value:

[0086]

[0087] Determine the global extreme value:

[0088]

[0089] Among them, is the individual optimal value, that is, the discharge limit line corresponding to the optimal solution of the k-th generation when the m-th group of discharge limit lines is iterated; is the optimal solution determined by screening based on the discharge limit lines of each generation of the m-th group; is the discharge limit line of the sluice dam of the m-th group at the k-th generation; (→X p) represents the corresponding individual optimal discharge limit line; Gbest k is the global optimal value, that is, the discharge limit line corresponding to the optimal solution obtained by iterating the individual extreme values of each group to the k-th generation; is the optimal solution determined by screening based on the discharge limit lines of each group; (→X g ) represents the corresponding global optimal discharge limit line.

[0090] Furthermore, in step S8, according to the global extreme value and individual extreme value, the discharge limit lines of each level of sluice dam are iteratively updated, and the iteration update speed and position are as follows:

[0091]

[0092]

[0093] Among them, is the evolution speed of the discharge limit line of the m-th group at the k-th generation; ω is the inertia factor; c1, c2 are learning factors; R1, R2 are random numbers between [0, 1]; is the discharge limit line of the m-th group after evolution.

[0094] The cascade sluice dam joint scheduling method provided by the present invention for river ecological flow and landscape water level has the following beneficial effects:

[0095] 1. The present invention reasonably controls the water storage volume and discharge process of the cascade sluice dam, and at the same time improves the balance of the water storage volume of the cascade sluice dam and the continuity of the river ecological flow.

[0096] 2. The present invention simultaneously faces the task requirements of maintaining the balance of the landscape water level and the continuity of the river runoff for the cascade sluice dam. By reasonably controlling the water storage volume and discharge process of each level of sluice dam through the discharge limit line, it improves the balance of the water storage volume of the cascade sluice dam and the continuity of the river ecological flow, realizes the joint scheduling operation of the upstream and downstream of the cascade sluice dam, and improves the overall benefit of the cascade sluice dam scheduling.

[0097] 3. The present invention uses the discharge limit line to control the dischargeable water volume of the sluice dam, combines the two-layer calculation method, and based on the long-term inflow series, uses the particle swarm optimization algorithm for optimization calculation to determine the final discharge water level limit lines of each level of sluice dam.

[0098] 4. The present invention can connect static management and dynamic management, and can dynamically adjust the cascade sluice dam scheduling plan according to the determined discharge water volume control lines of each level of sluice dam and real-time water level data, improving the flexibility and efficiency of the cascade sluice dam system scheduling. Description of the Drawings

[0099] Figure 1This is the flowchart of the cascade sluice-dam joint regulation method for river ecological flow and landscape water level in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0100] Figure 2 This is the first-layer calculation flowchart of the cascade sluice-dam joint regulation method for river ecological flow and landscape water level in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0101] Figure 3 This is the second-layer calculation flowchart of the cascade sluice-dam joint regulation method for river ecological flow and landscape water level in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Specific embodiments

[0102] The following describes the specific embodiments of the present invention to facilitate those skilled in the art of this technology to understand the present invention. However, it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific embodiments. For those of ordinary skill in the art of this technology, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention defined and determined by the appended claims, these changes are obvious, and all inventions made using the concept of the present invention are within the scope of protection.

[0103] Embodiment 1

[0104] This embodiment provides a cascade sluice-dam joint regulation method for river ecological flow and landscape water level. This embodiment simultaneously faces two tasks of cascade sluice-dam ecological flow and landscape water level, which can not only maintain the continuity of river runoff but also reasonably control the water storage capacity of each level of cascade sluices and dams, avoid excessive water volume concentrating on a certain level of sluice-dam, and improve the balance of landscape water levels of cascade sluices and dams. Refer to Figure 1 , and specifically includes the following steps:

[0105] Step S1: Determine the boundary conditions of the cascade sluice-dam;

[0106] The boundary conditions in this embodiment specifically include the scale of the cascade sluice-dam, the maximum flow capacity, the upstream inflow, the inflow in the interval, the ecological flow target of the sluice-dam, etc.

[0107] Step S2: Generate the initial discharge water volume limit line of the sluice-dam according to the maximum reservoir storage capacity of each time period of the cascade sluice-dam. Specifically, in this embodiment, the discharge water volume limit line of each level of sluice-dam is randomly generated according to the calculation step length:

[0108] X i =[x i,1 ,x i,2 …,x i,t …,x i,T , 0≤x i,t ≤Wmax i,t

[0109] where X i is the discharge water volume limit line composed of all time periods of sluice-dam i, and xi,t is the downstream discharge limit line of dam i at time period t, and the downstream discharge limit line is not higher than the maximum water storage capacity of the dam; Wmax i,t is the maximum reservoir storage capacity of dam i at time period t.

[0110] Step S3: This step is the first-layer calculation of this embodiment, which is used to ensure the ecological flow target in the river course;

[0111] Specifically, referring to Figure 2 , the traversal algorithm is used to calculate the downstream discharge of each dam to ensure the ecological flow target in the river course, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0112] Step S3.1: The traversal calculation from the lower dam to the upper dam is adopted to determine the ecological water supply requirement of the lower dam and update the ecological flow target of the current dam, which specifically includes the following contents:

[0113] Step S3.1.1: Calculate the reservoir storage volume of the dam at the current time period according to the inter-basin runoff and the end storage volume at the end of the previous time period:

[0114] Wst1 i,t = Wloin i,t + Ved i,t-1

[0115] where, Wst1 i,t is the initial reservoir storage volume of dam i at time period t, Wloin i,t is the inter-basin runoff of dam i at time period t, and Ved i,t-1 is the end storage volume of dam i at time period (t - 1);

[0116] Step S3.1.2: In specific applications, the reservoir storage volume of the dam higher than the downstream discharge limit line can be used for downstream discharge. Based on this, in this embodiment, the available downstream discharge of each dam is calculated according to the relationship between the reservoir storage volume of the dam and the downstream discharge limit line:

[0117]

[0118] where, Wav1 i,t is the available downstream discharge of dam i at time period t; x i,t is the downstream discharge limit line of dam i at time period t;

[0119] Step S3.1.3: Calculate the ecological flow downstream discharge of the current dam according to the available downstream discharge of the dam and the ecological flow target:

[0120] Wesu1 i,t = min(Wav1 i,t , De i,t )

[0121] Among them, Wesu1 i,t is the ecological discharge of the sluice dam i at time period t, and De i,t is the ecological flow target of the sluice dam i at time period t;

[0122] Step S3.1.4: When the current - level sluice dam cannot meet the ecological flow target, calculate the ecological water demand that needs to be supplemented by the upstream sluice dam:

[0123]

[0124] Among them, Dere i,t is the ecological water demand to be supplemented by the upstream for the sluice dam i at time period t;

[0125] Step S3.1.5: The ecological flow target of the sluice dam should include the ecological flow demand of the current - level sluice dam and the ecological water demand to be supplemented for the downstream sluice dam. Considering the overlap of ecological flows, the larger value of the two should be taken; based on this, based on the ecological flow target of the current - level sluice dam and the ecological water demand that the lower - level sluice dam needs to be supplemented by the upper - level, update the ecological flow target of the current - level sluice dam:

[0126] De i,t ’ = max(Delo i,t , Dere i-1,t )

[0127] Among them, De i,t ’ is the updated ecological water demand of the sluice dam i at time period t, Delo i,t is the ecological flow target of the current - level sluice dam of the sluice dam i at time period t, and Dere i-1,t is the ecological water demand that the lower - level sluice dam i - 1 needs to be supplemented by the upper - level at time period t;

[0128] Step S3.1.6: Adopt a traversal algorithm from the lower - level sluice dam to the upper - level sluice dam, and repeat steps S3.1.1 to S3.1.5 until the ecological water demand to be supplemented for each level of sluice dam is determined and the ecological flow target of the sluice dam is updated.

[0129] Step S3.2: Adopt a traversal calculation from the upper - level sluice dam to the lower - level sluice dam to determine the final actual ecological discharge of the sluice dam and update the water storage of the sluice dam.

[0130] Step S3.2.1: Calculate the water storage of each level of sluice dam according to the upstream inflow, the inflow of the reach, and the water storage at the end of the previous time period:

[0131] Wst2 i,t = Wupin i,t + Wloin i,t + Ved i,t-1

[0132] Among them, Wst2i,t The stored water volume of the sluice dam recalculated considering the upstream inflow, Wupin i,t is the upstream inflow of the sluice dam i at time period t;

[0133] Step S3.2.2: Calculate the available discharge volume of the sluice dam according to the relationship between the stored water volume of each sluice dam and the discharge volume limit line:

[0134]

[0135] where, Wav2 i,t is the available discharge volume of the sluice dam recalculated considering the upstream inflow;

[0136] Step S3.2.3: Calculate the actual discharge volume of the ecological flow of each sluice dam according to the available discharge volume of the sluice dam recalculated considering the upstream inflow and the ecological flow target of the updated sluice dam i at time period t:

[0137] Wesu2 i,t = min(Wav2 i,t , De i,t ')[[]END]]

[0138] where, Wesu2 i,t is the actual discharge volume of the ecological flow of the sluice dam i at time period t;

[0139] Step S3.2.4: Adopt a traversal algorithm from the upper-level sluice dam to the lower-level sluice dam, and repeat Step S3.2.1 to Step S3.2.4 until the actual discharge volume of the ecological flow of each sluice dam is determined and the stored water volume of the sluice dam is updated;

[0140] Wst3 i,t = Wst2 i,t - Wesu2 i,t

[0141] where, Wst3 i,t is the updated stored water volume of the sluice dam.

[0142] Step S4: This step is the second-layer calculation of this embodiment, which is used to improve the balance of the ecological landscape water level;

[0143] Specifically, adopt a traversal algorithm to calculate the discharge volume that maintains the continuity of the landscape water surface under the condition of meeting the balance of the ecological landscape water level improvement of each sluice dam;

[0144] Step S4.1: Calculate the water storage rate of the current-level sluice dam according to the updated stored water volume of the sluice dam and the maximum water storage capacity:

[0145] Rst1 i,t = Wst3 i,t / Wmax i,t·100%

[0146] Among them, Rst1 i,t is the water storage rate of dam i after discharging ecological flow in period t, and Wmax i,t is the maximum water storage capacity of dam i in period t;

[0147] Step S4.2. Calculate the overall water storage rate of the dam system:

[0148] RstT t = ∑ i Wst3 i,t / ∑ i Wmax i,t ·100%

[0149] Among them, RstT t is the overall water storage rate of all dams in period t;

[0150] Step S4.3. Compare the water storage rate of the current-level dam with the overall water storage rate of the dam system:

[0151]

[0152] Among them, WlasS i,t is the water discharge from the current-level dam to the lower-level dam;

[0153] If the water storage rate of the current-level dam is higher than the overall water storage rate of the dam system, then discharge the excess water storage;

[0154] Step S4.4. Update the water storage of the current-level dam based on the water discharge from the current-level dam to the lower-level dam:

[0155] Wst4 i,t = Wst3 i,t - WlasS i,t

[0156] Among them, Wst4 i,t is the water storage after supplementing the landscape water level;

[0157] Step S4.5. Update the water storage rate of the current-level dam based on the water storage after supplementing the landscape water level and the maximum water storage capacity:

[0158] Rst2 i,t = Wst4 i,t / Wmax i,t

[0159] Among them, Rst2 i,t is the final water storage rate of the dam after discharging water considering the balance of the landscape water level

[0160] Step S4.6: Repeat steps S4.1 to S4.5 to traverse and calculate the discharge and storage rate of each level of sluice dam.

[0161] Furthermore, determining the final discharge of each level of sluice dam in step S5 includes:

[0162] Step S5: This step is used for time period traversal calculation;

[0163] Specifically, repeat steps S3 and S4 until the final discharge of each level of sluice dam is determined;

[0164] WsTo i,t = Wesu2 i,t + WlasS i,t

[0165] Among them, WsTo i,t is the total discharge of sluice dam i in time period t, Wesu2 i,t is the actual discharge of sluice dam i to ensure the ecological flow target in time period t, and WlasS i,t is the discharge of this level of sluice dam to the lower level of sluice dam to improve the balance of landscape water levels.

[0166] Step S6: Optimization objective;

[0167] Specifically, calculate the ecological flow guarantee rate and landscape water level balance degree of the sluice dam system;

[0168] Calculate the ecological flow guarantee rate:

[0169] P i = n / (N + 1)·100%

[0170] P = ∑α i ·P i

[0171] Among them, P i is the annual guarantee rate of sluice dam i, n is the number of years when the ecological flow target is met, N is the total number of years in the long-term series calculation; P is the comprehensive guarantee rate of the sluice dam system, and α i is the weight of sluice dam i;

[0172] Calculate the landscape water level balance degree:

[0173]

[0174] Among them, CV is the overall storage rate balance degree of the scheduling system. The lower the CV value, the closer the storage rates of each level of sluice dam are, and the higher the storage balance degree. σ is the variance of the final storage rate Rst2 of the sluice dam after considering the discharge for landscape water level balance; i,t value; The final water storage rate Rst2 of the sluice dam after considering the discharged water volume for landscape water level balance i,t The average value of the value.

[0175] Step S7: Based on the particle swarm optimization algorithm, determine the global extreme value and individual extreme value according to the ecological flow guarantee rate and landscape water level balance degree of the sluice dam system;

[0176] In this embodiment, the ecological flow guarantee rate target is preferentially compared, and the higher the guarantee rate, the better; when the ecological flow guarantee rate targets are the same, the landscape water level balance degree target values are compared, and the smaller the landscape water level balance degree value, the better;

[0177] Determine the individual extreme value, that is, the optimal value of this group in each iteration process, and the individual optimal solution of the i-th group:

[0178]

[0179] In the formula, is the individual optimal value, that is, the water discharge limit line corresponding to the optimal scheme when the water discharge limit line of the m-th group iterates to the k-th generation; is the optimal scheme determined by screening based on the water discharge limit lines of each generation of the m-th group; is the water discharge limit line of the sluice dam when the water discharge limit line of the m-th group is at the k-th generation; (→X p ) represents the corresponding individual optimal water discharge limit line.

[0180] Determine the global extreme value, that is, the optimal value found in all groups during the historical search process of the particle swarm:

[0181]

[0182] In the formula, Gbest k is the global optimal value, which is the water discharge limit line corresponding to the optimal scheme when the individual extreme values of each group iterate to the k-th generation; is the optimal scheme determined by screening based on the water discharge limit lines of each group; (→X g ) represents the corresponding global optimal water discharge limit line..

[0183] Step S8: According to the global extreme value and individual extreme value, iteratively update the water discharge limit lines of each level of the sluice dam;

[0184] The speed and position of its iterative update are:

[0185]

[0186]

[0187] In the formula, is the evolution speed of the discharge water volume limit line of the m-th group in the k-th generation; ω is the inertia factor, and its magnitude controls the strength of the search ability; c1 and c2 are learning factors. c1 has an important influence on the convergence speed of the algorithm. Usually, c1 and c2 are taken as 2; R1 and R2 are random numbers between [0, 1], which determine the influence of the global optimum and the individual optimum; is the discharge water volume limit line after evolution.

[0188] Step S9: If the discharge water volume limit line meets the requirement of ending the iteration, output the final discharge water volume limit line; if the discharge water volume limit line does not meet the requirement of ending the iteration, repeat Steps S3 to S8 to continue optimizing the discharge water volume limit line until the requirement of ending the iteration is met.

[0189] The present invention adopts a hierarchical calculation method. Since the ecological flow is the target to be guaranteed first, the first-layer calculation preferentially determines the water volume to be discharged to guarantee the ecological flow target of the river channel; the ecological flow of cascade dams in the river channel is the water use in the river channel, and the overlap between the ecological flow target of the current dam itself and the water volume required to supplement the ecological flow to the downstream dams needs to be considered simultaneously during the calculation. First, traverse from the downstream dam to the upstream dam, and determine the discharge water volume that takes into account the ecological flow targets of the current dam and the downstream dam without considering the upstream inflow (considering the inflow in the interval), and then traverse from the upstream dam to the downstream dam to determine the final discharge water volume of the dam ecological flow considering the upstream inflow; the second-layer calculation mainly considers the balance of the storage rates of cascade dams, and traverse from the upstream dam to the downstream dam to determine the discharge water volume of each dam to improve the balance of the landscape water level; finally, determine the final discharge water volume of each dam through two-layer continuous calculation.

[0190] Although the specific implementation manners of the invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, it should not be construed as a limitation on the protection scope of this patent. Within the scope described in the claims, various modifications and deformations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative efforts still fall within the protection scope of this patent.

Claims

1. A combined scheduling method for cascade sluice dams facing river ecological flow and landscape water level, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. Determine the boundary conditions of the cascade of dams; S2. Generate the initial discharge limit line of the dams according to the maximum reservoir storage capacity of the cascade of dams at each time period; S3. Through traversal calculation, determine the discharge of each dam to ensure the ecological flow target in the river; S4. Through traversal calculation, determine the discharge of each dam to improve the balance of the ecological landscape water level; S5. Repeat steps S3 and S4 until the final discharge of each dam is determined; S6. Calculate the ecological flow guarantee rate and the balance degree of the landscape water level of the dam system; S7. Based on the particle swarm optimization algorithm, determine the global extreme value and the individual extreme value according to the ecological flow guarantee rate and the balance degree of the landscape water level of the dam system; S8. According to the global extreme value and the individual extreme value, iteratively update the discharge limit line of each dam; S9. If the discharge limit line meets the requirement of ending the iteration, output the final discharge limit line; if the discharge limit line does not meet the requirement of ending the iteration, repeat steps S3 to S8 to continue optimizing the discharge limit line until the requirement of ending the iteration is met; Step S3 specifically includes: S3.

1. Adopt the traversal calculation from the lower dam to the upper dam to determine the ecological water replenishment amount of the lower dam and update the ecological flow target of the current dam; S3.

2. Adopt the traversal calculation from the upper dam to the lower dam to determine the actual discharge of the dam's ecological flow finally and update the reservoir storage capacity of the dam; The specific steps of S3.1 include: S3.1.

1. Calculate the reservoir storage capacity of the dam at the current time period according to the inter-basin runoff and the reservoir storage capacity at the end of the previous time period; Wst1 i,t = Wloin i,t + Ved i,t-1 Among them, Wst1 i,t is the initial water storage of dam i at time period t, Wloin i,t is the inflow from the interval of dam i at time period t, Ved i,t-1 is the final water storage of dam i at time period (t - 1); S3.1.

2. Calculate the available discharge of each dam according to the relationship between the reservoir storage capacity of the dam and the discharge limit line; Among them, Wav1 i,t is the available discharge of the sluice dam i in period t; x i,t is the discharge limit line of the sluice dam i in period t; S3.1.

3. Calculate the ecological flow discharge of the current dam according to the available discharge of the dam and the ecological flow target; Wesu1 i,t = min(Wav1 i,t , De i,t ) Among them, Wesu1 i,t is the ecological discharge of the sluice dam i at time period t, and De i,t is the ecological flow target of the sluice dam i at time period t; S3.1.

4. When the current dam cannot meet the ecological flow target, calculate the ecological water demand for upstream dam replenishment; Among them, Dere i,t is the ecological water replenishment required upstream of the sluice dam i during period t; S3.1.

5. Update the ecological flow target of the current dam based on the ecological flow target of the current dam and the ecological water demand for upstream dam replenishment required by the lower dam; De i,t ’ = max(Delo i,t , Dere i-1,t ) Among them, De i,t ’ is the ecological flow target of the updated sluice-dam i at time period t, Delo i,t is the ecological flow target of the sluice-dam i at time period t at the current level of the sluice-dam, Dere i-1,t is the ecological water demand for water replenishment from the upper level of the lower sluice-dam (i-1) at time period t; S3.1.

6. Adopt the traversal algorithm from the lower dam to the upper dam, and repeat steps S3.1.1 to S3.1.5 until the ecological water replenishment amount of each dam is determined and the ecological flow target of the dam is updated; The specific steps of S3.2 include: S3.2.

1. Calculate the reservoir storage capacity of each dam according to the upstream inflow, the inter-basin inflow and the reservoir storage capacity at the end of the previous time period; Wst2 i,t = Wupin i,t + Wloin i,t + Ved i,t-1 Among them, Wst2 i,t is the storage volume of the sluice dam recalculated considering the upstream inflow, Wupin i,t is the upstream inflow of the sluice dam i in period t; S3.2.

2. Calculate the available discharge of the dam according to the relationship between the reservoir storage capacity of each dam and the discharge limit line; Among them, Wav2 i,t is the discharge capacity of the sluice and dam recalculated considering the upstream inflow; S3.2.

3. Calculate the actual discharge of the ecological flow of each dam according to the available discharge of the dam recalculated considering the upstream inflow and the updated ecological flow target of dam i at time t; Wesu2 i,t = min(Wav2 i,t , De i,t ') Among them, Wesu2 i,t is the actual discharged water volume of the ecological flow of the sluice dam i at time period t; S3.2.

4. Adopt the traversal algorithm from the upper dam to the lower dam, and repeat steps S3.2.1 to S3.2.4 until the actual discharge of the ecological flow of each dam is determined and the reservoir storage capacity of the dam is updated; Wst3 i,t = Wst2 i,t - Wesu2 i,t Among them, Wst3 i,t is the water storage capacity of the sluice dam after update; The specific steps of S4 include: S4.

1. Calculate the water storage rate of the current-level sluice dam according to the updated water storage volume of the sluice dam and the maximum water storage capacity of the reservoir: Rst1 i,t = Wst3 i,t / Wmax i,t ·100% Among them, Rst1 i,t is the water storage rate of dam i after discharging ecological flow in period t, and Wmax i,t is the maximum water storage capacity of dam i in period t; S4.

2. Calculate the overall water storage rate of the sluice dam system: RstT t = ∑ i Wst3 i,t / ∑ i Wmax i,t · 100% Among them, RstT t is the overall water storage rate of all sluices and dams at time period t; S4.

3. Compare the water storage rate of the current-level sluice dam with the overall water storage rate of the sluice dam system: Among them, WlasS i,t is the water discharge from the current-level dam to the next-level dam; If the water storage rate of the current-level sluice dam is higher than the overall water storage rate of the sluice dam system, then release the excess water storage volume: S4.

4. Update the water storage volume of the current-level sluice dam based on the water volume discharged from the current-level sluice dam to the next-level sluice dam: Wst4 i,t = Wst3 i,t - WlasS i,t Among them, Wst4 i,t is the water storage volume after supplementing the landscape water level; S4.

5. Update the water storage rate of the current-level sluice dam based on the water storage volume after supplementing the landscape water level and the maximum water storage volume: Rst2 i,t = Wst4 i,t / Wmax i,t Among them, Rst2 i,t is the final water storage rate of the sluice dam after considering the discharged water volume for landscape water level balance S4.

6. Repeat steps S4.1 to S4.5 to traverse and calculate the water discharge volume and water storage rate of each level of sluice dam.

2. The cascade sluice dam joint operation method for river ecological flow and landscape water level according to claim 1, characterized in that In step S2, according to the maximum water storage capacity of each time period of the cascade sluice dams, randomly generate the water discharge volume limit lines of each level of sluice dam according to the calculation step size: X i = [x i,1 , x i,2 …, x i,t …, x i,T , 0 ≤ x i,t ≤ Wmax i,t Among them, X i is the downstream water discharge limit line composed of all time periods of dam i, and x i,t is the downstream water discharge limit line of dam i at time period t, and Wmax i,t is the maximum reservoir storage capacity of dam i at time period t.

3. The cascade sluice and dam joint scheduling method for river ecological flow and landscape water level according to claim 1, characterized in that In step S5, determining the final water discharge volume of each level of sluice dam includes: WsTo i,t = Wesu2 i,t + WlasS i,t Among them, WsTo i,t is the total discharge of dam i in period t, Wesu2 i,t is the actual discharge of dam i in period t to meet the ecological flow target, WlasS i,t is the discharge from the dam at this level to the dam at the lower level to improve the balance of the landscape water level.

4. The cascade sluice-dam joint operation method for river ecological flow and landscape water level according to claim 1, characterized in that Step S6 specifically includes: Calculate the ecological flow guarantee rate: P i = n / (N + 1)·100% P = Σα i ·P i Among them, P i is the annual guarantee rate of the sluice dam i, n is the number of years when the ecological flow target is met, N is the total number of years for long-series calculation; P is the comprehensive guarantee rate of the sluice dam system, and α i is the weight of the sluice dam i; Calculate the landscape water level balance degree: Among them, CV is the overall water storage rate balance of the scheduling system, and σ is the variance of the final water storage rate Rst2 of the sluice dam after considering the water discharge volume under the landscape water level balance; i,t The variance of the value; The final water storage rate Rst2 of the sluice dam after considering the water discharge volume under the landscape water level balance i,t The average value of the value.

5. The cascade sluice dam joint scheduling method for river ecological flow and landscape water level according to claim 1, characterized in that Step S7 specifically includes: Determine the individual extreme value: Determine the global extreme value: Among them, is the individual optimal value, that is, the downstream water discharge limit line corresponding to the optimal solution of the m-th group of downstream water discharge limit lines iterated to the k-th generation; is the optimal solution determined by screening the downstream water discharge limit lines of each generation of the m-th group; is the sluice dam downstream water discharge limit line of the m-th group of downstream water discharge limit lines in the k-th generation; (→X p ) represents the corresponding individual optimal downstream water discharge limit line; Gbest k is the global optimal value, that is, the downstream water discharge limit line corresponding to the optimal solution of the individual extreme values of each group iterated to the k-th generation; is the optimal solution determined by screening the downstream water discharge limit lines of each group; (→X g ) represents the corresponding global optimal downstream water discharge limit line.

6. The cascade sluice dam joint scheduling method for river ecological flow and landscape water level according to claim 5, characterized in that In step S8, according to the global extreme value and the individual extreme value, iteratively update the water discharge volume limit lines of each level of sluice dam, and the iteration update speed and position are: Among them, is the evolutionary speed of the m-th group of downstream discharge limit line in the k-th generation; ω is the inertia factor; c1 and c2 are learning factors; R1 and R2 are random numbers between [0, 1]; is the m-th group of downstream discharge limit line after evolution.

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