Low-voltage power supply method for a functional integrated electric drive controller based on an ARM-core single-chip microcomputer

Abstract

The present invention discloses a low-voltage power supply method for a function-integrated electric drive controller based on an ARM-core single-chip microcomputer, which includes step S1: The input power supply is connected to the board through an anti-reverse filtering circuit, thereby obtaining a first power supply for constantly powering the loads on the board. The wake-up circuit determines whether the received wake-up signal is valid, and when it is valid, the transistor is turned on, so as to obtain a second power supply through the first power supply, which is used as the power supply level and enable signal of the flyback power supply chip. The low-voltage power supply method for the function-integrated electric drive controller based on the ARM-core single-chip microcomputer disclosed by the present invention can output multiple low-voltage power supply voltages such as 3.3V, 7.2V, 30V, etc. simultaneously for powering different circuits and loads of the electric drive controller by distinguishing different output channels and different voltage accuracies; and realizes a low-voltage power supply scheme for a function-integrated electric drive controller with high efficiency and low cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of power supply for electric drive controllers, and particularly relates to a low-voltage power supply method for a function-integrated electric drive controller based on an ARM-core single-chip microcomputer. Background Art

[0002] The electric drive controller converts the high-voltage direct current stored in the power battery of a new energy vehicle into alternating current to drive an on-vehicle motor. After the on-vehicle motor rotates, it drives the whole vehicle to move. Generally, the electric drive controller drives the motor to output torque through a vector control method to realize the start-stop and energy recovery of the vehicle. The electric drive controller of a new energy vehicle needs to work for a long time in a harsh working environment of high temperature, high humidity and strong vibration. Under the harsh working environment conditions, the main operation control chip (Microcontroller Unit, MCU) needs to always maintain the functions of accurate calculation, real-time sampling and accurate control of the power of power electronic components.

[0003] At present, the kernel architecture of domestic automotive-grade MCUs widely uses ARM embedded technology, and there are mass production cases in parts such as vehicle lights, instrument panels and vehicle bodies. With the improvement of the software and hardware ecosystem of ARM-core MCUs and the improvement of the process level, ARM-core MCUs have also begun to be used in safety components of new energy vehicles. Compared with traditional MCU architectures such as Infineon and NXP, at the same computing power, ARM-core MCUs can achieve lower power consumption and smaller volume, and are suitable for function-integrated electric drive controllers. Based on the current trend of integration, cost reduction and power consumption reduction of electric drive controllers, it is necessary to design a reasonable low-voltage power supply circuit for the controller to provide sufficient single-board current capacity, improve circuit efficiency, while reducing material usage, cost and supply risk.

[0004] At present, the low-voltage power supply of electric drive controllers mostly adopts a system basis chip (SBC) or an independent power supply cascade scheme. These two power supply schemes have the following disadvantages:

[0005] 1) The current output capacity of the SBC is too low. With the increase of the main frequency of the ARM-core MCU, the power consumption of the CPU increases compared with traditional MCU chips, and with the continuous integration of the functions of the electric drive controller, the increased circuit power consumption also makes it difficult for the SBC to meet the power supply current requirements of the electric drive controller circuit.

[0006] 2) The SBC is expensive, and subject to the market supply and demand relationship, users often face the risk of out-of-stock of the SBC, which is not conducive to cost control.

[0007] 3) The independent power supply cascade scheme includes two levels of DCDC buck and one level of DCDC boost, with low circuit efficiency; it uses many DCDC chips and electronic components, resulting in high circuit cost. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a low-voltage power supply method for a function-integrated electric drive controller based on an ARM-core single-chip microcomputer. Based on the low-voltage power supply level range of a 12V battery in a new energy vehicle, a flyback power circuit topology using a DCDC chip is designed. Multiple isolated output voltages are obtained simultaneously through the flyback power topology, and the outputs can be divided into a main output and an auxiliary output. The main output is used to supply power to the MCU module, with high demand for voltage accuracy; the auxiliary output is used to supply power to the resolver module, the drive module, and other control board peripherals, with low demand for voltage accuracy. By distinguishing different output channels and different voltage accuracies, multiple low-voltage power supply voltages such as 3.3V, 7.2V, and 30V can be output simultaneously to supply power to different circuits and loads of the electric drive controller; a low-voltage power supply solution for a function-integrated electric drive controller with high efficiency and low cost is realized.

[0009] Another purpose of the present invention is to provide a low-voltage power supply method for a function-integrated electric drive controller based on an ARM-core single-chip microcomputer, which adds an MCU enable signal, enabling the MCU to take over the power supply of the whole machine after KL15 is powered off, so as to record the state of the whole machine before power-off, providing a flexible power-off delay time for the software and improving the safety design of the whole machine system.

[0010] To achieve the above purposes, the present invention provides a low-voltage power supply method for a function-integrated electric drive controller based on an ARM-core single-chip microcomputer, including the following steps:

[0011] Step S1: The input power supply (KL30, which is the 12V battery voltage) is connected to the board through an anti-reverse filtering circuit to obtain a first power supply (i.e., power supply 1 in the figure) that constantly supplies power to the loads on the board. The wake-up circuit determines whether the received wake-up signal is valid, and when it is valid, the transistor is turned on, so as to obtain a second power supply (i.e., power supply 2 in the figure) through the first power supply, which is used as the power supply level and enable signal of the flyback power chip.

[0012] Step S2: After the flyback power chip is powered on, it drives the voltage transformer to output three voltages, thus completing the power-on of the controller, where:

[0013] The first output is the third power supply (i.e., power supply 3 in the figure, 30V level), so as to supply power to the resolver circuit and the IGBT drive circuit;

[0014] The second output is the fourth power supply (i.e., power supply 4 in the figure, 3.3V level), so as to supply power to the peripherals of the single-chip microcomputer. The fourth power supply is divided to obtain the feedback pin level of the flyback power chip to dynamically adjust the output of the fourth power supply and ensure the output accuracy; and through the DCDC module of the single-chip microcomputer itself, the output of the fourth power supply is stepped down to obtain the sixth power supply (i.e., power supply 6 in the figure, 0.8V level) to supply power to the core of the single-chip microcomputer.

[0015] The third path outputs the fifth power supply (i.e., power supply 5 in the figure, 7.2V level), and the fifth power supply obtains the seventh power supply (i.e., power supply 7 in the figure, 5V level) through an LDO chip to supply power to the VCU circuit, the in-board control circuit, the NTC sampling circuit, and the loads of the drive board;

[0016] Step S3: After the sixth power supply is established, the single-chip microcomputer issues an enable signal, and this enable signal has an OR relationship with the wake-up signal, so as to control the transistor to turn on and the output of the second power supply; when the wake-up signal is lost, the single-chip microcomputer takes over the output of the second power supply (MCU_EN == 1) to maintain the power supply and enable of the flyback power supply chip, so as to continue to output the fourth power supply and supply power to the single-chip microcomputer, thereby facilitating the single-chip microcomputer to record the overall machine state at this time. After the single-chip microcomputer finishes recording, it stops sending the enable signal (MCU_EN == 0), so that the second power supply stops outputting and the flyback power supply chip is powered down, so that the third power supply, the fourth power supply, the fifth power supply, the sixth power supply, and the seventh power supply are all powered down, and finally the controller is powered down.

[0017] As a further preferred technical solution of the above technical solution, the wake-up circuit is woken up by different wake-up signals (including KL15, ACC, BPS, CAN, etc.), and the output end of the wake-up circuit is connected to the transistor and outputs the second power supply.

[0018] As a further preferred technical solution of the above technical solution, for the first path, the third power supply is 30V level.

[0019] As a further preferred technical solution of the above technical solution, for the second path, the fourth power supply is 3.3V level, and the sixth power supply is 0.8V level.

[0020] As a further preferred technical solution of the above technical solution, for the third path, the fifth power supply is 7.2V level, and the seventh power supply is 5V level. Description of the Drawings

[0021] Figure 1 It is the power supply structure diagram of the low-voltage power supply method of the function-integrated electric drive controller based on the ARM-core single-chip microcomputer of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 It is the power-on and power-off flowchart of the low-voltage power supply method of the function-integrated electric drive controller based on the ARM-core single-chip microcomputer of the present invention. Detailed Embodiment

[0023] The following description is used to disclose the present invention so that those skilled in the art can implement the present invention. The preferred embodiments in the following description are only examples, and other obvious variations can be conceived by those skilled in the art. The basic principles of the present invention defined in the following description can be applied to other implementation schemes, variant schemes, improvement schemes, equivalent schemes, and other technical schemes without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

[0024] In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, those skilled in the art should note that the input power supply and the like involved in the present invention can be regarded as the prior art.

[0025] Preferred embodiment.

[0026] The present invention discloses a low-voltage power supply method for a function-integrated electric drive controller based on an ARM-core single-chip microcomputer, including the following steps:

[0027] Step S1: The input power supply (KL30, which is the 12V battery voltage) is connected to the board through an anti-reverse filtering circuit, thereby obtaining a first power supply (i.e., power supply 1 in the figure) that constantly powers the loads on the board. The wake-up circuit determines whether the received wake-up signal is valid, and when it is valid, the transistor is turned on, thereby obtaining a second power supply (i.e., power supply 2 in the figure) through the first power supply to be used as the power supply level and enable signal of the flyback power supply chip;

[0028] Step S2: After the flyback power supply chip is powered on, it drives the voltage transformer to output three voltages, thereby completing the power-on of the controller, where:

[0029] The first path outputs a third power supply (i.e., power supply 3 in the figure, 30V level) to power the resolver circuit and the IGBT drive circuit;

[0030] The second path outputs a fourth power supply (i.e., power supply 4 in the figure, 3.3V level) to power the peripherals of the single-chip microcomputer. The fourth power supply is divided to obtain the feedback pin level of the flyback power supply chip to dynamically adjust the output of the fourth power supply and ensure the output accuracy; and through the DCDC module of the single-chip microcomputer itself, the output of the fourth power supply is stepped down to obtain a sixth power supply (i.e., power supply 6 in the figure, 0.8V level) to power the core of the single-chip microcomputer;

[0031] The third path outputs a fifth power supply (i.e., power supply 5 in the figure, 7.2V level), and the fifth power supply obtains a seventh power supply (i.e., power supply 7 in the figure, 5V level) through an LDO chip to power the VCU circuit, the in-board control circuit, the NTC sampling circuit, and the loads on the drive board;

[0032] Step S3: After the sixth power supply is established, the single-chip microcomputer issues an enable signal, and this enable signal has an OR relationship with the wake-up signal, so as to control the transistor to turn on and the output of the second power supply; when the wake-up signal is lost, the single-chip microcomputer takes over the output of the second power supply (MCU_EN == 1) to maintain the power supply and enable of the flyback power supply chip, so as to continue to output the fourth power supply and supply power to the single-chip microcomputer, and then facilitate the single-chip microcomputer to record the whole machine state at this time. After the single-chip microcomputer finishes recording, it stops sending the enable signal (MCU_EN == 0) so that the second power supply stops outputting and the flyback power supply chip is powered down, so that the third power supply, the fourth power supply, the fifth power supply, the sixth power supply and the seventh power supply are all powered down, and finally the controller is powered down.

[0033] Specifically, the wake-up circuit is woken up by different wake-up signals (including KL15, ACC, BPS, CAN, etc.), and the output end of the wake-up circuit is connected to the transistor and outputs the second power supply.

[0034] More specifically, for the first path, the third power supply is at a 30V level.

[0035] Furthermore, for the second path, the fourth power supply is at a 3.3V level and the sixth power supply is at a 0.8V level.

[0036] Even further, for the third path, the fifth power supply is at a 7.2V level and the seventh power supply is at a 5V level.

[0037] The hardware circuit architecture described in the present invention is as follows Figure 1 as shown:

[0038] 1) KL30 is the 12V battery voltage, which is connected to the board through an anti-reverse filtering circuit to obtain Power Supply 1, realizing the constant power supply of the 12V load of the controller. The wake-up circuit integrates multiple wake-up methods such as KL15, CAN, BPS, ACC, etc., and the wake-up signal controls the MOS to turn on and outputs Power Supply 2.

[0039] 2) Power Supply 2 serves as the power supply level and enable signal of the flyback power supply chip, driving the transformer to output three paths of voltages: Power Supply 3 is at a 30V level, supplying power to the resolver circuit and the IGBT drive circuit; Power Supply 4 is at a 3.3V level, supplying power to the 3.3V peripherals of the MCU; Power Supply 5 is at a 7.2V level. Among the three paths of outputs, Power Supply 4 supplies power to the MCU module and has the highest precision requirement. Therefore, the feedback pin level of the flyback power supply chip is obtained by dividing the voltage of Power Supply 4 to dynamically adjust the output of Power Supply 4 and ensure the output precision of 3.3V.

[0040] 3) Using the DCDC module of the MCU itself, a 0.8V level Power Supply 6 is obtained by stepping down from 3.3V to supply power to the core of the MCU.

[0041] 4) Due to the coupling effect between the output circuits of the flyback power supply, the load fluctuation of power supply 4 will cause the output voltage of power supply 5 to be unstable. Therefore, it is designed that power supply 7 is obtained from power supply 5 through an LDO (low dropout regulator) chip, and a 5V level is output to supply power to the VCU (Vehicle Control Unit) circuit, other control circuits on the board, the NTC (Negative Temperature Coefficient) sampling circuit, and the 5V load of the drive board.

[0042] 5) After power supply 6 is established, the MCU issues an enable signal, which forms an "OR" relationship with the wake-up signal to control the MOS to turn on to output power supply 2. When the controller is powered down, the wake-up signal is lost, and the MCU takes over the output of power supply 2 to maintain the power supply and enable of the flyback power supply chip, and continues to output power supply 4 to supply power to the MCU so that the MCU can record the overall machine state at this time. After the MCU finishes recording, it stops sending the enable signal, and the flyback power supply chip is powered down. The up and down circuit control scheme designed by the present invention is as Figure 2 shown.

[0043] For the present invention, in terms of software control strategy, on the basis of integrating multiple wake-up sources to achieve the wake-up function, an MCU enable signal is added, so that after KL15 is powered down, the MCU can take over the overall machine power supply to record the overall machine state before power down, providing a flexible power-down delay time for the software and improving the safety design of the overall machine system.

[0044] In terms of the hardware design architecture, the flyback power supply topology of this patent is used to achieve the low-voltage power supply of the electric drive controller, which can avoid using SBC chips or multiple DCDC chips, is beneficial to the controller to integrate more functions, improve the circuit efficiency, reduce the use of materials, is beneficial to the miniaturization of the controller, and reduces costs and supply risks.

[0045] For the present invention, aiming at the power output parts of new energy vehicles, an integrated low-voltage power supply method for an electric drive controller based on an ARM-core single-chip microcomputer is designed, providing a hardware basis for reducing costs and increasing efficiency of the integrated electric drive controller.

[0046] Without affecting the existing functions, the solution uses a domestic ARM-core MCU as the core computing unit, adopts a flyback power topology, and reasonably designs the turns of the primary and secondary coils of the transformer by sorting out the accuracy requirements and load sizes of multiple output voltages, so as to output 3.3V, 7.2V, and 30V voltages simultaneously to supply power to the MCU module, drive chip, other peripherals of the single board, and resolver module. This solution avoids the use of SBC chips, can meet the current demand of the function-integrated electric drive controller, eliminates the supply risk of SBC chips, and reduces the circuit cost. By adopting the flyback power topology, two-stage DCDC buck circuits are reduced, the efficiency loss caused by the independent power cascade circuit can be reduced, which is beneficial to the heat dissipation of the single board. The overall solution achieves the goal of cost reduction and efficiency improvement, and is easy to mass-produce and promote.

[0047] In the function-integrated motor controller of new energy vehicles, aiming at the characteristics of high main frequency and high power consumption of domestic ARM-core MCUs, the present invention designs a flyback power low-voltage power supply architecture, breaks through the power supply current limit of SBCs, provides a solution for integrating more functions into the electric drive controller, and reduces costs and supply risks at the same time. On the basis of ensuring the original function effect, the flyback power supply solution improves the circuit efficiency, reduces the number of electronic components, and reduces the board area occupied by the power supply module, which is beneficial to the miniaturization of the controller.

[0048] In summary, this solution simplifies the hardware circuit of the electric drive controller, reduces the material cost; improves the controller efficiency, improves the safety design of the whole machine system, and effectively improves the product competitiveness.

[0049] It is worth mentioning that the technical features such as the input power supply involved in this invention patent application should be regarded as the prior art. The specific structures, working principles, and possible control methods and spatial layout methods of these technical features can be selected conventionally in this field, and should not be regarded as the invention points of this invention patent. This invention patent will not be further elaborated specifically.

[0050] For those skilled in the art, it is still possible to modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-voltage power supply method for a functionally integrated electric drive controller based on an ARM core single-chip microcomputer, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1: The input power is connected to the board through the anti-reverse filtering circuit, so as to obtain the first power supply for the load in the board. The wake-up circuit determines whether the received wake-up signal is valid and the transistor is turned on when it is valid, so as to obtain the second power supply through the first power supply as the power supply level and enable signal of the flyback power chip; Step S2: After the flyback power supply chip is powered on, the voltage regulator is driven to output three voltages, thereby completing the power-on of the controller, wherein: The first output is a third power supply, thereby supplying power to the resolver circuit and the IGBT drive circuit; The second output is a fourth power supply, so as to supply power to the peripherals of the single-chip microcomputer. The fourth power supply is divided to obtain the feedback pin level of the flyback power supply chip, so as to dynamically adjust the output of the fourth power supply and ensure the output accuracy; and the output of the fourth power supply is stepped down through the DCDC module of the single-chip microcomputer to obtain the sixth power supply, so as to supply power to the core of the single-chip microcomputer; The third path outputs a fifth power supply and the fifth power supply obtains a seventh power supply through an LDO chip to supply power to a VCU circuit, an on-board control circuit, an NTC sampling circuit, and a load of a driver board; Step S3: After the sixth power supply is established, the single-chip microcomputer sends an enable signal and the enable signal is in an OR relationship with the wake-up signal, so as to control the opening of the transistor and the output of the second power supply; when the wake-up signal is invalid, the single-chip microcomputer enables the output of the second power supply to maintain the power supply and enablement of the flyback power supply chip, so as to continue to output the fourth power supply and power the single-chip microcomputer, so as to facilitate the single-chip microcomputer to record the status of the whole machine at this time. After the single-chip microcomputer completes the recording, the enable signal is stopped, so that the second power supply stops outputting and the flyback power supply chip is powered off, so that the third power supply, the fourth power supply, the fifth power supply, the sixth power supply and the seventh power supply are all powered off, and finally the controller is powered off.

2. According to claim 1, a low-voltage power supply method for a functionally integrated electric drive controller based on an ARM core single-chip microcomputer is characterized in that: The wake-up circuit is awakened by different wake-up signals, and the output end of the wake-up circuit is connected to the transistor and outputs the second power supply.

3. The low-voltage power supply method of a functional integrated electric drive controller based on an ARM core single chip according to claim 2 is characterized in that: For the first path, the third power supply is at a 30V level.

4. The low-voltage power supply method of a functionally integrated electric drive controller based on an ARM core single-chip microcomputer according to claim 3 is characterized in that: For the second path, the fourth power supply is at a 3.3V level, and the sixth power supply is at a 0.8V level.

5. According to the low-voltage power supply method of the functional integrated electric drive controller based on the ARM core single-chip microcomputer of claim 4, for the third path, the fifth power supply is 7.2V level, and the seventh power supply is 5V level.

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