Self-propelled deep-rooted crop harvester with excavating and dividing device arranged in the middle

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of self-propelled deep-rooted tuber crop combine harvester of excavating and separating device middle arrangement type, including track walking platform, lifting and hanging platform, oscillating excavating and separating device, pick-up transport system, material collecting device.The present application arranges oscillating excavating and separating device in the middle of track walking platform, effectively improves the stress of unit and improves the operation performance of track chassis;Lifting and hanging platform can drive oscillating excavating and separating device vertical lifting and can dynamically adjust the inclination of oscillating excavating and separating device rack, realizes the dynamic change of excavating and separating device grid into the soil angle, improves the soil performance of excavating and separating device grid;Oscillating excavating and separating device and chain type lifting device all use the vertical movement method of limiting, simplify the whole machine structure scheme and motion control strategy;Using modular design idea, oscillating excavating and separating device completes the excavation and root-soil separation of deep-rooted tuber crop and lays root tuber to ground, pick-up transport system completes the pick-up, lifting and transport work of ground root tuber and transports root tuber to material collecting device.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of root and stem crop harvesting in agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a self-propelled deep-rooted stem crop combine harvester with a middle arrangement type of digging and separating device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Root and stem crops are generally divided into shallow-rooted stem crops (5-20 cm), medium-rooted stem crops (20-40 cm) and deep-rooted stem crops (40-60 cm and above) according to the harvesting depth. With the increase of the rooting depth of root and stem crops, the amount of soil treatment increases, the operation resistance increases, and the operation efficiency decreases during mechanized harvesting, and it is more difficult to mechanize the harvesting of deep-rooted stem crops. At present, deep-rooted stem crops such as liquorice are mainly harvested by using ploughing and digging + manual picking, deep-rooted medicinal material harvesting machine digging + manual picking / mechanical stacking, and special bucket excavator digging.

[0003] At present, self-propelled combined harvesting machines are mainly used for harvesting shallow-rooted and part of medium-rooted stem crops. For example, a grading potato combined harvester (CN103314698B) adopts a tractor semi-suspension hitching mode, can complete the processes of potato digging, soil-potato-stem-grass separation, potato grading, bagging and the like at one time, and is suitable for the combined harvesting of potatoes in medium-sized fields. A full-automatic cassava combined harvester (CN201911214404.X) realizes the combined harvesting of cassava through a digging and soil removing machine and a lateral conveying and loading device connected at the rear end of the digging and soil removing machine. A root and stem crop combined harvester (CN100594771C) is provided with two kinds of blade roller type separating mechanisms and disc cutter type separating mechanisms which can be replaced with each other, can be used for harvesting various root and stem crops, and realizes one machine with multiple uses. A self-propelled tuber harvester (CN103563537B) includes a walking mechanism, an operating mechanism and a digging, conveying and separating mechanism. The digging shovel digs the crops out of the soil, and the crops are transmitted through a planetary wheel, and the adaptability is relatively high. A self-propelled harvesting and picking machine (CN112243673A) mainly includes a picking table assembly, a conveyor and a separating table, and a self-unloading device, and is used for the harvesting and picking of root and stem crops such as potatoes.

[0004] Comprehensive analysis shows that the self-propelled combined harvester for harvesting shallow-rooted and part of medium-rooted stem crops mainly adopts a front-mounted digging part and a rotary lifting mode, and is prone to shearing and torsion under malignant stress when the machine body is long and the operation resistance is large, thereby reducing the working reliability of the harvester. The existing self-propelled combined harvester is limited by the working principle and structural layout, and the harvesting depth is generally within 30 cm, which cannot meet the combined harvesting requirements of deep-rooted stem crops. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the defects in the prior art, the present application provides a self-propelled deep-rooted stem crop combine harvester with a middle arrangement type digging and separating device.

[0006] The device comprises a walking platform, a lifting and hanging platform, a swing digging and separating device, a picking and transporting system and a material collecting device.

[0007] The lifting and hanging platform is provided with a lifting device for vertically adjusting the height of the swing digging and separating device.

[0008] The swing digging and separating device is arranged in the middle of the walking platform and is used for digging and separating roots and soil of deep-rooted stem crops and laying the roots on the ground surface.

[0009] The picking and transporting system is a drum lifting and belt transporting structure, vertically adjusts the height, is used for picking, lifting and transporting the roots on the ground surface and transports the roots to the material collecting device.

[0010] The lifting and hanging platform is arranged in front of the swing digging and separating device, the material collecting device is arranged above the swing digging and separating device, and the picking and transporting system is arranged behind the material collecting device and at the end of the combine harvester.

[0011] On the basis of the above scheme, the walking platform comprises a track chassis, a frame, a power system and a cab.

[0012] The frame is fixedly installed on the vehicle body frame and comprises a cab mounting frame, an engine mounting frame, a lifting and hanging platform mounting seat plate, a guide rail inclined strut beam mounting seat plate, a picking and transporting system mounting frame, a material collecting device mounting frame and an unloading hydraulic cylinder frame ear seat.

[0013] The picking and transporting system mounting frame comprises a picking mounting frame front cross beam, a picking mounting frame rear cross beam, a drum lifting device mounting cross beam, a lifting hydraulic cylinder upper ear seat, a drum lifting device mounting seat plate and a chain lifting device limiting guide plate.

[0014] The lifting hydraulic cylinder upper ear seat is symmetrically installed on the picking mounting frame front cross beam.

[0015] The power system comprises an engine, a vibration exciting hydraulic pump, a working hydraulic pump, a hydraulic valve group, a hydraulic oil tank, a hydraulic oil radiator and an engine diesel tank.

[0016] The exciting hydraulic pump, the working hydraulic pump and the engine output shaft are installed in series; the cab is installed on the cab mounting frame and located at the front end of the lifting hitch platform of the combine harvester.

[0017] On the basis of the above scheme, the lifting hitch platform comprises a guide rail beam group, a lifting frame, two lifting hydraulic cylinders and one inclination adjusting hydraulic cylinder.

[0018] The guide rail beam group comprises guide rail beams, guide rail cross beams, guide rail inclined struts, guide rail beam seats and lifting hydraulic cylinder upper ear seats.

[0019] The guide rail beam seats are fixedly installed at the lower ends of the guide rail beams and fixedly connected with the lifting hitch platform mounting seat plates in the walking platform 1; the guide rail cross beams are fixedly installed at the upper ends of the two guide rail beams, so that the two guide rail beams form a door-shaped frame.

[0020] One end of the guide rail inclined strut is fixedly connected with the guide rail beam, and the other end is fixedly connected with the guide rail inclined strut mounting seat plate in the walking platform; the two groups of lifting hydraulic cylinder upper ear seats are symmetrically installed on the guide rail cross beams.

[0021] The lifting frame comprises a lifting cross beam, a lifting vertical beam, a lifting longitudinal beam, lifting guide rollers, lifting limit rollers, a machine tool suspension plate, lifting hydraulic cylinder lower ear seats and inclination adjusting hydraulic cylinder front ear seats.

[0022] The cross beam, the lifting vertical beam and the lifting longitudinal beam are installed as a well-shaped frame, a plurality of groups of lifting guide rollers are installed on the lifting longitudinal beam and roll up and down along the front and rear sides of the guide rail beams, and a plurality of groups of lifting limit rollers are installed on the lifting longitudinal beam and roll up and down along the inner side plates of the guide rail beams, so as to limit the movement of the lifting frame between the two guide rail beams.

[0023] The machine tool suspension plate is pinned with the lower suspension bracket of the digging and separating device.

[0024] One end of the lifting hydraulic cylinder is pinned with the lifting hydraulic cylinder upper ear seat, and the other end is pinned with the lifting hydraulic cylinder lower ear seat; the lifting frame vertically lifts along the guide rail beams under the action of the lifting hydraulic cylinder; one end of the inclination adjusting hydraulic cylinder is pinned with the inclination adjusting hydraulic cylinder front ear seat, and the other end is pinned with the upper suspension bracket of the digging and separating device.

[0025] The swing and vibration digging and separating device vertically lifts along with the lifting frame, and simultaneously, the inclination of the machine frame in the swing and vibration digging and separating device dynamically changes along with the extension and contraction of the inclination adjusting hydraulic cylinder.

[0026] On the basis of the above scheme, the swing and vibration digging and separating device comprises a digging and separating device machine frame, an upper suspension bracket of the digging and separating device, a lower suspension bracket of the digging and separating device, an exciting motor, a gearbox, a universal joint connecting shaft, an exciting assembly, an exciting swing rod, a swing rod mounting pin and a digging and separating device grid.

[0027] The driving force generated by the excitation motor is distributed to the excitation assembly through the gearbox and the universal joint shaft coupling; the excitation assembly is installed on the digging and separating device rack and is composed of an eccentric shaft, a connecting rod and a shaft mounting seat, drives the excitation swing rod to swing around the front end swing rod mounting pin, and the digging and separating shovels are fixed at the end of the excitation swing rod and swing back and forth with the excitation swing rod; under the coupling action of the forward movement and the back and forth swing of the multiple digging and separating shovels, the deep-rooted stem crops are dug and separated from the root soil.

[0028] On the basis of the above scheme, the pick-up and transfer system comprises a chain lifting device, a roller lifting device and a belt transfer device.

[0029] The pick-up and transfer system is fixed on the walking platform through the pick-up and transfer system mounting frame.

[0030] The chain lifting device comprises a chain lifting frame, a pick-up shovel, a lifting chain, a chain drive motor, a lifting hydraulic cylinder, a lifting hydraulic cylinder lower ear seat and a chain lifting device guide rail; one end of the lifting hydraulic cylinder is connected with the lifting hydraulic cylinder upper ear seat pin, and the other end is connected with the lifting hydraulic cylinder lower ear seat pin; under the extension and retraction action of the lifting hydraulic cylinder, the chain lifting device guide rail vertically rises and falls along the chain lifting device limiting guide plate, and the moving distance adjustment range is 0-600mm.

[0031] The chain drive motor drives the lifting chain to rotate, and lifts the surface roots to the subsequent process; the roller lifting device comprises a roller, a roller shaft, a roller mounting seat and a roller drive motor; the roller is composed of a side plate, a horizontal grid and a spoke plate, and is installed at one end of the roller shaft through multiple spoke plates; the roller shaft is fixedly connected with the roller lifting device mounting seat plate through the roller mounting seat, and rotates under the drive of the roller drive motor, lifts the roots transported by the chain lifting device from the low position to the high position, and the roots fall to the belt transfer device by gravity.

[0032] The belt transfer device comprises a belt frame, a conveying belt and a belt drive motor; the belt transfer device is installed on the pick-up mounting frame front cross beam and the pick-up mounting frame rear cross beam through the belt frame; the belt drive motor drives the conveying belt to rotate and transports the roots from the roller lifting device to the material collecting device.

[0033] On the basis of the above scheme, the material collecting device comprises a material box, a discharging hydraulic cylinder and a material box mounting frame; the material box mounting frame is connected with the material collecting device mounting frame through a pin; one end of the discharging hydraulic cylinder is connected with the discharging hydraulic cylinder frame ear seat through a pin, and the other end is connected with the bottom of the material box; under the extension and retraction action of the discharging hydraulic cylinder, the material box rotates around the pin connection point of the material box mounting frame, completes the discharging action and resets the material box.

[0034] On the basis of the above scheme, the height of the swing and vibration digging and separating device is adjusted within the range of 0-1000mm, and the inclination angle of the rack is adjusted within the range of 0°-10°.

[0035] On the basis of the above scheme, the walking platform is a caterpillar type; the chassis comprises a vehicle body caterpillar and a caterpillar drive hydraulic motor.

[0036] Advantages of the present application:

[0037] The present application arranges the swing-excavation-separation device in the middle of the caterpillar walking platform, effectively improves the force on the unit and enhances the operation performance of the caterpillar chassis, and can meet the requirement of harvesting deep-rooted stem crops (harvesting depth of 40-60 cm and above); the lifting and hanging platform can not only drive the swing-excavation-separation device to vertically lift but also dynamically adjust the inclination angle of the swing-excavation-separation device rack, realizes the dynamic change of the digging and separating grid into the soil, and improves the performance of the digging and separating grid into the soil; the swing-excavation-separation device and the chain type lifting device both adopt the vertical movement method of limiting position, simplifies the whole machine structure scheme and motion control strategy; adopts the modular design thought, the swing-excavation-separation device completes the digging and root-soil separation of deep-rooted stem crops and lays the roots and stems on the ground, the picking and transporting system completes the picking, lifting and transporting of the roots and stems on the ground and transports the roots and stems to the material collecting device, and each operation module is sequentially connected and effectively cooperates, forming a novel combined harvesting scheme. The present application is suitable for the harvesting of root and stem crops, especially deep-rooted stem crops, and has good popularization and application prospect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0038] The present application has the following drawings:

[0039] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the whole machine structure of the present application;

[0040] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the caterpillar walking platform structure of the present application;

[0041] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the lifting and hanging platform structure of the present application;

[0042] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the swing-excavation-separation device structure of the present application;

[0043] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the chain type lifting device structure of the picking and transporting system of the present application;

[0044] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the drum lifting device structure of the picking and transporting system of the present application;

[0045] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the belt transporting device structure of the picking and transporting system of the present application;

[0046] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the material collecting device structure of the present application;

[0047] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the operation principle of the combined harvester of the present application;

[0048] Figure: 1. Crawler walking platform, 101. Crawler chassis, 10101. Vehicle body frame, 10102. Crawler belt, 10103. Crawler belt drive hydraulic motor, 102. Frame, 10201. Cab mounting frame, 10202. Engine mounting frame, 10203. Lifting hitch platform mounting seat plate, 10204. Guide rail diagonal strut beam mounting seat plate, 10205. Pick-up transfer system mounting frame, 1020501. Pick-up mounting frame front cross beam, 1020502. Pick-up mounting frame rear cross beam, 1020503. Roller lifting device mounting cross beam, 1020504. Lifting hydraulic cylinder upper ear seat, 1020505. Roller lifting device mounting seat plate, 1020506. Chain lifting device limiting guide plate, 10206. Material collecting device mounting frame, 10207. Discharge hydraulic cylinder frame ear seat, 103. Power system, 10301. Engine, 10302. Excitation hydraulic pump, 10303. Working hydraulic pump, 10304. Hydraulic valve group, 10305. Hydraulic oil tank, 10306. Hydraulic oil radiator, 10307. Engine diesel tank, 104. Cab. 2. Lifting hitch platform, 201. Guide rail beam group, 20101. Guide rail beam, 20102. Guide rail cross beam, 20103. Guide rail diagonal strut beam, 20104. Guide rail beam seat, 20105. Lifting hydraulic cylinder upper ear seat, 202. Lifting frame, 20201. Lifting cross beam, 20202. Lifting vertical beam, 20203. Lifting longitudinal beam, 20204. Lifting guide roller, 20205. Lifting limiting roller, 20206. Machine suspension plate, 20207. Lifting hydraulic cylinder lower ear seat, 20208. Inclination adjustment hydraulic cylinder front ear seat, 203. Lifting hydraulic cylinder, 204. Inclination adjustment hydraulic cylinder. 3. Oscillating excavating and dividing device, 301. Excavating and dividing device frame, 302. Excavating and dividing device upper suspension frame, 303. Excavating and dividing device lower suspension frame, 304. Excitation motor, 305. Gearbox, 306. Universal joint coupling, 307. Excitation assembly, 308. Oscillating swing rod, 309. Swing rod mounting pin, 310. Excavating and dividing grating. 4 Pick-up transfer system, 401. Chain lifting device, 40101. Chain lifting frame, 40102. Pick-up shovel, 40103. Lifting chain, 40104. Chain drive motor, 40105. Lifting hydraulic cylinder, 40106. Lifting hydraulic cylinder lower ear seat, 40107. Chain lifting device guide rail, 402. Roller lifting device, 40201. Roller, 4020101. Side plate, 4020102. Cross grating, 4020103. Spoke plate, 40202. Roller shaft, 40203. Roller mounting seat, 40204. Roller drive motor, 403. Belt transfer device, 40301. Belt frame, 40302. Conveying belt, 40303. Belt drive motor. 5. Material collecting device, 501. Material box, 502. Discharge hydraulic cylinder, 503. Material box mounting frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The application is further explained in connection with Figures 1-9 The application is further explained in connection with

[0050] As Figure 1 shown, a specific embodiment of a self-propelled deep-rooted stem crop combine harvester with a digging and separating device arranged in the middle is provided.

[0051] The self-propelled deep-rooted stem crop combine harvester with a digging and separating device arranged in the middle comprises a caterpillar walking platform 1, a lifting and hanging platform 2, a swing digging and separating device 3, a picking and transporting system 4, and a material collecting device 5. The guide rail beam group 201 of the lifting and hanging platform 2 is fixed on the caterpillar walking platform 1, the lifting frame 202 is connected with the swing digging and separating device 3 by a pin, and the lifting frame 202 drives the swing digging and separating device 3 to vertically lift along the guide rail beam 20101 under the extension and retraction of the lifting hydraulic cylinder 203. The inclination angle of the swing digging and separating device 3 (the angle between the digging and separating device frame 301 and the horizontal plane) dynamically changes under the extension and retraction of the inclination angle adjusting hydraulic cylinder 204, so as to adjust the digging angle of the digging and separating device grid 310. The chain lifting device 401 of the picking and transporting system 4 vertically lifts along the chain lifting device guide rail 40107 under the extension and retraction of the lifting hydraulic cylinder 40105. With the advance of the combine harvester, the swing digging and separating device 3 completes the digging and root-soil separation of the deep-rooted stem crops and lays the roots and stems on the ground surface, the picking and transporting system 4 completes the picking, lifting, and transporting of the roots and stems on the ground surface and transports the roots and stems to the material collecting device 5, and the harvesting operation is completed.

[0052] As Figure 2As shown, the tracked walking platform 1 includes a tracked chassis 101, a frame 102, a power system 103, a cab 104. The tracked chassis 101 includes a vehicle body frame 10101, a track 10102, a tracked drive hydraulic motor 10103; two tracks 10102 are symmetrically welded on the vehicle body frame 10101. The frame 102 is welded on the vehicle body frame 10101, including a cab mounting rack 10201, an engine mounting rack 10202, a lifting hanging platform mounting seat plate 10203, a guide rail inclined strut beam mounting seat plate 10204, a pickup transfer system mounting rack 10205, a material collecting device mounting rack 10206, and an unloading hydraulic cylinder rack ear seat 10207. The pickup transfer system mounting rack 10205 includes a pickup mounting rack front cross beam 1020501, a pickup mounting rack rear cross beam 1020502, a roller lifting device mounting cross beam 1020503, a lifting hydraulic cylinder upper ear seat 1020504, a roller lifting device mounting seat plate 1020505, and a chain lifting device limiting guide plate 1020506; the lifting hydraulic cylinder upper ear seat 1020504 is symmetrically welded on the pickup mounting rack front cross beam 1020501; the roller lifting device mounting seat plate 1020505 is welded on the roller lifting device mounting cross beam 1020503. The power system 103 includes an engine 10301, a vibration hydraulic pump 10302, a working hydraulic pump 10303, a hydraulic valve group 10304, a hydraulic oil tank 10305, a hydraulic oil radiator 10306, and an engine diesel tank 10307. The vibration hydraulic pump 10302 and the working hydraulic pump 10303 are installed in series with the engine output shaft. The cab 104 is installed on the cab mounting rack 10201 and located at the front end of the combine harvester.

[0053] As Figure 3As shown, the lifting hanging platform 2 comprises a guide rail beam group 201, a lifting frame 202, and two lifting hydraulic cylinders 203 and one inclination adjusting hydraulic cylinder 204. The guide rail beam group 201 comprises guide rail beams 20101, guide rail cross beams 20102, guide rail inclined support beams 20103, guide rail beam seats 20104, and lifting hydraulic cylinder upper ear seats 20105. The guide rail beam seats 20104 are welded at the lower ends of the guide rail beams 20101 and are connected to the lifting hanging platform mounting seat plate 10203 in the crawler walking platform 1 through bolts; the guide rail cross beams 20102 are bolted on the upper ends of the two guide rail beams 20101, so that the two guide rail beams become a door-shaped frame; one end of the guide rail inclined support beam 20103 is bolted to the guide rail beam 20101, and the other end is connected to the guide rail inclined support beam mounting seat plate 10204 in the crawler walking platform 1 through bolts, further reinforcing the guide rail beam 20101. The two groups of lifting hydraulic cylinder upper ear seats 20105 are symmetrically welded on the guide rail cross beams 20102. The lifting frame 202 comprises lifting cross beams 20201, lifting vertical beams 20202, lifting longitudinal beams 20203, lifting guide rollers 20204, lifting limit rollers 20205, machine tool suspension plates 20206, lifting hydraulic cylinder lower ear seats 20207, and inclination adjusting hydraulic cylinder front ear seats 20208. The cross beams 20201, lifting vertical beams 20202, and lifting longitudinal beams 20203 are welded into a well-shaped frame, and eight groups of lifting guide rollers 20204 are installed on the lifting longitudinal beams 20203 and roll up and down along the front and back sides of the guide rail beams 20101; four groups of lifting limit rollers 20205 are installed on the lifting longitudinal beams 20203 and roll up and down along the inner side plates of the guide rail beams 20101, limiting the movement of the lifting frame 202 between the two guide rail beams 20101. The machine tool suspension plates 20206 are pinned to the lower suspension bracket 303 of the digging and dividing device. One end of the lifting hydraulic cylinder 203 is pinned to the lifting hydraulic cylinder upper ear seat 20105, and the other end is pinned to the lifting hydraulic cylinder lower ear seat 20207. The lifting frame 202 vertically lifts along the guide rail beams 20101 under the action of the lifting hydraulic cylinder 203; one end of the inclination adjusting hydraulic cylinder 204 is pinned to the inclination adjusting hydraulic cylinder front ear seat 20208, and the other end is pinned to the upper suspension bracket 302 of the digging and dividing device. The swing and vibration digging and dividing device 3 vertically lifts with the lifting frame 202, and at the same time, the inclination of the frame (the angle between the digging and dividing device frame 301 and the horizontal plane) in the swing and vibration digging and dividing device 3 dynamically changes with the extension and contraction of the inclination adjusting hydraulic cylinder 204. The height of the swing and vibration digging and dividing device 3 is adjusted within the range of 0-1000mm, and the inclination of the frame is adjusted within the range of 0°-10°.

[0054] As Figure 4As shown, the swing excavating device 3 includes excavating device frame 301, excavating device upper suspension frame 302, excavating device lower suspension frame 303, excitation motor 304, gearbox 305, universal joint connecting shaft 306, excitation assembly 307, excitation swing rod 308, swing rod mounting pin 309, excavating shovel grate 310. The driving force generated by the excitation motor 304 is distributed to the excitation assembly 307 through the gearbox 305 and the universal joint connecting shaft 306; the excitation assembly 307 is installed on the excavating device frame 301 and consists of an eccentric shaft, a connecting rod and a shaft mounting seat, which drives the excitation swing rod 308 to swing around the front end swing rod mounting pin 309; the excavating shovel grate 310 is fixed at the end of the excitation swing rod 308 and swings back and forth with the excitation swing rod 308, and under the coupling action of the forward movement and the back-and-forth swing of the three groups of excavating shovel grates 310, the deep-rooted stem crops are excavated and the root soil is separated.

[0055] As shown in Figure 5 The pick-up and transfer system 4 includes chain lifting device 401, drum lifting device 402 and belt transfer device 403. The pick-up and transfer system 4 is fixed on the crawler walking platform 1 through the pick-up and transfer system mounting frame 10205. The chain lifting device 401 includes chain lifting frame 40101, pick-up shovel 40102, lifting chain 40103, chain drive motor 40104, lifting hydraulic cylinder 40105, lifting hydraulic cylinder lower ear seat 40106, chain lifting device guide rail 40107. One end of the lifting hydraulic cylinder 40105 is pinned with the lifting hydraulic cylinder upper ear seat 1020504, and the other end is pinned with the lifting hydraulic cylinder lower ear seat 40106. Under the action of the lifting hydraulic cylinder 40105, the chain lifting device guide rail 40107 vertically lifts along the chain lifting device limiting guide plate 1020506, and the moving distance adjustment range is 0-600mm. The chain drive motor 40104 drives the lifting chain 40103 to rotate, lifting the surface roots to the subsequent process. The drum lifting device 402 includes drum 40201, drum shaft 40202, drum mounting seat 40203, drum drive motor 40204;

[0056] As shown in Figure 6 The drum 40201 is composed of side plates 4020101, cross grating 4020102 and spoke plates 4020103, and is installed at one end of the drum shaft 40202 through multiple groups of spoke plates 4020103; the drum shaft 40202 is fixedly connected with the drum lifting device mounting seat plate 1020505 through bolts through the drum mounting seat 40203, and rotates under the drive of the drum drive motor 40204, lifting the roots transported by the chain lifting device 401 from the low position to the high position, and the roots fall to the belt transfer device 403 by gravity.

[0057] As shown in Figure 7As shown, the belt conveying device 403 comprises a belt frame 40301, a conveying belt 40302, and a belt drive motor 40303; the belt conveying device 403 is installed on the front crossbeam 1020501 and the rear crossbeam 1020502 of the pickup mounting frame by the belt frame 40301; the belt drive motor 40303 drives the conveying belt 40302 to rotate to convey the roots from the roller lifting device 402 to the collecting device 5.

[0058] As shown in Figure 8 As shown, the collecting device 5 comprises a material box 501, a discharging hydraulic cylinder 502, and a material box mounting frame 503; the material box mounting frame 503 is pinned to the collecting device mounting frame 10206; one end of the discharging hydraulic cylinder 502 is pinned to the discharging hydraulic cylinder frame lug 10207, and the other end is pinned to the bottom of the material box 501; the material box 501 rotates around the pinning point of the material box mounting frame 503 under the extension and retraction of the discharging hydraulic cylinder 502 to complete the discharging action and reset the material box.

[0059] As shown in Figure 9 As shown, the operation time sequence of each main working component is as follows:

[0060] (1) Before the harvesting operation, each working component is in the initial state, the lifting hydraulic cylinder 203 is in the retracted state, the lifting frame 202 and the swing-vibration digging device 3 are located at the highest position of the vertical movement stroke; the inclination adjusting hydraulic cylinder 204 is in the extended state, the inclination angle of the swing-vibration digging device 3 frame (the angle between the digging device frame 301 and the horizontal plane) is 0°; the lifting hydraulic cylinder 40105 is in the retracted state, the chain lifting device 401 is located at the highest position of the vertical movement stroke; the discharging hydraulic cylinder 502 is in the retracted state, and the material box 501 is in the horizontal position; the track drive hydraulic motor 10103, the vibration exciting motor 304, the chain drive motor 40104, the roller hydraulic motor 40204, and the belt drive motor 40303 are in the non-working state and do not rotate.

[0061] (2) Start harvesting, each working part starts in turn, ① with the track drive hydraulic motor 10103 rotating, the harvester starts to move at a constant speed, the lifting hydraulic cylinder 203 extends, the lifting frame 202 and the swing digging and separating device 3 slowly descend along the guide rail beam 20101, at the same time, the inclination adjusting hydraulic cylinder 204 first retracts, the inclination angle of the swing digging and separating device 3 frame (the angle between the digging and separating device frame 301 and the horizontal plane) is adjusted to 10°; ② when the digging and separating blade 310 starts to enter the soil, the inclination adjusting hydraulic cylinder 204 extends again, the inclination angle of the swing digging and separating device 3 frame gradually decreases, at the same time, the lifting and conveying hydraulic cylinder 40105 extends to push the chain lifting and conveying device 401 to slowly descend along the chain lifting and conveying device guide rail 40107, the vibration motor 304, the chain drive motor 40104, the drum hydraulic motor 40204 and the belt drive motor 40303 rotate; ③ when the digging and separating blade 310 reaches the set harvesting depth, the inclination angle of the swing digging and separating device 3 frame is adjusted to 0°, the chain lifting and conveying device 401 reaches the set pickup depth, and the harvester works normally.

[0062] (3) Stop harvesting, each working part stops in turn and resets to the initial state, ① with the track drive hydraulic motor 10103 stopping rotating, the harvester stops moving, the lifting hydraulic cylinder 203 retracts, the lifting frame 202 and the swing digging and separating device 3 slowly ascend along the guide rail beam 20101 until reaching the initial state (the highest vertical movement stroke); at the same time, the lifting and conveying hydraulic cylinder 40105 retracts to drive the chain lifting and conveying device 401 to slowly ascend along the chain lifting and conveying device guide rail 40107 until reaching the highest vertical movement stroke of the initial state; ② when the digging and separating blade 310 emerges from the ground surface, the vibration motor 304 and the chain drive motor 40104 stop rotating; when the chain lifting and conveying device 401 reaches the highest vertical movement stroke, the drum hydraulic motor 40204 and the belt drive motor 40303 stop rotating; ③ if the material box 501 needs to be unloaded when it is full, the unloading hydraulic cylinder 502 extends to push the material box 501 to rotate around the material box mounting frame 503 pin joint, the material box 501 is inclined to the set angle to start unloading; after unloading is completed, the unloading hydraulic cylinder 502 retracts to reset the material box 501 to the horizontal position.

[0063] The above implementation manners are only used to illustrate the patent of the application, but not to limit the patent of the application, and the ordinary skilled in the related technical field can make various changes and modifications without departing from the essence and scope of the patent of the application, therefore, all equivalent technical solutions also belong to the scope of the patent of the application, and the patent protection scope of the patent of the application should be defined by the claims.

[0064] The contents not described in detail in the specification belong to the prior art known to the skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A self-propelled deep-rooted tuber crop harvester of the type arranged in the middle of a digging section, characterized in that, The device comprises a walking platform (1), a lifting and hanging platform (2), a swing and digging device (3), a picking and transferring system (4), and a material collecting device (5). The lifting and hanging platform (2) is provided with a lifting device for vertically adjusting the height of the swing and digging device (3). The lifting and hanging platform (2) is provided with an inclination adjusting device for dynamically adjusting the inclination of the swing and digging device (3). The swing and digging device (3) is arranged in the middle of the walking platform (1) and is used for digging and separating root soil of deep-rooted crops and laying the roots on the ground. The picking and transferring system (4) is of a chain lifting, drum lifting, and belt transferring structure, vertically lifting and adjusting the height of the chain lifting device (401) for picking, lifting, and transferring the roots on the ground and conveying the roots to the material collecting device (5). The lifting and hanging platform (2) is arranged in front of the swing and digging device (3), the material collecting device (5) is arranged above the swing and digging device (3), and the picking and transferring system (4) is arranged behind the material collecting device (5) and at the end of the combine harvester. The lifting and hanging platform (2) comprises a guide rail beam group (201), a lifting frame (202), two lifting hydraulic cylinders (203), and one inclination adjusting hydraulic cylinder (204). The guide rail beam group (201) comprises guide rail beams (20101), guide rail cross beams (20102), guide rail inclined support beams (20103), guide rail beam seats (20104), and lifting hydraulic cylinder upper ear seats (20105). The guide rail beam seats (20104) are fixedly installed at the lower ends of the guide rail beams (20101) and are fixedly connected with the lifting and hanging platform mounting seat plates (10203) in the walking platform (1); the guide rail cross beams (20102) are fixedly installed at the upper ends of the two guide rail beams (20101) to make the two guide rail beams into a door-shaped frame. One end of the guide rail inclined support beam (20103) is fixedly connected with the guide rail beam (20101), and the other end is fixedly connected with the guide rail inclined support beam mounting seat plate (10204) in the walking platform (1); two groups of the lifting hydraulic cylinder upper ear seats (20105) are symmetrically installed on the guide rail cross beams (20102). The lifting frame (202) comprises lifting cross beams (20201), lifting vertical beams (20202), lifting longitudinal beams (20203), lifting guide rollers (20204), lifting limit rollers (20205), a machine tool suspension plate (20206), a lifting hydraulic cylinder lower ear seat (20207), and an inclination adjusting hydraulic cylinder front ear seat (20208). The lifting crossbeam (20201), lifting vertical beam (20202), and lifting longitudinal beam (20203) are installed in a well-shaped frame. Multiple sets of lifting guide rollers (20204) are installed on the lifting longitudinal beam (20203) and roll up and down along the front and rear sides of the guide rail beam (20101). Multiple sets of lifting limit rollers (20205) are installed on the lifting longitudinal beam (20203) and roll up and down along the inner side plate of the guide rail beam (20101), limiting the movement of the lifting frame (202) between the two guide rail beams (20101). The machine hanging plate (20206) is pinned to the lower hanging frame (303) of the digging and splitting device; One end of the lifting hydraulic cylinder (203) is pinned to the upper ear seat (20105) of the lifting hydraulic cylinder, and the other end is pinned to the lower ear seat (20207) of the lifting hydraulic cylinder. The lifting frame (202) is vertically lifted and lowered along the guide rail beam (20101) under the action of the lifting hydraulic cylinder (203). One end of the tilt angle adjusting hydraulic cylinder (204) is pinned to the front ear seat (20208) of the tilt angle adjusting hydraulic cylinder, and the other end is pinned to the upper suspension frame (302) of the digging and splitting device. The swing-vibration digging device (3) moves vertically up and down with the lifting frame (202). At the same time, the tilt angle of the frame in the swing-vibration digging device (3) changes dynamically as the tilt angle adjustment hydraulic cylinder (204) extends and retracts. The height of the vibrating excavator (3) can be adjusted within the range of 0-1000mm, and the tilt angle of the frame can be adjusted within the range of 0°-10°.

2. A self-propelled deep-rooted root crop harvester of the intermediate arrangement type of the digging unit, according to claim 1, characterized in that, The walking platform (1) includes a chassis (101), a frame (102), a power system (103), and a driver's cab (104). The frame (102) is fixedly installed on the vehicle frame (10101), including a cab mounting frame (10201), an engine mounting frame (10202), a lifting and attaching platform mounting plate (10203), a guide rail brace beam mounting plate (10204), a pickup and transfer system mounting frame (10205), a material collection device mounting frame (10206), and a discharge hydraulic cylinder frame lug (10207); The pickup and transfer system mounting frame (10205) includes a front crossbeam (1020501), a rear crossbeam (1020502), a roller lifting device mounting crossbeam (1020503), an upper lug seat for the lifting hydraulic cylinder (1020504), a roller lifting device mounting base plate (1020505), and a chain lifting device limiting guide plate (1020506). The upper ear seat (1020504) of the lifting hydraulic cylinder is symmetrically installed on the front crossbeam (1020501) of the pickup mounting frame; the roller lifting device mounting plate (1020505) is fixedly installed on the roller lifting device mounting crossbeam (1020503); The power system (103) includes an engine (10301), a vibration hydraulic pump (10302), a working hydraulic pump (10303), a hydraulic valve group (10304), a hydraulic oil tank (10305), a hydraulic oil radiator (10306), and an engine diesel tank (10307). The exciting hydraulic pump (10302), the working hydraulic pump (10303) and the engine output shaft are installed in series; the cab (104) is installed on the cab mounting frame (10201) and located at the front end of the lifting hitch platform (2) of the combine harvester.

3. A self-propelled deep-rooted root crop harvester of the middle arrangement type of the digging unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The swing excavating device (3) comprises an excavating device frame (301), an upper excavating device suspension frame (302), a lower excavating device suspension frame (303), an exciting motor (304), a gearbox (305), a universal joint connecting shaft (306), an exciting assembly (307), an exciting swing rod (308), a swing rod mounting pin (309) and an excavating grid (310). The driving force generated by the exciting motor (304) is distributed to the exciting assembly (307) through the gearbox (305) and the universal joint connecting shaft (306); the exciting assembly (307) is installed on the excavating device frame (301) and comprises an eccentric shaft, a connecting rod and a shaft mounting seat, and drives the exciting swing rod (308) to swing around the front swing rod mounting pin (309); the excavating grid (310) is fixed at the end of the exciting swing rod (308) and swings back and forth with the exciting swing rod (308); under the coupling action of forward movement and reciprocating swing, a plurality of excavating grids (310) complete the excavation of deep-rooted stem crops and the separation of roots and soil.

4. A self-propelled deep-rooted root crop harvester of the intermediate arrangement type of the digging unit, according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pickup and transfer system (4) comprises a chain lifting device (401), a roller lifting device (402) and a belt transfer device (403). The pickup and transfer system (4) is fixed to the walking platform (1) through a pickup and transfer system mounting frame (10205). The chain lifting device (401) comprises a chain lifting frame (40101), a pickup shovel (40102), a lifting chain (40103), a chain drive motor (40104), a lifting hydraulic cylinder (40105), a lifting hydraulic cylinder lower ear seat (40106) and a chain lifting device guide rail (40107); one end of the lifting hydraulic cylinder (40105) is pinned to the lifting hydraulic cylinder upper ear seat (1020504), the other end is pinned to the lifting hydraulic cylinder lower ear seat (40106), and the chain lifting device guide rail (40107) vertically rises and falls along the chain lifting device limiting guide plate (1020506) under the extension and retraction of the lifting hydraulic cylinder (40105), and the moving distance adjustment range is 0-600mm. The chain drive motor (40104) drives the lifting chain (40103) to rotate, lifting the rhizome on the ground to the subsequent process; the roller lifting device (402) comprises a roller (40201), a roller shaft (40202), a roller mounting seat (40203), and a roller drive motor (40204); the roller (40201) is composed of a side plate (4020101), a horizontal grid (4020102), and a spoke plate (4020103), and is installed at one end of the roller shaft (40202) through a plurality of spoke plates (4020103); the roller shaft (40202) is fixedly connected with the roller lifting device mounting seat plate (1020505) through the roller mounting seat (40203), and rotates under the drive of the roller drive motor (40204), lifting the rhizome transported by the chain lifting device (401) from a low position to a high position, and the rhizome falls to the belt transfer device (403) by gravity; The belt transfer device (403) comprises a belt rack (40301), a conveying belt (40302), and a belt drive motor (40303); the belt transfer device (403) is installed on the front cross beam (1020501) and the rear cross beam (1020502) of the picking mounting rack through the belt rack (40301); the belt drive motor (40303) drives the conveying belt (40302) to rotate, conveying the rhizome from the roller lifting device (402) to the material collecting device (5).

5. A self-propelled deep-rooted root crop harvester of the intermediate arrangement type of the digging unit, according to claim 2, characterized in that, The material collecting device (5) comprises a material box (501), a discharging hydraulic cylinder (502), and a material box mounting rack (503); the material box mounting rack (503) is pinned to the material collecting device mounting rack (10206); one end of the discharging hydraulic cylinder (502) is pinned to the discharging hydraulic cylinder rack ear seat (10207), and the other end is pinned to the bottom of the material box (501); the material box (501) rotates around the pinning point of the material box mounting rack (503) under the extension and retraction of the discharging hydraulic cylinder (502), completes the discharging action, and resets the material box.

6. A self-propelled deep-rooted root crop harvester of the intermediate arrangement type of the digging unit, according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The walking platform (1) is a tracked type; the chassis comprises a vehicle body track (10102) and a track drive hydraulic motor (10103).

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