Material airflow cleaning mechanism for miniaturized peanut harvester

Abstract

The application discloses a material airflow cleaning mechanism for a small peanut harvester, which comprises a centrifugal fan, wherein the centrifugal fan is provided with a fan cover and a fan blade assembly arranged in the fan cover; the fan cover is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, and the air inlet is arranged on a lateral wall of the fan cover; a cleaning cover is fixed on the lateral wall, and the internal space of the cleaning cover is communicated with the internal space of the fan cover through the air inlet; the cleaning cover is provided with an inlet and an outlet; the feeding direction of the material entering the inlet and the discharging direction of the material discharged from the outlet are both perpendicular to the air inlet direction. The material airflow cleaning mechanism is small in structure and compact in size, requires a small installation space, and has a good cleaning effect, so that a cleaning screen is not needed in the peanut harvester, and the miniaturization of the harvester is facilitated.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of cleaning and sorting of peanut pods, and in particular to a material airflow cleaning and sorting mechanism for a small-sized peanut harvester. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the process of harvesting peanuts, the peanut crop needs to be de-fruited to separate the fruit and the stalk, and the peanut pods obtained will inevitably have broken stalks (broken stalks are in a dry state). Therefore, the peanut pods need to be cleaned and sorted. In the prior art, a cleaning airflow screen as shown in patent CN 107493843 A is generally used to perform the cleaning operation. In this mechanism, a vibrating screen is provided, and a fan is provided above and at the tail of the vibrating screen to suck away the broken stalks and other impurities in the peanuts. This structure requires a large installation space and has a large mass, which is not conducive to the miniaturization of the machine. In order to improve the flexibility of the peanut harvester, a cleaning and sorting mechanism with a smaller size and good cleaning effect needs to be redesigned. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application provides a small-sized material airflow cleaning and sorting mechanism for a peanut harvester, which has a small size and good cleaning effect.

[0004] Technical solution: To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the small-sized material airflow cleaning and sorting mechanism for a peanut harvester comprises a centrifugal fan, which has a fan cover and a fan blade assembly arranged in the fan cover. The fan cover has an air inlet and an air outlet. The air inlet is located on the lateral wall of the fan cover, and the air outlet is located on the circumferential wall of the fan cover.

[0005] It also comprises a cleaning cover fixed on the lateral wall. The internal space of the cleaning cover is in communication with the internal space of the fan cover through the air inlet. The cleaning cover has a material inlet and a material outlet. The material inlet direction of the material entering the material inlet and the material discharge direction of the material discharged from the material outlet are both perpendicular to the air inlet direction of the air inlet, that is, the material inlet direction and the material discharge direction are both perpendicular to the axial direction of the fan blade assembly.

[0006] During operation, the peanut material to be cleaned is fed into the cleaning cover from the inlet, the peanut pods in the peanut material can always move in the cleaning cover due to their heavy weight, and are finally discharged from the outlet; the impurities such as broken stalks in the peanut material are sucked into the fan cover from the air inlet due to their light weight, and are discharged from the air outlet. Since the feeding direction and the discharging direction of the cleaning cover are both perpendicular to the air inlet direction of the air inlet, the peanut pods can be prevented from entering the fan cover and the impurities with light weight can be effectively sucked away. The design that the cleaning cover is buckled on the air inlet makes the air flow into the cleaning cover from the inlet and the outlet, and the air flow at the outlet enters the cleaning cover against the direction of the peanut pods, so that the light material can be fully sucked away by the centrifugal fan.

[0007] The above-mentioned outlet is located directly below the cleaning cover, the inlet is located laterally to the cleaning cover, and the inlet is inclined downward. The peanut harvester has a conveying device for conveying the peanut material obliquely upward, the conveying device is connected to the inlet, and the conveying device includes a belt having equally spaced scrapers arranged thereon, so that the belt can convey the peanut material into the inlet.

[0008] Further, the air outlet is fixed with a guide cover having an arc-shaped guide plate, the center of the circular arc of the guide plate is perpendicular to the rotation center of the cleaning cover; so the guide cover can guide the light impurities to one side of the fan cover, and this side is located on the side of the field that has been picked up and harvested by the peanut harvester; the air outlet of the guide cover and the air inlet are located on one side of the guide cover, and the air outlet is opposite to the air inlet; so the light impurities are sucked in from one side and then discharged from the same side.

[0009] Further, the fan blade assembly includes a middle shaft and a plurality of fan blades arranged in a circumferential array around the middle shaft; a gap is formed between the inner side edge of the fan blade and the middle shaft, and first rod members connecting the middle shaft are fixed to both sides of the fan blade, and second rod members are connected between adjacent fan blades.

[0010] Further, the fan cover is composed of a first half shell and a second half shell; the first half shell and the second half shell both have outwardly turned flange portions, and the flange portions of the two are fixedly connected by first screws.

[0011] Further, the first half shell is provided with a first bearing seat supporting the middle shaft of the fan blade assembly. Specifically, the first bearing seat is connected to the first half shell by a first L-shaped plate.

[0012] Further, the cleaning cover is composed of a first cover shell and a second cover shell; the first cover shell and the second cover shell both have outwardly turned flange portions, and the flange portions of the two are fixedly connected by second screws.

[0013] Furthermore, a second bearing housing is mounted on the first housing to support the central shaft of the fan blade assembly. Specifically, the second bearing housing is connected to the first housing via a second L-shaped plate.

[0014] In the above structure, the mating surfaces of the first and second half-shells, as well as the mating surfaces of the first and second covers, coincide, facilitating disassembly for cleaning the interior of the cleaning mechanism. Since the two ends of the central shaft are connected to the first and second bearing seats respectively, and these bearing seats are mounted on the first half-shell and the first cover, disassembling the second half-shell and the second cover does not affect the installation of the fan blade assembly. Furthermore, installing the first and second bearing seats on external mounting bases allows for the installation of the entire airflow cleaning mechanism.

[0015] Beneficial effects: The miniaturized material airflow cleaning mechanism for peanut harvesters of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0016] Beneficial effects:

[0017] (1) The material airflow cleaning mechanism has a small and compact structure, requires very little installation space, and can achieve a good cleaning effect. There is no need to set up a cleaning screen in the peanut harvester, which is conducive to the miniaturization of the machine.

[0018] (2) Setting up a guide cover can throw light impurities to the side away from the unpicked peanuts, preventing impurities from being thrown onto the unpicked peanuts and increasing the difficulty of subsequent processing.

[0019] (3) The structural design of the fan blade assembly allows for a large hollow space in the middle to allow light impurities to pass through and be discharged from the outlet, thus ensuring the cleaning effect.

[0020] (4) The structural design of the cleaning hood and the fan hood allows for easy disassembly and cleaning, as well as the overall assembly and disassembly of the airflow cleaning mechanism. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a first three-dimensional structural diagram of the material airflow cleaning mechanism;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a second three-dimensional structural diagram of the material airflow cleaning mechanism;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a side view of the material airflow cleaning mechanism;

[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 3 AA sectional view of the structure;

[0025] Figure 5 for Figure 3 BB cross-sectional view in the middle;

[0026] Figure 6 is a structural diagram of the fan blade assembly;

[0027] Figure 7 is a structural diagram of the combination of the airflow cleaning mechanism and the conveying device.

[0028] In the figure: 1 - centrifugal fan; 11 - fan cover; 11a - air inlet; 11b - air outlet; 11c - first half shell; 11d - second half shell; 11e - first screw; 12 - fan blade assembly; 121 - central shaft; 122 - fan blade; 123 - first rod; 124 - second rod; 2 - cleaning cover; 21 - material inlet; 22 - material outlet; 23 - first cover shell; 24 - second cover shell; 25 - second screw; 3 - guide cover; 31 - guide plate; 32 - airflow outlet; 41 - first bearing seat; 42 - second bearing seat; 43 - first L-shaped plate; 44 - second L-shaped plate; 5 - conveying device; 51 - ventilation duct; 52 - conveying chain; 53 - scraper; 5a - air outlet; 5b - sliding plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The application will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings.

[0030] As Figures 1-3 shown in the small peanut harvester material airflow cleaning mechanism, which includes a centrifugal fan 1, the centrifugal fan 1 has a fan cover 11 and a fan blade assembly 12 placed in the fan cover 11 (as Figure 4 shown); the fan cover 11 has an air inlet 11a on the lateral wall of the fan cover 11 and an air outlet 11b on the circumferential wall of the fan cover 11.

[0031] The material airflow cleaning mechanism further includes a cleaning cover 2 fixed on the lateral wall, the internal space of the cleaning cover 2 is communicated with the internal space of the fan cover 11 through the air inlet 11a; the cleaning cover 2 has a material inlet 21 and a material outlet 22; as Figure 5 shown, the material entering direction of the material inlet 21 and the material discharging direction of the material outlet 22 are both perpendicular to the air inlet direction of the air inlet 11a, that is, the material entering direction and the material discharging direction are both perpendicular to the axial direction of the fan blade assembly 12.

[0032] During operation, the peanut material to be cleaned is fed into the cleaning hood 2 through the feed inlet 21. The peanut pods, being relatively heavy, remain within the cleaning hood 2 and are eventually discharged through the discharge outlet 22. Impurities such as broken vines, being lightweight, are drawn into the blower hood 11 through the air inlet 11a and discharged through the air outlet 11b. Since the feeding and discharging directions of the cleaning hood 2 are perpendicular to the airflow direction of the air inlet 11a, peanut pods are prevented from entering the blower hood 11, ensuring that lightweight impurities are effectively removed. The design of the cleaning hood 2, which is attached to the air inlet 11a, allows airflow into the cleaning hood 2 from both the feed inlet 21 and the discharge outlet 22. The discharge outlet 22 has an airflow entering the cleaning hood 2 against the direction of the peanut pods, thus ensuring that lightweight materials are fully removed by the centrifugal blower 1.

[0033] The aforementioned material airflow cleaning mechanism has a small and compact structure, requires very little installation space, and can achieve a good cleaning effect. There is no need to set up a cleaning screen in the peanut harvester, which is conducive to the miniaturization of the machine.

[0034] The discharge port 22 is located directly below the cleaning hood 2, and the inlet port 21 is located to the side of the cleaning hood 2, with the inlet port 21 tilted downwards. Figure 7 As shown, the peanut harvester has a conveying device 5 that tilts and conveys peanut material upwards. The conveying device 5 is connected to the feed inlet 21. The design of the conveying assembly 5 includes a fixedly installed ventilation duct 51, on which two conveyor chains 52 are symmetrically mounted. Between the two conveyor chains 52 on both sides of the ventilation duct 51, multiple equidistant scrapers 53 are installed laterally, with their ends fixedly connected to the two conveyor chains 52 on each side. The top of the ventilation duct 51 has an exhaust port 5a, and the lower edge of the exhaust port 5a has an inwardly curved sliding plate 5b. The working principle of this design is as follows: when the upward-sloping air flows through the ventilation duct 51, it will form an overflow airflow at the exhaust port 5a. As the conveyor chains 52 operate, the scrapers 53 drive the material upwards. When the material reaches the exhaust port 5a, the peanut pods and light impurities are blown by the airflow to the cleaning hood 2 for further processing. The soil and stones in the material, due to their larger mass, will slide down the sliding plate 5b back into the ventilation duct 51 and eventually be discharged from the bottom of the duct. This design ensures that stones and soil are effectively separated before the material is fed into the cleaning hood 2, preventing them from mixing into the peanut shells and affecting subsequent processing.

[0035] The guide cover 3 is fixed at the air outlet 11b, and has an arc-shaped guide plate 31, the center of the arc of the guide plate 31 is perpendicular to the rotation center of the cleaning cover 2; thus, the guide cover 3 can guide the light impurities to one side of the fan cover 11, and the side is located at the side of the field which has been harvested by the peanut harvester. The air inlet 11a and the air outlet 32 of the guide cover 3 are located at one side of the guide cover 3, and the air outlet 32 is opposite to the air inlet 11a; thus, the light impurities are sucked from one side and discharged from the same side. By arranging the guide cover 3, the light impurities can be scattered to the side far from the un-harvested side, so as to prevent the impurities from being scattered to the un-harvested peanuts and increasing the difficulty of subsequent processing.

[0036] As shown in Figure 6 The fan blade assembly 12 includes a middle shaft 121, and a plurality of fan blades 122 arranged in a circumferential array around the middle shaft 121; the inner side edge of the fan blade 122 has a gap with the middle shaft 121, and the first rod 123 connecting the middle shaft 121 is fixed on both sides of the fan blade 122, and the second rod 124 is connected between adjacent fan blades 122. The structure design of the fan blade assembly 12 makes the middle part have a large hollow space for the light impurities to pass through and be discharged from the discharge port 22, so as to ensure the cleaning effect.

[0037] As shown in Figure 2 The fan cover 11 is composed of a first half shell 11c and a second half shell 11d; the first half shell 11c and the second half shell 11d both have turned-over flange parts, and the flange parts of the two are fixed and connected by the first screw 11e. The first half shell 11c is provided with the first bearing seat 41 supporting the middle shaft 121 of the fan blade assembly 12. Specifically, the first bearing seat 41 is connected to the first half shell 11c through the first L-shaped plate 43.

[0038] As shown in Figure 1 The cleaning cover 2 is composed of a first cover shell 23 and a second cover shell 24; the first cover shell 23 and the second cover shell 24 both have turned-over flange parts, and the flange parts of the two are fixed and connected by the second screw 25. The first cover shell 23 is provided with the second bearing seat 42 supporting the middle shaft 121 of the fan blade assembly 12. Specifically, the second bearing seat 42 is connected to the first cover shell 23 through the second L-shaped plate 44.

[0039] The split surfaces of the first half shell 11c and the second half shell 11d and the split surfaces of the first cover 23 and the second cover 24 are coincident, so that the inside of the cleaning mechanism can be conveniently disassembled and cleaned. Preferably, the first half shell 11c and the first cover 23 are oppositely welded and fixed to form a first half body, the second half shell 11d and the second cover 24 are oppositely welded and fixed to form a second half body, the split surfaces of the first half body and the second half body are respectively provided with connecting flanges, and the connecting flanges of the two are fixed by a plurality of screws. Since the two ends of the central shaft 121 are respectively connected to the first bearing seat 41 and the second bearing seat 42, and the first bearing seat 41 and the second bearing seat 42 are respectively installed on the first half shell 11c and the first cover 23, when the second half shell 11d and the second cover 24 are disassembled, the installation of the fan blade assembly 12 will not be affected, and the first bearing seat 41 and the second bearing seat 42 can be respectively installed on the external mounting seat to realize the installation of the entire air flow cleaning mechanism. It can be seen that the structure design of the cleaning cover 2 and the fan cover 11 can conveniently disassemble, repair, clean and assemble the entire air flow cleaning mechanism.

[0040] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and refinements without departing from the principles of the present application, and these improvements and refinements should also be considered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A material airflow cleaning mechanism for a miniaturized peanut harvester, comprising a centrifugal fan (1) having a fan cover (11) and a fan blade assembly (12) disposed in the fan cover (11); the fan cover (11) has an air inlet (11a) and an air outlet (11b), the air inlet (11a) is located on the lateral wall of the fan cover (11); characterized in that: a cleaning cover (2) is fixed on the lateral wall, the internal space of the cleaning cover (2) communicates with the internal space of the fan cover (11) through the air inlet (11a); the cleaning cover (2) has a material inlet (21) and a material outlet (22); the material inlet direction of the material into the material inlet (21) and the material discharge direction of the material discharged from the material outlet (22) are perpendicular to the air inlet direction of the air inlet (11a); a guide cover (3) is fixed at the air outlet (11b), the guide cover (3) has an arc-shaped guide plate (31), the center of the arc of the guide plate (31) is perpendicular to the rotation center of the cleaning cover (2); the fan blade assembly (12) comprises a central shaft (121) and a plurality of fan blades (122) arranged in a circumferential array around the central shaft (121); the inner side edge of the fan blade (122) and the central shaft (121) have a gap, and the two sides of the fan blade (122) are fixed with a first rod (123) connected to the central shaft (121), and the second rod (124) is connected between adjacent fan blades (122). The fan cover (11) is composed of a first half shell (11c) and a second half shell (11d); the first half shell (11c) and the second half shell (11d) each have an outwardly turned flange portion, and the flange portions of the two are fixedly connected by a first screw (11e). The first half shell (11c) is provided with a first bearing seat (41) for supporting the central shaft (121) of the fan blade assembly (12). The cleaning cover (2) is composed of a first cover shell (23) and a second cover shell (24); the first cover shell (23) and the second cover shell (24) each have an outwardly turned flange portion, and the flange portions of the two are fixedly connected by a second screw (25).

2. The material air stream cleaning mechanism for a mini-peanut harvester according to claim 1, wherein The first cover shell (23) is provided with a second bearing seat (42) for supporting the central shaft (121) of the fan blade assembly (12).

3. The material air stream cleaning mechanism for a mini-peanut harvester according to claim 2, wherein ​ 4. The material air stream cleaning mechanism for a mini-peanut harvester according to claim 1, wherein ​ 5. The material air stream cleaning mechanism for a mini-peanut harvester according to claim 4, wherein ​

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