A soil quality detection system for cultivated land

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of soil detection technology, specifically to a cultivated land soil quality detection system, which includes a soil real-time monitoring module, a soil environment analysis module, a soil physical analysis module and a comprehensive soil quality analysis module. In the present invention, through real-time continuous monitoring and instant data uploading, the dynamic response capability of soil quality monitoring is significantly enhanced, multivariate data obtained by portable sensors are used to achieve real-time evaluation of soil status, breaking through the time limitation of data collection, ensuring instant acquisition of key soil parameters, including temperature, humidity, salinity and nutrient element concentration, while integrating acoustic spectrum and electromagnetic wave reflection technology to provide in-depth analysis of soil density and physical properties, improve analysis accuracy and the visualization level of soil conditions, expand the boundaries of traditional soil analysis, and improve the scientificity and adaptability of cultivated land soil management strategies through high-frequency data updates and enhanced soil structure analysis.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of soil detection, and in particular to a system for detecting the quality of cultivated land soil. Background Art

[0002] The field of soil testing technology involves a range of methods and equipment used to assess the quality, composition, fertility and presence of various contaminants in the soil, including chemical analysis, physical measurements and biological indicator testing, aimed at ensuring that the soil can support agricultural production and assess the health of the environment. Chemical analysis can detect the content of nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, as well as heavy metals and organic pollutants in the soil. Physical measurements focus on physical properties such as soil density, texture, and water retention capacity, while biological testing evaluates microbial activity and the presence of pests in the soil, which is not only vital to agricultural production, but also a key factor in environmental protection and land management decisions.

[0003] Among them, the cultivated land soil quality detection system refers to an integrated set of equipment and methods for evaluating and monitoring the soil quality of cultivated land to ensure that it is suitable for the growth of crops. The main purpose of the system is to provide farmers and land managers with accurate soil health data to help formulate reasonable fertilization plans, irrigation strategies and crop rotation plans. By continuously monitoring the chemical composition, physical properties and biological activity of the soil, the system can promptly detect soil degradation or pollution problems, so as to take effective measures to maintain or improve soil conditions and enhance agricultural productivity and sustainability.

[0004] Traditional soil quality testing technology mainly relies on intermittent sample collection and subsequent laboratory analysis, and often faces problems of poor data timeliness and slow response speed. Periodic data collection methods are difficult to capture immediate changes in soil conditions, especially when encountering rapid environmental fluctuations, such as rapid changes in soil properties caused by extreme weather events. Conventional methods are difficult to provide timely decision support. In addition, the testing process of the physical and chemical properties of soil is cumbersome and time-consuming, and the analytical equipment is usually not mobile and adaptable, which limits the flexibility and efficiency of testing operations. Technological lags not only increase the risks of agricultural production, but may also lead to misjudgment of soil health status, affecting long-term land management and sustainable crop production. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings in the prior art and to propose a system for detecting the quality of cultivated land soil.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a cultivated land soil quality detection system comprises:

[0007] The soil real-time monitoring module uses portable sensors to continuously monitor the temperature, humidity, salinity, N, P, K element concentrations and pH value of cultivated soil. The data is uploaded to the cloud platform in real time through the network to obtain real-time cultivated soil parameter data;

[0008] The soil environment analysis module analyzes the impact of temperature and humidity changes in the cultivated soil on nutrient absorption and salinity based on the real-time cultivated soil parameter data, identifies potential nutrient imbalance or salinity problems in the cultivated soil based on the analysis results combined with historical and regional environmental data, and obtains cultivated soil environment analysis records;

[0009] The soil physical analysis module uses the cultivated land soil environmental analysis record, applies acoustic spectrum and electromagnetic wave reflection to evaluate the cultivated land soil density, analyzes the conductivity and permeability of the cultivated land soil according to the evaluation results, evaluates the soil physical structure, and generates cultivated land soil physical property data;

[0010] The comprehensive soil quality analysis module comprehensively analyzes the chemical properties and physical structure of the soil based on the physical property data of the cultivated land soil, conducts a comprehensive evaluation of the cultivated land soil structure and nutritional status according to the analysis results, and establishes and outputs a comprehensive cultivated land soil quality detection record.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention, the steps for analyzing the influence of temperature and humidity changes on nutrient absorption and salinity are as follows:

[0012] According to the real-time cultivated land soil parameter data, temperature and humidity data are extracted using the formula:

[0013] ;

[0014] ;

[0015] Calculate the mean and variance of temperature and humidity data to get the mean temperature data and humidity variance data ,in, Representative The soil temperature of cultivated land was measured. Representative The soil moisture of cultivated land was measured. represents the average soil moisture of cultivated land. represents the number of measurements;

[0016] According to the temperature mean data and humidity variance data, the influence of temperature and humidity on nutrient absorption efficiency was analyzed using the formula:

[0017] ;

[0018] Calculate the nutrient absorption efficiency ,in, and are the adjustment coefficients of temperature and humidity on the absorption rate of cultivated soil respectively;

[0019] Combined with the nutrient absorption efficiency, the impact on salinity was evaluated and an enhanced model was used.

[0020] ;

[0021] Calculate the salinity index ,in, is the adjustment factor used to balance the formula and prevent the denominator from being zero.

[0022] As a further solution of the present invention, the steps for obtaining the cultivated land soil environmental analysis record are:

[0023] Integrate the salinity index with the historical salinity data of cultivated soil, analyze the current status and historical changes, and use the difference analysis model:

[0024] ;

[0025] Calculate the difference in salinity and alkali status of cultivated soil ,in, Represents the historical average salinity of cultivated soil;

[0026] According to the difference in the salinity and alkali status of the cultivated soil, the potential nutritional imbalance risk of the cultivated soil is assessed, and the risk assessment model is adopted:

[0027] ;

[0028] Calculate the nutritional imbalance risk index ,in, is the standard deviation of historical salinity, is the mean adjustment coefficient of historical data, and the hyperbolic tangent function is used to adjust the model's sensitivity to extreme values;

[0029] The nutritional imbalance risk index is compared with regional crop growth data to determine soil management and improvement recommendations and form a cultivated land soil environmental analysis record.

[0030] As a further solution of the present invention, the steps of evaluating the soil density of cultivated land are:

[0031] Combined with the above-mentioned cultivated land soil environment analysis records, acoustic spectrum analysis was performed using the formula:

[0032] ;

[0033] Calculate the acoustic soil density index ,in, represents the speed of sound waves in the soil, represents the frequency, and Represents the reflectivity of sound waves at different depths;

[0034] Combined with the above-mentioned cultivated land soil environment analysis records, the reflection characteristics of the soil are analyzed using electromagnetic waves, and the formula is adopted:

[0035] ;

[0036] Calculate the electromagnetic wave soil density index ,in, represents the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave, is the electromagnetic wave reflection power, is the incident power of electromagnetic wave;

[0037] Combining the acoustic soil density index and the electromagnetic wave soil density index, the weighted average method is used to make the final assessment of soil density using the formula:

[0038] ;

[0039] Calculate the comprehensive soil density data ,in, and Represent the weight coefficients of acoustic soil density index and electromagnetic wave soil density index respectively.

[0040] As a further solution of the present invention, the steps for acquiring the physical property data of the cultivated land soil are:

[0041] Using the comprehensive soil density data, the electrical conductivity of the soil was estimated using the formula:

[0042] ;

[0043] Calculate the soil conductivity ,in, is the benchmark conductivity, representing the conductivity of cultivated soil under standard conditions. is the attenuation factor, used to adjust the effect of density on conductivity;

[0044] Using the comprehensive soil density data, the permeability of cultivated soil is evaluated using the formula:

[0045] ;

[0046] Calculate soil permeability ,in, is the base permeability coefficient, which indicates the permeability of cultivated soil under ideal conditions. is the adjustment coefficient of soil density affecting permeability;

[0047] Combined with the soil conductivity and soil permeability , using the data integration formula:

[0048] ;

[0049] Generate soil physical property data for cultivated land, including: and are weighting factors for conductivity and permeability.

[0050] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the steps for comprehensive analysis of the chemical properties and physical structure of the soil are:

[0051] The physical and chemical property data of the cultivated soil were collected and standardized using the formula:

[0052] ;

[0053] ;

[0054] Obtain standardized physical and chemical data and ,in, and is the mean and standard deviation of the soil physical properties data of cultivated land, and are the mean and standard deviation of the chemical property data;

[0055] Based on the standardized physical and chemical data, the formula is used:

[0056] ;

[0057] Calculate the soil comprehensive physical and chemical index .

[0058] According to the soil comprehensive physical and chemical index, the report is generated using the formula:

[0059] ;

[0060] Get a comprehensive report on the soil structure of cultivated land, including: Represents a comprehensive reporting value including the physical and chemical condition of arable soils.

[0061] As a further solution of the present invention, the steps for obtaining the comprehensive quality detection record of cultivated land soil are as follows:

[0062] The soil comprehensive physical and chemical index is used to evaluate the quality of cultivated land soil using the formula:

[0063] ;

[0064] Calculate the comprehensive soil quality rating ,in, and is an adjustment parameter used to adjust the midpoint and steepness of the curve;

[0065] To integrate the soil comprehensive quality rating, the formula is used:

[0066] ;

[0067] Form a soil nutrient status assessment report, including: Indicates the value of soil nutrient status assessment report;

[0068] The comprehensive report on cultivated land soil structure and the soil nutrient status assessment report are combined using the formula:

[0069] ;

[0070] Output comprehensive arable land soil quality test records.

[0071] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are:

[0072] In the present invention, the dynamic response capability of soil quality monitoring is significantly enhanced through real-time continuous monitoring and instant data uploading, and multivariate data obtained by portable sensors is used to realize real-time evaluation of soil status, breaking through the time limitation of data collection, ensuring instant acquisition of key soil parameters, including temperature, humidity, salinity and nutrient element concentration. At the same time, acoustic spectrum and electromagnetic wave reflection technology are integrated to provide in-depth analysis of soil density and physical properties, improve analysis accuracy and the visualization level of soil conditions, expand the boundaries of traditional soil analysis, and improve the scientificity and adaptability of cultivated land soil management strategies through high-frequency data updates and enhanced soil structure analysis. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0073] Figure 1 is a system flow chart of the present invention;

[0074] Figure 2 The present invention is a flow chart for analyzing the influence of temperature and humidity changes on nutrient absorption and salinity;

[0075] Figure 3 A flowchart for obtaining the cultivated land soil environment analysis record of the present invention;

[0076] Figure 4This is a flow chart for evaluating the density of cultivated land soil of the present invention;

[0077] Figure 5 This is a flow chart for obtaining physical property data of cultivated land soil according to the present invention;

[0078] Figure 6 A comprehensive analysis flow chart of the chemical properties and physical structure of the soil of the present invention;

[0079] Figure 7 The present invention is a flowchart for obtaining the comprehensive quality detection record of cultivated land soil. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0080] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0081] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, in the description of the present invention, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0082] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1 , a cultivated land soil quality detection system comprises:

[0083] The soil real-time monitoring module uses portable sensors to continuously monitor the temperature, humidity, salinity, N, P, K element concentrations and pH value of cultivated soil. The data is uploaded to the cloud platform in real time through the network to obtain real-time cultivated soil parameter data;

[0084] The soil environment analysis module analyzes the impact of temperature and humidity changes on nutrient absorption and salinity of cultivated soil based on real-time cultivated soil parameter data. Based on the analysis results and historical and regional environmental data, it identifies potential nutrient imbalance or salinity problems in cultivated soil and obtains cultivated soil environment analysis records.

[0085] The soil physical analysis module uses the cultivated land soil environmental analysis records, applies acoustic spectrum and electromagnetic wave reflection to evaluate the cultivated land soil density, analyzes the conductivity and permeability of the cultivated land soil based on the evaluation results, evaluates the soil physical structure, and generates cultivated land soil physical property data;

[0086] The comprehensive soil quality analysis module comprehensively analyzes the chemical properties and physical structure of the soil based on the physical properties data of cultivated land soil, conducts a comprehensive evaluation of the structure and nutritional status of cultivated land soil according to the analysis results, and establishes and outputs comprehensive cultivated land soil quality detection records.

[0087] Real-time arable soil parameter data include temperature readings, moisture readings, salinity levels, nitrogen concentration, phosphorus concentration, potassium concentration and pH level; arable soil environmental analysis records include temperature trend analysis, moisture trend analysis, nutrient absorption efficiency, salinity status assessment, nutrient imbalance indicators and salinity problem indicators; arable soil physical property data include soil density index, conductivity index, permeability grade and physical structure quality; comprehensive arable soil quality inspection records include an overview of chemical properties, an overview of physical structure, a structural integrity rating and a nutritional status rating.

[0088] See also Figure 2 , the analysis steps of the impact of temperature and humidity changes on nutrient absorption and salinity are as follows:

[0089] According to the real-time cultivated land soil parameter data, the temperature and humidity data are extracted using the formula:

[0090] ;

[0091] ;

[0092] Calculate the mean and variance of temperature and humidity data to get the mean temperature data and humidity variance data ,in, Representative The soil temperature of cultivated land was measured. Representative The soil moisture of cultivated land was measured. represents the average soil moisture of cultivated land. represents the number of measurements;

[0093] According to the temperature mean data and humidity variance data, the influence of temperature and humidity on nutrient absorption efficiency is analyzed using the formula:

[0094] ;

[0095] Calculate the nutrient absorption efficiency ,in, and are the adjustment coefficients of temperature and humidity on the absorption rate of cultivated soil respectively;

[0096] Combined with nutrient absorption efficiency, the impact on salinity was evaluated and an enhanced model was used:

[0097] ;

[0098] Calculate the salinity index ,in, is the adjustment factor used to balance the formula and prevent the denominator from being zero.

[0099] Assume that the 10 temperature measurements are: 15, 14, 16, 17, 15, 14, 13, 18, 17, 16 (unit: Celsius).

[0100] Calculate the average:

[0101] ;

[0102] Assume that the measured values ​​of humidity are: 30%, 35%, 32%, 34%, 33%, 36%, 35%, 31%, 34%, 30%.

[0103] Calculate the average:

[0104] ;

[0105] Substituting into the formula, we get:

[0106] ;

[0107] Get the average temperature Celsius and humidity variance , the temperature is relatively stable, while the humidity fluctuates slightly.

[0108] Assumptions , , combined with the above calculation results, substitute into the formula, and we get:

[0109] ;

[0110] Nutrient absorption efficiency It means that under the current temperature and humidity conditions, plants in cultivated soil are more efficient in absorbing nutrients.

[0111] like ,but:

[0112] ;

[0113] Salt status index , high values ​​indicate that the current soil salinity load is high, and measures may need to be taken to optimize the soil condition of cultivated land.

[0114] See also Figure 3 , the steps for obtaining cultivated land soil environmental analysis records are:

[0115] Integrate the salinity index with the historical salinity data of cultivated soil, analyze the current status and historical changes, and use the difference analysis model:

[0116] ;

[0117] Calculate the difference in salinity and alkali status of cultivated soil ,in, Represents the historical average salinity of cultivated soil;

[0118] According to the difference in the salinity and alkali status of cultivated soil, the potential risk of nutrient imbalance in cultivated soil is assessed, and the risk assessment model is adopted:

[0119] ;

[0120] Calculate the nutritional imbalance risk index ,in, is the standard deviation of historical salinity, is the mean adjustment coefficient of historical data, and the hyperbolic tangent function is used to adjust the model's sensitivity to extreme values;

[0121] Compare the nutritional imbalance risk index with regional crop growth data to determine soil management and improvement recommendations and form a record of arable land soil environmental analysis.

[0122] : The salinity index of the current cultivated soil is 0.872, obtained from the above calculation;

[0123] : The historical average salinity is assumed to be 0.65;

[0124] Substituting into the formula, we get: ;

[0125] Difference This indicates that the salinity of current cultivated land soil has increased compared to the historical average, suggesting the existence of salinity problems caused by environmental changes or improper management.

[0126] : standard deviation of historical salinity data, used to quantify historical variability, assumed to be 0.05;

[0127] : Used to adjust the impact of historical data to balance the nonlinear impact in the formula, assuming it is 0.02;

[0128] : Hyperbolic tangent function, used to smooth and adjust the impact of the difference, making the model more sensitive to extreme values;

[0129] Substitution ,but: ;

[0130] Calculated: ;

[0131] but: ;

[0132] result The results show that compared with historical data, the current salinity has changed significantly, indicating that the nutrient imbalance or other ecological pressure of cultivated soil is high, and corresponding management measures need to be taken. This result can help agricultural managers or farmers identify potential soil problems and make timely adjustments.

[0133] See also Figure 4 , the evaluation steps of cultivated land soil density are:

[0134] Combined with the cultivated land soil environment analysis records, acoustic spectrum analysis was performed using the formula:

[0135] ;

[0136] Calculate the acoustic soil density index ,in, represents the speed of sound waves in the soil, represents the frequency, and Represents the reflectivity of sound waves at different depths;

[0137] Combined with the analysis records of cultivated land soil environment, electromagnetic waves are used to analyze the reflection characteristics of the soil, using the formula:

[0138] ;

[0139] Calculate the electromagnetic wave soil density index ,in, represents the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave, is the electromagnetic wave reflection power, is the incident power of electromagnetic wave;

[0140] The acoustic soil density index and the electromagnetic wave soil density index are combined to use the weighted average method to make the final assessment of soil density using the formula:

[0141] ;

[0142] Calculate the comprehensive soil density data ,in, and Represent the weight coefficients of acoustic soil density index and electromagnetic wave soil density index respectively.

[0143] Assume the following data exists:

[0144] : The speed of sound waves in soil, assumed to be 343 m / s (roughly equivalent to the speed of sound in air);

[0145] : Sound wave frequency, assumed to be 500Hz;

[0146] and : Reflectivity at different depths, assuming (near the surface), (deep);

[0147] Compute the logarithm of the reflectance difference:

[0148] ;

[0149] Sonic Soil Density Index Calculation:

[0150] ;

[0151] Acoustic soil density index obtained Represents the density property of soil in acoustic wave detection. The value is closer to 1, indicating that the density distribution of cultivated soil is relatively uniform.

[0152] : The wavelength of the electromagnetic wave, assumed to be 0.3m (corresponding to 1GHz radio waves);

[0153] and : The reflected and incident powers of the electromagnetic wave are assumed to be 0.05W and 0.1W respectively.

[0154] Calculate the square root of the ratio of reflected to incident power:

[0155] ;

[0156] Electromagnetic wave soil density index calculation:

[0157] ;

[0158] Soil density index obtained by electromagnetic wave reflection The results are significantly lower than those of acoustic spectroscopy analysis, which may be due to the fact that electromagnetic waves are more sensitive to the influence of moisture or other conductive media in the soil.

[0159] and : Assume that both are 0.5, indicating that the two measurement methods are equally important.

[0160] Comprehensive density index calculation:

[0161] ;

[0162] Final soil density index It represents the comprehensive density characteristics of cultivated soil, reflects the influence of acoustic and electromagnetic properties in a more balanced way than the previous two indices, and provides basic data for soil management and further research.

[0163] See also Figure 5 , the steps for obtaining the physical properties data of cultivated land soil are:

[0164] Using the comprehensive soil density data, the electrical conductivity of the soil is estimated using the formula:

[0165] ;

[0166] Calculate the soil conductivity ,in, is the benchmark conductivity, representing the conductivity of cultivated soil under standard conditions. is the attenuation factor, used to adjust the effect of density on conductivity;

[0167] Using comprehensive soil density data, the permeability of cultivated soils was assessed using the formula:

[0168] ;

[0169] Calculate soil permeability ,in, is the base permeability coefficient, which indicates the permeability of cultivated soil under ideal conditions. is the adjustment coefficient of soil density affecting permeability;

[0170] Combined with soil conductivity and soil permeability , using the data integration formula:

[0171] ;

[0172] Generate soil physical property data for cultivated land, including: and are weighting factors for conductivity and permeability.

[0173] Assumptions (obtained according to the above calculation), 5mS / m, is 1.5.

[0174] Substitute into the formula to calculate the conductivity:

[0175] ;

[0176] The conductivity obtained mS / m is lower than the baseline conductivity, indicating that higher cultivated soil density reduces the conductivity of cultivated soil. It is of great significance for evaluating the moisture and salinity status of soil.

[0177] : Base permeability, assumed to be 10 mm / h;

[0178] : Adjustment coefficient, assumed to be 2.

[0179] Calculate the permeability:

[0180] ;

[0181] Calculated permeability mm / h, which was much lower than the baseline value, indicating that the higher soil density significantly reduced the soil permeability, which may affect the soil water movement and root development.

[0182] and : Assume that both are 0.5, indicating equal influence of both on soil physical properties.

[0183] Calculate soil physical properties:

[0184] ;

[0185] Comprehensive soil physical properties values It can provide a quantitative perspective that comprehensively considers the effects of conductivity and permeability to guide the formulation of cultivated land soil improvement and management measures.

[0186] See also Figure 6 , the steps for comprehensive analysis of the chemical properties and physical structure of soil are:

[0187] The physical and chemical properties of cultivated soil were collected and standardized using the formula:

[0188] ;

[0189] ;

[0190] Obtain standardized physical and chemical data and ,in, and is the mean and standard deviation of the soil physical properties data of cultivated land, and are the mean and standard deviation of the chemical property data;

[0191] Based on standardized physical and chemical data, the formula is used:

[0192] ;

[0193] Calculate the soil comprehensive physical and chemical index .

[0194] The report is generated based on the comprehensive physical and chemical index of soil using the formula:

[0195] ;

[0196] Get a comprehensive report on the soil structure of cultivated land, including: Represents a comprehensive reporting value including the physical and chemical condition of arable soils.

[0197] Assume the following data:

[0198] (Soil density, unit: );

[0199] (mean and standard deviation of soil physical data);

[0200] (Soil pH);

[0201] (mean and standard deviation of soil chemistry data);

[0202] Substitute into the formula to calculate:

[0203] ;

[0204] ;

[0205] Meaning, both soil physical data and soil chemical data are one standard deviation above the mean.

[0206] Using the above calculation results, we get:

[0207] ;

[0208] It means that the comprehensive index of cultivated land soil is 1, indicating that the cultivated land soil has reached an optimal state of balance in terms of physical and chemical properties.

[0209] according to , substitute into the formula to calculate:

[0210] ;

[0211] This means that the final composite report of the arable land soil structure is 1, indicating that the optimal soil mass balance has been achieved in the standardized system.

[0212] See also Figure 7 , the steps for obtaining the comprehensive quality test records of cultivated land soil are as follows:

[0213] The soil comprehensive physical and chemical index is used to evaluate the quality of cultivated land soil using the formula:

[0214] ;

[0215] Calculate the comprehensive soil quality rating ,in, and is an adjustment parameter used to adjust the midpoint and steepness of the curve;

[0216] To integrate the comprehensive soil quality rating, the formula is used:

[0217] ;

[0218] Form a soil nutrient status assessment report, including: Indicates the value of soil nutrient status assessment report;

[0219] Combine the contents of the comprehensive report on cultivated land soil structure and the soil nutrient status assessment report using the formula:

[0220] ;

[0221] Output comprehensive arable land soil quality test records.

[0222] Assumptions and , and obtained from the above calculation ,but:

[0223] ;

[0224] The quality score of cultivated land soil is 50, indicating that the structure and nutritional status of the soil are at a medium level.

[0225] Continuing to use the above calculation results, we get:

[0226] ;

[0227] The results show that the reported values ​​are , reflects the comprehensive assessment of the soil in terms of nutrition, with high values ​​indicating that the soil has a good nutritional status.

[0228] Combination and , substituting into the formula:

[0229] ;

[0230] result , which is very close to 1, indicating that during the detection process, the quality of cultivated soil is very close to the optimal state, providing highly optimized soil management and improvement suggestions.

[0231] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention in other forms. Any technician familiar with the profession may use the technical contents disclosed above to change or modify them into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes and apply them to other fields. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the technical solution of the present invention still falls within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A system for detecting soil quality of cultivated land, characterized in that: The system comprises: The soil real-time monitoring module uses portable sensors to continuously monitor the temperature, humidity, salinity, N, P, K element concentrations and pH value of cultivated soil. The data is uploaded to the cloud platform in real time through the network to obtain real-time cultivated soil parameter data; The soil environment analysis module analyzes the impact of temperature and humidity changes in the cultivated soil on nutrient absorption and salinity based on the real-time cultivated soil parameter data, identifies potential nutrient imbalance or salinity problems in the cultivated soil based on the analysis results combined with historical and regional environmental data, and obtains cultivated soil environment analysis records; The soil physical analysis module uses the cultivated land soil environmental analysis record, applies acoustic spectrum and electromagnetic wave reflection to evaluate the cultivated land soil density, analyzes the conductivity and permeability of the cultivated land soil according to the evaluation results, evaluates the soil physical structure, and generates cultivated land soil physical property data; The comprehensive soil quality analysis module comprehensively analyzes the chemical properties and physical structure of the soil based on the physical property data of the cultivated land soil, conducts a comprehensive evaluation of the structure and nutritional status of the cultivated land soil according to the analysis results, and establishes and outputs a comprehensive quality detection record of the cultivated land soil; The steps for analyzing the impact of temperature and humidity changes on nutrient absorption and salinity are as follows: According to the real-time cultivated land soil parameter data, temperature and humidity data are extracted using the formula: ； ； Calculate the mean and variance of temperature and humidity data to get the mean temperature data and humidity variance data ,in, Representative The soil temperature of cultivated land was measured. Representative The soil moisture of cultivated land was measured. represents the average soil moisture of cultivated land. represents the number of measurements; According to the temperature mean data and humidity variance data, the influence of temperature and humidity on nutrient absorption efficiency was analyzed using the formula: ； Calculate the nutrient absorption efficiency ,in, and are the adjustment coefficients of temperature and humidity on the absorption rate of cultivated soil respectively; Combined with the nutrient absorption efficiency, the impact on salinity was evaluated and an enhanced model was used: ； Calculate the salinity index ,in, is the adjustment coefficient, used to balance the formula and prevent the denominator from being zero; The steps for obtaining the cultivated land soil environmental analysis record are as follows: Integrate the salinity index with the historical salinity data of cultivated soil, analyze the current status and historical changes, and use the difference analysis model: ； Calculate the difference in salinity and alkali status of cultivated soil ,in, Represents the historical average salinity of cultivated soil; According to the difference in the salinity and alkali status of the cultivated soil, the potential nutritional imbalance risk of the cultivated soil is assessed, and the risk assessment model is adopted: ； Calculate the nutritional imbalance risk index ,in, is the standard deviation of historical salinity, is the mean adjustment coefficient of historical data, and the hyperbolic tangent function is used to adjust the model's sensitivity to extreme values; The nutritional imbalance risk index is compared with regional crop growth data to determine soil management and improvement recommendations and form a cultivated land soil environmental analysis record.

2. The cultivated land soil quality detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The evaluation steps of the cultivated land soil density are as follows: Combined with the above-mentioned cultivated land soil environment analysis records, acoustic spectrum analysis was performed using the formula: ； Calculate the acoustic soil density index ,in, represents the speed of sound waves in the soil, represents the frequency, and Represents the reflectivity of sound waves at different depths; Combined with the above-mentioned cultivated land soil environment analysis records, the reflection characteristics of the soil are analyzed using electromagnetic waves, and the formula is adopted: ； Calculate the electromagnetic wave soil density index ,in, represents the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave, is the electromagnetic wave reflection power, is the incident power of electromagnetic wave; Combining the acoustic soil density index and the electromagnetic wave soil density index, the weighted average method is used to make the final assessment of soil density using the formula: ； Calculate the comprehensive soil density data ,in, and Represent the weight coefficients of acoustic soil density index and electromagnetic wave soil density index respectively.

3. The cultivated land soil quality detection system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The steps for obtaining the physical property data of the cultivated land soil are as follows: Using the comprehensive soil density data, the electrical conductivity of the soil was estimated using the formula: ； Calculate the soil conductivity ,in, is the benchmark conductivity, representing the conductivity of cultivated soil under standard conditions. is the attenuation factor, used to adjust the effect of density on conductivity; Using the comprehensive soil density data, the permeability of cultivated soil is evaluated using the formula: ； Calculate soil permeability ,in, is the base permeability coefficient, which indicates the permeability of cultivated soil under ideal conditions. is the adjustment coefficient of soil density affecting permeability; Combined with the soil conductivity and soil permeability , using the data integration formula: ； Generate soil physical property data for cultivated land, including: and are weighting factors for conductivity and permeability.

4. The cultivated land soil quality detection system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The steps for comprehensive analysis of the chemical properties and physical structure of the soil are: The physical and chemical property data of the cultivated soil were collected and standardized using the formula: ； ； Obtain standardized physical and chemical data and ,in, and is the mean and standard deviation of the soil physical properties data of cultivated land, and are the mean and standard deviation of the chemical property data; Based on the standardized physical and chemical data, the formula is used: ； Calculate the soil comprehensive physical and chemical index ; According to the soil comprehensive physical and chemical index, the report is generated using the formula: ； Get a comprehensive report on the soil structure of cultivated land, including: Represents a comprehensive reporting value including the physical and chemical condition of arable soils.

5. The cultivated land soil quality detection system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The steps for obtaining the comprehensive quality test record of cultivated land soil are as follows: The soil comprehensive physical and chemical index is used to evaluate the quality of cultivated land soil using the formula: ； Calculate the comprehensive soil quality rating ,in, and is an adjustment parameter used to adjust the midpoint and steepness of the curve; To integrate the soil comprehensive quality rating, the formula is used: ； Form a soil nutrient status assessment report, including: Indicates the value of soil nutrient status assessment report; The comprehensive report on cultivated land soil structure and the soil nutrient status assessment report are combined using the formula: ； Output comprehensive arable land soil quality test records.

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