A reactive power and voltage control strategy optimization method considering transient voltage stability margin

Abstract

The present invention discloses a reactive voltage control strategy optimization method that takes transient voltage stability margin into account, comprising the following steps: S1, establishing a reactive voltage control objective function that takes transient voltage stability margin into account with the goal of maximizing the effective inductive reactive reserve under normal operating conditions, and determining constraints for the reactive voltage control objective function; S2, dividing the voltage control region, determining the inductive margin of each region, and determining the weight coefficient of each generator based on a specific margin; S3, decomposing the reactive voltage control objective function that determines the weight coefficient of each generator, and then solving the decomposed problem to obtain a configuration scheme that maximizes the reactive reserve of the power system; S4, calculating and verifying the maximum reactive power of the configuration scheme that maximizes the reactive reserve, and using the verified configuration scheme as the optimized configuration result of the reactive voltage control strategy. The method of the present invention can effectively improve the dynamic reactive reserve and reduce the power loss of the system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power systems, and in particular to a reactive voltage control strategy optimization method taking transient voltage stability margin into account. Background Art

[0002] The operating state of power systems is significantly affected by system operating modes and load fluctuations, making them prone to voltage overshoots such as "high voltage" and "low voltage." Due to the long-distance and large-radius power supply, local power systems, especially those whose loads are affected by industrial and business production periods and seasonal cyclical fluctuations, experience frequent "low voltage" and significant line losses during specific, short-term periods of heavy load. Meanwhile, during other periods of light load, "high voltage" is more likely to occur, leading to surges in transformer excitation current, increased harmonic components, excessive voltage, and increased network losses. This situation is particularly acute when heavy loads are concentrated at the end of lines and effective changes to the power system's operating mode are impossible. To address these issues, a centralized optimization method based on a power grid model is needed to implement reactive power and voltage control, eliminating voltage overshoots while simultaneously improving network losses in the controlled grid.

[0003] Reactive power voltage control is a key control strategy in power systems, used to maintain voltage stability in power grids. Within this control strategy, voltage stability margin is a key optimization method, which includes reactive power compensation, voltage stability margin, reactive power flow control, and optimization methods. By integrating reactive power compensation equipment, adjusting the direction and amount of reactive power exchange, and combining optimization methods such as mathematical programming, genetic algorithms, or particle swarm optimization, the optimal reactive power distribution scheme can be found to optimize the voltage stability margin and improve the robustness, stability, and economy of the system. Therefore, optimization methods for reactive power voltage control strategies that consider voltage stability margin have important application value in power systems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the existing technology, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to provide a reactive voltage control strategy optimization method taking into account the transient voltage stability margin, so as to improve the dynamic reactive power reserve and reduce the power loss of the system, thereby improving the economy of the system while ensuring the safe and stable operation of the system.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A reactive voltage control strategy optimization method taking transient voltage stability margin into account comprises the following steps:

[0007] S1. With the goal of maximizing the effective inductive reactive power reserve under normal working conditions, establish a reactive power voltage control objective function that takes into account the transient voltage stability margin, and determine the constraints of the reactive power voltage control objective function;

[0008] S2. Divide the voltage control area, determine the inductive margin of each area, and determine the weight coefficient of each generator based on the specific margin;

[0009] S3. Decompose the reactive power voltage control objective function for determining the weight coefficients of each generator, and then solve the decomposed problem to obtain a configuration plan that maximizes the reactive power reserve of the power system;

[0010] S4. Calculate and verify the maximum reactive power of the configuration scheme of the maximum reactive power reserve, and use the verified configuration scheme as the optimized configuration result of the reactive power and voltage control strategy.

[0011] As a preferred solution, in step S1, the reactive voltage control objective function taking into account the transient voltage stability margin is expressed as:

[0012] F(U)=Min{p1Q maxres +p2P loss};

[0013] Q maxres =Σw g Q gmaxres ;

[0014] Among them, Q maxres is the sum of the inductive reactive reserves of the system to be optimized; Q gmaxres is the reactive power reserve of the g-th generator; w g is the weight coefficient of the g-th generator; P loss represents the transmission loss; p1 and p2 are the sum of the inductive reactive reserves Q maxres And the transmission loss P loss The target proportion coefficient.

[0015] As a preferred solution, in step S1, the constraints of the reactive voltage control objective function include:

[0016]

[0017] V gimin <V gi <V gimax i∈N G ;

[0018] V limin <V li <V limax i∈N L ;

[0019] Among them, P i Indicates the active power delivered by the load node to any node in the network; Q i Represents the reactive power reserve of the load node to any node in the network; N represents the total number of nodes in the network; V i 、V j They are the voltage amplitudes from the load node to different nodes in the network. If the node is a generator node, V i is the voltage amplitude of the generator node V gi If the node is a load node, then V i is the voltage amplitude of the load node V li ; V gimin 、V gimax Respectively represent the lower limit and upper limit of the generator node voltage; V limin 、V limax Respectively represent the lower limit and upper limit of the load node voltage; θ ij is the voltage angle difference between different buses; G ij and B ij are the conductance and susceptance of each element in the admittance matrix; N G The subscript G represents the generator, and its overall meaning is the total number of generators; N L The subscript L represents the load, and its overall meaning is the total number of loads.

[0020] As a preferred solution, in step S2, the weight coefficient of any g-th generator is calculated as follows:

[0021]

[0022] Among them, n g is the number of specific margins corresponding to the g-th generator; l k is the kth specific margin corresponding to the gth generator, ω k is the specific margin l k The corresponding importance weight.

[0023] As a preferred solution, in step S3, the reactive voltage control objective function problem is decomposed into a main problem and two sub-problems, wherein:

[0024] Subproblem 1 is: using the voltage regulation index of the capacitor or reactive device and the voltage regulation index of the DC regulated power supply as input, solve the problem of minimizing the total voltage regulation index;

[0025] Sub-problem 2 is: Based on the load node voltage and voltage angle difference, solve the active power of the load node to the network;

[0026] The main problem is to calculate the maximum reactive power reserve from the load node to the network by combining the voltage regulation index of the capacitor or reactive device, the voltage regulation index of the DC regulated power supply, the load node voltage and the voltage angle difference.

[0027] As a preferred solution, the expression of sub-problem 1 is:

[0028]

[0029] Among them, s ci Indicates the voltage regulation index of capacitor or reactive device; s ri Represents the voltage regulation index of the DC regulated power supply; minimizes the total voltage regulation index S k (U) means all s ci and s ri The sum of the indicators.

[0030] As a preferred solution, the expression of sub-problem 2 is:

[0031]

[0032] Among them, P i Indicates the active power of the load node to any node in the network; N indicates the total number of nodes in the network; V i 、V j They are the voltage amplitudes from the load node to different nodes in the network. If the node is a generator node, V i is the voltage amplitude of the generator node V gi If the node is a load node, then V i is the voltage amplitude of the load node V li .

[0033] As a preferred solution, the expression of the main problem is:

[0034]

[0035] in, Indicates the maximum reactive power reserve from the load node to any node in the network; N indicates the total number of nodes in the network from the load node; V i 、V j They are the voltage amplitudes from the load node to different nodes in the network. If the node is a generator node, V i is the voltage amplitude of the generator node V gi If the node is a load node, then V i is the voltage amplitude of the load node V li .

[0036] It is characterized in that the constraints of the main problem and the sub-problems include:

[0037] Vgimin <V gi <V gimax i∈N G ;

[0038] V limin <V li <V limax i∈N L ;

[0039] s ci ≥0,s ri ≥0;

[0040] Among them, V li is the voltage amplitude of any load node, V limin 、V limax Respectively represent the lower limit and upper limit of the load node voltage; N L The subscript L represents the load, and its overall meaning is the total number of loads; N G The subscript G represents the generator, and its overall meaning is the total number of generators; ci It is the voltage regulation index of capacitor or reactive device; ri It is the voltage regulation index of DC regulated power supply.

[0041] A storage medium containing a computer executable program, wherein the computer executable program is used to execute the above-mentioned reactive voltage control strategy optimization method taking transient voltage stability margin into account when executed by a computer processor.

[0042] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0043] The present invention discloses a method for optimizing a reactive voltage control strategy taking transient voltage stability margin into account, comprising: S1, establishing a reactive voltage control objective function taking transient voltage stability margin into account with the goal of maximizing effective inductive reactive reserve under normal working conditions, and determining constraints of the reactive voltage control objective function; S2, dividing voltage control areas, determining the inductive margin of each area, and determining a weight coefficient of each generator based on a specific margin; S3, decomposing the reactive voltage control objective function for determining the weight coefficient of each generator, and then solving the decomposed problem to obtain a configuration scheme that enables the power system to have a maximum reactive reserve; S4, calculating and verifying the maximum reactive power of the configuration scheme for the maximum reactive reserve, and using the verified configuration scheme as the optimized configuration result of the reactive voltage control strategy.

[0044] Compared with the existing technology, the method proposed in the present invention can effectively improve the dynamic reactive power reserve and reduce the power loss of the system, and improve the economy of the system while ensuring the safe and stable operation of the system. In this way, when the voltage drops due to external interference, the reactive power of the line and parallel capacitor is reduced, thereby increasing the reactive power loss, there is sufficient reaction reserve to meet the changes after the interference. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the invention more clear, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0046] Figure 1 The present invention is a flowchart of a reactive voltage control strategy optimization method taking transient voltage stability margin into account.

[0047] Figure 2 3 is a comparison chart of transmission loss before and after optimization in Example 1.

[0048] Figure 3 This is a VQ curve diagram of the static analysis in Example 1.

[0049] Figure 4 This is a graph showing improvement of the actual power margin in the first embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but only represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] The following is a further detailed description through specific implementation methods.

[0052] This paper proposes a method for optimizing reactive power and voltage control strategies that takes transient voltage stability margins into account. First, an analytical model is proposed that relates reactive power limits to maximum excitation current. An optimal search problem is formulated to maximize the effective inductive reactive power reserve under normal operating conditions to ensure a higher voltage stability margin and minimize losses due to various limitations. The voltage control regions are then divided, and the inductive margin for each region is determined. Based on the specified margin, the weight of each generator is determined. Finally, the maximum reactive power is calculated to determine whether the limit is reached at each iteration during the optimal search process for the subproblem. The optimization results are verified using both static analysis and full dynamic simulation.

[0053] Based on the above technical ideas, such as Figure 1 As shown, the present invention discloses a reactive voltage control strategy optimization method taking transient voltage stability margin into account, comprising the following steps:

[0054] S1. With the goal of maximizing the effective inductive reactive power reserve under normal working conditions, establish a reactive power voltage control objective function that takes into account the transient voltage stability margin, and determine the constraints of the reactive power voltage control objective function;

[0055] S2. Divide the voltage control area, determine the inductive margin of each area, and determine the weight coefficient of each generator based on the specific margin;

[0056] S3. Decompose the reactive power voltage control objective function for determining the weight coefficients of each generator, and then solve the decomposed problem to obtain a configuration plan that maximizes the reactive power reserve of the power system;

[0057] S4. Calculate and verify the maximum reactive power of the configuration scheme of the maximum reactive power reserve, and use the verified configuration scheme as the optimized configuration result of the reactive power and voltage control strategy.

[0058] In practice, to promote energy conservation and avoid resource waste, the model aims to ensure sufficient reactive reserve to meet post-interference changes, even when voltage drops caused by external disturbances reduce the reactive power of the line and shunt capacitors, thereby increasing reactive power losses. The reactive reserve is set to zero and varies as a function of the terminal voltage, aiming to reach the generator's reactive reserve limit.

[0059] Therefore, the reactive voltage control objective function can be defined as an optimal search problem; its primary goal is to maximize the effective inductive reactive power reserve under normal operating conditions to ensure a higher voltage stability margin; its secondary goal is to minimize the losses caused by various limitations.

[0060] Based on this, in step S1, the reactive voltage control objective function taking into account the transient voltage stability margin is expressed as:

[0061] F(U)=Min{p1Q maxres +p2P loss}

[0062] Q maxres =∑w g Q gmaxres

[0063] Among them, Q maxres is the sum of the inductive reactive reserves of the system to be optimized; Q gmaxres is the reactive power reserve of the g-th generator; w g is the weight coefficient of the g-th generator; P loss represents the transmission loss; p1 and p2 are the sum of the inductive reactive reserves Q maxres And the transmission loss P loss The target proportion coefficient.

[0064] Since we have the dual objectives of maximizing the inductive reactive reserve and minimizing the transmission loss, we choose, p1<0 and p2>0.

[0065] The constraints of the reactive power and voltage control objective function include:

[0066]

[0067] V gimin <V gi <V gimax i∈N G ;

[0068] V limin <V li <V limax i∈N L ;

[0069] Among them, P i Indicates the active power delivered by the load node to any node in the network; Q i Represents the reactive power reserve of the load node to any node in the network; N represents the total number of nodes in the network; V i 、V j They are the voltage amplitudes from the load node to different nodes in the network. If the node is a generator node, V i is the voltage amplitude of the generator node V gi If the node is a load node, then V i is the voltage amplitude of the load node V li ; V gimin 、V gimaxRespectively represent the lower limit and upper limit of the generator node voltage; V limin 、V limax Respectively represent the lower limit and upper limit of the load node voltage; θ ij is the voltage angle difference between different buses; G ij and B ij are the conductance and susceptance of each element in the admittance matrix; N G The subscript G represents the generator, and its overall meaning is the total number of generators; N L The subscript L represents the load, and its overall meaning is the total number of loads.

[0070] In addition, in practical applications, the following constraints need to be considered:

[0071] T imin <T i <T imax i∈N T ;

[0072] Q Ci*min <Q Ci <Q Ci*max i∈N C ;

[0073] Q gimin <Q gi <Q gimax i∈N G ;

[0074] T i Indicates the transformation ratio of any transformer, T imin 、T imax Respectively represent the lower limit and upper limit of the transformer ratio; Q Ci is the reactive output of any parallel capacitor or reactive device, Q Ci*min , Q Ci*max Respectively represent the lower and upper limits of the reactive output of the parallel capacitor or reactive device; Q gi is the reactive power output of any generator node, Q gimin , Q gimax Respectively represent the lower limit and upper limit of the reactive power output of the generator node; N T The subscript T represents transformer, and its overall meaning is the total number of transformers; N C The subscript C in represents a parallel capacitor or reactive device, and its overall meaning is the total number of parallel capacitors and reactive devices;

[0075] In specific implementation, in step S2, the weight coefficient of any g-th generator is calculated as follows:

[0076]

[0077] Among them, n g is the number of specific margins corresponding to the g-th generator; l k is the kth specific margin corresponding to the gth generator, ω k is the specific margin l k The corresponding importance weight.

[0078] In specific implementation, in step S3, considering that under ideal operating conditions, all generators operate at rated power factors so that the system has the maximum reactive power reserve, the reactive power voltage control objective function problem is decomposed into a main problem and two sub-problems, where:

[0079] Subproblem 1 is: using the voltage regulation index of the capacitor or reactive device and the voltage regulation index of the DC regulated power supply as input, solve the problem of minimizing the total voltage regulation index;

[0080] Sub-problem 2 is: Based on the load node voltage and voltage angle difference, solve the active power of the load node to the network;

[0081] The main problem is to calculate the maximum reactive power reserve from the load node to the network by combining the voltage regulation index of the capacitor or reactive device, the voltage regulation index of the DC regulated power supply, the load node voltage and the voltage angle difference.

[0082] The expression of sub-problem 1 is:

[0083]

[0084] Among them, s ci Indicates the voltage regulation index of capacitor or reactive device; s ri Represents the voltage regulation index of the DC regulated power supply; minimizes the total voltage regulation index S k (U) represents all s ci and s ri The sum of the indicators.

[0085] The expression of sub-problem 2 is:

[0086]

[0087] Among them, P i Indicates the active power of the load node to any node in the network; N indicates the total number of nodes in the network; V i 、V j They are the voltage amplitudes from the load node to different nodes in the network. If the node is a generator node, V i is the voltage amplitude of the generator node V gi If the node is a load node, then V i is the voltage amplitude of the load node V li .

[0088] The main problem is expressed as:

[0089]

[0090] in, Indicates the maximum reactive power reserve from the load node to any node in the network; N indicates the total number of nodes in the network from the load node; V i 、V j They are the voltage amplitudes from the load node to different nodes in the network. If the node is a generator node, V i is the voltage amplitude of the generator node V gi If the node is a load node, then V i is the voltage amplitude of the load node V li .

[0091] The constraints of the main problem and subproblems include:

[0092] V gimin <V gi <V gimax i∈N G ;

[0093] V limin <V li <V limax i∈N L ;

[0094] s ci ≥0,s ri ≥0;

[0095] Among them, V li is the voltage amplitude of any load node, V limin 、V limax Respectively represent the lower limit and upper limit of the load node voltage; N L The subscript L represents the load, and its overall meaning is the total number of loads; N G The subscript G represents the generator, and its overall meaning is the total number of generators; ci It is the voltage regulation index of capacitor or reactive device; ri It is the voltage regulation index of DC regulated power supply.

[0096] In addition, in practical applications, the following constraints need to be considered:

[0097] U=U * ;

[0098] T imin <T i <T imax i∈N T ;

[0099] Q Ci*min <Q Ci <Q Ci*max i∈N C ;

[0100] Q gimin <Q gi <Q gimax i∈N G ;

[0101] U represents the voltage regulation value, U * Indicates the rated voltage value; T i Indicates the transformation ratio of any transformer, T imin 、T imax Respectively represent the lower limit and upper limit of the transformer ratio; Q Ci is the reactive output of any parallel capacitor or reactive device, Q Ci*min , Q Ci*max Respectively represent the lower and upper limits of the reactive output of the parallel capacitor or reactive device; Q gi is the reactive power output of any generator node, Q gimin , Q gimax Respectively represent the lower limit and upper limit of the reactive power output of the generator node; N T The subscript T represents transformer, and its overall meaning is the total number of transformers; N C The subscript C in represents a parallel capacitor or reactive device, and its overall meaning is the total number of parallel capacitors and reactive devices;

[0102] Each subproblem can be solved by a nonlinear optimization problem (NLP) method. The foundation of the interior point method includes three components: barrier optimization with inequality constraints, Lagrangian optimization with equality constraints, and Newton's method for solving nonlinear equations.

[0103] In specific implementation, step S4 calculates the maximum reactive power of the configuration scheme for maximum reactive reserve, and then verifies it through both static analysis and full dynamic simulation. The specific steps are: 1) determining the objectives and simulation method; 2) establishing the corresponding model and setting parameters; 3) performing simulation and analyzing the results. If the preset verification conditions are met, it means that the optimal solution has been reached through iterations in the optimal search process for the subproblems and the main problem. At this point, the resulting configuration scheme is determined as the optimized configuration of the reactive power and voltage control strategy.

[0104] Example 1:

[0105] The following is a specific example of using the method of the present invention to perform evaluation:

[0106] To validate the model, this example uses a simplified WECC system for testing. The system consists of 283 nodes, administratively divided into several zones: BC, WA, MT, ID, Wy, UT, OR, CO, NM, NV, AZ, and CA. The heavy-load areas are located in CA. Some zones, such as WA and MT, are responsible for supplying power to CA via long-distance high-voltage lines. Under normal circumstances, it is assumed that there are no operational constraint violations. Preliminary analysis indicates that several weak areas are prone to voltage instability. Therefore, the system is divided into several different voltage control zones, and a node is selected in each zone for VQ analysis.

[0107] Table 1. Perceptual margins of nine regions before and after optimization

[0108]

[0109] In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed model, this embodiment compares the inductive margin before and after optimization. Unreasonably high reactive margin may lead to a zero solution set of the optimization problem and require additional reactive compensation devices to meet the reactive margin. Therefore, the inductive margin of a system must be carefully determined. Generally, the control variables activated after optimization include 9 generation voltage settings and 2 parallel capacitors. Compared with the initial conditions, the results show that the reactive power reserve of the scheme of the present invention is improved. The voltage distribution of the system is also improved, such as Figure 2 As shown, transmission losses were reduced by 45MW, from 637MW to 592MW.

[0110] The fourth and fifth columns in Table 2 show the reactive power output and voltage at the generator terminal nodes after optimization. Compared with the initial conditions, the results show that the reactive power reserve has been improved.

[0111] Table 2 Reactive power output and voltage of generator terminal nodes before and after optimization

[0112]

[0113] The optimization results were verified from two aspects: static analysis (VQ curve) and full dynamic simulation. Figure 3 In Figure 1, two VQ curves are plotted. Curve "A" is the VQ curve at node 112 in zone 9. Figure 3 In the example, the reaction margin is 200 MVAr, also listed in Table 1. After running the RRMP optimization, the VQ analysis at the same node shows that the reaction margin is improved to 500 MVAr, as shown by curve "B". Similar conclusions are drawn by analyzing the reactive margins of other voltage control areas.

[0114] The improvement of actual power margin after optimization is as follows: Figure 4The figure shows two PV curves. P is the sum of the total real power load, and V is the average voltage. Curve A corresponds to the initial marginal conditions, while curve B corresponds to the optimized conditions. Clearly, the total real power margin has expanded by 300 MW.

[0115] The above examples show that, compared with traditional reactive power optimization methods, the method proposed in the present invention can effectively improve the dynamic reactive power reserve and reduce the power loss of the system, thereby improving the economy of the system while ensuring safe and stable operation of the system.

[0116] Example 2:

[0117] The present invention also provides a storage medium containing a computer executable program, which, when executed by a computer processor, is used to execute the above-mentioned reactive voltage control strategy optimization method taking into account transient voltage stability margin of the present invention.

[0118] The storage medium of the embodiment of the present invention can adopt any combination of one or more computer-readable media. Computer-readable media can be computer-readable signal media or computer-readable storage media. Computer-readable storage media can be, for example, but not limited to, electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, devices or components, or any combination of the above. More specific examples of computer-readable storage media include: an electrical connection with one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the above. In this document, a computer-readable storage medium can be any tangible medium containing or storing a program, which can be used by an instruction execution system, device or device or used in combination with it.

[0119] The code for the computer executable program for performing the operations of the present invention can be written in one or more programming languages, or a combination thereof, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Java, Smalltalk, ++, and conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as "C" or similar programming languages. The program code can be executed entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, as a separate software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In cases involving a remote computer, the remote computer can be connected to the user's computer via any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or can be connected to an external computer.

[0120] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit the technical solutions. Those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent replacements of the technical solutions of the present invention that do not depart from the purpose and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A reactive power voltage control strategy optimization method taking transient voltage stability margin into account, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. With the goal of maximizing the effective inductive reactive power reserve under normal working conditions, establish a reactive power voltage control objective function that takes into account the transient voltage stability margin, and determine the constraints of the reactive power voltage control objective function; Among them, the established reactive power voltage control objective function taking into account the transient voltage stability margin is expressed as: F(U)=Min{p1Q maxres +p2P loss }; Q maxres =∑w g Q gmaxres ; Among them, Q maxres is the sum of the inductive reactive reserves of the system to be optimized; Q gmaxres is the reactive power reserve of the g-th generator; w g is the weight coefficient of the g-th generator; P loss represents the transmission loss; p1 and p2 are the sum of the inductive reactive reserves Q maxres And the transmission loss P loss Target proportion coefficient; The constraints of the reactive voltage control objective function include: V gimin <V gi <V gimax i∈N G ; In limin PV li <In limax i∈N L ; Among them, P i Indicates the active power delivered by the load node to any node in the network; Q i Represents the reactive power reserve of the load node to any node in the network; N represents the total number of nodes in the network; V i 、V j They are the voltage amplitudes from the load node to different nodes in the network. If the node is a generator node, V i is the voltage amplitude of the generator node V gi If the node is a load node, then V i is the voltage amplitude of the load node V li ; V gimin 、V gimax Respectively represent the lower limit and upper limit of the generator node voltage; V limin 、V limax Respectively represent the lower limit and upper limit of the load node voltage; θ ij is the voltage angle difference between different buses; G ij and B ij are the conductance and susceptance of each element in the admittance matrix; N G The subscript G represents the generator, and its overall meaning is the total number of generators; N L The subscript L of represents the load, and its overall meaning is the total number of loads; S2. Divide the voltage control area, determine the inductive margin of each area, and determine the weight coefficient of each generator based on the specific margin; S3. Decompose the reactive voltage control objective function for determining the weight coefficients of each generator, and then solve the decomposed problem to obtain a configuration scheme that enables the power system to have the maximum reactive power reserve; the reactive voltage control objective function problem is decomposed into a main problem and two sub-problems, where: Subproblem 1 is: using the voltage regulation index of the capacitor or reactive device and the voltage regulation index of the DC regulated power supply as input, solve the problem of minimizing the total voltage regulation index; Sub-problem 2 is: Based on the load node voltage and voltage angle difference, solve the active power of the load node to the network; The main problem is to determine the maximum reactive power reserve from the load node to the network by combining the voltage regulation index of the capacitor or reactive device, the voltage regulation index of the DC regulated power supply, the load node voltage, and the voltage angle difference. S4. Calculate and verify the maximum reactive power of the configuration scheme of the maximum reactive power reserve, and use the verified configuration scheme as the optimized configuration result of the reactive power and voltage control strategy.

2. The reactive power voltage control strategy optimization method taking transient voltage stability margin into account according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S2, the weight coefficient of any g-th generator is calculated as follows: Among them, n g is the number of specific margins corresponding to the g-th generator; l k is the kth specific margin corresponding to the gth generator, ω k is the specific margin l k The corresponding importance weight.

3. The reactive power voltage control strategy optimization method taking transient voltage stability margin into account according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The expression of sub-problem 1 is: Among them, s ci Indicates the voltage regulation index of capacitor or reactive device; s ri Represents the voltage regulation index of the DC regulated power supply; minimizes the total voltage regulation index S k (U) represents all s ci and s ri The sum of the indicators.

4. The reactive power voltage control strategy optimization method taking transient voltage stability margin into account according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The expression of sub-problem 2 is: Among them, P i Indicates the active power of the load node to any node in the network; N indicates the total number of nodes in the network; V i 、V j They are the voltage amplitudes from the load node to different nodes in the network. If the node is a generator node, V i is the voltage amplitude of the generator node V gi If the node is a load node, then V i is the voltage amplitude of the load node V li .

5. The reactive power voltage control strategy optimization method taking transient voltage stability margin into account according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The expression of the main problem is: in, Indicates the maximum reactive power reserve from the load node to any node in the network; N indicates the total number of nodes in the network from the load node; V i 、V j They are the voltage amplitudes from the load node to different nodes in the network. If the node is a generator node, V i is the voltage amplitude of the generator node V gi If the node is a load node, then V i is the voltage amplitude of the load node V li .

6. The method for optimizing reactive power and voltage control strategy taking transient voltage stability margin into account according to any one of claims 3, 4 and 5, characterized in that: The constraints of the main problem and sub-problems include: V gimin <V gi <V gimax i∈N G ; V limin <V li <V limax i∈N L ; s ci ≥0,s ri ≥0; Among them, V li is the voltage amplitude of any load node, V limin 、V limax Respectively represent the lower limit and upper limit of the load node voltage; N L The subscript L represents the load, and its overall meaning is the total number of loads; N G The subscript G represents the generator, and its overall meaning is the total number of generators; ci It is the voltage regulation index of capacitor or reactive device; ri It is the voltage regulation index of DC regulated power supply.

7. A storage medium containing a computer executable program, characterized in that When executed by a computer processor, the computer executable program is used to execute the reactive voltage control strategy optimization method taking transient voltage stability margin into account according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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