A composite functional microbial agent loaded with clay mineral / submerged plant-based bio-based carbon fixation material, its preparation method and application

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of composite functional microbial inoculant load clay mineral / submerged plant-based biological carbon sequestration materials and preparation method, by certain proportion submerged plant Vallisneria, Ceratophyllum, Potamogeton, clay mineral sepiolite powder, green detritus powder, kaolin powder, aerobic bacteria yeast, lactic acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, denitrifying bacteria, anaerobic bacteria Bacillus, nitrifying bacteria, phosphorus-fixing bacteria, pseudomonas are constituted, steps are as follows: (1) submerged plant biochar precursor preparation;(2) clay mineral modification treatment;(3) carrier preparation;(4) bacteria culture;(5) microbial inoculant load: under natural conditions, microbial inoculant load, after natural air drying, obtain the material;It also relates to the use of the material, promote microbial activity, improve microbial diversity, effectively improve the bottom condition, provide favorable growth environment for the recovery and reconstruction of submerged plant, significantly promote the growth of submerged plant, further increase the carbon input of submerged plant, enhance the ecological carbon sink function of lake ecosystem.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of lake ecological restoration technology, and more specifically to a composite functional microbial agent-loaded clay mineral / submerged plant-based bio-based carbon fixation material. It also relates to a method for preparing the composite functional microbial agent-loaded clay mineral / submerged plant-based bio-based carbon fixation material, and to the application of the composite functional microbial agent-loaded clay mineral / submerged plant-based bio-based carbon fixation material, which is suitable for ecological restoration projects of eutrophic lakes and rivers. Background Technology

[0002] The restoration and reconstruction of submerged plants is both a key focus and a challenge in lake management and ecological restoration. Sedimentary substrate is a critical limiting factor affecting the establishment and survival of submerged plants. As primary producers and important regulators in aquatic ecosystems, submerged plants significantly influence the biogeochemical cycles of aquatic biomass, thereby impacting greenhouse gas production and emissions from lake ecosystems. Lake sediments are hotspots and key areas for greenhouse gas production. Sediment ecological substrate improvement technologies, which simultaneously remediate bottom sediment and improve the substrate microenvironment to make it suitable for submerged plant growth, are crucial measures for the restoration and construction of healthy aquatic ecosystems.

[0003] Biochar is a highly stable and multifunctional carbon-rich material with enormous application potential in areas such as carbon sink reduction and enhancement, soil fertility improvement, and environmental pollution remediation. Currently, the raw materials for biochar production mainly consist of agricultural straw, sawdust, fruit shells, sludge, and livestock manure, and the preparation technology is mostly a single direct pyrolysis method. Biochar prepared using this technology typically has limited adsorption capacity and often fails to meet the application requirements for removing specific pollutants in practical work, thus limiting its application. The carbon sequestration and emission reduction effect of biochar mainly depends on two processes: carbon sequestration during biomass pyrolysis and carbon sequestration after biochar is introduced into sediments. Therefore, developing submerged plant-based bio-based carbon sequestration materials with high carbon sequestration rates and stability is of significant theoretical and practical importance for the resource utilization of plant-based biomass and the promotion of carbon emission reduction. Submerged plants are an important component of aquatic ecosystems, characterized by wide distribution, high yield, and rapid reproduction. Excessive reproduction and decomposition of submerged plants release large amounts of accumulated nutrients into lake ecosystems, affecting the composition of lake sediment microbial communities and exacerbating eutrophication and the greenhouse effect. Given the important role of submerged plants in lake ecosystems, this study synthesizes composite functional microbial agents loaded with clay mineral / submerged plant-based biomaterials. These composite functional microbial agents, loaded with clay mineral / submerged plant-based biomaterials, possess high carbon fixation capacity and stability. Through biochar carbon fixation and emission reduction, sediment ecological substrate improvement, and submerged vegetation restoration and reconstruction, this approach achieves a win-win situation of sediment ecological substrate improvement, submerged vegetation restoration and reconstruction, and emission reduction and carbon sequestration, while simultaneously realizing the resource utilization of submerged plants. This provides a scientific basis for promoting carbon neutrality. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the technical challenges of severe endogenous pollution of the bottom sediment in existing eutrophic lakes and rivers, which is detrimental to the growth and restoration of submerged plants, the present invention aims to provide a composite functional microbial agent-loaded clay mineral / submerged plant-based bio-based carbon fixation material. This material has a reasonable formulation and is easy to use. The addition of clay minerals enhances the carbon fixation capacity and adsorption performance of biochar. By loading the composite functional microbial agent, a composite functional microbial agent-loaded clay mineral / submerged plant-based bio-based carbon fixation material is prepared, promoting microbial activity, increasing microbial diversity, and effectively improving bottom sediment conditions.

[0005] Another objective of this invention is to provide a method for preparing clay mineral / submerged plant-based bio-based carbon fixation materials loaded with composite functional microbial agents. The method is easy to implement and simple to operate. This method enables the biomass resource reuse of a large amount of submerged plant residues produced by lake and river ecosystems, reducing secondary pollution to the environment.

[0006] Another objective of this invention is to provide an application of composite functional microbial agents loaded with clay minerals / submerged plant-based bio-based carbon sequestration materials in the restoration of submerged plants, which provides a favorable growth environment for the restoration and reconstruction of submerged plants, significantly promotes the growth of submerged plants, further increases the carbon input of submerged plants, and enhances the ecological carbon sink function of lake ecosystems.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical measures:

[0008] The technical concept of this invention includes: collection of submerged plants, preparation of submerged plant-based biochar precursor, modification of clay minerals, carrier preparation, bacterial culture, bacterial agent loading, planting of submerged plants, setting up of culture environment and growth of submerged plants.

[0009] A composite functional microbial agent-loaded clay mineral / submerged plant-based bio-based carbon fixation material (composite functional microbial agent-loaded clay mineral / submerged plant-based bio-based carbon fixation material substrate conditioner), which is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0010] Raw material weight parts

[0011] Submerged plant Vallisneria natans 12-22

[0012] Goldfish algae 10-20

[0013] Potamogeton 8-18

[0014] Clay mineral sepiolite powder 6-12

[0015] Green silica powder 14-24

[0016] Kaolin powder 15-25

[0017] Anaerobic bacteria and yeast 8-15

[0018] Anaerobic lactic acid bacteria 8-15

[0019] Anaerobic bacteria and photosynthetic bacteria 24-35

[0020] Anaerobic bacteria and denitrifying bacteria 20-35

[0021] aerobic bacteria Bacillus 5-8

[0022] Aerobic bacteria and nitrifying bacteria 5-10

[0023] Aerobic bacteria and phosphorus-fixing bacteria 5-9

[0024] Aerobic bacteria, Pseudomonas 5-8.

[0025] A composite functional microbial agent loaded with clay mineral / submerged plant-based bio-based carbon fixation material, which is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0026] Raw material weight parts

[0027] Submerged plant Vallisneria natans 14-20

[0028] Goldfish algae 12-18

[0029] Potamogeton 9-17

[0030] Clay mineral sepiolite powder 7-11

[0031] Green silica powder 15-23

[0032] Kaolin powder 16-24

[0033] Anaerobic bacteria and yeast 10-14

[0034] Anaerobic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria 10-14

[0035] Anaerobic bacteria and photosynthetic bacteria 26-32

[0036] Anaerobic bacteria and denitrifying bacteria 25-33

[0037] Aerobic Bacillus 5-7

[0038] Aerobic bacteria and nitrifying bacteria 6-9

[0039] Aerobic bacteria and phosphorus-fixing bacteria 6-9

[0040] Aerobic bacteria, Pseudomonas 5-8.

[0041] A composite functional microbial agent loaded with clay mineral / submerged plant-based bio-based carbon fixation material, which is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0042] Raw material weight parts

[0043] Submerged plant Vallisneria natans 16-18

[0044] Goldfish algae 14-16

[0045] Potamogeton 11-15

[0046] 9-10g of sepiolite powder, a clay mineral

[0047] Green silica powder 17-21

[0048] Kaolin powder 18-22

[0049] Anaerobic bacteria and yeast 11-13

[0050] Anaerobic bacteria and lactic acid bacteria 11-13

[0051] Anaerobic bacteria and photosynthetic bacteria 27-31

[0052] Anaerobic bacteria, denitrifying bacteria 26-32

[0053] aerobic bacteria Bacillus 6-7

[0054] Aerobic bacteria and nitrifying bacteria 6-8

[0055] Aerobic bacteria and phosphorus-fixing bacteria 6-8

[0056] Aerobic bacteria, Pseudomonas 6-7.

[0057] A composite functional microbial agent loaded with clay mineral / submerged plant-based bio-based carbon fixation material, which is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0058] Raw material weight parts

[0059] Submerged plant Vallisneria natans 17

[0060] Goldfish algae 15

[0061] Potamogeton 13

[0062] 9.5g of sepiolite powder, a clay mineral.

[0063] Green bleach powder 18

[0064] Kaolin powder 19

[0065] Anaerobic bacteria and yeast 12

[0066] Anaerobic lactic acid bacteria 12

[0067] Anaerobic bacteria and photosynthetic bacteria 30

[0068] Anaerobic bacteria and denitrifying bacteria 29

[0069] Aerobic Bacillus 6.5

[0070] Aerobic bacteria and nitrifying bacteria 7

[0071] Aerobic bacteria and phosphorus-fixing bacteria 7

[0072] Aerobic bacteria Pseudomonas 6.5.

[0073] Through the aforementioned technical measures, among the three clay minerals, the most crucial is chlorodiasite powder, an iron-rich montmorillonite. Its adjacent Fe-Fe structures in the dioctahedral layers facilitate electron transfer, resulting in a low redox potential and high reactivity. Many functional microorganisms can utilize the structural iron [Fe(III)] in chlorodiasite as an electron acceptor, reducing it to structural ferrous iron [Fe(II)], thus influencing the biogeochemical cycles of various redox-sensitive elements such as carbon and nitrogen. Furthermore, they can generate hydroxyl radicals through pathways such as activated molecular oxygen to degrade pollutants. Among the eight bacteria mentioned above, the most critical are photosynthetic bacteria, denitrifying bacteria, and nitrifying bacteria. Photosynthetic bacteria can absorb oxygen-consuming factors in water, effectively reducing oxygen-consuming substances in the water and indirectly increasing dissolved oxygen in the water, providing a better growth environment for aquatic organisms, thereby promoting their growth and development. Nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria play an important role in the nitrogen cycle. Nitrifying bacteria can convert ammonia nitrogen and nitrite into nitrate, which can be utilized by algae, thus purifying the water. Denitrifying bacteria can reduce nitrate nitrogen to nitrogen gas, reducing nitrogen accumulation in water and sediment.

[0074] The optimal ratio of the above 14 raw materials was obtained through extensive experimental research and engineering applications. Sepiolite powder, a 2:1 porous clay mineral, possesses advantages such as large specific surface area, good adsorption performance, structural stability, easy availability, and low price. Kaolin powder is also a widely distributed and inexpensive clay mineral with excellent adsorption and ion exchange properties. Sepiolite powder, chlorite powder, and kaolin powder (kaolin) can promote the growth and metabolism of microorganisms, thereby affecting the carbon and nitrogen cycle. This invention combines the above 14 materials in a specific ratio, fully utilizing their characteristics and advantages to prepare a composite functional microbial agent-loaded clay mineral / submerged plant-based bio-based carbon sequestration material. Through biochar carbon sequestration and emission reduction, sediment ecological substrate improvement, and submerged vegetation restoration and reconstruction, it achieves a win-win situation of sediment ecological substrate improvement, submerged vegetation restoration and reconstruction, and emission reduction and carbon sequestration enhancement while simultaneously realizing the resource utilization of submerged plants.

[0075] A method for preparing clay mineral / submerged plant-based bio-based carbon fixation material supported by a composite functional microbial agent, comprising the following steps:

[0076] (1) Collection of submerged plants: Collect submerged plants such as Vallisneria natans, Ceratophyllum demersum, and Potamogeton crispus, remove the roots and rotten leaves, soak in tap water for 4-6 hours to remove surface attachments, and rinse with tap water (2-4 times); after draining, place in an oven and blanch at 105 ℃ for 14-16 min. Dry at 68-72 ℃ to constant weight, pulverize and pass through a 90-110 mesh sieve, dry and store in a dry glass bottle for later use.

[0077] (2) Preparation of biochar precursors from submerged plants: The oxygen-limited heating carbonization method was adopted. The powders of submerged plants, such as Vallisneria natans, Ceratophyllum demersum and Potamogeton crispus, prepared in step (1) were mixed in proportion, placed in a crucible, compacted and sealed, and placed in an adjustable programmable tube vacuum resistance furnace. Under a nitrogen atmosphere, the temperature was increased to about 500 ℃ at a heating rate of 9-11 ℃ / min. The mixture was carbonized at a constant temperature for about 3 h. After naturally cooling to room temperature (20-25 ℃), the sample was taken out, ground through a 90-110 mesh sieve, and stored in a dry glass bottle for later use.

[0078] (3) Clay mineral modification treatment: Modified clay minerals were prepared by chemical activation and microwave pyrolysis. Selected clay minerals, sepiolite powder, chlorite powder, and kaolin powder were mixed with dilute hydrochloric acid solution (hydrogen ion concentration of 0.5-10 mol / L) at a solid-liquid mass ratio of 1:10-1:30. The mixture was stirred in a water bath at 45-55 ℃ for 1-2 h. After the reaction, the mixture was washed with tap water until the suspension was neutral. After draining, the mixture was placed in an oven and dried at 45-55 ℃ to constant weight. The mixture was then activated at a heating power of 600-1200 W and a microwave frequency of 2.45 GHz for 5-30 min to prepare modified clay minerals.

[0079] (4) Carrier preparation: Clay mineral / submerged plant-based bioporous materials were prepared using pyrolysis-activation coupling technology. Modified sepiolite powder, modified chlorite powder and modified kaolin powder obtained in step (3) were mixed evenly in a certain proportion and then mixed evenly with the submerged plant biochar precursor obtained in step (2) at a mass ratio of 1:4. The above dry base raw materials were mixed evenly with 0.5-1 mol / L magnesium chloride solution at a ratio of 1:5-1:10 using hydrothermal activation treatment and then placed in a micro hydrothermal reactor. After the reaction was completed, the solid-liquid mixture in the reactor was transferred to a dry beaker and solid-liquid separation was performed by vacuum filtration. The obtained solid product was the hydrothermal sample. After drying the hydrothermal sample obtained in this step, place it in a programmable tube vacuum resistance furnace with adjustable temperature rise. Under a nitrogen atmosphere, heat the sample at a rate of 9-11 °C / min to a carbonization temperature of 350-500 °C, and carbonize at a constant temperature for about 3 hours. After cooling to room temperature (20-25 °C), remove the sample and grind it through a 90-110 mesh sieve to obtain clay mineral / submerged plant-based bioporous material.

[0080] (5) Microbial culture: The compound microbial agent is prepared by mixing and culturing anaerobic bacteria (yeast, lactic acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, denitrifying bacteria) and aerobic bacteria (Bacillus, nitrifying bacteria, phosphorus-fixing bacteria, Pseudomonas). Weigh each fermentation substrate according to the weight of each component, inoculate with the compound microbial strain at an inoculation rate of 3%-5%, adjust the pH to 7.0, autoclave, and prepare the fermentation broth for later use. The compound microbial agent contains 65%-80% anaerobic bacteria and 20-35% aerobic bacteria by mass percentage. Inoculate each of the above strains into the fermentation substrate and incubate at 30-35℃ for 4-6 days on a constant temperature shaker to obtain the compound microbial agent.

[0081] The anaerobic bacteria (yeast, lactic acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, denitrifying bacteria) and aerobic bacteria (Bacillus, nitrifying bacteria, phosphorus-fixing bacteria, Pseudomonas, Sphingosine monocytogenes) mentioned above were all purchased from the market.

[0082] (6) Microbial agent loading: The clay mineral / submerged plant-based bioporous material prepared in step (4) is immersed in the composite microbial agent obtained in step (5) and loaded with microbial agent under natural conditions. After loading is completed, the bioporous material is air-dried naturally to obtain composite functional microbial agent loaded clay mineral / submerged plant-based bioporous material.

[0083] In this invention, after adding clay minerals in step (4), the carbon content of submerged plant-based biochar can be increased by 40-50%, and the carbon retention of submerged plant-based biochar can be increased by 60%-80%.

[0084] In this invention, the most crucial step (6) involves loading a composite functional microbial agent onto a clay mineral / submerged plant-based bioporous material to prepare a composite functional microbial agent-loaded clay mineral / submerged plant-based biocarbon sequestration material. Currently, for the removal of complex pollutants in water bodies, the ability of using biochar or clay minerals alone as adsorbents is limited. Combining them is a better way to improve related performance. The combination of clay minerals and biochar can enhance the controllability of the material structure and the stability of its performance. The addition of clay minerals can improve the carbon sequestration capacity and adsorption performance of biochar. The porous matrix of biochar can provide support for clay minerals, thereby improving the adsorption performance of pollutants in water and enhancing the ecological carbon sequestration function of the water body.

[0085] This invention is the first to prepare composite functional microbial agent-loaded clay mineral / submerged plant-based bio-derived porous materials for carbon sequestration. This method enables the biomass resource reuse of large quantities of submerged plant residues produced by lake and river ecosystems, reducing secondary pollution to the environment. By adding clay minerals, the carbon sequestration capacity and adsorption performance of biochar are improved. Loading composite functional microbial agents onto the clay mineral / submerged plant-based bio-derived porous materials provides microorganisms with the nutrients and habitats needed for growth, promoting microbial growth and reproduction, increasing microbial diversity, and expanding the stable carbon pool synthesized by microorganisms, thereby indirectly increasing carbon sequestration.

[0086] In this invention, the composite functional microbial agent loaded with clay mineral / submerged plant-based bioporous material can be applied to improve the bottom sediment of eutrophic lakes, improve the habitat environment of sediment microorganisms, enhance microbial activity, promote the assimilation stability of microorganisms and carbon-based burial effect, and indirectly increase sediment carbon sequestration; it also changes sediment properties, inhibits signal molecule and electron transfer between microorganisms and enzyme secretion, and regulates greenhouse gas emissions; the composite functional microbial agent loaded with clay mineral / submerged plant-based bioporous material combines with the original organic matter and minerals of the sediment to form an organic-mineral complex, and promotes the secretion of mycelia, cementing substances and a series of hydrophobic proteins by microorganisms, which can improve the stability of sediment aggregates and increase the stability of sediment carbon pools.

[0087] The application of a composite functional microbial agent loaded with clay mineral / submerged plant-based bio-based carbon fixation material in the restoration of submerged plants involves the following steps:

[0088] A. Modified clay minerals, including sepiolite powder, chlorite powder, and kaolin powder, were prepared using hydrochloric acid activation-microwave pyrolysis coupling technology. The modified clay minerals were then mixed with submerged plant biochar precursor at a mass ratio of 1:4 using pyrolysis-activation coupling technology. A hydrothermal sample was obtained by hydrothermal activation with magnesium chloride (MgCl2) solution and carbonized at approximately 400 °C for 3 h under a nitrogen atmosphere to prepare clay mineral / submerged plant-based bioporous materials. Clay mineral / submerged plant-based bioporous materials were also prepared using pyrolysis and activation treatments.

[0089] B. The prepared clay mineral / submerged plant-based bio-derived porous material is soaked in a composite microbial agent and fermented at around 30 ℃ for 5-7 days. After the loading is completed, the bio-derived porous material is naturally air-dried to obtain composite functional microbial agent-loaded clay mineral / submerged plant-based bio-derived carbon fixation material.

[0090] C. Spread the prepared bio-based carbon fixation material on the surface of the sediment. The sediment thickness is about 10 cm and the spreading thickness is 3-5 cm. Plant submerged plants such as Vallisneria natans, Ceratophyllum demersum, Potamogeton crispus, and pairs of plants.

[0091] D. After 4 weeks of planting, the average plant height of submerged plants in the following groups increased by approximately 50%, 80%, 70%, 65%, 85%, and 70%, respectively: Vallisneria natans group, Hydrilla verticillata group, Potamogeton crispus group, Vallisneria natans + Hydrilla verticillata group, Hydrilla verticillata + Potamogeton crispus group, and Vallisneria natans + Potamogeton crispus group.

[0092] E. After 4 weeks of planting, the average biomass of submerged plants in the following groups increased by approximately 80%, 70%, 90%, 105%, 120%, and 105%, respectively: Vallisneria natans group, Hydrilla verticillata group, Potamogeton crispus group, Vallisneria natans + Hydrilla verticillata group, Hydrilla verticillata + Potamogeton crispus group, and Vallisneria natans + Potamogeton crispus group.

[0093] F. After 4 weeks of planting, the average net photosynthetic rate of submerged plants in the following groups increased by approximately 60%, 40%, 50%, 70%, 80%, and 75%, respectively.

[0094] J. By applying a composite functional microbial agent loaded with clay mineral / submerged plant-based bio-based carbon sequestration material, the average plant height, biomass, and net photosynthetic rate of submerged plants can be significantly increased. In particular, the average plant height, biomass, and photosynthetic rate of the mixed group of submerged plants are significantly improved. This indicates that the composite functional microbial agent loaded with clay mineral / submerged plant-based bio-based carbon sequestration material of this invention can significantly promote the growth of submerged plants. By increasing the photosynthesis and biomass carbon pool of submerged plants, it enhances their ability to capture atmospheric CO2, thereby increasing the ecological carbon sequestration function of the lake ecosystem. In this invention, the composite functional microbial agent loaded with clay mineral / submerged plant-based bio-based porous material can be applied to the restoration of submerged plants. The application of the composite functional microbial agent loaded with clay mineral / submerged plant-based bio-based porous material can change sediment properties, improve the bioavailability of nutrients, promote the growth and development of aquatic plants, increase the photosynthesis and biomass carbon pool of aquatic plants, strengthen the connection between aquatic plants and microorganisms, thereby increasing the carbon sequestration potential of sediments and enhancing the ecological carbon sequestration function of the lake ecosystem.

[0095] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and beneficial effects of the method of the present invention are as follows:

[0096] 1. In this invention, a large amount of submerged plant residues produced by the lake ecosystem are recycled and reused through biochar, thereby reducing secondary pollution to the environment.

[0097] 2. In this invention, the carbon fixation performance and stability of submerged plant-based biochar are improved by adding modified clay minerals, and multifunctional clay mineral / submerged plant-based biomaterials can be synthesized in a controllable manner.

[0098] 3. In this invention, by loading multifunctional microorganisms, a green and controllable synthetic composite functional microbial agent is used to load clay mineral / submerged plant-based bio-source carbon fixation material, thereby enhancing microbial activity and improving microbial diversity.

[0099] 4. In this invention, the composite functional microbial agent loaded with clay mineral / submerged plant-based bio-based carbon sequestration material can effectively improve the bottom sediment conditions of lakes, provide a favorable growth environment for the restoration and reconstruction of submerged plants, significantly promote the growth of submerged plants, further increase the carbon input of submerged plants and the carbon sequestration potential of sediments, and enhance the ecological carbon sink function of lake ecosystems.

[0100] 5. In this invention, step (3) uses a combination of chemical activation and microwave pyrolysis to modify clay minerals, overcoming the limitations of a single modification method and improving the specific surface area, porosity, and surface activity of the modified clay minerals. The clay minerals are leached by microwave pyrolysis-activated alumina reacting with hydrochloric acid to prepare acid-activated-microwave pyrolysis composite modified clay minerals. After modification, the number of acid sites on the surface of the clay minerals and their specific surface area are significantly increased, the number of pores and the average pore size of the clay minerals are improved, and the pore size distribution becomes more concentrated.

[0101] 6. In this invention, the pyrolysis-activation coupling technology is used in step (4) to prepare clay mineral / submerged plant-based bioporous materials, which improves the porosity and surface activity of the clay mineral / submerged plant-based composite material, and enhances the controllability of the material structure, adsorption promotion and carbon fixation stability.

[0102] 7. In this invention, in steps (5) and (6), the types of microorganisms are abundant and the content of microorganisms is high, which promotes microbial activity and improves microbial diversity.

[0103] 8. Compared with the prior art, the present invention is simple to operate, has a wide range of applications, and low economic cost. It can not only improve the bottom sediment microenvironment, but also promote the growth of submerged plants. On the one hand, it can effectively reduce the nutrient content of eutrophic lake bottom sediment, inhibit the release of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients in the bottom sediment, and improve and stabilize water quality. On the other hand, it can further increase the carbon input of submerged plants and enhance the ecological carbon sink function of the lake ecosystem.

[0104] 9. After applying bio-based carbon sequestration materials, the emission flux, bubbling flux, and average diffusion flux of greenhouse gases at the water-air interface and sediment-water interface of the lake ecosystem were reduced by more than 60%, 30%, and 50%, respectively. Detailed Implementation

[0105] To better understand the present invention, the following embodiments further illustrate the content of the present invention, but the content of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0106] Example 1:

[0107] A composite functional microbial agent loaded with clay mineral / submerged plant-based bio-based carbon fixation material, which is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0108] Raw material weight parts

[0109] Submerged plant Vallisneria natans 18

[0110] Goldfish algae 16

[0111] Potamogeton 14

[0112] 10g of sepiolite powder, a clay mineral

[0113] Green silica powder 19

[0114] Kaolin powder 20

[0115] Anaerobic yeast 11

[0116] Anaerobic bacteria and lactic acid bacteria 11

[0117] Anaerobic bacteria and photosynthetic bacteria 28

[0118] Anaerobic bacteria and denitrifying bacteria 25

[0119] aerobic bacteria Bacillus 5

[0120] Aerobic bacteria and nitrifying bacteria 6

[0121] Aerobic bacteria and phosphorus-fixing bacteria 8

[0122] Aerobic bacteria Pseudomonas 6.

[0123] A method for preparing clay mineral / submerged plant-based bio-based carbon fixation material supported by a composite functional microbial agent, comprising the following steps:

[0124] 1) Modified clay minerals, including sepiolite powder, chlorite powder, and kaolin powder, were prepared using hydrochloric acid activation-microwave pyrolysis coupling technology. The modified clay minerals were then mixed with submerged plant biochar precursors at a mass ratio of 1:4 using pyrolysis-activation coupling technology. The mixture was then hydrothermally activated with magnesium chloride (MgCl2) solution to obtain a hydrothermal sample. The sample was then carbonized at a constant temperature of about 400 °C for 3 h under a nitrogen atmosphere to prepare clay mineral / submerged plant-based bioporous materials.

[0125] 2) The prepared clay mineral / submerged plant-based bio-derived porous material was soaked in a composite microbial agent and fermented at about 30 °C for 6 days. After the loading was completed, the bio-derived porous material was naturally air-dried to obtain a composite functional microbial agent-loaded clay mineral / submerged plant-based bio-derived carbon fixation material.

[0126] 3) The composite functional microbial agent loaded with clay mineral / submerged plant-based bio-based carbon fixation material is evenly spread on the lake surface and into the bottom, with a spreading thickness of about 4 cm;

[0127] 4) Four weeks after application, compared with the control group without the addition of this matrix material, the abundance of microorganisms at the interface between the sediment and the matrix material increased by more than 330%, the Shannon diversity index of the microbial community increased by more than 60%, the number of functional genes involved in carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycles increased by more than 300%, the total nitrogen and total phosphorus content of the surface sediment (0-10 cm) decreased by more than 45% and 40% respectively, the organic carbon content of the sediment increased by 35%, and the carbon content of microbial residues increased by more than 20%.

[0128] 5) By applying composite functional microbial agents loaded with clay minerals / submerged plant-based bio-based carbon sequestration materials, the lake bottom environment can be effectively improved, microbial diversity and activity can be enhanced, the total nitrogen and total phosphorus content of sediments can be significantly reduced, the organic carbon content and microbial residue carbon content of sediments can be increased, the carbon pool content of sediments can be increased, and the ecological carbon sink function of the lake ecosystem can be enhanced.

[0129] The submerged plants mentioned can be Vallisneria natans, Hydrilla verticillata, and Potamogeton crispus.

[0130] The clay mineral and hydrochloric acid were in a solid-liquid mass ratio of 1:15. After drying to constant weight, the mixture was activated at 800 W for 15 min.

[0131] The above dry raw materials were mixed with MgCl2 solution at a ratio of 1:8 using a hydrothermal activation method; the carbonization temperature of the hydrothermal sample was 400 ℃. Fermentation was carried out at 30 ℃ for 6 days.

[0132] Example 2:

[0133] A composite functional microbial agent loaded with clay mineral / submerged plant-based bio-based carbon fixation material, which is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0134] Raw material weight parts

[0135] Submerged plant Vallisneria natans 17

[0136] Goldfish algae 15

[0137] Potamogeton 13

[0138] clay mineral attapulgite powder 9

[0139] Green bleach powder 18

[0140] Kaolin powder 19

[0141] Anaerobic bacteria and yeast 13

[0142] Anaerobic lactic acid bacteria 10

[0143] Anaerobic bacteria and photosynthetic bacteria 31

[0144] Anaerobic bacteria and denitrifying bacteria 29

[0145] aerobic bacteria Bacillus 6

[0146] Aerobic bacteria and nitrifying bacteria 8

[0147] Aerobic bacteria and phosphorus-fixing bacteria 6

[0148] Aerobic bacteria, Pseudomonas 7.

[0149] A method for preparing clay mineral / submerged plant-based bio-based carbon fixation material loaded with a composite functional microbial agent, specifically involves spreading a certain thickness of the composite functional microbial agent loaded with clay mineral / submerged plant-based bio-based carbon fixation material on top of sediments, and planting different types of submerged plants, including the following steps:

[0150] 1) Modified clay minerals, including sepiolite powder, chlorite powder, and kaolin powder, were prepared using hydrochloric acid activation-microwave pyrolysis coupling technology. The modified clay minerals were then mixed with submerged plant biochar precursors at a mass ratio of 1:4 using pyrolysis-activation coupling technology. The mixture was then hydrothermally activated with magnesium chloride (MgCl2) solution to obtain a hydrothermal sample. The sample was then carbonized at a constant temperature of about 400 °C for 3 h under a nitrogen atmosphere to prepare clay mineral / submerged plant-based bioporous materials.

[0151] 2) The prepared clay mineral / submerged plant-based bio-derived porous material was soaked in a composite microbial agent and fermented at about 30 °C for 6 days. After the loading was completed, the bio-derived porous material was naturally air-dried to obtain a composite functional microbial agent-loaded clay mineral / submerged plant-based bio-derived carbon fixation material.

[0152] 3) Experimental group: The prepared bio-based carbon fixation material was spread on the surface of the sediment. The sediment thickness was 10 cm and the spread thickness was 3-5 cm. Submerged plants such as Vallisneria natans, Ceratophyllum demersum, Potamogeton crispus and their pairs were planted.

[0153] 4) Control group: No bio-based carbon fixation materials were added; all other conditions were the same as the experimental group.

[0154] 5) Examine the incremental changes in plant height, biomass, and net photosynthetic rate of submerged plants 4 weeks after planting;

[0155] 6) After 4 weeks of planting, the average plant height of submerged plants in the following groups increased by approximately 50%, 80%, 70%, 65%, 85%, and 70%, respectively: Vallisneria natans group, Hydrilla verticillata group, Potamogeton crispus group, Vallisneria natans + Hydrilla verticillata group, Hydrilla verticillata + Potamogeton crispus group, and Vallisneria natans + Potamogeton crispus group.

[0156] 7) After 4 weeks of planting, the average biomass of submerged plants in the following groups increased by approximately 80%, 70%, 90%, 105%, 120%, and 105%, respectively: Vallisneria natans group, Hydrilla verticillata group, Potamogeton crispus group, Vallisneria natans + Hydrilla verticillata group, Hydrilla verticillata + Potamogeton crispus group, and Vallisneria natans + Potamogeton crispus group.

[0157] 8) After 4 weeks of planting, the average net photosynthetic rate of submerged plants in the following groups increased by approximately 60%, 40%, 50%, 70%, 80%, and 75%, respectively.

[0158] 9) By applying a composite functional microbial agent loaded with clay mineral / submerged plant-based bio-based carbon sequestration material, the average plant height, biomass, and net photosynthetic rate of submerged plants can be significantly improved. In particular, the average plant height, biomass, and photosynthetic rate of the mixed group of submerged plants are significantly improved. This indicates that the composite functional microbial agent loaded with clay mineral / submerged plant-based bio-based carbon sequestration material of the present invention can significantly promote the growth of submerged plants, improve the ability of submerged plants to capture atmospheric CO2, enhance the photosynthesis of submerged plants, increase the biomass carbon pool, and thus increase the ecological carbon sink function of the lake ecosystem.

[0159] Example 3:

[0160] A composite functional microbial agent loaded with clay mineral / submerged plant-based bio-based carbon fixation material, which is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0161] Raw material weight parts

[0162] Submerged plant Vallisneria natans 16

[0163] Goldfish algae 14

[0164] Potamogeton 15

[0165] 8.5g of sepiolite powder, a clay mineral.

[0166] 20g of green silica powder

[0167] Kaolin powder 18

[0168] Anaerobic yeast 14

[0169] Anaerobic lactic acid bacteria 13

[0170] Anaerobic bacteria and photosynthetic bacteria 32

[0171] Anaerobic bacteria and denitrifying bacteria 30

[0172] aerobic bacteria Bacillus 7

[0173] Aerobic bacteria and nitrifying bacteria 9

[0174] Aerobic bacteria and phosphorus-fixing bacteria 9

[0175] Aerobic bacteria, Pseudomonas 8.

[0176] A method for preparing a composite functional microbial agent-loaded clay mineral / submerged plant-based bio-based carbon fixation material, specifically comprising mixing bottom sediment with the composite functional microbial agent-loaded clay mineral / submerged plant-based bio-based carbon fixation material at different mass ratios, filling the mixture into a biodegradable non-woven mesh bag, and embedding and planting submerged plants, including the following steps:

[0177] 1) Modified clay minerals, including sepiolite powder, chlorite powder, and kaolin powder, were prepared using hydrochloric acid activation-microwave pyrolysis coupling technology. The modified clay minerals were then mixed with submerged plant biochar precursors at a mass ratio of 1:4 using pyrolysis-activation coupling technology. The mixture was then hydrothermally activated with magnesium chloride (MgCl2) solution to obtain a hydrothermal sample. The sample was then carbonized at a constant temperature of about 400 °C for 3 h under a nitrogen atmosphere to prepare clay mineral / submerged plant-based bioporous materials.

[0178] 2) The prepared clay mineral / submerged plant-based bio-derived porous material was soaked in a composite microbial agent and fermented at about 30 °C for 6 days. After the loading was completed, the bio-derived porous material was naturally air-dried to obtain a composite functional microbial agent-loaded clay mineral / submerged plant-based bio-derived carbon fixation material.

[0179] 3) Experimental group: The prepared bio-based carbon fixation material was mixed evenly with the bottom sediment at a mass ratio of 1:5 to 1:10, and submerged plants such as Vallisneria natans, Ceratophyllum demersum, Potamogeton crispus, and combinations thereof were planted.

[0180] 4) Control group: No bio-based carbon fixation materials were added; all other conditions were the same as the experimental group.

[0181] 5) Four weeks after planting, examine the changes in plant height, biomass, and net photosynthetic rate of the submerged plants; take an appropriate amount of leaves to determine their soluble sugar, soluble protein, and chlorophyll a content; take an appropriate amount of roots to determine their root activity.

[0182] 6) After 4 weeks of planting, the average plant height of submerged plants in the following groups increased by approximately 60%, 95%, 80%, 85%, 100%, and 90%, respectively: Vallisneria natans group, Hydrilla verticillata group, Potamogeton crispus group, Vallisneria natans + Hydrilla verticillata group, Hydrilla verticillata + Potamogeton crispus group, and Vallisneria natans + Potamogeton crispus group.

[0183] 7) After 4 weeks of planting, the average biomass of submerged plants in the following groups increased by approximately 100%, 90%, 110%, 120%, 140%, and 125%, respectively: Vallisneria natans group, Hydrilla verticillata group, Potamogeton crispus group, Vallisneria natans + Hydrilla verticillata group, Hydrilla verticillata + Potamogeton crispus group, and Vallisneria natans + Potamogeton crispus group.

[0184] 8) After 4 weeks of planting, the average net photosynthetic rate of submerged plants in the following groups increased by approximately 80%, 60%, 70%, 120%, 110%, and 95%, respectively.

[0185] 9) After 4 weeks of planting, the average soluble sugar content of submerged plants in the following groups increased by approximately 50%, 40%, 35%, 70%, 55%, and 65%, respectively.

[0186] 10) After 4 weeks of planting, the average soluble protein content of submerged plants in the following groups increased by approximately 60%, 50%, 45%, 75%, 65%, and 80%, respectively.

[0187] 11) After 4 weeks of planting, the chlorophyll a content of submerged plants in the following groups increased by about 65%, 50%, 50%, 80%, 70% and 60%, respectively: Vallisneria natans group, Hydrilla verticillata group, Potamogeton crispus group, Vallisneria natans + Hydrilla verticillata group, Hydrilla verticillata + Potamogeton crispus group, and Vallisneria natans + Potamogeton crispus group.

[0188] 12) After 4 weeks of planting, the root vigor of submerged plants in the following groups increased by approximately 55%, 40%, 50%, 65%, 55%, and 70%, respectively: Vallisneria natans group, Hydrilla verticillata group, Potamogeton crispus group, Vallisneria natans + Hydrilla verticillata group, Hydrilla verticillata + Potamogeton crispus group, and Vallisneria natans + Potamogeton crispus group.

[0189] 13) After mixing the composite functional microbial agent loaded with clay mineral / submerged plant-based bio-based carbon fixation material with the bottom sediment and then embedding it for planting submerged plants, the average plant height, biomass and net photosynthetic rate of submerged plants can be improved. In particular, the average plant height, biomass and net photosynthetic rate of the mixed group of submerged plants are significantly improved. This shows that the composite functional microbial agent loaded with clay mineral / submerged plant-based bio-based carbon fixation material of the present invention can significantly promote the growth of submerged plants and is beneficial to promoting the establishment, propagation and recovery of submerged plants.

[0190] Example 4:

[0191] The application of a composite functional microbial agent loaded with clay mineral / submerged plant-based bio-based carbon fixation material in promoting seed germination and seedling growth of submerged plants involves the following steps:

[0192] 1) Modified clay minerals, including sepiolite powder, chlorite powder, and kaolin powder, were prepared using hydrochloric acid activation-microwave pyrolysis coupling technology. The modified clay minerals were then mixed with submerged plant biochar precursors at a mass ratio of 1:4 using pyrolysis-activation coupling technology. The mixture was then hydrothermally activated with magnesium chloride (MgCl2) solution to obtain a hydrothermal sample. The sample was then carbonized at a constant temperature of about 400 °C for 3 h under a nitrogen atmosphere to prepare clay mineral / submerged plant-based bioporous materials.

[0193] 2) The prepared clay mineral / submerged plant-based bio-derived porous material was soaked in a composite microbial agent and fermented at about 30 °C for 6 days. After the loading was completed, the bio-derived porous material was naturally air-dried to obtain a composite functional microbial agent-loaded clay mineral / submerged plant-based bio-derived carbon fixation material.

[0194] 3) Experimental group: The prepared bio-based carbon fixation material was mixed with the bottom sediment at a mass ratio of 1:5 to 1:10, and 60 to 80 seeds of the submerged plant Vallisneria natans were evenly placed on its surface.

[0195] 4) Control group: No bio-based carbon fixation materials were added; all other conditions were the same as the experimental group.

[0196] 5) After sowing, place the culture container in a constant temperature room with a temperature of 27 ℃, a light intensity of 1200-1800 lx, and a light-dark ratio of 12 / 12 h for germination;

[0197] 6) Continue to cultivate in a constant temperature room for 40 days, replenishing water weekly to ensure the submerged plant seedlings are completely submerged;

[0198] 7) Four days after sowing, the germination rate of Vallisneria natans seeds in the experimental group was over 70%, with an average germination rate of over 17.5%, while the germination rate of Vallisneria natans seeds in the control group was over 30%, with an average germination rate of over 7.5%.

[0199] 8) After 40 days, the biomass of the experimental group of *Vallisneria natans* seedlings was about 6.5 g, and the contents of soluble sugar, protein and photosynthetic pigment in the leaves were about 0.5%, 3.8 mg / g and 2.1 mg / g, respectively, and the root activity was about 120 mg / (g·h). The biomass of the control group of *Vallisneria natans* seedlings was about 2.8 g, and the contents of soluble sugar, protein and photosynthetic pigment in the leaves were about 0.2%, 1.5 mg / g and 1.2 mg / g, respectively, and the root activity was about 45 mg / (g·h).

[0200] 9) By applying composite functional microbial agents loaded with clay minerals / submerged plant-based bio-based carbon fixation materials, it can not only promote the germination of seeds of submerged plants such as Vallisneria natans and Hydrilla verticillata, but also promote the growth of subsequent seedlings. This can reduce the nitrogen and phosphorus content of eutrophic lake sediments, inhibit the release of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients in the sediments, improve the bottom environment, promote the establishment, growth and propagation of submerged plants, and improve and stabilize water quality.

[0201] Example 5:

[0202] The application of a composite functional microbial agent loaded with clay mineral / submerged plant-based bio-based carbon sequestration material in emission reduction and carbon sequestration in lake ecosystems involves the following steps:

[0203] 1) Modified clay minerals, including sepiolite powder, chlorite powder, and kaolin powder, were prepared using hydrochloric acid activation-microwave pyrolysis coupling technology. The modified clay minerals were then mixed with submerged plant biochar precursor at a mass ratio of 1:4 using pyrolysis-activation coupling technology. The mixture was then hydrothermally activated with magnesium chloride (MgCl2) solution to obtain a hydrothermal sample. The sample was then carbonized at a constant temperature of about 400 °C for 3 h under a nitrogen atmosphere to prepare clay mineral / submerged plant-based bioporous materials.

[0204] 2) The prepared clay mineral / submerged plant-based bio-derived porous material was soaked in a composite microbial agent and fermented at about 30 °C for 6 days. After the loading was completed, the bio-derived porous material was naturally air-dried to obtain a composite functional microbial agent-loaded clay mineral / submerged plant-based bio-derived carbon fixation material.

[0205] 3) Experimental group: The prepared bio-based carbon fixation material was spread on the surface of the bottom sediment. The bottom sediment was 10 cm thick and the spread material was about 4 cm thick. Submerged plants Vallisneria natans and Hydrilla verticillata were planted on the surface.

[0206] 4) Control group: No bio-based carbon fixation materials were added, no submerged plants were planted, and other conditions were the same as those of the experimental group;

[0207] 5) After 8 weeks of operation, examine the incremental changes in the net photosynthetic rate of submerged plants, and the changes in greenhouse gas emission flux, bubbling flux, and average diffusion flux at the sediment-water interface; 6) After 8 weeks of operation, compared with the control group, the average net photosynthetic rate of submerged plants in the experimental groups (Vallisneria natans and Hydrilla verticillata) increased by 90% and 75%, respectively;

[0208] 7) After 8 weeks of operation, compared with the control group, the greenhouse gas emission flux, bubbling flux and average diffusion flux at the water-air interface and sediment-water interface of the experimental group were reduced by more than 60%, 30% and 50%, respectively.

[0209] 8) By applying composite functional microbial agents loaded with clay minerals / submerged plant-based bio-based carbon sequestration materials, microbial activity is promoted, microbial diversity is increased, bottom conditions are effectively improved, a favorable growth environment is provided for the restoration and reconstruction of submerged plants, the growth of submerged plants is significantly promoted, carbon input from submerged plants is further increased, greenhouse gas emissions are reduced, and the ecological carbon sink function of the lake ecosystem is enhanced.

[0210] The above three specific proportions, preparation methods, and two application examples can be repeatedly implemented by those skilled in the art without any creative effort, based on the description of this invention.

Claims

1. A composite functional microbial inoculant loaded clay mineral / submerged plant-based biological carbon sequestration material, characterized in that, It is prepared from the following raw materials by weight: Raw materials Weight parts Vallisneria natans 12-22 Ceratophyllum demersum 10-20 Potamogeton crispus 8-18 Seppiolite powder 6-12 Nontronite powder 14-24 Kaolin powder 15-25 Anaerobic bacteria yeast 8-15 Anaerobic bacteria lactic acid bacteria 8-15 Anaerobic bacteria photosynthetic bacteria 24-35 Anaerobic bacteria denitrifying bacteria 20-35 Aerobic bacteria Bacillus 5-8 Aerobic bacteria nitrifying bacteria 5-10 Aerobic bacteria phosphorus-fixing bacteria 5-9 Aerobic bacteria Pseudomonas 5-8; The carbon fixation material is prepared by the following preparation steps: (1) Submerged plant collection: Collect submerged plants Vallisneria natans, Ceratophyllum demersum and Potamogeton crispus plants, remove the roots and rotten leaves, soak in tap water for 4-6 h, remove the surface attachments, wash with tap water for 2-4 times; After draining, put it into the oven, kill green at 105 ℃ for 14-16 min, dry at 68-72 ℃ until constant weight, crush and pass through a 90-110 mesh sieve, dry and store in a dry container glass bottle for use; (2) Submerged plant biochar precursor preparation: Use limited oxygen heating carbonization method, mix the treated submerged plant Vallisneria natans, Ceratophyllum demersum and Potamogeton crispus powder in step (1) in the crucible according to the proportion, compact and cover tightly, place it in a tube type vacuum resistance furnace, under nitrogen atmosphere, with a heating rate of 9-11 ℃ / min to carbonization temperature 500℃, constant temperature carbonization for 3h, naturally cool to room temperature, then take out the sample and grind it through a 90-110 mesh sieve to obtain the submerged plant biochar precursor, store it in a dry container glass bottle for use; (3) Clay mineral modification treatment: Mix the clay minerals sepiolite powder, nontronite powder and kaolin powder with dilute hydrochloric acid solution at a solid-liquid mass ratio of 1:10-1:30, mix and stir at a water bath temperature of 45-55 ℃ for 1-2 h, after the reaction is completed, wash with tap water until the suspension is neutral, drain and place in an oven at 45-55 ℃ to dry to constant weight, activate for 5-30 min at a heating power of 600-1200 W and a microwave frequency of 2.45 GHz to prepare modified clay minerals; (4) Carrier preparation: Mix the modified sepiolite powder, modified nontronite powder and modified kaolin powder obtained in step (3) uniformly according to a certain proportion, mix the modified clay minerals with the submerged plant biochar precursor obtained in step (2) uniformly according to a mass ratio of 1:4, use hydrothermal activation treatment method, mix the above dry base raw materials with 0.5-1 mol / L magnesium chloride solution uniformly according to a ratio of 1:5-1:10, then place them in a micro hydrothermal reaction kettle, after the reaction is completed, transfer the solid-liquid mixture in the kettle to a dry beaker, separate the solid and liquid by vacuum filtration, the obtained solid phase product is the hydrothermal sample, dry the obtained hydrothermal sample and place it in a programmable temperature control type tube type vacuum resistance furnace, under nitrogen atmosphere, with a heating rate of 9-11 ℃ / min to carbonization temperature 350-500℃, constant temperature carbonization for 3h, cool to room temperature, take out the sample and grind it through a 90-110 mesh sieve to obtain the clay mineral / submerged plant based biological porous material; (5) Bacterial liquid culture: the composite microbial inoculant is mixed and cultured by anaerobic yeast, anaerobic lactic acid bacteria, anaerobic photosynthetic bacteria, anaerobic denitrifying bacteria, aerobic bacillus, aerobic nitrifying bacteria, aerobic phosphorus-fixing bacteria and aerobic pseudomonas. Each component of the fermentation base material is weighed according to the weight, inoculated with the composite microbial inoculant at an inoculation amount of 3%-5%, adjusted to pH 7.0, autoclaved, and then fermented liquid is prepared for standby. The content of anaerobic bacteria in the composite microbial inoculant is 65%-80% and the content of aerobic bacteria is 20%-35% by mass percentage. Each strain is inoculated into the fermentation base liquid and cultured at 30-35 ℃ for 4-6 days under a constant temperature shaker to obtain the composite microbial inoculant; (6) Inoculant loading: the clay mineral / submerged plant-based biological porous material prepared in step (4) is soaked in the composite microbial inoculant obtained in step (5), and the inoculant loading is carried out under natural conditions. After the loading is completed, the biological porous material is naturally air-dried to obtain the composite functional microbial inoculant loaded clay mineral / submerged plant-based biological carbon sequestration material.

2. The composite functional microbial inoculant loaded clay mineral / submerged plant-based biological carbon sequestration material according to claim 1, characterized in that: Raw material Weight parts Submerged plant Vallisneria 14-20 Ceratophyllum 12-18 Potamogeton 9-17 Clay mineral sepiolite powder 7-11 Green detritus powder 15-23 Kaolin powder 16-24 Anaerobic yeast 10-14 Anaerobic lactic acid bacteria 10-14 Anaerobic photosynthetic bacteria 26-32 Anaerobic denitrifying bacteria 25-33 Aerobic bacillus 5-7 Aerobic nitrifying bacteria 6-9 Aerobic phosphorus-fixing bacteria 6-9 Aerobic pseudomonas 5-8.

3. The composite functional microbial inoculant loaded clay mineral / submerged plant-based biological carbon sequestration material according to claim 1, characterized in that: Raw material Weight parts Submerged plant Vallisneria 16-18 Ceratophyllum 14-16 Potamogeton 11-15 Clay mineral sepiolite powder 9-10 Green detritus powder 17-21 Kaolin powder 18-22 Anaerobic yeast 11-13 Anaerobic lactic acid bacteria 11-13 Anaerobic photosynthetic bacteria 27-31 Anaerobic denitrifying bacteria 26-32 Aerobic bacillus 6-7 Aerobic nitrifying bacteria 6-8 Aerobic phosphorus-fixing bacteria 6-8 Aerobic pseudomonas 6-7.

4. The composite functional microbial inoculant loaded clay mineral / submerged plant-based biological carbon sequestration material according to claim 1, characterized in that: Raw material Weight parts Submerged plant Vallisneria 17 Ceratophyllum 15 Potamogeton 13 Clay mineral sepiolite powder 9.5 Green detritus powder 18 Kaolin powder 19 Anaerobic yeast 12 Anaerobic lactic acid bacteria 12 Anaerobic photosynthetic bacteria 30 Anaerobic denitrifying bacteria 29 Aerobic bacillus 6.5 Aerobic nitrifying bacteria 7 Aerobic phosphorus-fixing bacteria 7 Aerobic pseudomonas 6.5.